You are on page 1of 10

50

Legislating for Equality in Colombia:


Constitutional Jurisprudence, Tutelas,
and Social Reform
Patrick Delaney1
T6*64S,)%0$P$,7$/%*,..*$%,;%.#$%O)R%6c%Q6/,.,7$%
,;.$0;).,6;)*%0$Q60.,;-D%"#$%P6(;.0R^/%,;.$0b
;).,6;)*%0$Q(.).,6;%,/%<64,;).$<%SR%P6;_*,P.2%
P6P),;$%);<%P6[%$$D%e$.2%)/%6;$%O6(*<%$MQ$P.%
c064%)%P6(;.0R%6c%460$%.#);%FF%4,**,6;%Q$6b
Q*$22%%.#$0$%,/%)%-0$).%<$)*%460$%.6%.#$%;).,6;%
.#);% ,/% ,44$<,).$*R% )QQ)0$;.D% T6*64S,)% ,/%
#64$%.6%)%Q06-0$//,7$%P6;/.,.(.,6;)*%/R/.$42%
.#$%Q06<(P.%6c%)%0$*).,7$*R%0$P$;.%P6;/.,.(.,6;%
);<% )% 0,-#./bc6P(//$<% P6;/.,.(.,6;)*% P6(0.D%
"#$%$M,/.$;P$%6c%.#$/$%*$-)*%);<%,;/.,.(.,6;)*%
4$P#);,/4/% )*6;-/,<$% O,<$/Q0$)<% Q67$0.R%
);<% /6P,)*% <,/*6P).,6;2% Q*)P$/% T6*64S,)% ,;%
)% (;,'($% Q6/,.,6;% O,.#% 0$-)0</% .6% .#$% *$-)*%
.0$).4$;.%6c%<,/P0,4,;).,6;D

SR%,./%.);-,S*$%$[%$P./%.#06(-#6(.%.#$%;).,6;D%
&7$;% -,7$;% .#,/% 460$% P)(.,6(/% )QQ06)P#2%
.#$0$%,/%4(P#%.6%S$%Q0),/$<%,;%.#$%T6*64S,);%
P6;/.,.(.,6;)*% /R/.$42% );<% .#$% Q06.$P.,6;% ,.%
#)/% Q067,<$<% .6% 60<,;)0R% P,.,k$;/D% 36O$7$02%
,.% ,/% )*/6% ,4Q60.);.% .6% 0$4),;% P6;/P,6(/% 6c%
.#$% *,4,./% 6c% .#$% *)O2% );<% .#$% $;<(0,;-% 0$b
/Q6;/,S,*,.R%6c%-67$0;4$;.%);<%P,7,*%/6P,$.R%
c60%/6P,)*%0$c604D
A Brief History of Colombia

T$;.0)*% )46;-% .#$% *$-)*% 4$P#);,/4/% c60%


.#$%Q06.$P.,6;%6c%$'()*,.R%,;%T6*64S,)%,/%.#$%
tutelaN% );% $)/,*Rb)PP$//,S*$% );<% '(,Pd*Rb0$b
/6*7$<%O0,.%c60%.#$%/).,/c)P.,6;%6c%c(;<)4$;b
.)*% 0,-#./D% Y/% /(P#2% ,.% #)/% S$P64$% )% Q6Q(*)0%
4$P#);,/4%c60%60<,;)0R%T6*64S,);%P,.,k$;/%
.6% P*),4% .#$,0% P6;/.,.(.,6;)**R% Q06.$P.$<%
0,-#./2% );<% 6;$% Q)0.,P(*)0*R% )QQ6/,.$% ,;% )%
P6(;.0R%O#$0$%Q67$0.R%O6(*<%6.#$0O,/$%*,4b
,.%)PP$//%.6%j(/.,P$D

T6*64S,);%#,/.60R%,/%*6;-%);<%$7$;.c(*2%);<%
P$;.0)*% .6% (;<$0/.);<,;-% .#$% /$$</% 6c% 46<b
$0;% P6;_*,P.D3% % V;<$Q$;<$;P$% ,;% .#$% 0$-,6;%
O)/%_,0/.%/$P(0$<%SR%a,46;%A6*7)0%,;%1L1U2%
S(.%.#$%r50);%T6*64S,)^%#$%P0$).$<%/66;%<$b
/.)S,*,/$<2% c604,;-% 67$0% .,4$% .#$% 46<$0;%
;).,6;/% 6c% T6*64S,)2% m$;$k($*)2% &P()<60%
);<% X);)4)D% Y/% .#,/% Q06P$//% 6PP(00$<2% P6;b
_*,P./% S$.O$$;% A6*7)0^/% c6**6O$0/% );<% .#6/$%
6c%90);P,/P6%<$%X)(*)%a);.);<$02%#,/%<$Q(.R2%
(*.,4).$*R% P0R/.)**,/$<% ,;.6% .O6% <64,;);.2%
P64Q$.,;-% Q)0.,$/% .#).% <64,;).$% T6*64S,)%
.6%.#$%Q0$/$;.N%.#$%:,S$0)*/%);<%.#$%T6;/$0b
7).,7$/D

@$7$0.#$*$//2% .#$% 6Q$0).,6;% 6c% .#$% T6*64b


S,);%P6;/.,.(.,6;)*%/R/.$42%,;P*(<,;-%.#$%tutela2%4(/.%S$%$M)4,;$<%O,.#%)%P0,.,P)*%$R$D%V;%
)%P6;.$M.%O#$0$%.#$%/6(0P$/%6c%,;$'()*,.R%);<%
<,/P0,4,;).,6;% )0$% 6c.$;% /.0(P.(0)*2% .#$% *)O%
/#6(*<%;6.%S$%,;76d$<%)/%)%Q);)P$)D%+).#$02%)%
/6P,6b*$-)*%)QQ06)P#%,/%O)00);.$<2%,;%O#,P#%
.#$%/(PP$//%6c%.#$%*$-)*%/R/.$4%,/%4$)/(0$<%

"#$% P64Q$.,.,6;% 6c% .#$% :,S$0)*% );<% T6;/$0b


7).,7$% Q)0.,$/% 67$0% .#$% 1U.#% );<% $)0*R% I?.#%
P$;.(0,$/% 6c.$;% 0$/(*.$<% ,;% 7,6*$;P$D% "#$%
46<$0;2% <$_,;,;-% ,;/.);.,).,6;% 6c% .#,/% );b
.)-6;,/4% P)4$% ,;% .#$% c604% 6c% :)% m,6*$;P,)D%
aQ)0d$<% SR% .#$% YQ0,*% 1UFL% )//)//,;).,6;% 6c%
Z60-$%&*,{P$0%5),.;2%)%P#)0,/4).,P%);<%Q6Qb
(*,/.% *$c.,/.% *$)<$02% :)% m,6*$;P,)% *)/.$<% (;.,*%

The Equal Rights Review, Vol. One (2008)

51

1U8L2%);<%P*),4$<%(Q%.6%J??2???%*,7$/D%=#,*$%
.#$%j6,;.%r@).,6;)*%906;.^%-67$0;4$;.%$/.)Sb
*,/#$<%SR%.#$%:,S$0)*/%);<%.#$%T6;/$07).,7$/%
P$)/$<%.#$%,44$<,).$%7,6*$;P$2%,.%Q06*6;-$<%
.#$% #$-$46;R% 6c% .#$% 4)j60% Q)0.,$/% );<% .0)b
<,.,6;)*%Q6O$0/2%);<%(*.,4).$*R%-)7$%S,0.#%.6%
.#$%46<$0;%-($00,**)%467$4$;.%O#,P#%P6;b
.,;($/%.6%Q*)-($%T6*64S,)D4%

0$P60<% ;(4S$0/% 6c% ,;.$0;)**R% <,/Q*)P$<% Q$0b


/6;/D9%%"#$%<,0$P.%7,P.,4/%6c%.#$%7,6*$;P$%c064%
S6.#%/,<$/%)0$%$M.$;/,7$2%S(.%.#$%P6;_*,P.%)*/6%
#)/%460$%,;/,<,6(/%<,/P0,4,;).60R%$[%$P./2%)/%
7)*()S*$%,;.$0;)*%);<%$M.$0;)*%0$/6(0P$/%)0$%
6c.$;%<,7$0.$<%.6%.#$%P6;_*,P.D10%

"#$%c),*(0$%6c%.#$%@).,6;)*%906;.%.6%)<<0$//%
O,<$/Q0$)<% ,;$'()*,.,$/2% )*6;-/,<$% <(S,6(/%
$*$P.,6;% Q0)P.,P$/2% $;P6(0)-$<% .#$% c604)b
.,6;%6c%)%;(4S$0%6c%*$c.bO,;-%-($00,**)%467$b
4$;./D%"#$%46/.%;6.)S*$%)46;-%.#$/$%O$0$%
.#$%+$76*(.,6;)0R%Y04$<%960P$/%6c%T6*64S,)%
G9Y+TH2%.#$%@).,6;)*%:,S$0).,6;%Y04R%G&:@H%
);<%.#$%YQ0,*%1U%\67$4$;.%G\b1UHD%"6%<).$2%
6;*R% .#$% \b1U% #)/% c(**R% <,/S);<$<2% O,.#%
.#$% 9Y+T% );<% &:@% /.,**% )P.,7$% ,;% T6*64S,)2%
<$/Q,.$% )% /$0,$/% 6c% )..$4Q./% ).% Q$)P$% ;$-6b
.,).,6;/D5%%"#$%,<$6*6-,P)*%P#)0)P.$0%6c%.#$/$%
467$4$;./%,/%<,/Q(.$<2%S(.%,.%,/%P*$)0%.#).%.#$%
0,/$%6c%;)0P6b.0)c_,Pd,;-%#)/%;6.%Q)//$<%.#$4%
SRD%Yc.$0%.#$%c)**%6c%.#$%\$<$**,;%);<%T)*,%P)0b
.$*/%,;%.#$%1UL?/%);<%1UU?/2%O,.#%O#,P#%.#$%
-($00,**)/%#)<%#)<%);%(;$7$;%0$*).,6;/#,Q%).%
S$/.2%.#$%-($00,**)/%.66d%)%-0$).$0%06*$%,;%.#$%
Q06<(P.,6;%6c%P6P),;$D6%%"#$%46;$R%.#(/%6Sb
.),;$<%O)/%<,0$P.$<%,;.6%c(0.#$0%c(;<,;-%.#$%
/.0(--*$%)-),;/.%.#$%-67$0;4$;.D%"#$%7,6*$;.%
Q)0)4,*,.)0,$/%O#6%06/$%(Q%.6%0$/,/.%.#$%-($0b
0,**)/% /66;% S$P)4$% $'()**R% $;/;)0$<% ,;% .#$%
O$S% 6c% P6P),;$% 46;$R2% );<% )/% .#$/$% -06(Q/%
)0$%<$46S,*,/,;-2%,.%)QQ$)0/%.#).%;$O%)04$<%
-06(Q/%)0$%0,/,;-%.6%.)d$%.#$,0%Q*)P$D7%

"#$0$% )0$% )% ;(4S$0% 6c% Q)0.,P(*)0*R% 7(*;$0b


)S*$%-06(Q/%,;%T6*64S,)2%O#6%)0$%.#$%/(Sj$P.%
6c% <,/)<7);.)-$6(/% /6P,)*% P6;<,.,6;/D% Y.% )%
Q)0.,P(*)0% <,/)<7);.)-$% )0$% Yc06bT6*64S,b
);/% O#62% <$Q$;<,;-% 6;% .#$% 4$)/(0$2% P6(*<%
)PP6(;.%c60%)/%4(P#%)/%)%'()0.$0%6c%.#$%T6b
*64S,);%Q6Q(*).,6;D11%%:)0-$%/$P.,6;/%6c%.#$%
Yc06b<$/P$;<$;.% Q6Q(*).,6;% 0$4),;% ,;% -$6b
-0)Q#,P)**R% ,/6*).$<% P644(;,.,$/2% /(P#% )/%
T#6P2%6;%.#$%O$/.$0;%/$)S6)0<2%);<%6;%.#$%
T)0,SS$);% P6)/.D% "#$/$% 0$-,6;/% )0$% /64$% 6c%
.#$% Q660$/.g% P#)0)P.$0,/$<% SR% $M.0$4$% Q67b
$0.R2%);<%)%*)Pd%6c%)PP$//%.6%/$07,P$/%/(P#%)/%
#$)*.#%);<%$<(P).,6;D12%%];$%-67$0;4$;.%$/b
.,4).$%Q*)P$/%KIu%6c%Yc06bT6*64S,);/%,;%.#$%
.O6%*6O$/.%/6P,6b$P6;64,P%/.0).)D13%%AR%7,0b
.($%6c%.#$%*6P).,6;%6c%.#$,0%P644(;,.,$/2%.#$R%
)0$% )*/6% <,/Q06Q60.,6;).$*R% )[%$P.$<% SR% .#$%
P6;_*,P.214% 4)d,;-% (Q% J?u% 6c% .#$% <,/Q*)P$<%
Q6Q(*).,6;D15%%\60$67$02%.#$R%*)Pd%/,-;,_,P);.%
Q6*,.,P)*%0$Q0$/$;.).,6;2%O,.#%6;*R%;,;$%Yc06b
T6*64S,);%4$4S$0/%6c%.#$%I>L%4$4S$0%P6;b
-0$//D16%%Y/%)%0$/(*.%6c%.#$/$%Q0$//(0$/2%)46;-%
6.#$0/2%.#$%Yc06bT6*64S,);%P644(;,.R%,/%,;%
<);-$0%6c%*6/,;-%,./%(;,'($%P(*.(0$D17%

\6<$0;% T6*64S,)% ,/% )% Q06<(P.% 6c% .#$/$% #,/b


.60,P)*%,;_*($;P$/2%);<%.#$%P(00$;./%6c%Q6*,.,P)*%
);<%/6P,)*%P6;_*,P.%0(;%<$$QD%"#$%-67$0;4$;.%
6c% *7)06% B0,S$% #)/% c6(;<% ,./$*c% 0$Q$).$<*R%
Q*)-($<%SR%)PP(/).,6;/%.#).%,./%/(QQ60.$0/%)0$%
0$/Q6;/,S*$% c60% P6**)S60).,6;% O,.#% Q)0)4,*,b
.)0,$/D8% % 3(4);,.)0,);% ;$-6.,).,6;/% /(P#% )/%
Q0,/6;$0%$MP#);-$/%P6;.,;($%.6%Q06P$$<%/#)db
,*R2% );<% .#$% $;<(0,;-% 7,6*$;P$% #)/% Q06<(P$<%

A Survey of Discrimination in Colombia

"#$%6.#$0%4)j60%$.#;,P%-06(Q/%.6%/([%$0%*6;-b
.$04%<,/P0,4,;).,6;%)0$%,;<,-$;6(/D%W$/Q,.$%
)PP6(;.,;-%c60%*$//%.#);%Iu%6c%.#$%.6.)*%Q6Q(b
*).,6;218%%T6*64S,);%,;<,-$;6(/%Q$6Q*$/%<,/b
Q*)R%$M.0)60<,;)0R%<,7$0/,.RD%"#$0$%)0$%460$%
.#);%U?%<,/.,;P.%-06(Q/%);<%>F%*);-()-$/D19%
e$.%6;*R%0)0$*R%)0$%.#$/$%-06(Q/%P6;/(*.$<%6;%
.#$%$MQ*6,.).,6;%6c%.0)<,.,6;)*%*);<2%);<%.#$R%
-$;$0)**R%/([%$0%#,-#%*$7$*/%6c%Q67$0.R2%)/%O$**%
)/%Q660%#$)*.#%);<%)%*)Pd%6c%$<(P).,6;%/$07,Pb

The Equal Rights Review, Vol. One (2008)

52

$/D20% % "#$R% #)7$% )*/6% S$$;% <,/Q06Q60.,6;).$%


7,P.,4/% 6c% .#$% ,;.$0;)*% P6;_*,P.2% )/% .#$,0% .0)b
<,.,6;)*% *);</% )0$% 6c.$;% 4,*,.)0,*R% 6PP(Q,$<%
60%.#$%/(Sj$P.%6c%_,-#.,;-D21%%"#$%#,/.60R%);<%
P(*.(0$%Q0$/$07$<%SR%.#$/$%-06(Q/%P6;.,;($%
.6%S$%.#0$).$;$<D22%%]c%.#$%U?%,;<,-$;6(/%Q$6b
Q*$/2%JU%;(4S$0%c$O$0%.#);%12???%,;<,7,<(b
)*/2%);<%IL%c$O$0%.#);%8??D23%
"#$% 0,-#./% 6c% *$/S,);2% -)R2% S,/$M()*% );<%
.0);/-$;<$0$<% Q$0/6;/% #)7$% )*/6% S$$;% .#$%
/(Sj$P.% 6c% /,-;,_,P);.% P6;.067$0/R% ,;% 0$P$;.%
.,4$/D% =#,*$% /.,**% ).% .#$,0% #$,-#.2% .#$% 0,-#.b
O,;-% Q)0)4,*,.)0,$/% $;-)-$<% ,;% O,<$/Q0$)<%
rP*$);/,;-^% 6c% (;<$/,0)S*$% Q$6Q*$2% ,;P*(<,;-%
#646/$M()*/D24%:$/S,);/2%-)R/2%S,/$M()*/%);<%
.0);/-$;<$0%Q$0/6;/%P6;.,;($%.6%S$%.#$%7,Pb
.,4/%6c%4(0<$0/2%)//)(*./%);<%.#0$)./%SR%.#$%
Q(S*,P%).%*)0-$%);<%SR%.#$%Q6*,P$%);<%/$P(0,.R%
c60P$/D25

The State of the Law


Y% ;$O% P6;/.,.(.,6;% O)/% Q064(*-).$<% ,;% T6b
*64S,)%,;%1UU12%S0,;-,;-%O,.#%,.%);%$;.,0$*R%
;$O% P6;/.,.(.,6;)*% /R/.$4% .6% )<<0$//% <,/b
P0,4,;).,6;% );<% ,;$'()*,.RD% Y.% .#$% #$)0.% 6c%
.#).% <6P(4$;.% O)/% )% /$0,$/% 6c% c(;<)4$;b
.)*% 0,-#./2% ,;P*(<,;-% )% -()0);.$$% 6c% $'()*,.R%
c6(;<%,;%Y0.,P*$%1JN
oY**%Q$0/6;/%)0$%S60;%c0$$%);<%$'()*%
S$c60$%.#$%*)O2%);<%/#)**%S$%-,7$;%$'()*%Q06b
.$P.,6;%);<%.0$).4$;.%SR%.#$%)(.#60,.,$/2%);<%
/#)**% $;j6R% .#$% /)4$% 0,-#./2% c0$$<64/% );<%
6QQ60.(;,.,$/% O,.#6(.% );R% <,/P0,4,;).,6;%
6;% -06(;</% 6c% /$M2% 0)P$2% ;).,6;)*% 60% c)4,*R%
60,-,;2%*);-()-$2%0$*,-,6;2%Q6*,.,P)*%6Q,;,6;%60%
Q#,*6/6Q#RDpJJ%
%

=64$;%.66%/([%$0%Q)0.,P(*)0%<,/)<7);.)-$%,;%
.#$%T6*64S,);%P6;.$M.D%"#$R%)0$%/Q$P,)*%7,Pb
.,4/%6c%.#$%P6;_*,P.2%)/%7,P.,4/%6c%/$M()*%7,6b
*$;P$226% )/% #$)</% 6c% #6(/$#6*</2% );<% )/% .#$%
,;.$0;)**R% <,/Q*)P$<D27% V;% )<<,.,6;2% )% #RQ$0b
4)/P(*,;$% r4)P#,/46^% G)% 4)P#6% /$M,/4H% )cb
c$P./%$7$0R<)R%T6*64S,);%P(*.(0$2%*$)<,;-%.6%
/$0,6(/% Q06S*$4/% 6c% 7,6*$;P$% )-),;/.% O64b
$;D28%%AR%6;$%4$)/(0$2%<64$/.,P%7,6*$;P$%);<%
,./%P606**)0,$/%)0$%.#$%Q0,4)0R%P)(/$%6c%<$).#%
,;%O64$;%S$.O$$;%18%);<%FF%R$)0/%6c%)-$D29%

"O6% /(S/$'($;.% Q)0)-0)Q#/% ,;% Y0.,P*$% 1J%


Q067,<$% c60% .#$% )<6Q.,6;% 6c% 4$)/(0$/% ,;% c)b
76(0%6c%<,/)<7);.)-$<%-06(Q/2%,;%.#$%P6;.$M.%
6c%)%r0$)*^2%$[%$P.,7$%);<%4).$0,)*%$'()*,.R2%);<%
.#$%Q06.$P.,6;%6c%.#6/$%,;%)%/,.().,6;%6c%4);,b
c$/.% O$)d;$//% S$P)(/$% 6c% .#$,0% $P6;64,P2%
Q#R/,P)*%60%4$;.)*%/.).$D%Y0.,P*$%1J%,/%c0)4$<%
S06)<*R% f% ,.% ,;P60Q60).$/% )% ;$-).,7$% ,;j(;Pb
.,6;2%c6(;<%,;%.#$%Q06#,S,.,6;%6c%<,/P0,4,;)b
.,6;2% )*6;-/,<$% )% Q6/,.,7$% ,4Q$0).,7$2% ,;% .#$%
0$'(,0$4$;.% .#).% )(.#60,.,$/% Q067,<$% c60%
$'()*%.0$).4$;.D34%%Y/%/(P#2%,.%$;7,/)-$/%S6.#%
c604)*%);<%/(S/.);.,7$%$'()*,.R%Q06.$P.,6;/D

"#$% /,.().,6;% 6c% .#$/$% Q)0.,P(*)0% -06(Q/%


4(/.%S$%(;<$0/.66<%,;%.#$%P6;.$M.%6c%-$;$0)*%
Q67$0.R%,;%T6*64S,);%/6P,$.RD%@$)0*R%#)*c%6c%
T6*64S,);/%*,7$%S$*6O%.#$%Q67$0.R%*,;$2%);<%
;$)0*R% 18u% ,;% P6;<,.,6;/% 6c% $M.0$4$% Q67b
$0.RD30% % T6*64S,)% ,/% 4)0d$<% SR% /64$% 6c% .#$%
#,-#$/.% ,;P64$% ,;$'()*,.R% ,;% :).,;% Y4$0,b
P)D31% % X67$0.R% ,/% 46/.% Q06;6(;P$<% ,;% 0(0)*%
)0$)/% );<% ,;% Q)0.,P(*)0% 0$-,6;/D32% % V;$'()*b
,.R2%.#$0$c60$2%4(/.%S$%)PP$Q.$<%)/%Q$07)/,7$%
,;%T6*64S,)%);<%;6.%4$0$*R%.#$%Q067,;P$%6c%
Q)0.,P(*)0%-06(Q/D

"#$0$% )0$% )% ;(4S$0% 6c% 460$% /Q$P,_,P2% P64b


Q*$4$;.)0R%Q06.$P.,6;/%O#,P#%c$).(0$%,;%.#$%
P6;/.,.(.,6;D%960%$M)4Q*$2%Y0.,P*$%FJ%Q06#,Sb
,./%<,/P0,4,;).,6;%S$.O$$;%4$;%);<%O64$;g%
Y0.,P*$% F8% Q067,<$/% Q06.$P.,6;/% c60% )<6*$/b
P$;./g%);<%Y0.,P*$%>L%Q067,<$/%c60%0$/Q$P.%c60%
.#$% ,<$;.,.R% 6c% ,;<,-$;6(/% P644(;,.,$/D35%
Y/% ,;% 46/.% P6;/.,.(.,6;)*% /R/.$4/2% .#$% .0($%
/P6Q$%6c%.#$/$%0,-#./%,/%6;*R%0$7$)*$<%.#06(-#%
.#$,0% j(<,P,)*% ,;.$0Q0$.).,6;D% ]c% Q)0.,P(*)0%
;6.$%,;%.#,/%0$-)0<%,/%.#$%c)P.%.#).%.#$%T6*64b
S,);%P6;/.,.(.,6;%$MQ0$//*R%Q067,<$/%.#).%.#$%

The Equal Rights Review, Vol. One (2008)

53

0,-#./%O,.#,;%,.%/#)**%S$%,;.$0Q0$.$<%,;%)PP60b
<);P$%O,.#%,;.$0;).,6;)*%#(4);%0,-#./%.0$)b
.,$/% 0).,_,$<% SR% T6*64S,)D36% % Y/% )% 0$/(*.2% ,;b
.$0;).,6;)*% ,;/.0(4$;./% #)7$% P6;/.,.(.,6;)*%
/.).(/%O,.#,;%.#$%j(<,P,)*%/R/.$4D37%
"#$%T6*64S,);%T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%T6(0.%#)/%)<b
6Q.$<%S06)<%(;<$0/.);<,;-/%6c%.#$/$%P6;/.,b
.(.,6;)*%0,-#./D%960%$M)4Q*$2%.#$%0,-#.%.6%.#$%
c0$$% <$7$*6Q4$;.% 6c% Q$0/6;)*,.R% #)/% S$$;%
$M.$;<$<%.6%P67$0%/$M()*%60,$;.).,6;2%<$/Q,.$%
/,-;,_,P);.%/6P,)*%);.)-6;,/4%.6O)0</%#646b
/$M()*/D38% % \60$67$02% .#$/$% 0,-#./% )0$% );)*b
R/$<% ,;% )PP60<);P$% O,.#% )% Q06Q60.,6;)*,.R%
)QQ06)P#D% W,/P0,4,;).,6;% S$.O$$;% Q$0/6;/%
4)R% S$% )PP$Q.)S*$2% 6;% .#$% T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%
T6(0.^/%0$)/6;,;-2%6;*R%O#$0$%,.%4$$./%)%/$.%
6c%P0,.$0,)N
n%
.#$% Q$0/6;/% )0$% ,;% <,/.,;P.% c)P.()*%
P,0P(4/.);P$/g
n%
.#$,0% <,/.,;P.% .0$).4$;.% #)/% )% Q(0b
Q6/$%G_,;)*,<)<H%O#,P#%,/%P6;/.,.(.,6;)**R%)<b
4,//,S*$%G.#).%,/2%r0$)/6;)S*$^Hg
n%
.#$%c)P.()*%4).0,M2%,;P*(<,;-%.#$%<,cb
c$0$;.,)*%.0$).4$;.%);<%,./%$;</2%,/%0).,6;)**R%
P6#$0$;.g%);<
n%
.#$%<,[%$0$;.,)*%.0$).4$;.%,/%Q06Q60b
.,6;).$%-,7$;%.#$%$;</%Q(0/($<D39%
"#$/$% /Q$P,_,P% P0,.$0,)% ,;P60Q60).$% .#$% .O6%
67$0)0P#,;-%P0,.$0,)%6c%r0$)/6;)S*$;$//^%);<%
r0).,6;)*,.R^D40% % "#$% c604$0% 0$*).$/% .6% .#$% *$b
-,.,4)PR% 6c% .#$% -6)*2% 7,$O$<% $M.$0;)**RN% P);%
,.%S$%/),<%.6%S$%Q(0/(,;-%)%*$-)**R%)PP$Q.)S*$%
-6)*q% V;% .#,/% P)/$2% c60% $M)4Q*$2% <,/P0,4,;)b
.,6;%O,.#%.#$%$MQ0$//%Q(0Q6/$%6c%<,/.,;-(,/#b
,;-% S$.O$$;% 4$;% );<% O64$;% 4)R% *)Pd% .#$%
.#0$/#6*<% *$-,.,4)PR% .6% /).,/cR% .#$% r0$)/6;b
)S*$;$//^%P0,.$0,)D%"#$%*)..$0%P0,.$0,6;2%0).,6b
;)*,.R2%0$*).$/%.6%,;.$0;)*%P6#$0$;P$N%.6%O#).%
$M.$;.%)0$%.#$%4$);/%);<%.#$%$;</%0).,6;)**R%
P6;;$P.$<q%960%$M)4Q*$2%,c%.#$%*$-,.,4).$%-6)*%
6c%/64$%*$-,/*).,6;%,/%.6%)<7);P$%.#$%P)(/$%6c%
,;<,-$;6(/% Q$6Q*$2% S(.% ,.% #)/% .#$% 6QQ6/,.$%
$[%$P.2%,.%O,**%c),*%.#$%0).,6;)*,.R%P0,.$0,)D%"#,/%

/$P6;<%P0,.$0,6;%,/%Q)0.,P(*)0*R%,4Q60.);.%,;%
Q0$7$;.,;-%<,/P0,4,;).,6;%O,.#%P6;P$)*$<%,;b
.$;.2%60%(;c60$/$$;%P6;/$'($;P$/D
"#$%T6*64S,);%T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%T6(0.%#)/%)*/6%
S6006O$<%.#$%P6;P$Q.%6c%r/.0,P.%/P0(.,;R^%c064%
B;,.$<%a.).$/%j(0,/Q0(<$;P$D41%%"#,/%460$%<$b
4);<,;-%.$/.%6c%7)*,<,.R%,/%,;76d$<%O#$0$%.#$%
<,/P0,4,;).,6;% ,/% S)/$<% 6;% /(/Q,P,6(/% P0,.$b
0,)242% % O#$0$% .#$% <,/P0,4,;).,6;% Q0,;P,Q)**R%
)[%$P./%.#6/$%,;%)%/,.().,6;%6c%4);,c$/.%O$)db
;$//2%O#$;%.#$%$;j6R4$;.%6c%)%c(;<)4$;.)*%
0,-#.%,/%)[%$P.$<2%60%O#$0$%)%Q0,7,*$-$%,/%P0$b
).$<D43%%V;%.#$/$%P)/$/2%.#$%4$)/(0$%4(/.%S$%
;$P$//)0R% );<% ,;.0,;/,P)**R% Q06Q60.,6;).$D44%
"#$/$% P6;<,.,6;/% 0$/(*.% ,;% 4(P#% /.0,P.$0%
.$/./% 6c% 0).,6;)*,.R% );<% 0$)/6;)S*$;$//2% 0$b
/Q$P.,7$*RD
V;%.#,/%/R/.$42%.#$%)QQ*,P).,6;%6c%.#$%Q06#,S,b
.,6;% 6;% <,/P0,4,;).,6;% S$.O$$;% ,;<,7,<()*/%
#)/%S$$;%*,4,.$<D%"#$%P6(0.%#)/%j(/.,_,$<%.#,/%
6;%.#$%S)/,/%6c%.#$%P64S,;$<%,4Q60.);P$%6c%
Q*(0)*,/4% );<% )(.6;64RD45% % a6% *6;-% )/% ,;<,b
7,<()*/% 4),;.),;% .#$% 0,-#.% .6% <$7$*6Q% .#$,0%
Q$0/6;)*,.R% ,;% );% )(.6;646(/% c)/#,6;2% .#$R%
4(/.%4),;.),;%.#$%P)Q)P,.R%.6%4)d$%Q$0/6;)*%
<,/.,;P.,6;/% 6;% -06(;</% .#).% 4,-#.% 6.#$0b
O,/$%S$%Q06#,S,.$<2%/(P#%)/%Q6*,.,P)*%60,$;.)b
.,6;D%36O$7$02%.#,/%)QQ06)P#%,/%S)*);P$<%SR%
/,.().,6;/% ,;% O#,P#% .#$% P6(0.% #)/% Q067,<$<%
);.,b<,/P0,4,;).,6;% Q06.$P.,6;/% )-),;/.% .#$%
$M$0P,/$%6c%Q0,7).$%Q6O$02%c60%$M)4Q*$%,;%.#$%
O60dQ*)P$2% 60% SR% Q0,7).$% )P.60/% $M$0P,/,;-%
Q(S*,P%c(;P.,6;/D46%
Mechanisms for Legal Protection
V//($/%6c%)PP$//%.6%j(/.,P$%6PP(QR%.#$%P0(P,)*%
/Q)P$%S$.O$$;%,;<,7,<()*/%);<%.#$%T6;/.,.(b
.,6;D% "#$0$c60$2% ,;% )<<,.,6;% .6% P6;/,<$0,;-%
.#$% ,;.$0Q0$.).,6;% 6c% P6;/.,.(.,6;)*% );.,b
<,/P0,4,;).,6;% 4$)/(0$/% ,;% T6*64S,)2% ,.% ,/%
;$P$//)0R% .6% $M)4,;$% .#$% 4$);/% )7),*)S*$%
.6%Q06.$P.%P6;/.,.(.,6;)*%0,-#./D%9,0/.%)46;-%

The Equal Rights Review, Vol. One (2008)

54

.#$/$2%S6.#%,;%Q6Q(*)0,.R%);<%,;%/,-;,_,P);P$2% "#$%tutela2%#6O$7$02%0$.),;/%/64$%Q06P$<(0)*%
,/%.#$%tutela%)P.,6;D
*,4,.).,6;/D%"#$%T6*64S,);%tutela2%,;%P6;.0)/.%
.6%/64$%6c%.#$%S06)<$0%$'(,7)*$;./%,;%6.#$0%
"#$% tutela% )P.,6;% );<% ,./% );)*6-($/% P);% S$% :).,;%Y4$0,P);%;).,6;/2%P);%6;*R%S$%,;76d$<%
c6(;<% .#06(-#6(.% :).,;% Y4$0,P)D47% % V.% O)/% .6% Q06.$P.% rc(;<)4$;.)*^% 0,-#./% c6(;<% ,;% .#$%
_,0/.%$/.)S*,/#$<%(;<$0%.#$%;)4$%6c%amparo% 1UU1%P6;/.,.(.,6;D56%%=#,*$%.#$/$%0,-#./%c604%
,;% \$M,P6% ,;% 1L8K2% );<% #)/% /,;P$% /Q0$)<% );% $MQ);/,7$% *,/.2% .#$R% )0$% c)0% c064% $M#)(/b
.#06(-#6(.% :).,;% Y4$0,P)% );<% S$R6;<D% .,7$D%"#$%T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%T6(0.%#)/%.$4Q$0$<%
36O$7$02% ,.% 0$4),;/% )% 0$*).,7$*R% (;c)4,*b .#,/%0$'(,0$4$;.%.6%/64$%$M.$;.2%SR%$M.$;<b
,)0%P6;P$Q.%O,.#,;%.#$%P6446;%*)O%/R/.$4% ,;-%.#$%)QQ*,P).,6;%6c%tutelas .6%6.#$0%0,-#./%
);<% 4(P#% 6c% &(06Q$D% "#$% T6*64S,);% tutela% O#$0$%.#$R%#)7$%);%,;.,4).$%P6;;$P.,6;%O,.#%
O)/% $/.)S*,/#$<% ,;% .#$% 1UU1% T6;/.,.(.,6;% )% c(;<)4$;.)*% 0,-#.2% 60% )0$% 6c% .#$% 0$'(,/,.$%
)/% );% )P.,6;% .6% Q067,<$% c60% .#$% r,44$<,).$% /.).(/%.#06(-#%.#$,0%;).(0)*%P#)0)P.$0D57%%"#$%
Q06.$P.,6;% 6c% 6;$^/% c(;<)4$;.)*% P6;/.,.(b P6(0.%#)/%)*/6%.)d$;%)%S06)<%,;.$0Q0$.).,6;%6c%
.,6;)*%0,-#./2%O#$;%);R%6c%.#$/$%)0$%7,6*).$<% .#$%0$'(,0$4$;.%.#).%)%c(;<)4$;.)*%0,-#.%S$%
60% .#0$).$;$<% SR% .#$% )P.,6;% 60% 64,//,6;% 6c% r.#0$).$;$<^% S$c60$% )% tutela% P);% S$% /(PP$//b
);R% Q(S*,P% )(.#60,.R^D48% % "#$% Q06P$<(0$% .6% c(*D58%
,;76d$%)%tutela%,/%/,4Q*$N%);%,;<,7,<()*%4)R%
P64Q*),;2%O,.#6(.%.#$%),<%6c%)%*)OR$02%.6%);R% Y0.,P*$% L>% 6c% .#$% T6*64S,);% T6;/.,.(.,6;%
j(<-$% O,.#% j(0,/<,P.,6;% 67$0% .#$% <,/Q(.$D49% <,P.).$/%.#).%.#$%tutela%,/%6;*R%.6%S$%(.,*,/$<%
YQQ*,P);./% #)7$% S06)<% 0,-#./% .6% )QQ*R% c60% O#$0$% ;6% 6.#$0% j(<,P,)*% 4$P#);,/4/% )0$%
.#$4/$*7$/% );<% .6% #)7$% 6.#$0/% )QQ*R% 6;% )7),*)S*$D% V;% Q0)P.,P$2% .#,/% 0$'(,0$4$;.% #)/%
.#$,0%S$#)*c%,;%P)/$/%O#$;%.#$R%P);;6.%Q06b )*/6%S$$;%/6c.$;$<%SR%.#$%0$-(*).,;-%/.).(.$%
.$P.%.#$4/$*7$/DD50%%"#$%tutela%Q$.,.,6;%;$$<% );<% j(<,P,)*% ,;.$0Q0$.).,6;D% "#$% )7),*)S,*,.R%
6;*R%P6;.),;%.#$%S)/,P%c)P./%;$P$//)0R%c60%.#$% 6c% 6.#$0% 0$4$<,$/2% .#$0$c60$2% ,/% )//$//$<% ,;%
j(<-$% .6% )<<0$//% .#$% P)/$2% /(P#% )/% .#$% Q)0b *,-#.% 6c% .#$% )QQ*,P);.^/% Q6/,.,6;2% );<% .#$% $cb
.,$/% ,;% '($/.,6;% );<% .#$% 0,-#.% .#0$).$;$<D51% c$P.,7$;$//% 6c% 6.#$0% 6Q.,6;/% c60% .#).% )QQ*,b
"#$0$% ,/% ;6% c604)*% O0,..$;% Q06P$//2% );<% ,;% P);.D%\60$67$02%.#$%tutela%P);%S$%,;76d$<%)/%
/64$%P)/$/2%,.%4)R%$7$;%S$%7$0S)*D52%
);%,;.$0,4%4$)/(0$%,;%P)/$/%O#$0$%,00$4$<,b
)S*$%<)4)-$%O6(*<%6.#$0O,/$%0$/(*.D59%
];P$% )% tutela% #)/% S$$;% /(S4,..$<2% ,.% ,/% ,;b
P(4S$;.%(Q6;%.#$%j(<-$/%.6%0$/Q6;<%O,.#,;% :,4,.).,6;/% )0$% )*/6% Q0$/$;.% c60% P)/$/% ,;%
7$0R% *,4,.$<% .,4$% c0)4$/D% B;*$//% .#$% tutela% O#,P#% )% tutela% ,/% ,;76d$<% )-),;/.% Q0,7).$%
,/%0$7,$O$<%60%)QQ$)*$<2%,.%4(/.%S$%0(*$<%6;% ,;<,7,<()*/D% "#$% *)O% 4)d$/% Q067,/,6;% c60% )%
O,.#,;%1?%<)R/D53%%V;%/(42%,.%,/%)%c)/.2%)PP$/b ;(4S$0% 6c% P,0P(4/.);P$/% ,;% O#,P#% )% tutela%
/,S*$%.66*%c60%.#$%$;c60P$4$;.%6c%c(;<)4$;b ,/%Q6//,S*$%)-),;/.%Q0,7).$%,;<,7,<()*/D%"#$/$%
.)*%0,-#./D%"#,/%c)P.%4(/.%-6%/64$%O)R%.6%$Mb )0$%*,4,.$<%.6%/,.().,6;/%O#$0$%)%Q0,7).$%)Pb
Q*),;,;-%,./%Q6Q(*)0,.RD%V;%,./%_,0/.%c(**%R$)0%6c% .60%$M$0P,/$/%)%Q(S*,P%c(;P.,6;2%60%.#$0$%,/%)%
6Q$0).,6;2%L2?>?%tutela%<$P,/,6;/%O$0$%/(Sb Q)0.,P(*)0% 0$*).,6;/#,Q% 6c% <,/)<7);.)-$% S$b
4,..$<%.6%.#$%T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%T6(0.2%O#,P#%0$b .O$$;%.#$%Q)0.,$/D60%%3$;P$2%O#,*$%.#$%tutela%
P$,7$/%)**%tutelas%.6%P6;/,<$0%c60%<,/P0$.,6;b )P./% .6% /64$% <$-0$$% )/% )% P#$Pd% 6;% Q0,7).$%
)0R%0$7,$OD54%%AR%I??82%.#).%);;()*%;(4S$0% Q6O$02% .#$0$% ,/% ;6% O,<$b0);-,;-% /R/.$4% 6c%
#)<% 0$)P#$<% II12JFL2% );<% .6.)**$<% )06(;<% tutelas%)-),;/.%,;<,7,<()*/D61%
12F??2???% tutelas% /,;P$% .#$,0% $/.)S*,/#4$;.%
1F%R$)0/%$)0*,$0D55%

The Equal Rights Review, Vol. One (2008)

55

Y%j(<-$%P);%60<$0%)%O,<$%0);-$%6c%0$4$<,$/%
c60% tutela% )QQ*,P);./D% Y% S06)<% 0);-$% 6c% Q06b
7,/,6;)*% 0$4$<,$/% )0$% $;7,/)-$<% SR% .#$% *)O2%
c064% .#$% /(/Q$;/,6;% 6c% .#$% )P.% ,;% '($/.,6;2%
.6%4$)/(0$/%.6%Q06.$P.%.#$%0,-#.%60%*,4,.%.#$%
#)04D62% % "#$% Q06.$P.,6;% Q067,<$<% SR% _,;)*%
j(<-4$;.% ,/% ,;.$;<$<2% ,;/6c)0% )/% Q6//,S*$2%
.6%0$.(0;%.#$%Q$.,.,6;$0%.6%.#$,0%$)0*,$0%Q6/,b
.,6;%,;%.#$%P)/$%6c%)%Q6/,.,7$%)P.2%60%,;%P)/$/%6c%
64,//,6;/%60%0$j$P.,6;/2%.6%P64Q$*%.#$%S6<R%
.6% Q06.$P.% .#$% 0,-#.D63% % V4Q60.);.*R2% .#$/$%
0$4$<,$/% $M.$;<% .6% )% <$P*)0).,6;% 6c% (;P6;b
/.,.(.,6;)*,.R2% O#,P#% P);% #)7$% O,<$/Q0$)<%
,4Q*,P).,6;/% 6;% .#$% Q067,/,6;% 6c% Q(S*,P% /$0b
7,P$/D
Critically Assessing the Colombian
System
&'()*,.R%*)O2%,;%,./%4);R%c604/2%,/%)*O)R/%);%
$MQ0$//*R% /6P,6b*$-)*% $;.$0Q0,/$D% =#,*$% )**%
c604/% 6c% *)O% $M,/.% O,.#,;% )% /6P,)*% P6;.$M.2%
.#,/%,/%Q)0.,P(*)0*R%.0($%6c%$[%60./%.6%P64S).%
<,/P0,4,;).,6;2%,./$*c%)%/6P,)*%Q#$;64$;6;D%
"#$0$c60$2% O#,*$% .#$% P#)0)P.$0,/.,P/% 6c% .#$%
T6*64S,);%*$-)*%/R/.$4%6(.*,;$<%)S67$%)0$%
P$;.0)*%.6%(;<$0/.);<,;-%.#$%*$-)*%/,.().,6;2%
.#$R%c604%6;*R%Q)0.%6c%.#$%*)0-$0%'($/.,6;/%6c%
*$-)*%$c_,P)PRD%"#$%j)00,;-%P6;.0)/.%S$.O$$;%
.#$% $7,<$;.% <,/P0,4,;).,6;% );<% <,/)<7);b
.)-$%Q0$/$;.%,;%T6*64S,);%/6P,$.R2%O,.#%.#$%
Q06-0$//,7$%P)/$%*)O%$7,<$;.%,;%.#$%P6(0./2%
4(/.%Q064Q.%'($/.,6;/%6c%$[%$P.,7$;$//D
"#$%tutela%4$P#);,/4%#)/%S$$;%.#$%/(Sj$P.%
6c% P6;.067$0/R% O,.#,;% T6*64S,);% j(<,P,)*%
P,0P*$/D%a64$%#)7$%<,)-;6/$<%T6*64S,);%/6b
P,$.R%O,.#%r.(.$*,.,/^2%O#,P#%#)/%$M)P$0S).$<%
.#$%)*0$)<R%*,.,-,6(/%;).(0$%6c%.#$%T6*64S,);%
j(/.,P$% /R/.$4D64% \);R% j(<-$/2% Q)0.,P(*)0*R%
.#6/$%6(./,<$%.#$%T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%T6(0.2%#)7$%
P64Q*),;$<% )S6(.% .#$% ,;P0$)/$<% O60d*6)<D%
];$%j(<-$%$7$;%P64Q*),;$<%.#).%.#$%Q06*,cb
$0).,6;%6c%tutelas%#)<%P6;.0,S(.$<%.6%.#$%<$b
7$*6Q4$;.%6c%);%(*P$0D65%%"#$0$%P);%S$%*,..*$%

<6(S.%.#).%4);R%tutelas%)0$%c0,76*6(/266%%S(.%
.#,/% ;$$<% ;6.% S$% )% <)4;,;-% P0,.,P,/4D% "#$%
6;$b'()0.$0%6c%tutela%)P.,6;/%O#,P#%)0$%/(Pb
P$//c(*% ,;<,P).$% .#$% O0,.% /$07$/% .6% Q06.$P.%
c(;<)4$;.)*%0,-#./%,;%)%/,-;,_,P);.%;(4S$0%
6c%P)/$/D67%%"#$%/.0),;%6;%.#$%j(<,P,)*%/R/.$4%
4(/.%S$%S)*);P$<%)-),;/.%.#$%-66<%<6;$%,;%
.#$/$%P)/$/D
=#,*$%.#$%)O)0$;$//%6c%.#$%tutela%)/%);%6Q.,6;%
c60%60<,;)0R%P,.,k$;/%#)/%0$/(*.$<%,;%,./%#$)7R%
(/$2%,.%#)/%)*/6%P6;.0,S(.$<%.6%.#$%,;P0$)/$<%
)O)0$;$//%6c%c(;<)4$;.)*%0,-#./%O,.#,;%.#$%
T6*64S,);%/6P,$.RD%\60$67$02%,.%)QQ$)0/%.#).%
.#$% 7$0R% Q0$//(0$% )QQ*,$<% .6% .#$% j(<-$/% (;b
<$0%.#$%.,4$b*,4,.$<%tutela%/R/.$4%,/%).%*$)/.%
Q)0.*R% 0$/Q6;/,S*$% c60% .#$% Q6Q(*)0,.R% 6c% .#$%
O0,.D% 960% $M)4Q*$2% 6;$% /.(<R% c6(;<% KKu% 6c%
0$/Q6;<$;./%S$*,$7$<%.#$%tutela%#$*Q$<%67$0b
P64$% ,;$c_,P,$;PR% ,;% .#$% T6*64S,);% j(<,P,)*%
/R/.$4D68% % V;% .(0;2% .#$% 67$0O#$*4,;-% Q6Q(b
*)0,.R%);<%.#$%$)/R%)PP$//,S,*,.R%6c%.#$%tutela%
#)7$%#$*Q$<%S(,*<%)%P(*.(0$%6c%0,-#./%O,.#,;%
T6*64S,)D69%%V;%/,.().,6;/%O#$0$%)%P(*.(0$%6c%
*$-)*,.R%,/%)/%,4Q60.);.%)/%.#$%;).(0$%6c%.#$%
*)O%,./$*c2%.#,/%,/%)%Q)0.,P(*)0*R%,4Q60.);.%)<b
7);P$D70%
Y.%.#$%/)4$%.,4$2%.#$%*,4,./%6c%.#$%tutela%);<%
.#$%*$-)*%/R/.$4%).%*)0-$%4(/.%)*/6%S$%0$P6-b
;,/$<D% Y% P(*.(0$% 6c% ,4Q(;,.R% /.,**% Q0$7),*/% ,;%
Q)0./%6c%.#$%T6*64S,);%Q6*,.,P)*%/R/.$4D%"#$%
P6;.,;(,;-%Q06S*$4%6c%$M.0)bj(<,P,)*%d,**,;-/%
SR% /$P(0,.R% c60P$/% ,/% S(.% 6;$% )/Q$P.% 6c% .#,/%
<,c_,P(*.RD71% % Y.% .,4$/2% .#$% .$;/,6;/% S$.O$$;%
.#$%P6(0./%);<%X0$/,<$;.%B0,S$%#)7$%7$0-$<%
6;%<$7$*6Q,;-%,;.6%)%4)j60%Q6*,.,P)*%P0,/,/D72%
&'()**R2%S$-,;;,;-%,;%I??12%.#$%,;.$0c$0$;P$%
O,.#% j(<,P,)*% ,;7$/.,-).,6;/% SR% .#$% X06/$P(b
.60b5$;$0)*2% )% Q6*,.,P)*% )QQ6,;.$$2% #)/% )*/6%
)<<$<%.6%.#$%/(--$/.,6;%.#).%.#$%0(*$%6c%*)O%,/%
R$.%.6%S$%_,04*R%$;.0$;P#$<%O,.#,;%.#$%P64b
Q*$M% Q6*,.,P/% 6c% T6*64S,)D73% % =,.#6(.% .#$/$%
c6(;<).,6;)*%$*$4$;./2%.#$%P#);-$/%0$;<$0$<%
SR% tutelas% );<% P6;/.,.(.,6;)*% <$P,/,6;/% 0$b

The Equal Rights Review, Vol. One (2008)

56

4),;% *,4,.$<D% @$7$0.#$*$//2% 0$P6-;,/,;-% .#$% #$*Q%P#);-$%P(*.(0$%);<%Q6*,.,P/%.6%/64$%$Mb


*,4,./% 6c% .#$% T6;/.,.(.,6;)*% T6(0.% ;$$<% ;6.% .$;.2%S(.%,.%,/%)*/6%/(Sj$P.%.6%S6.#D
0$;<$0%,.%O#6**R%,00$*$7);.2%);<%,.%P6;.,;($/%
.6%4)d$%,4Q60.);.%<$P,/,6;/%,;%#,-#*RbQ6*,.,b Conclusion
P,/$<%_,$*</D74%
T6*64S,)^/% P6;/.,.(.,6;)*% /R/.$4% /$07$/% )/%
Y.%.#$%c6(;<).,6;%6c%46/.%)/Q$P./%6c%<,/P0,4b );%$M)4Q*$%6c%S6.#%.#$%Q6.$;.,)*%);<%.#$%*,4b
,;).,6;% );<% ,;$'()*,.R% ,;% T6*64S,)% )0$% c(;b ,./% 6c% .#$% *$-)*% 0$-(*).,6;% 6c% $'()*,.RD% 9064%
<)4$;.)*%/.0(P.(0)*%,//($/D%@)0P6b.0)c_,Pd,;-% .#$% Q$0/Q$P.,7$% 6c% $'()*,.R% *)O2% .#$% 1UU1%
);<%.#$%$;<(0,;-%P6;_*,P.%)0$%4)j60%P6;.0,Sb T6;/.,.(.,6;% );<% ,./% *$-)*% #$0,.)-$% 6c% 0,-#./%
(.60/% .6% Q67$0.R% );<% 4,/.0$).4$;.D% =#,*$% );<%)PP$//%.6%j(/.,P$%4(/.%S$%P6;/,<$0$<%)/%
.#$%*)O%4)R2%c60%$M)4Q*$2%S$%P)**$<%(Q6;%.6% )% 46<$*% c60% <$7$*6Q4$;.% ,;% 6.#$0% _,$*</D% V;%
.0$).% .#$% 7,P.,4/% 6c% <,/Q*)P$4$;.% $'()**R2% ,.% Q)0.,P(*)02%.#$%0$)<R%)PP$//%.6%.#$%tutela%)Pb
,/%S$R6;<%.#$%0$)P#%6c%.#$%*)O%)*6;$%.6%Q0$b .,6;%#)/%$4Q6O$0$<%4);R%P,.,k$;/%O,.#%.#$%
7$;.%.#$%<,/Q06Q60.,6;).$%,4Q)P.%6c%.#$%P6;b P)Q)P,.R%.6%Q06.$P.%.#$,0%c(;<)4$;.)*%0,-#./D%
_*,P.% 6;% .#$% ,;<,-$;6(/% );<% Yc06bT6*64S,);% a6% .662% #6O$7$02% <6$/% .#$% /.).$% 6c% <,/P0,4,b
Q6Q(*).,6;D75%%\60$67$02%O#,*$%.#$%T6;/.,.(b ;).,6;% ,;% T6*64S,)% /.);<% )/% )% .$/.)4$;.% .6%
.,6;%4)R%<$4);<%.#$%$'()*%.0$).4$;.%6c%4$;% .#$% *,4,./% 6c% *)OD% =,.#,;% .#$% P64Q*$M% );<%
);<% O64$;2% ,.% P);% 6;*R% )..$;<% .6% .#$% /6P,)*% .(4(*.(6(/% Q6*,.,P)*% $;7,06;4$;.% .#).% Q$0b
,;/.,.(.,6;% 6c% 4)P#,/46% ,;<,0$P.*RD% Y.% .#$/$% /,/./%,;%T6*64S,)2%,.%,/%P*$)0%.#).%.#$%Q064,/$%
4)0-,;/2% .#$% 0$)*,/).,6;% 6c% $'()*,.R% c)**/% )/% 6c%$'()*,.R%4(/.%S$%<$*,7$0$<%SR%.#$%-67$0;b
4(P#% ,;% .#$% 0$)*4% 6c% Q6*,.,P/% );<% <$7$*6Qb 4$;.%)/%4(P#%)/%SR%.#$%P6(0./D
4$;.%)/%,.%<6$/%,;%.#$%0$)*4%6c%*)OD%:)O%4)R%

%%%X).0,Pd%W$*);$R%,/%-0)<().$%6c%.#$%Y(/.0)*,);%B;,7$0/,.R%GAYl::AG36;/H2%B;,7$0/,.R%\$<)*H%);<%]Mc60<%B;,b
7$0/,.R%GAT:H%O#$0$%#$%O)/%)%T*)0$;<6;%);<%9),0c)M%/P#6*)0D%3$%*,7$<%,;%A6-6.)2%T6*64S,)%<(0,;-%.#$%<0)c.,;-%
6c%.#,/%)0.,P*$D%3$%,/%Q0$/$;.*R%O60d,;-%,;%.#$%V;.$0;).,6;)*%:)O%A0);P#%6c%.#$%BC%\,;,/.0R%6c%Z(/.,P$D
2
%%@).,6;)*%Y<4,;,/.0).,7$%W$Q)0.4$;.%6c%a.).,/.,P%GWY@&HD%oX6Q(*).,6;%T6(;.$0p2%)7),*)S*$%).%#..QNllOOOD
<);$D-67DP6l0$*6jl0$*6jt);,4)<6DQ#Q%G)PP$//$<%8%Z);()0R2%I??LHD
3
%%%960%)%c(**%<,/P(//,6;%6c%T6*64S,);%#,/.60R2%/$$%a)[%60<2%90);d%);<%\)0P6%X)*)P,6/D%90)-4$;.$<%:);<2%W,7,<$<%
a6P,$.R%GI??IHD%960%)%4(P#%S0,$c$0%,;.06<(P.,6;%O,.#%)%46<$0;%c6P(/2%/$$%B;,.$<%a.).$/%W$Q)0.4$;.%6c%a.).$D%
oT6*64S,)N%A)Pd-06(;<%@6.$p2%)7),*)S*$%).%#..QNllOOOD/.).$D-67l0lQ)l$,lS-;lJ8K8FD#.4%G)PP$//$<%I%Z);(b
)0R2%I??LHD
4
%%%a$$2%c60%);%$MP$**$;.%67$07,$O%6c%O)0%);<%Q6*,.,P/%,;%46<$0;%T6*64S,)2%a;P#$k2%56;k)*6%5D%o=)0%);<%X6*,b
.,P/%,;%T6*64S,);%a6P,$.Rp%GI???H%1F%International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society%1UD
5
%%%X0$/,<$;./%A$.);P(0%);<%X)/.0);)%Q0$/,<$<%67$0%.#$/$%(;/(PP$//c(*%;$-6.,).,6;/N%/$$%B;,.$<%a.).$/%W$Q)0.b
4$;.%6c%a.).$2%)S67$%;6.$%ID
6
%%%"(c.2%&7)%V0$;$D%oV;.$-0).,;-%)%5$;<$0%X$0/Q$P.,7$%,;%T6;_*,P.%+$/6*(.,6;N%"#$%T6*64S,);%T)/$p2%,;%adj$*/b
S)$d2%V;-$0%);<%W);%a4,.#%G$</DH2%5$;<$02%X$)P$2%);<%T6;_*,P.%GI??1H%1JUD
7
%%%V;.$0;).,6;)*%T0,/,/%506(QD%oT6*64S,)^/%@$O%V**$-)*%Y04$<%506(Q/p2%:).,;%Y4$0,P)%+$Q60.%@6%I?2%GI??KHD
8
% % % B;,.$<% @).,6;/% 3,-#% T644,//,6;$0% c60% 3(4);% +,-#./D% o+$Q60.% 6c% .#$% B;,.$<% @).,6;/% 3,-#% T644,/b
/,6;$0% c60% 3(4);% +,-#./% 6;% .#$% a,.().,6;% 6c% 3(4);% +,-#./% ,;% T6*64S,)p2% B@% W6P% Yl3+TlFlFL% GI??KH% 8g%
3(4);% +,-#./% =).P#D% o=60*<% +$Q60.% I??KN% T6*64S,)p% GI??KH2% )7),*)S*$% ).% #..QNll#0OD60-l$;-*,/#O0IdKl
<6P/lI??Kl?1l11lP6*64S1FLLFD#.4%G)PP$//$<%II%W$P$4S$02%I??KHD
9
% % % V;.$0;)*% W,/Q*)P$4$;.% \6;,.60,;-% T$;.0$D% oY*46/.% F% \,**,6;% T6*64S,);/% W,/Q*)P$<% SR% m,6*$;P$% A$b
1

The Equal Rights Review, Vol. One (2008)

57

.O$$;% 1UL8% );<% I??Kp2% )7),*)S*$% ).% #..QNllOOOD,;.$0;)*b<,/Q*)P$4$;.D60-l,<4PlO$S/,.$lP6(;.0,$/D;/cl


G#..Q&;7$*6Q$/HlTT?8AJ?TFTUF&TU>L?I8K?AL??8YK?U?q]Q$;W6P(4$;.%G)PP$//$<%U%Z);()0R2%I??LHD
10
% % % 960% $M)4Q*$2% L?u% 6c% .#$% 4)446.#% BabT6*64S,)% ),<% Q)Pd)-$% d;6O;% )/% X*);% T6*64S,)% O)/% <$76.$<% .6%
4,*,.)0R%)//,/.);P$D%GV/)P/6;2%Y<)4D%oX*);%T6*64S,)%b%a,M%e$)0/%:).$0p2%T$;.$0%c60%V;.$0;).,6;)*%X6*,PR%+$Q60.%
GI??>HDH
11
%%%V.%#)/%Q067$;%Q)0.,P(*)0*R%<,c_,P(*.%.6%6S.),;%)PP(0).$%_,-(0$/%6;%.#$%/,k$%6c%.#$%Yc06bT6*64S,);%Q6Q(*).,6;2%
);<%4(P#%<$Q$;</%6;%.#$%4$)/(0$%6c%$.#;,P,.R%(/$<D%YPP60<,;-%.6%6;$%/6(0P$2%I>u%6c%.#$%T6*64S,);%Q6Q(*)b
.,6;%#)7$%/64$%Yc0,P);%S*66<D%Ga)*)k)02%3$0;);<6D%oT6*64S,)%#)P,)%*)%,;.$-0)P,;%0)P,)*qp2%AAT%@$O/%G:6;<6;H2%
I8%\)R2%I??K2%)7),*)S*$%).%#..QNll;$O/DSSPDP6D(dl#,l/Q);,/#l*).,;t)4$0,P)l;$O/,<t>>U1???l>>U1J?UD/.4%
G)PP$//$<%II%W$P$4S$02%I??KHDH%36O$7$02%-67$0;4$;.%_,-(0$/2%O#,P#%0$*R%6;%/$*cb,<$;.,_,P).,6;2%Q(.%.#$%_,-b
(0$%).%1?D>IuD%G@).,6;)*%Y<4,;,/.0).,7$%W$Q)0.4$;.%6c%a.).,/.,P/%GWY@&HD%oT6*64S,)N%B;)%@)P,;%W,7$0/)p%
GI??KH%)7),*)S*$%).%#..QNllOOOD<);$D-67DP6l_,*$/lP$;/6I??8l$.;,)l/R/lP6*64S,)t;)P,6;DQ<c%G)PP$//$<%I?%
W$P$4S$02%I??KHDH
12
%%%V;.$0bY4$0,P);%T644,//,6;%6;%3(4);%+,-#./D%oY;;()*%+$Q60.%6c%.#$%VYT3+2%I??>p%GI??>H%)7),*)S*$%).%
#..QNllOOODP,<#D60-l);;()*0$QlI??>$;-lT#)QDF)D#.4%G)PP$//$<%1L%W$P$4S$02%I??KHD
13
%%%@).,6;)*%&P6;64,P%);<%a6P,)*%X6*,PR%T6(;P,*2%@).,6;)*%X*);;,;-%W$Q)0.4$;.D%oYc_,04).,7$%YP.,6;%X6*,PR%c60%
.#$%A*)Pd%60%Yc06bT6*64S,);%X6Q(*).,6;p2%W6P(4$;.%T]@X&a%JJ1?%GI??FHD
14
%%%a)*)k)02%)S67$%;6.$%1?D
15
%%%V;.$0bY4$0,P);%T644,//,6;%6;%3(4);%+,-#./2%)S67$%;6.$%11D
16
%%%a)*)k)02%)S67$%;6.$%1?D
17
%%%B;,.$<%@).,6;/%3,-#%T644,//,6;$0%c60%3(4);%+,-#./2%)S67$%;6.$%K2%18D
18
%%@).,6;)*%X*);;,;-%W$Q)0.4$;.%GW@XH2%W,0$P.60).$%6c%a(/.),;)S*$%"$00,.60,)*%W$7$*6Q4$;.D%o"#$%V;<,-$;6(/%
X$6Q*$/%6c%T6*64S,)%6;%.#$%"#0$/#6*<%6c%.#$%@$O%\,**$;;,(4p%GI??FH%JJD
19
%%%VS,<D
20
%%%B;,.$<%@).,6;/%3,-#%T644,//,6;$0%c60%3(4);%+,-#./2%)S67$%;6.$%K2%F?D
21
%%VS,<2%18D
22
%%%VS,<D
23
%%%VS,<D
24
%%%+$<,;-2%Y;<0$OD%oa$M()*%]0,$;.).,6;%);<%3(4);%+,-#./%,;%.#$%Y4$0,P)/p2%=60*<%X6*,PR%+$Q60./2%X06j$P.%c60%
5*6S)*%W$46P0)PR%);<%3(4);%+,-#./2%=60*<%X6*,PR%V;/.,.(.$%GI??JH%J8b>D
25
%%%B;,.$<%@).,6;/%3,-#%T644,//,6;$0%c60%3(4);%+,-#./2%)S67$%;6.$%K2%FJD
26
%%B@%aQ$P,)*%+)QQ60.$(0%6;%m,6*$;P$%Y-),;/.%=64$;D%o+$Q60.%6c%.#$%B@%aQ$P,)*%+)QQ60.$(0%6;%m,6*$;P$%
Y-),;/.%=64$;2%\,//,6;%.6%T6*64S,)p2%B@%W6P%&lT@DFlI??IlLJlY<<DJ%GI??1H%1JD%a$$%)*/6%Y4;$/.R%V;.$0b
;).,6;)*D%oT6*64S,)N%aP)00$<%A6<,$/2%3,<<$;%T0,4$/N%a$M()*%m,6*$;P$%Y-),;/.%=64$;%,;%.#$%Y04$<%T6;_*,P.p2%
Y4;$/.R%V;.$0;).,6;)*%+$Q60.%@6D%IJl?F?lI??F%GI??FH%I>g%B;,.$<%@).,6;/%3,-#%T644,//,6;$0%c60%3(4);%
+,-#./2%)S67$%;6.$%K2%J>bKD
27
%%%Y0.#(0%Y*$M,/D%o%+(*$%6c%:)O%c60%=64$;qN%=64$;2%:)O%);<%W$7$*6Q4$;.%,;%T6*64S,)p2%(;Q(S*,/#$<%4);(b
/P0,Q.2%6;%_,*$%O,.#%)(.#60%GI??KHD
28
%%%VS,<D
29
%%%&'()*,.R%@6OD%oa(S4,//,6;%.6%.#$%B;,.$<%@).,6;/%T644,//,6;%6;%3(4);%+,-#./p%G1UUKH2%)7),*)S*$%6;*,;$%
).% OOOD$'()*,.R;6OD60-l$;-*,/#lP)4Q),-;/l(;l(;#0Pt0$Q60./l(;#0PtP6*64S,)t$;DQ<c% G)PP$//$<% 1L% W$b
P$4S$02%I??KHD
30
%%%B;,.$<%@).,6;/%3,-#%T644,//,6;$0%c60%3(4);%+,-#./2%)S67$%;6.$%K2%1FD
31
%%%VS,<D
32
%%%VS,<D
33
%%%Y0.,P*$%1J2%T6;/.,.(.,6;%6c%T6*64S,)2%1UU1D
34
%%%=#,*$%,4Q*,P,.%,;%.#$%_,0/.%Q)0)-0)Q#%6c%Y0.,P*$%1J2%.#,/%,/%4)<$%460$%$MQ*,P,.%,;%.#$%/$P6;<N%o"#$%a.).$%/#)**%
Q0646.$%.#$%;$P$//)0R%P6;<,.,6;/%c60%0$)*%);<%$[%$P.,7$%$'()*,.R%);<%.)d$%)P.,6;%6;%S$#)*c%6c%-06(Q/%.#).%)0$%
<,/P0,4,;).$<%)-),;/.%);<%4)0-,;)*,k$<pD
35
%%%960%)%c(**%.)S*$%6c%.#$%0,-#./%0$*$7);.%.6%,;<,-$;6(/%P644(;,.,$/2%/$$%@).,6;)*%X*);;,;-%W$Q)0.4$;.%GW@XH2%
)S67$%;6.$%1K2%8ID
36
%%%Y0.,P*$%UJ2%T6;/.,.(.,6;%6c%T6*64S,)D

The Equal Rights Review, Vol. One (2008)

58

%%%T)0,)/2%Y**);%A0$O$0D%oa64$%Y/Q$P./%6c%.#$%rY4Q)06^%X06P$$<,;-%,;%:).,;%Y4$0,P)%)/%)%T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%Z(<,b
P,)*%\$);%aQ$P,_,P)**R%&/.)S*,/#$<%c60%.#$%X06.$P.,6;%6c%3(4);%+,-#./p2%B;,7$0/,.R%6c%\)0R*);<%aP#66*%6c%:)O%
T6**6'(,(4%X)Q$0%GI??KH%1?2%)7),*)S*$%6;*,;$%).%#..QNll<,-,.)*P6446;/D*)OD(4)0R*);<D$<(l,P*PtQ)Q$0/lIl%
G)PP$//$<%II%@67$4S$02%I??KHD
38
%%%a$$2%c60%$M)4Q*$2%P)/$%TbFL1%6c%1UUL2%6;%#646/$M()*%.$)P#$0/%);<%P)/$%Tb8?K6c%1UUU%6;%-)R/%,;%.#$%4,*,b
.)0RD%"#$/$%);<%6.#$0%T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%T6(0.%P)/$/%P);%S$%)PP$//$<%.#06(-#%.#$%T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%T6(0.%O$S/,.$%).%
#..QNllOOODP6;/.,.(P,6;)*D-67DP6lP60.$lD
39
%%%a$$%P)/$%Tb8J?%6c%1UUJD
40
%%%:Q$k%a.,0(Q2%3$;0,dD%oW,/P0,4,;)P,;%$;%*)%j(0,/Q0(<$;P,)%P6;/.,.(P,6;)*%<$%T6*64S,)p2%X)Q$0%Q0$/$;.$<%
.6%.#$%Y;<$);%T644,//,6;%6c%Z(0,/./%Y;<$);%+$-,6;)*%T6(0/$%c60%:)O%X06c$//60/%);<%]c_,P,)*/%6c%@6;b567$0;b
4$;.%3(4);%+,-#./%]0-);,/).,6;/%GI??IH%>2%)7),*)S*$%6;*,;$%).%OOODP)jQ$D60-DQ$l+VZlS)/$/l;6<,/P0,4,;)b
P,6;l:]X&~DXW9%G)PP$//$<%II%@67$4S$02%I??KHD
41
%%%a$$%P)/$%TbFL1%6c%1UULD
42
%%%a(P#%)/%.#6/$%*,/.$<%,;%Y0.,P*$%1JN%/$M2%0)P$2%;).,6;)*%60%c)4,*R%60,-,;2%*);-()-$2%0$*,-,6;2%Q6*,.,P)*%6Q,;,6;%60%
Q#,*6/6Q#RD%"#,/%*,/.%,/%;6;b$M#)(/.,7$N%/$$%P)/$/%TbFL1%6c%1UUL%);<%Tb11I%6c%I???D
43
%%%a$$%P)/$%Tb>KJ%6c%I??1D
44
%%%VS,<D
45
%%%a$$%P)/$%Tb11I%6c%I???D
46
%%%a$$%P)/$%Tb1JF%6c%1UUFD
47
%%%960%);%,;.06<(P.,6;%);<%P64Q)0,/6;%6c%.#$%7)0,6(/%c604/%6c%tutela2%60%amparo2%/$$%A0$O$02%)S67$%;6.$%J>D
48
%%%Y0.,P*$%L>2%T6;/.,.(.,6;%6c%T6*64S,)%Gr*)%Q06.$PP,;%,;4$<,).)%<$%/(/%<$0$P#6/%P6;/.,.(P,6;)*$/%c(;<)b
4$;.)*$/2%P();<6%'(,$0)%'($%{/.6/%0$/(*.$;%7(*;$0)<6/%6%)4$;)k)<6/%Q60%*)%)PP,;%6%*)%64,/,;%<$%P()*'(,$0%
)(.60,<)<%QS*,P)^HD
49
%%%Y0.,P*$%1?2%W$P0$$%I8U1%6c%1UU1D%"#,/%);<%6.#$0%/.).(.$/%P);%S$%c6(;<%.#06(-#%.#$%A);d%6c%.#$%+$Q(S*,P%
*$-)*%Q60.)*2%)7),*)S*$%).%#..QNllj(0,/P6*DS);0$QD-67DP6NL?L?lD
50
%%%VS,<D
51
%%%VS,<2%Y0.,P*$%1FD
52
%%%VS,<D
53
%%VS,<2%Y0.,P*$%IUg%Y0.,P*$%L>2%T6;/.,.(.,6;%6c%T6*64S,)D
54
%%%T$Q$<)%&/Q,;6/)2%\);($*%Z6/{D%o36O%9)0%\)R%T6*64S,)^/%T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%T6(0.%56%.6%X06.$P.%VWX%+,-#./p2%
Forced Migration Review%GW$P$4S$02%I??>H%I1bID
55
%%%VS,<D
56
%%%Y0.,P*$/%11bF12%T6;/.,.(.,6;%6c%T6*64S,)D
57
%%%a$$%P)/$%"bF?>%6c%1UUIg%T,c($;.$/%\(6k2%&<()0<6D%o:)%YPP,;%<$%"(.$*)%$;%T6*64S,)p%JG1H%V(/%&.%X0)M,/%
1>8b>D
58
%%%\60-);2%\)0.#)%VD%%o")d,;-%\)P#,/46%.6%T6(0.N%.#$%5$;<$0%Z(0,/Q0(<$;P$%6c%.#$%T6*64S,);%T6;/.,.(.,6;)*%
T6(0.p%G1UUUH%J?%University of Miami Inter-American Law Review I8J2%IKLD
59
%%%T,c($;.$/2%)S67$%;6.$%8>2%Kg%T)/$%"bII8%6c%1UUJD
60
%%%Y0.,P*$%FI2%W$P0$$%I8U1%6c%1UU1g%T,c($;.$/2%)S67$%;6.$%8>2%>D%"#$0$%)0$%)*/6%/64$%Q067,/,6;/%c60%tutela%)Pb
.,6;/%,;%P)/$/%6c%.#$%P600$P.,6;%60%Q06<(P.,6;%6c%,;c604).,6;%#$*<%SR%Q0,7).$%,;<,7,<()*/D
61
%%%T)/$%"bI81%6c%1UUJg%T,c($;.$/2%)S67$%;6.$%8>2%>D
62
%%%Y0.,P*$%K2%W$P0$$%I8U1%6c%1UU1D
63
%%%T,c($;.$/2%)S67$%;6.$%8>2%Ub1?g%Y0.,P*$%IJ2%W$P0$$%I8U1%6c%1UU1D
64
%%%\60-);2%)S67$%;6.$%8K2%J1LbI?D
65
%%%o\)-,/.0)<6/2%P6;%(*P$0)%Q60%.(.$*)/p2%El Tiempo%GA6-6.H2%Y(-D%IK2%1UUKD
66
%%%a$$2%\60-);2%)S67$%;6.$%8K2%J1UbI12%P,.,;-%.#$%$7,<$;P$%6c%Z(<-$%Z6/$%+6S$0.6%3$00$0)%);<%Z(/.,P$%Z60-$%
Y0);-6%\$j,)D
67
% % % \$0P$02% X)4$*)D% oT6*64S,);/% =,;;,;-% i(,Pd% +$<0$//% 9064% T6(0./% O,.#% =0,./p2% New York Times% G@$O%
e60dH2%@67D%IU2%1UU>2%)7),*)S*$%6;*,;$%).%#..QNll'($0RD;R.,4$/DP64l-/.lc(**Q)-$D#.4*q0$/UW?T&1W91FJT9U
JYY18K8IT1YU>?U8LI>?%G)PP$//$<%8%Z);()0R2%I??LHD
68
%%%VS,<D2%P,.,;-%)%/.(<R%SR%.#$%T$;.0$%6c%Z(<,P,)*%V;7$/.,-).,6;/%).%:6/%Y;<$/%B;,7$0/,.RD
69
%%%T$Q$<)%&/Q,;6/)2%\D%ZD%oW$46P0)PR2%a.).$2%);<%a6P,$.R%,;%.#$%1UU1%T6;/.,.(.,6;N%"#$%+6*$%6c%.#$%T6;/.,.(b
37

The Equal Rights Review, Vol. One (2008)

59

.,6;)*%T6(0.p2%,;%X6/)<)bT)0S62%&<()0<6%G$<DHD%T6*64S,)N%"#$%X6*,.,P/%]c%+$c604,;-%"#$%a.).$%G1UULH%U1D
70
%%%a$$%.#$%P644$;./%6c%A0$O$02%)S67$%;6.$%J>2%IKD%\60$%-$;$0)**R2%/$$%56*(S2%a.$Q#$;D%o"#$%:$-)*%&4Q6O$0b
4$;.%Y*.$0;).,7$p2%,;%T)06.#$0/2%"#64)/%G$<DHD%X0646.,;-%.#$%+(*$%6c%:)O%YS06)<N%V;%a$)0P#%6c%C;6O*$<-$%
GI??>H%J1?D
71
% % % 3(4);% +,-#./% =).P#D% oT6*64S,)N% Ba% T6;-0$//% a#6(*<% \),;.),;% 36*<% 6;% \,*,.)0R% Y,<p% G]P.D% 1L2% I??KH2%
)7),*)S*$% ).% #..QNll#0OD60-l$;-*,/#l<6P/lI??Kl1?l1LlP6*64S1K1J1D#.4% G)PP$//$<% @67$4S$0% II2% I??KHg%
B;,.$<%@).,6;/%3,-#%T644,//,6;$0%c60%3(4);%+,-#./2%)S67$%;6.$%K2%11D
72
% % % 3(4);% +,-#./% =).P#D% oT6*64S,)N% B0,S$% \(/.% +$/Q$P.% Z(<,P,)*% V;<$Q$;<$;P$p% G]P.D% U2% I??KH2% )7),*)S*$%
6;*,;$%).%#..QNll#0OD60-l$;-*,/#l<6P/lI??Kl1?l?UlP6*64S1K?8KD#.4%G)PP$//$<%@67$4S$0%II2%I??KHg%o&*%
X0$/,<$;.$%*7)06%B0,S$%$M,-$%,;7$/.,-)0%$*%60,-$;%<$%(;%.$/.,46;,6%<$%(;%Q)0)4,*,.)0%'($%*6%7,;P(*)%P6;%(;%
)/$/,;).6p2%Semana Magazine%GA6-6.H2%1?%Y(-D2%I??K2%)7),*)S*$%6;*,;$%).%#..QNllOOOD/$4);)DP64lOctV;c6b
Y0.,P(*6D)/QMq,<Y0.1?>KLJ%G)PP$//$<%U%Z);()0R2%I??LHD
73
%%%o]/60,6%<$7)/.%*)%9,/P)*,)p2%El Espectador%GA6-6.H2%8%Z);D2%I??L2%)7),*)S*$%).%#..QNllOOOD$*$/Q$P.)<60D
P64l$*$/Q$P.)<60la$PP,6;$/lW$.)**$/D)/QMq,<@6.,P,)I??I?h,<a$PP,6;II% G)PP$//$<% U% Z);()0R2% I??LHg%
3(4);%+,-#./%=).P#D%oY%=06;-%"(0;N%"#$%+$P60<%6c%.#$%T6*64S,);%Y..60;$R%5$;$0)*^/%]c_,P$p%G@67D%I??IH2%
)7),*)S*$%).%#..QNllOOOD#0OD60-l0$Q60./lI??IlP6*64S,)lP6*64S,)11?IDQ<c%G)PP$//$<%U%Z);()0R2%I??LHD
74
%%%a$$2%c60%$M)4Q*$2%P)/$%TbJK?%6c%I??>2%)<<0$//,;-%.#$%Z(/.,P$%);<%X$)P$%:)O%O#,P#%-67$0;/%.#$%<$46S,*,/)b
.,6;%6c%Q)0)4,*,.)0,$/D%"#,/%,/%<,/P(//$<%,;%T0<6S)%"0,7,62%Z),4$D%oT64(;,P)<6%<$%X0$;/)%a6S0$%*)%W$4);<)%
T6;.0)%*)%:$R%<$%Z(/.,P,)%R%X)k%N%:$R%UK8%<$%I??8p2%X0$//%+$*$)/$2%T60Q60)P,;%T6*$P.,76%<$%YS6-)<6/%G1L%\)R%
I??>HD
75
%%%a$$2%c60%<,/P(//,6;2%T$Q$<)2%)S67$%;6.$%8J2%I1bID

The Equal Rights Review, Vol. One (2008)

You might also like