RESERVOIR

ENGINEERING
Dr.Ir.Sudjati Rachmat,DEA

Reservoir Engineering Models

n Reservoir
n
n
n
n

behavior: includes

average reservoir pressure,

GORs,
WORs
Producing rates, etc.

n Course

will cover traditional

approaches
n When course is complete the
participants should be able to solve
most common reservoir engineering
problems
8

Reservoir Engineering Models

OUTLINE:
n Introduction to reservoir
engineering-approx.7%
n Appraisal of oil and gas fields-10%
n Material balance methods-42%
n Waterflooding and enhanced
recovery-41%
8

Driving Sources of Energy

Reservoir Mechanisms
n Every

reservoir has at least one drive

mechanism
n Relative strengths of each mechanism
may change over time
n Modeling is needed to determine
importance of each mechanism

Natural Water Drive

n Water

displaces
petroleum in the
reservoir
n Invasion of water
results from
reservoir pressure
drop
n Two basic types:
A-Edgewater
drive, BBottomwater drive

A
Areal view

Cross-section

B
8

Rock and Fluid Expansion

n Water

and free gas expand as

pressure decreases
n Rock compresses as reservoir pressure
decreases
n Undersaturated oil expands with
reduced pressure

Gravity drainage
n Enhanced

by low
oil viscosity, high
perm. And high
reservoir dip.
n May result in high
recovery
efficiency, but
slow
n May be important
at late times

wells

Flow

Solution gas drive

n Gas

evolves from
oil as reservoir
pressure
decreases
n Evolved gas
displaces oil from
pores
n Displaced oil
moves in direction
of lowest pressure

Undersaturated
oil
oil

PORE

Saturated oil with

evolved gas

Gas