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CategoryArchives:Franciscovs.Houseof
RepresenteativesG.R.No.160261casedigest
briefsimpeachmenttrialphilippinejurisprudence
JusticeHilarioDavideframeworkoftheconstitution
politicallaw

>FRANCISCOVS.HOUSEOFREPRESENTEATIVES
G.R.NO.160261
PostedonMay7,2010bykrizsexzy
>FACTS:Withinaperiodof1year,2impeachmentproceedingswereledagainstSupremeCourtChief
JusticeHilarioDavide.Thejusticiablecontroversyinthiscasewastheconstitutionalityofthe
subsequentlingofasecondcomplainttocontroverttherulesofimpeachmentprovidedforbylaw.
ISSUE:WhetherornotthelingofthesecondimpeachmentcomplaintagainstChiefJusticeHilarioG.
Davide,Jr.withtheHouseofRepresentativesisconstitutional,andwhethertheresolutionthereofisa
politicalquestionh;asresultedinapoliticalcrisis.
HELD:Sections16and17ofRuleVoftheRulesofProcedureinImpeachmentProceedingswhichwere
approvedbytheHouseofRepresentativesareunconstitutional.Consequently,thesecondimpeachment
complaintagainstChiefJusticeHilarioG.Davide,isbarredunderparagraph5,section3ofArticleXIof
theConstitution.
REASONING:Inpassingoverthecomplexissuesarisingfromthecontroversy,thisCourtisever
mindfuloftheessentialtruththattheinviolatedoctrineofseparationofpowersamongthelegislative,
executiveorjudicialbranchesofgovernmentbynomeansprescribesforabsoluteautonomyinthe
dischargebyeachofthatpartofthegovernmentalpowerassignedtoitbythesovereignpeople.

Atthesametime,thecorollarydoctrineofchecksandbalanceswhichhasbeencarefullycalibratedby

Atthesametime,thecorollarydoctrineofchecksandbalanceswhichhasbeencarefullycalibratedby
theConstitutiontotempertheocialactsofeachofthesethreebranchesmustbegiveneectwithout
destroyingtheirindispensablecoequality.Thereexistsnoconstitutionalbasisforthecontentionthatthe
exerciseofjudicialreviewoverimpeachmentproceedingswouldupsetthesystemofchecksand
balances.Verily,theConstitutionistobeinterpretedasawholeandonesectionisnottobeallowedto
defeatanother.Bothareintegralcomponentsofthecalibratedsystemofindependenceand
interdependencethatinsuresthatnobranchofgovernmentactbeyondthepowersassignedtoitbythe
Constitution.
TheframersoftheConstitutionalsounderstoodinitiationinitsordinarymeaning.Thuswhena
proposalreachedtheoorproposingthatAvoteofatleastonethirdofalltheMembersoftheHouse
shallbenecessarytoinitiateimpeachmentproceedings,thiswasmetbyaproposaltodeletetheline
onthegroundthatthevoteoftheHousedoesnotinitiateimpeachmentproceedingbutrathertheling
ofacomplaintdoes.
Havingconcludedthattheinitiationtakesplacebytheactoflingandreferralorendorsementofthe
impeachmentcomplainttotheHouseCommieeonJusticeor,bythelingbyatleastonethirdofthe
membersoftheHouseofRepresentativeswiththeSecretaryGeneraloftheHouse,themeaningof
Section3(5)ofArticleXIbecomesclear.Onceanimpeachmentcomplainthasbeeninitiated,another
impeachmentcomplaintmaynotbeledagainstthesameocialwithinaoneyearperiod.
TheCourtinthepresentpetitionssubjectedtojudicialscrutinyandresolvedonthemeritsonlythemain
issueofwhethertheimpeachmentproceedingsinitiatedagainsttheChiefJusticetransgressedthe
constitutionallyimposedoneyeartimebarrule.Beyondthis,itdidnotgoaboutassumingjurisdiction
whereithadnone,norindiscriminatelyturnjusticiableissuesoutofdecidedlypoliticalquestions.
BecauseitisnotatallthebusinessofthisCourttoassertjudicialdominanceovertheothertwogreat
branchesofthegovernment.
Toseetheoriginalcopyofthiscase,followthislink
(hp://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2003/nov2003/gr_160261_2003.html)
84WEDZF69WJF
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