Ch(6) Small-Signal Amplifiers

In a small-signal amplifier F the input and the output

signals F small F in comparison to
the dc bias the quiescent operating values of
voltage current
Used the linear models F to predict the performance of
single-stage amplifiers at moderate frequencies

RC COUPLED AMPLIFIERS
Each stage of a multistage amplifier F consists of F an
electronic two-port
biasing network coupling circuits
In RC-Coupled F the output of each transistor F coupled to
the next stage F RL C

Frequency-Response Curve
The voltage gain of one stage of an RC-coupled amplifier
Shown in Fig. 14.1

Ch(6) Small-Signal Amplifiers

Gain F A F constant over F midfrequency range

A F falls of at F f1 f2
The bandwidth F defied by F f1 f2
At the half-power frequencies v

A1 = A 2 = Ao /

= 4 5o

Ch(6) Small-Signal Amplifiers

A Generalized Amplifier

The input signals F vs zs F consist of F sinusoid of F

various amplitudes frequencies F shown as
Effective value phasors
The one stage amplifier F characterized by F zi zo
A =Vo/Vi
AFcomplex function of F f
zL F transducer a following stage
the output F determined F when the frequency response of
the amplifier F known
Small-signal amplifier circuits F shown in the following
Fig.

Ch(6) Small-Signal Amplifiers

RC coupled amplifier F coupling F CC1 CC2 F with

their resistance
Our approach F replacing F complicated circuits by linear
models F respond in the same way to ac signals

Ch(6) Small-Signal Amplifiers

Bias F RS RE CS CE VCC VDD
Appear in the circuit F dont appear in the model
Unintentional elements F CW Cj
Appear in the model F dont appear in the circuit
Source impedance F Rs
Load impedance F CL RL F in parallel
Small-Signal Amplifier Models
It is quite difficult F determination the values of individual
elements Fshown in Fig.
Specific values F depend upon factors v
a. Quiescent F (V I)
b. Operating temperature
c. Characteristics of the following stage
d. Configuration of the physical circuit
Replacing an actual amplifier by a linear circuit model that can
be analyzed is the goal of this analysis

Ch(6) Small-Signal Amplifiers

The model of F FET BJT F similar and hold fairly
well for frequency from F Hz to MHz
General analysis for F series and parallel combinations of
FRC

If FCR 10 F Zser R F within 0.5 %

If FCR 0.1F Zpar R
When FR = 1/C F Zser Zpar F independent of
frequency
Gain F A F independent of frequency over the
midfrequency range F Fig. 14-1

Ch(6) Small-Signal Amplifiers

Series capacitances F important F f < f1
Parallel capacitances F important F f > f2
P.B 14-1F cancelled