11P Work Energy Principle
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Salam Albaradie11P Work Energy Principle
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Salam Albaradie1. The two small 0.
2kg sliders are connected by a light rigid bar and are constrained to
move without friction in the circular slot. The force P=12 N is constant in magnitude and
direction and is applied to the moving slider A. The system starts from rest in the
position shown. Determine the speed of slider A as it passes the initial position of slider
B if (a) the circular track lies in a horizontal plane and if (b) the circular track lies in a
vertical plane. The value of R is 0.8 m.
a) In horizontal plane
U1 2 T2 T1 Vg 2 Vg1 Ve 2 Ve1
2
12 cos 300.8 12 sin 300.8 2 1 m
v
2
2 0.2
v2 8.1 m / s
b) In horizontal plane
Reference line
for part (b)
Nothing changes.
2. Determine the constant force P required to cause the 0.5 kg slider to have a speed v2 = 0.8 m/s
at position 2. The slider starts from rest at position 1 and the unstretched length of the spring of
modulus k = 250 N/m is 200 mm. Neglect friction.
m=0.5 kg v2 = 0.8 m/s rest at position 1 and k = 250 N/m lo=200 mm
Length of cable
l1
l2
2
l1 0.4 2 0.252 0.472 m
l2 0.2 2 0.252 0.32 m
h2=0.2sin15=0.052 m
Reference line
Work by the cable
U1 2 Pl P0.472 0.32 0.152 P
U1 2 T2 T1 Vg 2 Vg1 Ve 2 Ve1
1 2
1
1
2
2
mv2 mgh2 k x2 k x1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
0.152 P 0.50.8 0.59.810.052 2500.45 0.2 2500.25 0.2
2
2
2
0.152 P
P=52.07 N
3. The 2 kg collar is released from rest at A and slides down the inclined fixed rod in
the vertical plane. The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.4. calculate (a) the velocity v
of the collar as it strikes the spring and (b) the maximum deflection x of the spring.
4. The 1.2 kg slider is released from rest in position A and slides without friction
along the verticalplane guide shown. Determine (a) the speed vB of the slider as it
passes position B and (b) the maximum deflection of the spring.
m=1.2 kg determine vB and the maximum deflection of the spring.
a)
U1 2 T2 T1 Vg 2 Vg1 Ve 2 Ve1
3
T2 Vg1 0
v2 9.396 m / s
Datum
b) U 13 T3 T1 Vg 3 Vg1 Ve 3 Ve1
1
mg 1.5 mg 4.5 kx 2 0
2
1.29.811.5 1.29.814.5 1 24000 2 0
2
0.0542 m 54.2 mm
Vg 3 Vg1 Ve3 0
1 2
mv2 mg 4.5 0
2
5. Calculate the horizontal velocity v with which the 20 kg carriage must strike the spring in
order to compress it a maximum of 100 mm. The spring is known as a hardening spring,
since its stiffness increases with deflection as shown in the accompanying graph.
v1
U1 2 T2 T1 Vg 2 Vg1 Ve 2 Ve1
T1 Ve 2 0
1
20 v12
2
0.1
10 x 20 x 1000dx 0
2
0.1
20 3
x 0
10v12 1000 5 x 2
3 0
v1 2.38 m / s
6. The light rod is pivoted at O and carries the 2 and 4kg particles. If the rod is
released from rest at =60o and swings in the vertical plane, calculate (a) the
velocity v of the 2 kg particle just before it hits the spring in the dashed position and
(b) the maximum compression x of the spring. Assume that x is small so that the
position of the rod when the spring is compressed is essentially horizontal.
released from rest at =60o (a) the velocity v of the 2 kg particle just before it hits the spring in the dashed position and
(b) the maximum compression x of the spring.
3 (maximum compression)
Reference
U1 2 0
T1 Vg1 Ve1 T2 Vg 2 Ve 2
a) T1 Vg1 Ve1 T2 Vg 2 Ve 2
49.810.3 sin 60 29.81 0.45 sin 60 1 4v A2 1 2vB2
v A rA 0.3
vB rB 0.45
2
2.58 rad / s
b) T1 Vg1 Ve1 T3 Vg 3 Ve3
49.810.3 sin 60 29.81 0.45 sin 60 1
xmax 0.01207 m 12.07 mm
2
k xmax
2 35000
vB 1.16 m / s
7. Two springs, each of stiffness k=1.2 kN/m, are of equal length and undeformed
when =0. If the mechanism is released from rest in the position =20o, determine
its angular velocity
when =0. The mass m of each sphere is 3 kg. Treat the spheres
as particles and neglect the masses of the light rods and springs.
k=1.2 kN/m, are of equal length and undeformed when =0. mechanism is
released from rest when =20o, determine
when =0. m =3 kg.
l1
l2
l1 20.25 sin 35 0.287 m
1 0.25 2 0.287 0.0668 m
Reference line
l2 20.25 sin 55 0.41 m
1 0.41 0.25 2 0.056 m
U1 2 0
T1 Vg1 Ve1 T2 Vg 2 Ve 2
We ignore the equal and opposite potential energy
changes for masses (a) and (b).
Ref.
1
1
E1 mg 0.25 cos 20 k12 k12
2
2
1
1
2
2
E1 39.810.25 cos 20 12000.0668 12000.056
2
2
1
2
E2 3 3 0.25 mg 0.25
2 2
v
E E
4.22 rad / s
8. The two rightangle rods with attached spheres are released from rest in the
position = 0. If the system is observed momentarily come to rest when = 45,
determine the spring constant k. The spring is unstretched when =0. Treat the
spheres as particles and neglect friction.
released from rest when = 0. System is momentarily stationary
when = 45, determine the spring constant k. Spring is unstretched
when =0.
180
o
71.56
60
a tan
180 mm
U1 2 0
T1 Vg1 Ve1 T2 Vg 2 Ve 2
Reference
60 mm
Deformation of spring in Case 2:
x2 20.1897 cos 26.56 0.06 0.219 m
71.5645=26.56o
45o
From conservation of energy:
1
2
229.810.18 229.810.1897 sin 26.56 k 0.219
2
k=155.7 N/m
9. The 0.6kg slider is released from rest at A and slides down the smooth parabolic
guide (which lies in a vertical plane) under the influence of its own weight and of the
spring of constant 120 N/m. Determine the speed of the slider as it passes point B
and the corresponding normal force exerted on it by the guide. The unstretched
length of the spring is 200 mm.
Work and Energy Principle
1
Datum
U1 2 T2 T1 Vg 2 Vg1 Ve 2 Ve1
T1 Vg1 Ve1 T2 Vg 2 Ve 2
2
1
2
2
0.69.810.5 120 0.25 0.5 0.2 1 0.6v22 1 1200.25 0.22
2
2
2
v2 5.92 m / s
Newtons Second Law (Normal&Tangential Coordinates)
FBD of slider (at point B)
+n
Fspring
mg
+t
N
Equation of parabolic guide : y kx 2
y 2x
0 .5 k 0 .5 2
dy 2
1
dx
d2y
d2y
dy
4x 0 ,
4
2
dx x 0
dx
k 2
3/ 2
1 0 3 / 2
0.25 m
dx 2
Fn man
N 84 N
N Fspring mg m
v2
5.92 2
N 1200.25 0.2 0.69.81 0.6
0.25
10. The system shown is in equilibrium when = 0. Initially when block C is in a state of
rest at = 90, it is given a slight push. Determine the velocity of the block as it passes
from the position where =37o. Neglect the mass of the light rod.
