Bioelectromagnetics

Lecture 41

BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus

Dr. Navneet Gupta

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Axon:
Axon: This is an active, lossless, shielded, noiseless transmission line.
The nervous systems consist of many neurons each having an active
transmission line, or axon, with input and output terminals

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Example:
Axon Action
If there are 7 neurons in series between the brain and
leg of an animal and each neuron is 8 cm long, find (a)
time for brain pulse to arrive at leg. Take velocity = 75
ms-1. (b) If the brain pulse is 1 mV, what is the pulse
voltage at the leg?

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Electromagnetic Hazards and

the Environment
Heating with RF:
(i) Medical diathermy treatments
(ii) Melting of plastics for injection molding
(iii) For cooking food in microwave ovens.
2 W/m2 IEEE safe level of power
Unintentional exposure:
density
(i) high-power radio
(ii) FM, TV
(iii) Radar and Wireless transmitters

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Example:

Find the time to raise slab temperature 10C and equivalent V/m level

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Specific Absorption Ratio

(SAR)
SAR is a measure of the amount of radio frequency (RF) energy that
is absorbed by the tissue in the human body that is measured in
watts per kilogram.
The exposure limit takes in consideration with the bodys ability to
remove heat from the tissues that absorb energy from the cell phone
& is set well below levels known to show biological effects.
The U. S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) &
International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection
(ICNIRP) recommend the localized SAR in the head is to be limited
to 1.6 W/kg.

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus