Biology 20 Fourth Lecture Examination

1. Which of the following will most likely NOT

lead to variation?
A. Meiosis
B. Mutation
C. Cross-over
D. Mitosis
2.
3. Which of the following is NOT an example
of natural selection?
A. Only those seeds produced by a plant
that land on moist sand germinate
B. Red and pink flowers produced in
a population of one species are
pollinated equally well by bees
C. Some plants in a population produce
more efficient mitochondria than
others
D. Plants of a particular species with more
extensive root system absorbs more
minerals from the soil
E. Within a particular population, the
taller plants intercept more light
4.
5. Which of the following is TRUE about the
difference between natural and artificial
selection?
A. Natural selection does not involve
purpose; artificial selection
involves purpose
B. Natural selection results in changes in
allele frequency, artificial selection
does not
C. Factors involved in artificial selection
are accidents, those in natural
selection are purposeful
D. Natural selection strives to improve a
species; artificial selection results in
more useful plants
E. Artificial selection results in changes in
allele frequency, natural selection
doesnt
6.
7. In a large population of plants, which of
the following is LEAST likely to cause a
change in allele frequencies within the
population?
A. A forest fire that destroys part of the
population
B. Radioactive fallout from an accident at
a nuclear power plant
C. The preference of a pollinator for a
certain flower color
D. Wind pollination of flowers
8.
9. Which of the following is NOT capable of
evolving?
A. Population of fruit flies
B. Your professor
C. A culture of bacteria

D. Collective cats of a city

10.
11. The idea that the children of Arnold
Schwarzenegger would have large
muscles like their father without working
out to get them would be attributed to
whom?
A. Mendel B. Hardy
B. Darwin
C. Lamarck
D. Weinberg
12.
13. Which of the following is NOT true about
evolution?
A. It can occur rapidly
B. It explains the origin of life
C. It describes the mechanisms on how
new species arise
D. It tells that species change over time
14.
15. Which of the following is likely the LEAST
to have co-evolved?
A. Flowers and their pollinators
B. Poisonous plants and insects that
attack them
C. Soil with lots of heavy metals and
plants that thrive on it
D. Parasites and their plant hosts
16.
17. The correct way to write the species name
of corn is
A. Zea mays
B. Zea mays
C. Zea Mays
D. Zea mays
18.
19. In the life cycle of an angiosperm, which of
the following stages is diploid?
A. Megaspore
B. Generative nucleus of a pollen grain
C. Polar nuclei of the embryo sac
D. Microspore mother cell
E. Both megaspore and polar nuclei
20.
21. The basis of scientific classification is
which of the following?
A. Evolutionary relationships
B. Morphology
C. Opinion of the classifier
D. Area where an organism lives
22.
23. In the following numbers, choose from the
options below.
A. Classification
B. Description
C. Nomenclature
D. Identification
24.

25. Listing of character and character states

Description
26. Using taxonomic keys - Identification
27. Giving formal name to taxa Nomenclature
28.
29. A taxonomist discovered a plant and
named it in 2016 as Halamania berdensis.
Little did he know that the plant was
already name by another taxonomist in
1999 as Plantae greenis. What principle of
the ICBN should be applied in order to
resolve this conflict?
A. Independence
B. Type
C. Priority
D. Latinized
E. Retroactive
30.
31. If you would like to know all the plants that
are found in Samar, which of the following
would you consult?
A. Taxonomic Key
B. Flora
C. Monograph
D. Herbarium
32.
33. In the following numbers, refer to the
cladogram
34.
35.
36. W
hi
c
h
of

the following forms a natural group?

A. Taxa A-B
B. Taxa A-B-C
C. Taxa A-B-C-D
D. Taxa B-C-D-E
37.
38. The sister taxon of the group from which
taxa D-E belongs is
A. Taxon C
B. Taxon B
C. Taxon B-C
D. Taxon A-B-C
39.
40. Which is TRUE about taxa C and D?
A. They are likely to be
morphologically distinct from each
other

B. They are phylogenetically more related

to each other
C. They have experienced the same
selective pressures from the
environment
D. They have more recent ancestor
41.
42. In Darwins thinking, the more closely
related two different organisms are, the
A. More similar their habitats are
B. Less similar their DNA sequences are
C. More recently they shared a
common ancestor
D. Less likely they are to have the same
genes in common
E. More similar they are in size
43.
44. Natural selection is based on all of the
following except
A. Genetic variation exists within
populations
B. The best adapted individuals tend to
leave the most offspring
C. Individuals who survive longer tend to
leave more offspring than those who
die young
D. Populations tend to produce more
individuals than the environment can
support
E. Individuals adapt to their
environment and, thereby, evolve.
45.
46. Given a population that contains genetic
variation, what is the correct sequence of
the following events, under the influence
of natural selection?
1. Well-adapted individuals leave more
offspring than do poorly adapted
individuals
2. A change occurs in the environment
3. Genetic frequencies within the
population change
4. Poorly adapted individuals have
decreased survivorship
47.
A. 2 4 1 3
B. 4 2 1 3
C. 4 1 2 3
D. 4 2 3 1
E. 2 4 3 1
48.
49. In modern technology, diversity is
understood to be a result of genetic
variation. Sources of variation for
evolution include all of the following
except
A. Mistakes in translation of
structural genes
B. Mistakes in DNA replication
C. Recombination at fertilization

D. Recombination by crossing over in

meiosis

50.
51. Over time, the movement of people on
Earth has steadily increased. This has
altered the course of human evolution by
increasing
A. Non-random mating
B. Genetic drift
C. Gene flow
D. Geographic isolation
E. Mutations
52.
53. The Darwinian fitness of an individual is
measured most directly by
A. The number of offspring that
survive to reproduce
B. The number of good genes it
possesses
C. The number of mates it attracts
D. Its physical strength
E. How long it lives
54.
55. The correct sequence, from the most to
the least comprehensive, of the taxonomic
levels listed here is
A. Family, phylum, class, kingdom, order,
species, and genus
B. Kingdom, phylum, class, order,
family, genus , and species
C. Kingdom, phylum, order, class, family,
genus, and species
D. Phylum, kingdom, order, class, species,
family, and genus
E. Phylum, family, class, order, kingdom,
genus, and species
56. The best classification system is that
which most closely
A. Unites organisms that possess similar
morphologies
B. Conforms to traditional, Linnaean
taxonomic practices
C. Reflects evolutionary history
D. Corroborates the classification scheme
in use at the time of Charles Darwin
E. Reflects the basic separation of
prokaryotes from eukaryotes
57.
58. Refer to the figure for the following
numbers
59.
60. A common ancestor for both species C and
E could be at position number
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
61.
62. The two extant species that are most
closely related to each other are

A. A
B. C
D
C.

and B
and
E and

A
D. B and C
E. D and E
63.
64. Which of the following is the most recently
evolved group of plants?
A. Ferns
B. Conifers
C. Gnetophytes
D. Flowering plants
E. Cycads
65.
66. Which of the following is unique to
angiosperms?
A. Woods
B. Deciduous leaves
C. Seed and pollen producing structures
D. Double fertilization
67.
68. Which of the following features define a
flower?
A. Perianth
B. Stamen
C. Pistil
D. A and B
E. Either B or C
69.
70. Which of the following is present in both
gymnosperm and angiosperm?
A. One cell thick integument
B. Carpels
C. Fruits
D. Ovules
E. Endosperm
71.
72. Which of the following is NOT a feature of
the male gametophyte of the angiosperm?
A. It has been reduced into 8nucleate structure
B. With pollen tube
C. It carries two sperm nuclei
D. It underwent 2 mitotic divisions from
microspore stage
73.
74. Which of the following refers to the
adaptive significance of having a reduced
female gametophyte?
A. Seeds can be produced rapidly

B. Plants can become herbaceous

C. Prevention of time lag between
pollination and fertilization
D. Nutritive cells are not formed until
after fertilization
E. All of the given

75.
76. What is the most probably oder of
evolution among angiosperms?
A. Amborellales Magnoliids
Monocots Eudicots
B. Eudicots Monocots Magnoliids
Amborellales
C. Monocots Magnoliids
Amborellales Eudicots
D. Amborellales Monocots
Magnoliids Eudicots
77.
78. In which of the following can you find
tracheids?
A. Coniferales
B. Gnetales
C. Cycadales
D. Ginkgoales
E. All
79.
80. The following are all adaptations to life on
land except
A. Starch
B. Cuticles
C. Tracheids
D. Reduced gametophyte generation
E. Seeds
81.
82. Bryotophytes have all of the following
characteristics except
A. Multicellularity
B. Lignified vascular tissue
C. A reduced, dependent, sporophyte
D. Specialized cells and tissues
E. Walled spores in sporangia
83.
84. A botanist discovers a new species of plan
in a tropical rain forest. After observing its
anatomy and life cycle, the following
characteristics are noted: flagellated
sperm, xylem with tracheids, separate
gametophyte and sporophyte generations
with the sporophyte dominant, and no
seeds. This plant is probably most closely
related to
A. Mosses
B. Green algae
C. Ferns
D. Gymnosperms
E. Flowering plants
85.
86. Gymnosperms and angiosperms have the
following in common except
A. Seeds
B. Pollen

C. Vascular tissue
D. Ovaries
E. Ovules
87.
88. Assume you are a pharmacist visiting a
tropical region for the purpose of
discovering plants with medicinal
properties, all of the following might be
ways of identifying potentially used plants
EXCEPT
A. Observing which plant sick animals
seek out
B. Observing which plants are the
most-used food plants
C. Observing which plant animals do not
eat
D. Collecting plants and subjecting them
to chemical analysis
E. Asking local people which plants they
use as medicine
89.
90. Angiosperms are the most successful
terrestrial plants. This success is due to all
of the following except
A. Animal pollination
B. Reduced gametophytes
C. Fruits enclosing seeds
D. Xylem with vessels
E. Sperm cells with flagella
91.
92. You discover a new species of plant with a
dominant sporophyte, chlorophyll a and b,
and a cell wall made of cellulose In
assigning this plant to a division, all of the
following would provide useful information
EXCEPT whether the plant has
A. Water conducting tissues
B. Seeds
C. Flagellated sperm
D. Flowers
E. Starch
93.
94. A fern can be distinguished by the
following except:
A. Usually compound leaves
B. A dominant sporophyte generation
C. Fiddlehead
D. Presence of sori
E. All statement describe a fern
95.
96. Which of the following plants has a
dominant sporophyte generation and a
seed but no fruit?
A. Fern
B. Pine tree
C. Sampaguita
D. Moss
97.
98. Plants and green algae share which of the
following structures?
A. Cell walls made of cellulose

B. Starch as a storage molecule

C. Chloroplasts and a combination of
pigments
D. A, B and C

99.
100.
What is the specimen that is used
as a basis to describe the species name?
A. Type
B. Herbarium
C. Collection
D. Flora
101.
102.
Use the key to match the
statements on the following numbers. Key
may be used more than once
A. Description
B. Classification
C. Nomenclature
D. Identification
E. Two or more of these
F. None of these
103.
104.
The new discovery is published in a
scientific journal Two or more of these
105.
Refers to categorizing and
delimiting the attributes of a taxon
Description
106.
Involves grouping and ranking
Classification
107.
May be found in a herbarium Two
or more of these
108.
May be dichotomous or polyclave
Identification
109.
Aims to pout some order into the
vast knowledge of plants Classification
110.
Is a system for expressing
relationships among plants
Classification
111.
Involves categories of Kingdom,
Division, Class, Order, Family, Genus,
Species Classification
112.
The statement trees, or shrubs.
Plants non-succulent. Leaves nearly
always alternate (opposite in Bouea);
simple or compound; when compound,
ternate, or pinnate; exstipulate is part of
this - Description
113.
114.
What is the focus of the branch of
biology called taxonomy?
A. The history of the field of biology
B. The environment
C. The classification of life-forms by
their similarities and differences
D. Genetics
E. Evolution
115.
116.
The binomial system assigns to
each organism a unique name that
describes its ____.
A. Order and family

B. Species and genus

C. Evolutionary history
D. Body plan and habitat
E. Family and species
117.
118.
The two-part formal of the scientific
name, referred to as binomial, ensures
that ____.
A. Each species is assigned a unique
name
B. Each species has a name that is
understandable regardless of language
barriers among scientists
C. Systematists can easily specify the
closest relatives of any species
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
119.
120.
The analytical approach to
understanding the diversity and
relatedness of both extant and extinct
organisms is called ____.
A. Systematic
B. Taxonomy
C. Phylogeny
D. Evolution
E. Binomial nomenclature
121.
122.
Two shrubs in the same class must
also be grouped in the same ____.
A. Order
B. Division
C. Genus
D. Family
E. Species
123.
124.
Species A and Species B are in the
same division. Species A and Species C,
but not Species B, are in the same order.
From this information you can conclude
that ____.
A. Species C could be in the same class
as Species A and B
B. Species A and Species B are in the
same family
C. Species B and Species C share a
less recent ancestor than Species
A and B
D. All three species are members of the
same genus
125.
126.
What information cannot be
inferred from studying a cladogram?
A. Patterns of shared characteristics
B. Absolute dates of branch points
C. Whether the clad e is valid
D. If the shared characteristics are
explained by common ancestry
127.
128.
A mushroom is classified in domain
____ and kingdom _____.

A. EukaryaFungi
B. EukaryaProtista
C. EukaryaPlantae
D. EukaryaAnimalia
E. BacteriaArchea
129.
130.
An amoeba is classified in domain
____.
A. Fungi
B. Eukarya
C. Plantae
D. Bacteria
E. Archaea
131.
132.
In the five-kingdom scheme,
prokaryotes are classified in the kingdom
____.
A. Fungi
B. Eukarya
C. Plantae
D. Bacteria
E. Archaea
133.
134.
In the five kingdom system of
classifications, eukaryotic organisms that
absorb their nutrients (many members are
decomposers) are members of kingdom
A. Monera
B. Protists
C. Fungi
D. Plantae
135.
136.
When you see a green, leafy
moss, you are looking at the ____.
A. Spore producing structure
B. Gametophyte generation
C. Structure that results directly from a
fertilized egg
D. Sporophyte generation
E. Structure where meiosis occurs
137.
138.
The gametophyte generation of a
moss _____.
A. Produces spores
B. Is dependent on the sporophyte
C. Is not often seen as compared to the
sporophyte
D. Is haploid
E. Has tracheids but no vessels
139.
140.
The dots on the underside of a
fern leaf are spore cases; therefore, what
is true of the plant to which the leaf
belongs?
A. It is a spore
B. It is a gamete
C. It is a sporophyte
D. It is a gametophyte
E. It is a spermatophyte
141.
142.
This is an image of a(n) ____.

A.
Bryophyte
B.
Gymnosperm
C.
Charophycean
D.
Angiosperm
E.
Algae
F.
143.
144.
Bacteria that use light for their
energy source and CO2 for their carbon
source are called
A. Photoautotrophs
B. Photoheterotrophs
C. Chemoautotrophs
D. Chemoheterotrophs
E. Photochemoheterotrophs
145.
146.
Protists are a diverse group of
organisms that includes
A. Plants
B. Algae
C. Protozoans
D. Fungi
E. Algae and protozoans
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
Use the drawing of the life cycle of
a fern below to answer questions 75-77:
154.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
155.
Which is the haploid generation?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E
156.
157.
Which is the sporophyte
generation?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E

158.
159.
What is the part labeled A?
A. Sporangium
B. Spore
C. Egg
D. Gamete
E. None of these
160.
161.
Which one of the following is NOT
used to identify different kinds of bacteria?
A. Mode of nutrition
B. Cell wall composition
C. Cell shape
D. Colony characteristics
E. All can be used to identify
different kinds of bacteria
162.
163.
Which of the following does not
belong to the list?
A. Dinoflagellates
B. Diatoms
C. Green algae
D. Moss
E. Red algae
164.
165.
Which of the following does not
belong to the list?
A. Fern
B. Cycads
C. Pine
D. Pineapple
E. Apple
166.

167.
Match the statement with the key
below
A. Refers to the ANITA clade
B. Refers to the Magnoliids
C. Refers to the Basal Eudicots
D. ------------------E. Refers to the Monocot clade
F. Refers to two or more of the above
168.
169.
Cinnamon and avocado are in this
grouping - Magnoliids
170.
Have tricolpate pollen Monocot
clade
171.
With scattered vascular bundles
Monocot clade
172.
Most primitive plants belong to this
grouping ANITA clade
173.
Lotus water lilies belong to this
grouping ANITA Clade
174.
The buttercup family belong to this
grouping Basal Eudicots
175.
The leaves have parallel venation
Monocot clade
176.
Most members have alkaloids
Basal Eudicots
177.
The cactus belongs to this grouping
Basal Eudicots
178.
Most members are herbaceous
Two or more
179.
180.
181.

182.