Repaso del examen final Espaol 2 - Gramtica

Captulo 1A: Qu haces t en la escuela?

Gramtica 1 Verbos con un cambio de raz
What is the stem of a verb?

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Stem-changing verbs have a spelling change in their stem in all forms of the present tense except:
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What are some o -> ue stem changing verbs that we have learned?

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u -> ue?
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e -> ie?

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e -> i?
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Gramtica 2 Palabras afirmativas y negativas
How can you make a sentence negative in Spanish?
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Which affirmative/negative words must match the number and gender of noun to which they refer?
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What happens when alguno and ninguno come before a masculine noun?

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Fill in the chart with the affirmative and negative words in Spanish and English.
Spanish

English

Captulo 1B: Qu haces despus de las clases?

Gramtica 1 Comparaciones

Spanish

English


To compare people or things that are equal to one another, you use:

To say things are not equal, you can use the negative. Give an example.
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To say as much or as many as, y

ou use:

Tanto must agree with:

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*You already know several ways to compare things and people.
ms + adjective + que
menos + adjective + que
mayor que / menor que
mejor que / peor que
You also know how to say that someone or something is the most or the least:
el / la / los / las + noun + ms / menos + adjective + de
el / la / los / las + mejor(es) / peor(es) + noun + de
Cecilia cree que hacer gimnasia es la actividad ms divertida de la escuela.
Gramtica 2 Los verbos saber y conocer
What do saber and conocer mean in English?
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When can you use saber?
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When can you use conocer?

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Conjugate the verb saber in the chart below.


Conjugate the verb conocer in the chart below.

Gramtica 3 Hace + la hora

To ask how long something has been going on, use:
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To tell how long something has been going on, use:
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Give an example of each.
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Captulo 2A: Cmo te preparas?
Gramtica 1 Verbos reflexivos
What do you use reflexive verbs to tell?
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How do you know that a verb is reflexive?
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What are the reflexive pronouns?
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When do you use reflexive pronouns non-reflexively?
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When you use a reflexive verb with parts of the body or clothing, use the __________________.
Where do reflexive pronouns go in a sentence?
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Give an example of each from the question above.
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Conjugate the verb cepillarse in the chart below. *Include reflexive pronouns!

Gramtica 2 Los verbos ser y estar

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What do the verbs ser and estar mean?

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What do you use the verb ser to tell?
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What do you use the verb estar to tell?
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Conjugate the verb ser in the chart below.

Conjugate the verb estar in the chart below.

Gramtica 3 Adjetivos posesivos

In Spanish, you can use de to show what?
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Just as with other adjectives, possessive adjectives need to agree with the noun they are describing.
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Fill in the chart below with the Spanish and English possessive adjectives. *From the Recuerdas?

Spanish possessive adjectives have a long form that comes after the noun and are often used to show
__________________________.
These possessive adjectives can be used without the _________________. Give an example.
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To clarify or emphasize possession, you can use ___________________ instead of a form of
suyo.
Fill in the chart below with the longer possessive adjectives.

Captulo 2B: Qu ropa compraste?

Gramtica 1 El preterito de los verbos regulares
To form the preterite tense of a regular verb, you add the preterite endings to the ____________.
What are the preterite endings for ar verbs?
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What are the preterite endings for er and ir verbs?
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-AR and ER verbs that have a stem change in the present tense do NOT stem change in the
______________.
Ver has regular preterite endings, but does not have ________________________________.
Verbs that end in -car, -gar, -zar have a spelling change in the ________ form of the preterite.
C QU (buscar yo busqu) G GU (pagar yo pagu) Z C (almorzar yo almorc)
Conjugate the verb estudiar in the preterite tense in the chart below.

Conjugate the verb comer in the preterite tense in the chart below.

Conjugate the verb escribir in the preterite tense in the chart below.
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Gramtica 2 Adjetivos demonstrativos

All demonstrative adjectives come before the noun and agree with the noun in gender
m___________ or f___________ and number s___________ or p___________.
Fill in the chart below with the singular and plural demonstrative adjectives.
Singular
Spanish

Plural
English

Spanish

English

Gramtica 3 Adjetivos como sustantivos

When you are comparing two similar things, you can avoid repetition by dropping the ____________
and using an article with an ____________.
You can also do this with expressions that use ____________.
Give an example using an adjective as a noun.
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Captulo 3A: Qu hiciste ayer?
Gramtica 1 Pronombres de complemento directo
A direct object pronoun tells
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What are English examples of direct object pronouns?
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Direct object pronouns have the same gender m______________ or f______________ and
number s______________ or p______________ as the nouns they replace. They come right
before the ______________.
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When an infinitive follows a verb, where can the direct object pronoun be placed?
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Give an example of each.
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Fill in the chart below with the direct object pronouns.
Singular
Spanish

Plural
English

Spanish

English

Gramtica 2 - Los verbos irregulares en el pretrito ir y ser

What does ir mean?
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What does ser mean?
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In the preterite, the forms of ____________ are the same as the forms of ____________. The
____________ makes the meaning clear.
Conjugate the verbs ser/ir in the preterite froms in the chart below.

Gramtica 3 Los verbos irregulares en el pretrito hacer, tener, estar, poder

What does hacer mean?
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List the conjugations of the verb hacer in the preterite tense below.
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What does tener mean?
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List the conjugations of the verb tener in the preterite tense below.
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What does estar mean?
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List the conjugations of the verb estar in the preterite tense below.
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What does poder mean?
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List the conjugations of the verb poder in the preterite tense below.
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Captulo 3B: Cmo se va?
Gramtica 1 Pronombres de complemento directo me, te, nos
A direct object pronoun tells
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When an infinitive follows a verb, where can the direct object pronoun be placed?
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Fill in the chart below with the direct object pronouns.
Singular
Spanish

Plural
English

Spanish

English

Gramtica 2 Mandatos afirmativos de t

To give someone an affirmative t command, use the Ud./l/ella form of the verb.
The following verbs have irregular affirmative t commands. To form them, take the yo form and drop
the go. Fill in the chart below with the 5 go verbs listed in the book.
Infinitive

Yo form

Command


Hacer, Ser, and ir also have irregular t commands that must be memorized. Fill in the chart below with
those irregular forms.
Infinitive

Command

If you use a direct object pronoun with an affirmative command

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Gramtica 3 Present Progressive -ing verbs
To say that something is happening right now, use the present progressive.To do so, use a conjugation
of the present tense of estar + present participle (-ando (-ar verbs) or iendo (-er/-ir verbs))
Conjugate the verb estar in the chart below.

To form the present participle of ir stem changing verbs

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Fill in the chart below with the stem-changing ir present participle.
Infinitive

Present Participle

Infinitive

Present Participle

In which er verbs does the i of iendo change to a y?

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Write those verbs below:
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When you use object pronouns with the present progressive
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Captulo 4A: Cuando ramos nios
Gramtica 1 El imperfecto
What do you use the imperfect tense to tell?

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What are the endings for ar verbs in the imperfect tense?
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What are the endings for er/-ir verbs in the imperfect tense?
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Which two forms of conjugations are the same?
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Which expressions can cue you to know that the imperfect is being used?
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Conjugate the verb hablar in the imperfect tense in the chart below.

Conjugate the verb correr in the imperfect tense in the chart below.

Conjugate the verb compartir in the imperfect tense in the chart below.

Gramtica 2 El imperfecto irregulares

Which verbs are irregular in the imperfect tense?
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Conjugate the verb ir in the imperfect tense in the chart below.

Conjugate the verb ser in the imperfect tense in the chart below.
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Conjugate the verb ver in the imperfect tense in the chart below.

Gramtica 3 Complementos indirectos

An indirect object pronoun tells
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Indirect object pronouns are used to replace or
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Fill in the chart below with the indirect object pronouns
Singular
Spanish

Plural
English

Spanish

English

Because le and les have more than one meaning, you can make the meaning clear by adding

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Just like direct object pronouns and reflexive pronouns, indirect object pronouns can be placed
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Captulo 4B: Celebrando los das festivos
Gramtica 1 El imperfectodescribing a situation
In addition to saying what someone used to do, the imperfect tense is used to.
Describe:
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Talk about:

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Describe the situation or background information when something else happened or interrupted the
ongoing action. In these cases, the imperfect tense is used to tell
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Gramtica 2 Acciones reciprocos
Sometimes the reflexive pronouns se and nos are used
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Give an example using se.
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Give an example using nos.
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Ms ejemplos:
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