Vs oe 6 oe ‘vikas pusustine HoUst ‘Pine enens sae herr ‘Sina Nngar, BapulreS0 60 Penn 2004808 ‘onan, tamba 000 Pena: 502393, wn Tony beloved Parents ‘Amirtham-UtbariamPREFACE Toe objeive of wis Hook eave amprebensiely te basis of tro ‘nathinee. Tako machine hasbeen a essential abu athe erginerng Shiela andi oer pecevedarsfogh sbjet aly de otbeunevale ‘Sita tanear textbooks hve mae atenpere to prvide ade Intra fo the ty of bath compresible ng ncompesaae fl ah Imachies The book spt the Stem ofl theoughoat I alas na Serour evel and unsaved pbs each chgter to ae stadt Sdrsoding estes. Chapter | inane basis of turbo macias, The Euler's eqention hasbeen derived this chpter Chapter? deals with eget ae ‘blero of diferent typeof bo mucins, Theblower an ane Towpressre cates lo machines nd ae rp th sae a the omprenirs Therefore, hae chines ae combined with amps Cental compress bower on ae ae Giused in chapter ‘All flow ompesirs and asa decribed in hogs tn te ae hate, mulstape compress tess oveed, Al Raw gone Torin are combed un daguted in cap Probleme in xi ‘Shea colved by tt arayalan ori mesa thchte aper Seals wi ward and out ow adi bine. Veloiy anges td tntaley= eno dingroms have bee equ ae seaplane ero ‘jean spect tate compressible Now machines. Capt? nls dinersnal sre ode analy tbe ashe and ‘ype of sms, A be discustion on non dimensional mbes te Cnsifigatan axa ow pumps me diacnted in dtilin hater aio ‘nce the ny af pave Uslacemest pps Hyde tbioes teks shan: racisand Repo tebies are ovae chapter, Goverig of yeni turbines alo lnladed bere. Power tarsmiting to machines thei chartriis ee cuted in etal in chp: 1 ‘The reference dito a else wringes for cntuga shies ihe ‘angen decton phat ial machines isthe ail ston. Tiss the rentonataped hare. Computer Sftvare hs bon developed fo oe {steed potas in tsbo marines penne Appenie L L e nal ~‘Thisbook wil be fit eahe and aden of Mechanica Eagiesr- Ing earlnes of ANTE, compete niin Le UPSC, TNPSC 0d GATE ad prtiig engineer. ‘oslome coment and seston fm readers ‘The material ns book based on the concept sendy developed over {seus oun harsh crn he ely ptr hm et Of ‘ettenas givens the end ofthe book owe ny eta ta of hsm seknowledge with appreciation te encoursgement sd eueesions en ty my colleagues wel a my sade, un gate toy family member fore moral spt nd eid encotragemsnthoughout te prepeation os bok, I place on record my sincere gralltue to my college Chatman _r Tt Rade Tiga, he Corpo! Thin, Karama Kanaan die rnspl De W Abba or nt upp. {ine thnk Me PR. Maven, Vos Poise House Pt Li for publishing hs book (em indeed to my racers Me Prost an Ne A Pradep Carat ort lp np reeding Valen Arase Contents Preface 1. Basie Concept of Turbo Machines Detnie Cinssifiton of wba Machines ‘Basie Lat and Governing Baers “The Principle of Conserntion of ise “The Ft kaw of Temedyranies ‘The Newton's Second Law of Moon ‘The Secon Law of Thermos “Forte Belen) Ste Se enty Dohyrele heey Fine ge Eteieny sreeae Faster a Caprese Encino ibiner “otl- Teal ilensy Towle Suey PotopieEMiieny Fite Stage Eieieney Aehen Factor in Tine Soived Prolene 18 Enel 3 2. Binge Theory ‘Aero fl Sestion “Smee Aer ‘NonSynetcl Aero Dragnd Lit Liftend Dri Cotes nor Transfer in Teas of Lif and Drag Cocfikent Bde Temiology (Creade Nomeneltre “soe Carede Nomeneitre 2 2 ry(cascaded Testing a Curves (Ceca LR and bro Carfiints (Cezade Tin ant rag Cotte 6 ihn Blades Tosseina Cascade Sobed Protiene 33 ‘Shot Quaetone 61 Barber 82 3 Centrifuge Compressors ant Fas Inde Corsponnts tad Desctnon ‘Velocity Digras fr Central Compressor Slgeetae ergy Tener Powe ngt Fastor Mier Cue lel sing {peice Suge Prevnce Rue and Loving Cotsen! Pree Coelcen ‘olor Serof\Clletor Verses Ditser aed Dither Depie of Reaction Efecto neler Blade Spoon Performance Prehie ane Guide Vanes, Ink Velocity Ltaone Mach Nuaber nT Didier Ceniifigal Compressor Chameteatc Sunn Rowe Sat Chokes Chance Curve Solved Prolene 93 Short Quine 117 Ever I 4. Axial Flow Compressors and Fans Inron Advatges of Axl Flow Compesors Deseition fn Avil Faw Compressor wess a 6 a a ra ns ns as Working Fine ‘Velo rangle fran Axl Flow Campsie LEpery Tater or Suge Work Stage Landa er) Pressure Coefiist Reason Raia. [East of Reaeion Ras on the Velo eagle Sue Presse ise Suge EMicieny reese Confit Compressor Sul and Suge Radia Eguittam Meiod Rai tin Thay ‘Types of ase ros Vo Bade Constant Resin lade estisage Compression Comparison Benven Cefn Compras ae Seis Flow Conese Dieeon of ow Acros th Compresor Pressure Rise pr Sage Teepe Eficeny kings Constucton Malas Sahed Probleme 14s Short Quions 172 5: Axial Flow Steam and Gas Turbines Todt Deerpon “Woe inglstorun xl Flow Tubines Suge Werk and Diagram Eien ‘sing oan Axia Fl Tebine —— a i i i 3 bs is 16 Br i 8 % 3 ws tat te a 18h i i » oT wee eS) =2 S a + Stor (Nozze ard Rot Lawes Toa -Toal Ean fn) Teabo-Sat Eine fy) Blade Leptin Ct Base pee Ips Bldg amounting (0 Sing “Two Suge Presre Conpounded nase Trine ‘Too Stage Veloce Compounded impute Tine “Velo Tanglen fhe Twa Stage inti eine Diagram Efcieney of Tn Sige Coe Tce Reecion Bling ‘The Renn Tine Melciy Tianhe Dsgran fr Keaton Tine Stage Sine Eticmaey ae Bastion Tbe ‘Maing Ste Eicensy Reason aio Eicleney,Tuhine Eficieny and Rehes! Fasior Free Vertes Design Conan Nosle Ange Stags Inpule Turbines Vers Reason Tabi Intra Loses Tubes ‘Goreng Tunes Salad Probes 21 ‘Short Quesons 247 Bares 209 6 Radial Flow Gat and Stem Turtines ‘Tee Themotynamiesof Flow Suge icles Spas Velo Deges of feacion ‘AnOvewar Flow Rail Thine (Liungnvom Tube) ‘elon tangas and Sap Werk ‘Sige Work Scived Broflome 208 Sort Quctlons 389 Brereuer 263 a6 as a we 1B rs Ws ‘sr » 2m zm 2 2s an me 210 as 25 27 % 23 268 4. Dimensional and Mode Analyst Inyodoceon "Fendomers Dimensions Derived Dipesone Adenges of Dimension Analysis Diversion Homogeney Dinensinal Anais Med ‘uskinghar Of Teen Meth of elecing Repeating V3 Mot niyo Sine ‘Grometic Say ‘oe Dyed Siety Ctnsieston jd Magls ‘Unsoed Models Distrted Models Nofezesiona Nambers “ey be (2) Esler Nurber (Eu) Frannie) ‘Weber's Number 9 Macks arabes 8) Specie Speed Pup Specie pees Expusion for amp Spel Speed paige Speed of Trae ‘erat ote Tabi Speifi Speed Made Testing of yale Tato Mackes ‘is Quast ‘Unie speed Gut Dictaas ‘weet Uat Genes Sohed Probiime 308 Shor! Quins 321 Eecies 33 48, Hydraulic Pumps Cente Pps ‘aeoeice wi 2s B a = Bs Be Bs = =» SSeessey ee BsMRR NI et Main Pars Cente! Pp Catng Suen Fie and Delivery Pipe Workdooe ae Velo Trg Head Developed ‘Ste ena (4) Nasomete ee (3) ‘Pap tases ang fees Impeller Power Loss Dis Fon Power Loss (0, {Leakage Paver Lose ° (Casing Power Lose ‘Mechanical Eileney Manonetin(e) Hydric Eficiengy OveallEticsay VoluneuicEieney Unpelle iieny, Midrange Pring Performance Cuves of Ceaifal Paps (Constr cen ox Mantel Curves, Malsage Ceigl Puss oops Crobedin ul Punpein Series upsin Paral ‘ga Flow Png Bese ele anges The Eneey Teaser (on) Head ‘Ava Pap Chats ceva Meio ot Preveating Cnn Posie Digacenen! Pans ‘er Poses Nie wp Micatlneous Types of Paps as 2% an 3 By m a 33 as ue Ey 3 Me ws AiPLIR Pump 32 Subscibe Pp 38 Solved Problema 35 Short Queene 379 9. Hydrate Turbines vcs! 0 3a teed 38 Chssifeaien of Hydra Tutines 3 ‘Atcording ote Type of Enengy atthe inet ie ‘Aesorig the Direction of Flow top he Ruane 3 Acca te Fenda tener of Tine a ‘According the Specie Speedo te Turbine se Pelton Whee. 38 Pans of te Paton Tabine Sa ‘ely Tangles and Work Don for Pelton Whee Bs Hydra Einey ae Paton Wiel Lover nd Eleni ca Pipe-ineTasion Efieny sa Nowe fcieney Nozzle Voc Content se Nasmber of Buttete 3 Over Efile a CGovemingotPetion Wheel Tstine Et ‘Double Govening of Pb Woe! = Cinatraier of nl Terbiee 0 Rodi Flow Reseon Trine wa Main Prof Rail Flow Reaction Tine 5a elety eget and Work ae in Nation Aeron Renton Turbine 3 FRdal low Tartine Lanes ie (GovemingafResty Tusins 5 (Charateriste Curves fra Reason Tine 6 ‘Ave Flow Reto tubing sn ‘loci Tangles and Wore Dane Es SpeemingerKapl Tartine ‘Comprinne f yar Tabi EMclncen “ neon of Hyer Tubes a Brat Tse in Types of Dra Tuer a Daa Tbe Theory, arc rrr eee ee oad = bs ficiency of Dah Tete Cavin in erines Sahed roient a0s Stor Qustons 433 10, Power Transmitting Turbo Machines Inodston The yd Coupting ‘waking Ponte Eriieey > Tegie Conerer Bocca ger mmtam Comener Appendic 409 References 6 Inder 161 “ a of as 4 BASIC CONCEPTS OF TURBO MACHINES DEFINITION Tho mio i eed a devi een of pans cong 0 ‘nimsy Ning seam of sl by te Sym acon ao er RE ng tae rowe Tepes’ ea wording ew mpying a np ti pnp pe en escent may Wd pag wy er ores Sts the fre, lari ebay ees De moe En be Iie were te i eben ct Sater os _te vino me fry pri ‘CLASSIFICATION OF TURBO MACHINES: “Tuo maches oly ale a Ste o Usha bo mens. The retag mre sce inn enog Sou sha oay ft oe Teed ite meh ens ete ‘ws woud wee of i imple ch tse es al ‘estroaded toro macine Expr of bis twtr wregeenn ad "ais males my (any oof he clases depenig on wed sort doe ‘ihe, seek nsbey he naing menter oe (ous pomp,Gre wide chi an be cased by he ney wig he ‘uy fe vc a fod ono sat ee waar mnie ‘steno heer ewe eae ein ee ERB or ‘sa fw mn) esr ml pau Bet woth Seeing ‘Mechs te hid reso ena Osteo sm "Tepes chang na apy. a he mas ow of ea ough ‘acme pence seared (hen energie Intro matte he caray soar eacompiedy cheng sng o> ‘em of be bid anda Be shige of elder aed oaing wees “ut aie can a te cafe Led on te Seen of Bow of uid scone ing mem I he ow 5 the muesli ow mace te fow oy iat hewn a a 3 rail fiw sta a {eee ow sary nnd any al Sete nwn meed shine [BASIC LAWS AND GOVERNING EQUATIONS “Peta teal erat dd she ino hie ‘eimai wr and ovemng eam ede ins ota 1 The Principle of Conservation of Mass “Thecenerats af ain of emt dane ripe eae Mes 2s egy aconcnes peer, wt mache cena or deijed Pecan selena csc ve epg io ce ‘Mere ae sre-bepe ahd 2 dente he ie nd oe cndoes rpc ‘The cavern ‘of ass eu of ered af the cenly sation i esha. came Alesis the mast ow ae (Api ence sl wes Rate mache he alae Row a 5 ‘ree. 2.Tho First Law of Thermogynamies “Theft ot ce wire en cnt of ey poche Sit cn ct nro cea Sse Wc oy So [mae fom ane Tne comenaion ote gene wy ow yom cate cope erly a "cat tort ~Shal wah) = Os flow (Cane ea pe wit SN Cage rosa ey yea —I ‘nese Concersc#Tunso MAcnes “> neon ann ty tow ne FE hrc tela opera eau he sen coe eg pce oe oes ‘covey arses sey Son device Tica thenappieb tno ‘chine. be snplill easing othe pe of ae mci becrte my ihc or) gana th te 2. The Nowson's Second Law of Motion According thes fa he ee aig an condyle in ‘it cine r fne tmoen ef oe ad a Pb Monica pts ee fo ube maine he ington ue rong ad power cua EES A lee el ey ee ‘ment te pine prt Cours pate moving eo a {Sie voume moors te Pad pet ta ame ho oe imal avi ons aan gn nba~ncad "te cine eas wit agarose power CW) Bre emunea enc J 4 ! J 4 J @ a& i i L L L h 4 hh if bi 8 Wantitn Gea ater pump equates (Wemtaea=Tea= 0) 4. The Second Law of Thormidynamiee “The ste wf eraedynamin ao te fino a ey 8 end 7 np hn od ye se ete Te spy pe eis pe iene {Shen Spear Cvrk us el ee {eke sung eet ach pense compen coun on ws Stee ems mn “Kaa ol comer fer een tt ney gnome cetecpssales ees pee 4 a a raseavseey (eon bal “Tigeqaton iknow 8 Fst T eat or Gs equation The ond ‘espn tnd by nang dun be tT eto ye he Exist efentay OP) rani eign ads = 0) in (Gye cng nagar coy BE SD (Gigh = aT = BRI = OAT ‘Shee y= pan A EFFICIENCIES OF COMPRESSORS: ig. shons se eerie nd reese alae compton proces on nbsp eng) seam Te ala condone ul epson ye ‘Treupaton onl zaereating inte Teal cod te id Ist by sitet and he oespeding agnaon pts Oe poe ‘ere iD Sate nd sagan coins woul be 2 and 2S testy ewe 12 Reeeand incre connie pcs ‘rcs 1:2 the atl cameron rz an ie sctptied bya cree resvoy Roos 2S Br eal easiness com ‘Best ye da tn se see te oper oe ad reves combiaon fs Te llonng we te con compre ‘Seine4. Totata‘Tota Efcleney sam etc bt sgrtn prope 2 Statleto-Statl fiicloncy ene teen san le 4. Potytrople ffcloney . ‘A comue ge cat bevels mad pn ti nef sal ge au Face 2 compan ret nie onde atenorsnses Fornisenpi pes. np ween presi and psa an eo ssccomenorfamiomae <7 ein din enn arpa [St xe O]ap xcoman ‘Genta icine rom eto (12) ‘cto oa nnenting btean in fe captesin fm weet ® “2) oeraeint us tie ner bate te be eur to xmpeon . st ‘i aa {sleing eben eee, oo way = re & & Lipset “ie mi to lien asap ina ie src egy iy wan ‘lesterol sieee ee ee ee eS eo 4. Fate stag Etconey get es aston pn nom oe te neonen(-1) Seeeugeeisftetguicnpctsbacbrslrtople Then enim BevecoemerRnSoMcaNs {5 soa al ae wh ty a af te Te omg Ghetlaod ego et eee "hc smear ce she Bsmt as tp Peet haart nambage nite im - ae = han) + Chae — aed a6 “Conder ow nto niche ld xpd fom 19 yin oes. ‘Sele ene cas) Tabet teste, stl wr done Wate ‘recat psa dene = an ey ae ‘Tetra caly Sep ces ge ‘era ao a an iy opis pe us ope nay rp nase vag crensenten (basa hh > Ohad fou? or oe ee ooee oe ee ee ee Se ee ee 5, am cae erie eg ee eat stale er wen Dm a “Tena workup wold na roe single eigen wen a street oven ne fin. Canbiig etn (110). ihe # LP eer wan “Contr pin Fg. raf aguenpsion hie at the fiat -02 ‘nu be snd el expat 0) 02 lowed ying of ‘hel rom sue fo 2 cama ere > Ty sce the asda a grener att nthe al a0, > ha) A towsin esti 02 1 errant mance n'est ‘Bent obs om ste 2, Thiet ates RP ele he ha see. “Theat fic rte epson of pare tin an ane big msaning stesso tt ese as Pa Rgyberel eB foro sage opal wep nsemeo ag are ofan chat Fa, Tatar Tor = Ta, = To [1~ (Pea / Pon] am la poten Ta Fa= Fo om Feri coed sge T= ta,2tafi-eosna] Taf ent Tope Toth = Fat 0 Fores‘Te mul work opis Wo Comte Tg + Tiga] Conte (= wna = eran) ‘Theses wii he Wace ef frm be pt ome es th nmi 6 en). Ten, te ean sec” mana) as) hs nnvoie wrk ona tom ingles et Fo Py etna owe (125) sg conto capa 0 ee a = Pay Po eee rel ese a Since Solution Tye Aas iOhe Te 2K gy 075 (9) the tas quid water Sie eM icompresit y= coat = 1, = deny owt. Foran stoi comin, hy = mares Jeamy “Divine won occasion (6) the ud eal 28 portct gas ‘aha = Ct, ~ Fo ieee lon = uo) = Mosk hy, = toasts © ie - = = sine ac an at pega xarpi 2 tan sempre SSIES cre cst er gar ae Semdategaranertemsgae hare eventos Seasrennten scsanes eliseatesarmsos Sian Oo eee ee Bi! ie me ee! Ses! Bs!29> Tue tacit Soutlon Aye Tiar my = 100K Ape ste Remox lao Pad (9) fetatto-Tota effilency sn eagle aacconcerserTumoWscums <3 Solution dhe = eBay 6 Ty = OK Py nt (2) Finding te type of turbo machine Shethecanein nly pone lg ito mchine ules wa (0) Ext cota tomperaturo Ta So = mix . 2 my rt, 2 nasa we <1 (Talent (0) Totabto-tatceftesancy aa o ws RSS Goes Tota Tuc PUTED Cp hos = - Cre — Tend ue Boe pe Baba te. [pts Ge os pay es - [atte nee ming ' To Dae | estos oe Tare = 9 i an = 168% where Example 1.3 Seppose a wrbo machine 4 operated sash that the cine in total Aha = maslho) 6075 6 Saar mtr re cat Sea : 2 ne Scien iinyreiymecraneteewcarter ins san = 490 Seelam tare ates De SAGE sew es meoremivas | (Gi) if re Maids igus waver, 1 Fore 54 bd barones ow Woo: comp “K Example 14 A pore ecaing wt maine ees 100 wp shen ‘ew rough Ge cevee iO jo a ving eyo 0 ae Te aon fisiny ts, Eom (i gent peo he oy fd Qj esnge insti prenan ha eit ad Rls Fine ldeserepesy Omi fe pe tokye Hx 075 meee = 2000.1 = akg wim =000 = Bune “Toren changeit ent (omy = = = “owns (a) The change in total pressure ofthe oil ame pcah) = 2a cren (0) The change n tale prossure = n1aa — MC = 3 700 100 = nana Example 1.5 to 2 ou! sings in hading a, Sugation pe co event een an eit en sage sO The tage een he et ‘Scorer are 86 ar we bam ofthat ton sae 0 en Fd oe ra eaicuny athe an. Solution helt nos brseieeesterty etna cn’ re" ‘he aur ont fom he woes Wag = Celt 4 0= naan eetytaz5 ts +1023 08691 x06 a= CrTwatl +b —pnal Ty senpre lr hen oh i wos iy = Tol =n = yet -ozOAE? Why = CoTu(osteyoaayr +4 ~@2mqase)j08¢ = onsert “ual wl wos upto he ine ‘het senvpi war dt ssh saponin = Cota ft t=) = Cpt {ttt 0254) Ovraiabinctieny 4 Fy = ww moses Me Re fe ee es” ee fet? ee! ea! es! ee! taee Example 1.8. tow presi a comes eeprom WG ifueietu nde taneefeiae n= bern ease ee, enters onde nna gees MEU ae 5 Solution Dior T= 305K. Ty = 30K 4x1 x98 = D2 ree Poe Py P= ore 04208 = 11678 te rom nnpireaion Ty = Laster) = 1007 05 = 3162KsK (2) Compressor ffclency Si te roe re hese io hwo ie eo Gary" Aterantv maha Example 1.7_A tigh ese comprar ching Oe sate of ae om Pn tOl bar Tm 305 Rie hy 2 ta hs compen chy I 15 ‘usrnin fen iene ote ceapresee Solution anole T= 3K Re tbe AUP sno1=29rbe Ty = n(B)” =s0sntt = 46k tetris sap fice rem Bante compress een. Th aes de peeing, Examplo1.8. Thepewrersioncosgn wipeie22 nd ellen 128% ‘Tosenpantrel gets ISK dese pauper.at he po ‘ecoinal eng Example 1.9 Ass congener ‘etn oho a ne Woche bie acne Te son estes (0) Sat ofa a comoressr et Bete (2) eaten a2) ast Tse = 127) = 124308 S055K ‘Atle tempest ernie it ever comprar tices e or Tey = @ATK (0) Polytropic efficiency (6) Stage eftclency ee ne Bs Example 4.10. The oval sir to rough a trae sug A in TBangettany aa Theoret ie SOD sega ae ‘noon sage he sams devin reach age apes rao el) age Solution Pe tg, n0at T= 150K Be he ee the ee! Be fae! a! es! cs!oe ee ae ee a = ee ee ee es esSoliton » ‘ample 112 Ae owstemelner teins alpen Wat mattan Bala gees a ll gato we Se (2) Overall pressure ratio ‘ose andi operate} ee an au charges a Wl ena. Paar. (B\" solution mt = (RY vo ‘SMe O2MWO, ty = Loh ber ae emf Geen (2) overattotceney (0) Exit total prossure and temperature yea dm = eat vars sernye?! A = ans 4 0096+ Lae “oye ‘pie am be eon etn wae . my = m6K cue am (2) Isontrople and actual changes i total enthalpy “ian ogo old wee ‘hy = pla) = 6Ta— Ta) yp = Ouse9 = 100515316" 2) hereon oh = uty ogee sss change etal e) Power. fe Cnn ake 2 Leste [Example 1.13. Aiton vou an auth wr span poset ‘icra inh ra STs eflstcy 08s he sw ie ‘Stade tel power ouput OO U, fa eo emperee O e 8 005408299) fc od empemive (te acl ex ae tmp te ow eay soi9saw Fito mesna (deal iotateticeny often MSU Non 36) \ ke ee hee Be ene Mem! ice! a) a! Gas i!a settion Bes gy =08 masher wasooeW Twa, = nts By-vatity = BE ty = 0K (8) The actual oxi total temperature ‘BinecoscertorRaaoMscnts < 33 (4) The (oat to-atti eficency 4317) 0631 x 337 2nasx ee Phere es te Sama ty = 600% ram 14, ssn sn re mo of eh tues these ticity 7, Caine th oven tbe ps iy weenie eae toe ough yc me oO Re taeue Tht oe 98a Ape 97 Solution Wad RR ms on OIS 7 M0427 AIK mn dss (0 Overaiteticioney“hing on ier, w( etm) = moses “heb EXEROISES 1, Date To asin 43. Mew te eve pam se ile? 13, Wine soutedand usenet matoe? LIE: Shy meso he as of werk eer Defense nhs Dada ad mween ehh 4, Daweh geal Er xprsion oat mt. 1D, Bette eosin tess of pve abi tsa maces. {al Rai-Tol Eiency (8) Stowe Ste Etcony Jaa Le dua Saas ‘sn iting nes ope (@ToutTont eos rer th anion recom ed ‘tha ctcat incr snioge compet Pn at ate iris ‘tmp shina emg lag wine ove a Ri rer a ‘Prove ha te bine over eiciny res hnh tbina f eta patton etc aC esompree Bark iv psopsomprace ene Uasphnineinaempen. ete yap anion fice. are paca pan Gey Qe hi ane ee Bite oe ter ints ane ge an vel prea [Ae tawntbtoghe ber har stn ue ret by 13m gue Te ntl ps ete toners eat 0 sedisterepenie'y. Th ol ollie) 708 Era hea (at pve, he x emcee al emprmae a he ema ‘sl hnge nt el, ianapn 8) (ane 05S (0) 288.2, nd (0) 12068 173g ‘Acorns ota eine of Wand eri peat ‘ago ae hee ge cen npn Tame 83.081 ‘Acton ugh se tine wt aaon pti Greed ft eam’ ite ntmmalciensey Noten tector ae eS ge ‘Wao pover oa OSE Fed inet al emprie (e ‘in ii pts) he ste sae tener ihe Tan a 25 Rey 9B (04 0968) ‘wie aca ol ge ny 8d ee lp srr Catatonia aoe 48 ‘ss ine seid ccnp 7260 LW wh a flow $0 {te re emgeane sed pyrt 0Bd Co tar esprin Clue te ex unpanre andrene ithe tenuee cenyaf he Tartine 9. (na) 17 Kan) So) nw ome emer nash pea by 130 sm tte laa a cps faim Fy = 1.08 Ya 7) 30K a Ty ISX, die an compare compris ate ices Tan) 788 andi 7A ee a ee hit be! te et Le! Ee!= oe ree ee oo a. = AaS. The i sf e Rowing to competi Py = LT = el psnreraoscretbe aoe martin anit) ‘homer aero ofeach sages ean tenpesine 1 wo oncsinpesernia less fy pegwers cee {nd gece. (aes) 2220) essa) on “ myo Oe Us 807%) ft oom Eval (o senropc and aca ch npr nay cen {it Oe 99) wh Ans 0) 63.39 hg and 85.43 te (6) 75.29) fceny ofthe compressor andthe power required ove iif 30 pina sirweomprened Wo. Ape 38h \ nso) 213% ad (022 Hb, etn compen ts na 10 Man 23°C wd emp ‘ot fational being The mass Dow rately te compressor 29 Xo Fr cv ny of comes poe pe (Ans (0 67.4% and (5808.2 KW) ttfceney and) power Sevag. we ” Ans (2) 058) 78.75% an 958088 srorne oka he 2 BLADETHEORY ‘Thoctry seri tomes id yung melt mage tea Te change nl ements cca y be Spare mon ot ferrin ade a0, The yc ton Bag Naess ‘The hry af congo an ie Sue eased nnchapee ‘AERO-FOIL SECTION ns eee paid are, en cy nn Symmetrical Acro-oll iy taps cl a spun ceton oui eo wl Te ow per sardasymas rl pled a em oes eos nig. 2. Te ow ves ed ‘ro-le enig eed thn jie tang sg Peet Foepanm amd esi ene Non-symmetrcal Aerosol Ie sf as inti fac.scotia Semienamee Loa Laisa oe Soeee ST idhaneaoqitn opps cet oS wieveateagrauns {a Tecomponeasttereoun oe pire 22 Pn ay enn edicundtethe tlw in WEeveatae fa ‘RAG AND LET “The ean oc noma two cna of compen, mae SELSig Te tov iad gon eine tn ue staw 22 ‘Tinitmnl ote desion heap Frock veay ode de sal ee eae ~ x, dasa eng sess voc te coc fe Sygate eceie mas upel + isang a ous in eee uted intranets De ig Tee ii ir ae rust cangeaf argon ‘pl: Gene Asa chin yer roped neste rin Site Tana sept earner icine mgpan ects. ie ewe ot etaon 0c {ee Pow ssi to to Rest ‘ee ee pace pate ‘a el eer 9 ik bn Sy lyer nd eal sown ne res ech nc an, wh he nen tc eaing 8 ioe ity coun caste wee 29) Nese prem n y inj cn ght na ray uta psn of he oy nde ek inveclsed aerate espe mlsedar anual eet as fa bua fom he whan! "LUFT AND DRAG COEFFICIENTS ‘Lincs ely gen sco supp wig wen ‘Sudo move ugh aan cue role go sma ‘ste engyins an eins png orcas recede ry teat SERS Sosa ow our wnt wean a en = same rag catia mena ofthe afer tind wih hf kor wong its eds Co aan ay ore mean live iy, Ake weno te Edy and he or SS iter fr cooenen os S03 seta ami peste Some Se i scan the ei of wen mcnland wah ge ae of Co. Fat Socks erevauson stick ay hneralsouan ne anprelicheow Ais [Sissi pete wes nao ercsanof em pepe onder Sie Far oer bese tle wing) whch noma eee “met ent tigae pre ot fou or ba i eae ae ‘Sete doo requ ny be end a Cat pen aon (2ayin te mn he sna yee ve winch woul becure he ‘epascune sual boy weed pony eye pete (ads mse cua ching te desi of ei, solic {pssst ed tnd fron pron, (a) heer matte fans momen osteng\ td (3) he ngs sigh lve ‘Wetenconles ee 2) tebindeshidine apc hl he sparse ind 3) leet i teste eat Rey amar 2» U8) Wo eye ‘imgorchs il algae tuna ny tomes Cpeo ee rp trap cc spurt it ores bath ale wae sete dorscnn eof Ines te lasing png ais en ‘ou accumu wihepasare never oe we rage whe in. bu he reesot tered oat erepy dct the mr af epatan ce ation Side tas, an consent slg, ie ml ee aed ago {Situ being tao peat d acpetan hinges song er wale Te ‘entree eli acbon emi ts roe ea ome ole or “Fc of connie then cope the carr te ns Bese be mechan ef compre le prot sp ow ‘pray il ote onves prose paces, rena teble ep ‘Siegen navunc on wins sary hreeursur ie 90 ervennere cat 1 Spat witha srr lone A ae he engage ie ‘tity utr mh rush ie nt conpres® Type oe ‘Silom aresown in ige 20) ond 240) xi— _ 2) ¥ we ‘pw a ENERGY TRANSFER IN TERNS OF LIFT AND DRAG. COEFFICIENTS Cons rotar bade howe ni. 25. sheave alot ets 8 ep ‘ges ad fT ie flow reams ai an hag oes wl Se stop te inde. The yf sg In tine he ‘nets iy vector Wa ge fr eat action the face et Degen oth "The foeson fea wil tine opposite ion shwn the Fi 26. The eo oregano heh hve Ane Fac sign th eatin fete oon een) wen by Fy = Leo dnt D sn fy FEE Baila a Bab co= espa L Sc> waWE ne te Ende eA th rat he eos abe spn de inane E wt 24 fshing hat oes bettors wen fe ma “Teper deinen thea pen by Fu = mah) versie te cane att ently aru Berea nm Fv = pCletahs)et fo srouphone ie paige of wis Ya eenconse Thea ‘Sug tere ren = (aga ae = Focus Cole sca\es 4 anf a Pllc Re +Cotne 7 hee cath ow cece an defn a For masinum tiny the mea aw ng eal bo 3+ uhm bene noding tar ego epic fer piu ade Going tor fe noe “ a = SLC + Col 1. Co tahoe Ceiba scan cs tang sence fe BLADE TERMINOLOBY Blt rts wal of supe sna promos Ba snp ‘somata saps compose cesar satan aerated waco ‘re imparantthanhetctcy. tn taper by egy ‘tie aero secon oa aed anne The pests tea ong USestaper and coniguono Bde p27 ae flrs 4. Base profile wi ene dings wrt oe Salento tig etna {2 Position of maximum hlcknass ic manatees ich Pipl ans prep ae ega 4. Leading edge (Nose) 1s way «cea a ese te min flesndspeciedby ted perenne emai Wiha '5, TRalling edge isis hp ofa ry bt a i inpoe og rng apenas cola epee eta is 6, Camber line ihe wit of Ses en sae ae eine The tse pale eed fein cued cue ne Team (pens oro wo poae se ‘ahgweieeleoratienessie ‘Somos ai geome Se Re Dna pwn 2108) Mas nmecore CASCADE NOMENCLATURE ‘Acasa row femal sma araged a ls rom {it cher ange o fo aero, Te ros pan nomena Tit tAtate compen we 42) Camber angie. Th ste beeen a sanhes ee he i dein it hit camber ng enaed oa Tre coer anges let ante ae ft ‘treo hea cle a catede la ange + fs! Ae! thal ee ee hel= 12) Blade camber angle. Th diene bennett ember ingle lene he Bade combe onl dana Mahesh ©) Ghord ‘eshte eatoum with oe ade reas decom ren ne rsh he a lg 4 Pltch 1 lich cad ping evened ithe tice een he feesponsing otf lca od years nse ch cs ve) oF bsntye he sayfa). Wie ts we fay see tad tr eich cua yn Gey ever at @) Ar angle, THe ange betven ts discon of wei rivets i Se nt a tae anon eevee cae tapes pea Angie of ncktence The tere bewers te lt el ge nd eae ‘hersge toon ebay eins nae) 1) Deviation angle te ates pers ect i anlandheos ‘Snterangsishrorn se dato onl nda Maes 1h evitos np fs canbe i een sda he ae oer sual are fen he oie donb 2300)? + 0.1/9) ‘Sd odetarm son choses 1) Al defection angio. To kites bites the inet ne ma be ‘itn ead ase a delcion ane soanel re Mata aaa] From he dens iter ogi, can ke sot hey ae ea yh 1) Stagger angle Te eg vee te il etn and hee own ‘easagr np dened yan epson he an we te de ‘TURBINE CASCADE NOMENCLATURE ‘erage ni asap. Pe 2a Cambor angle The nin 0 ceri ety exh te ‘inconaas oe compessr iene camber lr in aca ‘Tesicapes anden afte ome ade ges ada Angle of incidenco. The diseeres rns ene de ale he reer cuca nie np cae post orsgae Fe ie lanes asiund hposveel Le ow rear ‘Seveston te othe comes eat ene sh ‘ane al flow snrton a de pte seo eaeDeviation angle Tsitece wechseln esi clive oneninsnli ie soya tp motets Air etection angle Te een ge retained ‘is aun crn fm hat of he compes cts, Wi ao pid sets eter engi CASCADE TESTING AND CURVES, “he flow sued ae compres nd wins edie fm tow wend ‘ote eft on oft es af aja dn ee ow ane ‘dei atened by he ow woe a oes bade Ts eames the ‘ei rao ee) areas Teta lw comer an gu hang yu a of aw pag yaa ue Pulse nn ow angi seman ie lt ance ele cute "hd ra Sand rom cane en oe concen eae of te ‘Stucco tone Baba ato and Be tan csc ‘nescise 1) Anne wl tan per exit a he ade andi ‘ican ooo show pts rand el os ©) Taras ocean ak 1} Bhs vlaay are om hop and ie leche ade eng From th op avian i ed et ony pts fr ne aie so apt oahrfrmay be necery say co be of ESO ‘Shaina ease ese he few he es. hin ner unwound fom be or frn th cae ie aga pers eit Fy) (a) ae venient sng Tea uly resend ae i 210 ‘Fervugauon encoun fea dimes robe ghey slg Fron iorcosoe iy = mat) Peper de coerpning (EitPrgoes cl eng ofthese eps has dnote Hate wane ease bye oun rad sly spare ot In ween "merch as etl deeteenn anid meng ‘elon an pes lucosl oseh eet P~ Aa OSS ‘epoca cers se i 2 The saan ness wt sgl ot J d J a ee cenln vis mains dteton sae em) Ti th sl int whe Aaya ‘amas ‘Pew 210 Cascade decison pnt cuneate oftece fevonse Pw 211 Catone deco an prose cee ea in sre design ihn a he of een, wre sree sty cons ani ooeo sot on pl a teen “eal nonin defecion ang hh compete with ow peso 2 restive ye pare deg, Ts sore estan ge fecal Bee Sti aim dn et = Odea. ore ependymoma ene oo ‘iene of toa i fs cen py et 7 ‘pwr 212 Condom deo age reste ale ‘CASCADE LIFT AND ORAG COEFFICIENTS ‘theless andi recy wih opening wel: “he dey hangearesrheciatsssunesio bebe The hong wrote cate gies ty (eo R= ot ~ C= (Pn ade ‘saree erence (Fy ~ Pn) aed ran he aca shoal be Tove it Pin > Pp, brane bo we ent ede tad be Now sored ‘nile Hence eave again willbe ren 0 ee P= (P2~ Pe in = Fh Fe Thetiewavenoallresnedngonbeanteconea sume nly detions pt lo te of eng f momen bens ese cos, ‘Cogn te fos ane ebnge i welsty ie Seton = tn 7, De Drag Dm Fo ctn Diving dng by 05 hehe en cect (Cd C= 26 /e1Po C2)ay putonanes pce 213 elcid fori ede since Cy = C4606 td Cu = Caf a= AGNI Rp aaleora ‘Tet = as conan) — ane} co aa ~ GPa Ne ‘Tani conticeney = E/0spCke = 2c (un ~ ene) Coane [saint wok Ci, nen ag a te ile nl oe io sown The vison spss treed om rg een dt fre gen sacri qaaiearea] CMP tee ime fo [toa to, need owe fr Pn Ao a md ep 4 a a anlehcea wiiaicla p reo no ay eles ones es in 300 Franson rs a a tse ey iS senate rset fre ay een ge Seiichi Seshicingeers pater oa od. "nig entity ws scp ik 6m bc ten igure bs Steptoe CL = 26/e)angatase ~tan) suave 58 oF ISS Pre 218 Cacti canara otto “othe pte cag ven By Co 00 ft deas ma De ia ae Be ste eure ean Tate gol aoe mal he ‘Sips clea rg entae sco serene olig whi ‘Goce se ge Empire ascites psa fue cor = 0018} ‘Tet die en by ar Fenton or a oe oo ® ms et ccoL & - oe [tot CASCADE LIFT AND DRAG COEFFICIENTS FOR, ‘FoRBINE BLADES p= 20/1 Po AC en/e0on) fdcorananey ne) +Co trem ‘olor Rel ound ee Wd pw tee ptt ‘ares bythe peeing and cet des Te geen soe byipcleaes le Coan sonny Howat gen coe = neler) on Chie ~ vo RSE) /( Nese fora tig, ‘moti Ged bythe adon of nals a and ecandary ots Iara approxinae 1.Proflofoss Ths ocemucoie beni yergruthon elas 2.Ansulus loss Teisoccusdoehebnuay yrgronhon eo td 2. Secondary loss “Ths css he nb np deo hehe dens 4 Ta laranc loss tom a Loner inn hae crn of compet bie we rial these, The Example 2.1 nfl aig chon lng f 25 9 ana pan 13.5 in Tacogl oma eng 25 Calne te weg ich he wing caret te pve qed ete a Te coveponng to) = 325°C = Dds end Co = 0022 Desa a= 125 qa EnnSmis C= 0485 cpu pi i2skg/e? ‘ih carey ie ero hol be gi toe a oats 128 2 naasey rontamiel = Dae eam, maser ot Example 2.2. catlac ihe dame of puncte 6 ved for dogping se ‘Ses ig 8 ie ei eri cy am ‘Tsay confine pancho, ch ny Seed emipenal3 SatterSolution Drgtowe oes Eyample2 A vescasna iment p(lO » |20). coef of i and he tl weigh pana ct ‘eExample 2 An sia tow confer taste owing dg da Imus dw tof ar =-25 igi ety = Ela vel ST oe Sculpt dn etn wh re ae aes Deen he ean (9) he ahi i ph nh Solution vm Skat p= Ld tg? We sore Samer tie (a Mean radius () Blade height "held ep od mth eas of Ro (6) The chord and pith Ble set ro = 20 du 5 = Pick hora x cove Gad ad fo) euge oe ge ee (2) Mumber of blades Pickem FP + Example 25. Desens os comprare wi evr ae ca ie (@ tetramers Solution sen ok A (2) Deviation anglo m= 0254/08 +0080) erst ae cer 20/6 = se aasneo'a(3) (oBdecantorente Sneha eoinciers on he ie of = 1540200 = omen (2) The blade stagger Forcier ae carne tadesaaeie gen by Example 25 A come eee cose fom cea ae sero ‘Slo ease = 29) ae os ger angle o 5m spied oo puntyne carnetlde snplerand noma Uaapneo3)(0) Nomina aic angles ieee wei Example 2. 6 cooper cnt hh wig i: ve wa male ant 2 28 tects deacons t= 125¥aho Solution Ls TEs ay m4 ay 095) ch=O9) Mem timm WO 9 128ig/m (2) Pressure oss cooticlent Pun see} res = 9 %ymt 1. (0) brag cootictent Go = 2/910 / aC end anf im = an feane-non /2] = to [ana 0284/2] = as ay ian, os mal (Lit coometent Comper = wfeyorontenay~use)~Cotae = 24ya9yene38.254 ans) - 0.0365un 3825" Example 2.8 Acne ezcion oan te (a 4009 = 6) ‘sen £2 go) Th ch mn ae SPS Bete or bcc aera ocean ae wna 16 C,=100m/e pm taste Fee09) Ant Sen (a) Prossure loss coofcient (0) Brug cootciont Co = W/exhrnipC Pleo? an fea nd ee = ee [fanay ane 2} eas! Ba! heelwe dss! a a, eee 60» reasoatcimes = et Yfactse— nat) 2) =a Gy = anon Ss5") eo 3.98 asso | (Fs = eon (0) it eoatictont tusbie CL = elepemontann teen) + Cotmen = HO81}0023 tO 4006514 QEED an LN Example 2.9. ja olne wed weigh 30000 sa ace wing ics 20? es ely e250 sh when egies 1504" he pey ‘ond ett dg ream ning. Clete oh ‘da rte wig Te ety or get 1A Solution We30,00N A= 20m2 u 25048) Pomc rutectocrcone ding ance, 4s 750= 485 Power esa navorimeda ae insers of Une is soatmye 2 = B31 aston = so, 000 BSI xe c= ste pasenay <6) SHORT QUESTIONS, Jaq. Wha eon of tesa aratomneine? 22 Deinconswosn sorta . 125, Casi oor fans 2a Whar a motel sera? 25 Whats enmaymmene or 26 Demet BA Bem nim opt deg 20 Bae etron dns avans poe et (@ econ anders og (9 crs cd dre ap {© dees Wd dee da 210 Tithe tied, LM, Dele 0 een nt) gente, 21, ieee sad be igh ponte fo sina ey ns, ustatey 213, matinee. edrageoticen tosis (Tae) 1.16 Deine be sing tor ant ow eae. 4213, Fora welhdesne gee option He ding tor fa eeernce Yeo Bere fe plemeya 26, Li ego ad rion 119, Bete ae ese emer as 2g Wincteu rast 2a, Wine er ght ERS Wat chose nd i or inde? 1121, Diente ronan git nace td devin he 222 Alvan angi heen Ueveen Se be 2, Wawiesaape let 2g, ANNE fl epee le wl ae stint ct eis 225, Wou cuca eine? 2p. Why cote ee cined mete ng es eh EP Wins ese alt? 210, The ao onto dca sg nts fm deen soe 1208 ou 1) 09 coor (O08 ee 229 Whyte buenas 25. Whar ear snd pleas?exercises 2. Dee teen tery tere ae nd 22 Essense wi ast each. 2 on oud alas wih 48 sd use sch ng. Dw te ede ore, toms intsprt 954 MU Ap Awa 3. 7 CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSORS AND FANS nrRooucTiOn ty toudincbechanen ‘COMPONENTS AND DESCRIPTION Fg. sows pil enti come 1 rere 6 em ok oe ee eecome 688 : SS 4 : te AX e341 preateontiel capi a ‘The princi conamnea rete ingle ier, We ine rot ph pra ewe Soh the a npr Fe ste See eee Boeri eee en eg eee Seeing Seana wena ante mcmars nd heat du oft) The futon ofthe fuser so vet the Mae Enea. ARS ee ie ese oc oat en ire ecoeaoeraa We one cil ue 32 Pred ly dro fr crea empser ‘VELOCITY DIAGRAMS FOR A CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR Se ie gia prea eee cate Su tee coepa eee bree an Tr should be noted thatthe Bindegareroe ee eee ce ‘fine aa Se ica ss sibmechueed ia fom, Rimless, FAT Nag nncteeuceennctae 4 ae 3 fam, re (0) ne rc roe ih: BeBe ecm eth Booth een se (0) otc wc ge ee Woy ane al gtr (ee. 3.09 F392 ap aon fy 0 enw Cg = ‘Sige iy wher 6 ote nd compen of Bebe ey mae spsticior te tng mit nat Cy sheconpne af et (te ev ol ae wt sons ope A pls ‘ese the en Sect hen f= vet omens odie at ony a ee shed getly oe dePw 4 lc rogers abner ce per oon ft fie tdp asin lettre wie aeons moi Pie 15-inch Sip denen Aon Cae Oy, Reering ate atone frie wali sedion, Canteen ‘Sushine norton Teor a he ol fe pg? aon rote feoo roe oe ping Be Fre 8 The ete yee igele Bae {23 Non eng ht ears 0dr sengd {fasta orci tayo teeta soso oa ssdeeilwchwe' der neigh etna Tiny beet Batis ed epnreaangrnen Gareftle ts (lenient ps Geena quinn becomes ein Tos ices onda een oor fl ‘ahaa. vey igh res canbe bio de "eBid avtarequationvea ei fr eles a ap ee Forege oP «Be Hb ets l= BGs e000 en w ere and Bare fron of 28 “The Sante por aren igen = Ghia spo eter. eENERoy TRANOFER FEE cam Fomine ely Wang 300) rene, th Cy am ue vey ge 3.36) ox Ins fe 0 Argh sption 03) en oly ei cs tion 3. STRSTR Te ise raat Spent easy wep dn ening see a a Sinn at \ipoWER INPUT FACTOR “Te ponent ft th Work tr1 elo haows a ge nai afi Up leasing nee a fr ani pew ves ape a ‘nth ac emu uae leee ‘deanna waif Orcag tsetse thiin cone cass theta ates eed we MOLLIER CHART sr si isin te in prendre nts sa chai etn onprrts howe Fig Peed Meter ane eco conrse 1. tnlet Casing ‘hecor extn common Comauane notin 421 eg hy fe SF} eto] as 2.inpter ~~ ois dono he falco npr td eres itd em ES Whig ee perntma or ereaye im = hago i a FV tcyaneG ‘er thea ena Bsedon tele ery of el Tas haw = WU} Um +0 — wy ae ees! ens) om! fe! fers! ta! ae fee tSc neon 0, ei oi esta ey i {rom the wm (U3 — UF)/2, “ (im = exe formtor 2 yond Suattig hy = CoP and earache Sino on wet ndoneletheitwe hn gga on 1 Miata ens damn ai = amt = rola =9 “raphy = Cy ay! 14 nin Trt“ Poe = We npowtcernirto! qr a ran tetera fol ow sly Cy tit as heron enced ad nr he ot de climauap stingy wis een pegs) ape re Sn tei cnaon to es per tapn sr feiy (8 = “Teepe moines wih epee bine eh shoul te nae cenuioa emo we propornal he fhe ip ptt or ‘ipsa spl spn wetirdio wut 0 mi Tip press ‘sna Presse cP pose i lr ingles fer ‘Soreadm nhl wed Cp m rie tes Plt UN POE H eg 38 ped for con" shown ni Ble pepe) ewe 18 Over prera ee lgee 3 pe STAGE PRESSURE RISE AND LOADING COEFFICIENT “Tee eee In catia sage cs bh ing, ier a he sa scan diner anole Inhiseson te henson eeprom, ingen none ‘Pe AERATED 89 TARR TS RAS= Cnt, Fay Pye sa(e) ee wine = coma] a) on B= reciym ustte~ Cx eo16n) hes fo—sgni pe o ©. vto-ecam geome = Oca “4 ee a Woden 12? <2-F— Subesiveing equation (3.11) in equntion (3.10). we get = OR = greet yy Cn ay Po veut) re we | cot 7 stip es sae pe cota 1 2080 tent — stew atone tntntren neBe te a-[ an Z “Te resem Pressure Gootficlent fon [rain on] a pra cise ea oe mth ao ‘Toeloang or presnre cotinine Ea From he out ela sang 3.8, Forside L CeL Pron Aone tient ypis a vr = Maken tein = oe ihe age peso smal ee el (ato, = ataie ae our oe Ti dton or bee maa DIFFUSER, (2) Volts or SerollColloctor Toe esr clon wet onane H tines aces eo he pee of te lapel nd ond Gr acon rege vent ' { gtr ae ves tr ihre ithe with of te te paage peapeticl tps (fe inptr de sul te sve we peer ws La be aig ‘sherman bg nie7m > two Manes Pines 0 le de ort, = erabn = baal tions omitted he by comer farce (nC) dc Carte : ‘ot oly and oh sete vlc“ gota ao cant a. Cor = Gyn canst) c = SE Qraimistareie'C. Touche mute geand rtre ors ete en eet na cin ih aae aes bea "Avalon san as wif rnge ns flowrate Debs on Sow ‘te pect hac eum eo ae ipa an ces 3 on (6) Vaned Difusor . Ine vane ise x ova a 3.1 ae ec ise let ‘Sa ory ana r sinerghtithgerfiene (eng of ou ud nt a rue) ne sie "Ae o ifee at urns spelt eae ar ang impel 8 ove i Tol inl mon aout ano ce ‘re reg eft aoe Osc te sd a ord diet page ecseeting wate ete tonto lvegence plete het peseoichnineserl 9” 10ndtheesholtena sunt tounar ye be pemege ae 2. Toes far year conse wi be entero igter ‘tBu we the mower eer pps an he mr oF Teper pngen are worn ow car 1. Roem he fier aan oad were yma ‘ye ur stu weather ‘yaa Fom deen maton nes penea change Beso ow hen no th icp nil hoe oa ne een Te fy bec seyyele in dares The ely ofa lng Sellar sh te ral pone cue We cen om ‘er, Te der tet veloc nly ent eeu 00s, om wieder ie 3,Fora decelso of ef fom bee cy Ce 0G waco parng incest pesure tom Mie tm = be nada 2 Sh ‘og DEGREE OF REACTION ‘Thedeyeofrepteno acensgel empresa stg hen by n= hitb ste eipy a impr ‘Ganges any te aS = REE tha wha ett hn hot vlc of es ashy oad eohng Bo cmp ite nel () = 0) to toy ayo Osa = UUs Man) = Wht ~a(-@)a) om LU ~ gate abc pet con cae ey wang Rees Fe 3), d= dee, hey wa Sou Ch FW ~ C,, 000)" uta e,yoneaest hut —oreabs effec +0 -v097] ulaea-neanr] am rom he sage restr ie anresticn (on. 39). ten hay =U} A008) om ond Ge o Svttsing in (3.13) a peo (3.4 he ston fr dete fa ones) —juel+0 ~ UA = gre) 1 Belasco Bee Gb eee —zrct ery Sits D- aheomy aah deowetie 1 2sceiey ea) 22 thewfs— emPs~3 5 Ag Bo : Bi geae Go nikon oA eh) Feil vee y= SO ae ne low way = ‘woe Yy = 49008) _fiect of impellor Blade Shape on Percrmance “Their Made ses lied in imps of nia compress ae fe Gps te ig) Backend i Raia es ip Fema Hates () BackwarBucved blades ~ new ‘eka rh te cy Cy Dear umnterE Viele Bene = Uae Cy cOTe eo dpi = Cah‘he above eatin In he fom EF = 2 = bes whee o = URE oSoncansiont “kisah hacer eee ins (09 Radiat biases bo cast_= 0 ‘The ey waste is ost al Dow re es ch i (ip Foeward-curved blades now When ices, finan hrc wil thn ing lt ‘eto iors ma oaded cena an "te esto pe 2 Faewe 102 Ton saris erg eee ale Act rari fr ros la et er ae showa in Fl 3.1 chal ster ng las por angen athe temas Infecc becca esther een ees ‘hw sedonetwasinan perm ces yond engl fi} ‘fotos wer ccrer no eww mers ti comer ay (iy eo kmonan over Taiwan Seating ceri Teese oh ral nd ond cig wane comprar mer se ‘suman pore hen wil bandera os of en ext wil ave totelecare! fr teens ang, Whe Is slr mc iene, ‘nies fa sls mre iit cele a hls fat fa aa OF oy a “ae ews 117A rari fo ig Sate og Fach Mate Hie per ro. Ba tong age foi fre ng ope phates. 1. Law ices evn eSpace Fd 2 2 Gpersing ges lot i vessel ning onions ‘Blenarwtng eel opersng aos Bouffe eter bask rd ene hn with nes, ath pearing 4 high corpo ein dese, ‘Stn with bicker ane ae “Thera near te ay ler es 2. Neonates orgie dendrite wea 2 El ey men ip ite ni pss tse nl ds nn se te co cen ear te pct a fo ee ‘Sheng eul09 owe wires iogepeionroeurepetorsmcie et ‘Sa alrite ety aterce ‘Enh nt cipncor ames ncren eet conne tee ernst cay opr ‘Sitio ny pay fl Telarc ae nh ‘wae’ vee db hat Be i nec ney C2 as iw crn tamachon tinged eesti ena el al ho omPaver Conifer ety igs ei ae 46. PRE-WHIRI.AND INLEY GUIDE VANES 4 enc te Mach eer a an asl ae, pew sh be Tr, 3.18 omy tows thn ae ase apa a hel compnent Ci ‘etc sine, ab oge20 + Sh Spee OM abt lw me eee LIE es ies pte sn one aie i _Tadaly doce o 310 By tito he nt poe ae seduced curate be paler anal Prewil eneshine the deadening ‘Finsodng oa pre and ion we whchenood eer oman frantrtotecsovesin sles Al re dager pose ene n Lnting ves of Mach nombres Kgt ween 07-0 for Blow ver weve Inver vetocmry uimttarions Centon he Mah umber tee of sigh seen ae at ‘te ety wove may Weenie at ow rea ter sil nly Cy, wi eal vl (en =O) atta Yok esp empresa 2501: Large eyed diameter Femceminiy enon dex loiy Cisne di. Badereips owe townin eve ‘Sate ea) Case 2: Small aye Up diameter The exis vs ae be tase steels eahmon ne aot digr (Fie& 0) STS. Pre 6 cin ntl fore ne nd manana ecb oft etre cs eet vel ves Wah bet tet {hi nie velo by proper design. he Mach mane esas wed. noth ge ner lou he moma he thoed nis Gi Wich an Uy = Hsin0 > nasostcinas Tredow wes A my 2 noe wo perPne, esse = Oye os a( la “whet titan ERIE IS eto sy tenga te rat i notinick = Feeaempieraaiontip Sabin pF enon (16m epi 0.3, al elk hy = ieee cas) aus) on aus) ~~ ne cnmmaca Couronne a = RTA ond eo = GAT H)E eter 2-() aim on = Mc eam Suing ra an om again.) aa 8.20pm eon not Ml Ne) wnt cape tina ea Sshor teers ee See eeeeeenrenerng EES Seems f Lb my Fp eS ye momthc pmo aif ot canbe ein, Tiana ae ie eed setantaus an hens een emi. ie Since te ede ani man ara 0 a seta mn Mera cs ae ly ecto abe ea sane 86 sisicune apa em MACH NUMBER IN THE DIFFUSER soem es Deine orerctnet Pee eat thine eae Ser ae ener tna Scie amarante re tanaat trina reenter {orcs eon chan (eet lg tate. [CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR CRARACTERISTICS Ucn te aout tes crits core aw machines oth bio pnt nw of oe >a Rowe sso es Pow mace Loree spn met ts sped hen hws in Fg 38 Goer a conrtagt comes veg ugh lw anno ale sed afprite rset Tereher ‘ae ec Pee iraedne sly cet na 2 Incas by eit or Seine hmcy sewee Sar move nr both erga rare eat sedenope eae “in of Faas Aw cool vate Ieper see ea ‘lb arson owe Ta Sn Mecaber hetieny ba Per 18 ead dtd erie ovine minum eiceney cot corn her ices nar low ree heen oe Batt ip sete mona conpeed hte’ Tou th sau competi ‘lncasw te egy our eh rene atheroma fw Oca ra ut ee 20 pres smiaar pa Conapnting th i, sl i power ssnay he eee “crises omaceete men son ane us compesion en ‘Pan cone reach ony ely Su cone pt Creed a ‘nile praia thes cre idle ome bl ere hefeowing ess ‘surging ‘Teer of men tae he ny ps ri a trove eat ine tough som sexs Seer on haf = lh como lhe npr sop of be sure A reduc us Gow fet ary ed ate the pon ome one Per eeton aera at ‘aces psn cere maton se Cx he ome retort hguvesuprepn{1-eusioen sue eran ec. he Say ree Pees Hh rl eon De ah st oF ‘owt hiretienrecing. "Nou te samp i pra t ie 0 he potheslepe 2-4) oft cine on ne ren peer ees acer oe Pa Fy {gs Ron a Ye mie Sow exo homes pale oop he nner ven bce Ta hr ec al foe san Se eds fiw tu 8 pst fw eco bah once ap an ‘Shrorca pa pn eed a How toured opines Dror deen hs lice nc api Te compe pra in a ws Tien The preserve age bac nd forth if the dows condos ae changed pemnenoe Rn nga ‘pag Ton ae Sins pet rete mat urn, he set pues ‘Signe te weyers conprnr dent ge nad Bw ie ‘Sop ov ohwgh cul en Ble fe ume pet Sang ‘iden cnr ect ying he ume’ aves tour ‘iat pela tistnyopiafeterpeeer espa ‘Tintin an coun loaned ene cate mare OY ‘en ou ean be semisrece San vas mil ilar are male otatiog stat "epetomenon of reduction nmas iow at ah Bade aay ther nesefnience norma ig sl is sepa sl peewee. hi ‘oy ea sing bth exist on FS ne aig sadn, Fp Toe tes aw dimctns seme af ae pagernema Cf A ‘Since ppmeion ewe tir fon nson nrg tl preon {bs a ine ae A ct, ings a aa ‘aa low scotch na neath egle a cen ae ee de ‘Riders teow ms ow re ough page een asp eee, ‘sling nls ones eng iteee ere'9 h ‘Pade Ts tne 9 wil bebe nesta al whe le saad to ‘Ee ross epee sou hep fe. ‘Prongljeeanig nang he rt laa a aig iste tenn fermen esuogn reBe al ropepasin ts opsiecion Toacbinemoienats jee rad ose nearest sing ‘lla aul cogadh guest see ‘lw eps and sarge ranges Bast ase, athena gs Low donde al ay ch Choking hen he se ow ie ted oh pf pi cathe gave slp af ‘urn ae a. 2:8) apo reed where no ners in ‘nu fowisponblenomattc how negro conraite Thine tate fw vlc ie npr ache ie spe af oun acto om wait Iheconprer dhe Now chats Chotig ess ema ow te egelrs pest, Chev may te phe atin, ide thsi a he {ier econ tet et san gue ne ie nsbnay pnge tori eye at hea aba sory, tiie raning meta. he ae wit W" bate el vec my = sci 3 = HO Oe otein ors when te tive vec eq cua vlciy (Ge f= of rT sme sao ees vet JpPieneem- a Fete Tyre om risen ow, oh iy ein mia=me = hoary lexan ryt) See comeing opts erwin suricytenernl™™™ aay, 0 fom err ve] hat he kin M5 Sow ences wt impr Matiom mats negate renal ow he io oni “ sm lta frame oy9=1" gay beeen 2st ite hg ih Panag #0 +l 638 ce“Toewearmeguson 9.201925) m0152by leo peowarecaterefecne ese aly ar Ot as WH Ts TE etreiaine segs ae) e120 Cte comme har ee (CHARACTERISTIC CURVE ig 3.20shove se vet petra ane lsted mina 3 //P fre ee uel of 4/7 pal tar cantante pote ‘necorcsontingcms ican lbs oe ae Cure oe ee {is tae pat npc mc ceony caren, Te lowe sli fGrareci essed om ph {Ataapee he rte rs ow eer hich be cen copes il pres etresging cai Seu he wie at he ep oes itespet een, 4 Marimumelfserey te in) carl un steeping t "gor ofocnrer inne mone oan dow cage 1 Rraponlr pecs lw re dette rr Mane 4 Foc ie ree ral, mB tenets nese pe. ‘Un oen cain, Mine hour pl ‘re ont ine ig me ih es Rows, he ped res, his hlbeca lint fei wenn hee Tt ae oir ty cating te spate chest ef nis fw eselbywaleg feo cr ane SOLVED PROBLEMS Example 3:4 10 bf ar per acon i be somes ina ws tee smn ene ae eset pesmi ees, csr and 20°C Te compan a 00 rein, hs eno ey ‘Sr don, ae omit fom arene pres ob pres ‘Thea oat igasye vhs weaty 155 ma who pel ASI ‘hel boraine idpet opp, cel ena enpere Sing compan de pe eae ey maze bP ep ‘reofuedupaame pone qed woe comps) he ra Elmret ee foc wath nr layne om solution 1 Rin i Sota temperature of ie compressor ‘ani0Kes Pathe 2K N=200mm n=O Raceline “tye ibm Gund Faith 095 Statin apes a Ty = Tce, oer “Teagan ser beep cemrein om P to ae na span teint om th fen a Gen seg attTeas= ta : = Wson-suyos 1 Impoter tp speed and Inpeier tp ameter Wim cats Wim = Cy ona i ino topes ets ~ To) = tas ca = inst S361 = 09505 Us 1 = 96M “Ts eine ip perdi 92 le >, hosed sant ten FBO Fo diamer-9etmocten iy Powor required to crve th compreseor Powered = my We ong = wx ist are 44 Bye external retro) in fi AO nig! Example 3.2 20m? of persed IC tobe sempre in faa to sth leet ad oa empl niet open nd if imp te gla wn tw he ptr si age (Gy eats of na emt and oui a Besse vo ser ‘eect pear o eiltne Qhammn Marte Tha meK Baas cnta=tomp 0, Bets cncancomy 06m Diatam N= S0—m {a} Blade angivs and flow angle net = oh A= mseo et ee ee qe = “he ac git ptr it 20 etary ftps oe a sic te Cnt B = til 5 = n(2)" eamat = mek c, 2 itha-an = mam “eel ne into cing 262" ar “The blae ate atime ols 1.36 Db} Breacth of impelor bade at nit and outlet Toi be Girerin! eten ra 2enhes ‘cornmcn. Coane worioe <9 —_ Tae Teer ofp Beatin 17.7 AM Lom AY wpe Exit ge 2 TSI! vy = ts26@ B= Wetentca & * aernere by = 065m Example 3.3 Asin te ei et delner M hgh hon peruigatanapanon presertact lana pedo 0 elas, (wan ‘Solation me ligis Py = thee Polat Ty = RK amps = 09 Huy nk “The pane soln my be writen ae Ye = oven = 05% 101x08ee (g)* ses re fo be Ur = orem Ore Zt znd = Oem b= wen Example 34 tn esp corer wi lg anes ering ie {peeve vocy o91 Staaten declan Deere {Sette Mac ny, ven ean yok ne le aes ‘ingle al hea benef. Ts aap nein se 1D mpl amar tne 57 me Otek et om 13 Rata cmpomes ory wiper on 9A me 9 Siptacoreon 1 opletee” 1.00 pe 1 Soe ere pear —"29 5) (p Take fy = 288 Koad y= Last Solution: G = s15m a alge (NY wane roars Bian awe Comrvane ConnsssORs ANON 9 or 2 oe - tine wr In ive Mach er Muy = oh Que, CMa Tay = ooo RAS «13% fe 2 trem 1 be 2s eanm as Be 2 GataFoxe o 2 mam ssaay. NSE lina coer more19 > temo Macrmer commoonscouneices oF «101 J ~ yo tip ciemator (2,) 7 ve = a(R)" pene = lot obe. L alhustvemoieetensy of = Exon a0 inpetor dp ameter (2) es aoafeo¥ -) hen opr ang 80. = vauter =m Fine 070 . = mp7 rasan" & = [a fovea Secon ‘snes Us Setation Ut 456 ratisonge Met atin ty nso eer Wm Chace iz0m/s ¥=07 Cy t20m/s = 0s wa SSkas e078 (it) Blade angles at aye hub and eye tip: (2 Main dimension of peters eri este se named _ ost” From inlet velocity triangle (Refer Fig: 3.0), nam i a= (2) = soit = ot) A. ostn i Pa = aera ogee ~ ORR = 4098OM _xxoms 18.00 ae ree (e) Power requires Ws me, Ty ~ Ton p3 Laat) Woo 1sanw Example 3.6 Te fon darn esp! camo IfiGW's eed ten Socnsesrangic on ate nach aber eo 1 tide 98 Solution D=08m Dynaim V= 10m mesiaie, Ry loneee Ty =3sK covrarcnsCounsns Fs 103 Since the dest ana woe conga hint ofibeindcer seine Me Siar vten are doers yl an erorme fe ae ee sss Da cpl ess ima cb pete ae ts pon EB «O12 acm wo o2s— 01 be DOD pt ans OTe 2 ian te na oe ho Lomsk sy cao (B82) ne alg) Ge = sah oo BIE sonny? ae om eo oeeo eT oe ee eo me be be nant oo( ay ons? tl * TOS OTERO = Imeem Sie aes td yey eo ea ern a selene can mG sop sem? (cre moet O) = ge wore 0 From ttn eo win Rae Fe, 3.38, nas & n= ort ( ‘sar ‘Tiss the nanp sey hence nds = = cuss, cormucn.counasons mo Fs 105 with ia Niargle iV 6. = Caney = E69 61.35 = iste n= mt = mi en Solution Gy =Ihofs 0, =09 Ur=BOm/e A=O0tn? 9, =09 a (o) Exit absolute Mach numbor106 > ramones commuon.Counutes one 4107 ‘Fram outie velocity triangle (Refer Fig. 3.3(0)) : From the isentropi relation, e+ fara i “aie oe Sice 4 Ta-Tr = eU}/Cy _ 10074288 = 39mengs = 9K . ‘ : Example 3.8. 4 sovbiiey cenafl conprer he ptr etd ‘placa 79 mm and 323 an ie eter 2044 apr seed 0 pn, Tho eine cones 8d 104s Clase ‘sie forthe ing so angie te tnd up fee eS gen (pat pil Tne ul none ofl ty const oat ‘BEejeun nah: 1E As compute mauimam Nach umber oe i ne ‘poe andthe aes oben To deste conpetebs ihnnge tha hep nheted mapproinaely ep swe metal Dp=017sm Diw0stIs0 m= 20h : NZ tectarem Tom 8K” Hye 100KPH Ce = Dm wl Aen of Pow be npr oye A= Lola = = Fons ans = dasa? . += Tee (0 (9 pater etn sooed Be = [us ceumny! w= ae - ® a e, = he Paseo : fe Thane e2ntbe 2 met -eer eT TT (2) 09 mnpeter eye nud speed ty = EEA e375 16-000 = esa ely ing a 2) RSS «10° : Om aa = aera Nr . is TT bu = 3638 (0) Maximum Mach number athe oye Masimac Mah oanbe ecu a Beep . Ma 0 ie My Cu = 26129" sammy 2 msiomi wn (a= eR 2 Bem da Be My = om ‘Example 3.9 cement we ie in at 00 Xa and 309K Heaps 1 prenue n ) SmE.whlecopmmg poer 34. ower “Mn na 18 mt eho see Is, cermin a So luc tet oxen Solution alone 7) 2100K aH -0750mW6. Inpaipamer 38k tp me (2) tass rato LHI agi? po Fen Ee a sas? P= ppb = 10 x98 «0.950 = Besnimt et wow dome = aia = ass = oni He wo dom Acta word = oon, Wim = MBIA ‘taper int = Meter povr ne te w = mow heaton the me owe(0) Volume rato o = mp = 33mm = 204W% (6) Bet properties of alr Ann = ar Am rar = wrasse Wim = Gym co BE ns rie ZB mon Be = anak’ Example 340A buckoart-svop ens fin delay eta 75m WG basa impel dame of em andansat720"pm Tele sega {gi 39" adhe wid of he imple em Ang comet sy [13s and denny 12g en he nen ng ps ‘evo tape resctan nd pte sce ‘solution l= 0075 @W.0, y= 080 Ne t0—m | Bad byw Ole. CA 8ISa/s aera? () Fan efficiency lect wenk seg = PL = toanee = ao esstcoon2 = ers Win =U, From eu ely eR 4-930 Cy tatty Uy (Gumpn tn 2 ROM Leb ne a= = nen Ccommvcnscoumcons ating {1 fy = SS -Cs/an 30 = nseie wim = dass T36 146823 ng Fant ny = etree (0) Discharge 0 = soc. = xasnangas = 558m (6) Power required = 2 w120.5se = 2071916 W = ‘nvm = 3arc6825, 2 amaw (a) Stage reaction Example 3.11 tucks roy (fs 7) ce i wih mpair ‘sera ta emiieqaedtolnes iim (9 foal ere ‘hon We, Tetow encom seempelarene arate power pp me tet Leoom ro ott ee = ‘och inet Demi he nti. te cei dep sf "evcton lsona een impel wish est Solution 20 Dymoatiom mara madigls Bia 08K mi, (eran nteteny vtokane = (28) = 23m = 208i 2 Santo <3 caus) oath tne 9 Tenctey + 2 (2) Presircoofctent Prem ot vlc weg Bele.) Co = Us= My = 02=KCn/ ic = Ul fone} wm EE sme Gy aaithen 3e ivan) = 222 Osh som oe oh oh D Satnoasa3800 4700p et hatepman 2 haat . 2 anos a Se (€} Degree of reaction (a) Rotational speed pe a WHE, 35.00 160 = “xb” 0486 = 1889 9m (6) Impattr wiath at exit a a2 8 SG," eau TR = hen sample 3.2 A sri ierne 00 mT ile incest eeonieieereeanemea ite tir the spe of exon 658 compote et a al ‘cnt penton Tam onde resi, ‘atthe 8) Solution Mn 300090 D)=075m Cy HST se ee Rese ons (2) Ext bade angle ty = TEM #4075 w 0 = UTE mye “Tedegte of maton is eae mm = 0m = e197 o 1 osminaFrome outer. 30. Me = th=Cn = trates Demen : one Ae Ae : (9) Powe nout Yo en 2ey00 = ua estsere Fissure (0) x stagnation pressure Example 1.49 cot as ie lowing donee be Impl o aent of parm ate ely ey Finale 25 enn oy al sn te 0 sand 17 te espn. ped Sth ow rae 03 pl an oer 70%, etrn stg presario econ nw power ae teeth im ase ety ao 25 68/8 Tia oe 58 conevn commen £118 sotuton Dixie Bi=osm Geren ciate mcoagn glen” 5D (a) stage totl pessurn iso A= pth Hed seahy othe ES ‘pi esa pe moe EEA Sistas Oyo TARE stn (0) Dogroe of reaction ahh TaRe ap = them [estate] = vanes sssy veswyo? ms ooo oc o c ocr:rr errr ee (6) Power input ce Work donee Wak doeyee = tinh a Ceara = osiai784555.¢90 > Kew Example 3.14 A cenit enc pes eirhy Ham of wae, silane sn spa of rm andansming Smet HP pwr Frese an enpentve of hea he ne we met Tema 25°C eis low ae of rs 20 pn Fed he at reer ivan owe ieee) Sowstion ediee2 8K =2Oigr ia Inascieb soo (a) Ext static pressure fear pith = 13,590%985 07510 BP = pesdil = 1000981 x00 hE Tonseiry (0) Volume ow ato C= la 20 m= 988 101081290 . = Sieonn® @ = wen. Saimin we Xe a, an. ae SHORT QUESTIONS. Ersgonpeon don an mp Cen compu ca domaine es Tati) ‘Win a he avrg ed iarnger cepa coe? ‘What rhe penton of entaa tompree Deine ose he tong ree 1) Compas “Teipaevanert tee een wy? “Teen fon of gin oe inp of ema compen it Asa Impl svi compress real he eas eer 8p rien 2 pecucenen oy (6) Rn na peso ‘haste oat of citar aa centop compen? Di beer ler nin ars egal cmpnt Iisetemiosomeesrtineaniefon ~~ econ nono ‘These age ine eed ote aia econ it we De he ne nde wey ipso ent compre wth ‘Wan shat enn? ‘Wha toslpeordln? Dsl opis rl op. ‘Dene i pn centiepl emeresoe owen esp ereoced cena compen? Deseo ‘Wet Seana tr egution. ‘The Sn ip near eqn orn vanes oye = 1 =080e/2 (haa 1-06 @ocucosinn fe nrwoe . 13.24, Slip ccstrs oven i be Mud eens. TueFalb) | Beacon eo we ag a cen Pree reap {27 Beas it at emp ten 38. The ps ecient Sd vel oop sey ead ty he ‘sion (8) n= bribes 330. a cn 3.30 perce in| 231 Thain fry on it ge a 4 ayer toes es ante mmr mp pages eae Am. Taiagece oleae dito peng he ero eg (930-45 V3.4 Dede cin. 3135. Dette dpe of reton . 336, The eet eaon ordi esi ioeea gona een eia ayy Whar the sae mule dion achoxeot mt oc orwacd facing 29, Farrar eg oer ve be preety, Ca) 3.0! Bet tichnicne tied a acer lng ne FS) ‘al: Nninpton ety itl cee ema pe AA Whats? MSE ee 2.45, How cane ig acu eed? 343, Wha miag sae 288 Routing lis ri of redeced mas Now alas) Ar. Thesal pops opponent aon on spelt ow arpa comrter sped Tae) 323, Te cya wr doe on basen scene mores Conan mrusnsannPane $18 EXERCISES 24. Dowie shor acon compe sag nding epic 52, rats of ns heya impor sane use ani sh 4.3, Brnraronty-enony dram fore cogs compar sage shoo Jig metastases in come rman Hb areca HE 36, Dore Siodts raion er te sp sor? 41. Whats reser cote a ene conpsr se Dre aso: AS Power san tt (a) Noor sr colecer 19) ince ier (e) Nand ise Howe ie etn aco em de leone oF) ‘hr ow afin nl td ot ons 2.12. Basics ib dep rac fara snag aga pores grey neon 1.9, Bry ein te ate of ach mpterane epromane of | ‘ela cores Why ra ppm man omen wd entfos!conpee sg” 114 fal ra ht sean LIS How cose Mish nner toca ened rao he hw nd tne cena compres sage? On wat coters, Mote nig le of se Mach bo ee bt ho eets eset20000"9m Atenas nee bne np eto mee [dass (0247 iy) 72m aod 3}. 6191 5. Acemitya compet npr a ars etic 3 ‘Mates 45000epm an te iat fowl Ina (Cet theta poms tated ots Aa tue 99 AF and 293K rapes. Deere Hade meh eh ‘ison engl) gnton ces here {@htenaonton wre ing ef oa city oe Ee 8376, 95.4% 043.8 S38. AP ieee mas ow sue kp Teele Sane eae [isms fe area einem emeat 0p ae if ad et acon (ate pres (mk fon ot (ne: (8127609 trang 3.49 6080 KUO aE) (8034 220, sal sd ceo compres or 5k th pone tele riya) he ie tela on ped : arcu 20) (202.2% (2 is an 464,98 mo). Neco 1g ioe 97 ns) 33 an) 15987 0, A ceniigl compressors inlet ue es ot eye shh ee. Snwisnsievdmencyobe ner Abeupra cb eyeteii aire Mach mbes ota exceed O75 sda impel total een) of {requ The areas i ip te mt gue nes 9 ay £50 fe pte ener O85 m edt out ae 0.6 Tera conporenof was stent for pele Om dhe eters a 2200p. fasta Dieta de pls Ts ih aed Py = 01 Rh ‘reson noe dope on ol tan: 6." ang 0 20724 {VSH Hl 1019 BP spc The tle rns wn pee 8 0, caisoehe c aerate esting ip epee tl fice 99 parce ole ow fm epee ne n08260)5:9 ‘compre perntig aa tid fama gst 12.0 9m ‘Sass ap eer umed be O93 Be owe aor hae ol ena ny 0, Cae ts (As) 0459) 235 mm cenit compo wi ar oneal sie lof as ipl Fpcder 0 vena Bow ae fpr ont 12 mt rit Cope ofthe ec ager xt 30 mrad he a ar 09 ‘Gils the stale Mash per ees aed efeitos {eto econ 998 Tae Ty 28K aed Fy = he (Ans) 07855) 957k)10.28, asc compas wha id yea ne Siplaceris091 Teroorep gehts Tas haw tat 5 ‘Metmtetcnons wot eal Tapeawere Coe otc) werkt prt ar poe md or scans ficieny of am) 629 0 3547 ga 1 54969940) 127. Te toning dua frase anette {tcp «830 pnw tare igh Sa Rate py hie Fs:amospricpesrnstomprr ae e939 (sera hoc cy 097 Fa aaa eee) utaedtiepresereacicns ES ee atneapet 930) A: 82.38) 3853 Ke) 27083 an) OH} 2.28 A doses esi empresa np eee pda ‘Rotem 0 mani tde gta sent 10 pn ‘hemp angi net and tp cfbeeysferis gen 3 era mth nl deco rem 9a The ae component of ‘sii ircouane an nope nut 138 1 Tana 5739" nd 899297), 229.9 cena tows wh in 180 ya of a at y= NS ad 43 Cant eines Soe wc Tkng eee ses focus od 12 respecte dtd poner eee (Mebiowr andthe fete asap 9 4 00°, ye sa ine ltecg non ore) ‘A eng wit aaa rps pss ibe een el mate pe nemp scp we HR SID KN ctr ig St 0 pe RUT actin tac en ipl emg a po et 5.31 on renin 48D gm hs a ‘ade ipuranpe is ere te al pee sed yan ‘elinngle so tc The i ws are 02 oe he par pond Ste ans how 36.47 mW e128 12. Acetone borane apes pat ‘Mot stances nylon le Tesgntoncios afer Tae Lae oan Comasynanorane $135 the gc ht tet ae sels 38 i and he compre tnt etitncy 07% Compas te point nd le Ans ya 9m (6 OusHanaceea! Sm ns inal ih gee cg nt tens sh ie he a poste 1a al a Te ne es ar abd pay a of ‘gnan pore hens oute wn rs few 216 ‘Renee rape ican SCO Tk ptr 9 he meetin ihn oi {he wheel he densi ofthe 1-25 kgm an as fw ne a. pelted ectvien beeper Siu couremneeneceee ier aaah bese) ct in saan ha ete Ioan eine 158-Esimee a ent 2 OSE reset aecagrt 64 An 0h 002895 Xa L152 WSIS ‘soil ro sone 0 ae ean 90 Thelin wy a mate nb Tee ae ‘coli nd ts powrand ea dele at tgnt 03 ass neat skw ane 21991eb ex e — -4 AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSORS. AND FANS TRODUCTION ge he sl Bw congress high ht per uit 5, laa mu of pe ol om we Tieton dane es comply DESCRIPTION OF AN AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSOR ‘An Hw compen cans, rahe a of eg seasig ‘Shee! vig es ate te pry f 9H lone Fret tnd tached he wall of eo aing (i 1) ee be Eo aw fae at Ener ude anes eB The doPeek Aepoleonpesr ete abba st a ny pie bea eas fore aso Minha a iter cng ue atta ctisen emis eee ete tcngaet Sento Sy amare every aegis sere ata teenecapaet ney tal te oe ete Ste eaico een aan workin PRwctoLe et ny the ernie wi enc imesmeinra soneeacypcachoat hana ‘Rienty pti ies eneraidy octet tne pte, “Stic papers nag a ee me Shame tae he hse ane RDEBEE TE Siete aor toe is fan tae ame Petipa nei ‘lel oui Shenstone nese hein aac ooo aoa Sepia dvr lee eae a ae s ar Roeconmtsons ofang

nto Macimes ver twos, 24S Beenie VE @za] “Swen he us nine wy ans we apetingoa, 28 eng seley dap sper 8 4 ase 2¥hen 8203. From fons rion screens enta ‘Sic ae ony oe nd we i case ~ 3 Wien 20: “rms qe orton i 4.10). fund Date seman erent stern rogram a 7p Frey be cnr snl ange stewed ea ie) ring = noni 2M Yip Omran Ee yaad cures Pace 45 af acion on bag Avton il Spersnsdl wasteadt ere ri sige stare gol te tar te Ths Solna un scams Shes arod ‘Sflup sogmtn rem sr anton nc 9 pecan con ‘Stina nf ‘STAC PRESSURE RISE “he tl cio ag eo i he wi pss Ts ad ices rom Ra we a ge eae ce (ieturson A, eons nd oe eyions 9 fon elawtewh wa pn etn eh none lact- Tuo Mamas ‘hes mache with oe vr Nd cose hie Rosion tae = Stan = Sonn vusm Te mtorr wih ean Ther odie pit on sig acion canton Ta We ihc ‘vc ph lt ine care (©) Forced Vortex or Solid Rotation Blades Ferthistypcf Row te onions Toshi the al asa i wy dene ep. ice Gtscntong eco anemia spar oe eye diet] mn(S-Bun For fc vrs design, Cy =r tn Ci, weunn =a Sng oat cy mince fom nn ig 4 Pee 8 Wk deena ede ade (6) Constant Reaction Blade ect al elt, Cy ould ay wi ada ut esa ean ae Soins easton ade be lt Cy he acto 0 we smu nali i efron nna ealioe. MULTISTAGE COMPRESSION if ceonprs ns ape conprsion fo oy pope wo davePew 62 Compe pina mies cmpeee te seni eteny fe neon is f= oes, “Anthea A Tes ms tm 5 na ere le ps, he ni Wm ash) 40m ha) eA bs, ad su rsa esas nage, tse yea ee 21 = smn ftnyes =) spite sumer soni af mumbe feta emp ene Bao Secon ous phe crim oem pu esd as y=) Oho) BO > hove =) sing eri omen an sc i ist te nas ih rn nd “The ocr st pase ro malas onpresoran espns ‘fama nag enya. [Renin Stari Lae! teat he! Ge! fa Wise emia ve yet eps et aah nga desing sett 1 ace Sosa eo ges ON, en Poco auf Taghr Tapes) = To + HTT inte iting bre eumeccete oe ‘Ue tise ey pies of presse hugh bcm ‘SOMPASISON BETWEEN CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR AND SIAL FLOW COMPRESSOR ‘recep been se estes ano sgn elon alow component (1) lection of Flow across the Compressor In cena coerce, th woh te compe ipa nkes pe Igy mala sche papel tothe ate empeae inet teers coronaria deen la) Pressure Risa por stage ea omar hh ne rs (Te i oo esr hel ow sh obepeonded seater sages ‘seri Bow peel ana woe ond wb sae (2) sentropte Emctoncy ‘Tica ean of oi coms tai 8D Ea a {x ow compress surptsrthe manana carpal compres efcieoy ‘outcem Tica eta power occ shige peur a (4) Range of Operation Cental compere hee wide rngcol operation twee sing a dking Ti A ae en operon at Be chee by tee abaie mei adie aes, Kigh ef} fr mil How oper ated ‘iy in mn tage pnd cs pee eta ee ge eee ee a (6) Fromtat Area ‘enon ecu hye efoto a ai ow o- ek meting Pee ow ate ah (6) Working Fats “Seetrman fe compen ss uch icy he wl ‘a Unerseh como he panes compecon ey pate (7 Starting Torque ‘Cena empress nowt ning ae tn a fo conor enamel (Construction Cenesg erperrsve alnp il wd larly hep costeton ad Solas powwsngeetser seat (0) Muteisteging stig mare sabi fo ana aw compree ht ge nee Irene Toma (10) Application Cental comprar ve hen uel ed ovig machines inset ‘thee row ese retieaon ie pes eg. ‘iran spear contin ins Thy be oben emsayed Sater Song neceata ‘al vw compra eye I gas high este it ‘indent ss tarpe mnie pe pass Meee CHARACTERISTIC CURVE i 4.10 tow hn os lige sl ow care kaise wih ha econo compo sere ba ep ‘hetcue an or acne anon Eta ous Techcnrrc canes he oNowts 1. Tee desen mae Now adres Jomisvor cae sein go «fed perio an dey ear (Epc mypn owning wil crea pd ence cence gle ‘shinee rt mh at tar ery cing nln me map smi i Fe 4/0 Al i conor carer ces 2 Aumilinctens inns low wl ealox arpa in gree aa eit AST te Sop harap that Ce incre. Tre ia he ae eeepc anpnbe veteran alg iE roger wah nie eden. Fae ra ansaid the epee compres cl Peseta crn th ae spo! U resting a been Cells tg pte i int ea «4 hone ain spc winapi ol 3. tri evenly ‘Seals ere Ti wl een dh eu no eee aaa ‘ieimience elon tobe psc umon b omorea: Boa eigen enw heres ners he ey anton a eat ‘sting condoned sbve show wie aie se SUN Stifter enero ‘SOLVED PROBLEMS, Example At. Tefevig dicen ata tow comme fm ‘eclncanies sr and Ay = 100 / eres oration SD 0. tis Cot emer presi a ee sce metnout fables poner ent bah solution aor Bhar ‘ac, = wom Roos Na3ko00 Deauom Protie Roane 0K ‘atm(2) Alrftow angiaa,) Since ®=05. 21 =n bua =F -s0r 30 (©) The prossure ise Bim = scene n= Wales, Ble mein seed NON _ 3 x03426,000 a2 Ogee" Oran =20-22088be (0) The amount of sirhandiod ‘Aa vei. Ca igen by Ge ee = aR tae 7 arson = nme ow na Ai = D> = xoxo = bat wt (a) Power 5 Bt 10055562533 wD wre Example 42 The folowing dee 1a on ti ow compres ‘Amoi tperane ad pest nt te 6°C ana bo Toa en ‘ein ty ie 1a Taduivay pee 33 Sane ‘esr ey pp 3S Col tal hnd were Beene.) npuoictscy. dea ely aden fntpn 9) Solution Pyne T=vIK omrie=osk Roisie Aes (@) Potyrepteofctency Ga! Gee! Kee! thee) Hl oa onb a ee ea ae area a 18 > Tom Macs Caesars naan n= m()" - a2 ° I9a758 ‘Example 4.3 An cigh says ail how empress prove an veal pesece ‘aa wih rane cone 5, ten te empresa ‘inti 20°C The wet ed oul eee ease ASO rss ‘Sud withe eon tase din nnanda sons snl esi 10.0 toceh te empsir site poner eed de sgh: Aste a wet Solution a8, BM 8 4 09, Te ma, Gy 1s 5.0 188m * Fe: 50% rao tsbin, te ls ar syed ad she ley Sngrane weiniestny= Danson = ithe cones pres were mpc he perce fing te cooper tagewouate ‘Tee oven emopc efile hen by insta Oe Wordnrig Gi T = Mx Uunn en 1405 s1961—29) Siocon = ten Jandy tana o From nk vec courion F-A2, Ua Cyt = eatanay nf) rat mmertunn = Za Moe o a os B= om Satin te alo oft y= 1.485 in. ge tina = B= bas = =m ‘Pier rgee pre. mcr 70 = Te onssi06t— 295) = arreuw Example 44 A matitoge ai ow compres aborts ¢3 a when de ning 20s 5 om saga candtino Ibe w 288 KI plop ‘fcesy of conpesionb 09 ee sage sagan sie a am Sonal (peste compres ute (he amber of aps) ‘Senep eficeney f ompene Tempers ae te sg yb we Solution“Tecoma power (6) Overau isentropic Entcioney Solution a) Number of stagas Pou og fe seve USc, = stom 4 = ass on eo re a ee a er et.rrr ee ee MAE Nena) CeCTay Fed Me rosea 290) mam 7 ee = amie vin (@) Change ofentrapy Same 48, An ym: ane fm 12pm pe obec ero ove cell ie nae Sse aneanttoig ne tay lean See gis sage ees Sroe wan 9 Setaon a y= 1.00.08 srennnewe Bie tearm meow eave Hoare (a) Power required 57s 10839 ower pat = Wine messjoss = ese safont (6) Reaction ratio. (2hiau Pine = REN Bas oar Example 4.7 The fstsag tap ail Sow compe dels psi rao {C12 The ne prose ed emer we 0 ar and 3G specie. The ‘Sapam apna sed tem seta o cane af wl web ‘oti vlc 205, Dotnet compe pnd ne neta Gamer 30 {Also id este easy oe leigh onary ne ue anes. Solution % (0) Compressor speed Baz nati Peow nev (anata 9 Fn30K aq ao8s s05e = dau = 03 (oeruysorfentt—y = nosk™ “Te work cone praageie [E-carmeue,-n] oe yen) « Wane, Uae 95 = Spo we 70 Spe, a (8) Atsalute velocity of alr Sins be vey gra ssc Ctl = Users <8a tenses 2 E Ue tend Cy Cy = OBS RIA eye Solving S06, 408 Cy we Bota Sam hos Cape Coches 2 ems mnt ely gl Rai (4.2) 6 = (GLE, encer esters an 2 man raaias Aecamole 4h st of on ow compe tent ne Ser fan ipl a oe Stone engcnae fb Are Therapie sod a Th wSstan on ing ofr opstou nee et "rman neo au so Kee beta comet crennentst eters Sinmrtoweaneg bets eng sapasnpescee na am, Cahier seaion wasoona anane Ba0s Ano Corian neaton BOHOK ts =e ‘en si ip th cy ne hee Somers n= ong it ~ Fa = mink wi = Maa (ven) oon (JAC RRT ABI) acs my = abe ramets / 2 aise J 2 msisais (iipradus (ox -un pd = ene = tn (ae tal eo we ee | aocoe er meee go eet eT eee et TE apenas eT a am (0) tase now Dy = 060, = 0620297) 0.605%) = 035m (ose? -0a8) (orev wea ca G3) 42 tenor eau ohne 2 nine (6) Stagnation pressure ratio tan fy mang, ~ S287 * fe MO 5,39 ~ Ope TELSTTSS compere bale rst mean sn iver ely The ege to See fo a gution try so en Renan enn ot end cas tn re Solution WOM) Une Ways Uy = 20015 amaIve Ca N0mje 208s Rea (2) Stage ar and otade angle at moan From We wer dove pr sage(98 > Tama cies {Fem een seg ad oe : sein = ESO eas an = Har uns Ain asm ars ‘sting on ineqotion th. ne vn die = oxs~a72 na = 1008 Sect te 05. aya foe ance (2) Stage ar ant bide angi att (ub Fave esas cutoncrs © Govnoin re ee ay From syn eter 42 th = Glos emai satay. AuaurcwCounanontnaring £18 n= pas age of eaion| yw Coteus ans) {0 Stage wr ane blade angio at tp Fa ee ener eon, Cap = Can te Gutinanyen © Csi hm te = Ment Cn) taney) = an i656 x08 ay = Bat 4 wats = mney = Bani fee! fie) thee ws et i meereee em en ae coc Seite, woe fs Depres freon ‘Exarmple 440, Ar serine sie propose tin camel 49 io have [oon sents dg, Whoi thn wl eset le pgs ad spe ok seoine Tero pnd at 050 tp Solution (1) Mean section sre ce ine ae meer as ial 49, Te wales re oe 59 mo»00 San 7 x90 Gotta = 90 a 696" 45.75 / Cotman = bse ands = 153.1078 Fefrced vat in So ayo 2A es Gama, = HC sth 2S sans SS 2eg86125 23391" = 203127 = 1899/6 hyo ma 2 (Se Ss) neon 322 sat 424522 oasis = 200.8 i830 m1 sangearn = HTS 180= 11538 ey = 2198 a = ° he (@) Degree of reaction bos _ in ones = =o z (9 Tp section pataner, D, ‘SHORT QUESTIONS “41 Wat tani ow cones? 42 Whgtte ie avagr a dang ai loncome? 53, fon sngeeans rel ontario Wy? 12 Thelin fn tu canpeer space few ‘me, (Trve or False) “ 415, canteens Mara a ring tg an he a de tra (Taco Ps) 46 Taeabige of ar fo eon ire {i lpoe eee esd af ie {hy pret ec fon (ch both tune 4, Teta ihe ern eld moves rg he a eo ca prosoe Why? 4, eal tw comps hoe no Bn te il ton Teach 49, stars ese cio wera nl tom compa 10. inte foc ae ino sight ne teed sth eth it age fan sl fw eam 4.1, Wis gana compete ste” ‘C12 Draw ean oe ety gs for an al few compres ae, ‘U1k Maes somal oi Bow gompi e {LU lla ee eee ame oe ey Tata {US Inerer of nat ow prea 1) Pavan 18 four = tnt (© hae > Bae 44 Drow ate ea eran ai compra {C19 he hw compar aes omic ear | ise Cae) ‘cas, Gina css htt atl ow compres ein {Wet done taor-—~ ar tenant la fom compro ay ces 4G essa natn (Gk Gets earion nt ‘TEE Reaeonainf ao compet age ra rece th Re oun, te) Rm totin 4.24 Dentow cone 42. Detie een to inane ow nines, 126, Pore nconnaibchsayeroar (e) denaacenbaby senna in he sara oe eu Se eprapaed eloky diag nt ym {c) mse! Oesone «27. Kar aetna fre Se ate ney ‘eset e ste Cveae) 4.28 Wine acon oto oes en et a ene he A [enuin estore age (Tae 4428, Arestion mot 0 lye. Way 150, ton nf om the oe for main tps ies sey. Cee)41, tn compar ag ene. U2. Whunccomresor aa EX, Mates copes at 4135, Why are longer tnces wed inaieraficompresion? 136. Defers equiteam compres 159, Share eevee es? . (OME Ine woes de dee fen ere fram ip aba (Teale “Cos inne locaton tae ‘nue cecn eight einen ne 4.1, Dalia preset aige ai ow bepress i 0 (aeons (6) Latah EXERCISES “4, Da a sec of mil ow compete wih ia gies an expan Detertng ipo he crs 442, Bow way wane ry one rte xl enpeeso tg. 13 Drew tet dg ors compte il ow compres te {U4 trina tone ae ora ou compar Saget How dei Seyi tsa ge {iy tn a lw cone (sage eting ad este price Foran ana compressa. . 4.5, Ddethe dye fe oe al How composer Suge Poe te fstowing ton. 2 Wm hecang +0) (6) wait eeuanpy nave (ey RU gcanps—senl2 is) Raosii most R>0s 0) PP geamas ~tana) 0 aan aCalioneg 08) “UA Waar gag stow comprar Wha oes ees? Date ey 4.9, asain in a al compra? Hom i vege Why ated angst ° 410 Where quisom mets ple ii hecats deca 0 ‘ars foe mex Dade? Draw th ls ge a he waa ip ne and acon a ee Bevis con femal nd Row coms ‘pin wie sl Now cosas ae eye ann ‘esl ow compre tp ih 5 renin as liga Ae int anton erpentre “290K ee aw mle srr owe nee ‘Sauron oc oeton “23 tow occ 08 mang ‘imbaron ober “05 fe sage noma wi ge supson ampere ath itsageot heconpesa? Yat] ‘Anal tow corre ge rw ott gon candies Gri toraedC.asunings 30% mace tnge wih fo aloe of Asbareteinie ac/0 025 Fed theranetiae ane oe ltcclon ess cceanvour aged. Teta ete ee [Suton hevage accel esr 2 ad so tReprescecsean be pve pl ne ys, amigo Ieputcrobe a The ms ow ps2 gt (OU ApH 5) {ame 30.6 35:9) 375 wp) 0.9 a) ‘roi ou compres sages dep fersunparn temperre ‘Ne 0 The wore sets adhe adres ea ‘Seung ema chy ‘aon 10 Whar thd uta sda en ‘Shc anspor ater ns ssn Ca san the sane ans ha = fig = IIH en = Bn AEB an IS Ai NEI ey) A38AT Py we I a m2 Be thy a 3850 fas 1798 (A woken KOH arse dig pala at ase fee fe he 5 ‘Sci amg ewe Be Wathen wil eB le lesb? Vanstons = fy 2960 a, = Oforareanion ie of96Sané nw coins OSs esa rece it wk w& bs bine ian 0435 ng 64 caw comp ne ope a eld 50cm nal snes conte pul smoan fw a ee sed be ped tte ae hg 208 andes ea ‘om in firs 092. deerme) ara ee Cy oeseeee ex tags ried (ete pref at O ea l . Uns 16° () 120) 286s 0.687) 24 Amuse ntaeyne aul cecing oF Rog ‘Poh 7 i ow eco OS ee gen eee Ice eae eiomy i kate Cp = VS UIag andy ot 12, Anal to OE PG ee a otal ease ipo howl ac pane 1.2, tach ae oan xl 50% rein a en ects’ sD a incon, ley it sag th Sgaton ‘met eficoy #0 (nap 9 £2, pn to cng MS nL wl a icles pbs pn ee ff tow conten ‘aur Commons waft <171 a wehdoe esr of 06a cetera Tans 9. rpm 30) 1225p son Teper lope ena ge corey 9% Teeter tansy #20 The eeome ‘heb sig dems pene 5000 9m Teen op of de, Psat ach sg (wn -Apt 0) than 9 S92 WO mito 138) ‘tiene 90%. The compressa Is Syme ogee open ‘nd he wean ble peed of ach sng bs 200 ri the nia 27°C enters he ‘Snprsor athe of kp eee he Sco enya en Foti roe nd sme see. Aloe be power pede las Pann = = 5197°() 787 ‘nani comper sige same er 8 mand 3.00 {Ton sculpts rhe td pene no devoped we °C an 1A ‘pete dein) he powered te cmp we {ethers tro Amane mec ese m 85 parca nd 22 Inaltenperanet 5° )ietgeeseesey mc) eset ereion Ienctompore he oro 35° ‘ate agen es wor een sienan 8 ‘henge comptr and sol ey ae Spe ma 3 ep ‘ey ibe arc ofa eater nd 0°, ere ee Sat th compan ei (0) ple ele) (ey of ech ‘has ind be neo sting rl eo en As () 1.03 pr p68) 4.8) 68% an (21.3 ‘nisin 2S 2 bara 2°Canddee tat Dem WG A seat Tans (9) 242 ys (28.8 159.20) ‘sesh 0p cea wai ey essen {sheng beet and sx pee eelped mt Won ins an )pone ole eee the ihm 704 9 82 mo WB na 9996 Siscme 30m em apc, Sen 100 rpm sles eee Tia elec 6m nest opr: 101 Ka ed 313K Deest ann oto on gagulcitemeitaeceaeart tt sieracharati eaten iaimetenmengeaence Sumdmar frudesneutean: eeciemee atic ocean cararmcemeay iolaicaaatant aaa deere mre ay pastoral eens son penitent ms Tate tees enre ee Stina anomie an ee Stance Sree gage Bee ea eee 439 ho mi compose tena cnaer 0 mm adn Son ‘esc ice ke #3 ny te preset Ged) StoenrScurearataanttrie tetanic iplasatienmow cisco ee on panna sarge ieee eoieaireaaierna ‘i caete neee ities halaman eaeoematenmentere Eat ane once i conta faa x te mation Commononsvint € 18, aeromagnetic “bgiee en elactetane feo Sunaeegae resented mc a Societies samen ere Sauiagl aeareetcrtters SEcbsgane Saks tae ont igentreemegnticiper aac Semone errant eke ronan lena oman at eo Hiaraene eeesemme erecta eee ice terete tober ‘ieoweralecney a he 0 ‘itucder 30) {he 37pm 5 moc wn 238A season caret SRS Teh tae Mea ae ‘atl fw compere did we foc rex spe. The is cen cancers Soe She'niatanawaaiigea nnn SHG Si cro eae a esate ett sonpaiiegcneas ree ni hestt ene womonsiata hota amine saouteprnt tin inte nema ‘oop aaa acer ress atin tana Eamonn ae certs Sencar eye ference oo Seceatciatsrctowecttaeeecntavnae Sitges, as ie ila tg woosvantiak hes roCee ee mm ey watpreriny venus on On eHeSioed nlp Ba te PP ate, coprdfnboi? oan ga ert intays (op trim Brg pire Baeza! slr oe sng? LCE Gang fate hte) teeth Ob peed Non Migr settee Oniage SI Mb eho opi pueda AXIALFLOWSTEAM AND __ GAS TURBINES beet EXue piston Cine uae IAB, inTRoDUETION ‘a io eam de ise tation Bove of etl Row seam ange shinee yeaa in hain rw and cones ao fom cone cree ere Re Seen cern ee teen Emenee ‘A ow le bs vty me ppeion gi eden itr he tam ed yon too ome ¥ Teplice wi spin at te ae weir ‘Thr ely ala et esto eae Saget at ‘ease wb ered bebe crea ‘Sifter ves frome Blot 0s have ws et of fe teaed tesa a ga ists ry a “suns Tun ncos Tasos of as er Wee ee de ‘ies Th ily don nara eae hme be rere oe am ‘keratin vey in ean tone ey hand ene the WEeeciar arc in de tay lth Pi. 312 amt mn native at eens LSI - Cb Steoy v we < EU ANY ab Caen” wmgertorase JIN IS ew $18 ran ne wn oa aon ie seagate tr a otha BS “Sitters thant tae i513. cpanel — nana Pewe i30) “Tipe ad vec vino era ean iis shown nei on aintne ‘Eopreremnmrrpeat corm yopeded sprees smc Rw Sanam CatTunnes 98 Tk sun ap acini gt can aaa a tea Sepaaenr se Sct esa err Sescaenanaae sree escape ota fp wel ye wos Sense recente ashes eee ee a ere Aeris wreaian neers anal eam "sca ae 2 Scene oat os sone as ue Be ‘he wai sagan or ace bie ae aan ea Te ‘gm oratories owing gel lrg eh id aie as nies gn es esi Sc, ql hac eset agzin tory ont sichaeahe shed SSvinnube nating Sect wwcaremertun a wach le and (arn yeti! rm sr ee change way wand ‘Nett ncn ht eet enone) owner tren rae op th ge a 0 ‘Ash hs oops be Ende wy ehang) = fcanga vaio flows Niomeobstg ein ma ele heey sea athe pe Inde ay since these geny 2 Sepetiony 2 * inp doping Balgeomet a MU +) mai a STAGE EFFIOIENCY OF A REACTION TURBINE ‘eesageefcoe fs clon sieht wordnet cnr np me = ad. (4) 9 636, Le Na Fac ie o 0Seaion ci = Mame, a) = fran =P Comidena sh nema auton 3.6 UM, + Hy Wy Wy = yO nay Us isin oo = 2isnes 0 Hy) = awe) om Conetag he deminer ofequsion 36 sean ” it seni adi 4 ein, tate 0 se aie rte we heute ‘Suton (539) became anversney = rane = HTT a ave Gwe ined - zaveninm =r + Ch} Gaurewe oe as aE sia Te aout be manu oe tbe asim, 80 ae ten =. eer ered Fate, an)a vs REACTION RATIO DAEIRRt eatine wiy ta 0509 reo wee : memory So ‘Eocmonrinee, » [= Reece ear ‘Sel dp sarap | Pu orromarsepegy« tha = ha Ie gc say Renemhee ho ndings a hig = fmt MD toe 60 ums hen deeds a Caland =a) eons ney ee union 46 an ean nen ee lessee) 2 sa eamaeaaee / ‘aelekeny (2) Zerdreaclon stage Sauron 45 a= Th econ fg wg he ged eerily Hans sscihcen inte eS. 15a) Paar Se) Zr tcn ‘The ey niet orto [Reyes itp tan ome fecha aoscog eo Pe aT ye Inn ere ene Par ‘Sele pb os ne de serene Se (GNegahereaction stage ety. frre ‘Mole chr eile te fenton nage ‘Trem win sen Oo cen noe ‘lett e comp a ei, ara ome ood fs ce (Pe S.koh, Tesoge eral snee ‘ation age ny “ Foran te Wy = Wome scat emaing Sitemeter {Setelost cern rns eure ‘nyence Th cone oud are ce ste ore ges fg asp mete de fee ee peer, Peet S189 Nese nin (9)50pe" centreaction stage When kx0stemevurionts linen Rear teehee steme ‘etn a eae te” hy ts a wellness — NS 5 , pews Sensi ere 51509830 ,ecr cn sein re 10 Ae ct oe sma row SeoneGasTunings CAS he Tv >+ (00 cat con ste iesemaie gare * Smear (0) Reaction more than 100% ts >! A. ween mr te : ‘enozrles with Cy < Co(Fig.5.1S(9) This SSESRESERN EE aecsian aecmentn si oe STAGE EFFICIENCY, TURBINE EFFICIENCY AND RENEAT FACTOR, Fp 5.16 shows heaps of seam rough monte of ie aes epee aape cxpanin oth ir sag The wa sf a wh) {resol ceisgeSow by psn Ay So be he os A, Silay, he Sep end act ges oh op for ace sages eso Rp sisty Ash, and 36, 46) on oom “The eA emu ha al ert (Rani op nro openness (40) 05 “Guna utp dn The conseeenely pens tice han Rakion rope Dare cnn pean nes Seg te lSttgighton the ater an Tan Tish? ake Fre S16 xenon pce na mag die“Teenage fre pen sages ale aep sO) * stm = BE assoon are wy a. eo of colnet dp sani ay Soba en eatin inal ine _RETREES] Grn Bate a 1330 Wag 9 ty = ested Aie\s Acre asc, * Ratan poo Rowstewcuncur Tina $307 FREE VORTEXDESION isp nn de oy ag comm ang ny se aren ves (2-8). cone rey git (oe CER un nite /-=aa- om slong medida CONSTANT NOZZLE ANGLE STAGE ‘none ds ih bleating es expe cm feed soc oom asian ed IMPULSE TURBINES VERSUS REACTION TURBINES (1 mate tins napa opiate rate ice. tutes shetasoftm aio eee cence rien pester noc tus oe moi es (6) Bests mal pee dop in sth eh amber of sg eu oe eon ble bh en benign ie (0) Tei ety an ane dagren Boy wih ne sera ishown ai 5.18 Orcompuiarbthingusrtnernsciontrtion acetone 97 aacgcpete sng arpa [ones haan ‘the oul Tia may nn soir 5 108 (6) Blade rctionlosses Duet es esi cy tam at he ‘shins de covespncngy rae helo Dade ‘ Po Auber yusperorde ney me ON ae wh Mag oie which vm 7 $20.9 which nes in scene te so Dae tition ogee Woes bes) bic ote ‘Cvicen coum ton craniotomy ee ot fora eso bie De eee cee rencraty fini vezen | Ae eh i poring a reid eens ercone ‘racine tn Thor ve ensayo AMADA ni aw i peng Pa ‘rnin he eee ae (2) cn beac wiht eing ch “toin deme tangent nn antag (enrs "4 ieee ~ ‘Fewe $18 eof gram eins ade edie een ie dts ei es ‘hy rening he lenses sce ores emt Oo ch Shag oe ny rn fer stn Th sr 1, 220) Part adlsion tones tees age fy pee tn elie npr aarti We ea {oi Wee py tage nd bars ow ad nan pay dw ‘SSomlavbihh hows gt dachfeowensy, eres coset omic mc a es Sc aun sea ee ‘tn ds onan pie oases 0) enh oe ‘Simson teeny Atco be ect ang |, Sanyo male Snow werent se [29 (9 Gland leakage oases ove sal eon neachang! be Seog he gata aman cher the ap <2 Sesame itn my eg a neg (Grete yeasts estan corse A an a Srey ks aameepy ae pente rest Ian acy tree el seed Se ses TES “Snot ere ny Bees sb ve pide spre ti od pm me saci. Ti leER ES CAE be + Rp a bs a i sl wey ea eae Ye SLR aa ere ae giant aratigatSans ie rio “Gy Loss de fo motstur, ta lower age osh ting. st may ‘reat eth ly af pres we tata Spat te ic nya seem at ng te ple song ie GOVERNING OF TURBINES 2 ZRH USL etm tn dns yt a ite in inspctve a Ts prtomanc the tne el pn Sena one ot noose cso Senne dpe fi tone epg (3) Potle gonna. ect inal ny Sint oe hemtae Soke ant Se ee Sih tap sae ol tenet Shahar eatery ‘ancients ‘sal ales he star rg 3.09) spe yaar aco Sceloppnata oh diet rota aetaetocdior eas ae ee 8 Thre oni wih dee re () Nozzle control governing, Invisnebadesacierof the utine |woupe we rs (0) more ped ck pe of ome ee seam ply cone! rane $30) Dito pee anegeenret ves nl prupr aes may bumpy, una cokel cay tava Be EYP I ee ie “s cpbe pan. RowsranimGarTonmes <1 ‘ono hans at pons een ‘Sarat nafs by tachnpe Scone fei oe eo rear um nfm hc con spe mew be acl proponlio ‘Set feo fw raphe wine i ec ge een ‘Sasi nga door ete Te Or fla recone tycueelbypansocmagiigsaifeimchod temeamc ough voeconto ya fpr, or igh ols "rosea sla ais ome Nase mele an. forage Such yp fe eal, ‘rent 521. syste ‘SOLVED PROBLEMS, ‘Example 51 The ca pening oan npn os: ‘Sham lsiy «500m ind peed 200 Ex ant of ing a =25 ‘pearl om toga den, ses gle = 2 Mocag bef of ‘tn hon sing heh ee passe eat) ego Mg at et fe! ee ws Jqm ete eae = = a Ptashne in bot Se ae AA Stage ABDC AG GICAL ING td tine ex ey acon wo doe prt of a) a es Fone dsp ora eam ow mao 4B ene gram ease cen. Solution c)= Soni U = 200m Pam 38 = 654, 20 IP ‘Toe wey corm scons in (52, {ah See aah (cy urd (2) Drow Be wits tan wt AD tants gle ad et fF BC (2) Soe AC ta carpio neat wnge ABC. AC = 15) Sot AD mowing dcr to A. With hacen and cei Pubic ia ffs esta ADM «9 lamb income soe wacly tangs ABD. BD = Cy, “he uly dram een i322. ewe s22 (2) Moving blade inlet angle () Exit velocity c= 0m nest of team sex (6) Work done per kg of stoam . ym = UG +a) = swo904+-285) Sonnwee vemwowy (ey Axil trust ert Ca Coarelnow sy = Ga Can Tbs ease ses = omw an pe dee x oe ener) Sain le) Diagram or] blade efetoncy a ie neg supple othe be ai Socio Wns cio" me = Seana ere ir erable erase cater ioe ting stam comms ar ithe mechan eee Seridulaner abana en tents Soon Unk 20, (by ee mots faa me sein yeti = ang9 asat hast per kg (2) Power developed perky of steam/sec, ‘Wat donokgof seen. = vo Hd ars +360 = ow igen Power eeprom prs. SLA Seam te see BI aus RowsemmeGaeTannas < 218 (2) Blade ethctoncy a mn som = one Mosq tiny vse optimum cnn waponere, vo, een} = = soning prety Example 5:3 na snge ow ingle ie as as ic ied ry and Ssh aS br td baa pest 28 tare ean ve wey [ISS tom he pros ge sd nel ney sh mtn Sk a cle gy, Tene ened 20 ih be [aan inser nd ic spc a0 Tne ae tale ao Snr Far scan fw a of 25th eo henge 205 at (ah sey of tam ae fom Ie esl pem ese) ee ‘Shy i age lene Solution T= Shw Patna Cya 75m a= 20 U/C; #04 f= 2! thy Woe Ge! Glee) el tel a aae ea a (2) Steam volocty at exit from the nozzle See he wtine imple, hl pie dap oea oa a he oe ‘Amoning enon expansion ety dap cae and omtse nex he ahs hig For isturaie exes asune INipp ah be ty ale Ne swe ‘ene ea! rp (2h) = nity 6s9— 1087 yeah 5315 40864a0700 sue 2756635 torts c= iin X09 Fe (2) Diagram oftcloncy v wore) aie bach 2083812 sass 206 10 errs foun 2 sisson eur 6 (6) Tho relative votocty ratio. S50 Rae eee he vy sng ABC. bons ps Ey de sar nena 2 = (i + Ws) tne pik. ST AD vera adn AD wrt pene FD. pen caer by nearer fate sy gam Rees te Reve Woy toot ( Stage etficieney oa = ay Seid 0 Ener spptintrg = (Oh) + eb = rota = ims ue tag tte = 08547050 = 160%‘he bike pen 10. Bere ing te agp ue ag movin de rig ofa ner tl oe fog of orig sees Se soc nisi 6 hehe dare slot ow 1 tonnage a, {ore fi ig, ad 35° athe cand moving aga esd wo its af tton.Asunig 10% rp vey ep anager ne aes dow he los ogee) einai een (ti fre td al rus fo ach om omer de ear eaten ow edd dpm ation, Was mon tee acne na mation. = tomy Yann mse peau AIT igee eee i Pe s38 (@) Blade inlet angle foreach row ‘raw shorzol ine AB pesenig so BC A end equ Join AC hich eras Wan ata Wy, Wane We he ac ‘AB on Dwi. Tiseomls he acy sage roe ‘ataage ote two cow cos inp as ig 98 | | | | By meatal forse elo aga = asm th = 09 as aes Wy = down a = Han ter ey & 2 Bee le oD men wi hei nlf ving Ha 20 Nosace BD oping Ga nse C7 cf ha am ky wei tienda Ses “hs ae spent eh vig Dae ee ad he A'S = U.S 0 Bee Be as a tun AC: Mase AC reeniog Won cae [ame ih 09% 190 Im Wi, = Saye che ti9ms Wi, = tome c= m6 Ae (0) Devng force and aval hrsst a= +g = 4-410 = 870M Devig ree rscndatge einen by y= Wi WE, = 1554 O= 28S le Rd de aeo oe rm er et en em am ee rg Forms fw eof seam, “To ving ce 90028) = SN Pi afore (Ca, = Cay) = 0138 = 38 ‘ih bet cod age ome Act es el a Nowe 1810) 1m ASN (6) Diagram power mata +.%) De rextissyic! (@)Blagram etfictency Mat BM) eit a Hs) war (6) maxima cngram eficieney tae = sey Example 8. sos aston ws ving ene ncn _Smutsiod sear a 7 bar. The velocity of sear is an om Rta cg eg fo yan oe ba pens For wa i se tour qt arene tecrspac aa “xpnsonin rises te enh topo eam eee Solution Basil 100m ally (2) Rote speed Telow ety 2, . = cee tis = 20) 2 von e00em pyaar me 100 ye ac Fugesreneie eta 221 ‘Temesebite sped = 4 6, “86m Axes sire ana ae 28 heap lame ea hm he ae 0 =0csym ag Now nea hrc ma ont and tenn ade ih Dm anh amet = 039m roorspent y = La = Be (©) Diagram power "Bc he et Mena he nt ad lvls rages wl tobe Da tsSmis cy = 20°C) « 10 m/ete wesc apm maybe eae st shoring 927; baw AB “Ube BE wey AB tose Cy an AE ‘he Cena tes AB fon DvDy mesure fem eos apa) = $Pm/t WW Dw = Foiw (6) Diagram atetency Work doe/ oe tg Wonkdonee = UE Ih) sewing = Gta oat aaaeay (6) Porcactage incroaso In relative volclty = a2sttue Ranson cents Steg Scere mermeage Soap ish amemeeenannes te atvar erotic ak dibieuitiy ccc Set een mee Ecauvonemiieriamos Solution R= 0S = Mew hw Bs A = Ole Mawr = B35 Re Le Da eS Nate (2) Steam flow rate Female carbene ese Fo 4a at = nowns [Des ene a = Se Gag) x Rn oor) Tha, ony op = om asi0 = srsune estlrydapporsngs = SE = : = Towne Dig poner) = mah thems ow fe ne Ha thm itn () Blade speed Funai a) Uicvinas w+ Maan sce ay =f 0 G2 fo 250 resco tine faci sine — 05 Nowwics=07 & Cinta Woidonehg = U2 (ABU) a0 20) U1 ee ee L _ J aoe ae ete eT em “Disord euab emp per sng, There, 19 = 3159%10 oy 2 Beton (6) Blade mean damoter C= anu = uae C= lassi = eaom From stu len 15 bar the pes oe fy seam i gh by y= HIRE Now ote weit = (DRIES are D aera meta had ihe wo = eno adem vig 1 oa ‘ert bide a mid 15 spn S00 pn “pil vly eas cstn sre trie forthe Wb abd | (Ghoone nt ng (0) our lad nies 0) Be Spe en, 2b eo @ = asin min sy wag athe en dn rer Fi $2 Ceug = Etta 2 = unm sn om ge lsy tage the mesa. tr Fg, 52 eis © Wee Ue 2 adh 2 sis orn fie vrs dsp, Cy Fo cotta ris Throne, Dean he mean Emnetnn bam = Suan _ wilxoms on panaromney angles he blr Fi 5:2 aa bus Fromih eel er i 82. [@ rep sonar B= pay ~ nar on = Sie alt was = Bene tort Simran above ew Aine Cayo © Chine 2sh.i25003 ‘Om = 8960 ‘a Row seman atTinnms 27 om inlet iy ang a he tl ig. 82 Den _ 207095000 oo \ mean ; ste = amma = MEE au 2 oe ca, = S82 asernmy : term = By Be i = Bsa aa <9 ae ~ eB) 5a seen sane Bsa mar) = oon J J 1a gre ge gm em oo ‘Example 8.8, The wh caneanen af he i laa ‘sion 27 ae rer bade gle inet pw re eo ‘cj hut so adhe ae ped 0D efi ee cy sore lu ees Solution Geos Wom ay e¥0-27e6r Ras (2) ase angles = aiztey, ten = west he . an Pere She) besser 5280) cay ee fo ptttbacine = Oy x6 See R= 05,2 = 4 = 6" which given athe problem. (r= c.= wom, (ise a Tete the ute acy wil pm tows ini 5280) mp = Bear mw hres oan n condos tte trite seme = 01s) [Example 5.0. Teblode patos fow tee 300 Temas Bow ‘tei sah The ge espera ttnsi data w 500 an Oe ‘pete he aed Wade T°: ull enemas cose 6 [me Diam pore dept gre nee eae eine TO el eet 97 et and Ap 95, Solution Yamnn AnIsiek Tex sare nee aT (@) Power developed W = wcye—m 25% 005 00-300) () beeen 1 = Mme sae wk dont mat fw W18UCMy + Wy) = C= 1 = Vonss00~ 300) = ons =s70m/6 omit ly glee Fi 5.2 2a) 10 Cn Um Caiman = oun 00, 95300 osm“eo (6) ade omciancy = Memeo "Bear a Wa) era) = 200 +H = iio! coms “= cafes = 00/0070 = 8765 ge mle sss n= os Example 5:10. Stam eres 0 SO% acon age a pes of 22 fea UitCampeaure Theroar net olepm Tec rmarcean amet Jie rym or sr Des hve at an xs pny ot SG Staind este ge power oa le sag bene 8 od “oie ey dopa he sae ‘ankuey 3 Solution R03 fh = 2 m= UC Se me Na Home Do = Ose a Shee #05 91 =pisntea= 6) (a) Power output wr ToS a 9 @ o = aban aw Salant n8 © Ganges fra = testa Power ona ofa pee engeentab dee Bs ah = sere Example 1H gw 00h nd 707°C ene ipl imple ine font nd cpr satiny 100 Pa wit an eciecy f90% The ore Iejcish! lke flow dueuay Atonig optimum ceeds rd be tase tic ow enfin, bs ng cova snd poner Senge ea mt How roner otek Solution R= woe n= mK Bl ioe a 2 pal fora snglipeag widmxinan dig Pano sone dan Win = Gy-U a2 U0 Wise = yaw Sine yw Wy a9 = afore elite sg, Wing = Wisin =U Ch = hin Gety heat hae! et Gee! eee! id cha Jrr me grog eer ae ge oe a - am (@) Blade loading coeticient f= etanpi sunt) = 5121005855 +0585) ‘axa FeoesresosecarTinane <2 (2) Power developed =m romencon[t-(B cress ] Example 642 Te it peste sip of am eg» mse ge bin ae 10 bard JOC reset. Te ukne amet tm and “pede oo rp Te en ong bef age ntl 908 ten ow ‘Suche tne bo sage Rieu ie Sate he sampon nd Solution (kgs wai aan 07 (a) Rotor blade angles. Sade mye are med tobe gu The de pat [feceaiormriu UideeBsioey isin, “esl ner aeons ace whee cteey Silom = Cy =20 Wa = Cy Un -Ua0235 > Tao Mcanes Fees 0 cng ran ie with atin seat er Sim re econ sage = 8 = 5895. (0) Powerdeveloped Wonkcone i tsuge = UC + Cu) Workdoeiasecondatge = AUC, + C5) = avai+0; my = fav ‘wef, eon isnot = 98rmw (9 Final state of steam Tre capuson procs sown on h~ (oat oe proce eh ‘om scatrowsreuewecisTnanes < BS emia, hooky = Sym nut assets honky = Baba = towne omMelierchen, fy = 100bae Tp =500C he = om0urg hy 2 0-935 =93m88WIrg fy = 31 O29 = SOLD Wag rm cha ne atm it sage vs P= DDE 7 = ONC Sra oaet mye Fer second stage rook = Wyuna enastins Bote 85 wana sBis-ess-mnsune 6-20 6ST FomMelieriet 22 6Sbor T= MSC, 04 = 005mg ‘Tina th fia st ie eum ae rie en a a ar a ee a oe orFe ee Ee eS Pe =~ a (2) Blade height Ate tgertr it Now th i bight ness doh i ine sages ample 643 Fr atovepblon feet Sine supe cut rte wap eee Staton \ (a) Rotor blade angles Fr maxim aie (ten eae seeatae abe . “ eisioe IO este ys 6 chemo = tok stnancsr 0+ a Ese it ni i so Aen ietown nig somes Pen $2 een water ‘ews rie witha ‘ileatonfeor ‘708 eae) ota Assn conn Nw veh ae Mae ‘Siete tr de als eased be & ‘From fn sine vy inet Mysngy = Catena . Cn = 20 =Cnos Re riers Sic C= Candin = (sont) cyinen = Chane} = 20 = Cin Cy = Wa Mae re wang = 0 Sie = an = Wisaph = weei=u. temp Uc, = Wy¥=U-U=0 Ge O_o. soe Ga" me = Mar Sine. Fim pi mat (0) Power developed My = AVE +C3)= aUEU+I) = ae My = AUC +c) mUAU +O) = cui25> TasoMacnes Ws 00) 1008 «17H (2) Final state of stags ‘Te epson oes ie shows ooh = dg e340, = Se mous © fn= 1974 =3590~ 1914 31R6uIVg Ig = 3370-90360 306 K/h Ph Bae T= 365°C 9 = O08 hs (0 Rotor blade helgnt pe BL Moras HDG" faTeIRe Examale 6.14 Airewes he onl ofn aun ow wine se snarl ot 307th naa wel of 150 eh ra a Ses Dm Pe ‘otc Bid tpi erhe resting the sO cone ohh Solution ‘Tenozle sgl eared a el ton Tir ee ees tebe 20 me (a) Blade angle atintet Gye came) = hme tLT A an oe () Blage angie at exit per Example 5:18 The conto att te lt 0 2 35 acon rine trib ge efseary of t ueS0 EPeand 00K Te de pase 0m ‘ema ep ané Oe aaa ee age noel ee 5 Aswinng meso fe Dette tr as age, Power evcloped wd temps calypso ae Hos n= 04s Dox oS Moms f= wows Shale Foreiiouestianae careinn, DCEO at ‘esta we NS age th = 1021s zs Gam Coney = TOT xc? ., Castes " SnyCh= Means Pee 535 aac ren [ore rocio areah vst cor Chingy = Wasa —0 = Wa i oteeee, (a) Rotor blade angles a } j J i | j Jgt gga ee, (@) Power developed suc #6) uw +0 sco? (6) teontropleEnthatpy drop Sh Uonciahns| = thing Example 6.16 Th dus men rai of ail ine 2g lor, Relor ae ange een nde re and 35 eapetely. Nae age fsriss Then tg lot 6 Mean xr apcd 0D pm. Aoi ee Wichndingeiceat nketubdemect snes ‘Solution Pin =46 Bin nI5 oinm7sr Bt Ne7.500m Dyaodsm (2) Degree of reaction since ein = Pan = TR =O (2) Blade foading coefcient es | pat on/08 be = BEB, Des onOe 2 054045706 6215 -ase2m/ Un = Caen anid = Bien om deans teh 136 on Fomecetidonse = * euneincrs © =u6ia ‘Sie Uh = Canon — maa) wnaant nha ies = lanfaa ns) = ‘anfaa = = So Mouse sie ups wT (2) Blade loading costcient Yi = avant Bad Osean7138" + 073.687) vu = as Example 5.7 The otowng pre le “Tends wt enprate -973 Ka be inet ema —45 i etree Sa gu lon rap" 04g Nort out angle” (ees irom ae yh ts Sus nett ae ih a= 10. Note es ‘ef Gnerinee gr vote, tempers a share ae ‘SS tide oat ope- Asse Cy = L1SS6uge Reade = 1333 Solution inl sage ie fee To = 9K fe = tbe m= Le amar oi = Wom ae oan io KET = oF (2)Atmid section pou RowsreansnoGarTunmes < 3 Araming te pepe mv WaT = 7 fn Tate = Gums =T mata a Ssargh Lich = 2x nss6xea1sh Ca = O2efe (0) Atte nus Bm pace & 522062 = 207 m/s A nDyh = atthe A= oun A awe De 2 Osta emt = De = os om wn = hoe certo, sd ed ed e etekoor ore ee ee eam et et aor yattetp Bea asssoR%eosoe nw twegeem; Tm 5c, ETS Example 5:18. Asai tne wth cot nore a age "ad > feathers G0 tne sett ean om (egetvly Al atone we eid or abu ann oct. Asin ‘alalegilum cons deuterhabe mean sedpentoe (ssl ‘atc angie see urged) ee econ Astrea ‘titom eae al ctor Sotation TS. Ry=0, N= OOO, Dyn OMim Dy 205m (1) Hub Section He eet = Miami ‘Sie B= Onn fr msm tian er 6 star 8 Gina * TT wattays (2) Absolut and relative sr angles Nonirentanl aya 75 = teas = mares From int cy ag (0) Blade to ges speed ratio. Ae = 04 (©) Degree of reaction Moan Section Fee eee sane, Gn Can = Cam =() Absolute and relative air angles ean = Um = ahi9 wie nie = HOME HA Bn = 2558 (2) atade-togas speed rato. as (@)Tip Section (3 eu Cin ” Se = CinxO8I2 = 278x082 = BLT me H Ciyq x08 = 21616 Kum = HSE o Gunsonia a s9920812 meson eae Poanes 7 (a) Absolute and relative alr angles Nonaleeniengl es =n = 0.4 = 13" Guu np = ow 7 2075 mn oe ssa 23562 4 = Dsarms wens (b) Bladeto-gns Speed rats SHORT QUESTIONS: $1, Waco an tie! 32 Mischa Ses SEMAPT ASSES tps on a wane 44. a pcm wa een SS aha arama cen 32 uieaech rt cet ey Gruden pr caps arte ee (0 Simp som SiC Dr del dupa enna ee. ee! atesree eee ee (iy hae con onsdaned 110 hurt nee ps Riot ‘Sento are ech 31, Slaton ewe ey £1) Bice res EN ites ead test ae mera Rae St atop 8 sect (0 Toten rem cronne np i oi ea rt wt cent Siemorpnee ste won sun Signo tp hn frou ghia 1418 Dee Blade eli cei 28, What nmpoanng organ? 2b Trceueewnieiae ()rodiner (0) owas, 3 Then sel in i tow ad cee ped aw eavetothenpete wie eae) * 1525 Thsea expr temvig Sd Daeso resonate, Tfa) 1526 Iningln rine epee open ona pte thence ony. Tue. 1527 Winther osteo ree 4524 Dune Depev of sen 52D. Wma evo econ sage? 540. Whip ow conton peng emo sen ge i cn (Gosone sts imei nge (tae) 21, Wim serine 53, Te tolonng snes be esa ot be aves pie den ‘aoing ow parton (2) Negative sage nly (8) Rese mare un 1 ony. {boo} anse) 538 Gnstatiostond ote tay of tern ype Wy? {S34 Stameminem eral pets maseotonphandenson get Seca fe gh pesca, (8 Low oven rere i {c) Type wring Ble 438 Theminin api cist nine tile sate 157, The bin fo ga spe or maximum gam eiciecy fa ation (osha, sae (oiusn 1. Re mnuston seein oration bine Dita ese era, ‘539, The sageeicloney, thine ficiency and reheat ae rele at Gn ane? Oe AEE ‘5:40, fain ow wen nee of hotness Goins mm Gasca em) @ Hs 47 sa, Whs Govan ofttne Hovis done? EXERCISES 5: Dose he natn ipo an ais Now tine wi et ech 52. Whats srl tow tie sage 53. raw te adc wee imps rel wine ag ‘54, Poe mathe un fw rege eo Wim = Vegan gy 000) 55, Det Diagram fice What the oder ae i 56. Draw os nga roxas Sought wg, 57. The work done fof od ei ow sine bat tr ‘copra wy?250 > Taw icine 25 frets hr a ai (3) altowotticinry (6) tema aey, (a) Nozaleos oem gun Beet st Wha i seins frm tangs an) 513 Woy ae saplings tients coon? S14 Wiscompountg saga? 518 nein aces etecengningaeratine mtu he 516, Wha iw sey compoutet fne? Da 8 ses cuisine sin lid erate cy rc |S. Det tae ny caten How doevary hears ip 319. Eoin with ane dpa pean of ren ein. 1520 Def tuaine ao frm flow ue ge, Cour peo ‘ein fei ow eangres t ttne 2, Dore owing aan tap m= Locands und at ean) 0 522 brates vga nh te alvin ow ie eso @e (J 5,0 gs tutne ag har anni evo pressure of 350 Pa ad tmp SdeCandnegipe il oy. Artem acd Som be conng fenaudscntaesie ie pete 07 a ae ext Dow males Tenge eesson 0% Date he ow eatin ste ing gern anda angler theon tb np Taos ‘ipsum O31 md 800 mAs he Sed cewonen tem Wispel te Cp VN LIME Nogctt lowe ‘gn host ein 2 8, ee = 103", i SOD. fn SST oe Se NR gh, TSsae, RS sows a” S07 260, Be =Lon fae 138 ais = 8 PS aow ft Sie” a eae. So p Digi Xp oda SOG RY Sa * * Vis = 106) Destine ob Abe manson = Be sre Ori = 08 ananig aa equ consi le te ecm eae nfopseo e cte ond ee {SS sen es nt net vacon oe eh Racca pac sar gy =. gepaae Ger L Ge A 2 looser BAT = bin, 14. 07s)FO Her dug ees er eb re pga hy pupredsns Z y jap tere PO Saat) loka OF elig 2 y a CAI pn SOC http te yt5 te oC devepamyt b thge bein ncie 6 . /, » =— RADIALFLOWGASAND STEAM iba oo" COE Marty SiN sere. wordy TURBINES IwropucTion “hind ai wos do apinns whe fw rai 1 teen tha Fore noo oe ie versa ste cea compres andthe peri seerieh ‘oven Seauuabe pul tte fo creahiocal poh gy oe pe ty gr The ane maaan heal ceasen ace eee 10) Init orategm gt rege ge a a Caney OE es rater sage gyn pemeeittn ve Zz wey tiy eee 1) bt ini ove es mead tae cae gsseenes tS i oes cite oreed ate) wc A a ae ee ‘Steen te oop fhe oar bre th sus By is oy Be SiS eine enna tes “ome of he cone se lo of eu ting wt ee a sel shes nye, og brett iw as enna nse tebe feerntion Tu gst outers Now a} te ee In wet alo, pasa a thes dition Te sd oe in wich nly mance hs red thing tlw fore eral pon Opler oO Ge tog) eT “ Cee lhe beregin Room Row Garvasinw Tames < 337 worm ( ag | i Powe 42 enero din rl ing 4 or a vat vey sen fra 9" Rtn, f= gee “Hoe Sis aby ecg onde dir cnt ad waa sb “amen a foe eee en scan ot ey ae / oo a, Souter VELOCITY DIAGRAMS: Hip ey bye, 1s cy nes ot 97nd wal es assem in fg) Oy as THE THERMODYHAMIS OF FLOW or te oui as wn ior ges yes aloe gen . ‘hi voy ier at thee (Cx = 0300 i nanial Wine, Sg Petbomad amie ph fellowes one Moe eart Fe 6. "hao ine do Troe = hapten e se of eer LN Esl CO Abn mom atcha wo epsom resto OT The werk mete sent Wim = b= ys Pes