Annual data

Population (m)
GDP (US$ bn; market exchange rate)
GDP (US$ bn; purchasing power parity)
GDP per head (US$; market exchange rate)
GDP per head (US$; purchasing power parity)
Exchange rate (av) Rb:US$
(a) Actual.

2015 (a)
146.5
1,324.5
3,576
8.1
24,41
60.9

Historical averages (%)

Population growth
Real GDP growth
Real domestic demand growth
Inflation
Current-account balance (% of GDP)
FDI inflows (% of GDP)

2011-15
0.5
1.1
0.0
8.7
3.5
1.9

Main exports 2014

Oil, fuel & gas
Metals
Chemicals
Machinery & equipment

% of total
70.5
10.5
5.9
5.3

Main imports 2014

Machinery & equipment
Chemicals
Food & agricultural products
Metals

% of total
47.6
16.2
13.9
7.1

Major markets 2015

Netherlands
China
Germany
Italy

% of total
11.9
8.3
7.4
6.5

Major suppliers 2015

China
Germany
US
Belarus

% of total
19.1
11.2
6.3
4.7

US GDP
OECD GDP
World GDP
World trade

Economic growth
(% unless otherwise indicated)
2016
2017
1.6
2.3
1.6
1.8
2.2
2.5
1.7
2.8

2018
2.1
1.7
2.4
2.7