RUELAS-GMEZ, Roberto.

CORTOCIRCUITO Y APLICACIONES

A-3

Primary Substation % Impedance

If specific information is not available use the following as a guide
For transformers 501 to 10000kVA 3 phase and 501 to 5000kVA 1 phase

From American Standards Association Standard C57.12.10-1958

(Included in NEMA Transformer Standard TR-1-1962)
Transformer Low
Voltage

Transformer High Voltage, V

2400V and above 480V*

2400 to 22900

5.50%

5.75%

26400 to 34400

6%

6.25%

43800

6.50%

6.75%

67000

7%

* - generally pertains to all voltages 600V and below

Secondary Substation Impedance Data:

High Voltage 15kV Max, Low Voltage 600V Max
If specific information is not available use the following as a guide
KVA, 3phase

NEMA Std., % General Range

Imp.
of Mfgrs. % Imp.

Suggested X/R
Ratio for S.C.
Calcs

Suggested %
Imp.

112.5

2 Min.

2.3 - 5.2

3 Min

150

2 Min.

2.7 - 5.1

3.5 Min

225

2 Min.

4.4 - 5.0

5.5

4.5 Min

300

4.5 Min.

4.5 - 6.0

4.5 Min

400

Not Listed

4.5 - 6.0

4.5 Min

500

4.5 Min.

4.5 - 6.0

5 Min

750

5.75

5.75

5.75

1000

5.75

5.75

5.75

1500

5.75

5.75

5.75

2000

5.75

5.75

12

5.75

2500

5.75

5.75

12

5.75

Note: NEMA industry standards allow a maximum manufacturing tolerance of +/- 7.5% of the specified
transformer impedance value. However, any tolerance is usually ignored in short circuit calculations on the
assumption that plus tolerance offers an extra margin of safety and minus tolerance is adequately compensated
for by miscellaneous circuit impedances not specifically included in the calculations. But if desired,
multiplying the specified impedance, reactance and resistance values by 0.925 will compensate for even the
most adverse tolerance conditions.