Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Diameter
Batang
(mm)
6
8
9
10
12
13
14
16
18
19
20
22
25
28
29
32
36
40
50
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
565.7
1005.7
1272.9
1571.4
2262.9
2655.7
3080.0
4022.9
5091.4
5672.9
6285.7
377.1
670.5
848.6
1047.6
1508.6
1770.5
2053.3
2681.9
3394.3
3781.9
4190.5
5070.5
6547.6
8213.3
282.9
502.9
636.4
785.7
1131.4
1327.9
1540.0
2011.4
2545.7
2836.4
3142.9
3802.9
4910.7
6160.0
6607.9
8045.7
226.3
402.3
509.1
628.6
905.1
1062.3
1232.0
1609.1
2036.6
2269.1
2514.3
3042.3
3928.6
4928.0
5286.3
6436.6
8146.3
188.6
335.2
424.3
523.8
754.3
885.2
1026.7
1341.0
1697.1
1891.0
2095.2
2535.2
3273.8
4106.7
4405.2
5363.8
6788.6
8381.0
161.6
287.3
363.7
448.98
646.5
758.8
880.0
1149.4
1454.7
1620.8
1795.9
2173.1
2806.1
3520.0
3775.9
4597.6
5818.8
7183.7
141.4
251.4
318.2
392.9
565.7
663.9
770.0
1005.7
1272.9
1418.2
1571.4
1901.4
2455.4
3080.0
3303.9
4022.9
5091.4
6285.7
125.7
223.5
282.9
349.2
502.9
590.2
684.4
894.0
1131.4
1260.6
1396.8
1690.2
2182.5
2737.8
2936.8
3575.9
4525.7
5587.3
8730.2
113.1
201.1
254.6
314.3
452.6
531.1
616.0
804.6
1018.3
1134.6
1257.1
1521.1
1964.3
2464.0
2643.1
3218.3
4073.1
5028.6
7857.1
94.3
167.6
212.1
261.9
377.1
442.6
513.3
670.5
848.6
945.5
1047.6
1267.6
1636.9
2053.3
2202.6
2681.9
3394.3
4190.5
6547.6
87.0
154.7
195.8
241.8
348.1
408.6
473.8
618.9
783.3
872.7
967.0
1170.1
1511.0
1895.4
2033.2
2475.6
3133.2
3868.1
6044.0
6
8
9
10
12
13
14
16
18
19
20
22
25
28
29
32
36
40
50
28.3
50.3
63.6
78.6
113.1
132.8
154.0
201.1
254.6
283.6
314.3
380.3
491.1
616.0
660.8
804.6
1018.3
1257.1
1964.3
56.6
100.6
127.3
157.1
226.3
265.6
308.0
402.3
509.1
567.3
628.6
760.6
982.1
1232.0
1321.6
1609.1
2036.6
2514.3
3928.6
84.9
150.9
190.9
235.7
339.4
398.4
462.0
603.4
763.7
850.9
942.9
1140.9
1473.2
1848.0
1982.4
2413.7
3054.9
3771.4
5892.9
113.1
201.1
254.6
314.3
452.6
531.1
616.0
804.6
1018.3
1134.6
1257.1
1521.1
1964.3
2464.0
2643.1
3218.3
4073.1
5028.6
7857.1
141.4
251.4
318.2
392.9
565.7
663.9
770.0
1005.7
1272.9
1418.2
1571.4
1901.4
2455.4
3080.0
3303.9
4022.9
5091.4
6285.7
9821.4
169.7
301.7
381.9
471.4
678.9
796.7
924.0
1206.9
1527.4
1701.9
1885.7
2281.7
2946.4
3696.0
3964.7
4827.4
6109.7
7542.9
11785.7
198.0
352.0
445.5
550.0
792.0
929.5
1078.0
1408.0
1782.0
1985.5
2200.0
2662.0
3437.5
4312.0
4625.5
5632.0
7128.0
8800.0
13750.0
226.3
402.3
509.1
628.6
905.1
1062.3
1232.0
1609.1
2036.6
2269.1
2514.3
3042.3
3928.6
4928.0
5286.3
6436.6
8146.3
10057.1
15714.3
254.6
452.6
572.8
707.1
1018.3
1195.1
1386.0
1810.3
2291.1
2552.8
2828.6
3422.6
4419.6
5544.0
5947.1
7241.1
9164.6
11314.3
17678.6
311.1
553.1
700.1
864.3
1244.6
1460.6
1694.0
2212.6
2800.3
3120.1
3457.1
4183.1
5401.8
6776.0
7268.6
8850.3
11201.1
13828.6
21607.1
339.4
603.4
763.7
942.9
1357.7
1593.4
1848.0
2413.7
3054.9
3403.7
3771.4
4563.4
5892.9
7392.0
7929.4
9654.9
12219.4
15085.7
23571.4
g (mm2)
p (mm)
350
375
400
80.8
143.7
181.8
224.5
323.3
379.4
440.0
574.7
727.3
810.4
898.0
1086.5
1403.1
1760.0
1888.0
2298.8
2909.4
3591.8
5612.2
75.4
134.1
169.7
209.5
301.7
354.1
410.7
536.4
678.9
756.4
838.1
1014.1
1309.5
1642.7
1762.1
2145.5
2715.4
3352.4
5238.1
70.7
125.7
159.1
196.4
282.9
332.0
385.0
502.9
636.4
709.1
785.7
950.7
1227.7
1540.0
1652.0
2011.4
2545.7
3142.9
4910.7
GAN BAJA
g (mm2)
ang
13
14
15
367.7
653.7
827.4
1021.4
1470.9
1726.2
2002.0
2614.9
3309.4
3687.4
4085.7
4943.7
6383.9
8008.0
8590.2
10459.4
13237.7
16342.9
25535.7
396.0
704.0
891.0
1100.0
1584.0
1859.0
2156.0
2816.0
3564.0
3971.0
4400.0
5324.0
6875.0
8624.0
9251.0
11264.0
14256.0
17600.0
27500.0
424.3
754.3
954.6
1178.6
1697.1
1991.8
2310.0
3017.1
3818.6
4254.6
4714.3
5704.3
7366.1
9240.0
9911.8
12068.6
15274.3
18857.1
29464.3
A. DATA BANGUNAN
1. Jenis bangunan
2. Panjang bangunan
3. Jarak portal
4. Jenis tanah
5. Wilayah gempa
6. Mutu beton (fc`)
7. Mutu baja (fy)
8. Dimensi kolom (b=h)
9. Tinggi kolom :
= Laboratorium
=
42 m
=
6m
= Lunak
= Manado
=
25 Mpa
=
400 Mpa
Lt.1 =
45 cm
Lt.2 =
45 cm
Lt.3 =
45 cm
Lt.1 =
4m
Lt.2 =
4m
Lt.3 =
4m
= 1/12 - 1/14
L1 =
3m
L2 =
4.75 m
L3 =
3.5 m
L4 =
6m
gambar 1
B. PRELIMINARY DESIGN
1. Preliminary Design Balok
a. Balok memanjang lantai 2, lantai 3 (L=600cm & L4= 600cm), B1
h=
1/12
x
L
=
1/12
x
600
=
50.00
b=
2/ 3
x
h
=
2/ 3
x
50.00
=
33
50 cm
35 cm
25.00
30
cm
20
20
cm
39.58
40
cm
27
30
29.17
30
20
20
64.58
65
cm
43
45
cm
67.86
65
cm
43
45
cm
42.86
45
cm
30
30
cm
L
600
h
45
Dimensi Balok
a. Balok memanjang lantai 2, lantai 3 (L=600cm & L4= 600cm), B1
b. Balok melintang lantai 2, lantai 3 (L1=300 cm), B2
c. Balok melintang lantai 2 & lantai 3 (L2 = 475 cm), B3
cm
cm
cm
=
=
=
L kolom
L balok
450
500
=
500.b
30 x 45 x 450
=
b
2460375
=
b
39.605028 cm
=
=
=
=
b. Balok melintang lantai 2, lantai 3 dan atap (30/45), L=500cm & L=400cm, B1
Ikolom
Ibalok
1/12.bh
1/12.30.45
Lkolom
Lbalok
450
500
=
500.b
30 x 45 x 450
=
b
2460375
=
b
39.605028 cm
c. Balok melintang lantai 2 (20/30), L=300cm & L=350cm, B3
Ikolom
Ibalok
1/12.bh
=
Lkolom
Lbalok
450
=
350.b
=
b
=
b
d. Balok melintang lantai 3 dan atap (40/60), L=650cm, B4
Ikolom
Ibalok
1/12.bh
=
Lkolom
Lbalok
450
=
650.b
=
b
=
b
c. Balok anak lantai 3 dan atap (30/40), L=500cm, Ba
Ikolom
Ibalok
1/12.bh
=
Lkolom
Lbalok
450
=
500.b
=
b
=
b
Dimensi kolom
a. Dimensi Kolom Lantai 1 = 50 cm
b. Dimensi Kolom Lantai 2 = 45 cm
c. Dimensi Kolom Lantai 3 = 45 cm
1/12.20.30
350
20 x30 x 450
972000
31.399054 cm
1/12.40.60
650
40 x 60 x 450
5981538.46153846
49.454205 cm
1/12.30.40
500
30 x 40 x 450
1728000
36.256505 cm
35/50
20/30
30/40
20/30
45/65
45/65
30/45
ly
lx
h=
h=
45 cm
45 cm
b=
b=
5000
=
5000
30 cm
30 cm
1.00
=
ly
=
5000
=
4700 mm
Arah melintang (lnx)
=
lx
=
5000
=
4700 mm
Mencari nilai (rasio bentang bersih arah memanjang terhadap arah memendek) :
nilai
=
lny
=
4700
=
lnx
4700
Menentukan tebal minimum plat (hmin) :
Balok arah melintang
Tebal plat atap diasumsikan
bW
=
=
=
=
Lebar flens
Syarat : lebar flens
bE
4t
0.5
0.5
x
x
0.5
0.5
x
x
1.00
120 mm
2 (h t) + bw
2
x
960 mm
960
2
480 mm
lx
=
ly
=
Plat 2 arah karena 1 < 2
hbalok
bw
=
=
330
300
300
330
OK
Mencari nilai K :
bE
t
k 1
1
b
w
t
t
4
4 6
h
960
120
1
1
300
4 5 0
=
=
{ 1.59
3.290
120
4 6
4 5 0
b E 1 t
bw
120
4 5 0
960
120
1
300
4 5 0
{ 2.07 }
1
12
3.290
=
7496143200
Mencari Ip arah melintang :
1/12 x lnx x h3
Ip
=
=
1/12
4700
676800000
bE
bE
t
k 1
1
bw
h
bW
=
=
=
=
4t
{ 1.59
3.290
120
120 mm
hbalok
bw
2 (h t) + bw
2
x
960 mm
960
2
480 mm
t
t
4
4 6
h
h
960
120
1
1
3
0
0
4 5 0
=
=
450 3
mm4
mm4
Lebar flens
300
330
300
300
330
{ 2.07 }
OK
b E 1 t
bw
120
120
4
4 6
4
5
0
4 5 0
=
=
9 6 0 1 1 2 0
300
4 5 0
=
=
1/12 x K x bw x h3
1
3.290
300
450 3
12
=
7496143200
mm4
1/12 x lny x h3
1/12
4700
=
676800000
mm
Nilai untuk arah melintang bangunan (1) :
nilai
1
=
Ib melintang
Ip melintang
Nilai untuk arah memanjang bangunan (2) :
nilai
2
=
Ib memanjang
Ip memanjang
Nilai rata-rata :
m
=
2 1
+
4
120
7496143200
676800000
11.08
7496143200
676800000
11.08
2 2
2.00 11.08
2.00
4
=
Ternyata m
=
11.08
90 mm
11.08
2.00
{ SNI 03-2847-2002 Pasal 11.5.3 (3(c)) hal. 278-279}
36+9
=
4700
36
4700
0.8
0.24
0.8
36
+
hmin
=
108.622 mm
360
1500
1.0
9.0
90 mm
110 mm
11 cm
0.11
2400
264.00
18
18.00
14
14.00
Wdl
296.00
Wll
100
Wu
=
=
=
1.2
Wdl
1.20 296.0
515.2 kg/m2
+
+
1.6
1.6
=
=
Lx
=
lny
lnx
4700
4700
1.00
Ly
Untuk perhitungan diambil contoh plat yang terbesar (plat A) maka :
Mutx
Muty
MuLx
MuLy
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
-0.001
-0.001
-669.76
-0.001
-0.001
-669.76
0.001
0.001
270.48
0.001
0.001
270.48
x
x
kg-m
x
x
kg-m
x
x
kg-m
x
x
kg-m
Wu
515.20
x
x
=
-6697600
Wu
x
515.20
x
=
-6697600
Wu
x
515.20
x
=
2704800
Wu
x
515.20
x
=
2704800
lx2
25
N-mm
lx2
25
N-mm
lx2
25
N-mm
ly2
25
N-mm
x
x
Lx
Ly
X
52
x
x
X
52
x
x
X
21
x
x
X
21
=
=
=
10 mm
Selimut beton diasumsikan dengan tebal
=
20 mm
dx
=
Tebal plat - Selimut beton - (0,5 x diameter tulangan)
=
110
20
0.5
x
10
=
85 mm
dy
=
Tebal plat - Selimut beton - diameter tulangan - (0,5 x diameter tulangan)
=
110
20
10
0.5
x
10
=
75 mm
Tulangan lapangan arah X :
Mn
=
Mu
=
2704800
=
3381000
N-mm
0.8
Rn
=
Mn
=
3381000
=
3381000
2
b x dx
1000
x
85 2
7225000
(Chu Kia Wang Hal. 54 - 55)
m
=
fy
=
0.85 x fc'
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00118
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
1.4
fy
0,85 fc
b
fy
max
min
Digunakan
=
=
=
=
x
400
0.0271
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00350
400
x
0.85
25
1.4
400
600
600 fy
0.85
18.82
2 Rn m
fy
1
1
25
0.85
18.82
0.0035
600
b
0.468
400
600
+
400
0.00350
0.0203
=
max
=
0.00118
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
Mn
Mu
Rn
Mn
b x dy2
fy
0.85 x fc'
2704800
0.8
=
1000
=
0.85
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00152
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
1.4
fy
0,85 fc
b
fy
=
=
=
=
=
max
min
Digunakan
3381000
3381000
x
75
400
x
25
1.4
400
18.82
25
600
600 fy
x
400
0.0271
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00350
3381000
5625000
0.85
N-mm
=
2 Rn m
fy
1
1
0.85
0.601
400
18.82
0.00350
x
600
600
+
400
b
0.0271
>
0.00350
=
0.0203
max
=
0.00152
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
6697600
0.8
Rn
m
=
=
Mn
b x dx2
fy
0.85 x fc'
=
1000
=
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00298
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
1.4
0.85
1
1
8372000
N-mm
8372000
x
85
400
x
25
8372000
7225000
18.82
2 Rn m
fy
1.4
1.159
400
0.00389
18.82
fy
=
=
=
=
=
max
min
360
0,85 fc
600
1
fy
600 fy
Digunakan
0.85
x
360
0.0339
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00389
27
0.85
x
600
600
+
360
b
0.0339
>
0.00389
=
0.0254
max
=
0.00298
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
Rn
=
Mn
=
8372000
=
8372000
2
b x dy
1000
x
75 2
5625000
m
=
fy
=
400
=
18.82
0.85 x fc'
0.85
x
25
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00386
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
1.4
fy
0,85 fc
b
fy
max
min
Digunakan
=
=
=
=
x
360
0.0339
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00389
1.4
360
600
600 fy
0.85
2 Rn m
fy
1
1
27
0.85
1.488
400
18.82
0.00389
x
600
600
+
360
0.0339
<
0.00386
0.00386
289.59
=
0.0254
max
=
0.00386
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
x
mm2
1000
75
Berdasarkan tabel luas penampang tulangan baja per meter panjang plat, dipakai tulangan ;
10 - 200 mm
(as =
392.86
mm2
)
Tulangan susut :
Tulangan susut untuk fy =
Assusut
=
.b.h
400 Mpa
0.0018
1000
110
=
198.00
mm2
Berdasarkan tabel luas penampang tulangan baja per meter panjang plat, dipakai tulangan ;
8 - 200 mm
(as =
251.43
mm2)
Syarat : spasi tulangan susut 5x tebal plat atau 550 mm.
=
=
=
=
=
10 - 200 mm
10 - 200 mm
10 - 200 mm
10 - 200 mm
8 - 200 mm
OK
5000 mm
5000 mm
rah karena 1 < 2
450
300
mm
mm
mm
960
120
1
300
4 5 0
450
300
mm
mm
mm
60
1 20
1
00
4 5 0
11.08
kg/m2
kg/m2
kg/m2
+
kg/m2
kg/m2
Wll
100
5.00
5.00
m
m
0.468
0.601
(Chu Kia Wang Hal. 54 - 55)
0.02032
1.159
(Chu Kia Wang Hal. 54 - 55)
0.02540
1.488
0.02540
ly
lx
h=
h=
45 cm
45 cm
b=
b=
5000
=
5000
30 cm
30 cm
1.00
=
ly
=
5000
=
4700 mm
Arah melintang (lnx)
=
lx
=
5000
=
4700 mm
Mencari nilai (rasio bentang bersih arah memanjang terhadap arah memendek) :
nilai
=
lny
=
4700
=
lnx
4700
Menentukan tebal minimum plat (hmin) :
Balok arah melintang
Tebal plat atap diasumsikan
bW
=
=
=
=
Lebar flens
Syarat : lebar flens
bE
4t
0.5
0.5
x
x
0.5
0.5
x
x
1.00
120 mm
2 (h t) + bw
2
x
960 mm
960
2
480 mm
lx
=
ly
=
Plat 2 arah karena 1 < 2
hbalok
bw
=
=
330
300
300
330
OK
Mencari nilai K :
bE
t
k 1
1
b
w
t
t
4
4 6
h
96 0
120
1
1
30 0
4 5 0
=
=
{ 1.59
3.290
12 0
4 6
4 5 0
b E 1 t
bw
120
4 5 0
960
120
1
300
4 5 0
{ 2.07 }
1
12
3.290
=
7496143200
Mencari Ip arah melintang :
1/12 x lnx x h3
Ip
=
=
1/12
4700
676800000
bE
bE
t
k 1
1
bw
h
bW
=
=
=
=
4t
{ 1.59
3.290
120
120 mm
hbalok
bw
2 (h t) + bw
2
x
960 mm
960
2
480 mm
t
t
4
4 6
h
h
960
120
1
1
3
0
0
4 5 0
=
=
450 3
mm4
mm4
Lebar flens
300
330
300
300
330
{ 2.07 }
OK
b E 1 t
bw
120
120
4
4 6
4
5
0
4 5 0
=
=
9 6 0 1 1 2 0
300
4 5 0
=
=
1/12 x K x bw x h3
1
3.290
300
450 3
12
=
7496143200
mm4
1/12 x lny x h3
1/12
4700
=
676800000
mm
Nilai untuk arah melintang bangunan (1) :
nilai
1
=
Ib melintang
Ip melintang
Nilai untuk arah memanjang bangunan (2) :
nilai
2
=
Ib memanjang
Ip memanjang
Nilai rata-rata :
m
=
2 1
+
4
120
7496143200
676800000
11.08
7496143200
676800000
11.08
2 2
=
Ternyata m
=
11.08
90 mm
2.00 11.08
+
4
2.00
11.08
2.00
36+9
=
4700
36
4700
0.8
0.24
0.8
36
+
hmin
=
108.622 mm
360
1500
1.0
9.0
90 mm
110 mm
11 cm
0.11
2400
264.00
18
18.00
berat spesi t. 2 cm
21
42.00
berat keramik t. 1 cm
24
24.00
Wdl
348.00
Wll
250
Wu
=
=
=
1.2
Wdl
1.20 348.0
817.6 kg/m2
+
+
1.6
1.6
=
=
Lx
lny
lnx
4700
4700
1.00
Ly
Untuk perhitungan diambil contoh plat yang terbesar (plat A) maka :
Mutx
Muty
MuLx
MuLy
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
-0.001
-0.001
-1062.88
-0.001
-0.001
-1062.88
0.001
0.001
429.24
0.001
0.001
429.24
x
x
kg-m
x
x
kg-m
x
x
kg-m
x
x
kg-m
Wu
817.60
x
x
=
-10628800
Wu
x
817.60
x
=
-10628800
Wu
x
817.60
x
=
4292400
Wu
x
817.60
x
=
4292400
lx2
25
N-mm
lx2
25
N-mm
lx2
25
N-mm
ly2
25
N-mm
x
x
Lx
Ly
X
52
x
x
X
52
x
x
X
21
x
x
X
21
=
=
=
10 mm
Selimut beton diasumsikan dengan tebal
=
20 mm
dx
=
Tebal plat - Selimut beton - (0,5 x diameter tulangan)
=
110
20
0.5
x
10
=
85 mm
dy
=
Tebal plat - Selimut beton - diameter tulangan - (0,5 x diameter tulangan)
=
110
20
10
0.5
x
10
=
75 mm
Tulangan lapangan arah X :
(Chu Kia Wang Hal. 54 - 55)
Mn
=
Mu
=
4292400
=
5365500
N-mm
0.8
Rn
=
Mn
=
5365500
=
5365500
2
b x dx
1000
x
85 2
7225000
m
=
fy
=
400
=
18.82
0.85 x fc'
0.85
x
25
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00189
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
1.4
fy
0,85 fc
b
fy
max
min
Digunakan
=
=
=
=
x
400
0.0271
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00350
1.4
400
600
600 fy
25
0.85
0.743
400
18.82
0.00350
( Chu-Kia wang hal 49)
0.85
2 Rn m
fy
1
1
x
600
600
+
400
b
0.0271
>
0.00350
=
0.0203
max
=
0.00189
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
4292400
0.8
Rn
Mn
b x dy2
fy
0.85 x fc'
=
1000
=
0.85
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00244
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
1.4
fy
0,85 fc
b
fy
=
=
=
=
=
max
min
Digunakan
5365500
N-mm
5365500
x
75
400
x
25
5365500
5625000
18.82
2 Rn m
fy
1
1
1.4
400
0.954
400
0.00350
18.82
600
600 fy
0.85
x
400
0.0271
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00350
25
0.85
x
600
600
+
400
b
0.0271
>
0.00350
=
0.0203
max
=
0.00244
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
10628800
=
0.8
13286000
1000
x
85
400
0.85
x
25
Rn
m
=
=
Mn
b x dx2
fy
0.85 x fc'
=
=
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00482
Cek rasio penulangan :
1
1
13286000
N-mm
=
2
13286000
7225000
1.839
400
18.82
18.82
2 Rn m
fy
min
1.4
fy
1.4
360
0,85 fc
600
1
fy
600 fy
=
=
=
=
max
min
Digunakan
0.85
x
360
0.0339
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00389
27
b
=
0.00389
0.85
x
600
600
+
360
b
0.0339
>
0.00482
=
0.0254
max
=
0.00482
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
Rn
=
Mn
=
13286000
=
13286000
2
b x dy
1000
x
75 2
5625000
m
=
fy
=
400
=
18.82
0.85 x fc'
0.85
x
25
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00628
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
1.4
fy
0,85 fc
b
fy
max
min
Digunakan
=
=
=
=
x
360
0.0339
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00389
2 Rn m
fy
1
1
1.4
360
2.362
400
0.00389
18.82
600
600 fy
0.85
27
0.85
x
600
600
+
360
0.0339
<
0.00628
0.00628
=
0.0254
max
=
0.00628
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
1000
75
=
470.67
mm2
Berdasarkan tabel luas penampang tulangan baja per meter panjang plat, dipakai tulangan ;
10 - 125 mm
(as =
628.57
mm2
)
Tulangan susut :
Tulangan susut untuk fy =
Assusut
=
.b.h
400 Mpa
0.0018
1000
110
=
198.00
mm2
Berdasarkan tabel luas penampang tulangan baja per meter panjang plat, dipakai tulangan ;
8 - 200 mm
(as =
251.43
mm2)
Syarat : spasi tulangan susut 5x tebal plat atau 550 mm.
=
=
=
=
=
10 - 200 mm
10 - 200 mm
10 - 125 mm
10 - 125 mm
8 - 200 mm
OK
5000 mm
5000 mm
arah karena 1 < 2
450
300
mm
mm
mm
960
120
1
300
4 5 0
450
300
mm
mm
mm
60
120
1
00
4 5 0
11.08
kg/m2
kg/m2
kg/m2
kg/m2
+
kg/m2
kg/m2
(PPIUG 1983)
Wll
250
5.00
5.00
m
m
ng tulangan.
0.743
0.02032
0.954
0.02032
ng tulangan.
1.839
0.02540
ng tulangan.
2.362
ng tulangan.
0.02540
A2
A3
A4
25
390
Daerah
Lap x
Lap y
Tum x
Tum y
Lap x
Lap y
Tum x
Tum y
Lap x
Lap y
Tum x
Tum y
Lap x
Lap y
Tum x
Tum y
Mpa
Mpa
Ly/lx
1.68
1.68
1.68
1.68
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
min =
maks =
Wu
(kg/m2)
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
515.2
Ly
(m)
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
Lx
(m)
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
0.00350
0.02032
X
21
21
52
52
34
18
73
57
38
14
81
57
31
19
69
57
M
(Kgm)
67.62
190.85
167.44
472.58
227.02
163.59
487.42
518.02
253.73
127.23
540.84
518.02
206.99
172.67
460.71
518.02
b Pelat =
h Pelat =
(mm)
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
h
(mm)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
d
(mm)
75
65
75
65
75
65
75
65
75
65
75
65
75
65
75
65
1000
100
Rn
(N/mm2)
0.150
0.565
0.372
1.398
0.504
0.484
1.083
1.533
0.564
0.376
1.202
1.533
0.460
0.511
1.024
1.533
perlu
0.00039
0.00147
0.00096
0.00371
0.00131
0.00126
0.00285
0.00409
0.00147
0.00097
0.00318
0.00409
0.00119
0.00133
0.00269
0.00409
A7
A8
A9
25
390
Daerah
Lap x
Lap y
Tum x
Tum y
Lap x
Lap y
Tum x
Tum y
Lap x
Lap y
Tum x
Tum y
Lap x
Lap y
Tum x
Tum y
Mpa
Mpa
Ly/lx
1.68
1.68
1.68
1.68
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
min =
maks =
Wu
(kg/m2)
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
817.6
Ly
(m)
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.20
Lx
(m)
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
3.60
0.0035
0.0203
X
21
21
52
52
34
18
73
57
38
14
81
57
31
19
69
57
M
(Kgm)
107.31
302.87
265.72
749.97
360.27
259.60
773.52
822.08
402.65
201.91
858.28
822.08
328.48
274.03
731.13
822.08
b Pelat =
h Pelat =
(mm)
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
h
(mm)
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
d
(mm)
95
85
95
85
95
85
95
85
95
85
95
85
95
85
95
85
1000
120
Rn
(n/mm2)
0.149
0.524
0.368
1.298
0.499
0.449
1.071
1.422
0.558
0.349
1.189
1.422
0.455
0.474
1.013
1.422
perlu
0.00038
0.00136
0.00095
0.00344
0.00130
0.00116
0.00282
0.00378
0.00145
0.00090
0.00314
0.00378
0.00118
0.00123
0.00266
0.00378
m=
mm
mm
Pakai
0.00350
0.00350
0.00350
0.00371
0.00350
0.00350
0.00350
0.00409
0.00350
0.00350
0.00350
0.00409
0.00350
0.00350
0.00350
0.00409
As hitung
(mm2)
262.50
227.50
262.50
241.47
262.50
227.50
262.50
265.65
262.50
227.50
262.50
265.65
262.50
227.50
262.50
265.65
As pakai
(mm2)
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
392.86
18.82
Tulangan
pakai
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
10 -200
Tulangan
susut
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
mm
mm
Pakai
0.00350
0.00350
0.00095
0.00344
0.00350
0.00350
0.00350
0.00378
0.00350
0.00350
0.00350
0.00378
0.00350
0.00350
0.00350
0.00378
m=
As hitung
(mm2)
332.50
297.50
90.46
292.25
332.50
297.50
332.50
321.42
332.50
297.50
332.50
321.42
332.50
297.50
332.50
321.42
As pakai
(mm2)
392.86
392.86
628.57
628.57
392.86
392.86
628.57
628.57
392.86
392.86
628.57
628.57
392.86
392.86
628.57
628.57
18.82
Tulangan
pakai
10 -200
10 -200
10 -125
10 -125
10 -200
10 -200
10 -125
10 -125
10 -200
10 -200
10 -125
10 -125
10 -200
10 -200
10 -125
10 -125
Tulangan
susut
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
8 - 200
PERHITUNGAN TANGGA
Preliminary tangga
Data material tangga
fy
=
360 Mpa
f'c
=
27 Mpa
Jenis bangunan
=
Sekolah
Lokasi bangunan
=
Tanah Sedang
Wilayah gempa
=
3.00
33.3
35
Cm
b=
2/ 3
x
h
35
=
2/ 3
x
=
23
25
jadi ukuran balok bordes = 25/35
perhitungan tangga
direncanakan :
Penentuan dimensi anak tangga menggunakan rumus : 2.O+1.a=58-63 cm
dimana :
O
=
optrade (langkah naik).
a
=
aantrade (langkah datar).
Anak tangga di rancang dengan dimensi :
optrade (langkah naik)
(O)
=
18 cm
aantrade (langkah datar)
(a)
=
25 cm
maka :
2.O + 1.a =
2
x
18
+
1
x
= 36
+
25
= 61
cm
OK
Beda tinggi
:
450 cm
Tinggi bordes
:
225 cm
banyak anak tangga :
450/18 = 25.00
25 buah
jadi, tangga terdiri dari 26 anak tangga dan bordes
berat spesi t. 2 cm
berat keramik t.1cm
25
25 cm
18
cm
kemiringan tangga :
bawah tangga ( a1 )
a1= arc tang (18/25)
= 34
lebar tangga =
180 cm
tabal pelat anak tangga :
luas segi tiga ABC
= (1/2) 25 x 18
=
225 cm
AC= (25+18)
=
31 cm
t (tinggi )
luas segitiga
t (tinggi )
tebal anak tangga = tebal pelat + tinggi anak tangga
= 12 + 14.61 =
26.61
pembebanan struktur tangga
Tebal plat tangga diasumsikan dengan tebal =
(PPIUG 1983 hal. 11-12)
Beban mati ( Wdl )
Cm
0.5 x 31 x t
225/(0,5*31)
27.00 Cm
12 cm
120
288.00 Kg/m
175.29 Kg/m
2 x 21 kg/m2
42 Kg/m
1 x 24 kg/m
24 Kg/m
529.29 Kg/m
14.61 cm
300 Kg/m
beban ultimate ( Wu )
=
Wu
qu
1.2
Wdl
1.6
Wll
1.20 529.3
1.6
300
1115.15
kg/m
1115.15
Lebar tangga
1115.15
1.8
2007.27
kg/m
Pembebanan bordes
Tebal plat bordes diasumsikan dengan tebal =
12 cm
288.00 Kg/m
berat spesi t. 2 cm
2 x 21 kg/m
42 Kg/m
berat keramik t. 1 cm
1 x 24 kg/m2
24 Kg/m
354.00 Kg/m
120
=
=
=
=
1.2
Wdl
1.20 354.0
904.8 kg/m2
904.80
904.80
3619.20
300 Kg/m
+
+
x
x
kg/m
1.6
1.6
Wll
300
Panjang bordes
4
=
12 mm
baik untuk arah x atau y
Selimut beton diasumsikan dengan tebal
=
20 mm
dx
=
Tebal plat - Selimut beton - (0,5 x diameter tulangan)
=
120
20
0.5
x
12
=
94 mm
dy
=
Tebal plat - Selimut beton - diameter tulangan - (0,5 x diameter tulangan)
=
120
20
12
0.5
x
12
=
82 mm
Tulangan arah X :
Mu
=
1717.78
kg-m
=
17177800
N-mm
(perhitungan SAP 2000 V.11.0.0
(Chu Kia Wang Hal. 54 - 5
Mn
=
Mu
=
17177800
=
21472250
N-mm
0.8
Rn
=
Mn
=
21472250
=
21472250
=
2
b x dx
1000
x
94 2
8836000
m
=
fy
=
400
=
18.82
0.85 x fc'
0.85
x
25
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00647
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
1.4
fy
0,85 fc
b
fy
max
min
Digunakan
=
=
=
=
x
400
0.0271
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00350
2 Rn m
fy
1
1
1.4
400
2.430
400
0.00350
18.82
600
600 fy
0.85
25
0.85
x
600
600
+
400
b
0.0271
>
0.00647
=
0.0203
max
=
0.00647
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
Rn
=
Mn
=
21472250
=
21472250
=
2
b x dy
1000
x
82 2
6724000
m
=
fy
=
400
=
18.82
0.85 x fc'
0.85
x
25
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00869
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
0.00350
max
=
0.0203
min
Digunakan
0.00350
1
1
2 Rn m
fy
>
0.00869
3.193
400
18.82
max
=
0.00869
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
=
12 mm
Selimut beton diasumsikan dengan tebal
=
20 mm
dx
=
Tebal plat - Selimut beton - (0,5 x diameter tulangan)
=
120
20
0.5
x
12
=
94 mm
dy
=
Tebal plat - Selimut beton - diameter tulangan - (0,5 x diameter tulangan)
=
120
20
12
0.5
x
12
=
82 mm
Tulangan arah X :
Mu
=
1356.44
Mn
=
Mu
=
kg-m
=
13564400
N-mm
(perhitungan SAP 2000 V.11.0.0
(Chu Kia Wang Hal. 54 - 5
13564400
=
16955500
N-mm
0.8
16955500
=
16955500
=
1000
x
94 2
8836000
400
=
18.82
0.85
x
25
Rn
Mn
b x dx2
fy
0.85 x fc'
=
=
1
1
m
=
1
18.8
=
0.00504
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
1.4
fy
0,85 fc
b
fy
max
min
Digunakan
=
=
=
=
x
400
0.0271
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00389
2 Rn m
fy
1
1
1.4
360
1.919
400
0.00389
600
600 fy
0.85
25
0.85
18.82
x
600
600
+
400
b
0.0271
>
0.00504
=
0.0203
max
=
0.00504
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
Rn
=
Mn
=
16955500
=
16955500
=
2
b x dy
1000
x
82 2
6724000
m
=
fy
=
400
=
18.82
0.85 x fc'
0.85
x
25
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00673
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
0.00389
max
=
0.0203
min
Digunakan
1
1
0.00389
2 Rn m
fy
>
0.00673
2.522
400
=
=
=
=
18.82
max
=
0.00673
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
12 - 125 mm
12 - 125 mm
12 - 150 mm
12 - 150 mm
mm
Kg/m
mm
2.430
ng tulangan.
0.02032
3.193
0.02032
ng tulangan.
1.919
0.02032
ng tulangan.
2.522
ng tulangan.
0.02032
10,85fc 2Rn60m
b 1
1/12
1/12
400
b=
2/ 3
2/ 3
35
33.3
35
Cm
23
25
Cm
210.00 Kg/m
qu plat bordes
3619.20 Kg/m
=
=
=
=
=
=
h
350
292
5105.60
2552.80
7658.40
Mn
b x d2
fy
0.85 x fc'
=
=
1
1
m
=
1
18.82
=
0.00810
kg-m
kg-m
kg
=
=
=
Selimut beton
40
51056000
25528000
76584
sengkang
10
N-mm
N-mm
N
-
kg-m
=
51056000
N-mm
(perhitungan SAP 2000 V.11.0.0
(Chu Kia Wang Hal. 54 - 5
51056000
=
63820000
N-mm
0.8
63820000
=
63820000
=
2.994
250
x
292 2
21316000
400
=
18.82
0.85
x
25
mm
mm
Tulangan tumpuan :
Mu
=
5105.60
Mn
=
Mu
=
Rn
3829.20 Kg/m
2 Rn m
fy
2.994
400
18.82
mfy 6f0y
1.4
fy
1.4
400
0,85 fc
600
1
fy
600 fy
max
min
=
=
=
=
=
Digunakan
0.85
x
400
0.0271
0.75
*
0.75
*
0.00350
25
0.85
0.00350
x
600
600
+
400
0.0271
>
0.00810
=
0.0203
max
=
0.00810
<
=
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
0.02032
591.51
As'
=
0.5As
=
591.51
*
0.5
=
295.76
mm
Berdasarkan tabel luas penampang tulangan baja per meter panjang plat, dipakai tulangan :
mm2
2 16 mm
(as =
402.29
)
>
Asperlu =
295.76
As . fy 0,85 . fc . 1.x.b
x
x
As . fy
0,85 . fc . 1.b
0.85
Mn 4-D16
=
=
Mn perlu
Mn 4-D16
=
=
=
804.57
25
*
*
As . fy d
804.57
84225836.56182 N-mm
N-mm
63820000
84225836.56182 N-mm
400
0.85
=
=
*
71.27
mm
250
1. x
As . fy d
400
292
Mn perlu
0.85
*
2
71.27
63820000
N-mm
Tulangan lapangan :
Mu
=
2552.80
Mn
=
Mu
=
Rn
Mn
b x d2
fy
0.85 x fc'
=
=
kg-m
=
25528000
N-mm
(perhitungan SAP 2000 V.11.0.0
(Chu Kia Wang Hal. 54 - 5
25528000
=
31910000
N-mm
0.8
31910000
=
31910000
=
1.497
250
x
292 2
21316000
400
=
18.82
0.85
x
25
1
2 Rn m
1 1
m
fy
=
1
2
x
1.497
x
18.82
1
1
18.82
400
=
0.00388
Cek rasio penulangan :
min
=
0.00350
max
=
0.0203
min
max
=
0.00350
>
=
0.00388
<
=
Digunakan
=
0.00388
untuk menghitung kebutuhan luas penampang tulangan.
Menentukan tulangan yang terpakai :
As
=
.b.d
=
0.00388
x
250
x
292
=
283.57
mm2
Berdasarkan tabel luas penampang tulangan baja per meter panjang plat, dipakai tulangan :
mm2
2 16 mm
(as =
402.29
)
>
Asperlu =
As'
=
0.5As
=
283.57
*
0.5
=
141.78
mm
Berdasarkan tabel luas penampang tulangan baja per meter panjang plat, dipakai tulangan :
mm2
2 16 mm
(as =
402.29
)
>
Asperlu =
0.02032
283.57
141.78
As . fy 0,85 . fc . 1.x.b
x
x
As . fy
0,85 . fc . 1.b
=
0.85
Mn 2-D16
=
=
Mn perlu
Mn 2-D16
=
=
=
402.29
*
27
*
*
As . fy d
402.29
40460504.35534 N-mm
N-mm
31910000
40460504.35534 N-mm
360
0.85
=
=
*
29.70
mm
250
1. x
As . fy d
360
292
Mn perlu
0.85
*
2
29.70
31910000
N-mm
0.75
5
6
5
6
N
m
=
Vc
1
6
1
6
0.75
fc
>
5.20
250
292
>
76584
>
76584
fc
*
*
5.20
penulangan tumpuan
Vumax
=
76584.0
=
X=d
292 mm
=
Vu
ln
ln
250
292
63219.9
N
x
47415
>
Vc
Vumax
Vu
Vc
=
70620.66
63219.85
0.75
menentukan jarak tulangan
direncanakan menggunakan tulangan sengkang
=
Av
2
*
As
=
2
*
1
*
3.14
4
=
S
Av
*
fy
*
d
Vs
=
592.663 mm
Vs
Vumax
237074.5
menentukan Vc
=
Vc
63219.85
47415
3750
N
-
292
76584.0
3750
70620.66
30941.02
10
10^2
157
mm
157
mm2
400
30941.02
292
d
=
292
=
73 mm
4
4
Smax
24
*
s
=
240 mm
Smax
300 mm
diambil yang terkecil sehingga sengkang di pasang
10
70
mm
penulangan lapangan
=
X
1.00
Vu
Vu
Vs
ln
(1/4 bentang)
ln
=
=
Vumax
3750
1000
76584
3750
=
=
56161.60
47415
56161.6
N
>
Vc
Vu
Vc
=
56161.60
63219.85
=
11662.28
0.75
menentukan jarak tulangan
direncanakan menggunakan tulangan sengkang
=
10
=
Av
2
*
As
=
=
2
*
1
*
3.14
*
10^2
4
=
=
S
Av
*
fy
*
d
157
*
Vs
=
1572.39 mm
kontrol jarak sengkang
(SNI 03-2847-2002 pasal 23.3.10.4.3)
Smax
d
=
292
=
146 mm
2
2
diambil yang terkecil sehingga sengkang di pasang
mm
157
mm2
400
11662.28
10
140
292
AP 2000 V.11.0.0)
AP 2000 V.11.0.0)
AP 2000 V.11.0.0)
AP 2000 V.11.0.0)
0.02032
591.51
mm2
295.76
mm2
(OK)
AP 2000 V.11.0.0)
0.02032
283.57
mm2
141.78
mm2
(OK)
AP 2000 V.11.0.0)
(dimensi OK)
tulangan geser)
76584.0
76584
tulangan geser)
Daftar Pustaka
Jakarta: Erlangga
Gideon, W.C. Vis.1993.Grafik dan Tabel Perhitungan Beton Bertulang (Seri Beton 4). Jakarta: Erlangga
Peraturan Pembebanan Indonesia Untuk Gedung (PPIUG) tahun 1983
Peraturan Beton Bertulang Indonesia (PBI) tahun 1971
Sardjono.1991.Pondasi Tiang Pancang.Surabaya: Sinar Wijaya
SNI 03-2847-2002 Tentang Tata Cara Perencanaan Struktur Beton Untuk Bangunan Gedung
SNI-1726 - 2002 Standar Perencanaan Ketahanan Gempa Untuk Struktur Bangunan Gedung
arta: Erlangga
karta: Erlangga