Achilles

Tendinopathy
Excessive pronation
coupled with an
increased pronation
velocity (the speed
of pronation) or an
increased time to
peak pronation
(pronated position at
heel lift).
Forefoot
Varus/Rearfoot Varus

ATFL Sprain

Hamstring Strain

Patella Femoral Pain

ACL Sprain

Plantar-flexion of
the ankle coupled
with
inversion of the
rearfoot.

Biceps femoris
(hamstrings)
mechanism is during
terminal extension of
the swing leg during
running.

How the patella, femur

and tibia move together
rather than thinking of
the patella moving on a
fixed femur

Plant and twist

Forefoot
Varus/Rearfoot
Varus

Decreased Hip
Extension in Opposite
Leg

Front Leg of Gait: Foot

Normal Motion / Hip
Reduced Motion (R Leg)

Normal Foot
Motion / Hip
Decreased Relative
External Rotation (R
Leg)

Reduced Ankle
Dorsiflexion

Reduced Ankle
Dorsiflexion/Pronati
on

Reduced Ankle
Front Leg of Gait: Foot
Dorsiflexion in Opposite Reduced Motion/ Hip
Leg
Normal Motion (R Leg)

Inhibited External
Rotators

Inhibited External
Rotators

Back Leg of Gait: Hip

Reduced Motion / Foot
Normal Motion (R Leg)

Reduced Hip
Extension/Ankle
Dorsiflexion of the
Opposite Leg

Reduced Internal
Rotation of the Hip

Back Leg of Gait: Hip

Normal Motion / Foot
Reduced Motion (R Leg)

Decreased Foot
Motion / Hip Normal
Relative External
Rotation (R Leg)
Decreased Thoracic
Spine Rotation