Human Reproduction

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
It means a total well being in physical, emotional, behavioral
and social aspects of reproduction.

FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH

GENETIC
DISORDER
DEFIENCIES

HABITS

REP.
HEALTH
EXERCISE

INFECTIONS

REST

FOOD
& WATER

MAJOR TASKS OF RCH PROGRAMME

Creating awareness among the people about reproductionrelated aspects.
Providing facilities and support to build up reproductively
healthy society.
Creating awareness by govt. and non-govt. agencies using
A/V and print media.
Introduction of sex education in school.
Educating fertile couples and marriage age groups.

CAUSES OF POPULATION EXPLOSION

Decline in death rate
Decline in MMR (maternal mortality rate)
Decline in IMR (infant mortality rate)
Increase in number of people in the reproductive age.

BIRTH CONTROL
Contraceptive method
Raising of marriageable age i.e. Male-21 years and female-18
years.
Incentives to couples to small families.

CHARACTERISTICS OF IDEAL
CONTRACEPTIVES
USER
FRIENDLY

NON INTER
FERING

EASILY
AVAILABLE
CONTRA
CEPTIVES

NO OR
LEAST
SIDE
EFFECT

EFFECTIVE

METHODS OF BIRTH CONTROL

BIRTH
CONTROL

ORAL
NATURAL

BARRIER

IUDs

CONCTRACEPTIVE

INJECTABLE
AND
IMPLANTS

SURGICAL

NATURAL METHODS OF BIRTH

CONTROL

Natural

Periodic
abstinence

Withdrawal/
Coitus
interrupts

Lactational
amennorrhoea

BARRIER METHOD OF BIRTH

CONTROL

Barrier

Condom

10

Diaphragm/
Cervical caps/
vaults

Spermicidal
cream

INTRA UTERINE DEVICES (IUDS)

IUDs

Non medicated
e.g.Lippes loop

11

Cupper releasing
e.g.CuT,Cu-7
multilood375

Hormone releasing
e.g.progestasert,
LNG20

SURGICAL METHOD

Surgical

Vasectomy
12

Tubectomy

VASECTOMY

13

TUBECTOMY

14

STDs
SL.NO

Disease

CAUSATIVE AGENT

syphilis

Treponema pallidium

gonorrhea

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

chlamydiasis

Chlamydia trachomatis

trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis

AIDS

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Hepatitis-B

Hepatitis virus

Genital herpes

Herpes simplex virus

Human papiloma virus

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ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE
TECHNOLOGY (ART)
ART

TEST TUBE BABY

PROGRAMME

IVF
IN VITRO
FERTILISATION

16

ET
EMBRYO
TRANSFER

GAMETE INTRA
FALLOPIAN
TRANSFER
(GIFT)

ZIFT
ZYGOTE INTRA
FALLOPIAN
TRANSFER

INTRA
CYTOPLASMIC
SPERM
INJECTION
(ICSI)

IUT
INTRA
UTERINE
TRANSFER

ARTIFICIAL
INSEMINATION

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"The greatest mistake you can make in life is

to be continually fearing you will make one."
- Elbert Hubbard
17