Bi ging K thut x l nc thi Thc s Lm Vnh Sn

50.5
79
113.5
154.5
202

49
76
109.5
149.5
195.5

47
73.5
105.5
144.0
188

4
5
6
7
8

52
81.5
117.5
159.5
208

3.1.2.3. Thit b pha ch vi:

Cng sut nh c lng vi ln => dng vi sa.
Nng vi ti b pha vi nh hn 5%.
B thng c din tch cho 30-45 ngy.
C th xy bng gch hoc b tng ct thp.
Theo c ch vn hnh:
Theo m: a vo mt ln, thng quay 30 40 pht.
Thng lin tc : a vo thng xuyn timt u.
Trng hp dng vi sa: khuy trn khng ngng vi khng lng.
Khuy bng thu lc: Tc vi < 5 mm/s, b c y hnh chp, nghing 450,
ng knh ng x nh hn 100 mm.
Khuy bng my trn: n > 40 vng/pht.
Trn bng kh nn:
Cng tiu chun cn ly l 8 10 l/s.m2.
Ap lc kh nn: 1 5atm.
Tc vi > 0.8 m/s.
Bm phi t di mc nc, khng t van 1 chiu.
Dung tch b:
W

Q tt . n . P v
10000
.b v . y

Qtt : lu lng tnh ton.

n: s ln gia hai ln pha vi (6 12 h)
Pv : liu lng vi cho vo nc (mg/l).
bv :nng vi sa(5%)
y: khi lng ring ca vi sa(1tn/m3)
3.1.2.3. Kho ho cht:
Cc yu cu:phn, vi, clo cn c d tr vo bo v pha ho cht.
Din tch sn pha:

F kh =

Q . P .T .
10000 . P k . h .G

(m

Q: cng xut trm x l (m3/ng)

P: liu lng ho cht tnh ton.
T: thi gian gi ho cht trong kho.
: tn s tnh n s i li trong kho: =1.3
G0:khi lng ring ho cht:(1.1tn/m3)
Pk: tinh khit ho cht.
h: chiu cao cho php ca lp ho cht:
9 Phn Al cc: 2m
9 Vi cc cha ti: 1.5m
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Bi ging K thut x l nc thi Thc s Lm Vnh Sn

9 FeSO4 trong bao giy: 2m

9 Mui n: 2 5 m
3.1.3. Thit b ha trn cht phn ng
3.1.3.1. Phng php trn c hc:
Thi gian trn: 30 60 giy.
B trn hnh vung:
H
2
=
B
1

3.1.3.2. Phng php trn thu lc:

Dng cc loi vt cn xo trn.
Th hin ngay trn ng y ca bm CI.
Chiu di ng y phi to ra 1 tn tht p lc = 0.3 0.4 m.
C cc loi b trn.
3.1.3.2.1. B trn ng:
Dng trong trng hp c dn vi sa kim ho nc
S ti a ca b trn < 15m2
Nguyn tc: nc a x l t di ln (v = 1 1.5m/s) -> chuyn ng ri lm cho nc xo
trn cng ho cht. Nc dng ln vi vn tc vd = 25mm/s.
Sau theo mng -> cng trnh tip theo (vmang = 0.6m/s), thi gian lu: 2 pht.
3.1.3.2.2. B trn c tm chn khoan l
L 1 mng c 3 tm chn thng ng, khoan nhiu l dng chy xoy.
S cho cng sut va v ln.
Vl = 1m/s.
Vcui mng = 0.6 m/s.
Hng l trn cng phi ngp trong nc t 0.1 0.15 m; dl = 20 100mm.
Chiu cao mc nc ngn cui cng = 0.2 0.5 m.
Tn tht:
h=

v2
2 .2 g

thuc(dl/).
Trong :
dl/

dl: ng knh l
: chiu di tm chn
1.0
1.5
0.75
0.71

2.0
0.65

3.0
0.62

3.1.3.2.3. B cha vch ngn c ca thu hp.

Cng xut nh.
Vmng = > 0.6m/s
V hp = 1m/s (tc qua ca hp).
Tn tht p lc qua tm chn h = 0.13m. nh ca thu hp nm su trong nc l 0.1
0.15m.
Khong cch hai vch ngn ly = 2 ln chiu rng.
3.1.3.2.4. B trn c kh
Dng nng lung cnh khuy -> dng chy ri.
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Bi ging K thut x l nc thi Thc s Lm Vnh Sn

Dng b: hnh vung hoc hnh trn c:

Tc quay: 500 1500 v/pht. Cnh thng: 50 500 v/ pht
H
B

2
1

3.1.4. B phn ng to bng kt ta

3.1.4.1. B phn ng xoy
3.1.4.1.1. B phn ng xoy hnh tr
ng hnh tr t tm b lng ng( cng sut < 3000m3/ng).
Nc c trn u cht phn ng t b trn chuyn qua.
Nc ra khi ming vf = 2 3 m/s.
ng knh vi phun: chn theo tc .
Khong cch t ming phun n thnh b phn ng l 0.2Db.
Db =

4 .Q t
60 . . H . n

Trong :
t: thi gian lu, t = 15 20 pht
H: 2.6 5 m
n: s b phn ng.
Tn tht p lc do vi phun: h= 0.06 vf
3.1.4.1.2. B phn ng xoy hnh phu:
B c dng nh mt ci phiu ln, gc nghing gia 2 thnh b cn ly trong khong
o
o
50 -70 tu theo chiu cao b. Thi gian lu nc trong b ngn t 6 -10 pht (nc c ly
gii hn di v nc mu ly gii hn trn). Tc nc vo b pha di ly bng 0.7
1.2 m/s. Tc nc i ti ch ra khi b lng 4 5 mm/s.
B phn dn nc t b phn ng sang b lng phi tnh n tc nc chy trong
mng, trong ng v qua l khng c ln hn 0.1 m/s i vi nc c v 0.05 m/s i vi
nc mu m bo bng cn c hnh thnh v khng b ph v. Khong cch dn nc
sang b lng cng ngn cng tt.
Trong qu trnh nc dng ln, do tit din dng chy tng dn, nn tc nc s
gim dn. Tc nc phn b khng u trn tit din ngang, tc nc cng ln khi cng
gn tm b v dng nc lun c xu hng phn tn dn dn ra pha thnh b.
u im: hiu qu cao, tn tht p lc trong b nh, dung tch b nh (thi gian lu
nc ngn).
Nhc im: kh tnh cu to ca b phn thu nc trn b mt theo hai yu cu: thu
nc u v khng ph v bng cn, kh xy dng khi dung tch ln.

Hnh : B phn ng xoy hnh phu

1. ng dn nc t ngn tch kh vo b phn ng
2. B phn ng xoy hnh phu
3. ng thu nc sang b lng
4. Mng vng c l chy ngp

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Bi ging K thut x l nc thi Thc s Lm Vnh Sn

3.1.4.2. B phn ng kiu vch ngn:

Nguyn l cu to c bn ca b l dng cc vch ngn to ra s i chiu lin tc ca
dng nc. B c cu to hnh ch nht, bn trong c cc vch ngn hng dng nc chuyn
ng zic zc theo phng nm ngang hoc phng thng ng. Pha sau u b phn ng c
mt ngn cho nc chy thng vo b lng ngang khi cn sa cha b phn ng hay khi
khng cn keo t. S lng vch ngn c tnh theo hai ch tiu: dung tch b ph thuc vo
thi gian lu nc v tc chuyn ng ca dng nc gia hai vch ngn. Thi gian lu
nc trong b ly l 20 pht khu x l nc c v 30 -40 pht khi x l nc c mu. Tc
chuyn ng ca dng nc gim dn t 0.3m/s u b xung 0.1m/s cui b. Chiu
su trung bnh ca b l 2 -3m. dc y b l 0.02 -0.03 x cn. Tn tht : h = 0.15 V2
m (m: s ngoc). B c vch ngn ngang : cng sut 30.000 m3/ng. B c vch ngn ng
6.000 m3/ng. Thng Kt hp b lng ngang.
Khong cch gia cc vch ngn khng c nh hn 0.7m nu b c vch ngn ngang v c
th nh hn 0.7m i vi b c vch ngn thng ng.
u im: n gin trong xy dng v qun l vn hnh.
Nhc im: khi lng xy dng ln do c nhiu vch ngn v b c chiu cao tho
mn tn tht p lc trong ton b

Hnh
Hnh
: B
: B
phn
phn
ng
ng
cc
vch
vch
ngn
ngn
ngang
ngang
1. 1.
Mng
Mng
dn
dn
nc
nc
4. 4.
Ca
Ca
a
a
nc
nc
rara

2. 2.
Mng
Mng
xx
cn
cn
5. 5.
Van
Van
xx
cn
cn

3. 3.
Ca
Ca
a
a
nc
nc
vo
vo
6. 6.
Vch
Vch
ngn
ngn
hng
hng
dng
dng

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Bi ging K thut x l nc thi Thc s Lm Vnh Sn

3.1.4.3. B phn ng c lp cn l lng:

t ngay phn u b lng ngang.
C B = Blng.
Chia thnh thnh nhiu ngn dc.
y hnh phu.
Tc nc chy trn qua mng : 0.5 0.6 m/s.
Din tch l (l ca mng hng ngang > 25mm) ly bng 30 40 % din tch ca
mng hoc ng phn phi.
Vn tc i ln ph thuc vo SS
SS (mg/l)
< 20
20 50
50 250
250 2500

Vn tc nc ln (mm/s)
0.9
1.2
1.6
2.2

Chiu cao lp cn 3 m.
Thi gian lu: 20 pht
Nc chy t phn ng - > lng phi c thi gian trn (vtrn 0.05m/s)
3.1.4.4. B phn ng c kh
y l chu trnh hay s dng.
B c chia thnh nhiu ngn, mi ngn c b cnh khuy ring bt.
Cc ngn (bung) thng c kch thc: 3.6 x 3.6; 3.9 x 3.9; 4.2 x 4.2
Thi gian lu: 10 - > 30 pht.
Trng thi lm vic ca b phn ng c trng bi: Gradien vn tc

G = 10

Trong :
z: nng lng tiu ph cho 1m3 nc (KGm2/s3).
: nht ca nc (KGm2/s)
250C: =0.0092
9 G = 80 -> 100 l/s
9 Gc = 30 -> 40 l/s
Tc chuyn ng cnh khuy:
Vk =

2R.n
60

Cng sut cn thit quay cnh:

N= 51.C.F.v3 (w)
c: h s tr lc ph thuc chiu di v chiu rng bn cnh khuy.
9 L/b = 5 -> c = 1.2
9 L/b = 20 - > c =1.5
9 L/b 20 -> c =1.9
F: dung tch bn cnh (m2)
Tc tng i ca quay: V= 0.75 Vk

Trang 78