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AP Physics Laboratory

Simple Pendulums

DISCUSSION:
Asimplependulumconsistsofabobsuspendedfromastringwhoseweightisinsignificantcomparedto
thebob.Whenswinginginaplane,themotionofthependulumisnearlyperiodic.Severalofthebobs
parameterscanbevaried:themassofthebob,lengthofthestring,andamplitudeofthemotion.Inthis
labyouwillinvestigatehowtheperiodofthependulumdependsonthestringlengthandamplitude.

THEEXPERIMENT:
In this experiment youwill developtechniques for determiningfactors whichaffectthe periodof a
pendulum.

PARTA
1. Measure the length and diameter of the pendulum bob given to your group. Given the density
supplied,determinethemassofthebob.
2. Measurethelengthofthependulumbymeasuringthedistancefromthecenterofthebobtothe
locationofwherethestringisattachedtotheclamp.Setthependulumlengthnear20cm.Record
yourlengthasL.
3. Usingtrigonometry,calculatethedisplacementthebobwouldhavetogiveitadisplacementof5.
Displacethebobtotherightthatamountandrelease.Besuretostartthestopwatchatthatmoment.
4. Determinethetimeforonecompletecycle.Allowthebobtomovethroughatleast20cycles.
5. Repeattheprocedurefor40cm,60cm,80cm,and100cmlengths.

PARTB
6. Developanexperimenttoinvestigatetheinfluenceofmassofthebobontheperiodofapendulum.
Clearlydescribeyourprocedure.
7. Performtheexperimentandrecordtheresultsyouobtain.

PARTC
8. Developanexperimenttoinvestigatetheinfluenceofhorizontaldisplacementofthebobonthe
periodofthependulum.Clearlydescribeyourprocedure.
9. Performtheexperimentandrecordtheresultsyouobtained.

ANALYSIS:
Inadditiontoanynecessarydata,measurementsandcalculationsfromtheexperimentitself,
includethefollowinginyourlabreport.
10. TheoreticalstudieshaveshowthattheperiodTisgivenby T 2

L
g

.AplotofT2vs.Lshould

2
yieldalinewithaslopeof 4g .Measuretheslopeofthegraph,determineavalueofg,andcompare

ittotheexpectedvalueofg=9.81m/s2.
11. Fromyourgraph,determinewhatlengthapendulummustbetobeatsecondsonagrandfatherclock
(Period=2s).
12. Besuretorecordanyotherfindingsandincludeasummaryofalldatacollectedinyourreport.

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