ABSTRACT:

Solar energy is the transformation of daylight into power. Solar energy can be
converted to power either by photo voltaic cells (PV cells) or by concentrated sun powered
frame work (CSP). Concentrated sun powered force frameworks use lenses or mirrors and
following
frameworks to center a huge region of daylight into a little pillar. A feasible approach to
maximize the efficiency of solar array systems is sun tracking.
The output of solar cells depends on the intensity of sunlight and the angle of
incidence, it means to get maximum efficiency; the solar panels must remain in front of sun
during the whole day. But due to rotation of earth those panels cant maintain their position
always in front of sun. This problem results in decrease of their efficiency. Thus to get a
constant output, an automated system is required which should be capable to constantly rotate
the solar panel. The Solar Tracking System is made as a prototype to solve the problem,
mentioned above. It is completely automatic and keeps the panel in front of sun where we get
maximum output. This increase can be as much as 10 to 25% depending on the geographic
location of the tracking system.
There are many different kinds of solar trackers, such as single-axis and dual-axis
trackers. Installation size, local weather, degree of latitude and electrical requirements are all
important considerations that can influence the type of solar tracker best suited for a specific
solar installation. Solar trackers generate more electricity in roughly the same amount of
space needed for fixed tilt systems, making them ideal for optimizing land usage.
In this project we are using a dual-axis tracker so that the efficiency is maximum.
Light Dependent Resistors (LDR) are used for sun tracking, Integrated Circuits are used for
voltage comparison and DC permanent magnet motors are used for movement of board
according to sunlight.