I.

Identification
1. Eon older than the Phanerozoic
2. All time before the development of shelly and skeletonized life
3. European equivalent of the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian periods of North
America
4. Proponent of the evolutionary approach to the origin of species
5. Presented an elaborate calculation of the age of the earth based on the amount
of salt in the ocean
6. The process of change from one radioactive parent element to a different
daughter element
7. Invertebrate group which became extinct at the end of the Paleozoic
8. Creatures which replaced the Neanderthals about 30,000 years ago. They are
indistinguishable from modern humans
9. Intermediate between dryopithecine apes and primitive humans
10. An important fossil seed ferns found only on the southern continents that
underwent a major Permian glaciation
11. Formed when India collided with Asia during the Cenozoic
12. A series of orogenic events that was to form the Rocky Mountains
13. Period in the Paleozoic when the ozone level reached its peak
14. Among the most unique life forms of the Middle Paleozoic. Also called sea
scorpions
15. Among the earliest Paleozoic life-forms and referred to as ancient sponge.
16. Small colonial marine organism of uncertain biologic classification which are
considered as Ordovician index fossils
17. The Father of Geology
18. Estimated age of the Earth
19. Given credit for first stating the Principle of Superposition
20. Referred to as the age of the trilobites and archaeocyathids; development of
shells and skeletons
21. Referred to as the era of the reptiles
22. Referred to as the age of mammoths
23. The interglacial time in which we live
24. The largest subdivision of geologic time
25. The period when dinosaurs rose and conifers developed
26. The period when mammals rose
27. Referred to as the era of mammals
28. The period when land plants first appeared
29. Referred to as the age of humans
30. Rocks of this period where found the earliest amphibians
31. Referred to as the age of cockroaches, horsetails and scale tress
32. The half life of uranium
33. The duration of Cenozoic era
34. The earliest Precambrian life forms
35. Events marking boundaries between all the Phanerozoic eras
36. The clock used to measure geologic time
37. The daughter isotope of Rubidium 87
38. The extinction of dinosaurs and the development of birds mark the end of
this period
39. Period when fishes with backbones first appeared
40. Rock of this period where the earliest reptiles were found

41. The earliest animal fossil found thus far

42. Dominant mineral resource of the Precambrian
43. Period when Europe collided with Asia to form the Ural Mountains
44. Referred to as the age of the fishes and primitive land plants
45. The region of the solar system roughly located between the orbits of Mars
and Jupiter
46. Jurassic ancestor to all birds
47. Referred to as the age of ammonoids
48. Radiometric method used to date organic materials
49. Eon when komatiitic magnesium-rich basalts are common
50. The era where the formation of the Philippine Islands was initiated
51. The age of the rock with fossil assemblage consisting of clams, snails, flying
reptiles and swimming reptiles
52. The age of most gneiss belts of the world
53. Planets that are rock relatively small and close to the sun
54- 56. Comprise the northern continents of Pangaea
57-60. Comprise the southern continents of Pangaea
II.

Describe each of the following and cite their significance

1. Phycodes pedum
2. Burgess Shale
3. Tethys Sea
4. Morrison Formation
5. Rudistids
6. Ammonoids
7. Belemnites
8. Bering Strait land bridge
9. Isthmus of Panama
10.
Sahelanthropus tchadensis