Review of literature

Obesity as a chronic disease is prevalent in both

developed and developing countries,affecting
children as well as adults.It is one of the most
significant contributors to ill health.
Global scenario--
Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading
risk of global death.In 2008,more than1.4 billion
adults,20 years and older were overweight.Of
these,over 200 million men and nearly 300 million
women were obese.In 2010,more than 40 million
children under 5 years of age were
overweight.Close to 35 million overweight children
are living in developing and 8 million in developed
country.Childhood obesity is associated with a
higher chance of obesity ,immature death and
disability in adulthood.In addition it is associated
with future risk of increased breathing
difficulty,hypertension,cardiovascular
disease,insulin resistance and psychological
effects.
Atleast 2.8 million adults die each year as a
result of being overweight or obese.In addition 44%
of the diabetes burden,23% of ischaemic heart
disease and 7-41% of certain cancer are
attributable to overweight and obesity.
In Spain,according to nationally representive
survey carried out in 2011-2012 among individuals
aged 18 years or above,the prevalence of
overweight and obesity was 53.7% and 17%
respectively,which makes it one of the European
countries with the highest frequency of overweight
and obesity.
Indian scenario--
In India,non communicable risk factor survey phase
2 was carried out in the year 2007-2008 in the
states of Andhra Pradesh,Kerala,Madhya
Pradesh,Maharastra,Tamil Nadu,Uttarakhand and
Mizoram.The survey shows high prevalence of
overweight in all age groups except in 15-24 years
group.Overweight prevalence was higher among
females than males and in urban areas than in
rural areas.In India,1.3% males and 2.5% females
aged more than 20 years were obese in the year
2008.

According to National Family Health

Survey(NFHS),2007
 Male Female(overwei
ght)
India 12.10 16%
%
Punja 30.30 37.5%(Highest)
b %
Assa 6.70 7.80%
m %
Tripur 5.20 5.3%(Lowest)
a %

A similar cross sectional study to determine

prevalence of obesity in Gwalior city was done.The
study had found that 34.4% of males and 31.3%
females were either obese or overweight according
WHO classification of BMI.Most obese and
overweight males belonged to age group 50-60
years and females belonged to age group of
greater than 70 years.A large number of obese and
overweight males were involved in service sector
followed by business man.However most of the
female participants were housewife.The study had
found that as the BMI increases,there was a
significant increase in systolic blood
pressure(according to JNC-V classification)
 A similar study was done to determine
prevalence of generalized and abdominal obesity in
urban and rural India-the ICMR-INDIAB study(phase
I).The prevalence of generalized obesity was
24.6%,16.6%,11.8%,31.3% among residents of
Tamil Nadu,Maharastra,Jharkhand and Chandigarh
while prevalence of abdominal obesity was
26.6%,18.7%,16.9%,36.1%.
In Assam--
A comprehensive risk factor profile of non
communicable disease as suggested by WHO was
carried among Mishing tribes in Assam using WHO
STEPs approach.A total of 332 individual of missing
tribe(men 54%)aged 25-64 years were selected
from Tinsukia district.Overweight was seen in
52(15.7%) and abdominal obesity in 38(11.4%)0f
the participants.(Source:IJMR,140,Sept2014,pp370-
378)
RESULTS AND OBSERVATION
TABLE 01: TABLE SHOWING AGE DISTRIBUTION
Age Total %
18-29 10 8.33
30-39 35 29.16
40-49 32 26.66
50-59 26 21.66
Above 60 17 14.16

Total 120 100

Age Group Distribution

14.16 8.33 18-29

30-39
21.66 29.16 40-49
50-59
above 60
26.66

INTERPRETATION OF THE TABLE:

1. 29.16% of the population surveyed was between 30-39 years
of age
2. 26.66% of the population surveyed was between 40-49 years
of age
3. 21.66% of the population surveyed was between 50-59 years
of age
4. 14.16% of the population surveyed was above 60 years of
age
5. 8.33% of the population surveyed was between 18-29 years
of age

TABLE 02: TABLE SHOWING SEX

DISTRIBUTION

SEX TOTAL %
DISTRIBUTION
Male 39 32.5
Female 81 67.5
Total 120 100

SEX DISTRIBUTION

33%
Male
Female
68%

INTERPRETATION OF THE TABLE:

1. 67.50% respondents are female.
2. 32.50% respondents are male.

TABLE 03: TABLE SHOWING DISTRIBUTION OF

RELIGION
SERIAL NO RELIGION TOTAL
1 HINDU 120
2 ISLAM NIL
3 CHRISTIANITY NIL
4 OTHERS NIL
5 TOTAL 120

RELIGION

HINDU
ISLAM
CHRISTIANITY
OTHERS

INTERPRETATION OF THE TABLE:

All the families were Hindu (100%)
 TABLE SHOWING THE SOCIO-
ECONOMIC STATUS
Socio-economic Total %
status
Upper class 17 14.16
Upper middle 20 16.66
class
Lower middle 34 28.33
Upper lower 30 25
Lower 19 15.83
Total 120 100

Socio economic status

15.83 14.16 Upper class

Upper middle
16.66 Lower middle
25
Upper lower
Lower
28.33
INTERPRETATION OF THE TABLE
1)28.33% of the population were from lower middle class

2)25% of the population were from upper lower class

3)16.66% of the population were from upper middle class

TABLE SHOWING DISTRIBUTION OF BMI

BMI ASIAN WORLD
Total % Total %
Underweig 11 9.16 16 13.33
ht
Normal 32 26.66 49 40.83
Overweight 50 41.66 36 30
Obes 27 19 15.83
e 22.5
Total 100
120 100 120
 45 40.88 41.66

40

35 30
30 26.66
22.5
25
ASIAN WORLD
20 15.83
13.33
15
9.16
10

0
Underweight Normal Overweight Obese

INTERPRETATION OF THE TABLE

1)41% of the population surveyed had normal BMI

2)30% of the population were overweight

3)16% of the population were obese

TABLE SHOWING KNOWLEDGE OF OBESITY

Knowledge of Total %
obesity
Present 79 65.83
Absent 41 34.16
Total 120 100
 Knowledge of obesity

34.16
Present
Absent
65.83

INTERPRETATION OF THE TABLE

1)67% of the population surveyed had knowledge about obesity

TABLE SHOWING DISTRIBUTION OF WAIST-HIP

RATIO
Sex Normal % of Increased % of Total
waist-hip normal waist-hip increased
ratio waist-hip ratio waist-hip
ratio ratio
Male(>0. 20 42.5 27 57.4 47
90)
Female(0. 33 45.2 40 54.8 73
85)
Total 53 44.5 67 55.8 120

100
90 42.5 45.2
80
70
60 % of normal
50 % of increased
40 57.4 54.8
30
20
10
0
Male Female

INTERPRETATION OF THE TABLE

1)57% of the male were diagnosed with central obesity

2)55% of the female were diagnosed with central obesity

TABLE SHOWING DISTRIBUTION OF OBESITY WITH SEX

Gender Normal Underwei Overweigh Obese(%)

weight(%) ght t(%)
(%)
Male 19(15.8) 6(5) 11(9.16) 8(6.6)
Female 13(10.8) 5(4.16) 39(32.5) 19(15.8)
Total 32(26.6) 11(9.1) 50(41.6) 27(22.5)

35

30

25

20
Male
15 Female

10

0
Normal wt Underweight Overweight Obese

Interpretation of the table:

A)Among the surveyed population 6.6% males are obese and

15.8% females are obese.

B)Among the surveyed population 9.16% males are overweight

and 32.5% females are overweight.

TABLE SHOWING DISTRIBUTION OF OBESITY WITH AGE

Age Underweigh Normal Overweigh Obese( Total(%

in yrs t(%) weight( t(%) %) )
%)
18-29 2(14.2) 3(21.4) 6(42.8) 3(21.4) 14(11.6
)
30-39 2(9.1) 5(22.7) 10(45.4) 5(22.7) 22(18.3
)
40-49 2(5.7) 7(20) 17(77.2) 9(25.7) 35(29.1
)
50-59 3(10.3) 8(27.5) 11(37.9) 7(24.1) 29(24.1
)
60-69 2(10) 9(45) 6(30) 3(15) 20(16.6
)
Total 11(9.2) 32(26.6) 50(41.6) 27(22.5) 120(100
)

90

80

70

60

50 % of underweight
% of normal weight
40 % of overweight
% of obese

30

20

10

0
18-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69
 FAKHRUDDIN ALI AHMED MEDICAL COLLEGE
,BARPETA

PROJECT REPORT

PREVALENCE OF OBESITY AMONG ADULT

POPULATION IN BARPETA TOWN

Submitted by
MBBS,3rd YEAR(part 1)
7th semester

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr/Ms ..

Has completed the project work for the 7th semester students

successfully under the department of Community Medicine,

Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College,Barpeta.

Group Teacher Head of the Department

Dr.Mustaque Ahmed Dr.(Mrs)BeevaBoruah

Assistant Professor Professor and HOD

Deptt of Community Medicine Deptt of Community Medicine

FAAMCH, Barpeta FAAMCH,Barpeta

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I owe my profound gratitude to our project guide ,Assistant Professor,

Dr. MUSTAQUE AHMED,Deptt of Community Medicine ,who took keen interest
in our project work and guided us all along for the completion of the project work
by providing all the necessary information,encouragement and timely support and
guidance till the completion of our project work.

I heartly thank Professor and HOD Dr.(Mrs) BEEVA BORUAH,Deptt of

Community Medicine for her guidance and suggestion during the work.

I would also like to thank our Principal, Dr . AUROBINDA DAS for providing us
all the facilities for the completion of our project.

I would like to extend my sincere regards to Mrs.DHARITRI

KULADHIPATI,Public health guide,for her immense help and support.

I am thankful to and fortunate enough to get such co-operative respondence who

helped us in successfully completing our project work.

Last but not the least,I would like to thank the Almighty for showing His blessings
throughout the project work.