14 PART 1. LOAD ESTIMATING TABLE 15—SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU ORDINARY GLASS 0° Bru/(he) (aq sash area) o° NORTH LATTUBE aM SUN TIME pa | SOUTH LATITUDE Tine of Your] Exvoure [6] 7] ] [io] [Noon] [2 [>] 4] s [6] espowre |Tine ofYour Nea a] [asl | ve} solazl oo] v2] x] 5] =] 0) seat Netest | 0 | sie Page oe 33] asf Sr] 20] vn] 3] i] “S| 0 | Southeast | gat ei ugha lel at tal 2] a] ald ete | ea Shree OEP aa tee ep ap re] © Neo sune ai | seuh of ef fala] a miele a] uf s]o osc 22 hes Ltd al ad ed ed al aol 8 at SI ayy te pat ee aed] Neowines [0] §] 11 [18] ta[ ao] ss | ae] ss [a4 aed 113 | 0 Heri [8 | 8 | ey [oar [oot |otel ag lotr [tet [igs Pay 28 | op ary se] ar] es] a) at] | sp ap se] ovo 8 | uis|iat so fize| as] a] tel te] a] nis) 0 suv 23 willie ls al a liel at at ut ele JAN 21 Se See aye pet ey ptt] ey] * Oo] a) rl spel ay el al a] alu] &]o 2 of stad tel ia) ed ie] tal sel ae | ae Lo | Notte May 21 ST Ea serie ae stp 8 |e Nov 21 oP ep] By te] ial S| Se [sae [Teo] i] tie] 9 | Sections Heceone |S {_oo[ ot [uti | cas] ofs fons [ser St] 9 |S | toma North cP ary wey ary aay se] He] se] By at] 2a] 7] © | South Neaeoe | o[ lo| sat [iss sce] ai] 24 | ta] vel ia] ta] '¢] 8 | Soutean ave m | Eat 6 tay] tas [ize Lion | cal te Lig] GeL a tel glo | een rea 20 PS SE EEE EE ao Reieor a | son ole] ale] is] | ie] | | te] sl] | Nom . of el ed ad at tal tee] oe ee aod | Neteue APR 20 TE ey te ae pies ree aE We oct 23 of ef af 8] ta] te] ze | at [toe [ss] tat| 110 | © | Southwest S| atl a2 [eo Loos ost] oat Lae [206 [120 |"%0 30 | 8 | Hoon cys tf af MP ey] ope | sent ol 3 MPEP ie] ta] 8] a] Sf o | Sethe sera “ wield] let elo | eee MaR 22 op Stepp ay eye] © Nea . o| ’: i af a] aye] a] es] eo] Nom . ol] & tel st] tehioi lute] of | @ | Noses Man 22 $+ HE ee a 2 Weak sent o| & mL ia] sr [ ee [for @ | Soviet ol ofa ]2e0 [ote | I, | Hrwaae: opt vie] ay ep ay 2] e]e | Souk ° FP ee oct 23 ! atl il Bl BL ele APR 20 See ay ae ete ayy] . 3 ['r|'a| ‘a ['s| 3] alae a[ ail a] 0] 8 * ot 2) el id ial tal dt iba io| 8 a8 20 SEE EE aia po aus 24 of ef] al tl el ia] else ['as| "| |e 8 [at] 95 [fa foot] St] of [ose [ote | | 3] $1 | 8 North oy epi] ay ay et tet et ey ay ie] 8] Netter fo] a] af] ef] yey ie] a] uy eyo nova | fa oldies lel al alialeel ail é] 8 ay 21 Street TS Hay as iso aey aay te ae ty a | San 3 | ']'e|'s [ss] el or |e] Sl ef SB] |e ‘ Sete | oe tf th Set] ot | ae Lise [oso Lge | ia | 0 yan at Pa ETE aay ea a ry zy Ty aur 2 Newer Jo] 6] tf 3] isl te] te ae] 8] oe] | | Hermontat | 0| 23] 91 [ost Loss| os] o33 [oot ios [ust | st | 49 | © Nosh cpap] ay | ay ey ep ep py 8p 8 Nettew [of art ala] is] a] af al al a] uf so clube sel esl al tell al al il ste. nee SHEE EBay ay api] ey 8 ae o | wpa] te] re] eof ao | 7] | a] os] 0 of} 6} tid is] ig} zof-er] 95 [53 | ise Prs@1 19 | o SEE ae ae pa prey et ney © of ef nf aptly) ie] i] i] a |] Sr] ° 8 | as orfum foot | zit] ae fot [ist [ar | | 23 0 Dewpoint see an |S Hae aunteie ose Ram a7 x aor iar | 1st Mex) | +07% par tooo | OFT per tor Bold Face Values — Mogthly Masimums Boned Values — Yeory masimumsCHAPTER 4, SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU GLASS 1.45 10° TABLE 15—SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU ORDINARY GLASS (Contd) 10° Btu/h) (oq sash reo) 1 NORTH Larue [awe SUN Time fe | 10" SOUTH LATITUDE Tine ofYeur] owe | @ [7] ©] [io] [Neon] [2 [3 [4] s [6 | eponre [Time otvorr is] Ese! | al al fal a] apaal a] 2 so] St rman da) 8) 3) fa] fe] SY 2] 3 Lie sl oel iL ed ied is] 3 ee JUNE 21 a] pt Sp a) ef PAY ET Bal sf 3 vic 2 at at at Mad al ed ied ce] Bt al tL Fea Ste Nonwo [ 2] 6] a] aL te|_ tal aa] os] soe] vo Piety | SS Ferwotel__| [ae [ ice] ssa ao | 235] ogs [as | 20S es Per] ae | Se | eats S] sey sep ss) aa] ait 0] ar} 35] Sst 9] Ot] 2] Soa 2] as] al aafias] BP 2] a] BP Ta] FY Sethe suuy 23 Feared red ed Jan 21 Sy fatter ar ‘ a] TL 8] al i] [al ie T] Nee * He 26| Nate way ar itt Tae We Nov a1 Nese tT 3] tif fa] tal rel ze | se] oe 22 | Sathwest tion 3} atl or] ved | ato 288] aft [58 | tio 5 | Bota ork Tsp pep sp ey ee Pep ey rey te} 1] see Neto [tf uisfus[ ar] oo] S| fe[ a] ayo] ul a] || Stew aus 2 | Bar as{ inal tas] tealiael dl ied is tat Loft eee 8 0 Seiea Hye SE Sate iey ar a e a | an TPMT BY ey a] alia] el a a] a] | nee & cae | tt PLN BL HSL ial tt at] aol a2 ool oo wp] NSibont arn zo [Watt TIE ae pee oe ee oct 23 Netiwo | 1] 7] Wf 3] ta] tal tel se] velit |e] co] | Seelwen Fermi | _2{ ng [sos| 183] 213 | nuok-atb 243] 215 | tr | ts] ‘53 |_'s [pee Nek Tapa ay ay aye ep ey ie] et tse Nethout elias] ao] 201] a] el a] | ol | Stan serr 2 | fat i isopenerlsel al til igh BLL et | gee aR 22 TP APPT ay say Sey SETH te] Rea ‘ i] "3 3] "e[ RTS] Ge [ae] asl te] 3] o] | nom ‘ tL sid ish fa) SL BL aed Sd sae os || Nett wan 22 TS Hate ary eer ey sept 22 ) et ay ay RY i is] vr] el sofas] ee | 1 | Sellen tf st] so] eal abr] ass] ony [ane oor] eo 'S9| Sit | atom a} s] of ay Ty ta] ey a] a] oy S$] 2] soo Bs a oct ol ial ws] vss{ ool aol tel is] ia] al iol €] eo gest ‘Aen 20 Tepe Ta ep cc 2 a} “al ‘s] 3] as] vi] | a] as] lol | o| nee ‘ ol sl tol Sal al tal 2 af S| solos | 8) Neteg ra 20 STEP aa ea Pe TET eT We ave 24 of os] tof ia] ia] ia] is] ts] | te] | 8] 3] Seehowe Feveniat || a8{ as] wal ao] ayo [oo] lise | ae] ae | 8 | Bees Merk tp) aa] ey i] eye] prey a} ea] soa Nether [9] of 18] 8] a] ] eT aT ey ST a] 8] Set nov ar | a ol felugslisel aol ol ial tel al et st Sf S| ee way 21 Sireaa —]S-SStea esT 3 iat eae ia 8] 35] ‘e5| "sl "se] fo] vos fice] oo] ov |g] ac] Oo] Nene ‘ Seaton | of “s] “81 Tal 151 'Sil "Liesl tel gt Lit | 3p] 9 | neta van 21 Wa? STR ae Se a ete ee Juuy 23 Newioos | 9] a] a] a] a] i] isl ee] ala] Se] 8] Sete Merion | 6] ot] ea] ail sl aoe ate [celal | | | a | ee Nosh of —a]ay tay aa] vat te] ta] 3] aya} a] | oa Neate fof asl aa] G] al il fel a] a) Sf af S] Sts al | eel del isol oil él isl isl BL at St 4] S| eam Sciteat 3S eeL iat eepoe Sey yt t Aea pec 22 | Seu | cof nef vos] spa vie] woe | oe] | 3] 8] nee JUNE 21 orm it ee wae BP ayaa ae a ap He See ee Newiwot | of af 9] 2] 3] ta] ial te] a] io] ae] ts] OL Stetbeen Pevsner | Of a] os] to] oi] ot] ane nal ur fico] 2] te | 8 | Sea Slee Ssh o Cnvpcit Dewpoint [Sehr Solr Guin | SHES tude | scene om 47 | ncease om are | setts, arecion | xe ase itr | 15% (Mac) | 407% por 10001 eri pera Bold Face Values — Monthly Movinums146 PART 1, LOAD ESTIMATING TABLE 15—SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU ORDINARY GLASS (Contd) 20° thre se 20° zo" NORTH LANTUBE [AM SUN TIME Pa [a SOUTH LATTUDE Tine tour] Epowe [er fe] [vo] [Noon] [2 [> [4 [5 [6 | cow [Tine of ow Nek al or a] sf ul els} abel 3 | seam Nereut 1B) eS se IEF IL] it) Th] Tapp 9S | Settee fa fed rl PA Sora BE a une at | See a] aa{ ca ve a] ta] ae] a] 3] 3 ec 22 ieee fal ial tel eat at el al ela ia HEE a Sat Netheest | 3 o| ta] tal tel tal TE] Sol as] tae] fe Fismoial | | oo Lt | |b] ate] aso Lae [te [ie | 1 Nek Selerry ell ey al ey Rete fade a] | te a suns [Be Ue [as [ied eal da te Lied a sana rer Hh eee a [eee a] e] a] Bp al ey apap 4 fais [Lah al al al ad al ol way at [et Sa Nov 21 Methwes | 3] a] te] il fal [tal | oe [ tiie hf gh ff || ols kab ade [ote | os |e [83 | "a | ct spop iy apap ay tet ie] ey a] i], ey Sook efit Laue ea] So] PETS] GS] SY] SS] 2 | Sethe ave 26 Sia Haye] el st] adil Lat | aL 3 | eee 0 20 SR PRE a apt Ritear | & z i] is] 2a} 24) 26] 28] 20) 14] th] 7) 2 | North & SLs at ay Slit sib| | ot | Nees aon 20 Fae SB a ocr a BP Py af sep tel ta L taas [ae Ft | @s | Sette | Horizontal 5 | 48 | 107 | 167] 210 | 235] 247 [235 | 210 | 1e7 | io7 | 48 | 5 | Horizontal cc aparay a] iM] ut mf] ey a] ir] 8] 0] South Neen | 3] 8] ar] el al a] RPRP ET ayn] a] 3] Sika sina |E chiles ielisel dl ad ied il all eto eee war 22 a OP 9 EBT RSE ET ELT Te a Se 3 “ez [se] a] | a |e] sa] 3] 22] §| 0] Nom ‘ Eee ed ed dd Nethwet wane iat SE tae peer as eo TO ser | Nethees [3] ] ie] al fal i] [ta ]"as [Ss ]"ts | | 8 | Seton Fesannet [| 26 03 |s3| seas ad [até [es | $3 | 3 | 8 | Bat Rot appt apy ye] ey ey ay ay ey | sah Nomen | 3] ae) ca] BL Bl] TET EY] sf 2] 8] Shean ocr | fat 8] ar figr atl wal aad tL ad ila ee aon 20 Ener — PO ae ieop ie ite] Fe Pep 8 Re a [Sa 8] 2 ]'s |") ss] tee] at figs) ea[ 23] so] a1 | 0] nen ‘ Seta | Oe Se a] SSL Wis | [do ae | S| Nate seen at Bisa epee 8 auc 2 Nether | 0] 2] 3] 2] 3] tal a] i 3] 2[s2] a] o Howmet | 01 is os [usr use| ae [use Lunt Liar ee | ie | Nov oy at epny ay aye] ey api] af 3] 8] seat Note [8] ae( ae) EBERT RRP AY ET a] a] 3 | Sak Nov 21 oleae] a] at al ald el 3] | ee way 21 BENE Eee EN ‘ o| #2 |e |ico| as] 8] at ise [ozs [roo] ot | ae | o | nen ‘ ot ad ee [ae] 8 Ue [es Lie |e | 43 |S | Net Jan 21 SE We sown of af ef AT 2] bl | al ta]'t| ae] 2] 0] soot Hewat | 01 ot | | ud | velop [ue [us Lor | ae | “| 8 | Boson ork stay ap epey ay eT arer iy tye] eo] sate Rie [ofalal ele) el el ala) tlt] 2] 0 | Sao be vila etal ital at il ot 3] 6] ew Eine Batt Bi osc ar | sea of as [m4 tt ise [ee Peardiae oe Lis] oa] 26] 8 | Norm | une at cates | OL “ets [1 | ea Par ite [tee Parte | 3 | 6 | Nerbee a BE eee PSS Neto [0 3[ 5] 1] 2] 3] |i] alte) | i | 0 | Sout wmons —| 8L 4] ob Loe] se fost fara [uti | | oa | a8] "S| | oon Sel Soh evpa Dewpoint fel Gein | SUES ‘lite | pacts Hem 67 | Inieane Bos 67 iron | ye eer ti7 | 1st ex) | 407% eeriowee | ESE gertor| MEE pure tol Face Values Manty Meinurs Bose Vlas — You mamasCHAPTER 4. SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU GLASS 1 30° TABLE 15—SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU ORDINARY GLASS (Contd) Btu/he) (sq f sash area) 30° 20] NORTH LATTTUBE [AM SUN Time Pe |_ so) SOUTH LATTUDE Towctvod “tome ToT ToT TooToo Pa To Ta Ts De | ew [veto Tonk stat srel stl etal] stat a) a] som wae raged sa ot] ss] ial te] sa] tat ic] 12] 0) 3 | Sita tog Peet it Leg sel a tel ie] is] el 2) el | SEPP SOP BLL ep ae] a JUNE 21 5] 19] 12] te] is| a] efi] is] | ie] io] s] new ec 22 sLioh al ie] ial a] fat | asl spl oe] | he Ep iop rep tap ie ay ef aay eee er sTiol ial te] is] salva] io] 22] 33 | 0 FEY ct | seewwn Revioniat | 9 | Stat [ao 2 | uo aee fo | 2 [So ary | See Not Bp] ep ay ey ay te] ay eT ey ay 2] a] Sone sar ]as] | aye) TET] 3] a] 3] a] Steen suw as ws liisliealiee| | fal ad ie] Le | | 3] S| eee Jan a1 PPP] TOO] Toe) ar) Soe aH ea Re ‘ 4] “¢]%2] te] 20] Bl So] a] |e] a] os] a] nea 8 at stil sl te] ta) it] 2] 8 foot |iao | oo | at | Mette May a1 + TERRE Sear ET eee Nov 21 Tee aps] al eae] cele [ts [iar| | Seen Feveiat_|_ 1S a6 {125 | sa aia ane] aug [ase 2te [Se [1325 1g | Seen Nore SP ep uy By By at yey Tas i]s] ey Sen Nestea | ssroslicol 3] 2] i] PEER] BY] 3 3] Scaeen aus 24 | fet Ped Ferd ess eed ca ead e820 sae — Sr Sefer ep et Nese 2 | Ee 2) ¢{ 3) 2] 2] so] 9] sel e] a] | 3] 2] None 4 geaeoe 1 3 elu] SS] | BL | 1 [ado Lie | od af | Netto aoe Ci SPT ay tay te Sep a eae oct Nothet Toa] 8 [HL LT i] ie eel ar | se frestion| | Sethees 5] ai [oar | et} 200 a5] an [oa | 200 LS [15598 | | Sees ops, yey By ay eye] a et] 3] Osea 8] za] oe) 49] 18) al ia| ie] al i] 19] §] o| ssa ser clus|meliselias| wal iat ial at alist gL S| eee war 22 OP Sep at epee aa TT Ee ‘ 8] “s] te] 42] 22] ve] os| v| 2] vo) 18 3] 0] Neoe . feateos | 91 $1 tol ‘| S| Sel 8 Lule Luss lat og | S| Notte wan a2 Wt S) Ee EPs tate aes eae ete sr Nethwes [of] io] i] 3] 1] ie tal vs] 0[ | ss] 8] Setheen Hersam | O| 26 at 35] pase] a [aoe] ve [| ar] as] 8 | See Nort oy 3p ay ay ey ay ey aya] eT ay yo Seo Netto] ] afar] te] el Bl eT BL el i] el] 3] S| Stew ocr | gat sl ielielasl esl al tal al ul st aL 3] ey pon 20 Sarees 83 He STE a 4 ar 2 [ese 9] ve] sya] i] or] ws ise] zi Lael er] ae] 8] Nene 2 Seas | Ol SL Sel] | L811 2s ary LS | A reno WEE SPST Ea aus 24 Neiivet ] of 3] af NTL AY Ge] a] ulus as] | o| Selb Beimed | ol 6 elicolusliril un lint us lil ae 8] setts Nerk ops) ped Bp ep ey sp tote Netter | 9] afl s] HEE ell nf sts] ifs ovat | fet ol olielusl el ol elie ul st gt if 8 May 21 Seis JO ae par pret ae eae ee eels o| 10] ea] toe] tar] te] tee fies] afoot] 8] v0] 4 ire irs fad Bee da ed Jan 21 Tea eae eter Jun of i] eT a] ar] ial af ia] a] ] 5] 2] 6] Sete Of 2] ar] vif aoe] atl ag [ise ioe | ov ae] 3] S| Seat op ar apy ey ey ay ty aye] oye FARRER | ol solos! col sal fiat ut S| ff ot 8 Sy ae 24} 3 ear vic 22 8] 9] e4] iia] va | setteedise| ce |u| oe] 6) O| Nea | vune a of ol ele ee erties tae ie Lit] SL S| eet OF ep ap Stee Se] ee of of SPs] ui] ial 2 [a] SPs] to] 6] 8] Sates Beront | of of of esl fuel at fis] or] of | 3] 3] Sues ‘Steal Sho Devpet Dsepols | Seah La Sel gia | Sian Hwe Aiuds | Deganre em ere | emote om are | Sah dth, eresion | ic Waser tat | ists Quon) | orm perionns |S RE TOe [Meat rnaz | Pos Bold Face Values — Monthly Marimure fou Values — Yesrly esimume148 PART 1 TABLE 15—SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU ORDINARY GLASS (Contd) LOAD ESTIMATING 40° Btu/ he (9 ft sath ares) 40° we NOMA LATTVDE [Aa Son TINE ma SouTH eaTTUE Tero | af ral Ko i Nos a] Fa a] Gro | erst [Te wom Datel eberat ad atal at al al el oe are ee ee eee i Hehehe Lal el al tll al al al il & aT aT Te owe 21 | Sean sf BP [ | ss] el wll st iol el | vee 2 ees | tL eT sl a el Sed at os Lar lice] eet sn SE eae ee epee Wee | ele) elated alae) a] s| a] rapa ie tions Lt | a2] 8 [8 ato | asspas te |e |e ise Pt | ot tae Beep ap eat ey a ey eT eae ah Nee [eles oel Sl slo) | ala) al el | S| satu suey as BSF rd eed ers ra ed a san at eH eet ey ey ey TT 8] 2 [een Vella al al ale) al al a] el 2 se | SLL et BL il al 2] el tol del | el ee way an ath Bate ee Nov 21 Nate BUT tel tl ie] aa] ae] os seas fh bh at) ass [ott] 88 ‘er Thay ey a yy ep Nets el alla lal ale 5 nue | Be elghal st etal ale i fa Hither ee ep ep ery ey ee ; a [tesen S/S [ay a orl we | at] a] 3 2 eae | aL Lt Sal fal Sal Me |r| ae é vee Fee SE ae : oct wee | a) al il al cal tate] al te] ae 2 erst |S] atl to sows) aoe 2142/8] | || Ss ‘er SPs ep ey ayaa ay apap ay sy Nhe | ofst sla] alae] 8] a] a) 3] ele sera | pa See tal tl el st gle wan 2 Sa OPS ER PT TT aT nite [feo SP Pay re] ce] celal se] er al a] o 2 foots | OLS STEN) ee elie alee] wane SEE ee eee ser Wen | ola chal al ol us| sl olacl sla] Homers [Sy ol reef sh | aL es lela del 3] |S | ato Roa Spas ey yt ey ay iy mye] Nhe | haa sf a] uy a ela] ul ols) a] S| same orm | ft Ol allel eel tal tel wel ul tel él 2] a] dew pono Sa TTT eT ST ora a [em OP Te fice wr] es] ez fist Lal we] ae] ar] | nom ® teas | OL “el eo) aod et ae oe ato Nethnat reo wet Be eee ee aus 26 Meter |) a] ett lal a] ae] |e] | | 8 | scoteet Neti [SL 21 f/f tf dl atlas] a] ls] 6 | een op opty stat] way a7 a] Te ee 37 ef ey st st at last gt cl a] o| o| Scatem Nov 2 of et ell of tel at al at ot 6 ee way 21 See Te ey aya Neat . SY SPS fics] us| esceed ce ae] ie] es] 8] 3] Nom : seen 1 OL OL EU] S| ed eed ede oo | Nett sana Sat SE aS Se ea ree vovr 23 Meher | ole) att tal wl il a] cl a] c] o| cement Meters [ot st a] al 3] sacs oo] tl ol tel S| 6 | piven ‘ort Sty ey ape at a} ya] ey eae Near | ot 8] St st Sta ws] al 3) gl alo] o| Stateu Ee ot st tral al et el sl gl al ole a ites BPP ay oy pec ze | Soon Sy SP ayes iaa sleet ae] or] silo] 8 June 21 sees | OL SL ELS EL Slagle SL ol ae Seay ay oe oy Wht | of of el cl sl ial ws] io] 3] ce] a] 9] o erecta 3 5] EL at} of] ot] eel ml oo] oe] | 8] o [ene Shel Sah Dowpsnh Cevpsin Seat a Sr Gen | Sin Atade sree ort | meee em ore | oct creton | NGStHAT tarts per ones | USE eet” | MEE petore | OS Te Bold Face Valuos — Monthly Masimume Bowed Volues — Yearly maximumsCHAPTER 4. SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU GLASS 149 TABLE 15—SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU ORDINARY GLASS (Contd) 50° Btu/the (gf s02h area) 50° we NORTH LATTUDE [Aw wun time ha SOUTH LATTE Se ST OO ry elalarel ala wlalsbal a Sou Wethees RHE] a] al ag] Ye] ae] 8] 8 Site he Bee Lael sel ail ial ist ist Le i eas Teepe ETT aT Rabtear une at | Sea [eels] al ol slel sl slic ote 22 Settee | 6] tol iL ia] ie] SL Br fe Lit Las lice ca EE aT at rae Newer | {el al 3] wl alitl ie] is ae] Nth [of | a8 fost [i Lt |tshamee [oy [is LS tat app apa ey ae ee a Natew [ceil al al el al tie] al al a ura |B Pa ee san 21 eat PE ep epee eT nee eae 5]"o[ a | a 2] 2a] | ae] 09| oa] ‘ Setheos | $1 fol to] eal fe] 3 8 Lot | Lab way 21 7a EEA a eas eat Nov 2 Noten [Sf] af tell | eel os] ele Heseotal_ [a5 ste [ist esac] att [oes |b io | | th Ne aay] ay ape ee Pay 2] oy at a] ee Nath [ot] se] 8[ eal lo] ef 3] a] le] Se] sei ave | ES welhaehaites| al ela] al el et ef sf gee ran Sea Tease] Rr fel lean a[a/'3S] a] tesla] site fis [os] els] a | none ‘ Seuteee {SL a] 13] 213] 286 U8 Lae La Lit | Ret aonzo Ps EE ee Stef We ocr Netwer Te] af el a] al id el al rte] se] oe] Salen Nema [oS] i] et Lat (tava vas Ltt [io [di] S31 18 | eae Roth oP ap ey yey ae] Tepe] ya] oT ea Nate [fa] a] ie] al al el al ele) af af serra | Ba shelisel ol ol el at el gt at wan 22 Sea "1a ‘ 8] t['5 [8 FRA Tea) eof Lar] aa] st sf] 8 ‘ Shad Se] fall 88 Li na 21 | as 8 wan 22 SE eH epee sera 8] Pe] el al al a] ell el sla] o o] ad] | asliisldl slid isles] 8] EL 8 apap oy py ep ey ap ty ay sy 8] alas] 3] sf ie] fie] 3] a] a] 3] 8 ocr a ot Bl Slgl ost asl if tel et sl at St 8 ane Sani saat 2 o| 8]]'s/ ersten [ara] 3] | 8 ‘ 8] of Si eee Pred ie Le Le 2 8 rex Se ae $ aus 24 ef ef a) stall uliel s(t sl al & 8} SLs] gl tl a sf 8] ef a] B/S Ne yap at at tyre Netto [3] 8] 8] a] Sf) sf at ef a] iP aye Nov 2 slot ail al lal 31 at tl a] if sl 8 way a ties JES at ty of sae 8] 3] Se] so/ttel i] ess fre] ao) ae] 8] 8 ‘ Sites | 9 S| 1] 1's / SL ts [ios [iar | BL SL 8 sawn spt Tepe ayy aye uur 2 Neto | 9] 8] t/a) cl al sl sl cl] al ol hemos | of 5] afi] all s/s lool 3] ¢] S| 8] satan Tar Fae de Ed DE) Nero | 3] 8) sf 3] al ef 3] 8] $7 3] af sto] Sita is sl al slat] ala 31 et st al ot el ot es iiiser Sparse pay ay ot otc 2 | sean 3] ot ef atlas mle slay of 3] & une 21 oak 8) a] bl a] 3] al ti live ior | af ot S| 8 Pitt ape ee Netiwes | | of e] | al sr] 3] el 3] | 5] 3] Salus Rowen | of 8) 3f 3] a] as] wf ast] 2] 3] 3] 8] aes Ste Suh Deeps repent] Seah it fa gun | Stele Hose ante once am re | nate Fo a7 € srecon | astra | sre tion) | 07% por itor SH PE Bold aca Values — Monthy Matimume Setad Values — Yoery mtimuns1.50 Heat Gain to Space (4x 52k) $43R 658 Ror OLR Fic. 15 — Reaction ow Sonar Hear (R) , 52% Hear AusoRBING GLASS, 80° ANGLE OF INCIDENCE ALL GLASS TYPES — WITH AND WITHOUT SHADING DEVICES Glass, other than ordinary glass, absorbs more solar heat because it 1. May be thicker, or 2. May be specially treated to absorb solar he: (heat absorbing glass). These special glass types reduce the transmitted solar heat but increase the amount of absorbed solar heat flowing into the space. Normally they reflect slightly less than ordinary glass because part of the reflection takes place on the inside surface. A portion of heat rellected from the inside surface is absorbed in passing back through the glass. The overall effect, however, is to reduce the solar heat gain to the conditioned space as shown in Fig. 15. (Refer to Mem 8, page 41, for absorptivity, reflec tivity and transinissibility of common types of glass at 30° angle of incidence.) The solar bear gain factor shrongh 52% heat absorbing glass as ‘compared to ordinary glass is 64R/.88R = .728 or .73, This multiplier (.73) is used with Table 15 to determine the solar heat gain thru 52% heat absorbing glass. Multipliers for vari- ‘ous types of glass are listed in Table 16. The effectiveness of a shading device depends on its ability to keep solar heat from the condi tioned space. All shading devices reflect and absorb a major portion of the solar gain, leaving a small portion to be transmitted, The outdoor shading. devices are much more effective than the inside de vices because all of the reflected solar heat is kept out and the absorbed heat is dissipated to the out door air. Inside devices necessarily dissipate their absorbed heat within the conditioned space and PART 1. LOAD ESTIMATING Heat Gain to Space = (40 X15 R)-+ (37 X77 R)+(12 X77 R) + (08.51 x97 R) + (40% 15 X51 x TTR) AMR or 49K Fic, 16 — REAcTION on SoLak Hear (R) , Y1NcH PLATE Gass, WHITE VENETIAN BLIND, 30° ANGLE, oF INCIDENCE ‘must also reflect the solar heat back through the glass (Fig, 16) wherein some of it is absorbed. (Refer to Huem 8, page 51, for absorptivity, reflectivity and transmissibility of common shading devices at 30° angle of incidence.) The solar heat gain thru glass with an inside shading device may be expressed as follows: Q= [ae tent + ta + Hat + age] hee Jar eat gain o space Bua / (hq 1) otal slat intensity, Bt), (rom Table 15) ola absorptiviey colar transmisbity solar refectiviey gus s= shading device £8 conversion factor from Fig. 12 For drapes the above formula changes as follows, caused by the hot air space between glass and drapes: a abet (ana tea tra t By) B The transmision factor U for glass with 100% drape is 0.80 Bru (hr) (sq ft) F). ‘The solar heat gain factor thru the combination in Fig. 16 as compared to ordinary glass is 49R /.88R, =.557 or 56. (Refer to Table 16 for y4-inch regular plate glass with a white venetian blind.)CHAPTER 4, SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU GLASS NOTE: Actually the reaction om the solar heat reflected back through the glass from the blind is noc always identi ‘al to the first pass a5 asumed in this example, The first pass through the glass filters out most of solar radiation that ito he absorbed in the glass, and the second pass absorbs somewhat les, For simplicity, the reaction is assumed identical, since the quantities are normally small on the second pass. Bosis of Table 16 Over-all Factors for Solar Heat Gain thru Gloss, With and Without Shading Devices ‘The factors in Table 16 are based on: }. An outdoor film coefficient of 2.8 Beu/(ht) (6q ft) (deg F) at 5 mph wind velocity 2, An inside film coefficient of 1.8 Btu (ar)(sq ft) (deg F), 100.200 fpm, This is not 1.47 as nor ally used, since the present practice in well designed systems is to sweep the window with a stream of air 3. A 30° angle of incidence which is the angle at which most exposures peak. The 30° angle of incidence is approximately the balance point on reduction of solar heat coming Urough the atmosphere and the decreased transmissibility of glass. Above the 30° angle the transmissibility of glass decreases, and below the 30° angle the atmosphere absorbs or rellects more, 4. All shading devices fully drawn, except roller shades, Experience indicates that roller shades are seldom fully drawn, so the factors have been slightly inereased. 5, Venetian blind slats horizontal at 45° and shading sercen slats horizontal at 17°, Ll 6. Outdoor canvas awnings ventilated at sides and top. (See Table 16 footnote.) 7. Since Table 15 is based on the net solar heat gain thru ordinary glass, all calculated solar heat factors are divided by 88 (Fig. 12). 8. The average absorptivity, reflectivity and trans. missability for common glass and shading de- vices at a 80° angle of incidence along with shading factors appear in the table below. Use of Table 16 = Overall Factors for Solar Heat Gain thru Glass, With and Without Shading Devices ‘The factors in Table 16 are multiplied by the values in Table 15 10 determine the solar heat gain thru different combinations of glass and shading devices. The correction factors listed under Table 15 are to be used if applicable, Transmission due to temperature difference between the inside and out- door air must be added to the solar heat gain to determine total gain thru glass. Example 3 — Partially Drawn Shades Occasionally it is necessary 10 estimate the eooting toad in 1 building where the blinds are not to be fully drawn. ‘The procedure i ilustrated in the following example! Given West exposure, 40° North latitude ‘Thermopane window with white venetian blind on inside, dawn Find: Peak solar heat gain, Solution: By inspection of Table 15, the boxed boldface values for ‘peak solar heat gain, occurring at 4:00 pan, om July 28 164 Buu /(hyeq ft) TYPES OF GLASS OR “Aisorpivigy | Refcetiiy | —Tranamisniiny SHADING DEVICES* ‘@) ‘ © Solar Factort Ontinary Clas 06 08 sb 700 Regular Plate, 14” 15, 08 7 ‘st Heat Absorbing by mtg 05 d= 05—3) = 37 BI 2 6 Medium Color 58 30 5 3h Me Dark Color 72 3 m1 3 Fiberglass Cloth, Of White (672 61/58) 05 0 35 a8 Cotton Cloth, Beige (618 - 91/36) 25 a 23 st Fiberglass Cloth, Light Gray 30 a 2 503 Fiberglass Cloth, Tan (7.55 + 37/28) a a 4 oat Glass Cloth, White, Golden Stipes 05 4 st 6 Fiberglass Cloth, Datk Gray 60 2 a See ‘Dacion Cloth, White (8 - 85/81) m B m0 18 Cotton Cloth, Dark Green, Vinyl Coated (similar to roller shade) 85 as 0 88 Cotton Cloth, Dark Green (6.06 - 91/36) n os 70 at Factors for various draperies ae given for guidance only ance the actual drapery material may he diferent in color and texte; figures in parentheses are olunces per syd. and coune warp fling: Consult manuactrers for acta values. Compared to ordinary law. Fora shading device in combination with ordinary gla,1.52 “Thermopane windows have no sash; therefore, sash area correction = 1/85 (bottom Table 13) In this example, 54 of the window i covered with the senetian blind and % is not; therefore, the solar heat gain factor equals yj of the overall factor + 1 of the glass factor acto fr y drawn = (4 X 52) + (44 X80) (Table 1) 59 59 164 x SF = 114 Bey) (oe) (64) Solar heat gain Example 4 — Peak Solar Heat Gain thru Solex “ Given West exposure, 40° North laticude 1" Solex "R glass in steel sash, double hung window PART 1, LOAD ESTIMATING Find: Peak solar eat gain By inspection of Table 15 the boxed! boldface value for peak solar heat gui, occurring a 4:00 p.m on July 23 14 te (hx) (9) Stel sesh window correction = 1/85 (hottom Table 18) Solex “R” glass absorbs 50.9% of the solar heat. (ooinotes to Table 16) which places this glass in the 48% to 56% absorbing range. Fromm Table 16, the facto 164 18. Solar heat = 141 Bau) he) 9) TABLE 16—OVER-ALL FACTORS FOR SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU GLASS WITH AND WITHOUT SHADING DEVICES* Apply Factors to Toble 15 Outdoor wind velocity, 5 mph — Angle of incidence, 30° — Shading devices fully covering window Tae course course oursbe cuss | VENETIAN tue | venGtan uno | SHABING | Stns ror cuss | PASOR| eenollen Srinve | IH | toneate | eae stabe Tae] watt | Mesum | oot] str | Sebi |Madtned ont | gt | wed eae | Medi | Bek) Uae | Oat [Maer | elle | caer | MEa a Cer RONAN GE mw pepe pape, ste )e> =] = TIA ae |e Le |e Lo] |e Pe HEAT ABSOREING GLASSY Atsig o jw) 2 | nl 2} on] aw |i] a] ‘tose Aboring ala) e | elu] w]e fa] as] te Sto 70H Abeta ef a| |] wo | oe] we | te | a | DOURLE PANE Onno cls wo ju} fa| aw] ae] a fw] ae | om gee Pate 2 fale | eli] a | a | ef ie] a i aeetier a ol : J fie bring a |a | a | o{ wo] w|i | | wo] oo 07090 bring me ; ol wl a Regular Plate inside, “0 a m a“ e ad 7 . * Taine PANE ra esn le eee | cur en alge pre @ [a | || wo | | is | to |e | oo PAINTED GLASS ist Cer = Mesh Coler A Dat Coe 2° TAINED GLAST rare » Dut ted = Dart Bs 2 burt Green 3 cathe * eit Opec! S Dat Oplecont 7 Fosinote for Toble 16CHAPTER 4. SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU GLASS 153 pane “sll ara ms Conia) Sogeiex trl Fic. 17 ~ REACTION on Sotar Hear (R), j-1NCH PLATE Gass, WHITE VENETIAN BLIND, 14-1 PLATE Gass, 80° ANGLE OF INCIDENCE. APPROXIMATION OF FACTORS FOR COMBINATIONS NOT FOUND IN TABLE 16 Occasionally combinations of shading devices and types of glass may be encountered that are not cov- ered in Table 16. These factors can be approximated (1) by using the solar heat gain flow diagrams in Fig. 15 and 16, (2) by applying the absorptivity, re Rectivity and transmissibility of glass and shades listed in the table on page 51, or determined from manufacturer, and (3) by distributing heat absorbed within the dead air space and glass panes (Fig. 17). Example 5 — Approximation of Ov A combination as in Fig, 6 backed on the inside with an: ‘other pane of 14-inch regular plate glas Find "The overall factor cll Factor Solution Figure 17 shows the distribution of solar heat. The heat ab. sorbed between the glass panes (dead air space) is divided 45% and 55% respectively hetween the in and out flow. The heat absorbed within the glass panes is divided 20% in and {80% out for the outer pane, and 75% in and 25% out for the inner pane. These divisions are bawed on reasoning par tially stated in the notes under Fig. 13, which assume the ‘outdoor film coeficient of 28 Btu) (br) (qf) (eg F), the ‘indoor film coefficient of 1.8 Beu/ (he) (oq 0) (deg F) andthe ‘overall thermal conductance of the air space of 137 Beu/ () 64 (eg, in wo space (Fig. 17) 15 X 1B ¥ .77R) + (97 X 12 X TTR) “F537 TTR) + (OR XSL ¥ 77R) + (03% 12 x 77R)) + 20 (AR) + (15 XE x TTRY] = 2688R or 27k Solar heat gain factor as compared to ontinary glass R/S8R = 31 Equations Solar Goin Witho! Shader = (Solar Date from Table 16} (Gloss Foter fom tobe) Solar Gein With Shoder = (Solar Date from Table 15] x (Overs Soler Data from Tobie 18) Soler Gain With Shades Pectily Drown Fedor from table) [(tracion Brawn Overs Fador) + (1 — Fraction Brown) x (Glot Fedor fort ‘Shading devices fll drown except roller shades. For fll drown ‘aller shades, muily light color by 73, medi cles by 95, end dork colon by 108. ‘feces for solar elite angles of 40” or gre Slow 40% ome cast war roe eset [MULTIPLIERS FOR SOLAR ALTITUDES BELOW 40° ‘**Commercal shade, cluminum. Metal slats 0.057 inches wide, 17.5 ‘Max hoot absorbing loss used in comfort at conditioning i inthe 140% to. 58% range; inauetiel applets normaly we 56% to 70%, The elowing table presen the sbsorsian quien ofthe SOLAR RADIATION ABSORBED SY HEAT ABSORBING GLASS Teproinas Son Fnw Ja 23] lor Tou ; Setor — Aimee Ta] pee MENST | Manctacnrm [Tm] cot | Raseion 30° tt | 0" tat | 20° ten | fdea)_[Cslor_| Getor cy Savon] 300m as Rg Gon Com | Ue | Pole Bue een] se 6:15 pum. | 6:30 pam, * - at Blue Ridge Glass Corp, 4 7 fuoln:| 630m | : Nitatpe Slow Ger”) i se 5:20 pum. | 5:30 p.m, = oa an Mississippi Gloss Co. a 704 Faoem[Fa0em | key Sen ford Pectivccreen| 282 4:30 pam, | 4:30 parm. | 7 - wr Piaborah Plate Gloss rulply verail Foaor by 1 Commercial shade bronze. Mel slats 005 inches wide, 17 per ich 1 bullding on sides nd Yop, UY | Palecreen | 509 1}th mutes windows ae theLs GLASS BLOCK Glass block differs from sheet glass in that there is an appreciable absorption of solar heat and a fairly long time lag before the heat reaches the in side (about 3 hours). This is primarily caused by the thermal storage capacity of the glass block it self, The high absorption of heat increases the inside surface temperature of the sunlit glass block which may require lower room temperatures to maintain comfort conditions as explained in Chap ter 2. Shading devices on the outdoor side of glass block are almost as effective as with any other kind of glass since they keep the heat away from the glass Shading devices on the inside are not effective in reducing the heat gain because most of the heat reflected is absorbed in the glass block, Basis of Table 17 "Soler Heat Gain Factors for Glass Block, With and Without Shading Devices ‘The factors in Table 17 are the average of tests conducted by the ASHAE on several types of glass block. Since glass block windows have no sash, the fac PART 1, LOAD ESTIMATING tors in Table 17 have been increased to include the 1/.85 multiplier in Table 15. Use of Table 17 — Solar Heat Gain Factors for Gloss Block, With and Without Shading Devices The factors in Table 17 are used to determine the solar heat gain thru all types of glass block, The transmission of heat caused by 2 difference between the inside and outdoor temperatures must also be figured, using the appropriate “U" value, Chapter 5 Example 6 Given: ‘West exposure, 0° North latitude Glas block window — Peak Solar Heat Gain, Gloss Block Find! Peak solar heat gain Solution: By inspection of Tabte 15, che peak solar heat gain occurs on July 28 Solar heat gait ‘At 4:00 pam, = (39% 161) + (21 48) =73 ‘Atsi00 pom, = (39 X 161) + (21 X 98) = BE ‘AC 600 pam. = (39 118) + (21 HA) = 76 Peak solar heat gain ocets at 8:00 pam. on July 28 TABLE 17—SOLAR HEAT GAIN FACTORS FOR GLASS BLOCK Witt AND WITHOUT SHADING DEVICES* Apply Fectors to Table 15 MULTIPLYING FACTORS FOR GLASS BLOCK exposure ‘Abserpiion exrosuRE IN NORTH insoutl TATMUDES: UATITUDES: Factor Tine & How @ 26 30 Southeast 3° 21 30 East 35 h uo Northeast ‘Worth a a summer} 39 2 ‘Winter a5 2 Nonhorest 3° 21 Weel ar 24 Southwest “Fagor incade corecton for no ssh with gloss block windows Equations: "Glor neet gain without shoding devices (1) Be X Ie) Soler host goin with atdoor shading devices X la) x25 Inde sheng devices Ba x lel X90 = (xk {Use the summer Fecors for ll lattes, North or South. Use ‘vivo foto Tor intermediate tearons, 80° 10 50° Noth or Sout Tortus ". ixtantoneoustramamision fer from Table 17 Bu = Absorption tronuminion fcr from Tobe 17. BoE GSlarheor goin velve from Tole 15 fr the desired fme ond well focho: tg = Gear hoot gon vole from Toble 15 for 9 hours eater than Ivond some wall fcngCHAPTER 4. SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU GLASS 155 SHADING FROM REVEALS, OVERHANGS, FINS AND ADJACENT BUILDINGS All windows are shaded to a greater or lesser degree by the projections close to it and by build. ings around it. This shading reduces the solar hheat gain through these windows by keeping the direct rays of the sun off part or all of the window. ‘The shaded portion has only the diffuse com ponent striking it, Shading of windows is signifi cant in monumental type buildings where the reveal may be large, even at the time of peak solar hheat gain. Chart 1, this chapter, is presented to simplify the determination of the shading of wine dows by these projections. Basis of Chart 1 1ading from Reveals, Overhangs, Fins and Adjacent Buildings ‘The location of the sun is defined by the solar azimuth angle and the solar altitude angle as shown in Fig, £8. The solar azimuth angle is the angle in a horizontal plane between North and the vertical plane passing through the sun and the point on earth. The solar altitude angle is the angle in a vertical plane between the sun and a horizontal plane through a point on earth. The location of the sun with respect to the particular wall facing is de. fined by the wall solar azimuth angle and the solar altitude angle, The wall solar azimuth angle is the angle in the horizontal plane between the perpen- dicular to the wall and the vertical plane passing through the sun and the point on earth. ‘The shading of a window by a vertical projection alongside the window (see Fig. 19) is the tangent of the wall solar azimuth angle (B), times depth of the projection. The shading of a window by a hori zontal projection above the window 1s the tangent of angle (X), a resultant of the combined effects of the altitude angle (A) and the wall solar azimuth angle (B), times the depth of the projection. Tan A, solar altitude angle ‘Tan X = “G55 B, wall solar azimuth angle ‘The upper part of Chart 1 determines the tan- gent of the wall solar azimuth angle and the bottom part determines tan X, Use of Chart 1 — Shading from Reveols, Overhangs, Fins and Adjacent Buildings ‘The procedure to determine the top and side shadling from Chart J is, 1, Determine the solar azimuth and altitude an- gles from Table 18. tule Fic, 18 ~ Soar ANGLES Fic. 19 — Suapine By WaLt Prosrcrions Locate the solar azimuth angle on the scale in upper part of Chart 1 Proceed horizontally to the exposure desired. Drop verti ly to “Shading from Side” scale, Multiply the depth of the projection (plan view) by the “Shading from Side." Locate the solar altitude angle on the scale in lower part of Chart 1 Move horizontally until the “Shading trom Side” value (45 deg: lines) determined in Step 4 is intersected. Drop vertically to “S intersection, hading from Top" fi Multiply the depth of the projection (eleva- tion view) by the "Shading from Top.”Ss Fic, 20— SHADING oF BurLpine by Avjacent BUILDING. Example 7 — Shading of Building by Adjacent Building Given ‘Buildings located as shown in Fig, 20 Find! ‘Shading at 4 pam. July 28, of building tobe airconditioned Solution: 1 is recommended that he fuking plans and elevations Je sketched to setle with approximate location of the sun, to enable the enginecr to visualize the shading conditions. From Table 18, solar azimuth angle = 267 Solar altitude angh From Chart 1, shading from side shading from top, fate fee PART 1, LOAD ES’ IMATING ‘s o Tae aN area ee 7 a} Dydd aevanon Fig. 21 — SHADING OF REVEAL AND OVERHANG: ‘Length of building in shade, L 25-15 (1X75) = OBS HE Hight of building in shade, H = 100-~ (13 x.) =47-5 4 ‘The air conditioned building is shaded to a height of 47:5 fi and 62.5 tr along the face a 4:00 p.m. on July 23. Example 8 — Shading of Window by Reveals Given 4A steel casement window om the west side with an S:inch reveal Find: Shading by the reveal at 2 pam. on July 23, 40° North Latitude, Solution: From Table 18, solar salmuthangle = 242° solar altitude angle 37 From Chart 1, shading from side reveal = 6 X8= 48in, shading from top reveal = 18 X8= 144i, Example 9 — Sheding of Window by Overhang ‘ond Reveal Given "The same window ax in Example 8 with 2 2 ft overhang, 6 inches above the window. Find: Shading by reveal and overhang at 2 pm. on July 23, 40° North Latitude. Solution: Refer to Fig, 21 Shading from side reveal (ame as Example 8) Shacling from overhang = L8X @4+8) = 57.6 in Since the overhang is 6 inches above the window, the portion fof window shaded = 57.5 6.0 = 515 in SinCHAPTER 4. SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU GLASS Lor SOLAR AZIMUTH ANGLE CHART 1— SHADING FROM REVEALS, OVERHANGS, FINS AND ADJACENT BUILDINGS T ; 3 oe Given: seal /e es ‘Wet facing steel casement window with n inch 4 rove and 2 ft overtnng 6 Inches cbowe window aa Find: a 80300" Shading by reveal and overhang at 2 pm, July 23, 5 {0° Now Lae 3 FA solution: 8260 f A From Table 18, Ratmat angle = 242" HE pa Altitude angle = 5 00, i+ ty ‘From Chart J, 280 A — Te Enter at solar aximth angle (242") 0 west CM) exponure shading fom se = 08 Inc, ue i Taw | at 20240 | 2, Enter at solar altitude angle (51) to shad: : fom side (08 Inc ine Shaing fom Rew | 8 inch/inch, 2s20}f ace 4. Shading by veal = 05% 8= 48, Leta 4. 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