More suitable for countries that are culturally homogeneous
Possibly of uniform application of laws and policies to all parts of the state Requires a relatively simple organization Less wasteful because there is no conflict of authority between different levels of government
Disadvantages:
Not suitable for large or culturally heterogeneous countries
Policy-makers and administrators are physically and emotionally distant from locality Tends to overcrowd the national government agenda and personnel
Federal state
Advantages:
Capable of uniting different units - under an overarching political authority -
while giving them local autonomy Suitable for large territories that are culturally homogenous Lower Levels of government benefit from national assistance National Government can focus on national and international issues
Disadvantages:
Duplication of services and officeholders at the regional and federal level
Absence of uniform policy on issues that are common or national in nature Laws at the local level are difficult to change because laws are contained in rigid constitutions