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PRODUCTION IN 2003
SUNFLOWER MEAL
Sunflower meal is obtained from sunflower seed after oil extraction. Depending on the
extraction method, the meal may be expeller or solvent extracted. Solvent extracted
meal can be obtained from expeller processed meal by further extraction of oil. The
sunflower meal obtained from solvent extraction of expeller processed sunflower meal
appears lumpy and cake type and is the material, the livestock feed manufacturers are
familiar with. Sunflower meal obtained by solvent extraction of sunflower seed directly
by improved technology appears as flake type. Nutritionally, both the types of meals are
similar in nutritional characteristics and result in similar performance when included in
livestock diets. The sunflower meal, flake type and cake type, are presented in Fig 1.
The nutritional characteristics of sunflower meal and other protein ingredients are given
in Table 1 to 4 and Fig 2 and 3. Sunflower meal is low in lysine and better in methionine
than soybean meal. Methionine as % of essential amono acids is very high in sunflower
meal than in other protein sources (Table 2, 3; Fig 2). Digestibility coefficients of amino
acids particularly of methionine is high in sunflower meal than in other meals (Table 4,
Fig 3).
Sunflower meal is low in energy and protein because the commercial processing
methods do not dehull the seed for oil extraction. Sunflower meal is high in fibre.
Inclusion of fibre higher than 3-5% in poultry diets depresses the performance of
poultry. However, inclusion of sunflower at 48% in broiler starter diets and 43% in broiler
finisher diets and 40% in layer diets as sole source of protein did not lower the
performance. Higher inclusion levels limit the energy concentration of diets and as such,
sunflower meal at high levels cannot be included in high energy diets particularly for
broilers.
The performance of broilers and layers on diets containing sunflower meal at high level
in the diet is given in Table 5. These experiments were conducted at Acharya N G
Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad in NATP Project.
7
Lys Met TSAA Thr
0
Canola CSM PNM Saf SBM SFM
L
ys M
et T
S
A T
h
r
56
234
01
Table 3. Lysine, methionine and methionine+cystine as per cent of critical amino
acids (CEAA) in soya and other protein ingredients
Feed Name / CP TEAA Lys Met
Description % %CP %EAA %EAA
Canola seed 20.5 42.56 13.20 4.39
Canola Meal, mech. Extracted 37.8 42.56 13.20 4.39
Cotton Whole seeds with lint 23.5 44.51 9.77 3.84
Cotton seed Hulls 6.2 47.68 9.77 3.84
Cotton seed Meal, solvent, 41% CP 44.9 42.55 9.71 3.74
Peanut Meal, solvent 51.8 40.13 8.32 2.92
Safflower Meal, solvent 29.0 39.01 8.10 3.72
SB Hulls 13.9 39.43 15.90 2.94
SB Meal, expellers 45% CP 46.3 45.47 13.79 3.19
SB Meal, solvent, 44% CP 49.9 45.43 13.82 3.19
SB Meal, solvenet 48% CP 53.8 45.30 13.89 3.18
SB Seeds, whole 39.2 44.51 13.44 3.30
SB Seeds, whole roasted 43.0 41.98 14.24 3.33
SF Meal, solvent 28.4 41.61 8.56 5.50
SF seeds, whole 19.2 41.61 8.56 5.50