UNIVERSITY OF PUNE

Board of Study in Philosophy

Revised Syllabus for M.A. Philosophy Part II

(Annual Pattern) (External)

 M.A. PHILOSOPHY
PART II
Core Courses
PH 201 : Moral Philosophy
PH 202 : Social and Political Philosophy

Non-Core Courses : ANY TWO of the following

PH 203 : Philosophy of Bhagwatgt & Saints of Maharashtra
PH 204 : Vednta
PH 205 : Gandhian Philosophy and Philosophy of Ambedkar
PH 206 : Philosophy of Religion

Core Courses
PH 201 : Moral Philosophy
[Objectives: To acquaint the student with major trends of thought in Classical
Western Modern Philosophy and help them to understand them critically.
To acquaint the student with the normative framework of values as accepted in
ancient Indian traditions both heterodox and orthodox]

Section I
Moral Philosophy (Western)
Unit : I
Subject matter of ethics, normative ethics, applied ethics, meta-ethics and their
inter-relation

Unit : II
Concept of Eudemonia Ethics
Aristotle on virtue, excellence of character, virtue and happiness;
problem of weakness of the will.

Unit : III
Kant : Deontological Ethics
Kant on goodwill, duty, categorical imperative.

Unit : IV
Mill Utlitarianism
Principle of utility, problem of sanction and justification of morality, utility and Justice.

Section II
Moral Philosophy (Indian)
Unit : V
a) Indian Philosophies of Lif: Nature and significance.
 b) Preyas, reyas and Nireyas.
c) The concept of Pururtha : Kama-Artha-centric, Trivarga-centric and
Moka-centric.

Unit : VI
a) The conceptions of ta-a. The conceptions of Dharma: Vedic and
rmanic.
b) Kinds of Dharma according to Vedic tradition: Sdhraadharma and
Vieadharma (Varramadharma).
c) Jainism : Vratas, rvakcra and ramcra.
d) Buddhist : la.

Unit : VII
a) The doctrines of Karma and Rebirth; The conceptions of Bandha
(bondage) and Moka (liberation).
b) Analysis of suffering according to Sakhya and Buddhism.
c) Various conceptions of Moka: Nirva, Kaivalya, Brahmbhva,
Jivanmukti, Videhamukti.

Unit : VIII Ways of Good Life

a) Patanjali : Atanga-Yoga.
b) Jainism : Triratna.
c) Buddhism : rya-Atangika-Mrga.

Books for Study

1. Apostle, H.G., Aristotle: The Nichomanshien Ethics, D. Reidel Pub. Co. 1975.
2. Rortiy A.D. (ed.): Essays on Aristotle's Ethics, University of California Press
Urmson J.O. Aristotle's Ethics
3. Roger J. Sullivan: Immanuel Katfs Moral Philosophy: Cambridge University Press,
1989.
4. Paton H. J. - The Moral Law: Kant's Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals,
Hutchinson University Press.
5. Mill J.S.: Utilitarianism: Everyman's Library, London.
6. Williams Bernard and Smart, J.J.C (eds.) - Utilitarianism: For and Against
7. Prasad Rajendra, Karma, Causation and Retributive Morality, Conceptual
Essays in Ethics and Metaethics, ICPR, New Delhi, 1989.
8. Hiriyanna M. , The Quest After Perfection, Kavyalaya Publishers, Mysore,
1982.
9. Ranade, R.D. , Pathway to God-realisation.
10.Radhakrishnan, Hindu View of Life, George Allen and Unwin, Bombay,
1971.
11.Maitra, S. K., The Ethics of the Hindus, University of Calcutta, 1956.
 12.Bhelke S. E. and Gokhale P. P. (eds.), Indian Moral Philosophy: Problems,
Concepts and Perspectives, IPQ Publication, Pune , 2002.
13.Tiwari, Kedarnath, Classical Indian Ethical Thought, Motilal Banarsidass,
Delhi, 1998.
14.Barlingay, S. S., A Modern Introduction to Indian Ethics, Penman
Publications, Delhi, 1998.

Books for References

1) Kane, P.V., History of Dharmasastra, Vol. I and II, BORI, Pune, 1968.
2) Purusartha (anthology), Datta-Laxmi Trust, Pune, 1995.
3) Bhargava Dayananda, Jaina Ethics, Motilal Banarsidass, 1968.
4) Jaini, Padmanabha S., Jaina Path of Purification, Motilal Banarsidass,
Delhi,
5) Saddhatissa H., Buddhist Ethics, Allen and Unwin, 1970.
6) Nanamoli, Bhikkhu (Tr.) The Path of Purification ( Visuddhimagga) by
Bhadantacariya Buddhaghosa, Fourth Edition, Buddhist Publication

PH- 202 Social and Political Philosophy

[Objectives : 1) To acquaint students with theories of society, social life, political
philosophy and ideological debates. 2) To enable students to develop critical
attitude towards various socio-political doctrines and programmes]

Section I
Unit I
a) Concept of society, State and nation, Justification of state. Justification of
Nation and Nationalism.
b) Social contract theories : Hobbs, Locke, Rousseau.
Unit II
Controversy between individualism and holism. Relation between
individual and society. Statues of society in the light of Hegel, Marx and
Popper.
Unit III
a) Social order and Regulation : Western view and Indian view.
b) Dharma, Law and Morality
Unit IV
Concept of Justice : Plato, Aristotle, Rawls, Nozick

Section II
Unit V
a) Democracy, Socialism and Liberalism : Foundations and Justification.
b) Liberty, Equality and Fraternity : History and Relevance
Unit VI
Concept of right. Theory of Natural rights. Legal and moral rights.
Justification of rights.
Unit VII
Distinction between Obligation, Duty and Responsibility. Concept of
social and political obligation.
Unit VIII
Civil disobedience, Sarvodaya, Styagraha, Globalization

Books for Study

1) Feinberge J., Social philosophy, Prentice Hall Publications, 1973.
2) Gordan Graham, Contemporary Philosophy, Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1988.
3) Quinton Anthony, Political Philosophy, Oxford University Press, 1967.
4) McPherson Thomsas, Social Philosophy, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
5) Parkinson G.H.R. (ed.) An Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Routledge, 1988.
6) Lukes Steven, Essays in social Theory, MacMillan Press Ltd.
7) Thompson and Tunstall (ed.) Sociological Perspectives, Penguin Books,
1983.
8) Braybrooks David, Philosophical problems of Social Science, MacMillan
Co. Ltd., 1969.
9) Bose N.K., Selection from Gandhi, Navjivan, Ahmedabad, 1957.

PH 203 : Philosophy of Bhagawtgt and Saints of Maharashtra

[Objective : To introduce to the student the philosophical dimensions of

Bhagavadgit . To introduce some trends in Bhakti Philosophy in Maharashtra ]

Section I
Philosophy of Bhagawtgt
Unit I
a) Place and importance of Bhagavadgt
b)Bhagavadgt as Prastna : Historical and Philosophical Development

Unit II Ways of Life

a) Karmayoga :
i) Classification of Karma Karma, Akarma, Vikarma
ii) Nikamakarma
iii) Jnnottara Karma
b) Bhaktiyoga
i) Types of Bhakta Arta, Arthrthi, Jijsu and
ii) Nature of Bhakti
 iii) Relation between jnna and Karma
c) Jnnayoga
i) Distinction between Jna, Ajna and Vijna
ii) tmajna
d) Samanvaya of Karmayoga, Bhaktiyoga and Jnayoga, in Bhagavadgt

Unit III
Metaphysics of Bhagavadgt
a) Concept of Kara, Akara
b) Concept of Khetra-Khetrajna
c) Concept of Prakiti
d) Concept of Puruottama

Unit IV
Socio-Ethical aspects of Bhagavadgta
a) Varndharma, Swadharma
b) Nihkma Karma
c) Sthitapraja
d)Lokasamgraha

Section II
Saints of Maharashtra
Unit : V
a) Salient features of bhakti movement and it socio-cultural impact.
b) Cakradharas views regarding knowledge and pramaas.
c) Nature of and interrelation among vara,Jagat, Devat and Jva.
d) The nature of Moka and pathway to it. Acradharma.

Unit : VI
a) Jnnesvaras views regarding knowledge.
b) The roles of anubhava, abda, jnna and ajnna.
c) The nature of Reality (Vastu); Jagat and Jva and their interrelation.
d) The role of Jnna, Karma and Bhakti with regard to liberation.

Unit : VII
a) Tukrm : approach to Vedic and Upanisadic philosophy.
b) His concept of Santa, The nature of vara and Bhakti. Social Philosophy.
c) Bahenabai : concept of non-dualism and My, Brahmana
d) Dnyna, Bhakti, Karma; Loyalty to ones husband (Ptivratya) in
conventional and spiritual sense

Unit : VIII
a) Ramdasa : Jnna, Ajnna, Viveka
 b) Nature of Brahman, vara,Jagat, My, Ninefold bhakti and fourfold
mukti, social philosophy (Prapanca and Paramrtha, Prarabdha, Prayatna
and Pururtha)
c) Ekanatha : Critique of caste system and religious dogmatism.
d) Bhagawat Dharma.

Books for Study

1) ankarbhasya of Bhagavadgt
2) Tilak B. G. rimadgitarahasya Athava Karmayogaasra, J. S. Tilak, Pune,
1973 (10th ed.)
3) Radhakrishnan S., The Bhagavatgita, Blackle & Sons Pvt. Ltd., Bambay,
1983 (8th ed.)
4) More S.S. Gta as Theory of action, Satguru Publication, New Delhi
5) Arvindo, Essays on Bhagavadgta
6) Dandekar S. B.(ed.), Sartha Amrtanubhava ani Cangadevapasasti, Varkari
shikshan Sanstha, Alandi, 1978.
7) Sartha Jnaesvari, (Relevant sections only)
8) Tukarama Maharajanca Gatha (Relevant sections only)
9) Ramdas, Dasabodha, Manace Sloka, Atmarama (Relevant chapters only)
Books for Reference
1. Nene, H. N., Cakradharokta Sutrapatha, Nagpur, 1942
2. Kolte, V.V., Mahanubhava Tattvajnana, Arun Prakashan, Malkapur, 1956.
3. Bahirat, B.P., Philosophy of Jnanadeva, Popular Prakashan, Mumbai]
1993.
4. More, Sadanand, Trayodasi, Naveen Udyog, Pune, 1995.
5. More, Sadanand, Tukaramadarsana, Gaj Prakashan, Ahmednagar
6. Chitre D. P., Nector of Experience, Sahitya Academy, Delhi, 1996.
7. Gokhale, P. P. Jnanadevance Anubhavamrtatila Tattvajnana, Amod
Granthaseva, Sangamner, 1985.
8. Ranade, R. D., Tukaramavacanamrti
9. Bhave Vinoba, Santanca Prasada
10.Special Numbers of Paramarsha, University of Pune, on 1)Tattvacintaka
Jnanesvara (Vol. 13 No. 1, May 1991), 2) Santance Tattvajnana (1)
(Vol.16 No.1, May,1994), 3) Vol.18, No. 4 (February,1997) 4)
Mahanubhava philosophy Vol.26, Nos.2-3 (August 2004-Jan. 2005)

PH 204 : Vednta

[Objective: To introduce the basic issues discussed in the Pre-ankara, ankara

Vednta, Ramnuja, Vallabha, Madhva and Nimbrka as the exponents of
Vednta Philosophy]
Section I
Unit I
a. Prasthnatrayi
b. Gaudapda : Unity of Knower as Viva, Taijasa and Prja
c. Ajtivada
d. Asharayoga

Unit II
a) ankars Adhysabhsya :
b) Refutation of different theories of error

Unit III
ankaras concept of Brahma, Jagat, Jva & My

Unit IV
a) The concept of Moka : The significance of Jnayoga as stated in
Bhagavadgitbhya.
B) ankaras concept of God

Section II
Unit V : Ramanuja
a) Criticism of Myvda of Samkara, nature of Brahman, Jva; Cit, Acit
and vara and their inter-relation.
b) Criticism of Nirvikalpajna. Satkhytivda..
c) Concepts of Moka and Bhakti. Synthesis of Jna, Karma and Bhakti.
Unit VI : Vallabha
a) Concepts of Brahman, Jva, Jagat and their inter-relation.
b) Nature & kinds of Prama as & Prameyas. Anyathkhyti.
c) The concepts of Moka, Bhakti, Mukti, Puti and vara and their
relationships.
Unit VII: Madhva
a) Criticism of Advaita. Concept and kinds of Bheda.
b) Concepts of vara, Jva, Jagat and their inter-relationship
c) Concepts of Svatantra, Asvatantra, Bhakti and Moka.
Unit VIII: Nimbarka
a) Nature of Brahman, Jva, Cit and Acit. The doctrine of Bhedbheda.
b) Concept and five means to attain Moka. Nature and kinds of Prapatti
c) Doctrine of Bhakti.

Books for Study

1. Bhattacharya, Vidhuekhar (ed., tr., note.), Agamastra of Gaudapda,
University of Calcutta, Calcutta, 1943.
2. Thibute, George (tr.), Brahma Sutra with Commentary of ankaracharya,
vols. I & II, Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan, Delhi, 2004.
 3. Abhyankar, K. V. (tr.), Brahma Sutra ankara Bhasya (I- IV), Deccan
Education Society, Poona, 1911 1957.
4. Bhanu, C.G. (tr.), Catussutri, Yashvant Prakashan, Pune,1912.
5. Dvivedi V.P. (ed.), Vedanta-Parijata Saurabha , C.S.S. No.152,
Banaras,1910.
6. Ghate P V.S., The Vedanta, A Study of the Brahmasutras with the Bhasya
of Sankaracharya, Ramanuja, Deccan College, Pune, 1981.
7. Abhyankarshatri V., Sribhasya of Ramanuja, Bombay Sanskrit and Prakrut
Series No. LXX 11, Bombay, 1916.
8. Agarwal M.M.(ed.), Brahma Sutra Nimbarkabhasyam, Vol I-III,
Vrajajivana-Prachya Bharati Granthamala- 94, Chaukhamba Sanskrit
Pratisthan, Delhi, 2000.
9. Aiyangar M.B. Vardaraja, The Vedantasutras with the Sribhasya of
Ramanuja Murshiram Manoharlal Publisher Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 1988.
10.Comas Michael, A study of Advaita & Visistadvita, Sri Satguru
Publications, Delhi, 1988.
11.Kavishwar D.D. (tr.), Sribhagavan-Nimbarka-Viracitah Vedantaparijata-
Saurabha, Tilak Maharastra Vidyapeeth Publications, Pune, 1965.

Books for References

1. Mahadevan, T. M. P., The Philosophy of Adviat, Ganesh and Co, Madras,
1969.18
2. Sharma, C.D., Advaita Tradition in Indian Philosophy, Motilal
Banarasidass, Delhi, 1996.
3. Agarwal M.N., The Philosophy of Nimbarka, Bhargava Book House, Agra,
1977.
4. Buiteren J.A.B., Ramanujas Vedantasangraha, Deccan College,
Monography-16, Pune, 1962.
5. Avadhani R.B., Sriman Madavacharaya va tyanche Tattvajnana
Dvaitasiddhanta Office, Pune, 1871.
6. Barz Richard, The Bhakti Sect in Vallabhacharaya, Thomson Press
Limited, India, 1976.
7. Chari S.M. Srinivas, Advaita and Visistadvita, Motilal Banarasidass, Delhi,
1976.
8. Raghvan V.L.S.N., History of Visistadvita Literature, Ajanta Publication,
Delhi, 1979.
9. Shah J.G., Sri Vallhabhacharya: His philosophy and Religion,
Pushtimargiya, Pustakalaya, Nadiad, 1979.
10.Shanbhag D.N., Some Problems in Dvaita Philosophy in their Dialectical
Setting, Bharat Book Depot. and Prakashan, Dharwad, 1982.
11.Shanbhag D.N., Sri Madhvacharaya and his Cardinal Doctrines, Bharat
Book Depot & Prakashan, Dharwad, 1990.
 12.Sharma B.N.K., History of Dvaita School of Vedanta & its Literature,
Motilal Banarasidass, Delhi, 1960.
13.Sharma B.N.K., Philosophy of Sri Madhvacharaya, Motilal Banarasidass,
Delhi, 1986.
14.Sinha J., The Philosophy of Nimbarka, Sinha Publishing House, Calcutta,
1973.

PH 205: Gandhian Philosophy and Philosophy of Ambedkar

[Objective : acquaint the student with major aspects of Gandhian thoughts. To

acquaint the student with social and religious philosophy of Dr. B. R. Ambdekar.]

Section I
Gandhian Philosophy
Unit I
Religious and Ethical thoughts
a) Truth and God; Relation between Truth and Non Violence
b) Equality of all religions (Sarva-Dharma-sama-bhva)
c) Ansaktiyoga

Unit II
Social Thoughts
a) Doctrine of Santanadharma; Varnsramadharma;
b) Approach to Varna, Jti and untouchability;
c) The status and role of women
d) Conception of ideal society (Ramarjya)
e) Doctrine of Sarvodaya
f) Critique of modern civilization

Unit III
Political Thought
a) The doctrine of Satygraha: scope and application
b) Limits and significance of Satygraha
c) Civil Disobedience
d) Doctrine of Swaraj (self-rule)

Unit IV
(A) Economic and Educational thought:
a) The doctrine of Bread labour
b) Trusteeship
c) The doctrine of Swadeshi (self-reliance)
d) Gandhis views on education
 Section II
Philosophy of Ambedkar

Unit V
(a) Ambedkar's analysis of caste system. The ways of abolishing caste.
(b) Concept of Ideal Society.The notion of ideal social order in the context of
Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.
Unit VI
(a) Philosophy of religion; The idea of ideal religion; Religion, Dhamma and
Morality.
(b) Critique of Hinduism.
(c) Ambedkar's understanding of Buddhism- interpretation of four noble truth,
ahimsa, role of Bhikkhu in the society
Unit VII
(a) Concept of Democracy.
(b) Concept of social justice.
(c) Philosophical background of constitution of India.
Unit VIII
(a) Gandhi Ambedkar controversy on i.) Varna and Jati. ii.) Special
constituencies for reserve categories.
(b) Karl Marx and Ambedkar.

Books for Study

1. Gandhi, M.K., Hind Swaraj, Navjivan, Ahmedabad, 1938.
2. Gandhi, M.K., Satyagraha in South Africa, Navjivan, Ahmedabad, 1928.
3. Gandhi, M.K., In Search of the Supreme (Vol. III), Navjivan, Ahmedabad,
1940.
4. Gandhi, M.K., Sarvodaya, Navjivan, Ahmedabad, 1957.
5. Bose, N.K. (ed.), Selections from Gandhi, Navjivan, Ahmedabad, 1957.
6. Iyer, Raghavan (ed.), The Moral and Political writings of Mahatma
Gandhi (Vol. I, II, III), Clarendon Press, Oxford 1986.
7. Parekh, Bhikhu, Gandhis Political Philosophy: A Critical Examination,
University of Notre Dame Press, 1989.
8. Richards, Glyn, The Philosophy of Gandhi: A study of his Basic Ideas,
Conzen Press, 1982
9. Ambedkar , B.R., Annihilation of Caste, Bheem Patrika Publication,
Jullundur , 1975.
10. Ambedkar B.R. The Buddha and his Dhamma, Siddharth Prakashan,
Bombay 1974.
11.Ahir D.C., Dr. Ambedkar on Buddhism, Siddhharth Publication, Bombay
1982.
 12.Gokhale, Pradeep (Ed.) The Philosophy of Dr. B.R. Ambdekar, Sugava
Prakashan IPQ Publication, Pune 2008.
13.Jaffrelot, Christopher, Dr. Ambedkar and Untouchability : Analyzing and
Fighting caste, Permanent Black, Delhi, 2005.
14.Dr. Babasahed Ambedkar Writings and Speeches , Education Deptt. Govt.
Of Maharashtra Bombay, Vol. III, 1987.
15.Keer D.; Dr. Ambedkar-Life and Mission, Popular Prakashan,
Bombay,1962.

Books for References

1. Gosavi, D.K., Tilak, Gandhi and Gita, Bharatiya Vidhyabhavan, Bombay,
1983.
2. Kelekar & Prabhu, Gandhi and Tagore: Truth called them differently,
Navajivan, 1961.
3. Ambedkar, B.R., Annihilation of Caste, Bheem Patrika Publication,
Jullundur, 1975.
4. Raghuramraju, Debating Gandhi, Oxford university press, New Delhi,
2006.
5. Dr. Babasahed Ambedkar Writings and Speeches, Education Department,
Govt. of Maharashtra, Bombay 1979-92 (Relevant sections only.)
6. Jondhale, Surendra and Beltz, Johanes (ed.) : Reconstructing the world :
B.R. Ambedkar and Buddhism in India, Oxford University Press, New
Delhi, 2004.
7. Kasbe, Raosaheb, Ambedkar Ani Marx, Sugava Prakashan, Pune, 1985.
Omvedt, Gail: Buddhism in India: Challenging Brahmanism and Caste,
Sage Publications, New Delhi, 2003.
8. Pawar Daya, Meshram Keshav and Others (ed.) Dr. Babasahed Ambedkar
Gaurata Grantha, Maharashtra Rajya Sahitya Ani Samskriti Mandal,
Mumbai

PH 206 : Philosophy of Religion

[Objectives : To acquaint the students with various issues which arise regarding
the nature and structure of religion, religious beliefs and its postulates.]

Section I
Unit I
Nature and structure of religion as a social institution. Variety of religions and the
problem of their interrelation. Religion and the state.
Unit II
The concept of secularism. India as a secular state: problem and prospects.
Unit III
Nature and structure of morality as a social institution. Relation between morality
and religion. Possibility of morality without religion/independent of religion in
historical and contemporary perspective.
Unit IV
Nature and structure of religious belief. Grounds of conflict between religion and
science. Empiricist view of the nature of religious belief. The problem of
verification and justification of religious belief.

Section II
Unit V
Nature of religious reality : the concept of God. Ontological, Cosmological,
Teleological, Moral arguments to prove the existence of God. A critical study of
proofs for existence of God. (Western view)
Unit VI
Nature of religious reality : the concept of God : Nyaya, Advaita Darshana.
Arguments to prove the existence of God by Nyaya Darshana. A critical study of
proofs for existence of God by Charvaka and Jaina Darshana.
Unit VII
Nature, Structure and dynamics of religious experience. Mysticism. Pathway of
God. God and Self. Divine necessity and freedom of self. Growth of moral and
spiritual virtues in the self. Meaning of God-realization. The problem of evil and
grace.
Unit VIII
Religion as a form of life. Critical thinking on major issues by Vivekanand,
Jyotiba Phule, B.R. Ambedkar

Books for Study

1. Mitchell B., (ed.), The Philosophy of Religion, Oxford University Press,
1971.
2. Helm, Paul (ed.), Divine Commands and Morality, Oxford University
Press, 1981.
3. Hick John, Philosophy of Religion, Prentice-Hall, 1963.
4. McPherson, T., Philosophy and Religious Belief, Hutchinson, 1974.
5. Hook Sidney, Religious Experience and Truth, Oliver and Boyd, 1962.
6. Flew A., New Essays in Philosophical Theology, SCM, London, 1955.
7. Campbell C.A., On Selfhood and Godhood, Allen and Unwin, 1957.
8. Lewis H.D., Our Experience of God, Allen and Unwin, 1959.
9. Russell B., Why I am not a Christian, Simon and Schuster, 1957.
10.Togore R., The religion of Man, Unwin, 1970.
11.Shah A.B., Religion and Society in India, Somaiya 1981.
12.Smith D., India as a Secular State, Princeton, 1963.
13.Gandhi M.K., My Religion, Navjivan, 1960.
 14.Cahn S.M. and Shatz David ed., Contemporary Philosophy of Religion,
Oxford University Press. 1982.
15.Rolston Holmes III, Science and Religion A Critical Survey, Harcourt
Brace Custom Publishers.1997
16.Ambedkar B.R. The Buddha and his Dhamma, Siddharth Prakashan,
Bombay 1974.
17.Keer Dhananjay, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule, Popular Prakashan, Mumbai,
1968.
18.Selections from the Complete works of Swami Vivekananda, Advaita
Ashrama, Mayavati, Himalayas,1998.

Books for References

1) Paul Edwards, Encyclopaedia of Philosophy, Macmillan and Co, The Free
Press, New York, 1967.
2) James William, Varieties of Religious Experience : A Study in Human
Nature, Longmans Green, London 1928.
3) Hubert John Richards, The Philosophy of Religion, Heinemann Publication
1998.
4) Wainwright William ed., The Oxford handbook of Philosophy of Religion,
Oxford University Press, 2005.
5) Matilal, B. K., Logical and Ethical Issues in Religious Belief, Oxford
University Press, 1982.