WSTS 2013, San Jose

The Smart and Connected Vehicle

and the
Internet of Things
Flavio Bonomi
Cisco Fellow, Vice President

and Many Others

Advanced Architecture and Research

Cisco Systems
 An Introduction to the Internet of Things
The Future Infrastructure for the Internet of
Things
The Connected Vehicle and Intelligent
Transportation
Enabling Technologies
Conclusions

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 2
 An Introduction to the Internet of Things
The Future Infrastructure for the Internet of
Things
The Connected Vehicle and Intelligent
Transportation
Enabling Technologies
Conclusions

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 3
 People

Home Mobile

White Paper at: Things Data

http://www.cisco.com/web/about/
ac79/docs/innov/IoE_Economy.p
df
Business

A good way to go beyond the naming confusion:

(IoT, M2M, Cyber-Physical Systems, Intelligent Systems,
Industrial Internet, Connected Devices, etc., etc.)
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 4
The Evolution of IP Networks Trillion The Evolution of Mobile Networks
End Points

Billion From RFID to Billion

IP Device Smart Sensors to Mobile Voice,
Office & Home Machines to More Internet, SMS
Complex Objects
Million (e.g., a car) Million
PC / Voice
Laptop

One The
Common (Computing,
Evolution of Storage and Networking) Infrastructure:
The Ultimate Convergence
IP Networks
of
Enterprise, Service Provider, and Data Center
Technologies

The IoT Computer

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 5
Source: Cisco (maalam@cisco.com)
 Energy Saving (I2E)
Defense

Predictive maintenance

Industrial Automation
Intelligent Buildings
Enable New Knowledge

Enhance Safety &

Security
Transportation and
Connected Vehicles
Agriculture Healthcare

Smart Home

Smart Grid Smart City

2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6
 An Introduction to the Internet of Things
The Future Infrastructure for the Internet of
Things
The Connected Vehicle and Intelligent
Transportation
Enabling Technologies
Conclusions

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 7
Data Center Cloud Centralized
Intelligence: CLOUD
Application Hosting,
Computing
Management

Core IP/MPLS Core

IP/MPLS, QoS, Multicast,
Security, Network Services,
Mobile Packet Core

Multi-Service Dumb Network Field Area Network

Fabric
Edge
3G/4G/LTE/WiFi/
Ethernet/PLC

Embedded Systems Smart Things Network

and Sensors
smart and less smart The Swarm
things, vehicles, machines End-Point
Intelligence
Wired or Wireless
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 8
Data Center Cloud Centralized
Application Hosting, Intelligence: CLOUD
Management Computing

Core IP/MPLS Core

IP/MPLS, QoS, Multicast, Distributed
Di t ib t d
Security, Network Services, Intelligence:
Mobile Packet Core CLOUD/FOG
Computing

Multi-Service Field Area Network

Edge Distributed
3G/4G/LTE/WiFi/ Intelligence: FOG
Ethernet/PLC Computing

Embedded Systems Smart Things Network

and Sensors
smart and less smart The Swarm
things, vehicles, machines End-Point
Intelligence
Wired or Wireless

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 9
 Mine in-depth
Data Center Cloud Centralized
HealthCare Intelligence: CLOUD
Application Hosting,
Security Computing
Management
Surveillance
CoreEnvironmental IP/MPLS Core
studies
IP/MPLS, QoS, Multicast, Distributed
Di t ib t d
Security, Network Services, Intelligence: Analyze/act on the Fly
Mobile Packet Core CLOUD/FOG
Computing User experience
Network Performance
Intrusion Detection
Fraud Detection
Sensor Monitoring
Multi-Service
Store Field Area Network
Environmental monitoring
Surveillance
EdgeNetwork Management Distributed Contact Center
Logs
3G/4G/LTE/WiFi/ Intelligence: FOG
Security Logs
Ethernet/PLC Computing
Smart Cities Data

Traffic Information Ingest
Environmental data Network Data
Security on Data
Embedded Systems Smart Things Network
and Sensors Sensor networks
smart and less smart Smart grid
things, vehicles, machines End-Point Smart cities
Intelligence SCV & Transportation
Wired or Wireless

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 10
 Cloud-Based
Data Center Cloud Centralized
(Slowest) Control Intelligence: CLOUD
Application Hosting,
Computing
Management

Core IP/MPLS Core

IP/MPLS, QoS, Multicast, Distributed
Di t ib t d
Security, Network Services, Intelligence:
Mobile Packet Core CLOUD/FOG
Computing
Core-Based
Control

Multi-Service Field Area Network

Edge Distributed
3G/4G/LTE/WiFi/ Intelligence: FOG
Ethernet/PLC Computing

Fog-Based Control

Embedded Systems Smart Edge-Point,

Things Network
Swarm,
and Sensors Fastest Control
smart and less smart
things, vehicles, machines End-Point
Intelligence
Wired or Wireless

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 11
 From Cl
F Cloud
d Centralized
Data Center Cloudtowards Intelligence: CLOUD
Application Hosting,
Management Fog/Endpoints
Computing

Core Video/Content IP/MPLS Core

IP/MPLS, QoS,Software Updates
Multicast, Distributed
Di t ib t d
Control
Security, Network Policies
Services, Intelligence:
VMs/Context/Application
Mobile Packet Core CLOUD/FOG
s Computing

Multi-Service Field Area Network

Edge Distributed
3G/4G/LTE/WiFi/ Intelligence: FOG
Ethernet/PLC Computing

Peer-to-Peer
From Endpoints towards
(Fog, Endpoints) Fog/Cloud
Embedded Systems Smart Things Network
Content
and Sensors Status Measurements
smart and less smart Telematics
Mobile Data End-Point
things, vehicles, VMs/Context
machines Events
Intelligence Video Surveillance
Applications
Wired or Wireless
VMs/Context/Apps

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 12
Data Center/Cloud
Hosting IoT analytics
Network Management Applications
Core IP/MPLS Core
IP/MPLS, Security,
QoS, Multicast, Network
Services, Mobile Packet
Core

Multi-Service Field Area Network

Edge Distributed
3G/4G/LTE/WiFi/802.11p Intelligence: FOG
Wired Computing

Embedded Systems Smart Things Network

and Sensors
Low power & bandwidth,
smart things, vehicles,
machines
Millions
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 13
 An Introduction to the Internet of Things
The Future Infrastructure for the Internet of
Things
Intelligent Transportation and the Connected
Vehicle
Enabling Technologies
Conclusions

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 14
 Intelligent Transportation

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 15
 Public Cloud Private (OEM) Cloud Enterprise Cloud
Services

Subscription-based Data Center/Virtual Enterprise Video, Voice,

Services Servers Data

VNO
Operation

Policy Enforcement, Flow-based Energy Service

Management, DPI Providers
(SmartSP
Mobile Grid)
Mobile1 SP 1

Communications
Mobile Service
SP 1 SP
Mobile 1
Infrastructure

Providers, Fog

Mobile WiFi Offload DSRC Roadside Consumer Network Electrical Charging Network
Wi-Fi Hotspots, Infrastructure Home/Dealership Wi-Fi Charging Stations,
802.11u, 3G/4G 802.11p (V2I) Hotspots, Femtocells Other Services (802.11p ?)

V2I/Upstream Communication (Wi-Fi, 3G/4G, 802.11p, etc.)

End Points

Software

V2V Communication (802.11p)

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 16
 Home
Low Speed Network
LIN, Lo-speed CAN
X-by-Wire/
Safety Network Flexray
Enterprise Wireless
Web car-to-X networkRoadside
OEM Grid
DSRC 802.11p, WiFi,
WiMAX, Multiple 3G/LTE
Entertainment network
MOST, internal WiFi

Wireless
in-car network, Smart Phone
Bluetooth, Low
Power WiFi, RFID
IOS
Collision Radar

High-speed
network
Hi-speed CAN

Audio/ Video Telematics

Electronic Control Unit (ECU) Diagnostics
Central GatewayADASWheel-Sensor .

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 17
 Multiple buses
Automotive specific
Vehicle Control Low speed
SW/GW Multiple separate ECUs
Difficult to communicate with
CAN
Flex Ray MOST CAN

Main Engine Chassis Assistance Infotainment Main Body

Controller Module Coordinator Controller Controller

Reversing Body
Transmission DSC HMI Satellite
Camera Satellite 1.2

Chassis Park Assistant Body

Energy Telephone
Satellite 2 Camera Satellite 2
Flex Ray

MOST
MOST

Chassis Infotainment Body

CAN

Satellite 3.3 Satellite 1 Satellite 3

Body

LIN
Satellite 4

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 18
 Instrument Cluster WiFi/Cell/DSRC

Tethered
Smartphone
BT GPS Sat
CAN

Central Gateway
Powertrain
CAN Bridge

Chassis/Safety Video Cam

CAN

LIN

CAN

Body/Control
CAN

OBD DLC Connector

All ECUs networked directly or indirectly via gateways / DLC Connector

Unsecure access into in-vehicle network via DLC
Network security implemented in IVI Headunit

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 19
 Instrument Cluster Rear View Mirror Telemetry Module
WiFi//BT/Cell/GPS/
Tethered Smartphone /
DSRC
Owner connectivity

Powertrain GPS Sat

Ethernet
Body Control
SCV Gateway USB/ WiFi/ BT

Ethernet IVI /
Chassis/ Headunit
Safety
Ethernet

CAN
Powertrain Front Rear
Video Cams Video Cams

Body Control OBD DLC Connector

Ethernet Body Control

Chassis/
Safety
Ethernet-based Central Vehicle Gateway
Mini-switches/hubs aggregate ECUs/Sensors depending on location within vehicle
Potential reduction in wiring harness density and bus splices
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 20
 Instrument Cluster Rear View Mirror Telemetry Module
WiFi//BT/Cell/GPS/
Tethered Smartphone /
DSRC
Owner connectivity

Powertrain GPS Sat

Ethernet
Body Control
SCV Gateway and Central USB/ WiFi/ BT
ECU
Ethernet IVI /
Chassis/ Headunit
Safety
Ethernet

CAN
Powertrain Front Rear
Video Cams Video Cams

Body Control OBD DLC Connector

Ethernet Body Control

Chassis/
Safety
Ethernet-based Central Vehicle Gateway
Mini-switches/hubs aggregate ECUs/Sensors depending on location within vehicle
Potential reduction in wiring harness density and bus splices
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 21
 Instrument Cluster Rear View Mirror Telemetry Module
WiFi//BT/Cell/GPS/
Tethered Smartphone /
DSRC
Owner connectivity

Powertrain GPS Sat

SCV Gateway and Central

Deteraministic SCV Gateway and Central
Data Center
Body Control Ethernet
Data Center
USB/ WiFi/ BT

Deterministic IVI /
Chassis/ Ethernet Headunit
Safety Detaerministic
Ethernet

CAN
Powertrain Front Rear
Video Cams Video Cams

Body Control OBD DLC Connector

Body Control

Chassis/
Safety

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 22
 An Introduction to the Internet of Things
The Future Infrastructure for the Internet of
Things
The Connected Vehicle and Intelligent
Transportation
Enabling Technologies
Conclusions

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 23
 Security
Fog computing
Seamless, optimized connectivity, mobility, LISP
Ad hoc networking for mobility
Deterministic networking (wired and wireless)
.....

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 24
 Security
Fog computing
Seamless, optimized connectivity, mobility, LISP
Ad hoc networking for mobility
Deterministic networking (wired and wireless)
.....

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 25
 Highly secure communication from
car to wider network
Encryption
Identity
Management Wide range of VPN technologies
Operation

Private Cloud Secure tunnels to OEM, partners,

3rd Party App third party applications providers
Provider Partner Cloud
Smart Center Smart Center Comprehensive secure In-vehicle
VPN Aggregation protection
Strong firewall
VPN Tunnels
Intrusion Prevention
V2I/Road-side
Anti-virus/malware protection
V2V
Infrastructure

On-demand secure connectivity

vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-
infrastructure
802.11p 802.11p Easy to deploy and manage
Firewall Centralized identity & policy
Vehicle

management
Authentication, authorization,
accounting

2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 26
 Security
Fog computing
Seamless, optimized connectivity, mobility, LISP
Ad hoc networking for mobility
Deterministic networking (wired and wireless)
.....

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 27
 Maybe just another funny name for Edge of the Network
Computing ..

Systematic, highly virtualized, secure, and

network-integrated computing and storage
located between End-points and Clouds,
supporting many of the same
techniques/approaches applied to Cloud
Computing:
Virtualization, multi-tenancy, IaaS, PaaS, SaaS,
automation, .

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 28
 Video
Servers

IP Network

Wireless
Edge Device Fog
Mobile
Server
Clients

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 29
 Roadside multi-purpose equipment based on
convergence of routing, computing and wireless
technologies
Distributed, multi-tenancy computing model

Supporting multiple wireless technologies

Located with other traffic control equipment

Purpose - Managed Service

Regulate traffic (Traffic Router cars, IP
packets, same)
Collect tolls taxes (per transaction fee
collection)
E-Commerce support
Content delivery
Traffic sensor management (e.g., Sensys)
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 30
 Security
Fog computing
Seamless, optimized connectivity, mobility, LISP
Ad hoc networking for mobility
Deterministic networking (wired and wireless)
.....

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 31
 Multiple Wireless WAN interfaces
3G/4G(LTE), WiFi
Highly Scalable Secure Mobility
Operation

Public/Private Cloud
Industry leading architectures:
LISP, PFR
Home Agent
Mobile IPv6, NEtwork MObility
(NEMO)

Single-IP reachability
Carrier Network Public Network Home Network
Infrastructure

Seamless User Experience

Wireless SP Dealers /
Antenna Parking / SA,PA
In-Home
Non-stop 99.99% reliable
Cellular 3G/4G / Energy Station
Wi-Fi: HotSpot 2.0 Devices connection management
Wi-Fi: HotSpot
2.0
Application-aware, flow-based
connectivity
Seamless Handover: 3G -> wifi
Vehicle

3G/4G Session persistency

Optimized Communications
2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Over 3G/4G, WiFi, Cisco Confidential 32
 LISP (Location Identity Separation Protocol with IP-in-IP)
was originally designed as a scalable routing architecture for the
Internet
It turns out that LISP offers native
support for:
Mobility with route optimization,
Multi-homing,
Dual Stack (IPv4, IPv6)
Network Mobility

Clear separation between control and data plane is well

suited for over-the-top deployments
Enabling an ecosystem of LISP Service providers to deploy global mobility
applications such as the Connected Vehicle

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 33
 LISPmob.org

Map Map
Server Resolver

LISP Mapping Service Providers

Data LISP
Center Data
Path LISP Unaware Infrastructure
Services

Im
3G Im
@ WiFi
@ 3G

WiFi

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 34
 LISP Mapping
Data Center System
(Cloud) +
L3 Fabric Fog Controller
Move App
App App to Fog
OS OS

IP Network

Fog

Update
GeoLocation

Data Path
Control Path
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 35
 LISP Mapping
Data Center System
(Cloud) +
L3 Fabric Fog Controller
VideoApp
Access Policy:
Go to Use vWAAS
Viideo
App App
vWAAS first, Service on
Fog
OS OS
then VideoApp
IP Network

VideoApp
Fog
Location?

VideoApp
Location?
vWAAS

Data Path
Control Path
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 36
 Security
Fog computing
Seamless, optimized connectivity, mobility, LISP
Ad hoc networking for mobility
Deterministic networking (wired and wireless)
.....

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 37
 Enabling more natural ways of collaborating and
socializing
Communications for highly mobile exchanges
Critical for a large set of real life applications
Fundamental for transportation
Enabling collaboration when not core connectivity is
available
Exploiting opportunities to communicate (Delay
Tolerance)
Tolerating high loss situations (Disruption Tolerance)

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 38
 Key technology to provide non-line-of-sight communication in next
generation advanced driver assist systems

DSRC is the global industry standard for latency critical V2V/ V2I
communication
eCall + DSRC are key triggers for broader CV deployment
Cisco is investing in DSRC Communications
Joint Projects with Cohda Wireless
Working with University of Porto on Taxi Deployment

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 39
 Need to Support Multiple Modes

End-to-end

Proxy-ed

Multi-Hop

Delay Tolerant

Disruption Tolerant

Working with:

U. Porto and Veniam

ITTC/UPC Barcelona

UCLA

WiFi Rail/McLaren

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 40
 Take Advantage of Node Mobility: e.g., Store-Carry-and-Forward
(DTN)
Store a message, carry it until an appropriate communication opportunity
arises, forward it to a new node
1
12 13 D

S
14

2 16
11 15
3
7 Work and Cisco Collaboration with
UCLA (Prof. Mario Gerla, Kevin
8 Lee, Giovanni Pau)
5 10 VANET Research, Hybrid Routing
4 Models with Navigation Assistance
Work and Cisco Collaboration with
9 USC (Prof. Costas Psounis)
6
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 41

41
 UAVs
Manned Aircraft
Video Cameras

SATCOM

Mobile Devices

The Internet

Biometric Scanners Radio Over IP

Unmanned Ground
Robots Sensor Network
Gateways

Copyright 2011 Persistent Systems, LLC Proprietary All Rights Reserved

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 42
 Disaster Response Network
Large WRoIP Network with nodes in:
o NYC & at FDNY Fire Department Operation Center in Brooklyn
o State of Connecticut Governors Office and Emergency Operations Center
Multiple mobile vehicle nodes with 4G Backhaul
o Boston at USCG Stations and Logan International Airport
Backhaul via 4G

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 43
 Security
Fog computing
Seamless, optimized connectivity, mobility, LISP
Ad hoc networking for mobility
Deterministic networking (wired and wireless)
.....

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 44
 Required in Industrial Automation,
System Control, Automotive, Smart
Grid, Robotics, Building Automation,
etc.
Key Elements: (Both wired and
wireless)
Network Ingress shaping
Network synchronization
Timely transmission
Centralized scheduling
(NP-complete optimization problem)
Wired: Time Triggered Ethernet
Wireless: Over 802.15.4 for low power
low rate (4Hz), over WIFI (802.11ac) for
higher rate (100Hz)

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 45
 Future
Relevant Innovations to Standard Networks
Safety-Critical

TIME-SYNCHRONIZED
Closed-Loop 10 Gb/s, Low Jitter, Precise Scheduling,
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

Control, Wired Loss-less Convergence,

Multi-path switching

Motion
REAL TIME
Wireless Gb/s, IEEE 1588 PTP, 802.11n,
Low-latency, CleanAir,
Very Fast Convergence (ms)
Input/Output

MANAGED
10/100Mbs, 802.11 a/b/g, QoS,
RSTP Fast Convergence (s), IGMP,
Information Full-Duplex, Wirelss Mesh

UNMANAGED
10Mb/s, Half-Duplex,
slow convergence

DETERMINISM

Non-Deterministic More Deterministic Very Deterministic Strictly Deterministic

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 46
 TTEthernet
40 msec 40 msec 40 msec

TT1 TT2 RC RC BE TT1 BE RC TT2 BE TT1 RC BE RC TT2 TT1 BE BE RC RC TT1

30 msec 30 msec 30 msec 30 msec TIME

Longest Communication Cycle in this Example: LCM(30,40) = 120msec

Source: TTTech
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 47
 Value Prop
IPv6 for mission-critical Applications
Industrial, Avionics, Telematics, spatial C&C
Cisco business in wired and wireless backbone
Converged Campus / Enterprise (adding IoE)

Objectives
IETF standards
Trigger open source implementation
Build Ecosystem

Status: IETF WG creation starting

people initially

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 48
 Plant Control Network
Enterprise

Deterministic
Wi-Fi or
Ethernet
(RPL Domain or
IPv6 ND)
6TSCH

6TSCH

- Wi-Fi Border Router

- WiFi/6LoWPAN RPL - WiFi Host

Backbone Router
- 6LoWPAN Host
Plant Firewall
- WiHart Backbone - WiHart Host
Wireless Lan Router
Controller - ISA100 Host
Integrated Plant Security - ISA100 Backbone
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 49
& Identity services Router
 An Introduction to the Internet of Things
The Future Infrastructure and the Huge Role for
Wireless Communications!!
Enabling Technologies and Relevant Case
Studies
Conclusions

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 50
 A time of exciting developments in Networking and beyond
We need strong Research Collaborations: WE NEED YOU!!!
Profound impact at human, social, and environmental levels
Virtuous cycle between new applications, services, and innovative
platforms

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 51
 More Traditional Industry-University
Focused Research Initiatives
Multi-Way Research Partnerships are Key
Networking Industry-Car OEMs-Universities
Networking Industry-Silicon Providers-Service Providers
Content Providers-OEMs
University-Industry (e.g., GSRC, Clean Slate, RadLab)
Government Involvement
NSF GENI
DOT - DOE
Leveraging of Defense Technologies

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Attorney-Client Privileged Cisco Confidential 52
Thank you.