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Oracle - Overview of IT Strategies From Oracle - 2016 PDF
Oracle - Overview of IT Strategies From Oracle - 2016 PDF
An Overview
Release 3.0
E18336-03
September 2010
ITSO Overview, Release 3.0
E18336-03
Contributing Author: Cliff Booth, Dave Pearson, Dave Chappelle, Jeff McDaniels, Mark Wilkins, Steve
Bennett
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Contents
1 Introduction
iii
4 Enterprise Solution Design
4.1 Industry Reference Architectures ............................................................................................. 4-1
4.2 Industry Solutions....................................................................................................................... 4-2
4.3 Technology Patterns ................................................................................................................... 4-2
4.4 Enterprise Software Framework............................................................................................... 4-2
6 Summary
A Further Reading
iv
v
List of Figures
11 IT Strategies from Oracle ........................................................................................................... 1-1
21 Oracle Reference Architecture .................................................................................................. 2-1
31 Maturity Model Domains .......................................................................................................... 3-3
vi
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vii
viii
Preface
For many years, Oracle has provided industry-leading documentation for product
functionality. With the IT Strategies from Oracle (ITSO) series, Oracle is augmenting
this documentation with guidance on how to deliver business solutions using
information technology. This document provides an overview of the ITSO materials.
Audience
The primary audience for the IT Strategies from Oracle series of documents is
Enterprise Architects and Solution Architects chartered with the technical evaluation
and implementation of business solutions based on information technologies within
their organization. The material may also be of interest to the larger IT solutions
community including designers, developers, business owners, etc.
Document Structure
This document is organized in sections that describe the contents and structure of the
ITSO materials. Specifically,
Chapter 1 provides a description of ITSO and the types of materials under the
ITSO banner.
Chapter 2 provides a description of the Oracle Reference Architecture.
Chapter 3 describes the Enterprise Technology Strategies.
Chapter 4 describes the Enterprise Solution Designs.
Chapter 5 provides guidance on how the ITSO material is intended to be used.
Chapter 6 is a brief summary of the document.
Chapter A provides a list of additional resources that the reader may find
informative and beneficial.
ix
Conventions
The following typeface conventions are used in this document:
Convention Meaning
boldface text Boldface type in text indicates a term defined in the text, the ORA
Master Glossary, or in both locations.
italic text Italics type in text indicates the name of a document or external
reference.
underline text Underline text indicates a hypertext link.
x
1
1IT Strategies from Oracle
The cornerstone of ITSO is the Oracle Reference Architecture (ORA). ORA covers the
broad spectrum of technologies required to realize the next generation enterprise IT
infrastructure.
The purpose of ORA is to provide a reference architecture for designing, building, and
integrating solutions based on modern technology from Oracle and other vendors. The
reference architecture offers architecture principles and guidance based on
recommendations from Oracle product development architects and field experts.
Information provided by ORA gives architects an understanding of how to design
solutions for the Oracle environment and best leverage its capabilities.
The obvious challenge in creating a reference architecture across a wide spectrum of
technology is that technologies must be able to co-exist and complement each other;
however there is too much material to coalesce into a single architecture document.
Additionally, one can't assume which technologies an IT environment will adopt. An
architecture shouldn't require every technology, and technologies shouldn't be
presented as being unnecessarily dependent on one another.
ORA addresses this challenge by presenting a single, unified reference architecture,
that is designed to be modular and extensible. The core ORA documents describe
fundamental concepts such as application infrastructure, integration, security, user
interaction, monitoring and management, engineering (or development) etc., which
are common to practically all industries and technology strategies.
ORA promotes consistency, interoperability, and best practices through the definition
of architecture layers, principles, guidelines, patterns, standards, and technologies.
2.1.1.7 Interaction
The Interaction layer provides the presentation capabilities necessary for users to have
a rich, user-friendly interaction with the solution. This layer also provides the
capabilities to enable users to collaborate across the enterprise. The users can be
individuals either within the enterprise (e.g. employees, contractors) or they may be
external users (e.g. customers, partners). This layer also provides the capabilities
necessary for business-to-business (B2B) interactions.
2.2 Perspectives
The core ORA material is extended via architecture perspectives. There are two types
of perspectives: Technology and Industry.
2.3.2 Views
Architectures are often presented using a number of views, each of which presents
information to satisfy a different set of stakeholder concerns (viewpoint). A common
approach to application architecture is the 4+1 view model. It includes logical,
development, process, and physical views as well as scenarios that illustrate key
interactions.
ORA presents multiple views as appropriate for a reference architecture, including
conceptual, logical, product mapping, and deployment views. Scenarios may be
presented in the form of architecture patterns. Common ORA views include:
Conceptual View - An executive level view that describes the architecture as a set
of layers and capabilities. This view describes what the architecture will provide in
common business terms.
Logical View - A technical representation depicting logical components that
provide the capabilities of the conceptual view. It includes component
relationships as well as applicable technologies and standards.
Product Mapping View - This view illustrates how Oracle products can be
positioned within the architecture to fulfill capabilities of various logical
components.
Physical and Deployment Views - These views help illustrate how products might
be deployed into a common IT environment.
2.3.3 Principles
A principle is an unequivocal statement defining the reference architecture. It is a rule
that must be followed in order to remain in compliance. If unique circumstances
warrant a variance to a principle, the variance should be considered by an Architecture
Review Board after considering the circumstances and possible negative effects such a
variance might pose. Some example principles include:
Standards Based - following open standards where applicable increases
interoperability while reducing risks associated with proprietary technology.
Loose Coupling - loose coupling between components provides greater flexibility
and agility by allowing individual components to be modified or replaced without
impacting other components in the solution.
2.3.4 Guidelines
Guidelines are non-binding suggestions or recommendations. Guidelines describe an
approach with demonstrated success, but there are other approaches that could also be
followed which would likely yield similar results. Thus, a guideline should be
followed unless another equally viable approach is being followed.
In order to present the reference architecture in the most effective manner, each new
technology strategy adds a perspective to ORA. This enables the reference architecture
to evolve holistically. New computing strategies extend the core material, providing
further insight and detail as needed.
A perspective extends the ORA core collateral by providing views, principles,
patterns, and guidelines that are significant to that technology domain yet cohesive
with the overall ORA. The perspective includes:
A foundation document describing the terms, concepts, standards, principles, etc.
that are important to the ETS.
An infrastructure document that defines a reference architecture built using the
technologies pertinent to the ETS.
3.3.1 Domains
The capabilities are organized (categorized) into eight domains. The domains are
illustrated in Figure 3:
Although the Maturity Model for each ETS will have distinct capabilities, the domains
shown above remain the same for all ETSs. This allows maturity models for ETSs to
be combined to create a composite measurement for an organization that is adopting
more than one ETS concurrently.
Enterprise Solution Designs (ESD) are based on the Oracle Reference Architecture.
They adhere to its architectural principles and also draw on the best practices and
guidelines provided in ETS collateral. ESD materials address how technology, and
specifically Oracle technology, can best meet the changing business needs and
priorities of a modern enterprise.
There are four types of ESD material:
Industry Reference Architectures
Industry Solutions
Technology Patterns
Enterprise Software Framework
identify duplication and/or gaps in software portfolios. It also plays an important role
in the definition of industry solutions and technology patterns by ensuring that
architectural principles are adhered to and that relevant software capabilities are fully
exploited
The IT Strategies from Oracle series provides thought leadership and guidance for
applying the important technology strategies that deliver real business value and can
provide real competitive advantage.
ITSO provides collateral that enables architects to develop an architecture-centric,
pragmatic approach for enterprise class initiatives that promotes consistency and
interoperability by defining universally adopted architecture principles, guidelines,
standards, patterns, and best practices within their organizations. The technology and
industry perspective materials illustrate how Oracle technology can be best exploited
and their benefits maximized.
The collateral contained in ITSO augments and complements existing material such as
product documentation, Oracle Enterprise Architecture Framework (OEAF), Oracle
Unified Method (OUM), Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA), etc.
Summary 6-1
6-2 ITSO Overview
A
AFurther Reading
This document is an overview for the IT Strategies from Oracle series of documents.
As such, the entire collection of ITSO material is potentially of interest. Please visit the
ITSO web site for a complete list of available material.