Bosnian Serbian Croatian

Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian,
a Textbook
a Textbook
With Exercises and

Basic Grammar
Second Edition
Ronelle Alexander
Ellen Elias-Bursa
The University of Wisconsin Press

The University of Wisconsin Press
1930 Monroe Street, 3rd Floor
Madison, Wisconsin 53711-2059
uwpress.wisc.edu
3 Henrietta Street
London WC2E 8LU England
eurospanbookstore.com
Copyright 2006, 2010

Ronelle Alexander and Ellen Elias-Bursa
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted, in any format or by any means, digital, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, or conveyed via the Internet or a Web site without
written permission of the University of Wisconsin Press, except in the case of brief
quotations embedded in critical articles and reviews.
1 3 5 4 2
Printed in the United States of America
The Library of Congress has cataloged the first edition as follows:

Alexander, Ronelle.
Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, a textbook: with exercises and
basic grammar / Ronelle Alexander and Ellen Elias-Bursa.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-299-21204-1 (pbk.: alk. paper)
1. Bosnian LanguageGrammar, ComparativeCroatian. 2. Bosnian
LanguageGrammar, ComparativeSerbian. 3. Croatian Language
Grammar, ComparativeBosnian. 4. Croatian LanguageGrammar,
ComparativeSerbian. 5. Serbian LanguageGrammar, Comparative
Bosnian. 6. Serbian LanguageGrammar, ComparativeCroatian.
I. Elias-Bursa, Ellen. II. Title.
PG1229.A444 2006
491.8'282421dc22
2006046201
Second edition ISBNs: 978-0-299-23654-0 (pbk.: alk. paper) 978-0-299-23653-3 (e-book)
Publication of this book has been made possible in part by a grant

from the Peter N. Kujachich Endowment in Serbian and Montenegrin Studies
at the University of California, Berkeley.
Contents
Map of the regions where Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian are spoken ii
Preface to the Second Edition xi
Preface to the First Edition xi
Acknowledgments xii
Guide for Students xiii
Guide for Teachers xiv
Optimum use of the exercises and drills Organization of the lessons
Designation of differing forms Organization of vocabulary boxes within
lessons Accent Unaccented words and clitics
Abbreviations used in Lessons 1-20 xvii
Prva lekcija Lesson One

A1 KAKO SE ZOVE? 1
Alphabets and sounds Verb conjugation Singular and plural you
The verb to be Vocabulary differences
A2 TA JE OVO? [B,S] TO JE OVO? [C] 2
Nouns and gender Pronouns Questions Adjectives
A3 DOBAR DAN! 4
Adjectives, continued Spelling of proper names
A4 PAS I MAKA 6
Nouns denoting professions and nationalities The verb to be, continued
Plural of masculine nouns Vocabulary differences, continued
VJEBE [J] VEBE [E]* 8
DOMAA ZADAA [B, C] DOMAI ZADATAK [S]* 10
Geografska pitanja [B,C,S] Zemljopisna pitanja [C] 12
Blank map 13
Cyrillic practice sheets 14
Druga lekcija Lesson Two

A1 UITI ZAJEDNO 19
Addressing people: the vocative case Accusative case Time
expressions: days of the week Negation Present tense of verbs
The conjunction da Variant forms: ijekavian and ekavian
Object pronouns, clitic forms
A2 KOGA VIDI? 22
Accusative case of animate nouns Object pronouns, full forms
Demonstrative pronominal adjectives Fleeting vowels in adjectives
A3 KUPUJEM PSA 24
Accusative of animate masculines and fleeting vowels Verbal aspect,
introduction Prepositions Long and short adjectives Adjectives
ending in -o Verbs in -ovati
*
The symbols B, C and S identify words or phrases which are used predominantly in the corresponding
country or countries. The symbols E and J identify words that belong to the ekavian and ijekavian
pronunciation areas, respectively.
v
A4 PAPIRNICA 26
Addressing people: politeness formulas The verb moi
VJEBE [J] VEBE [E] 28
DOMAA ZADAA [B, C] DOMAI ZADATAK [S] 32
Trea lekcija Lesson Three

A1 KAKO STE? 35
Nominative plural of nouns Nominative plural of adjectives The words
meaning person, people Conjugation of poznavati Long-form pronouns
used for emphasis Case forms of personal names Adverbs The word for one
A2 LAKU NO! 38
Feminine nouns ending in a consonant Accusative plural Added syllables
in the plural Negation, continued Long and short adjectives in this book
A3 TA VIE VOLI? [B,S] TO VIE VOLI? [C] 40
A4 IJE SU OVE OLOVKE? 41
Interrogative pronominal adjectives Sound shifts in nominative plural
etvrta lekcija Lesson Four

A1 ODAKLE STE? 47
Forms of the genitive case Fleeting vowels and consonant softening
Possible accent shifts Question words and conjunctions Pronunciation
of alphabet letters
A2 KOD KOGA SU NAE KNJIGE? 49
Possessive pronominal adjectives Short form adjectives in the
genitive case Uses of the genitive case Pronouns in the genitive case
Turning questions into statements
A3 I JO NETO ... 51
Numbers Partitive genitive Names, continued
A4 TRAIM NEKE STVARI 53
Prepositions with the genitive, continued Pointer words English It is...
sentences Verb conjugation Long and longer adjectives
Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina: the Federation and Republic of Srpska 61
Peta lekcija Lesson Five

A1 PET MAAKA I PET PASA 63
Genitive plural Uses of the genitive plural Adverbs of direction
Distributive po
A2 NEMA NOVCA! 65
Uses of the genitive case, continued Prepositions with the accusative case
Telling time Motion verbs and aspect The verb want
A3 KO DOLAZI? [B,S] TKO DOLAZI? [C] 67
Genitive phrases of time Verbs and aspect The possessive adjective svoj
The verb budem, bude etc. Bosnian vocabulary
A4 IZLAZAK U GRAD 69
Negation Aspect and prefixation More on vocabulary differences
Maps of Montenegro, Serbia 78
vi
esta lekcija Lesson Six
A1 U ZGRADI 79
Locative case Usage of the locative case Irregular plurals
A2 UNIVERZITET [B,S] SVEUILITE [C] 81
Past tense, introduction Verbal usage, continued Forms of the locative
case, continued Time expressions Ordinal numbers
A3 KAKO TI JE? 84
Dative case Dative and locative personal pronouns Word order
The forms sam, samo, sama
A4 TA TI SE SVIA? [B,S] TO TI SE SVIA? [C] 86
The words like and love Other uses of the dative
Map of Croatia 96
Sedma lekcija Lesson Seven

A1 DORUAK 97
Instrumental case The instrumental case of pronouns The instrumental
case with prepositions
A2 IME IDE NA POSAO? 100
Use of the instrumental case Prepositions with the instrumental Verbs
of transport Negative imperative Negated moi vs. morati
A3 MA NEMOJ! 102
The imperative mood, continued Verbs of transport, continued
Inclinationalse-verbs Prepositions meaning to [a person]
Aspect, continued
A4 IME PIE? 104
Instrumental of means Variation in suffixes and gender of nouns
Aforizmi Duana Radovia 111
Osma lekcija Lesson Eight

A1 STRPLJENJE 113
Plural case forms Vocative case, continued
A2 NESTRPLJENJE 115
Neuter nouns with added syllable -et- Irregular plurals of dete / dijete,
brat, gospodin
A3 JAVI SE! 116
Se-verbs, continued
A4 SOBA 117
Review of prepositions
Deveta lekcija Lesson Nine

A1 TA E RADITI? [B,S] TO E RADITI? [C] 127
The future tense Word order in the future and variant spellings
The preposition na in future time expressions
A2 POGLEDAJ SE! 129
Questions and negation in the future tense Word order in the future tense
Double meanings of hteti / htjeti Reflexive verbs The particle se with
verbs Aspect, continued
vii
A3 STANOVANJE 131
Negated prepositional phrases Something, anything, etc.
What clauses
A4 NA STANICI [B,S] NA KOLODVORU [C] 133
Deseta lekcija Lesson Ten

A1 KOD CHARLIEA [B,C] KOD ARLIJA [S] 141
Verb types Past tense Usage of the past tense Past and future tense
of existential ima and nema
A2 PISATI I NAPISATI 144
Word order in the past tense Verbal aspect, continued Subjectless sentences
A3 BIO JEDNOM JEDAN LAV Duan Radovi 147
A4 BOLE ME I NOGE I RUKE 150
Verbal nouns The human body Verbs of transport
Jedanaesta lekcija Lesson Eleven

A1 VANO, VANIJE, NAJVANIJE 159
Passive participles Verb types and the formation of passive participles
Comparison of adjectives
A2 DVA RESTORANA 162
Comparison of adjectives expressed by consonant softening Comparison
of adverbs Comparison than One another The verb trebati
Names of professionals
Chart: STRUKE PROFESSIONS 165
A3 STRUKA I POSAO 166
The instrumental case, continued
A4 TREBA MI POSAO! 168
The verb trebati, continued Verbs of body position
Dvanaesta lekcija Lesson Twelve

A1 STUDENTSKI DOM 177
Cardinal numbers, review Agreement with cardinal numbers Fractions
and approximative numbers The relative conjunction koji as subject
Present verbal adverb
A2 KUPOVINA 182
Agreement with cardinal numbers Group numbers Past verbal adverb
Collective nouns
A3 KOLIKO IMA GODINA? 186
Ordinal numbers in naming dates Discussing ones age The exact future
The conjunction to Words meaning ought, might, may
A4 TA SE DOGODILO? [B,S] TO SE DOGODILO? [C] 188
Ordinal numbers, continued Aorist and imperfect
viii
Trinaesta lekcija Lesson Thirteen
A1 DOBRO DOLI! 197
The conditional mood The word welcome
A2 EVO KOMPJUTERA! [B,S] EVO KOMPJUTORA! [C] 200
Use of the conditional in toned-down statements or requests Indirect
discourse Da introducing proposed actions
A3 POLAKO ... 202
Conditional sentences Conditional of purpose
A4 UPUTSTVA 204
The relative conjunction koji, continued Compound conjunctions
etrnaesta lekcija Lesson Fourteen

A1 RECEPT ZA KAHVU [B] KAVU [C] KAFU [S] 215
Infinitives in the function of imperative Active vs. passive sentences
Formation of passive and impersonal sentences
A2 OLUJA 220
Passive participles, past and present verbal adverbs Telling time,
continued
A3 CRNA HRONIKA [B,S] CRNA KRONIKA [C] 222
A4 MAGLA 224
Petnaesta lekcija Lesson Fifteen

A1 PINGVIN CHARLIE pria: Hanna Kraatz reiser: B. Kolar 233
Aspect choice and verbal meaning Aspect and narrative Sve plus the
comparative
A2 KONTROLNI TEST 236
Each other Stati Sav all, sve everything and svi everyone
esnaesta lekcija Lesson Sixteen

A1 PISMO o dolasku na filmski festival 243
ODGOVOR iz Sarajeva 246
A2 PISMO o istraivakom radu u Hrvatskoj 248
ODGOVOR iz Zagreba 251
A3 o 254
ODGOVOR iz Beograda 256
Grammar note on "each other" 259
Sedamnaesta lekcija Lesson Seventeen

A1 LJEPOTICA I ZVIJER Ferida Durakovi 261
A2 ZEMLJA A. B. imi 264
Grammar note on aorist and imperfect 265
A3 VEE NA KOLJU Aleksa anti 267
A4 Nastanak i nestanak 269
ix
Osamnaesta lekcija Lesson Eighteen
A1 JESENJE VEE Antun Gustav Mato 277
A2 NOTTURNO Tin Ujevi 280
A3 Mato i Ujevi 282
Grammar note on the particle god and the word bilo 283
Devetnaesta lekcija Lesson Nineteen

A1 OIJU TVOJIH DA NIJE Vasko Popa 287
288
A2 ZA LAI IZGOVORENE IZ MILOSRA Desanka Maksimovi 290
291
A3 SIBINJANIN JANKO ... Stanko Piurica 292
Epska poezija 295
Note about the language of Montenegro 296
Dvadeseta lekcija Lesson Twenty

U ZAGRLJAJU RIJEKE Miro Gavran 301
Abbreviations used in the Appendices 313

Appendix 1 Latin and Cyrillic alphabets 315
Appendix 2 A selection of womens and mens names 317
Appendix 3 Cyrillic guidelines for use with worksheets on pages 14-17 319
Appendix 4 Noun declensions: paradigms Declension of personal names 323
Adjective declension: paradigms Declension of pronouns
Appendix 5 The most common prepositions 331
Appendix 6 Verbal conjugation 333
Appendix 7 Osam malih pria o mojoj eni David Albahari 341
Appendix 8 Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharem Bazdulj 347
Appendix 9 Verb types: conjugational patterns of verbs introduced in this book 359
Appendix 10 KLJU (Key to A exercises in Lessons 1-14) 367
Appendix 11 Key to audio recordings 383
How to use the BCS glossary 385
General Definitions Different forms Grammatical information
Accentuation
How to use the English glossary 388
Abbreviations and symbols used in the glossaries 389
BCS-English Glossary 391
English-BCS Glossary 453
Sources for illustrations 497
Index 499
x
Preface to the Second Edition
The second edition of Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, A Textbook with Exercises and Basic
Grammar contains several new features. These include
specific assignments and guidelines for self-study students

commentary on Montenegrin culture and the status of the Montenegrin language (see p. 87)
updated maps reflecting border changes in Serbia and Montenegro
a new Appendix 9, listing all verbs introduced in Textbook by verb and accentual type
expanded glossaries, including new vocabulary and more extensive referencing
revisions and additions both in the grammar and exercise sections
Despite these changes the A exercises have remained unchanged, allowing one to continue to use
the existing audio recordings (the only change is in the ordering of Lessons 16-19). Two sets of
answer keys, one for the first edition and one for the second edition, are available at
www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org.
Students: please read the Guide for Students on p. xiii ! Self-study learners should also read the
Guide for Teachers p. xiv.
Preface to the First Edition

When Yugoslavia broke up into smaller successor states, the language called Serbo-
Croatian was replaced by Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian. Accordingly, those who used to study
Serbo-Croatian must now choose which of the three successor languages they wish to learn.
Often they have no choice, and must simply study whichever of the three is being taught where
they happen to be studying, and trust in the assurance that learning one will allow them to get
by in either of the others. This book solves the problem by presenting all three together in a way
that gives equal weight to each one. It demonstrates by example that although the three languages
are very similar they are not identical: each has its own characteristic features. In particular, each
expresses a unique historical and cultural identity. At the same time they are similar enough in
grammar and vocabulary that they can be taught together in a single classroom.
The advantages of this method are numerous. Students are able to choose which of the
three languages they want to focus on, and are able at the same time to learn as much (or as little)
as they wish about each of the other two. Teachers are able to work in a single class with students
who choose to learn one or more than one of the three languages. Universities in a quandary
about which of the three languages to offer may rest assured that all are covered. In short, this
book restores a sense of balance to the study of the region. It is dedicated both to the practicality
of learning that which is similar as a unit, and to teaching the recognition of that which is unique
and separate in the cultures of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, and Montenegro. Among
the reading selections are three short stories written especially for this book, one each from
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia. Reading selections also include letters composed
by natives of the three languages, and poems by poets representing the several cultural traditions
throughout the region covered by BCS.
We give basic dialogues in three versions, one each for Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian.
Reading selections and illustrations also represent the three different languages and cultures. As
the title of the book suggests, the ordering is always alphabetical: all three are given equal weight.
In the construction of the dialogues and the choice of readings selections, we have attempted to
strike a balance between that which is common to the three and that which is characteristic of
each ones unique identity. Whenever we speak of grammar or vocabulary common to all three
xi
we use the acronym BCS, and whenever we speak of one of the three separate languages we use
the initials B, C, or S. In the lesson vocabularies and in both glossaries, we have indicated words
which are markedly B, C, or S by means of these abbreviations. It has not always been possible to
make these identifications unambiguously, since the degree to which certain words are shared
varies from word to word and speaker to speaker. In each instance we have made the most
reasoned judgment on the basis of reference manuals and the advice of native language
professionals.
This book has been designed to complement Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian: A Grammar
with Sociolinguistic Commentary, and should if possible be used in conjunction with it. The
Grammar provides more thorough grammar explanations than does the Textbook; it also contains
a detailed outline of the social, political and historical circumstances which allow BCS to be
viewed as one system utilized by three different languages. All language material in both books is
accented according to a simpler marking system than found in native manuals, a system
developed specifically for these books. We took as authoritative in assigning accents the
following manuals: Vladimir Ani, Veliki rjenik hrvatskoga jezika (Zagreb, 2003); Lana
Hudeek, Milica Mihaljevi, Luka Vukojevi, Hrvatski jezini savjetnik (Zagreb, 1999); Morton
Benson (with the collaboration of Biljana ljivi-imi), Serbocroatian-English Dictionary
(Belgrade and Philadelphia, 1971), and the six-volume Renik srpskohrvatskog knjievnog jezika
(published by Matica srpska between 1967 and 1976).
Our intent in producing this book has been to bring some measure of unification to the
fragmentation of language teaching which came about as a result of the wars accompanying the
breakup of Yugoslavia. On a more personal level, we also both wish to give back (or forward) to
students of generations to come something of what each of us has gained through many years of
interaction with wonderful people, their cultures and their languages. The dialogues and exercises
are an outgrowth of those developed by Ellen Elias-Bursa over a ten-year period teaching at
Harvard University, and the underlying principle of the book (that of combining the unity of BCS
and the separateness of B, C and S in a single volume) was devised by Ronelle Alexander, who
also wrote all the grammar sections and devised the system of accentual marking.
We realize that not everyone will agree with all the choices we have made in our attempt
to find a balance among the many different facets of usage, both official and colloquial, in the
three languages. Our intent has been to give as true a picture as possible of existing usage within
a framework that is accessible to students and usable in the classroom. We welcome reactions,
comments, and errata via: http://www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org.
Acknowledgments
This book could never have been written without the help of many people. There were
the language teachers whose creative work on language instruction shaped the thinking behind
the exercises, in particular E. Wayles Browne, Marijana Cesarec, Patricia Chaput and Thomas F.
Magner. There were ten years of students who asked good questions and taught the teachers as
they learned. Funding from the Consortium for Language Teaching and Learning, and the
opportunity to rely on the expertise of the Media Production Services and Harvards Language
Resource Center, made developing the materials possible. Undergraduate and graduate students,
native speakers of Bosnian, Croatian or Serbian, contributed to the discussion and recording of
the exercises, now available as the Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Audio Supplement. Bruce Molay
helped to develop a website for the draft version of the textbook, and the website made it possible
for several teachers to teach from draft versions of the Textbook for two years. Both Steve
Salemson and Gwen Walker of the University of Wisconsin Press gave encouragement and
guidance, and Zagreb Film has allowed us to bring Professor Baltazar to America.
xii
We extend special thanks to David Albahari and Muharem Bazdulj for writing stories
especially for the Textbook, to Ferida Durakovi for the use of her poem and to Miro Gavran for
the use of his story. Thanks are also due to Duan Radovis son, Desanka Maksimovis heirs,
and the Vasko Popa Archive, for allowing the use of their poems and other writings; to the
Milman Parry Collection of Oral Literature at Harvard University for the use of the transcribed
excerpt from Stanko Piuricas oral epic; and to Zrinka Babi-Jelaska for her delightful review
exercises which inspired parts of Lesson 8.
To Nijaz Ali, Sue Brown, Svetlana Broz, Karen Chemel, Maa ulumovi, Mima
Dedai, David Elmer, Mirza Fehimovi, Ana Galjani, Rajka Gorup, Giga Graan, Robert
Greenberg, Nora Hampl, Vlada Ignjatovi, Reija Ikanovi, Milan Jemenica, Nada Jemenica,
Ivona Josipovi, Marina Jovanovi, Emir Kamenica, Jasmin Mehovi, Mia Midenjak, Liba
Miki, Nataa Milas, David Mladinov, Kevin Moss, Zoran Muti, Svetlana Nikoli, ura
Otran, Vlado Pavlini, Emina Peljto, Haso Peljto, Nada Petkovi, Azra Pravdi, Slobodan
Radoman, Jasmina Rianovi, Midhat Rianovi, Jeff Spurr, Obrad epanovi, Catherine
karica, Jasna ojer, Toma Tasovac, Mary Thompson-Popovi, Charles Ward and Milka Zeevi
we express heartfelt thanks in the name of the students who will benefit from the many ways they
have given of their time and expertise. Special thanks are due to Natalija Novta and Aida Vidan
for their unstinting dedication to the project, to Traci Lindsey for her fine editing, and to Dragan
Momirovi, Darko Poslek and Sran Vujica for their help with the letters in Lesson 16.
Acknowledgments for photographs, maps and fonts can be found on p. 497.
Guide for students

Welcome to the study of BCS. You will find that the cultures of Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, and Serbia have a great deal to offer. There are movies,
music, poetry and fiction, a compelling history, and political issues that have shaped not only the
Balkans but also the world. This book will help you gain access to them.
Students, whether enrolled in a course or working on their own, who choose to study
these languages generally have a clear sense of why they are doing so whether for reasons of
intellectual curiosity, employment, family, scholarship or research and often they know in
advance which of the three languages they are interested in learning. Other students may be
intrigued by the general area, and wish to acquire an overall knowledge of its languages. This
textbook furnishes the tools students need to master any one of the three (Bosnian, Croatian, or
Serbian) while at the same time allowing them familiarity with the other two.
The first eight lessons introduce the cases and the past and present tenses, and the next two
give full treatment of the future and the past tenses. Lessons 11-15 deal with more advanced
grammatical issues such as comparatives, numbers, conditional and participial usage, and aspect,
while Lessons 16-20 provide practice in reading. Brief grammar explanations accompany most
lessons; more detailed explanations on all topics are available in the books companion volume,
Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian: A Grammar with Sociolinguistic Commentary. Recordings of the
exercises in Lessons 1-14 and of the poems and the stories are available on CD as a separate unit
called Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Audio Supplement. Poetry is the focus of Lessons 17-19
because poems by their nature exploit the mechanics of language and will help reinforce your
mastery of the grammar. There are photographs all through the Textbook: use these both as
examples of the language in action and as material for discussion. And, of course, enjoy Profesor
Baltazar!
The Appendices provide many useful resources. In them you will find a 24-page section
of paradigms, a guide to conjugation listing all the verbs which are used in the Textbook, a list of
the recordings in the audio supplement, a BCS-English glossary with about 5000 entries and an
English-BCS glossary with 3700 entries.
xiii
Surround yourself with the language as much as you can while you study it. If you can
find a subtitled film, watch it at least twice. Get a recording of the kind of music you like from the
BCS region and listen to a song until you can sing it. Visit www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org for
useful internet links, reading lists and information about films and music.
Guide for teachers

In courses designed for the study of Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian (referred to throughout this
book as BCS), there are bound to be some students intent on the study of Bosnian, some on the
study of Croatian and some on the study of Serbian. This course is designed to meet the needs of
all these students. Most students will decide during the first week of class which of the three [B,
C, or S] to focus on in spoken and written work. If they stay with that choice for at least one
semester, they can not only gain a coherent spoken and written mastery of their chosen language,
but also learn about the other two from their classmates.
Although the in-class exercises and drills may be used by the class as a group, they are best
suited for work in smaller groups of two or three students each. You will find that a student
speaking Croatian can easily go through an exercise paired with a student speaking Bosnian, each
of them using their version as a guide; the same is true of Serbian / Bosnian or Serbian / Croatian
pairs. Each student should choose a name from among those listed in the Appendix on page 317
and use it throughout the semester as his or her in-class name, substituting this name for the
numbers 1 or 2 which identify the speakers in each exercise.
Optimum use of the exercises and drills
The teacher should first introduce a new exercise or drill by reading it aloud and then
having the students repeat it as a group. After this the teacher should assign each student a
partner. Even in a class of only four or five, students benefit from working in pairs or threes, as
this gives them the chance to speak more, and to try things they might be reluctant to try in front
of a larger group. Once each student has tried all the roles, they should then go through the
exercises again, replacing the italicized words and expressions with the suggestions listed in the
section marked with the symbol .
The early lessons refer to props to be used in the classroom. These are listed under the
heading called rekviziti. For instance, the props for Lesson 1 are: pas (dog), maka (cat),
biljenica [C] sveska [S] teka [B] (notebook), knjiga (book), papir (paper), cipela (shoe), auto
(car). The more of the rekviziti the teacher can supply in the classroom for each lesson, either as
real objects or as paper cut-outs, the easier it will be for students to master vocabulary and
grammar. While students are working in pairs or threes, the instructor should circulate around the
classroom, visiting each pair of students to respond to questions that may arise and to make
corrections and suggestions. Whenever possible, students should use props, and go through
exercises on their feet, with their partner or partners. Ideally, class time should be punctuated by
several sessions in partner pairs, interspersed with grammar and other explanations addressed to
the class as a whole.
Organization of the lessons
Each lesson has three sections of material. The A section includes demonstration
exercises. If a course meets three or more times a week for an hour, an A section exercise might
be used to start a class, while courses organized in one or two longer sessions can use the A
sections to punctuate segments of the session. After the class works through an A section,
students may be assigned to perform it as a skit, or to use it as a model on which they base an
xiv
exchange of their own design.
The B section includes drills for further in-class practice on the grammar set forth in the
A section exercises, and the C section includes homework assignments. Vocabulary lists give
words new to that lesson in alphabetical order; the Glossaries at the back of the book list all
words from the lessons plus some additional vocabulary. Grammar explanations in this textbook
are brief, since much fuller information is given in the companion volume Bosnian, Croatian,
Serbian: A Grammar with Sociolinguistic Commentary, whose first fifteen chapters are designed
to complement Lessons 1-15 of this Textbook. Boldfaced numbers in brackets direct the student
to the section in Grammar which contains a more extensive discussion of any one grammar point.
Designation of differing forms
The symbols B, C, and S identify words which are used predominantly (or exclusively) in
the corresponding country or countries and less so (or not at all) in the others. The symbols E and
J identify words that belong to the ekavian and ijekavian pronunciation areas, respectively. The
B, C, S symbols are used throughout the book, while the E, J symbols appear in the prompts
below exercises and in the glossary (but not in vocabulary boxes, since the words in question
usually occur next to one another and the differences are easy to spot). Croatian and Bosnian use
ijekavian pronunciation exclusively, while Serbian usage includes speakers of both ekavian and
ijekavian. For the most part the Serbian exercises use ekavian examples but there are a few
examples of Serbian ijekavian usage; these are identified as such.
Titles and exercises throughout the book are given in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian
versions when there are differences. The order in which these are given always corresponds to the
order B,C,S. Thus, ijekavian forms (marked [J]) precede ekavian ones (marked [E]), and B
forms are always listed first. For example: Vjebe [J] Vebe [E] and Domai zadatak [B,S]
Domaa zadaa [C]. The only exception concerns titles of published works which are given in
the original form only, for example: Pingvin Charlie or Ljepotica i zvijer.
If a word in the vocabulary lists is NOT followed by one of these bracketed designations,
this means that it is used in the same way by all speakers of Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian. If a
word is used with the same meaning in both Bosnian and Croatian, it is marked [B,C], and if it is
used with the same meaning in both Bosnian and Serbian it is marked [B,S]. In the few instances
when a word is marked [B,C,S], this means that the word in question is used in all three, but that
one of the three also uses another word in this meaning. For example: avion [B,C,S] zrakoplov
[C] airplane; or stric [B,C,S] amida [B] [paternal] uncle.
When the prompts listed in the instructions below exercises include replacement vocabulary
options, these are given in alphabetical order. If any one replacement option has differing forms,
the set of forms is given as a single unit comprising the B, C, and S words, also in alphabetical
order. Here is an example, taken from Lesson 4, exercise A3. Note the sequencing for orange,
bread, cheese within the larger list.
For other snacks use: jabuka, nar ana [C] naranda [B] pomoranda [S], komad hljeba [B,S] komad
kruha [C] pare hleba [S], komad sira [B,C] pare sira [B,S], kreker, kruka, orah, slatki, ljiva, voe.
Organization of vocabulary boxes within lessons
In the vocabulary lists of all lessons, nouns are given in the nominative singular form; when
the form of the stem is different in other cases, the genitive singular is given as well. Up through
Lesson 7, adjectives are given in masculine, neuter and feminine forms, and both the infinitive
and 1st person singular are given for every verb. Starting from Lesson 8, only the dictionary form
(masculine singular short form) is given for adjectives, except in those instances where the stem
of the masculine form is different from that of other forms: for these adjectives the feminine
xv
singular is also given. After this point, the 1st singular form of verbs is given only when it is not
directly predictable from the infinitive form. Since the form of an adverb is equivalent to the
neuter singular adjective form, it is assumed by Lesson 3 that students will be able to derive
adverbs from the corresponding adjective.
Accent
In BCS, as in most other languages, only one syllable per word is accented. All vowels
are either long or short, and accented vowels carry either falling or rising tone. It is not necessary
to teach all elements of this complex accentual system, either at the outset or at all, since one can
communicate perfectly well by simply knowing the place of accent and a few important instances
of vowel length. It is recommended that students mark the accent-bearing syllable in each word in
their written work . It is not necessary for them to specifically learn other components of the
accent markings unless they or their teachers desire it. For those who do want (now or eventually)
to learn the full system, all examples in this book are marked for all components of the accent.
Most books which mark BCS accent use a system of five marks. This book uses a simpler
system while still managing to convey the same information. Only two marks are used. The
underscore (a) means that a vowel is long, and the grave accent (a), means that a vowel bears
rising accent. A long rising vowel, therefore, is one which has both these marks, as in the word
(glava), and a short rising vowel is one which has only the grave accent, as in (voda). If no grave
mark is present, then the assumption is that the word has falling accent on the first (or only)
syllable, either long, as in (ja), or short, as in (maka).
The "accent" of each word, therefore, is a complex of several factors. These include place
of accent, presence or absence of length, and rising or falling tone. In certain instances, the form
of the accent will change in different grammatical forms of the word; these changes follow
recognizable patterns and are identified in vocabulary lists. For more on the nature of rising and
falling accent, and on accentual shifts conditioned by grammatical form, see Chapter 19 of
Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian: A Grammar with Sociolinguistic Commentary.
Unaccented words and clitics
A small number of words are unaccented. This means that they do not carry any accent at
all, but rather are pronounced together with a neighboring word, sharing its accent. This group of
words includes all prepositions, the negative particle (ne) when used before a verb form, and a set
of words called clitics. Clitics are object pronouns (ju, je, ga, ih, joj, mu, im, nas, vas, nam, vam),
auxiliary verbs (sam, si, je, smo, ste, su; u, e, e, ete, e), the question particle li, and the
particle se. Clitics are never accented, although two of them do contain long vowels (the object
pronoun joj and the 3rd person plural clitic e).
When a present tense verb form has falling accent (necessarily on the first syllable) and is
preceded by the negative particle, this particle will always draw the accent to itself, as short rising
(for instance, kaem vs. ne kaem). Similarly, the accent can shift to the preposition from a
pronoun or noun object; this occurs most frequently in Bosnian. When the grave mark appears on
the negative particle or the preposition, the word following does not have an accent, but is rather
pronounced together with the preceding preposition or negative particle, as a single unit.
xvi
Abbreviations in Lessons 1-20
1st first person Gsg genitive singular
2nd second person (I) imperfective aspect
3rd third person indecl. indeclinable
abbr. abbreviation inf. infinitive
adj. adjective Instr instrumental case
adj. form word has meaning of a noun (I/P) both imperfective and
but form of an adjective perfective aspect
adv. adverb Isg instrumental singular
Acc accusative case [J] ijekavian word or words
Apl accusative plural [J] [B/S] ijekavian words specific to
Asg accusative singular Bosnian and Serbian
aux auxiliary form ijekavian usage
[B] Bosnian usage Loc locative case
[B,C] Bosnian and Croatian usage Lsg locative singular
[B,C,S] Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian m, masc. masculine
usage (where there also n, neut. neuter
exists another word or phrase Nom nominative
which is used in only one or Npl nominative plural
two of the others) Nsg nominative singular
[B,S] Bosnian and Serbian usage (P) perfective aspect
[C] Croatian usage pl plural
coll. collective (pl form) word exists only in plural form
colloq. colloquial prep. preposition
cons. consonant pres. present tense
Dat-Loc dative-locative case pron. pronoun
DLsg dative-locative singular pron.adj. pronominal adjective
DLIpl dative-locative-instrumental quest. question
plural [S] Serbian usage
[E] ekavian word or words sg singular
e.g. for example Voc vocative case
f feminine
fem. feminine
(f sg form) word takes endings of a * see p. 313 for abbreviations used in the
feminine singular noun appendices and p. 389 for abbreviations used in
Gen genitive case the glossaries.
Gpl genitive plural
xvii
Sarajevo
Zagreb
Belgrade
xviii
a Textbook
Rekviziti [Props]: auto, biljenica [C] sveska [S] teka [B], cipela, klju, knjiga, maka, olovka, pap ir, pas,
pismo, udbenik.
A1 1,2 [See p. 383]
VOCABULARY
a and, but prvi, prvo, prva first

biti to be sam [I] am
bok! [C] hi! bye! si (familiar) [you] are
ao! [B,S] hi! bye! student student
ciao [C] hi! bye! ti (familiar) you
i and tko [C] who
ja I zdravo! [B,S] hi! bye!
kako how zovem se my name is [ = I am called]
ko [B,S] who zove se your name is [ = you are called]
lekcija lesson zvati se to be called
KAKO SE ZOVE?
Bosnian Croatian Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

1. Zdravo! 1. Bok! 1. ao! 1. !
2. Zdravo! Ko si ti? 2. Bok! Tko si ti? 2. ao! Ko si ti? 2. ! ?
1. Ja sam student i 1. Ja sam student i 1. Ja sam student i 1. ,
zovem se ........ . zovem se ........ . A zovem se ........ . . ........ .
A kako se ti kako se ti zov e? A kako se ti ?
zove? 2. Zovem se ........ . zove? 2. ........ .
2. Zovem se ........ . 2. Zovem se ........ .
Insert your own name in the appropriate blank. [For translations of A exercises see Appendix 10.]
The words bok, ciao, ao and zdravo are used both as hello and goodbye among colleagues, acquain-
tances, or people of the same age. [For more information on vocabulary see Glossaries in the Appendix.]
zGRAMMAR
* Alphabets and sounds *
Two alphabets are in use in the region where B, C, and S are spoken, called Latin and Cyrillic. S uses
both alphabets while B and C use the Latin alphabet. [1] Learning to pronounce B, C, or S is easy, because
each alphabet letter corresponds to only one sound. [2] See p. 315 for more on pronunciation and alphabet,
and p. xvi for explanation of the accentuation system. Numbers in brackets in the grammar sections refer to
more detailed explanations in Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian: A Grammar with Sociolinguistic Commentary.
* Verb conjugation *
Every verb has six forms in the present
tense. [7a] Here is the verb zvati se, used zovem se I am called zovemo se we are called
to identify a persons name. The particle zove se you are called zovete se you are called
se accompanies the verb but does not
zove se s/he is called zovu se they are called
always follow the verb directly. Rather,
the particle se is required to be in the second position of the sentence, no matter where the verb occurs. This
is true for any verb that occurs with the particle se, such as kae se one says. [12a-b]
1
* Singular and plural you *
Use the singular form ti (and the verb form ending in -) to refer to a single person you know well. Use the
plural form vi (and the verb ending in -te) to refer either to a group of people or to a single person you are
on more distant, polite terms with. [6]
* The verb to be *
The usual forms of the verb biti to be are short, and sam [I] am smo [we] are
cannot occur alone at the beginning of a sentence. They
are always placed in the second position of the word or si [you] are ste [you] are
clause. [7b] The chart to the right gives the forms. je [s/he] is su [they] are
* Vocabulary differences *
A number of words have different forms in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian. For instance, the word meaning
who is ko in B and S, and tko in C, while the word for "what" is ta in B and S, and to in C.
A2 3,4,5,6,7,8
VOCABULARY
auto car olovka pencil

biljenica [C] notebook on he, it
cipela shoe ona she, it
da yes ono it
da li [B,S] [in questions] ovaj, ovo, ova this
ime name ovo je this is
je is papir paper
klju key pas dog
knjiga book pismo letter, envelope
li [B,C] [in questions] pitanje question
maka cat sveska [S] notebook
moj, moje, moja my, mine ta [B,S] what?
na engleskom in English to [C] what?
na, nae, naa our, ours taj, to, ta this, that
ne no tamo there
nije is not teka [B] notebook
njegov, njegovo, njegova his tvoj, tvoje, tvoja (familiar) your, yours
njen, njeno, njena [B,C,S] her, hers to this, that
njezin, njezino, njezina [C] her, hers udbenik textbook
njihov, njihovo, njihova their, theirs va, vae, vaa (polite) your, yours
TA JE OVO? [B,S] TO JE OVO? [C]

1. ta je ovo? 1. to je ovo? 1. ta je ovo? 1. ?
2. To je olovka. 2. To je olovka. 2. To je olovka. 2. .
1. Je li tvoja? 1. Je li tvoja? 1. Da li je tvoja? 1. ?
2. Da, moja je. 2. Da, moja je. 2. Da, moja je. 2. , je.
1. Ne, ne! Nije tvoja! 1. Ne, ne! Nije tvoja! 1. Ne, ne! Nije tvoja! 1. , e! !
Njena je! Njezina je! Njena je! !
Replace olovka with biljenica [C] sveska [S] tek a [B], cip ela, maka. Replace the possessives tvoj,
moj and njen [B,S] njezin [C] with na, njegov, njihov, va.
2
2. To je udbenik. 2. To je udbenik. 2. To je udbenik. 2. .
1. Je li tvoj? 1. Je li tvoj? 1. Da li je tvoj? 1. o?
2. Da, moj je. 2. Da, moj je. 2. Da, moj je. 2. , je.
1. Ne, ne! Nije tvoj! 1. Ne, ne! Nije tvoj! 1. Ne, ne! Nije tvoj! 1. , ! !
Njen je! Njezin je! Njen je! je!
Replace udbenik with au to, papir, pas, klju and use possessives njegov, na, va, njihov.

2. To je pismo. 2. To je pismo. 2. To je pismo. 2. .
1. Je li tvoje? 1. Je li tvoje? 1. Da li je tvoje? 1. ?
2. Da, moje je. 2. Da, moje je. 2. Da, moje je. 2. , je.
1. Ne! Nije tvoje! Moje 1. Ne! Nije tvoje! Moje 1. Ne! Nije tvoje! 1. ! !
je! je! Moje je! !
Replace pismo with ime or pitanje (write a name or a question out on a piece of paper and use
that as the object of the exchange) and use possessives njen [B,S] njezin [C] njegov, na, va, njihov.
zGRAMMAR
* Nouns and gender *
Nouns in BCS can be masculine, feminine or neuter. Masculine nouns, like pas, usually end in a consonant.
Feminine nouns, like maka, usually end in -a. Neuter nouns, like pitanje, end in -e or -o. [5a] Possessive
pronominal adjectives, like moj, tvoj or njihov, have endings similar to the nouns they agree with. For
example: moj pas (masculine), moje pitanje (neuter), moja maka (feminine). [11a]
* Pronouns *
Subject pronouns are used for emphasis, or when
the person or thing is mentioned for the first time. singular plural
They are omitted otherwise, since the verb form masculine on he, it oni they
alone gives the necessary information. In the 3rd neuter ono it ona they
person, the choice of pronoun is determined by feminine ona she, it one they
the gender of the noun referred to. The plural
forms one and ona are used only to refer to exclusively feminine or neuter groups, respectively, while the
masculine on i refers to masculine only, a mixed group, or the general idea they. [6]
* Questions *
Questions which expect the answer yes or no are formed in different ways. The most frequent way in S
is to place da li before the verb, and the most frequent way in B and C is to place li after the verb. [8b]
Other questions begin with a question word such as what, who, or the like, as in English. The question
marker (question word, da li or the sequence verb + li) always stands at the beginning of a sentence. [8a]
3
* Adjectives *
Adjectives usually precede a noun. Many adjectives, and all possessive pronominal adjectives, can also
occur after a form of the verb to be, as in pas je moj, maka je tvoja. In both instances the ending of the
adjective must agree with the noun to which it refers. Neuter adjectives end in either -o or -e depending on
the preceding consonant (for instance, njihovo but nae). [11, 11a] Adjectives in glossary listings are given
in the order masculine - neuter feminine, as in moj, moje, moja. After Lesson 8, only the masculine
form is given unless there is an otherwise unpredictable change, in which case the feminine is also given.
A3 9,10
VOCABULARY
dan day na hrvatskom in Croatian

dobar, dobro, dobra good na srpskom in Serbian
dobar dan hello sladak, slatko, slatka sweet
ili or vi you (plural)
kae se is said, one says zove se his/its/her name is
kako se kae (....) how do you say (....) zovemo se our name is
mi we zovete se your name is
na bosanskom in Bosnian ena woman, wife
DOBAR DAN
[#1 and #2 are students. They meet a couple named George and Mary, who are walking with #3, another
student. They strike up a conversation as they stroll.]
Bosnian Croatian
1. Dobar dan! 1. Dobar dan!
2. Dobar dan! Kako je sladak ov aj pas! 2. Dobar dan! Kako je sladak ov aj pas!
1. To je njihov pas [points to Mary and 1. To je njihov pas [points to Mary and
George], nije moj. Je li to tvoja maka? George], nije moj. Je li to tvoja maka?
2. Da, moja je. 2. Da, moja je.
1. Kako se zove? 1. Kako se zove?
2. Maka se zove Maca. A kako se zove taj 2. Maka se zove Maca. A kako se zove taj
slatki pas? slatki pas?
3. Zove se Freddy. 3. Zove se Freddy.
2. A kako se ti zove? 2. A kako se ti zove?
1. Ja se zov em ........ , a vi? 1. Ja se zov em ........ , a vi?
2. Mi se zovemo ........ i ........ . A vi, kako se 2. Mi se zovemo ........ i ........ . A vi, kako se
zovete? zovete?
George: Moje ime je George, ovo je moja en a George: Moje je ime George, ovo je moja en a
Mary, a Freddy je na. Moje pitanje je: Kako Mary, a Freddy je na. Moje je pitanje: Kako
se kae George na hrvatskom i srpskom? se kae George na hrvatskom i srpskom?
1. George se kae Juraj na hrvatskom. 1. George se kae Juraj na hrvatskom.
2. A ore na srpskom. 2. A ore na srpskom.
Mary: A na bosanskom? Mary: A na bosanskom?
3. Ili Juraj ili ore. 3. Ili Juraj ili ore.
4
Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic
1. Dobar dan! 1. !
2. Dobar dan! Kako je sladak ov aj pas! 2. ! !
1. To je njihov pas [points to Mary and 1. je [points to Mary and
George], nije moj. A da li je to tvoja maka? George], j .
2. Da, moja je. ?
1. Kako se zove? 2. , .
2. Maka se zove Maca. A kako se zove taj 1. ?
slatki pas? 2. .
3. Zove se Fredi. ?
2. A kako se ti zove? 3. .
1. Ja se zov em ........ , a vi? 2. ?
2. Mi se zovemo ........ i ........ . A vi, kako se 1. ........ , ?
zovete? 2. ........ ........ . ,
Dord: Moje ime je Dord, ovo je moja en a ?
Meri, a Fredi je na. Moje pitanje je: Kako : ,
se kae Dord na hrvatskom i srpskom? , . :
1. Dord se kae Juraj na hrvatskom.
2. A ore na srpskom. ?
Meri: A na bosanskom? 1. j .
3. Ili Juraj ili ore. 2. .
: ?
3. j .
Students should speak this and other conversations aloud. Each student should assume one of the
numbered roles. When names are to be inserted in blanks, students can either use their own names or
choose a B, C, or S name from the list on p. 317.
Self-study learners (those who are working on their own rather than in a classsroom setting): Read
through each exercise several times. Then repeat after the recording until you are familiar with the
exchange. Finally, study the grammar sections after each A exercise and use this information to analyze the
grammar in the exercises.
zGRAMMAR
* Adjectives, continued *
The masculine form of adjectives can end in a consonant or -i. Most masculine adjectives have both forms.
[17] The form sometimes changes before the ending -i (for instance, sladak but slatki; for more, see p. 25).
[16b] The demonstrative pronoun ovaj this must also agree with its noun when it functions as an
adjective (for instance, ovaj pas, ovo pitanje, ova maka). [11b] When the words ovo or to are used to
present something or someone, they do not change form. For instance: ovo je moj pas, to je moja maka).
[9]
* Spelling of proper names *

Proper names often have different forms (or spellings) in B, C, or S. In addition, C spells foreign names as
in the original language (thus George, Catherine, Mary), while S spells them as they are pronounced in the
original language (thus Dord, Ketrin, Meri). While B can use either means of spelling, there is a greater
tendency toward the C usage. [1c]
5
A4 11,12
VOCABULARY
ali but jesam [I] am (emphatic)

Amerikanac American person, man jesi [you] are (emphatic)
Amerik anka American woman jest [C] [he, it, she] is (emphatic)
Australac [C] Australian person, man jeste [B,S] [you] are (emphatic)
Australijan ac [B,S] Australian person, man jeste [B,S] [he, it, she] is (emphatic)
Australijanka [B,S] Australian woman jesu [they] are (emphatic)
Australka [C] Australian woman Kanaanin Canadian person, man
Bosan ac Bosnian person, man Kanaanka Canadian woman
Bosanka Bosnian woman nisu [they] are not
ovek man, person oni they
ovjek man, person prijatelj [B,C] friend
Crnogorac Montenegrin man/person prijatelji [B,C] friends
Crnogorka Montenegrin woman profesor professor, teacher
domaa zadaa [B,C] homework profesorica [B,C] professor, teacher (f)
domai zadatak [S] homework profesorka [B,S] professor, teacher (f)
drug [B,S] friend, companion Srbin Serbian man/person
drugovi [B,S] friends, companions Srpkinja Serbian woman
Engleskinja Englishwoman studentica [B,C] student (f)
Englez Englishman studentkinja [B,S] student (f)
Francuskinja Frenchwoman su [they] are
Francuz Frenchman veba exercise
Hrvat Croatian man/person vjeba exercise
Hrvatica Croatian woman
PAS I MAKA
Bosnian Croatian
1. Jesi li ti student? 1. Jesi li ti student?
2. Da, ja sam student. Da li si ti studentica? 2. Da, ja sam student. Jesi li ti studentica?
1. Jesam. 1. Jesam.
3. I ja sam studentica. A George i Mary, ta su 3. I ja sam studentica. A George i Mary, to su
oni? oni?
2. George je profesor, a Mary je profesorica. 2. George je profesor, a Mary je profesorica.
3. A njihov pas? 3. A njihov pas?
2. Njihov pas nije profesor. Pas nije ovjek! 2. Njihov pas nije profesor. Pas nije ovjek!
Ali on jeste na prijatelj. Ali on jest na prijatelj.
3. Jesu li pas i maka prijatelji? 3. Jesu li pas i maka prijatelji?
2. I jesu i nisu. 2. I jesu i nisu.
1. Je li George Francuz? 1. Je li George Francuz?
2. Ne, on je Englez. 2. Ne, on je Englez.
1. A ta je Mary? 1. A to je Mary?
2. Ona je Engleskinja. 2. Ona je Engleskinja.
6
1. Da li si ti student? 1. ?
2. Da, ja sam student. Da li si ti studentkinja? 2. , .
1. Jesam. ?
3. I ja sam studentkinja. A Dord i Meri, ta 1. .
su oni? 3. j . ,
2. Dord je profesor, a Meri je profesorka. ?
3. A njihov pas? 2. , a .
2. Njihov pas nije profesor. Pas nije ovek! Ali 3. ?
on jeste na drug. 2. j . !
3. Da li su pas i maka prijatelji? o e .
2. I jesu i nisu. 3. ?
1. Da li je Dord Francuz? 2. .
2. Ne, on je Englez. 1. je ?
1. A ta je Meri? 2. , je e.
2. Ona je Engleskinja. 1. ?
2. O E.
Replace Francuz with Bosanac, Crnogorac, Hrv at, Srbin. Replace Englez with Amerikanac,
Australac [C] Australijan ac [B,S], Kana anin; replace Engleskinja with Amerik anka, Australijanka [B,S]
Australka [C], Kanaanka.
In the lines referring to Georges and Marys nationalities, switch 'George' with 'Mary,' and use
as replacements Francuskinja, and Bosanka or Crnogorka or Hrvatica or Srpkinja.
The exercise above uses the terms Bosanac and Bosanka rather than Bonjak and Bnjakinja. In current
usage the terms Bonjak and Bnjakinja refer specifically to members of the Muslim community, while
the terms Bosanac and Bosanka refer to any resident of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
zGRAMMAR
* Nouns denoting professions and nationalities *
Nouns denoting nationalities have two forms, one referring to females alone (such as Amerikanka) and one
referring both to males and to the general idea (such as Amerikanac). Many nouns denoting professions
function in a similar manner: for instance, studentica and studentkinja mean only female student while
student means either male student or just student. [5b]
* The verb to be, continued *

There are two sets of longer forms for this verb, which
are given in the chart to the right. One set is used to long (negation) long (emphasis)
express negation and the other is used in questions and nisam nismo jesam jesmo
for emphasis. In this second meaning, C uses jest in 3rd nisi niste jesi jeste
singular while B and S use jeste. [7b] nije nisu jeste, jest jesu
* Plural of masculine nouns *

The plural of masculine nouns ends in -i. [32a] Masculine nouns containing a single syllable frequently add
the syllable -ov- or -ev- before the ending -i. [32e] For instance, the plural of prijatelj is prijatelji while the
plurals of drug and broj are drugovi, and brojevi. Long vowels frequently shorten in these plurals. [166b]
* Vocabulary differences, continued *

The suffixes denoting female humans often vary between B, C, and S. In addition, certain words referring
to basic concepts are used with different frequencies and sometimes with different meanings in B, C, and S.
For instance the word drug is used more frequently in S in the meaning, friend, companion, while
prijatelj is used in this meaning in B, C (and all three use prijatelj in the meaning life-long friend).
7
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E] [Exercises]
Self-study learners: For the solutions to exercises in sections B and C of each lesson, consult the answer
keys available for download at www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org
B1
Bosnian Croatian Serbian Serbian Cyrillic
1. Ko je student? 1. Tko je student? 1. Ko je student? 1. ?
2. On je. 2. On je. 2. On je. 2. .
1. Ko? 1. Tko? 1. Ko? 1. ?
2. On! 2. On! 2. On! 2. !
Replace on with ona, ja, ti, and replace je with sam, si. As you are saying each sentence, point to the
person you are speaking about.
Self-study learners (those who are working on their own): Write some names from p. 317 on pieces of
paper and point to them as you do this exercise.
All students: For an overview of conjugation forms, see Appendix 6, pp. 333-339.
B2
Ask each other these questions (using information from A3 and A4):
Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

Kako se zove ovaj student? ?
[B,C] Kako se zove ova studentica?
[S] Kako se zove ova studentkinja? ?
[B,C] Kako se zovu profesor i profesorica?
[S] Kako se zovu profesor i profesorka? ?
Kako se zovemo mi? ?
Kako se zove njihov pas? ?
Kako se zove njegova maka? ?
Kako se zove tvoj prijatelj? ?
B3
In this exercise, use the name you have chosen from the list on p. 317 to be your B, C, or S name.
Bosnian Croatian
1. Kako se zove na engleskom? 1. Kako se zove na engleskom?
2. Zovem se Caitlin. 2. Zovem se Caitlin.
1. A kako je tvoje bosansko ime? 1. A kako je tvoje hrvatsko ime?
2. Delila. 2. Iva.

1. Kako se zove na engleskom? 1. ?
2. Zovem se Kejtlin. 2. e ej.
1. A kako je tvoje srpsko ime? 1. ?
2. Gordana. 2. .
8
B4
1. Kako se kae pencil ? 1. pencil ?
2. Pencil se kae olovka. 2. Pencil .
Replace pencil with question, dog, cat, man, notebook, car, shoe.
B5
Ask each other these questions:

1. Kako se kae studentica na srpskom? 1. ?
2. Kako se kae profesorka na bosanskom i 2.
hrvatskom? ?
3. Kako se kae tko na srpskom i 3.
bosanskom ? ?
4. Kako se kae sveska na hrvatskom ili 4.
bosanskom? ?
B6
1. Ko je ova ena? 1. Tko je ova ena? 1. Ko je ova ena? 1. ?
2. Ona se zove ........ . 2. Ona se zove ....... . 2. Ona se zove ........ . 2. ........ .
1. A ta je ona? 1. A to je ona? 1. A ta je ona? 1. A ?
2. Profesorica je. 2. Profesorica je. 2. Profesorka je. 2. o je.

1. Ko je ovaj ovjek? 1. Tko je ovaj ovjek? 1. Ko je ovaj ovek? 1. ?
2. On se zove ........ . 2. On se zove ........ . 2. On se zove ........ . 2. ........ .
1. A ta je on? 1. A to je on? 1. A ta je on? 1. A ?
2. Profesor je. 2. Profesor je. 2. Profesor je. 2. je.
Pick a different name (than the one used in B3) from the list of names given on p. 317. Replace
profesorica [B, C] profesorka [S] with studentica [B,C] studentkinja [S] and then replace profesor with
student. Also try some of the nationalities given in A4.
B7
Analysis and Discussion:
1. Pick three examples of feminine, neuter and masculine nouns used in this lesson.
2. Give three examples of possessive pronominal adjectives used in this lesson.
3. What are the pronouns used in this lesson?
4. Fully conjugate the present tense of the verbs biti and zvati se.
9
DOMAA ZADAA [B,C] DOMAI ZADATAK [S]
[Homework]
Recommendation for written exercises throughout the book: While simply filling in the blank with the
word or words requested will help you learn, you will learn much more if you write each sentence out in
full.
C1
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of zvati se
Example: Kako (ona)? (Sanja) becomes Kako se zove? Zove se Sanja.
Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

1. Kako ........ (ti)? 1. ao ........ ()?
Zovem se ........ . (your name) ........ . (your name)
2. Kako ........ (oni)? 2. ao ........ (o)?

.......George i Mary. ........ .
3. Kako ....... (mi)? 3. ao ........ ()?

....... (your names). ........ (your names).
4. Kako ........ (on)? 4. ao ........ (o)?

........ George. ........ .
5. Kako ........ (vi)? 5. ao ........ ()?

........ (your name[s]). ........ (your name[s]).
C2
Bosnian Croatian
1. Ko je ta ena? 1. Tko je ta ena?
Ona ........ . Ona ........ .
2. Ko je taj ovjek? 2. Tko je taj ovjek?

On ........ . On ........ .
3. ta sam ja? 3. to sam ja?

Vi ........ . Vi ........ .
4. ta sam ja? 4. to sam ja?

Ti ........ . Ti ........ .
5. Ko ste vi? 5. Tko ste vi?

Ja ........ . Ja ........ .
6. Ko ste vi? 6. Tko ste vi?

Mi ........ . Mi ........ .
10
1. Ko je ta ena? 1. ?
Ona ........ . ........ .
2. Ko je taj ovjek? 2. ?
On ........ . O ........ .
3. ta sam ja? 3. ?
Vi ........ . B ........ .
4. ta sam ja? 4. ?
Ti ........ . T ........ .
5. Ko ste vi? 5. ?
Ja ........ . ........ .
6. Ko ste vi? 6. ?
Mi ........ . ........ .
Insert the required form of the verb biti and your choice of: prijatelj [B,C] drug [S], profesor,
profesorica [B,C] profesorka [S], student, studentica [B,C] studentkinja [S] combined with moj, tvoj,
njegov, njen [B,S] njezin [C], na, va, njihov. Write out each question and answer in full.
C3
If this is the answer, what is the question?
1. Zovem se 1. Zovem se 1. Zovem se 1. .
Dubravka. Dubravka. Dubravka. 2. .
2. Pas je moj. 2. Pas je moj. 2. Pas je moj. 3.
3. Maka se zove 3. Maka se zove 3. Maka se zove .
Maca. Maca. Maca. 4. .
4. Moje ime je 4. Moje je ime 4. Moje ime je 5.
George. George. Dord. j.
5. Na hrvatskom se 5. Na hrvatskom se 5. Na hrvatskom se 6.
kae Juraj. kae Juraj. kae Juraj. .
6. Na srpskom se 6. Na srpskom se 6. Na srpskom se 7. Jj .
kae ore. kae ore. kae ore. 8. .
7. I Juraj i ore. 7. I Juraj i ore. 7. I Juraj i ore.
8. Jesam. 8. Jesam. 8. Jesam.
C4
Consult the Cyrillic penmanship guide on p. 319 and work through the practice sheets on pp. 14-17. Then
write the following words out in Cyrillic. Designate the words as B, C, or S where appropriate. Circle the
accent-bearing syllable in each word.
pas prijatelj on profesorica ore to ste

maka ovaj tvoje biljenica sveska Juraj moj
profesor zovu se njihova je drug profesorka teka
tko ime klju papir cipela nae
11
C5
Translate into B, C, or S:
1. I am a student.
2. The American man is a professor.
3. His name is George, and her name is Mary.
4. The dog is her friend.
5. The cat is theirs.
6. The American woman is a professor.
7. Who is that man?
C6
Rehearse A3 outside of class for an in-class performance.
Geografska pitanja [B,C,S] Zemljopisna pitanja [C]

VOCABULARY
Albanija Albania Maarska Hungary

Austrija Austria Makedonija Macedonia
Bosna i Hercegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina more sea
Bugarska Bulgaria pitanja issues
Crna Gor a Montenegro Rumunija [B,S] Romania
geografski, geografsko, geographical Rumunjska [C] Romania
geografska [B,C,S] Slovenija Slovenia
Hrvatska Croatia Srbija Serbia
Italija Italy Vojvodina Vojvodina
Jadransko more Adriatic Sea zemljopisni, zemljopisno, geographical
Kosovo Kosovo zemljopisna [C]
Enter the name of each country or region where it belongs on the blank map on p. 13. Consult the map
at the beginning of the book.
Albanija, Austrija, Bosna i Her cegovina, Bugarska, Crna Gora, Hrvatska, Italija, Jadransko more, Kosovo,
Maarska, Makedonija, Rumunija [B,S] Rumunjska [C], Slovenija, Srbija, Vojvodina.
, , , , , , , ,
, , a, , , , .
The solid line demarcating the boundaries of Kosovoon both the map on the next page and the map on
the inside coverrepresents Kosovo as an independent state. Although this is generally accepted at the
international level, not all countries have recognized this status for Kosovo.
12
13
Cyrillic practice
Below are examples of Cyrillic letters in upper and lower case, with the latter given both in initial and
non-initial position in the word . Each word is given in italics as well. While most letters are similar in
italics, there are a few that are quite different, particularly g: and , d: and , i: and , t: and . See
p. 319 for handwriting guides.
A [A]
[B]
[V]
[G]
[D]
[]
[E]
[]
14
[Z]
[I]
[J]
K []
[L]
[Lj]
[M]
[N]
[Nj]
[O]
15
[P]
[R]
[]
[T]
[]
[U]
[F]
[H] a a
[C]
16
[]
[D]
[]
17
Novi rekvizit i: avionsko pismo, asopis, hemijska olovka [B,S] kemijska olovka [C], majmun, marka,
medved [E] medvjed [J], pero, razglednica, renik [E] rjenik [J].
A1 13,14
VOCABULARY
etvrtak Thursday pisati, piem to write

itati, itam to read ponedeljak Monday
da (clause connector) ponedjeljak Monday
drugi, drugo, druga second raditi, radim to work
ga it (m,n), him renik dictionary
imati, imam to have rjenik dictionary
izvin i; izvin ite [B,S] sorry! roman novel
je it (f), her sreda Wednesday
molim? yes? what? srijeda Wednesday
morati, moram must, to have to subota Saturday
moe sure! O.K. sutra tomorrow
ne not u + Acc on [a day of the week]
nedelja Sunday uiti, uim to study
nedjelja Sunday utorak Tuesday
nego but, rather vebati, vebam to practice
nemati, nemam not to have vidimo se! see you!
odgovor answer vjebati, vjebam to practice
oprosti; oprostite [C] sorry! zajedno together
pero pen eleti, elim to wish, to want
petak Friday eljeti, elim to wish, to want
UITI ZAJEDNO
Bosnian Croatian Serbian Cyrillic

1. Mehmede! 1. Tomislave! 1. !
2. Molim? 2. Molim? 2. ?
1. Ima li teku? 1. Ima li biljenicu? 1. c?
2. Imam je, ali nemam 2. Imam je, ali nemam rjenik. 2. , .
rjenik. Ima li ga ti? Ima li ga ti? a?
1. Rjenik imam, ali teku 1. Rjenik imam, ali biljenicu 1. , c
nemam. eli li da uimo nemam. eli li da uimo .
zajedno sutra? zajedno sutra? ?
2. Sutra, to jest etvrtak? 2. Sutra, to jest etvrtak? 2. , ?
Izvini, ne u etvrtak nego Oprosti, ne u etvrtak nego ,
u petak. u petak. e.
1. Moe! Vidimo se u petak. 1. Moe! Vidimo se u petak. 1. ! .
19
Serbian Latin
1. Nado!
2. Molim?
1. Da li ima svesku?
2. Imam je, ali nemam renik. Da li ga ti ima?
1. Renik imam, ali svesku nemam.
Da li eli da uimo zajedno sutra?
2. Sutra, to jest etvrtak? Izvini, ne u etvrtak nego u petak.
1. Moe! Vidimo se u petak.
Replace uiti with: itati, raditi, pisati, vebati [E] vjebati [J], and etvrtak and petak with
ponedeljak [E] ponedjeljak [J], utorak, sred a [E] srijed a [J], subota, nedelja [E] nedjelja [J].
Replace imati biljenicu [C] svesku [S] teku with pisati pismo; imati renik [E] rjenik [J] with pisati
knjigu.
Replace the italicized pair of words renik [E] rjenik [J] and biljenica* [C] sveska* [S] teka* [B]
above with the following pairs: olovka, pero; pismo, pap ir; pitanje, odgovor; roman, udbenik.
Replace 1st and 2nd person address with 3rd person singular or plural, using verbs and nouns from the
previous replacement exercises.
* Some words which are italicized in the exercise, such as biljenicu, svesku or teku are spelled
differently than they are in the replacement cues given beneath the exercise, which in this instance are
biljenica [C] sveska [S] teka [B]. This is because the replacement clues generally give the word in the
nominative case. In the context of the exercise, however, the words are often in a different case. For
instance biljenicu, svesku or teku are here in the accusative case. The same applies to the pair visokog /
visoki given in A2. The former, in the accusative case, appears in the exercise, while the latter, in the
nominative, is given in the clues below the exercise and in the vocabulary box. See pp. 323-329 for an
overview of case endings.
zGRAMMAR
* Addressing people: the vocative case *
Nouns take different endings to indicate different functions. When a person is being addressed, the ending
-e is often added to a masculine name (for instance, Mehmede!), and the ending -a on a feminine name is
sometimes replaced by -o (for instance, Nado!). [19]
* Accusative case *
The cases of a noun (other than the vocative) express grammatical relations in a sentence. [18] The subject
case is called the nominative, and its singular form is here abbreviated [Nsg]. [20] The case called
accusative expresses, among other things, direct object meaning; its singular form is here abbreviated
[Asg]. [22] To form the accusative of feminine nouns and adjectives, replace the ending -a with -u (Nom.
moja maka, Acc. moju maku). Neuter nouns and many masculine nouns have the same endings in both
cases. For instance, the phrases tvoj udbenik and njegovo pismo could be either Nsg or Asg. [21a]
* Time expressions: days of the week *

To specify that something happens on a particular day of the week, use the preposition u plus the accusative
form of the day in question, as in u etvrtak on Thursday, u subotu on Saturday. [23c]
* Negation *
A verb is negated by placing the particle ne in front of the verb form. It is pronounced together with the
verb as if the two were a single word; in certain instances the accent shifts onto the particle ne. Only a few
verbs have separate negative forms, in which the negative particle fuses with the verb. One of these is
nemati not have (conjugated nemam, nema, etc.), and another is the negative present tense of biti
(nisam, nisi, etc.). [25a]
20
* Present tense of verbs *
The infinitive of a verb usually ends in -ti. There are three present tense conjugations, named after the 3rd
singular ending, which can be -a, -i or -e. The 1st and 2nd person forms simply add -m, -, -mo or -te to this
ending, but the 3d plural ending in each case is different. [13] Here are sample conjugations:
a-conjugation i-conjugation e-conjugation

imati to have uiti to study pisati to write
imam imamo 1st uim uimo 1st piem piemo
ima imate 2nd ui uite 2nd pie piete
ima imaju 3rd ui ue 3rd pie piu
singular plural singular plural singular plural
When the present tense is directly predictable from an infinitive in -iti or -ati, as in the above examples,
there is no need to learn it specifically. But in those verbs where the present tense stem is not predictable
from the infinitive, it must be learned specifically. For example: infinitive pisati, present tense piem; or
infinitive zvati but present tense zovem. [14] Vocabulary entries for verbs give infinitive and 1st sg pres.
For an overview of conjugation forms, see Appendix 6, pp. 333-339.
* The conjunction da *
When two verbs are used in succession, English frequently expresses the second by an infinitive, as in We
want TO STUDY or I want us TO STUDY. In B, C, and S the way such infinitives are expressed depends on
several factors. When the two verbs have the same subject, as in the first example, C and S differ. C almost
always uses an infinitive for the second verb (elimo uiti) while S usually uses a sequence of da plus
present tense (elimo da uimo), though it can also use the infinitive. B uses both more or less equally.
[26c] When the two verbs have different subjects, however, the second verb can only be expressed by a
phrase containing the conjunction da and the present tense, as in elim da uimo I want us to study. [26b]
* Variant forms: ijekavian and ekavian *

A number of words can occur either with the vowel -e- or with the sequence -je- (sometimes -ije). Any one
speaker will use either the former type (called ekavian) or the latter (called ijekavian). Both are given
in vocabulary lists without marks; elsewhere they are identified [E] (ekavian) and [J] (ijekavian). B and C
use only ijekavian, while S uses both ekavian and ijekavian depending on the region (ekavian throughout
most of Serbia, and ijekavian in Bosnia, southwestern Serbia and Montenegro). There is no difference in
meaning. It is important to realize that not all instances of -e- or -ije- are affected; for instance, the words
meso meat and pijem I drink are the same throughout B, C, and S. The relevant instances must be
learned individually. [3]
* Object pronouns, clitic forms *

There are two types of accusative singular plural
case object pronouns clitic nominative accusative nominative accusative
(short form) and full (long
form). The clitics, which are used 1st ja me mi nas
in most instances, are unaccented 2nd ti te vi vas
and come in second position in 3rd masc. on ga oni ih
the sentence. In 3rd singular the 3rd neut. ono ga ona ih
same form is used for masculine 3rd fem. ona je, ju one ih
and neuter. In 3rd plural the same
form is used in all three genders. [24a]
There are two forms for the feminine singular accusative, je and ju. Croatian uses both, more or less
interchangeably. [64] Bosnian and Serbian, however, use ju only in certain past tense constructions (see p.
143). For now, those focusing on B and S should learn je as the feminine accusative singular.
21
A2 15,16
VOCABULARY
a! aha! njega him, it

brz, brzo, brza speedy, fast nju her, it
drag, drago, draga dear onaj, ono, ona that
gledati, gledam to watch rav, ravo, rava [S] bad
glup, glupo, glupa stupid ruan, runo, runa ugly
gospodin gentleman, man srean, sreno, srena [S] happy, lucky
gospoa lady, madam sretan, sretno, sretna [B,C] happy, lucky
koga whom stvarno really
lahak, lahko, lahka [B] light [not heavy], easy teak, teko, teka heavy, difficult
lak, lako, lak a [B,C,S] light [not heavy], easy tuan, tuno, tuna sad
lep, lepo, lep a beautiful, nice velik, veliko, velika big, large
lijep, lijepo, lijepa beautiful, nice videti, vidim to see
lo, loe, loa [B,C,S] bad vidjeti, vidim to see
mali, malo, mala small visok, visoko, visoka tall
nizak, nisko, niska short, low zaista indeed, really
KOGA VIDI?
Bosnian and Croatian Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

1. ........ ! Onaj ovjek je 1. ........ ! Onaj ovek je 1. ........ !
stvarno visok! stvarno visok! !
2. Molim? Kog a vidi? 2. Molim? Kog a vidi? 2. ? ?
1. Vidim onog visokog 1. Vidim onog visokog oveka. 1.
ovjeka. 2. A, njega! Zaista je visok! .
2. A, njega! Zaista je visok! 2. , ! !
Replace ovek [E] ovjek [J] with gospodin, gospoa, profesor, student; visoki* with brzi, dobri,
dragi, glupi, lahki [B] laki [B,C,S], lepi [E] lijepi [J], loi [B,C,S] ravi [B,S], mali, niski, runi, slatki,
sreni [S] sretni [B,C], teki, tuni, veliki. Replace videti [E] vidjeti [J] with gledati. Replace njega with
nju where appropriate.
[* See boxed explanation on p. 20]
zGRAMMAR
* Accusative case of animate nouns *
Masculine nouns denoting animate beings have a different ending in the accusative case. The noun ending
is -a and the adjective ending is -og; for instance Nom visoki stud ent, Acc visokog studenta. [21a] The
accusative case of both ko and tko who is koga. [21c]
* Object pronouns, full forms *

Full form object pronouns are singular plural
accented and can occur in any nominative accusative nominative accusative
sentence position. Use them as 1st ja mene mi nas
the object of a preposition or to 2nd ti tebe vi vas
indicate emphasis. [24] Like the 3rd masc. on njega oni njih
clitic pronouns, the same form 3rd neut. ono njega ona njih
is used for 3rd singular ona nju one njih
3rd fem.
masculine/neuter, and a single
form is used for all three genders in 3rd plural.
22
Note: The letters [B,C,S] placed after the word lo signal two things: first, that the word is used throughout
BCS; and second, that there is an alternate way to express the same idea which is used over a more
restricted area. The alternate word is rav, and the marking [S] after it means that it is used in S only.
Likewise, the notation lahak [B] alongside lak [B,C,S] means that B has two ways to express the idea
easy, light but that C and S have only the one. The case of njen [B,C,S] and njzin [C] is similar: C can
use either word as the pronominal adjective her, hers while B and S use only njen in this meaning.
* Demonstrative pronominal adjectives *

The English words this and that correspond to three different pronominal adjectives in BCS. One, ovaj,
means this [close by]; another, onaj, means that [far away]; and the third, taj, covers the neutral ground
in between. It is translated either this or that depending on the context. Like all adjectives, these
pronominal adjectives must change forms to agree with the noun to which they refer. [11b]
* Fleeting vowels in adjectives *

The masculine nominative singular form of many adjectives ends in a consonant preceded by -a. This -a- is
called a fleeting vowel because it disappears in all other forms of the adjective; for instance pametan,
pametno, pametna. If this vowel appears in the suffix -ak, its loss will sometimes cause the preceding
consonant to shift to another consonant; for instance nizak, nisko, niska. [16b]
Note: The S presented in this book is the language of the cultural centers of Serbia, which is ekavian. The
language of Serbs outside Serbia (and in parts of southwestern Serbia), and the language of Montenegrins,
is ijekavian. To learn this form of S, which is discussed and exemplified at various points throughout this
book, learn material in the S column, while also checking the corresponding B column for ijekavian forms.
The Neretva River, Bosnia and Herzegovina
The town of Rab on the island of Rab, Croatia
23
A3 17,18
VOCABULARY
beo, belo, bela white medved bear

bijel, bijelo, bijela white medvjed bear
boja color plav, plavo, plava blue
brat brother otac, oca father
crn, crno, crn a black ovde here
crven, crveno, crven a red ovdje here
crvena boja the color red pas, psa dog
dobro good, O.K. sestra sister
ej! hey! sve all, everything
film movie voleti, volim to love; to like (I)
fin, fino, fina fine voljeti, volim to love; to like (I)
kupiti, kupim to buy (P) za + Acc for
kupovati, kupujem to buy (I) zato why
majka mother zato to because
majmun monkey ut, uto, uta yellow
KUPUJEM PSA

1. Ej, ta radi? 1. Ej, to radi? 1. Ej, ta radi? 1. j, ?
2. Kupujem psa za 2. Kupujem psa za 2. Kupujem psa za 2.
mog brata. moga brata. mog brata. .
1. Ovog utog ovdje? 1. Ovoga utog ovdje? 1. Ovog utog ovde? 1. ?
2. Ne, onog crvenog 2. Ne, onoga crvenog 2. Ne, onog crvenog 2. ,
tamo. tamo. tamo. .
1. Zato ne eli da 1. Zato ne eli kupiti 1. Zato ne eli da 1.
kupi utog psa? utoga psa? kupi utog psa? ?
2. Zato to moj brat 2. Zato to moj brat 2. Zato to moj brat 2.
voli crvenu boju! voli crvenu boju! voli crvenu boju! !
1. Dobro, i crveni je 1. Dobro, i crveni je 1. Dobro, i crveni je 1. ,
fin! fin! fin! !
Replace crveni and uti with beli [E] bijeli [J], crni, dobri, lepi [E] lijepi [J], plavi; replace pas with
auto, cipela, maka, majmun, medved [E] medvjed [J]. Replace pas with film, using adjectives listed in
A2. Replace brat with ti, ona, oni, vi, sestra, majka, otac.
zGRAMMAR
* Accusative of animate masculines and fleeting vowels *
As seen in the previous lesson, masculine nouns referring to animate beings take the ending -a in the
accusative case. Some such nouns also have a fleeting vowel in the final syllable. This vowel is lost before
the ending -a, for instance Nom pas, Acc psa. Sometimes, as in the case of otac (Acc oca) father, the
stem changes further when this vowel is lost. [21b] When fleeting vowels are present, the Acc sg of a
masculine noun is given in vocabulary listings.
24
* Verbal aspect, introduction *
There are two BCS verbs for most verbal ideas, a concept known as verbal aspect. One of these two
verbs refers to a single action in terms of actual or envisioned completion, and is called the perfective
aspect. The other refers to repeated action, a single action in progress, or the general idea of an action, and
is called the imperfective aspect. The two verbs have the same basic dictionary meaning, and almost
always share the same root, as in kupiti buy [perfective] vs. kupovati buy [imperfective]. Henceforth
these two categories are noted (P) and (I), respectively, in vocabulary listings. [28]
* Prepositions *
Prepositions require that a specific case follow them. Among the prepositions which require the accusative
case are za, which nearly always corresponds to English for, [23b] and u, which when followed by the
name of a weekday means on that day of the week. [23c] The names of weekdays are not capitalized.
* Long and short adjectives *

Most adjectives have both short and long forms. Some adjectives, such as mali little, adjectives in -ski,
and certain others, have only the long form; others, including pronominal adjectives such as njegov his,
have only short forms. Most, however have both long and short forms. The difference is most clearly seen
in masculine nominative singular, as in brz (short) vs. brzi (long). Feminine and neuter distinguish short
from long only in the final vowel, as in brza (short) vs. brza (long); sometimes there is an accentual
difference as well, as in crvena (short) vs. crvena (long). [17] Only the short form is given in vocabulary
lists, but the long form is also given in the BCS-English glossary if there is an accentual difference between
the two. Long forms are given in replacement cues beneath exercises. There is relatively little difference in
meaning between long and short forms (for more discussion, see p. 37). Although one should always use
the short forms after the verb to be, as in onaj pas je crn that dog is black, the long forms are used in
most other instances. [17b] There is also a longer form, made by adding an extra -a to the long adjective
ending -og, used more commonly in C. For more about this longer form, see the grammar section, Long
and longer adjectives, on p. 54.
* Adjectives ending in -o *
The masculine short form of some adjectives ends in -o, but the stem of all other forms ends in -l; for
instance, debeo, deb elo, deb ela fat. The word for white also belongs to this group in ekavian; for
instance, beo, belo, bela. In ijekavian, however, the masculine form ends in -l: bijel, bijelo, bijela. [16c]
* Verbs in -ovati *
Verbs whose infinitive ends in -ovati replace the sequence -ova-
of the infinitive by the sequence -uj- in the present tense. [14e] kupovati buy
There are a number of relatively common verbs with this kupujem kupujemo
conjugation. Among them is the verb kupovati to buy, whose kupuje kupujete
conjugation is given to the right. Students must pay particular kupuje kupuju
attention to this difference between infinitive and present tense!
The countryside in the umadija region near Aranelovac, Serbia
25
A4 19,20
VOCABULARY
abecedna biljenica [C] wordlist notebook jutro morning

abecedna tek a [B] wordlist notebook kasa [S] cash register
abecedni [B,C,S] alphabetical kemijska olovka [C] ballpoint pen
amer iki, ameriko, amerika American lepo nicely
avionsko pismo airmail letter lijepo nicely
azbuna sveska [S] wordlist notebook odlino excellent
azbuni [S] alphabetical marka stamp
blagajna [B,C] cash register moi, mogu, moete to be able, can (I)
asopis magazine molim vas please
dobro jutro good morning molim lepo youre welcome
dovienja goodbye molim lijepo youre welcome
francuski, francusko, fran cuska French nemaki, nemako, nemaka German
gramatika grammar njemaki, njemako, njemaka German
hemijska olovka [B,S] ballpoint pen obian, obino, obina ordinary
hvala thank you ovakav, ovakvo, ovakva this kind
hvala lijepa [C] thanks so much papirnica stationery store
hvala lepo [S] thanks so much platiti, platim to pay
hvala lijepo [B,C,S] thanks so much pogledati, pogledam to take a look (I)
izvolite! may I help you? razglednica picture postcard
izvolite! here you are! svakako certainly
PAPIRNICA
Bosnian Croatian
1. Dobar dan! 1. Dobar dan!
2. Dobar dan, izvolite! 2. Dobar dan, izvolite!
1. Molim vas, imate li novi njemaki udbenik? 1. Molim vas, imate li novi njemaki udbenik?
2. Imamo ga. elite li ga? 2. Imamo ga. elite li ga?
1. Hvala, svakako, i elim kupiti obinu olovku. 1. Hvala, svakako, i elim kupiti obinu olovku.
2. elite li ovakvu utu? Lijepo pie. 2. elite li ovakvu utu? Lijepo pie.
1. Odlino! A mogu li kupiti abecednu teku za 1. Odlino! A mogu li kupiti abecednu
rjenik ovdje? biljenicu za rjenik ovdje?
2. Imamo je. elite li pogledati? Izvolite. 2. Imamo je. elite li pogledati? Izvolite.
1. Hvala lijepo! To je sve. Mogu li platiti? 1. Hvala lijepa! To je sve. Mogu li platiti?
2. Molim lijepo. Ovdje je blag ajna. 2. Molim lijepo. Ovdje je blag ajna.
1. [#1 pays] Dovienja! 1. [#1 pays] Dovienja!
2. Dovienja! 2. Dovienja!
26
1. Dobar dan! 1. !
2. Dobar dan, izvolite! 2. , !
1. Molim vas, da li imate novi nemaki 1. ,
udbenik? ?
2. Imamo ga. Da li ga elite? 2. . ?
1. Hvala, svakako, i elim da kupim obinu 1. , ,
olovku. .
2. Da li elite ovakvu utu? Lepo pie. 2. ? .
1. Odlino! A da li mogu da kupim azbunu 1. !
svesku za renik ovde? ?
2. Imamo je. Da li je elite pogledati? Izvolite. 2. . ?
1. Hvala lepo! To je sve. Da li mogu da .
platim? 1. ! .
2. Molim lepo. Ovde je kas a. ?
1. [#1 pays] Dovienja! 2. . .
2. Dovienja! 1. [#1 pays] !
2. !
Replace dobar dan with dobro jutro, nemaki [E] njem aki [J] udbenik with amer iki asopis,
francuska gramatika; replace obina olovka with fino pero, hemijska [B,S] kemijska [C] olovka; replace
abecedna [B,C,S] azbuna [S] biljenica [C] sveska [S] teka [B] with jedna avionska marka, jedno
avionsko pismo, razglednica.
Practice this as a skit, using some of the words above as replacements. Note that the end of the
recorded version is slightly different than the textbook version. There will be several such minor
discrepancies in the recordings of other lessons.
Self-study learners: Pay attention both to the verb eleti [E] eljeti [J], and to the endings of nouns
and adjectives that specifically mark them as masculine, neuter, and feminine. Look at the verbs you have
used so far and mark them as to whether they belong to the a-, i-, or e- conjugation, using as a guide the
verb table on p. 21.
Daytime greetings: People greet each other with Dobro jutro from early morning to 10:00 a.m. After
that Dobar dan is used, until just before 6:00 p.m. when evening is considered to begin.
zGRAMMAR
* Addressing people: politeness formulas *
Various politeness formulas take different endings depending on how one normally addresses the person in
question. In the meaning excuse me, one says oprosti or izvin i to a person one addresses as ti, and
oprostite or izvinite to a person (or people) one addresses as vi. Another word in this category, which means
either May I help you? or Here you are (depending on the context) is izvoli / izvolite. [15]
* The verb moi *

The verb meaning can, be able is slightly irregular. The 1st singular
and 3rd plural forms differ only in accent and vowel length. [14f] The moi can, be able
3rd singular form of this verb has two meanings: s/he can and the mogu moemo
more impersonal OK, fine, possible. Here is the conjugation: moe moete
moe mogu
27
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
1. Jasna! 1. Jasna! 1. Jasna! 1. Jasna!
2. Molim? 2. Molim? 2. Molim? 2. ?
1. Je li ta maka 1. Je li ta maka 1. Da li je ta maka 1.
moja? elim da moja? elim imati moja? elim da ?
imam crnu maku. crnu maku. imam crnu maku. .
2. Ne, moja je, nije 2. Ne, moja je, nije 2. Ne, moja je, nije 2. , ,
tvoja! tvoja! tvoja! !
1. Jesmo li prijatelji? 1. Jesmo li prijatelji? 1. Da li smo drugovi? 1. ?
ta je tvoje, to je i to je tvoje, to je i ta je tvoje, to je i a ,
moje! Ovo je naa moje! Ovo je naa moje! Ovo je naa !
crna maka. crna maka. crna maka. .
Instead of maka and crna maka use dobra knjiga, mala olovka, lepi [E] lijepi [J] udbenik.
Replace moja and tvoja with njena [B,C,S] njezina [C], njegova, njihova.
B2
1. Vidi li onog 1. Vidi li onog 1. Da li vidi onog 1.
niskog gospodina? niskog gospodina? niskog gospodina? ?
2. Da, vidim i niskog 2. Da, vidim i niskog 2. Da, vidim i niskog 2. ,
gospodina i nisku gospodina i nisku gospodina i nisku
gospou. gospou. gospou. .
Instead of niski gospodin and niska gospoa use slatka maka, slatki pas; runi profesor, runa
profesorica [B,C] profesorka [S]; tuni Kanaanin, tuna Kanaanka; dragi Bosanac, draga Bosanka or
dragi Hrvat, draga Hrvatica or dragi Srbin, draga Srpkinja; brzi Amerikanac, brza Amerik anka.
B3
1. Je li ovaj mali pas 1. Je li ovaj mali pas 1. Da li je ovaj mali 1.
za mene? za mene? pas za mene? ?
2. Nije. Mali pas je 2. Nije. Mali pas je 2. Nije. Mali pas je za 2. j .
za onog studenta za onog studenta onog studenta .
tamo. tamo. tamo. 1. ,
1. Izvinite, elim 1. Oprostite, elim 1. Izvinite, elim .
vaeg velikog psa. vaeg velikog psa. vaeg velikog psa. 2. .
2. Ne moe. Veliki 2. Ne moe. Veliki 2. Ne moe. Veliki pas .
pas je moj. pas je moj. je moj.
Instead of mali and veliki pas, use a) plavi and crveni renik [E] rjenik [J], b) teko and lahko [B]
lako [B,C,S] pitanje. Replace onaj student with loi profesor, runi ovek [E] ovjek [J], visoka ena.
28
B4
Fill in the blanks with words for the weekdays. For the remaining blanks in the even-numbered sentences,
choose one verb from column A and one noun from column B to complete the sentence.
A B
kupiti pas, maka, majmun, medved [E] medvjed [J],
pisati domaa zadaa [B,C] domai zadatak [S]
itati knjiga, asopis, novine,
vebati [E] vjbati [J] bosanska or hrvatska vjeba or srpska veba,
uiti ruski or nemaki [E] njemaki [J] jezik,
gledati film
Bosnian Croatian
1. ta elite raditi u ........ ? 1. to elite raditi u ........ ?
(ponedjeljak) (poned jeljak)
2. U ........ elimo ........ . 2. U ........ elimo ........ .
(poned jeljak) (poned jeljak)
3. ta eli da radimo u ........ ? 3. to eli da radimo u ........ .
(utorak) (utorak)
4. U ........ elim ........ . 4. U ........ elim ........ .
(utorak) (utorak)
5. ta eli da studenti rade u ........ ? 5. to eli da studenti rade u ........ ?
(srijeda) (srijed a)
6. U ........ elim ........ . 6. U ........ elim ........ .
(srijeda) (srijeda)
7. ta eli da Sanja radi u ........ ? 7. to eli da Sanja radi u ........ ?
(etvrtak) (etvrtak)
8. U ........ elim ........ . 8. U ........ elim ........ .
(etvrtak) (etvrtak)
9. ta eli raditi u ........? 9. to eli raditi u ........ ?
(petak) (petak)
10. U ........ elim ........ . 10. U ........ elim ........ .
(petak) (petak)
11. A ta eli da radim u ........ ? 11. A to eli da radim u ........ ?
(subota) (subota)
12. U ........ elim ........ . 12. U ........ elim ........ .
(subota) (subota)

1. ta elite da radite u ........ ? 1. ........ ?
(ponedeljak) ()
2. U ........ elimo ........ . 2. ........ ........ .
(ponedeljak) ()
3. ta eli da radimo u ........ ? 3. ........ ?
(utorak) ()
4. U ........ elim ........ . 4. ........ ........ .
(utorak) ()
5. ta eli da studenti rade u ........ ? 5. ........ ?
(sreda) (a)
6. U ........ elim ........ . 6. ........ ........ .
(sreda) (a)
29
7. ta eli da Sanja radi u ........ ? 7. C ........?
(etvrtak) ()
8. U ........ elim ........ . 8. ........ ........ .
(etvrtak) ()
9. ta eli da radi u ........ ? 9. ........ ?
(petak) ()
10. U ........ elim ........ . 10. ........ ........ .
(petak) ()
11. A ta eli da radim u ........ ? 11. ........ ?
(subota) (a)
12. U ........ elim ........ . 12. ........ ........ .
(subota) (a)
ponedjeljak utorak srijeda etvrtak petak subota nedjelja

ponedeljak sreda nedelja
Construct a chart like this, filling in the activities described for each day above. Then make a calendar
describing your own week.
B5
1. Moe li gledati film u 1. Da li moe da gleda film 1.
utorak? u utorak? ?
2. Ne mogu. Moram uiti. 2. Ne mogu. Moram da uim. 2. . .
1. Moe li u petak? 1. Da li moe u petak? 1. ?
2. Mogu u srijedu. 2. Mogu u sredu. 2. .
1. Odlino! Onda se vidimo 1. Odlino! Onda se vidimo u 1. O!
u srijedu. sredu. .
Replace gledati and film with a) itati and velika knjiga; b) kupiti and pas; c) pisati and teko pismo;
d) uiti and bosanski jezik, hrvatski jezik or srpski jezik. Replace uiti with a) itati and nemaki [E]
njemaki [J] asopis; b) pisati and roman; c) vebati [E] vjebati [J] and bosanski jezik, hrvatski jezik or
srpski jezik. Replace the italicized days of the week with other weekdays.
B6
Questions to ask each other, using phrases and vocabulary from 2A1, 2A3 and 2A4:
A1 [B,C] Zato studenti ele uiti zajedno?

[S] Zato studenti ele da ue zajedno?
A3 [B,S] Zato #2 kupuje crvenog psa za brata?

[C] Zato #2 kupuje crvenoga psa za brata?
A4 [B] Zato #1 eli kupiti njemaki udbenik, obinu olovku i abecednu teku?
[C] Zato #1 eli kupiti njemaki udbenik, obinu olovku i abecednu biljenicu?
[S] Zato #1 eli da kupi nemaki udbenik, obinu olovku i azbunu svesku?
30
B7
Read this paragraph to one another out loud in class, alternating sentences. Then read it again, having
changed it so that the subjects are plural: two women and two men.
Bosnian
Emina ne eli da ui u nedjelju. Ona eli gledati film. Ali mora uiti! ita udbenik, pie domau
zadau i vjebu. Njen prijatelj Mehmed je zove. On el i gledati jedan dobar bosanski film. Da li
ga mogu gledati zajedno? Ona eli, ali ne moe. Mora uiti. On a mora uiti i u utorak i u srijedu,
ali moe gledati film u petak. Mehmed mora raditi u petak. On moe gledati film u subotu. I ona
moe u subotu.
Croatian
Jasna ne eli uiti u nedjelju. Ona eli gledati film. Ali mora uiti! Ona ita udbenik, pie
domau zadau i vjebu. Njezin prijatelj Goran ju zove. On eli gledati jedan dobar hrv atski film.
Mogu li ga gledati zajedno? Ona eli, ali ne moe. Mora uiti. On a mora uiti i u utorak i u
srijedu, ali moe gledati film u petak. Goran mora raditi u petak. On moe gledati film u subotu. I
ona moe u subotu.
Serbian Latin
Nad a ne eli da ui u nedelju. Ona eli da gleda film. Ali mora da ui! Ona ita udbenik, pie
domai zadatak i vebu. Njen prijatelj Tomislav je zov e. On eli da gleda jedan dobar srpski film.
Da li mogu da ga gledaju zajedno? Ona eli, ali ne moe. Mora da ui. Ona mora da ui i u utorak
i u sredu, ali moe da gleda film u petak. Tomislav mora da radi u petak. On moe da gleda film u
subotu. I ona moe u subotu.
Serbian Cyrillic
. . !
, . .
. ? , . .
, .
. . .
The Montenegrin coast near Boka Kotorska
31
C1
Form questions and answers according to the following example:
a. ta imam i ta nemam? [B,S] to imam i to nemam? [C]
b. Imam papir ali nemam olovku.
Write out six other versions of this question and answer pair. Replace the italicized forms in the question
with other forms of imati and nemati (using you, he, they, etc.), and replace the nouns papir and
olovka in the answer with words from the following list.
rjenik [J] teka [B] pitanje klju

renik [E] roman odgovor cipela
biljenica [C] udbenik pismo vjeba [J]
sveska [S] pero papir veba [E]
C2
Each set of parentheses contains a noun plus the masculine singular form of various adjectives.
1) Put each noun into the accusative form, and change the adjectives to match the noun both in case and
gender. Example:
Koga vidi? Vidim ........ (onaj, visoki, stud entica)
Vidim onu visoku studenticu.
2) Then rewrite the sentences replacing each noun (or adjective + noun) with the appropriate clitic
pronoun. Example:
Vidim onog studenta becomes Vidim ga
a. Kog a vidi? a. ?
Vidim ........ (na, visoki, profesor). ........ (, , ).
Vidim ........ (tvoj, dobar, prijateljica). ........ (, , ).
b. [B,S] ta vidi? [C] to vidi? b. ?

Vidim ........ (va, crveni, auto). ........ (, , ).
Vidim ........ (njegov, crni, maka). ........ (, , ).
Vidim ........ (na, mali pas). ........ (, , ).
Vidim ........ (moj, bosanski, knjiga). ........ (, , ).
Vidim ........ (tvoj, veliki, rjenik). ........ (, , ).
Vidim ........ (taj, plavi, blagajna). ........ (a, , ).
c. [B,S] ta oni piu? [C] to oni piu? c. ?

Oni piu ........ (jedan, pismo). ........ (a, ).
d. [B,S] ta ita? [C] to ita? d. ?

itam ........ (ovaj, tuni, knjiga). ........ (j, , ).
itam ........ (na, bosanski, asopis). ........ (, , ).
32
C3
Fill in each blank with the correct form of the pronoun given in parentheses.
1. Ovo pismo je za ........ (vi). 1. ........ ().

2. Ona crna maka je za ........ (ja). 2. ........ ().
3. Taj pas je za ........ (on). 3. ........ ().
4. Bijela knjiga je za ........ (ona). 4. ........ ().
5. Veliki udbenik je za ........ (oni) 5. e ........ ().
6. Crvena olovka je za ........ (mi). 6. ........ ().
C4
Identify the subject of each of the sentences below, and then translate the sentences into English.
1. Njega vidim, ali nju ne vidim. 1. , e .

2. Psa gledaju mali maj mun i velika maka. 2. .
3. Imamo li je? 3. ?
4. Kako se kae teka na srpskom? 4. ?
5. Gledamo ga, ali on nas ne vidi. 5. , .
6. Vidi li onog dobrog ovjeka? 6. a?
C5
Read these words aloud. After each word write its meaning, and then give the appropriate grammatical
information for the form of the word: if it is a noun or adjective, state case and gender; and if a verb, state
person and number.

a

a

a
33
VOCABULARY
bosanski, bosansko, bosanska Bosnian hrvatski, hrvatsko, hrvatska Croatian

crnogorski, crnogorsko, crnogorska Montenegrin srpski, srpsko, srpska Serbian
glavni grad capital [city]
Consult the map at the beginning of the book and fill in the blanks with the appropriate city names.
1. ........ . 1. Hrvatski glavni grad je ........ .

2. ........ . 2. Srpski glavni grad je ........ .
3. ........ . 3. Crnogorski glavni grad je ........ .
4. ........ . 4. Bosanski glavni grad je ........ .
34
A1 21,22
VOCABULARY
broj; brojevi number na + Acc on, onto

danas today osoba person
fino fine pitati, pitam to ask (I)
grozno awful poznavati, poznajem to be acquainted with (I)
jako very, strongly strano terribly
jedan, jedno, jedna one super great, terrific
jedni some tako so, thus
jutros this morning tako-tako so-so
loe badly traiti, traim to seek, to search for (I)
ljudi people trei, tree, trea third
misliti, mislim to think (I) veer as this evening
misliti na to think of (I) vrlo very
mukarac, mukar ca man
KAKO STE?

1. ........ ! 1. ........ ! 1. ........ !
2. Molim? 2. Molim? 2. ?
1. Kako si? 1. Kako si? 1. ?
2. Dobro, a ti? 2. Dobro, a ti? 2. , ?
1. Odlino. 1. Odlino. 1. .
2. Ko su ti ljudi? 2. Tko su ti ljudi? 2. ?
1. Oni tamo? Oni su nai 1. Oni tamo? Oni su nai 1. ?
prijatelji. Zovu se Jas min i prijatelji. Zovu se Darko i .
Jasna. Anka. .
2. Ne. Ne mislim na Jasmina i 2. Ne. Ne mislim na Darka i 2. .
Jasnu. Njih poznajem. Anku. Njih poznajem. . .
Nego ko su oni mukarci Nego tko su oni mukarci ?
tamo? tamo? 1. ! .
1. Ah! Njih ne poznajem. 1. Ah! Njih ne poznajem. ?
Zato pita? Zato pita? 2. a
2. Pitam zato to traim jednu 2. Pitam zato to traim jednu .
osobu. osobu. 1. ?
1. Kako se zove? 1. Kako se zove? 2. .
2. Zove se Emir Begovi. 2. Zove se Ivan Boi. 1. -
1. Poznajem Emira Begovia. 1. Poznajem Ivana Boia. a. ,
On nije danas ovdje, ali On nije danas ovdje, ali .
imam njegov broj. imam njegov broj. 1. ! !
2. Vrlo dobro! Hvala! 2. Vrlo dobro! Hvala! 2. !
1. Molim! 1. Molim!
35
Serbian Latin
1. ........ ?
2. Molim?
1. Kako si?
2. Dobro, a ti?
1. Odlino.
2. Ko su ti ljudi?
1. Oni tamo? Oni su nai drugovi. Zovu se Mirko i Jovan.
2. Ne. Ne mislim na Mirka i Jovana. Njih poznajem. Nego ko su oni mukarci tamo?
1. Ah! Njih ne poznajem. Zato pita?
2. Pitam zato to traim jednu osobu.
1. Kako se zove?
2. Zove se Milorad Jovanovi.
1. Poznajem Milorada Jovanovia. On nije danas ovde, ali imam njegov broj.
2. Vrlo dobro! Hvala!
1. Molim!
Replace dobro and odlino with fino, grozno, loe, strano, super, tako-tako.
Replace mukarac with ena. Replace the mans name Em ir Begovi [B] Ivan Boi [C] Milorad
Jovanovi [S] with a womans name: Amila Begovi [B] Ankica Radi [C] Mirjana Jovanovi [S], and
along with the change of name, change njegov to njen [B,C,S] njezin [C].
Replace danas with veeras, jutros.
Make this into a plural version: use a womans and mans name, and replace njegov with njihov.
Play this conversation as a performance.
Self-study learners: Find all the instances in the above conversation of subject pronouns (ja, ti, on, etc.)
and find all the instances where such pronouns could have been used but were not. Finally, find the object
pronouns and determine whether they are long or short forms.
zGRAMMAR
* Nominative plural of nouns *
The nominative plural ending is -i for most masculine nouns and -e for most feminine nouns. It is -a for all
neuter nouns. [32a] Masculine monosyllabic nouns usually add -ov- before the plural ending. [32e] If the
final consonant is one of a group called soft, [32f] such a noun will add -ev-. Masculine nouns which
have fleeting -a- in their stem lose it before the Nom.pl. ending. [32c] Here are examples:
masculine neuter feminine

Nominative singular student grad broj Amerikanac pitanje sestra
Nominative plural studenti gradovi brojevi Amerikanci pitanja sestre
* Nominative plural of adjectives *

All adjectives, including descriptive adjectives such masculine sg visok njihov taj
as visoki tall, possessive pronominal adjectives
such as njihov theirs, and demonstratives such as masculine pl visoki njihovi ti
taj this / that, have the same endings in the nomi- neuter pl visoka njihova ta
native plural as the nouns they refer to. [32a] feminine pl visoke njihove te
* The words meaning person, people *

The plural of ovek [E] ovjek [J] is ljudi Put differently, the word ovek [E] ovjek [J] person occurs
only in the singular, and the word ljudi people only in the plural. [37c] There is another word meaning
person, which is osoba (plural osobe)
36
* Conjugation of poznavati *
know, be
As seen in the conjugation given to the right, verbs with poznavati
acquainted with
infinitives ending in -znavati replace the sequence -ava- of
poznajem poznajemo
the infinitive by the sequence -aj- in the present tense. This
type of conjugation is also found in the verb davati give, as poznaje poznajete
well as in many verbs ending in -davati. Thus, the present poznaje poznaju
tense of davati is dajem, daje, daje, dajemo, dajete, daju.
[30a]
* Long-form pronouns used for emphasis *

Long form pronouns occur primarily as objects of prepositions. But they are also used to convey emphasis.
Used in the latter meaning, they most frequently occur at the beginning of a sentence. [24b]
* Case forms of personal names *

Most mens names end in a consonant or -o, and most womens names end in -a. In the accusative case,
names take the same endings as masculine and feminine nouns, respectively. Family names, both mens
and womens, usually end in a consonant. Mens family names take masculine case ending but womens
family names do not change. One says, therefore, poznajem Marka Ilia, but poznajem Anu Ili. [37a]
* Adverbs *
Adverbs describe a state (as in dobro sam Im fine) or an action (as in dobro pie s/he writes well).
BCS adverbs are almost always identical in form to Nom.sg. neuter adjectives. Thus if one knows that the
adjective lo means bad, one can derive the adverb loe badly (and vice versa). One can predict that
fino, the adverbial form meaning fine! is equivalent to the Nom.sg. neuter form of the adjective fin
fine. Henceforth adverbs will not be given separately in vocabulary lists. [35]
* The word for one *

The word jedan one is an adjective and must agree with its noun. It can mean either the number one (as
in imam samo jednu olovku I have only one pencil) or the indefinite article (as in traim jednu osobu
Im looking for a [specific] person). When used in the plural, jedni means some. Note that whereas
English can use the word one to replace a noun (as in that long ONE is mine), BCS uses only the long
form of the adjective (thus, onaj dugi je moj). [36c] In a few instances, the distinction between long and
short adjectives in BCS is parallel to that between English the and a/an, as seen in sentences like imam
nov udbenik I have A new textbook vs. novi udbenik je dobar THE new textbook is good. Students
should avoid this parallel, however, as it fails to hold in the majority of cases. Long adjectives are used in
many instances where English would use a/an (even in phrases after jedan such as jedan veliki grad
one/a big city); furthermore there are quite a few BCS adjectives which have only long forms. The safest
rule is to use short forms after to be, and long forms everywhere else.
Textbooks
Paints and varnishes
37
A2 23,24
VOCABULARY
divan, divno, divna marvelous pravi, pravo, prava real

jesen (f) autumn, fall prozor window
kroz + Acc through radost (f) joy
laku no good night re (f) word
ljubav (f) love rije (f) word
matematika mathematics trenutak [B,C,S] moment
momenat [B,S] moment vee [B,S] evening
no (f) night veer [C] (f) evening
onda then ve but, rather
poezija poetry velik, veliko, velika great
LAKU NO!
Bosnian Croatian
1. Dobro vee, ta radite? 1. Dobra veer, to radite?
2. Gledam kroz prozor. Kako je divna no! 2. Gledam kroz prozor. Kako je divna no!
1. Zaista jeste. Pravi je momenat za veliku 1. Zaista jest. Pravi je trenutak za veliku
ljubav! ljubav!
2. Ne mislim na ljubav, ve na poeziju. 2. Ne mislim na ljubav, ve na poeziju.
1. Na poeziju? Zato ne na ljubav? 1. Na poeziju? Zato ne na ljubav?
2. Zato to volim rijei, a ne ljude. 2. Zato to volim rijei, a ne ljude.
1. Onda, lahku no! 1. Onda, laku no!
The expression Dobro vee [B,S] Dobra veer [C] Good evening is used as a greeting after about 6 p.m.
Note that the word may be either neuter (vee), or feminine (veer).
Laku no Good night often stands alone as a phrase. Grammatically, however, it is the object of the
unspoken sentence elim ti/vam laku no I wish you a good night. This is why the word for night is in
the accusative in this phrase. For an explanation of the forms ti and vam, see the grammar sections on p.
85.

1. Dobro vee, ta radite? 1. , ?
2. Gledam kroz prozor. Kako je divna no! 2. . !
1. Zaista jeste. Pravi je momenat za veliku 1. . je
ljubav! !
2. Ne mislim na ljubav, ve na poeziju. 2. , .
1. Na poeziju? Zato ne na ljubav? 1. ? ?
2. Zato to volim rei, a ne ljude. 2. , .
1. Onda, laku no! 1. , !
Replace no with jesen, ljubav with radost, poezija with matematika, rei [E] rijei [J] with brojevi.
38
zGRAMMAR
* Feminine nouns ending in a consonant *
Most feminine nouns end in -a, but several end in a
consonant. The nominative and accusative singular of fem. in -a fem. in cons.
these nouns have the same form. Adjectives, however, Nsg velika poezija velika ljubav
keep the feminine endings that match nouns in -a. Asg veliku poeziju veliku ljubav
The result is that whereas noun and adjective endings
match in most feminine nouns, they are different in this group of feminine nouns. To help remember this,
the student is advised to learn these (and all) nouns together with an adjective. [31]
* Accusative plural *
The accusative plural is the same as the nominative plural for neuter nouns and for both types of feminine
nouns. Masculine nouns, however, have a separate accusative plural ending, which is -e. [33]
masculine neuter feminine -a feminine in cons.

Nominative plural dobri ljudi dobra pitanja dobre en e dobre stvari
Accusative plural dobre ljude dobra pitanja dobre en e dobre stvari
* Added syllables in the plural *

Many masculine monosyllabic nouns add the syllable -ov- (or -ev-, after a soft consonant) before all plural
endings. Some, however, do not; these must be learned. [32e] Plurals of monosyllabic nouns are given in
vocabulary lists. Most neuter nouns ending in -me add the syllable -en- before plural endings. [32h]
masculine (with added syllable) (no added syllable) neuter

Nominative singular drug broj otac pas dan ime
Nominative plural drugovi brojevi oevi psi dani imena
Accusative plural drugove brojeve oeve pse dane imena
* Negation, continued *
The particle ne placed before the verb (and pronounced together with the verb) negates the entire sentence.
The same particle placed before another word class has its own accent, and means not X but Y. [25b]
* Long and short adjectives in this book *

The majority of adjectives have both long and short forms; although the short forms most frequently occur
in the nominative (when they occur at all), they can in principle occur in other cases as well. Since it is
impossible to give long and short versions for all adjectives anytime they are mentioned, this book will
utilize the following conventions. Vocabulary lists give the short form (as do all dictionaries). Replacement
cues under exercises give the long form (for practical reasons, as the long forms are used in most
instances). Grammar charts make a compromise, giving short form adjectives in the nominative and long
form adjectives in all other cases. Students interested in the accentual distinctions between long and short
forms may see them in these charts; others may ignore these accentual differences.
Center for Social Welfare
39
A3 25,26
VOCABULARY for A3, A4
alergian, alergino, alergina allergic (to) otac; oevi father, fathers

iji, ije, ija whose ozbiljan, ozbiljno, ozbiljna serious
debeo, debelo, deb ela fat, thick samo only
dug, dugo, duga long sav, sve, sva all
grad; gradovi city selo village
gradi small town sigurno certainly
ideja idea stvar (f) thing
kakav, kakvo, kakva what kind (of) tanak, tanko, tanka thin, slender
koji, koje, koja which telev izija television
kratak, kratko, kratka short vie more
neki, neko, nek some vie voleti, vie volim to prefer (I)
neozbiljan, neozbiljno, neozbiljna silly, not serious vie voljeti, vie volim to prefer (I)
novine (pl form) newspaper
TA VIE VOLI? [B,S] TO VIE VOLI? [C]
Bosnian and Serbian Latin Croatian

1. ta vie voli? Pse ili make? 1. to vie voli? Pse ili make?
2. Vie volim pse. Alergian sam na make. 2. Vie volim pse. Alergian sam na make.
1. Ja volim make ali samo neke. 1. Ja volim make ali samo neke.
2. Kakve make? Velike ili male? 2. Kakve make? Velike ili male?
1. Volim velike make, a ti? Kakve pse voli? 1. Volim velike make, a ti? Kakve pse voli?
2. Ja volim samo male pse. 2. Ja volim samo male pse.
Serbian Cyrillic
1. ? ?
2. . .
1. .
2. K ? ?
1. , ? ?
2. .
Hairdresser
for women and
men
Replace psi and make with a) gradovi, gradii, sela; b) knjige, filmovi; c) novine, televizija; d) rei
[E] rijei [J], brojevi; e) stvari, ideje;. Instead of veliki and mali use a) kratak, dug; b) debeo, tanak;
c) ozbiljan, neozbiljan, or other adjectives from earlier exercises.
Retell the exercise as a conversation between two people using formal address (using vi forms instead
of ti forms).
Tricky translation of prepositions: Phrases such as misliti na and alergian na do not translate into
English the same way. For instance, in these phrases English has think OF, but allergic TO.
40
A4 27,28
IJE SU OVE OLOVKE?

1. ije su ove olovke? 1. ?
2. Moje. 2. .
1. Koje su tvoje? 1. ?
2. Sve su moje. 2. .
1. I duge i kratke? Sigurno su ove duge tvoje, a 1. ?
kratke moje. , .
2. Ne, sve su moje. 2. , .
Replace olovka with cipela, asopis, knjiga, pitanje, renik [E], rjenik [J], stvar, udbenik, and
replace dugi and kratki with a) beli [E] bijeli [J] and crni; b) debeli and tanki; c) dobri and loi; d) runi
and lepi [E] lijepi [J]; e) teki and lahki [B] laki [B,C,S]; f) veliki and mali, and adjectives from earlier
exercises.
Retell the exercise using formal address (using vi forms instead of ti forms).
zGRAMMAR
* Interrogative pronominal adjectives *
Here are the nominative singular plural
forms of interrogative ad-
masc. neut. fem. masc. neut. fem.
jectives [36a] and the word
all. [36b] Since they are koji koje koja koji koja koje which
adjectives, they must agree iji ije ija iji ija ije whose
with the noun they modify. kakav kakvo kakva kakvi kakva kakve what [kind]
sav sve sva svi sva sve all
For full declensions of these
and similar pronominal adjectives, consult the charts on pp. 326-327.
* Sound shifts in nominative plural *

Masculine nouns ending in -k, -g or -h replace these
Nsg udbenik bubreg orah
consonants with -c, -z, or -s, respectively, before the
Nom. plural ending -i. [32b] Here are examples: Npl udbenici bubrezi orasi
41
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
1. Mislim na 1. Mislim na 1. Mislim na druga. 1. .
prijatelja. prijatelja. 2. Na koga? 2. ?
2. Na koga? 2. Na koga? 1. Na Mirka! 1. !
1. Na Jas mina! 1. Na Ivana! 2. Ali zato ne misli 2.
2. Ali zato ne misli 2. Ali zato ne misli na Tomislava?
na Jasnu? na Anku? 1. Zato to na njega ?
1. Zato to na nju ne 1. Zato to na nju ne ne volim da mislim. 1.
volim da mislim. volim misliti. a
.
Replace the names used here with other personal names (see p. 317 for list of names), and then
with the following pairs: a) ova ena, onaj mukar ac; b) na profesor, onaj profesor; c) ta osoba, ti ljudi.
B2
1. Koga vidi? 1. Koga vidi? 1. Koga vidi? 1. ?
2. Vidim i njega i nju 2. Vidim i njega i nju 2. Vidim i njega i nju 2.
i njih. i njih. i njih. .
1. Molim? 1. Molim? 1. Molim? 1. ?
2. Jas mina i Mersihu i 2. Darka i Anku i neke 2. Mirka i Mariju i 2.
neke studente. studente. neke studente. .
Replace the names given above with names that you choose from the list on p. 317. Replace
student with Amerikanac, Amerikanka, Englez, Engleskinja, Francuz, Francuskinja.
B3
Bosnian and Serbian Latin Croatian Serbian Cyrillic
1. Mislim na ideje. 1. Mislim na ideje. 1. .
2. Na ta? 2. Na to? 2. ?
1. Na ideje! 1. Na ideje! 1. !
2. Ali zato ne misli na 2. Ali zato ne misli na 2.
stvari? stvari? ?
1. Zato to su ideje prave, a 1. Zato to su ideje prave, a 1. ,
stvari su neozbiljne. stvari su neozbiljne. .
Replace ideje and stvari with: a) asopisi, novine; b) gradovi, gradii; c) noi, dani; d) pitanja,
odgovori.
42
B4
Redo these sentences as negatives:
Bosnian, Croatian Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic
1. itam roman i mislim na 1. itam roman i mislim na 1.
tebe. tebe. .
2. Poznajem te ljude. 2. Poznajem te ljude. 2. .
3. Imamo novine. 3. Imamo novine. 3. o .
4. Pas je prijatelj. 4. Pas je drug. 4. .
5. Volim misliti na velike 5. Volim da mislim na 5.
gradove. velike gradove. .
B5
1. ta vidi kroz 1. to vidi kroz 1. ta vidi kroz 1.
prozor? prozor? prozor? ?
2. Vidim i velike i 2. Vidim i velike i male 2. Vidim i velike i 2.
male pse. pse. male pse. .
1. Dobro, vidim 1. Dobro, vidim 1. Dobro, vidim jednog 1. ,
jednog velikog psa, jednoga velikog psa, velikog psa, ali gde ,
ali gdje su mali? ali gdje su mali? su mali? ?
2. Tamo su i mali i 2. Tamo su i mali i 2. Tamo su i mali i 2.
veliki psi. veliki psi. veliki psi. .
1. A, sad ih vidim! 1. A, sad ih vidim! 1. A, sad ih vidim! 1. , !
Replace italicized words in the second line with: a) plave i ute cipele; b) visoki i niski profesori,
and make appropriate adjustments in following lines.
B6
Ask each other these questions (based on material in the dialogues in 3A1, 3A2, 3A3 and 3A4). Insert in
the blank the B, C, or S name of a student playing the numbered part.
A1 Koga trai ........ (broj 2)? A1 ........ ( 2)?
A2 Zato ........ (broj 1) misli na ljubav? A2 ........ ( 1) ?
Zato ........ (broj 2) misli na poeziju? ........ ( 2) ?
A3 Zato ........ (broj 2) vie voli pse? 3 ........ ( 2) ?
A4 ije su kratke olovke, moje ili tvoje? 4 , ?
B7
Bosnian and Serbian Latin Croatian Serbian Cyrillic
1. Na ta si alergian? 1. Na to si alergian? 1. ?
2. Ja sam alergian na ........ 2. Ja sam alergian na ........ 2. ........
(ona). (ona). ()
1. A ja sam alergina na ........ 1. A ja sam alergina na 1. ........
(on). ........ (on). ().
Fill the blanks with the correct form of the word in parentheses, and then with the correct form
of ideje, knjige, novine, oni, profesori, renici [E] rjenici [J], stvari, udbenici.
43
C1
Give the singular form for each of these nominative plural forms. Circle the accented syllable.
brojevi
olovke
ljudi
knjige
pisma a
oevi
pitanja
kljuevi
udbenici
stvari
make
C2
Give the nominative and accusative plural forms of each of the following. Circle the accented syllable.
ena udbenik
grad prijatelj
ljubav pero
rjenik drug
teka jezik
pas film
olovka pitanje e
stvar asopis
kasa blagajna
C3
Make pairs consisting of a preposition from column A and a noun or phrase from column B.
Remember that each of these prepositions requires the accusative case.
A B A B
za moji dragi prijatelji
kroz on
misliti na dobra pitanja
alergian na mi
divna no
oni
lo asopis
44
C4
Note: the following two exercises are intended to give the student practice in the Cyrillic
alphabet, in addition to practice in grammar.
Read the following words aloud. For each of the noun + adjective combinations, identify (a) case,
(b) number, and (c) gender. That is, say whether it is (a) nominative or accusative, (b) singular or plural,
and (c) masculine, neuter or feminine.
For each of the verb forms identify (a) person, and (b) number. That is, say whether it is (a) 1st, 2nd or 3rd
person and (b) singular or plural.
adjectives and nouns verbs

e e
o

o e

C5
Combine the nouns, adjectives and verbs given in C4 to make four sentences. Write the sentences out in
Cyrillic.
Sentences
1.
2.
3.
4.
C6
Analysis
1. What ways to make questions have you learned in the first three lessons?
2. Find five examples of expressing negation in the material you have seen until now.
3. Provide full present tense conjugation for three verbs from Lesson 2 (other than imati, uiti,
kupiti or pisati).
4. Which masculine nouns seen so far have the nominative plural ending in -ovi and -evi?
5. Which feminine nouns seen so far are of the type that end in a consonant?
6. How would you describe the differences between Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian based on what
you have learned so far?
7. Give five examples of adjectives and five examples of adverbs used in the first three lessons.
45
VOCABULARY
granica border tei, teem (3rd pl. teku) to flow

reka river ue river mouth, confluence
rijeka river uz along, along with
stvarati, stvaram to create
For help in answering these questions consult the map at the beginning of the book.

1. Koja rijeka tee kroz 1. Koja reka tee kroz 1. ?
Zag reb? Zag reb? 2. e
2. Koje rijeke teku kroz 2. Koje reke teku kroz ?
Beograd i stvaraju ue? Beograd i stvaraju ue? 3.
3. Koje su velike bosanske 3. Koje su velike bosanske ?
rijeke? reke? 4.
4. Koje su velike crnogorske 4. Koje su velike crnogorske ?
rijeke? reke? 5.
5. Koja rijeka tee uz 5. Koja reka tee uz ?
bosanskohrvatsku granicu? bosanskohrvatsku granicu? 6.
bosanskosrpsku granicu? bosanskosrpsku granicu? 7. e
hrvatskosrpsku granicu? hrvatskosrpsku granicu?
Confluence (in Belgrade) of the Sava and Danube rivers
46
Novi rekvizit i: jabuka, keks, kreker, kruka, orah, slatki, sok od narane [C] sok od narande [B] sok od
pomorande [S], stolica, ljiva.
A1 29,30
Be, Bea Vienna Njemaka Germany

etvrti, etvrto, etvrta fourth nov, novo, nova new
devojka girl, young woman Novi Beograd New Belgrade
djevojka girl, young woman Novi Zagreb New Zagreb
Engleska England odakle from where
Europa [C] Europe Pariz, Pariza Paris
Evropa [B,S] Europe roditelj parent
Francuska France SAD USA
Grka Greece Severna Amerika North America
iz + Gen from Sjeverna Amer ika North America
Juna Amer ika South America panija [B,S] Spain
Kalifornija California panjolska [B,C] Spain
London, Londona London Stari Grad part of Sarajevo
momak, momka boy, young man takoe [B,S] also
Moskva Moscow takoer [B,C] also
Nemaka Germany
On the use of Cyrillic. From now on all S material is given alternately in Serbian Latin and Serbian Cyrillic.
Students who choose to focus on Serbian should use the opportunity to write homework only in Cyrillic.
ODAKLE STE?
Bosnian Croatian Serbian

1. Odakle su tvoji roditelji? 1. Odakle su tvoji roditelji? 1. Odakle su tvoji roditelji?
2. Moji roditelji su iz ........ . A 2. Moji su roditelji iz ........ . A 2. Moji roditelji su iz ........ . A
tvoji? tvoji? tvoji?
1. Moji roditelji su iz ........ . A 1. Moji su roditelji iz ........ . A 1. Moji roditelji su iz ........ . A
jesi li i ti iz ........ ? jesi li i ti iz ........ ? da li si i ti iz ........ ?
2. Ja sam takoer iz ........ . A 2. Ja sam takoer iz ........ . A 2. Ja sam takoe iz ....... . A ti?
ti? Jesi li i ti iz ........ kao to ti? Jesi li i ti iz ......... kao to Da li si i ti iz ........ kao to
su tvoji roditelji? su tvoji roditelji? su tvoji roditelji?
1. Nisam. Ja sam iz ........ . 1. Nisam. Ja sam iz ........ . 1. Nisam. Ja sam iz ........ .
2. A on a djevojka tamo? 2. A on a djevojka tamo? 2. A on a devojka tamo?
Odakle su njeni roditelji? Odakle su njezini roditelji? Odakle su njeni roditelji?
1. Njeni roditelji su iz ........ . 1. Njezini su roditelji iz ........ . 1. Njeni roditelji su iz ........ .
2. A on aj momak? Odakle su 2. A on aj momak? Odakle su 2. A on aj momak? Odakle su
njegovi roditelji? njegovi roditelji? njegovi roditelji?
1. Njegovi roditelji su iz ....... . 1. Njegovi su roditelji iz ....... . 1. Njegovi roditelji su iz ....... .
Fill in the blanks using the following: Be, ikago [S] Chicago [B,C], Engleska, Europa [C] Evropa
[B,S], Fran cuska, Grka, Juna Amerika, Kalifornija*, London, Maarska, Moskva, New York [B,C]
Njujork[S]*, Nemaka [E] Njemaka [J], Novi Beograd, Novi Zagreb, Par iz*, SAD, Severna Amerika [E]
Sjeverna Amer ika [J], Stari Grad, panija [B,S] panjolska [B,C], Washington [B,C] Vaington[S]*.
* Note. B,C often, but not always, spell foreign place names as in the original; S spells them phonetically.
47
zGRAMMAR
* Forms of the genitive case *
One of the most important BCS cases is the genitive case. The endings for masculine and neuter nouns are
the same as those for masculine animate accusative nouns. The endings for the two kinds of feminine nouns
are -e and -i, respectively, and the ending for all feminine adjectives is -e. [42a]
masculine neuter feminine -a feminine -cons

Nominative singular nov grad novo selo nova knjiga nova ljubav
Genitive singular novog grada novog sela nove knjige nove ljubavi
* Fleeting vowels and consonant softening *

As in the animate accusative masculine, nouns with fleeting -a- in Nominative singular [Nsg] lose this
vowel in Genitive singular [Gsg]. The stem to which the Gsg ending is added is the base stem for all other
endings. [42b] If it is different from the Nsg it is given in vocabulary listings. The masculine-neuter
adjective ending -og appears as -eg after soft consonants. These are: , , d, , , , nj, lj, j, c. [32f]
* Possible accent shifts *

Several masculine nouns have a long final syllable in Nsg, and a
short rising accent on the prefinal syllable. When endings are Nsg London fakultet
added, the long syllable becomes the prefinal syllable, with a long Gsg Londona fakulteta
rising accent. [42b] Certain verbs also shift the accent between the
infinitive and the present tense. The shift can be from rising to infinitive kazati govoriti
falling, or to rising one syllable closer to the beginning of the word.
1sg.pres. kaem govorim
In verbs of the a-conjugation, the shift occurs in all forms but 3rd
plural (thus: nemati, nemam but nemaju). [14a] All these shifts are quite noticeable in speech.
* Question words and conjunctions *

To ask about a persons place of origin, English speakers must use the phrase where from (as in
where are you from?). Speakers of BCS use the single question word odakle. Like other question words,
it comes at the beginning of the sentence. [49] The conjunction kao like, as may be followed directly by a
noun or pronoun, but if it is followed by a clause containing a verb it takes the form kao to. [50]
* Pronunciation of alphabet letters *

Alphabet letters are pronounced as follows; ah, beh, tse, chuh, chyuh, deh, juh, jyuh, eh, ef, geh, hah, eee,
yuh, kah, el, lyuh, muh, nuh, nyuh, o, peh, ruh (or ehr), suh (or ess), shuh, teh, oo, vuh, zuh, zhuh. Note that
the order of letters in Cyrillic is different. The abbreviation SAD (USA) is pronounced ess-ah-deh. The
English letters q, w, x and y are pronounced: koo [S] kveh [B,C], duplo-veh, eeks, and eepsalon.
Street names
48
A2 31,32
VOCABULARY
ak even nema there is no (.....)

dakle therefore prijateljica [B,C,S] friend (f)
drugarica [B,S] friend (f) tako je thats right!
gde where tri three
gdje where tu here
jer because znati, znam to know (I)
kod + Gen at, by
KOD KOGA SU NAE KNJIGE?

Bosnian Croatian
1. Hasane, gdje je moja knjiga? 1. Ante, gdje je moja knjiga?
2. Tu kod mene je. 2. Tu kod mene je.
1. A Zlatanova knjiga? 1. A Brankova knjiga?
2. I njegova knjiga je kod mene. 2. I njegova knjiga je kod mene.
1. A Mirjanina knjiga? 1. A Mirjanina knjiga?
2. ak je i njena knjiga kod mene. 2. ak je i njezina knjiga kod mene.
1. Zato su sve nae knjige kod tebe? 1. Zato su sve nae knjige kod tebe?
2. Jer ih itam. 2. Jer ih itam.
1. A kod koga je ona knjiga nae prijateljice 1. A kod koga je ona knjiga nae prijateljice
Hane? Dijane?
2. ija? 2. ija?
1. Hanina! 1. Dijanina!
2. Eh, te knjige nema. Ne znam kod koga je. 2. Eh, te knjige nema. Ne znam kod koga je.
1. Dakle tri knjige su kod tebe, a jedne knjige 1. Dakle tri knjige su kod tebe, a jedne knjige
nema? nema?
2. Tako je! 2. Tako je!
Serbian
1. , ?
2. .
1. C ?
2. .
1. ?
2. .
1. ?
2. .
1. e ?
2. ?
1. !
2. , . .
1. , ?
2. !
Replace the names above with: Ana, Andreja, Dobrilo, Hrvoje, Hajrudin, Jelena, Juraj, Saa, Zehra.
Replace knjiga with biljenica [C] sveska [S] teka [B], asopis, knjiga poezije, pismo, roman,
udbenik.
49
Street names
zGRAMMAR
* Possessive pronominal adjectives *
An adjective formed from a persons name specifies that the person is the possessor of something indicated
by a particular noun. To form this adjective, subtract the ending from the genitive form of the persons
name (see box below), and then add the possessive suffix, which is in- if the possessor is feminine, and -
ov- or -ev- if the possessor is masculine. To that, then add the regular adjective endings. Such adjectives
have only short forms, and only single words can express possession in this way. [41b] Here are examples:
name name (Gsg) sex possessive adjective adjective + noun (m) adjective + noun (f)
Mirjana Mirjan-e female Mirjan-in Mirjanin rjenik Mirjanina knjiga
Petar Petr-a male Petr-ov Petrov rjenik Petrova knjiga
* Short form adjectives in the genitive case *

Most adjectives which have both short and long forms use the short forms in the nominative case only, and
the long forms elsewhere. But the possessive pronominal adjectives (including those such as njegov his,
njihov theirs, their, njezin [C] njen [B,C,S] her, hers) have short form endings in Gsg masculine. These
endings are like those of the nouns: od njihova grada from their city, brat njezina uitelja her teachers
brother. The long endings are also possible, as in do njegovog auta by his auto, kod njenog oca at her
fathers. The short endings are officially required in C, though the long endings can sometimes be heard.
The long endings are much more frequent in B and S. [42c]
* Uses of the genitive case *

The genitive is used with a number of prepositions, among which are iz out of, from [43a] and kod,
which means by, with, at. When a persons name follows kod, the meaning ranges from temporary
possession to physical location (this location is usually, but not always, ones own house). [43b] The
genitive case is also used with the unchanging word nema, which signifies the absence of something or
someone. [44c, 59b] When two nouns are adjacent and the second is in the genitive case, the meaning is
similar to that of English of. For instance, aa hladne vod e means a glass OF cold water. [44a]
* Pronouns in the genitive case *

The genitive forms of ko [B,S] tko [C] who, and of all
personal pronouns except for fem. sg. full form [42d] are Nom ta or to ona
identical to the accusative forms. Here are the genitive case Acc ta or to nju [full]
forms of ta [B,S] to [C], and of the full form feminine Gen ega nje [full]
personal pronouns:
* Turning questions into statements*

To make a question part of a statement, simply treat the question word as a conjunction. Contrary to
English, the word order does not change. Thus, a question such as gde [E] gdje [J] je moja knjiga? where
is my book? is inserted directly after the main verb, creating the statement ne znam gde [E] gdje [J] je
moja knjiga I dont know where my book is. [51]
50
A3 33,34
VOCABULARY
bez + Gen without mleko milk

aj tea mlijeko milk
aa glass narana [C] orange
dva two (m, n) naranda [B] orange
dve two (f) neto, neega something
dvije two (f) nita, niega nothing
gladan, gladno, gladna hungry od + Gen of, from
hladan, hladno, hladna cold orah walnut
hleb [S] bread pare, par eta [B,S] piece
hljeb [B,S] bread pivo beer
jabuka apple pomoranda [S] orange
jo more, still pun, puno, puna full
kafa [B,S] coffee sir cheese
kava [C] coffee slatki, slatkia candy, sweets
keks cookie sok, soka juice
komad, komada [B,C,S] piece ljiva plum
kreker cracker topao, toplo, topla warm
kruh [B,C] bread vino wine
kruka pear voe fruit
led ice voda water
limunada lemonade edan, edno, edna thirsty
mineralna voda mineral water
I JO NETO ...

1. ........ ! Jeste li edni? elite 1. ........ ! Jeste li edni? elite 1. ........ ! Da li ste edni?
li au soka? li au soka? elite li au soka?
2. Ne, hvala, imam soka od 2. Ne, hvala, imam soka od 2. Ne, hvala, imam soka od
narande, ali elim hladne narane, ali elim hladne pomorande, ali elim
vode bez leda. vode bez leda. hladne vode bez leda.
1. Izvolite punu au hladne 1. Izvolite punu au hladne 1. Izvolite punu au hladne
vode. ta jo elite? vode. to jo elite? vode. ta jo elite?
2. Molim dva keksa. 2. Molim dva keksa. 2. Molim dva keksa.
1. Imamo ova dva fina keksa. 1. Imamo ova dva fina keksa. 1. Imamo ova dva fina keksa.
Moe? Moe? Moe?
2. Moe, hvala! 2. Moe, hvala! 2. Moe, hvala!
1. I jo neto? 1. I jo neto? 1. I jo neto?
2. Hvala, nita vie! 2. Hvala, nita vie! 2. Hvala, nita vie!
Fill in the blank with the vocative of a classmates Bosnian, Croatian, or Serbian name.
Replace the beverages with: aj, kafa [B,S] kav a [C], limunada, mineralna voda, mleko [E] mlijeko
[J], pivo, vino.
Replace edan with glad an, and the nouns with words for foods instead of beverages.
For other snacks use: jabuka, nar ana [C] naranda [B] pomoranda [S], komad hljeba [B,S] komad
kruha [C] pare hleba [S], komad sira [B,C] pare sira [B,S], kreker, kruka, orah, slatki, ljiva, voe.
Add the adjectives sladak and/or topao. Replace dva with tri, etiri.
51
zGRAMMAR
* Numbers *
The word for 1 is an adjective and agrees with its noun. [36c] The forms of the words for 2 and both
depend on the gender of what is counted: if it is masculine the words are dva and oba, respectively but if it
is feminine they are dve [E] dvije [J] and obe [E] obje [J], respectively. The forms for 3 and 4 do not
change. [46] After the numbers 2, 3, and 4, masculine and neuter nouns and modifiers all take the ending -
a. Feminine nouns and modifiers take endings which look like the regular Gsg endings, but are not long.
[46a]
masculine neuter feminine

1: jedan / jedno / jedna jedan veliki grad jedno veliko selo jedna velika knjiga (stvar)
2: dva / dve or dvije ova dva velika grada (sela) ove dve or dvije knjige (stvari)
both oba / obe or obje oba velika grada (sela) obe or obje knjige (stvari)
3 [4] tri [etiri] ova tri [etiri] velika grada (sela) ove tri [etiri] knjige (stvari)
* Partitive genitive *
The genitive direct object conveys the idea some [of] or a part of something as in, for instance, eli li
soka? would you like some juice? This meaning is called the partitive genitive. By contrast, the
accusative direct object denotes a general idea or any one thing in its entirety; for instance volim sok I like
juice (general) or elim jedan sok I want [a glass / can / bottle] of juice (entire unit). [45]
* Names, continued *
Masculine names ending in -a take the case endings of feminine nouns in -a. Certain masculine names
ending in -o, the most common of which is I vo, also take these case endings. Their gender is masculine,
however, requiring masculine adjectives, as in poznajem samo jednog Nikolu, i jednog Ivu I know only
one Nikola, and one Ivo. Names ending in -ski or -ska are declined as adjectives. Feminine surnames take
case endings only if they end in -a. [89d]
Street names
52
A4 35,36
VOCABULARY
blizu + Gen near obe both (f)

ega what (genitive) obje both (f)
daleko far ploa [C] blackboard
do + Gen next to, up to pored + Gen next to
drugo second, secondly prvo first, firstly
eno there is ruski [jezik] Russian [language]
evo here is s + Gen from, off of
izmeu + Gen between, among sa +Gen from, off of
na + Acc into stolica chair
nemaki [jezik] German [language] tabla [B,S] blackboard
njemaki [jezik] German [language] zelen, zeleno, zelen a green
oba both (m) zid wall
TRAIM NEKE STVARI

1. ........ ! Traim neke stvari. 1. ........ ! Traim neke stvari. 1. ........ ! .
2. Koje stvari? 2. Koje stvari? 2. ?
1. Prvo, rjenik. Ima li ga? 1. Prvo, rjenik. Ima li ga? 1. , .
2. Koji rjenik? S engleskog 2. Koji rjenik? S engleskoga ?
na bosanski, ili sa bosan- na hrvatski ili s hrvatskoga 2. ? a
skog na engleski? na engleski? ,
1. Sa bosanskog na engleski, 1. S hrvatskoga na engleski, ?
onaj plave boje. onaj plave boje. 1. ,
2. Ah, evo ga ovdje, blizu 2. Ah, evo ga ovdje, blizu .
tebe! Jo neto? tebe! Jo neto? 2. , , !
1. Da, drugo, nema mog 1. Da, drugo, nema moga J ?
udbenika. Zna li gdje je? udbenika. Zna li gdje je? 1. , , -
2. Znam. Eno ga daleko od 2. Znam. Eno ga daleko od . ?
tebe, tamo do teke pored tebe, tamo do biljenice 2. .
table. pored ploe. , c o
1. Pored ega? 1. Pored ega? .
2. Pored table! 2. Pored ploe! 1. o ?
1. A onda gdje su moje dvije 1. A onda gdje su moje dvije 2. !
lijepe olovke? lijepe olovke? 1. e
2. Obje olovke su izmeu 2. Obje olovke su izmeu ?
bosanskog rjenika i tvog hrvatskog rjenika i tvog 2.
udbenika. udbenika.
.
Fill in the blank with the vocative of a classmates Bosnian, Croatian, or Serbian name.
Replace engleski and bosanski, hrvatski, srpski with a) engleski, ruski; b) francuski, nemaki [E]
njemaki [J].
Replace udbenik, renik [E] rjenik [J] and olovka with biljenica [C] sveska [S] teka [B], cipela,
aa, knjiga poezije, papir, pero, pismo.
Replace tabla [B,S] ploa [C] with stolica, zid, prozor, and plavi with crni, crveni, zeleni, uti.
53
zGRAMMAR
* Prepositions with the genitive, continued *
The preposition od from can sometimes be used in expressions of possession; it is also used together with
the preposition do to / up to / next to to define the limits of something (as in from X to Y). The
preposition s means from / down from. It is often used together with the preposition na [+ Acc] in
expressions meaning from to. The preposition s takes the form sa when the following word begins
with a similar sounding consonant, although in S it usually takes the form sa elsewhere as well. [43a]
* Pointer words *
The words evo and eno are used to point something out to someone. The person or thing being identified is
usually marked by genitive case endings. To identify something close by, use evo, and to identify
something further away, use eno. [44c]
* English It is... sentences *

Many English sentences which begin with It is do not have an identifiable subject; the English word
it simply holds the place of a subject. But BCS sentences of this sort have no subject at all, and the verb
is always 3rd singular. For example, there is no grammatical subject in koliko je od X do Y? how far is it
from X to Y? or nije daleko it isnt far. [48]
* Verb conjugation *
Among the verbs whose pre-
jesti eat piti drink uzeti take
sent tense is not predictable
from the infinitive are jesti, jedem jedemo pijem pijemo uzmem uzmemo
[40c] piti, [14d] and uzeti. jede jedete pije pijete uzme uzmete
[52f] Their conjugations are: jede jedu pije piju uzme uzmu
* Long and longer adjectives *

The Gsg ending for masc-neut long form adjectives is -og. There is also a longer form, ending in -oga.
There is no difference in meaning: both velikog and velikoga are possible. Longer forms are frequent in
high style, and more frequent in C than they are in B or S. If an adjective is used alone, standing for a noun,
then the longer form is required. However if another modifier is present the long form is sufficient. Thus,
one says elim crvenoga I want the red one, but may say elim onog crvenog I want that red one. If two
long forms are in sequence, the first is frequently longer, as in jednoga finog dana one fine day. [42c]
Names of city squares
54
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
Hold a conversation in the classroom about where each of the students is from, using A1 as the model.
Include in the conversation an exchange where you spell your name out for your interlocutor.
Self-study learners: Memorize the alphabet and practice spelling various words out loud. If you are
focusing on Serbian, memorize the order of letters in the Cyrillic alphabet.
B2
1. ija je ovo olovka? 1. ija je ovo olovka? 1. ija je ovo olovka?
2. Ovo je olovka moje 2. Ovo je olovka moje 2. Ovo je olovka moje
prijateljice. prijateljice. prijateljice.
1. A pas Freddy? iji je on? 1. A pas Freddy? iji je on? 1. A pas Fredi? iji je on?
2. Freddy je pas onog 2. Freddy je pas onoga Engleza 2. Fredi je pas onog Engleza
Engleza Georgea. Georgea. Dorda.
1. Ah, Freddy je njegov pas! 1. Ah, Freddy je njegov pas! 1. Ah, Fredi je njegov pas!
2. Da! Freddy je Georgeov 2. Da! Freddy je Georgeov pas. 2. Da! Fredi je Dordov pas.
pas. 1. A ija je maka Maca? 1. A ija je maka Maca?
1. A ija je maka Maca? 2. Maca je maka one djevojke 2. Maca je maka one devojke
2. Maca je maka one Dubravke. Dubravke.
djevojke Zlate. 1. Dakle, Maca je njezina a 1. Dakle, Maca je njena a nije
1. Dakle, Maca je njena a nije Ankiina? Mirjanina?
nije Azrina? 2. Da, Maca je Dubravkina. 2. Da, Maca je Dubravkina.
2. Da, Maca je Zlatina.
Replace olovka, moja prijateljica, pas Freddy [B,C] Fredi [S], maka Maca with other names and
nouns.
B3
1. Ovo je auto mog prijatelja 1. Ovo je auto moga prijatelja 1.
Hasana. Branka. .
2. Dakle, ovo nije auto one 2. Dakle, ovo nije auto one 2. ,
studentice Azre? I ona ima studentice Ankice? I on a ?
auto zelene boje. ima auto zelene boje. .
1. Ne, auto nije Azrin, ve 1. Ne, auto nije An kiin, ve 1. , ,
Hasanov. Brankov. .
Replace auto with jabuka, kruka, novine, orah, pivo, sok, and the above personal names with
others. Replace zeleni with crveni, crni, plavi, uti.
55
B4
Bosnian and Serbian Croatian
1. ta eli? 1. to eli?
2. Vode. 2. Vode.
1. Evo, izvoli au vode. A ta eli jo? 1. Evo, izvoli au vode. A to eli jo?
2. Molim jednu jabuku. 2. Molim jednu jabuku.
1. Nema problema! Imamo ih. 1. Nema problema! Imamo ih.
Replace voda with other beverages, such as: aj, kafa [B,S] kava [C], limunada, pivo, sok, vino, and
jabuka with other fruits such as: kruka, narana [C] nar anda [B] pomoranda [S], orah, ljiva.
Replace the number 1 with 2, 3 or 4.
B5
Bosnian Croatian
1. Koliko je od (New York) do (Chicago)? 1. Koliko je od (New York) do (Chicago)?
2. Daleko. 2. Daleko.
1. A koliko je od (Sjeverna Amerika) do 1. A koliko je od (Sjeverna Amerika) do
(Evrop a)? (Europa)?
2. Vrlo daleko. 2. Jako daleko.
1. A je li vrlo daleko od (Oakland) do (San 1. A je li vrlo daleko od (Oakland) do (San
Francisco)? Francisco)?
2. Ne, nije. Blizu je. 2. Ne, nije. Blizu je.
1. A od (Stari Grad) do (Marijin Dvor)? 1. A od (Zagreb) do (Novi Zag reb)?
2. Moe ii ak i bez (auto)! 2. Moe ii ak i bez (auto)!
1. Stvarno! 1. Stvarno!
Serbian Cyrillic
1. (j) ()?
2. .
1. (e ) ()?
2. .
1. () ( )?
2. , . .
1. () ( )?
2. M ()!
2. !
Insert the correct forms of the words in parentheses. See A1 for other possible place names.
B6
1. Pored koga si? 1. Pored koga si? 1. Pored koga si?
2. Do Zlatana. 2. Do Branka. 2. Do Slobodana.
1. Do Zlate? 1. Do Branke? 1. Do Svetlane?
2. Ne! Do njega! 2. Ne! Do njega! 2. Ne! Do njega!
Replace these names with the names your classmates have chosen or choose one from p. 317.
56
1. Pored ega si? 1. Pored ega si? 1. ?
2. Do table. 2. Do ploe. 2. .
1. Do prozora? 1. Do prozora? 1. ?
2. Ne! Ovdje! 2. Ne! Ovdje! 2. ! !
Replace tabla [B,S] ploa [C] and prozor with other words for objects in the classroom, such as:
biljenica [C] sveska [S] tek a [B], knjiga, maka, majmun, medved [E] medvjed [J], pas, stolica, zid.
B7
1. Je li rjenik ovdje? 1. Je li rjenik ovdje? 1. Da li je renik ovde?
2. Evo ga. 2. Evo ga. 2. Evo ga.
1. Ali vidim da nema olovke. 1. Ali vidim da nema olovke. 1. Ali vidim da nema olovke.
2. Tano. Nema je. 2. Tono. Nema je. 2. Tano. Nema je.
1. Onda gdje je? 1. Onda gdje je? 1. Onda gde je?
2. Ne znam, ali nema 2. Ne znam, ali nema 2. Ne znam, ali nema
problema. Tu je moja. problema. Tu je moja. problema. Tu je moja.
1. Hvala! 1. Hvala! 1. Hvala!
Replace renik [E] rjenik [J] and olovka with two of these nouns: avionsko pismo, asopis, klju,
knjiga, majmun, papir, pas, razglednica, udbenik.
B8
Questions to ask each other based on the materials in dialogues 4A1, 4A2, 4A3 and 4A4:
A1 Odakle su roditelji vaeg profesora?

A2 ije su knjige kod vas, a kod koga su vae knjige?
A3 Zato broj 2 nije ed an?
A4 Koj e stvari trai broj 1?
Make up a question of your own based on material from the A dialogues to ask a classmate using the
question words zato, iji or kod koga.
Street names
57
C1
Insert the genitive form of the phrase in parentheses into the blank.
Note: in this and other exercises it is frequently the case that the only difference between B and C on the
one hand, and S on the other, is that the S sentences appear in Cyrillic. This has been done to give students
learning Serbian sufficient practice in reading and writing the Cyrillic alphabet.
Note:
1. [B,C] Ovo je problem ........ ........ (veliki grad).
[S] ........ ........ ( ).
2. [B,C] Rijeke ........ ........ (naa zemlja) teku kroz mnoge gradove.
[S] ........ ........ ( ) .
3. [B,C] Oni nemaju nae brojeve ........ (telefon).

[S] ........ ().
4. [B,C] Ne elim da kupi psa ........ ........ (crv ena boja), ve ........ ........ (zelena boja).
[S] ........ ........ ( ), ........ ........ ( ).
5. [B,C] Trae li ti ljudi kuu ........ ........ ........ (na dragi prijatelj)?
[S] ........ ........ ........ ( )?
6. [B,C] Glavni grad ........ ........ (Crna Gora) je Podgorica, a glavni grad ........ (Srbija) je
Beograd. Glavni grad ........ (Hrvatska) je Zagreb, a glavni grad ........ ........ (Bosna i
Hercegovina) je Sarajevo.
[S] ........ ........ ( ) je , ........ () je
. ........ () je , ........ ........ (
) je .
C2
1. My mother is from South America.

2. Her father is from Sarajevo.
3. Their parents are from Italy.
58
4. The (female) student is from Greece.
5. His (male) friends are from France.
6. Your professors are from Washington.
7. Our dear (female) professors are from Hungary.
C3
Complete these number phrases, writing the number out as a word and adding the appropriate endings to
the adjective and noun. Replace the word both with oba, obe [E] obje [J] as appropriate.
Example: 4 (dobri pas) becomes etiri dobra psa
3 (lepa stvar) [E] (lijepa stvar) [J] 1 (mala aa)

2 (crvena maka) 3 (mali medved) [E] (mali medvjed) [J]
4 (glavan grad) both (ruan student)
1 (drag ovek) [E] (drag ovjek) [J] 4 (dobro pitanje)
both (zelena biljenica) [C] (zelena sveska) [S] 2 (plava ljiva)
(zelena tek a) [B] 3 (ozbiljan mukarac)
3 (duga reka) [E] (duga rijeka) [J] both (debeo udbenik)
4 (velika knjiga) 2 (teak klju)
2 (sladak keks) 3 (visok gospodin)
both (dobra drugarica) [S] (dobra prijateljica) [B,C]
C4
If these are the answers, what are the questions?
Bosnian and Croatian Serbian

1. Moji roditelji su iz Maarske. 1. .
2. Iz Kalifornije sam. 2. j .
3. Daleko. 3. .
4. Freddy je Georgeov pas. 4. o .
5. Evo udbenika. 5. .
6. Ja sam do prozora. 6. .
7. Ne, hvala, imam soka. 7. , , .
8. Da, imam oba rjenika. 8. , .
9. Sve su olovke moje! 9. !
59
C5
Translate each preposition below and use it in a short sentence which you also translate into English.
Example: na becomes to Alergina sam na slatkie. Im allergic to sweets.
1. od 8. iz
2. na 9. do
3. blizu 10. kroz
4. za 11. izmeu
5. s 12. u
6. uz 13. kod
7. pored 14. bez
C6
Combine each preposition with the adjective + noun phrase given to its right, making the grammatical
changes in the adjective + noun phrase that the preposition requires.
Example: kod tvoja prijateljica becomes kod tvoje prijateljice

od malo pare sira mali komad sira o
pored crna tabla crna ploa
za dobra rije dobra rije
s, sa bosanskohrvatska granica bosanskohrvatska granica
uz jedna kafa jedna kava
iz kratka no kratka no
izmeu ovaj i onaj zid ovaj i onaj zid
do mala kruka mala kruka
kroz hladna voda hladna voda
kod dragi ovjek dragi ovjek
bez crno vino crno vino
Then rewrite each noun-adjective phrase replacing the noun-adjective phrase by a pronoun.
For example: kod velikog prozora > kod njega
C7
Write out the street and square names in the photographs on pp. 48, 50, 52, 54 and 57 and mark which are
the names of women and which the names of men. Then derive the actual name (i.e. nominative form) for
each person. For more information on the declension of personal names, see p. 325.
60
VOCABULARY
deo, dela; delovi part, section putovnica [C] passport

dio, dijela; djelovi part, section Republika Srpska Republic of Srpska
dok while sastojati se [od], sastojim se [od] to consist [of] (I)
Federacija Federation slobodno freely
paso [B,S] passport te and
putovati, putujem to travel (I) ukljuivati, ukljuujem to include (I)
Bosnian. Bosna i Hercegovina se sastoji

od dva dijela. Jedan dio se zove Federacija
Bosne i Hercegovine, i ukljuuje gradove
Mostar, Sarajevo, Tuzlu, Zenicu, Biha, te
Gorade, dok se drugi dio zove Republika
Srpska i ukljuuje gradove Prijedor, Banja
Luku, te Bos anski Brod. Moe se slobod-
no putovati od jednog do drugog dijela
bez pasoa.
Croatian. Bosna i Hercegovina se sastoji

od dva dijela. Jedan se dio zove Federacija
Gorade, dok se drugi dio zove Republika
Luku, te Bosanski Brod. Moe se
slobodno putovati od jednog do drugog
dijela bez putovnice.
Serbian. Bosna i Hercegovina se sastoji od

dva dela. Jedan deo se zove Federacija
Gorade, dok se drugi deo zove Republika
Luku, te Bosanski Brod. Moe slobodno
da se putuje od jednog do drugog dela bez
pasoa.
The spellings Banja Luka and Banjaluka are both used. In the accusative case, one encounters three differ-
ent possibilities: Banja Luku, Banjaluku and Banju Luku.
61
Story: Albahari
Read Part I of the story Osam malih pria o mojoj eni by David Albahari (p. 341).
Two stories of eight episodes each are provided in the appendices, and are given as reading assignments for
Lessons 4-19. A third, also in eight episodes, comprises Lesson 20. The author of the first, Osam malih
pria o mojoj eni [Eight Small Stories about My Wife], is David Albahari; the author of the second,
Ljubav na panjolski nain [Love in the Spanish Style], is Muharem Bazdulj; and the author of the third, U
zagrljaju rijeke [In the Rivers Embrace], is Miro Gavran.
David Albahari (b. 1949) has published a number of novels and collections of short stories; he writes in
Serbian. Muharem Bazdulj (b. 1977) is the author of novels and stories, and writes in Bosnian. Miro
Gavran (b. 1961) is best known for his plays, but he has also published novels and stories; he writes in
Croatian.
For references, and information on these and other writers whose work has been translated into English,
consult www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org .
62
A1 37,38
dosadan, dosadno, dosadna boring pecivo bread roll

drugi, drugo, druga other, another pet fifth
ak pupil peti, peto, peta five
ii, idem to go (I) piti, pijem to drink (I)
jagoda strawberry po each
jesti, jedem to eat (I) pomoranda; Gpl -i [S] orange
kamo [C] [to] where pria story
kazati, kaem to say (I/P) ptica bird
koliko how much, how many puno a lot
kua house slab weak
kuda [B,S] [to] where smokva fig
malo a little aren, ar eno, arena colorful
mnogo a lot uitelj schoolteacher
narana; Gpl -i [C] orange uzimati, uzimam to take (I)
naranda; Gpl -i [B] orange zao, zlo, zla evil
odgovarati, odgovaram to answer (I) zmija snake
PET MAAKA I PET PASA

Bosnian Croatian
Kratka pria: Kratka pria:
Pet velikih maaka i pet deb elih pasa ide u Pet velikih maaka i pet deb elih pasa ide u
grad. grad.
- Gdje idete, make? - pitaju psi. - Kamo idete, make? - pitaju psi.
- Idemo od jedne kue do druge - kau make. - Idemo od jedne kue do druge - kau make.
- Koliko imate kua? - pitaju psi. - Koliko imate kua? - pitaju psi.
- Imamo pet malih kua za pet velikih maaka - - Imamo pet malih kua za pet velikih maaka -
kau make. kau make.
- Zato idete od kue do kue? - pitaju psi. - Zato idete od kue do kue? - pitaju psi.
- Da jedemo kruke. Gladne smo - odgovaraju - Da jedemo kruke. Gladne smo - odgovaraju
make. make.
- Malo kruaka ili puno kruaka? - pitaju psi. - Malo kruaka ili puno kruaka? - pitaju psi.
- Svaka uzima po dvije kruke - kau make. - Svaka uzima po dvije kruke - kau make.
Serbian
a :
.
- , ? - .
- - .
- ? - .
- - .
- ? - .
- . - .
- ? - .
- e - .
Replace maka and pas with these pairs: momak and devojka [E] djevojka [J]; ptica and zmija;
student and studentica [B,C] studentkinja [S]; uitelj and ak.
63
Replace kruka with: jabuka, jagoda, narana [C] nar anda [B] pomoranda [S], pecivo, orah,
smokva, ljiva.
Replace jesti with piti, gladan with edan, and use the names of beverages introduced in exercise
4A3. Leave off the last line in this version.
Replace veliki and debeli with dosadni, slabi, sreni [S] sretni [B,C], areni, tanki, zli.
When counting on your fingers in BCS your palm is horizontal and turned toward you. Start with your
thumb pointing upward for one , then extend your index finger, two, the middle finger, three, the ring
finger, four and the little finger, five.
zGRAMMAR
* Genitive plural *
There are two different endings for the Genitive plural [Gpl], -a and -i. The ending -a is required by all
neuter nouns, nearly all masculine nouns, and most feminine nouns in -a. [57a] The ending -i is required by
all feminine nouns in a consonant and three masculine nouns (mesec [E] mjesec [J], ljudi, and sat in the
meaning hour); it is also found in a sizeable number of feminine nouns in -a. [57b] The vowels in both
endings are distinctively long, and the vowel preceding the genitive plural [Gpl] ending -a is also
lengthened. If the Gpl ending -a follows two consonants other than st, zd, t, d, , or d, another -a-
must be inserted between them. [57a] The ending for all adjectives in Gpl is -ih. [57c] Below are examples.
Nominative singular Genitive singular Genitive plural

masculine dobar momak dobrog momka dobrih momaka
velik grad velikog grada velikih gradova
jedan sat dva sata pet sati
neuter kratko pismo kratkog pisma kratkih pisama
veliko gnijezdo velikog gnijezda velikih gnijezda
feminine -a mlada sestra mlade sestre mladih sestara
dobra majka dobre majke dobrih majki
feminine -cons velika stvar velike stvari velikih stvari
* Uses of the genitive plural *

The Gpl is used after adverbs of measure such as malo a little mnogo much, many, puno a lot, koliko
how much, how many. The Gsg is used only when the noun following refers to something that cannot be
counted; for instance puno kie a lot of rain, malo vode a little water. [59a] The Gpl is also used after
all numbers other than 1-4 (or compound numbers ending in them, such as 21-24, 31-34, etc.). If such a
phrase is the subject of a sentence, the verb is 3rd singular; for instance: Pet maaka ide u grad Five cats
are going to town. Below are the numbers from 5-19 and the multiples of 10 up to 100. [58]
5 pet 9 devet 13 trinaest 17 sedamnaest 30 trid eset 70 sedamdeset

6 est 10 deset 14 etrnaest 18 osamnaest 40 etrdeset 80 osamdeset
7 sedam 11 jedanaest 15 petnaest 19 devetnaest 50 pedeset 90 devedeset
8 osam 12 dvanaest 16 esnaest 20 dvadeset 60 ezdeset 100 sto
* Adverbs of direction *
To ask where in the sense of whither (= where to), Croatian uses kamo. Bosnian and Serbian use either
kuda or gde / gdje to ask this question; there is no difference in meaning. [55c]
64
* Distributive po
The preposition po expresses the idea of distribution, and is best translated each or apiece. The case
following it is determined by the particular sentence, although it is almost always the accusative. [59c]
A2 39,40
VOCABULARY
ako if pare (pl form) money

banka bank peke [S] on foot
benzin, benzina gasoline pjeice [B,C] on foot
bioskop [S] movie theater pjeke [B,S] on foot
ekati, ekam to wait (I) posle + Gen after
etiri four poslije + Gen after
dati, dam to give (P) pozorite [B,S] theater
devet nine pre + Gen before
doi, doem to come (P) prije + Gen before
dolaziti, dolazim to come (I) problem, problema problem
fakultet, fakulteta academic dept. ruak, ruka lunch, dinner
hteti, hou, hoe to want (I) sat; Gpl sati hour, oclock
htjeti, hou, hoe to want (I) est six
ima there is, there are to se mene tie as far as Im concerned
jedan aest eleven ticati se, tie se + Gen to concern (I)
kazalite [C] theater uzeti, uzmem to take (P)
kino [B,C] movie theater veera supper
novac, novca money vreme, vremena time
odmah immediately vrijeme, vremena time
NEMA NOVCA!

1. Ako ima vremena prije ruka, idem na 1. Ako ima vremena pre ruka, idem na
fakultet. fakultet.
2. Ima vremena, ali nema para. 2. Ima vremena, ali nema para.
1. Nema novca?! Idem odmah u banku, ako da 1. Nema novca?! Idem odmah u banku, ako da
auto! auto!
2. Ne moe uzeti auto, jer nema benzina. 2. Ne moe da uzm auto, jer nema benzina.
1. Nema problema. Idem pjeice do banke, a 1. Nema problema. Idem peke do banke, a
poslije banke idem na fakultet. posle banke idem na fakultet.
2. A poslije fakulteta? 2. A posle fakulteta?
1. Evo me! Dolazim na ruak u etiri sata! 1. Evo me! Dolazim na ruak u etiri sata!
2. to se mene tie, moe doi i u est. Ruak 2. to se mene tie, moe da doe i u est.
te eka, ako ga hoe jesti. Ruak te eka, ako hoe da ga jede.
Replace ruak with veera and (na) fakultet with (u) bioskop [S] (u) kino [B,C], (u) kazalite [C] (u)
pozorite [B,S], and 4:00 p.m. with 9:00 p.m., 6:00 p.m. with 11:00 p.m.
Mealtimes: Breakfast is between 6:00 and 7:00 a.m. Most jobs start at 8:00. At work people have a late-
morning snack, and then they have dinner, or lunch (ruak), the main meal of the day, with their family
when everyone gets home from work and school in the late afternoon, around 4:00 or 5:00 p.m. Supper
(veera) follows between 7:00 and 8:00 p.m. and is usually more of a snack than a full meal.
65
The universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, and Serbia are loosely knit institutions
linking a number of separately run departments or schools called fakulteti, each dedicated to a range of
subjects (the humanities, engineering, architecture, political science, etc.) similar to US medical, law or
business schools. Most of the universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, and Serbia
have no central campus, so a student would be more likely to say that s/he is going to the faculty (na
fakultet) to take a class or to study, rather than to the university (na sveuilite or na univerzitet).
zGRAMMAR
* Uses of the genitive case, continued *
The unchanging word nema, signifying the non-existence or absence of something or someone, always
requires the genitive. The unchanging word ima, signifiying existence or presence, uses the nominative for
a single unit which can be counted, but requires the genitive if the meaning is partitive. [59b] Certain verbs
also require a genitive object. One is bojati se fear, and another is ticati se concern, which usually
appears in the phrase to se tie + Gen as concerns ... . [60] Certain other fixed phrases can take a
genitive object, for instance igrati lopte play ball.
* Prepositions with the accusative case *

When used with the accusative case, both u and na denote motion toward. Some nouns take u in this
meaning and others take na; the identity of nouns as u-words or na-words must be learned. U-words
tend to be those which denote enclosed, three-dimensional spaces, and na-words tend to be those which
denote surfaces or more abstractly conceived concepts. [55a]
* Telling time *
The time of day is identified by the number plus the correct case form of the word for hour (sat); the
preposition u specifies the time something happens. Thus: u etiri sata at 4:00, u pet sati at 5:00. Time
after the hour is expressed by the conjunction i and time before the hour by the preposition do. Thus: u pet i
deset at 5:10 (at ten past five), u pet do deset at 9:55 (at five to ten). [61c]
* Motion verbs and aspect *

The imperfective verb ii means go. Perfective verbs are made from it by adding prefixes, e.g. doi
come. Imperfective verbs are then made from each of these perfectives by adding the same prefix to the
relatively rare verb laziti; thus dolaziti is the imperfective verb meaning come [54]
* The verb want *

The present tense of want (infinitive hteti [E] htjeti [J])
is the only BCS verb other than moi whose 1st singular hteti or htjeti want not want
ends in -u. Both 3rd singular and 3rd plural end in -e, but hou hoemo neu neemo
3rd plural has a long vowel. The negated form has its hoe hoete nee neete
own separate conjugation, in which the segment ne-
hoe hoe nee nee
replaces the syllable ho- of the affirmative form. [52d].
See p. 130 for more information on these forms.
The Bank of Vojvodina, Belgrade Pedestrians
66
A3 41,42
VOCABULARY
advokat, advokata [B,S] attorney prevoditelj [C] translator

amida [B] paternal uncle sedmica [B,S] week
amidinica [B] pat. uncles wife stan ica station
budem am (P) stric [B,C,S] paternal uncle
daida [B] maternal uncle strina [B,C,S] pat. uncles wife
daidinica [B] mat. uncles wife sudac, suca [C] judge (m)
doekati, doekam to greet arrival (P) sudija [B,S] judge (m)
idui, idue, idua next, coming svoj, svoje, svoja ones own
kako za koga a matter of taste tea [S] aunts husband
kolodvor [C] railway station tetak, tetka [B,C,S] aunts husband
lekarka [S] doctor (f) tetka aunt
lijenica [C] doctor (f) tjedan, tjedna [C] week
ljekarka [B,S] doctor (f) ujak [B,C,S] maternal uncle
nedelja [S] week ujna [B,C,S] mat. uncles wife
nedjelja [B,S] week zanimljiv, zanimljivo, zanimljiva interesting
odvjetnik [C] attorney eleznika stan ica [S] railway station
pak and, but rather eljeznika stanica [B,S] railway station
pisac, pisca writer iveti, iv im to live (I)
posao, posla job ivjeti, ivim to live (I)
prevodilac, prevodioca [B,S] translator
KO DOLAZI? [B,S] TKO DOLAZI? [C]
Bosnian Croatian
1. Idue sed mice u srijedu, u pet sati, idem na 1. Idueg tjedna u srijedu, u pet sati, idem na
stanicu nekoga doekati. kolodvor nekoga doekati.
2. Ko dolazi? 2. Tko dolazi?
1. Brat mog oca. 1. Brat mog a oca.
2. Znam da je daida majin brat. Da li se kae 2. Znam da je ujak majin brat. Kae li se
amida za oevog brata? stric za oeva brata?
1. Da! Tako je. To je moj amida. 1. Da! Tako je. To je moj stric.
2. ta radi i gdje ivi? 2. to radi i gdje ivi?
1. On je sudija i ivi u Bihau. 1. On je sudac i ivi u Rijeci.
2. Sudija! Da li je amidin posao zanimljiv? 2. Sudac! Da li je striev posao zanimljiv?
1. Kako za koga. On svoj posao voli. 1. Kako za koga. On svoj posao voli.
2. Ja elim da budem advokat. 2. Ja pak elim biti odvjetnik.
Serbian
1. , , .
2. ?
1. .
2. . ?
1. ! . .
2. ?
1. o C.
2. ! ?
1. . .
2. .
67
KINSHIP CHART
Uncles and Aunts
BLOOD RELATIVES THEIR SPOUSES
maternal uncle maternal uncles wife
ujak [B,C,S]....................................................ujna [B,C,S]
daida [B].......................................................daidinica [B]
maternal or paternal aunt maternal or paternal aunts husband

tetka ...............................................................tetak [B,C,S], tea [S]
paternal uncle paternal uncles wife

stric [B,C,S]....................................................strina [B,C,S]
amida [B]......................................................amidinica [B]
Replace brat with sestra, otac with majka, amida [B] stric [B,C,S] with amidinica [B] strina
[B,C,S] and make further versions inserting daida [B] ujak [B,C,S], daidinica [B] ujna [B,C,S], tea
[S] tetak [B,C,S], tetka wherever relevant.
Replace sudac [C] sudija [B,S] and advokat [B,S] odvjetnik [C] with lekarka [S] lijenica [C] ljekarka
[B,S] and medicinska sestra or pisac and prevodilac [B,S] prevoditelj [C].
Make a list of the differences among B, C, and S found in this exercise.
Self-study learners: Extend this list to include material from the preceding four lessons as well.
zGRAMMAR
* Genitive phrases of time *
When an adjective + noun phrase specifies a point in time, it takes Gsg without a preposition. For
instance: idue subote next Saturday, ovog vikenda this weekend. [61b]
* Verbs and aspect *

Perfective verbs are usually made by adding a prefix to a basic imperfective verb. Sometimes this changes
the meaning, essentially creating a new (but related) verb. For instance, adding do- to the imperfective verb
ekati wait creates the perfective verb doekati meet someone [on arrival]. [53b]
* The possessive adjective svoj *

The possessive pronominal adjective svoj ones own is declined exactly like moj and tvoj. It is used if the
possessor is the subject of the sentence. It is optional in 1st and 2d persons (thus I like my work can be
volim moj posao or volim svoj posao). However, it is required in the 3rd person in the meaning ones
own, and impossible in the meaning anothers. Thus, on voli svoj posao means he likes his [= his own]
work while on ne voli njegov posao means he doesnt like his [= anothers] work. [72a]
* The verb budem, bude etc *

The verb biti has a second present tense, used in contexts singular plural
requiring a perfective verb. It is a regular e-conjugation present
tense formed from the stem bud- . [52c] These forms are used in 1st budem budemo
perfective meanings of the verb to be, such as after the 2nd bude budete
conjunction da (as in elim da budem advokat I want to be a 3rd bude budu
lawyer). This is also the stem for the imperative (see Lesson 7).
* Bosnian vocabulary *
Bosnian has a number of Turkish-derived words which reflect its Islamic cultural heritage. Among these
are names for family relations. Thus, the word for mothers brother is ujak in S and C but daida in B,
and the word for fathers brother is stric in S and C but amida in Bosnian. Similarly, grandmother is
baba or baka in S and C, but nena in B. [176a]
68
A4 43,44
VOCABULARY
deset ten ne dolazi u obzir out of the question

dvanaest twelve pojesti, pojedem to have something to eat (P)
izlazak going out popiti, popijem to have something to drink (P)
kada when popodne afternoon
kafana [B,S] caf predstava performance
kako da ne of course, definitely uvee [S] in the evening
kavana [C] caf vani [C] outside
muzej, muzeja museum vikend weekend
napolju [B,S] outside zar really?
navee [B] in the evening zar ne isnt that so?
naveer [C] in the evening zar ne moemo? cant we?
IZLAZAK U GRAD

1. Kad a moe doi sutra? 1. Kad a moe da doe sutra?
2. U etiri sata popodne. 2. U etiri sata popodne.
1. A u koliko sati onda moemo ii u kino 1. A u koliko sati onda moemo da idemo u
da gledamo film? bioskop da gledamo film?
2. U pet sati. 2. U pet sati.
1. eli li da idemo poslije neto pojesti i 1. Da li eli da idemo posle neto da popijemo i
popiti? pojedemo?
2. Kako da ne! 2. Kako da ne!
1. Mama, do kad a on i ja moemo biti vani? 1. Mama, do kad a on i ja moemo da budemo
3. Do deset sati. napolju?
1. Zar ne moemo do dvan aest? 3. Do deset sati.
2. Ne dolazi u obzir! Sutra nije vikend. 1. Zar ne moemo do dvan aest?
Dobro, moete biti vani do jedan aest sati. 2. Ne dolazi u obzir! Sutra nije vikend. Dobro,
moete biti napolju do jedanaest sati.
Replace kino [B,C] bioskop [S] with grad, kafana [B,S] kavana [C], kazalite [C] pozorite [B,S],
muzej and replace film with ljudi, predstava. Replace 4:00 with 7:00 or 11:00.
Note. Both expressions of the infinitive (elim BITI and elim DA BUDEM) are used throughout B, C, S, but
the frequency varies significantly. The first is vastly more common in C, so C as presented here uses only
that form. The second is more frequent in S, so S as presented here uses that form predominantly but not
exclusively. Since in this matter B tends more to the C usage, in this book B is usually (though not always)
presented with the infinitive form. Students will learn the subtleties of usage via exposure to the language.
Dubrovnik cafe National Museum, Belgrade
69
zGRAMMAR
* Negation *
Questions which expect a negative answer or which express surprise begin with the particle zar, followed
by a negated verb, as in, for instance, zar ne moete doi danas? cant you come today? [56d] The BCS
prefix ni- turns the question words ko, tko and ta into negative pronouns. Thus, niko [B,S] nitko [C] (Acc-
Gen nikoga) means nobody, and nita means nothing. Whenever these words appear in a sentence the
verb must also be negated, as in, for instance, ne vidim nikoga I dont see anyone. [56a] The compound
conjunction ni ni means neither nor. If that which is contrasted is a verb, this conjunction takes the
form niti niti. [56c]
* Aspect and prefixation *

Adding a prefix to a verb makes it perfective, and usually changes to meaning to a certain extent. For some
verbs, however, adding a prefix simply indicates a single completed instance of an action. Thus the imper-
fective verbs jesti and piti mean eat and drink in general terms, while the perfectives pojesti and popiti
mean finish eating or drink up (referring in each case to a particular item of food or particular drink on
a particular occasion). [53b]
* More on vocabulary differences *

The vast majority of words in B, C, and S are used by all speakers of B, C, and S with the same meaning. A
number of words, however, are clearly recognized as either Croatian or Serbian, and these words are
marked [C] and [S], respectively, in vocabulary lists. Thus, pairs like vani and napolju outside, kazalite
and pozorite theater, kino and bioskop cinema, vlak and voz train, and tjedan and nedelja week,
are markedly C vs. S words. [172a] Sometimes B will use both (as in the case of outside), sometimes it
will prefer the Serbian word (as in the case of theater and train), sometimes it will prefer the Croatian
word (as in the case of cinema), and in a few instances it will have its own word altogether, as in the case
of family terms But there are also a number of words which, although they are not used with equal
frequency throughout the entire region, are not limited to one area. Thus, for instance, abeceda [B,C,S]
alphabet is used everywhere, while azbuka [S] alphabet is used only in Serbian. In similar fashion,
paradajz [B,C,S] tomato is used everywhere, while rajica [C] is used only in Croatian; and trenutak
[B,C,S] instant, moment is also used everywhere, while momenat [B,S] is used in the same meaning only
in Bosnian and Serbian. In these cases, the markings [S] or [C] do not carry the same meaning as they do in
the first group of words. [172b]
Croatian National Theater
70
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
1. ta to nosi? 1. to to nosi? 1. ta to nosi?
2. Nosim dvanaest jabuka. 2. Nosim dvanaest jabuka. 2. Nosim dvanaest jabuka.
1. A koliko je studenata 1. A koliko je studenata 1. A koliko je studenata ovde?
ovdje? ovdje? 2. Ima nas deset studenata.
2. Ima nas deset studenata. 2. Ima nas deset studenata. 1. Onda svaki student moe da
1. Onda svaki student moe 1. Onda svaki student moe uzme po jednu, a ti i ja po
uzeti po jednu, a ti i ja po uzeti po jednu, a ti i ja po dve jabuke.
dvije jabuke. dvije jabuke. 2. Kako da ne!
2. Kako da ne! 2. Kako da ne!
Replace jabuka with aa vina, komad [B,C] pare [B,S] sira, kruka, olovka, or ah, pecivo, slatki,
ljiva.
Replace student with devojka [E] djevojka [J], ak, momak, prijatelj [B,C] drug [S].
B2
1. ta to ima? 1. to to ima? 1. ?
2. Imam voa. 2. Imam voa. 2. a.
1. Puno ili malo voa? 1. Puno ili malo voa? 1. ?
2. Puno! 2. Puno! 2. !
1. Kakvog voa ima? 1. Kakvog voa ima? 1. Ko ?
2. Imam kruaka, narandi i 2. Imam kruaka, narani i 2. ,
jabuka. jabuka. .
1. Koliko ima kruaka, 1. Koliko ima kruaka, 1. ,
narandi i jabuka? narani i jabuka? ?
2. Ima pet kruaka, tri 2. Ima pet kruaka, tri 2. ,
narande i sedam jabuka. narane i sedam jabuka. e .
Replace italicized words with: jagoda, or ah, smokva, ljiva.
B3
1. ega ima mnogo, a eg a malo? 1. ega ima puno, a ega malo?
2. Ima mnogo vremena, a malo novca. 2. Ima puno vremena, a malo novca.
Replace vrem e [E] vrijem e [J] and novac with the pairs:
a) bela [E] bijela [J] maka, crni pas; b) sreni [S] sretni [B,C] student, tuni student; c) teki posao, lahki
[B] laki [B,C,S] odmor; d) uta kruka, crvena jabuka.
71
B4
1. ta eli da radi idueg 1. to eli raditi idueg 1. a
vikenda? vikenda? ?
2. Idueg vikenda hou da 2. Idueg vikenda hou ii u 2.
idem u London. London. .
Replace vikend with: ned elja [S] sedmica [B] tjedan [C].
Replace London with Bosna i Her cegovina, Crna Gora, Grka, Hrvatska, Maarska, Pariz, Srbija.
B5
1. Imam deset slatkih sokova.
2. Kad a uzmem est, koliko ih onda ima?
1. Onda imam etiri slatka soka.
Replace the numbers 10 and 6 with others, and replace slatki sok with: dobro pitanje, dugo pismo,
slobodna nedelja [S] sedmica [B] slobodni tjedan [C], tuni film, vana stvar.
B6
1. Idem do amide! Nema me 1. Idem do strica! Nema me 1. Idem do strica! Nema me
do 9 sati navee! Idemo do 9 sati naveer! Idemo do 9 sati uvee! Idemo
zajedno u grad. zajedno u grad. zajedno u grad.
2. Ne tie me se ta radi kod 2. Ne tie me se to radi kod 2. Ne tie me se ta radi kod
amide, ali mora doi do strica, ali mora doi do strica, ali mora da doe
8:00. 8:00. do 8:00.
1. Kako mogu doi u 8:00 ako 1. Kako mogu doi u 8:00 ako 1. Kako mogu da doem u
smo vani do 9:00? smo vani do 9:00? 8:00 ako smo napolju do
2. Mora. Ove sedmice ide u 2. Mora. Ovog tjedna ide u 9:00?
kolu ujutro. kolu ujutro. 2. Mora. Ove nedelje ide u
kolu ujutro.
Replace grad with: bioskop [S] kino [B,C], kafana [B,S] kavana [C], kazalite [C] pozorite [B,S].
Replace am ida [B] stric [B,C,S] with amidinica [B] strina [B,C,S], daida [B] ujak [B,C,S],
daidinica [B] ujna [B,C,S], tetka.
Replace ujutro with popodne.
Redo B6 to read as if there are two parents speaking instead of one.
Elementary and secondary schools in the cities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, and
Serbia generally work in two shifts. Students alternate, attending morning classes one week, and afternoon
classes the next.
72
B7
Answer the following questions, which make reference to the dialogues in 5A1, 5A2, 5A3 and 5A4:
A1. a. [B,S] Kuda idu make i zato?

[C] Kamo idu make i zato?
b. Zar make jedu kruke?
c. Koliko kruaka uzima svaka maka?
A2 a. Zato ide broj 1 u banku i kako?
b. U koliko sati dolazi broj 1 na ruak i zato?
A3 a. [B,S] Ko dolazi na stanicu, majin ili oev brat?
[C] Tko dolazi na kolodvor, majin ili oev brat?
b. [B,S] ta on radi i zato?
[C] to on radi i zato?
A4 a. [B,C] U koliko sati idu broj 1 i broj 2 u kino?
[S] U koliko sati idu broj 1 i broj 2 u bioskop?
b. [B,C] ele li neto pojesti i popiti poslije kina? Ako ele, zato ele? Ako ne ele,
zato ne ele?
b. [S] Da li ele neto da pojedu i popiju posle bioskopa? Ako ele, zato el e?
Ako ne ele, zato ne ele?
c. [B,C] Zato oni ne mogu biti vani do dvanaest sati?
c. [S] Zato oni ne mogu biti napolju do dvanaest sati?
Prepare two questions of your own, based on the dialogues in the A sections, to ask another student in
class. Use the question words zar, koliko, odakle or zato.
Lock & Key

Production and sale of
secure locks, safes and cylinders
Founded in 1970
73
C1
Mala Mara i njene ivotinje
uti, ujem to hear (I/P) pevati, pevam to sing (I)

igrati, igram to play (I) pjesma song
kod kue at home pjevati, pjevam to sing (I)
lopta ball ptiiji, ptiije, ptiija [B,S] bird (adj)
najbolje the best ptiji, ptije, ptija [C] bird (adj)
najzad finally razred class, grade (year in school)
ne voli da uje wont hear of it kola school
niti neither voditi, vodim to take, lead (I)
niti ... niti neither nor za vreme during
nositi, nosim to take, carry (I) za vrijeme during
odmor recess, rest period zvidati, zvidim to whistle (I)
pesma song ivotinja animal
Mala Mara ima (veliki uti pas). Njen pas se zove uko. Ona ima i (mala maka)
(crna boja). Mara i uko esto igraju lopte zajedno. Maka ne igra lopte. Ona to ne voli. Mara
ima i (ptica) (plava boja). Marina ptica vrlo lijepo pjeva kad je Mara kod (kua). Najzad, Mara
ima i (jedna arena zmija). arena zmija je tanka i duga. Ona niti igra lopte, niti pjeva.
Mara ide svaki dan u (kola). Ona je ak prvog razreda. U (ponedjeljak) vodi (uti pas) u
(kola). Marin uitelj voli (uko). Za vrijeme (od mor) svi aci igraju lopte zajedno. U (utorak)
Mara vodi (crna maka) u (kola). Ni maka ni uitelj to ne vole. Niko ne igra lopte. Maka gleda
(uitelj), i uitelj gleda (maka).
U (srijeda) Mara nosi (ptica) (plava boja) u (kola). Svi vole (ptica), jer tako lijepo pjeva.
Ne mogu da pjevaju kao ptica, ali mogu da zvide uz (ptija pjesma). Svi to rade svaki put kad
ona pjeva. U (etvrtak) Mara nosi (zmija) u (kola). Niko to ne voli ni uitelj, ni zmija, ni drugi
aci. Niko ne zna ta da radi.
U (petak) Mara nita ne vodi niti ta nosi u (kola). Sve njene ivotinje su kod kue.
Uitelj kae da je to najbolje. Ali Mara ne voli to da uje.
Write this story out, giving the words in parentheses the endings they require.
Try to figure out whether this story is written in Bosnian, Serbian or Croatian. Which are the words
that might help you decide? Try to make this decision on your own before looking at the answer at the
bottom of p. 78. Then list all the words which prove this to be the right answer.
74
C2
Provide opposites for the following words.
Bosnian and Croatian Serbian Bosnian and Croatian Serbian
adjectives adjectives adverbs adverbs

zao mnogo
lak [lahak] daleko
dosadan
dug pronouns pronouns
mali neko or netko
topao neto
crn
ruan
debeo o
nizak
ozbiljan
C3
1. I have ten colorful cats.

2. They go to the theater, we go to a cafe.
3. Alexander is hungry. First, he eats ten oranges, five figs, three apples, and seven pieces of
cheese, and then he is not hungry.
4. Three heavy dictionaries and three light books are near the window.
5. Two happy (female) students see six sad (male) students.
6. There are no fat birds.
7. Next week I am going to South America!
8. Students watch professors and teachers every day.
9. His maternal uncles wife and her maternal uncles wife are friends, and they are arriving at the
station on Saturday at 10 oclock.
75
C4
Here are verbs from the first five lessons. For each infinitive, provide its English meaning, and the 1st
person singular (ja) and 3rd person plural (oni) forms.
-a- conjugation -e- conjugation -i- conjugation special conjugation
igrati kazati voditi biti
pevati tei nositi htjeti, hteti
pjevati moi dolaziti
pitati ii moliti
gledati doi traiti , x
imati uti raditi
odgovarati piti misliti
stvarati jesti eleti, eljeti
zvati se videti, vidjeti
uzeti voleti, voljeti
poznavati

,
,
,

C5
ivotinje
Connect word to animal:
pas l
majmun g
maka d
medved, medvjed y
k
zmija
ptica h
76
C6
Place the word in column B into the sentence in column A where it belongs.
Column A Column B
a. Zmije nisu zle ........ su ivotinje. ali
b. Uitelj ........ ne zna koliko ima aka. ako
c. Mala Mara pjeva ........ ptica ........ ptica ne ak
pjeva ........ mala Mara. kao
d. ........ Mara vodi psa uka u kolu, ........ pas jer
i aci igraju lopte zajedno za vrijeme onda
odmora. ve
. Uitelj kae da je najbolje u petak ........ sve
su Marine ivotinje kod kue.

a. ........ .
a
. ........ .

. ........ ........

........ .

. ........ , ........

.
. ........
.
C7
List the time-related expressions found in the dialogues in 5A2, 5A3, 5A4 and 5C1 and then explain the
grammar of each one.
Example: The phrase u etiri sata in 5A2 is an accusative expression of time.

Answer to the question on p. 75: The story is written in Serbian ijekavian.
77
VOCABULARY
oko + Gen around

zemlja country
For help in answering these questions consult the maps below and the map at the beginning of the book.
1. [B,C] Jesu li Srbija i Crna Gora sada jedna zemlja ili dvije?
[S] ?
2. [B,C] Koji su neki od srpskih i crnogorskih gradova?

[S] ?
3. [B,C] Kako se zovu rijeke koje teku kroz Crnu Goru?

[S] y e ?
4. [B,C] Kako se zovu rijeke koje teku kroz Srbiju?

[S] ?
5. [B,C] Koje su zemlje oko Crne Gore?

[S] ?
6. [B,C] Koje su zemlje oko Srbije?

[S] ?
Pria: Albahari
Read Part II of the story Osam malih pria o mojoj eni by David Albahari (p. 341).
78
A1 45,46
VOCABULARY
drava state stol, stola [C] table

dvadeset twenty sunce the sun
kat [C] floor, story sunev sistem [B,S] the solar system
kruiti, kruim to circle, to orbit (I) sunev sustav [C] the solar system
mesec the moon sustav [C] system
mjesec the moon svemir [B,C,S] universe
na + Loc in, on, at esti, esto, esta sixth
nalaziti se, nalazim se to be located (I) taan, tano, tana [B,S] precise
nebo sky toan, tono, tona [C] precise
planet, planeta [C] planet torba bag, sack
planeta [B,S] planet u + Loc in, at
pod, poda floor usred + Gen in the middle of
prostorija premises, room, area vasiona [B,S] universe
sistem, sistema [B,C,S] system vrata (pl form) door
soba room zemlja earth, soil
sprat [B,S] floor, story zgrada building
stajati, stojim to stand (I) zvezda star
sto hundred zvijezda star
sto, stola [B,S] table
U ZGRADI

1. Gdje se nalaze sto i 1. Gdje se nalaze stol i 1. e
stolice? stolice? ?
2. Sto stoji na podu, a stolice 2. Stol stoji na podu, a stolice 2. ,
su oko stola. su oko stola. .
1. A gdje se nalazi sto u 1. A gdje se nalazi stol u 1. ?
sobi? sobi? 2.
2. Sto je pored zida ali 2. Stol je pored zida ali , .
daleko od table, usred daleko od ploe, usred 1.
sobe. sobe. ?
1. Koliko je centimetara od 1. Koliko je centimetara od 2.
stola do table? stola do ploe? .
2. Tano sto dvadeset 2. Tono sto dvad eset 1. ?
centimetara. centimetara. 2. .
1. A gdje je ta soba? 1. A gdje je ta soba? 1. ?
2. Na prvom spratu. 2. Na prvom katu. 2. .
1. Gdje je taj sprat? 1. Gdje je taj kat?
2. U ovoj zgradi. 2. U ovoj zgradi.
First do this exercise using three sequences: 1) stolica, prozor, vrata, prostorija, grad, drava; 2)
olovka, renik [E] rjenik [J], aa, torba, and 3) planet [C] planeta [B,S] zemlja, nebo, sunce, sunev
sistem [B,S] sustav [C], zvezda [E] zvijezda [J], svemir [B,C,S] vasiona [B,S]. For 3) you will need the
phrase kruiti oko revolve around. Then go on to locate objects and people in the room, the place you
live, and the universe, stating what they are next to, near to, far from, on, and in.
79
What Americans would call the first floor is usually called the ground floor (prizemlje) in BCS, while the
second floor is the first floor in BCS, and so on.
Building Dubrovnik State Archive
zGRAMMAR
* Locative case *
The endings of the locative singular [Lsg] are -u for masculine and neuter nouns, and -i for feminine nouns.
Adjective endings are -om for masculine and neuter, and -oj for feminine. The ending -om appears as -em
after soft consonants, but the ending -oj does not change form. [66a] The forms moj, tvoj, svoj can keep
or lose the syllable -je- in these endings: for instance, the Lsg of moj is either mom or mojem. [66b]
masculine neuter feminine -a feminine -cons

Nsg na velik grad nae dobro selo naa dobra zemlja naa fina ljubav
Lsg naem velikom gradu naem dobrom selu naoj dobroj zem lji naoj finoj ljubavi
* Usage of the locative case *

The locative case is used exclusively after prepositions, including pri, o, po and others. [68] It is also used
after na and u. The identity of the case after these prepositions is critical to their meaning: if the accusative
follows, the meaning is motion: onto or into [55a], but if the locative follows, the meaning is location:
on, in or at. [67] Individual words keep their identity as u-words or na-words in either instance.
Normally u-words are those which take in in English and na-words are those which take on or at in
English, but some phrases simply need to be learned as idioms. [67b] The chart below gives examples,
particularly of the way words with broadly similar meanings can differ as to the choice of u or na.
u-words na-words
kola school sveuilite [C] university
univerzitet [B,S]
smena [E] smjena [J] shift, rotation
grad city fakultet university dept.
bioskop [S] kino [B,C] cinema predavanje lecture
drava country koncert concert
kancelarija [B,C,S] office ostrvo [B,S] otok [B,C] island
ured [B,C] odmor vacation
kazalite [C] pozorite [B,S] theater ruak lunch
kafana [B,S] kavana [C] coffeehouse kolodvor [C] stanica [B,S] station
momenat [B,S] moment slika picture
trenutak [B,C,S]
sever [E] sjever [J] north
prozor window
svemir [B,C,S] vasiona [B,S] universe nebo sky
In a few instances a word can be used with either u or na, but with different meanings, as in u selu in [a
particular] village vs. na selu in the countryside; u sudu in the courthouse vs. na sudu in court, etc.
* Irregular plurals *
The word vrata is neuter plural, but is used with singular meaning. Thus vrata su otvorena means the door
is open, regardless of the fact that all the relevant words (subject, verb, adjective) are plural. [75]
80
A2 47,48
VOCABULARY
apsolvent 5th yr. student polagati, polaem to take [exams] (I)

beogradski Belgrade (adj.) poloiti, poloim to pass [exams] (P)
februar [B,S] February predavanje lecture
godina year radi se o + Loc its a matter of
godinu dana [for] a year sarajevski, sarajevsko, sar ajevska Sarajevo (adj.)
ispit exam semestar, semestra semester
januar [B,S] January sijeanj, sijenja [C] January
juli, jula [B,S] July sluati, sluam to attend, to listen (I)
kasan, kasno, kasna late srpanj, srpnja [C] July
koled college studirati, studiram to study (I)
letnji, letnje, letnja summer (adj.) sveuilite [C] university
listopad [C] October kolska godina school year
ljetni, ljetno, ljetna summer (adj.) tek only, just
mesec; Gpl meseci month trajati, trajem to last, to endure (I)
mjesec; Gpl mjeseci month univerzitet, univerziteta [B,S] university
o + Loc about usmen, usmeno, usmena oral
o emu se radi? whats it about? veljaa [C] February
oktobar, oktobra [B,S] October zagrebaki, zagrebako, zagrebaka Zagreb (adj.)
pismeni, pismeno, written zavrav ati se, zavravam se to end (I)
pismena zimski, zimsko, zimska winter (adj.), wintry
po + Loc according to znaiti, znaim to mean (I)
poinjati, poinjem to begin (I) ivot, ivota life
UNIVERZITET [B,S] SVEUILITE [C]
Bosnian Croatian
1. O emu se radi u tvojoj knjizi? 1. O emu se radi u tvojoj knjizi?
2. itala sam o studentskom ivotu na Sar ajevskom 2. itala sam o studentskom ivotu na Zagrebakom
univerzitetu. sveuilitu.
1. I kak av je njihov ivot po toj knjizi? 1. I kak av je njihov ivot po toj knjizi?
2. U knjizi pie da studenti imaju puno usmenih, a 2. U knjizi pie da studenti imaju puno usmenih, a
malo pismenih ispita. malo pismenih ispita.
1. A od kada do kada traje kolska godina? 1. A od kada do kada traje kolska godina?
2. Zimski semestar poinje tek u mjesecu oktobru i 2. Zimski semestar poinje tek u mjesecu listopadu i
zavrava se u januaru. zavrava se u sijenju.
1. A ljetni? 1. A ljetni?
2. Ljetni semestar poinje u februaru i zavrava se u 2. Ljetni semestar poinje u veljai i zavrava se u
julu. srpnju.
1. Zaista kasno poinju i kasno zavravaju! 1. Zaista kasno poinju i kasno zavravaju!
2. Jeste, ali u julu nema vie predavanja, ve su 2. Jest, ali u srpnju nema vie predavanja, ve su
samo ispiti. samo ispiti.
1. A koliko godina obino studiraju studenti u 1. A koliko godina obino studiraju studenti u
Sarajevu? Zagrebu?
2. Predavanja se sluaju etiri godine, a onda su 2. Predavanja se sluaju etiri godine, a onda su
studenti apsolventi godinu dan a. studenti apsolventi godinu dan a.
1. ta znai apsolvent? 1. to znai apsolvent?
2. Apsolventi ne sluaju predav anja, ve samo 2. Apsolventi ne sluaju predav anja, ve samo
polau ispite dok ih sve ne poloe. polau ispite dok ih sve ne poloe.
81
Serbian
1. O emu se radi u tvojoj knjizi?
2. itala sam o studentskom ivotu na Beogradskom univerzitetu.
1. I kak av je njihov ivot po toj knjizi?
2. U knjizi pie da studenti imaju puno usmenih, a malo pismenih ispita.
1. A od kada do kada traje kolska godina?
2. Zimski semestar poinje tek u mesecu oktobru i zavrava se u januaru.
1. A letnji?
2. Letnji semestar poinje u februaru i zavrava se u julu.
1. Zaista kasno poinju i kasno zavravaju!
2. Jeste, ali u julu nema vie predavanja, ve su samo ispiti.
1. A koliko godina obino studiraju studenti u Beogradu?
2. Predavanja se sluaju etiri godine, a onda su studenti apsolventi godinu dana.
1. ta znai apsolvent?
2. Apsolventi ne sluaju predav anja, ve samo polau ispite dok ih sve ne poloe.
First rehearse this conversation and perform it. Then redo the exchange so that it describes studying at
an American university or college (koled).
Self-study learners: Note the names of the months, the use of prepositions, and especially the words that
require the preposition na vs. those that require the preposition u.
THE MONTHS [67d]

B,S: januar, februar, mart, april, maj, juni, juli, avgust, septembar, oktobar novembar, decembar.
C: sijeanj, veljaa, oujak, travanj, svibanj, lipanj, srpanj, kolovoz, rujan, listopad, studeni, prosinac.
Alternate form [B,C]: Ordinal numbers, (prvi mjesec, drugi mesec...), often given as Roman numerals, and
often used without the noun mesec [E] mjesec [J]. [124b]
University in Belgrade
Faculty of Philosopy
University in Zagreb
zGRAMMAR
* Past tense, introduction *
The past tense is composed of an auxiliary verb and a participle. The auxiliary is identical to the present
tense of biti. The participle is called the L-participle because its characteristic marker is the consonant -l-.
For verbs whose infinitives end in -iti or -ati, drop the -ti and add the L-participle endings directly. [69] The
endings of this participle are like those of adjectives ending in -o (such as debeo, debelo, debela). [16c] The
L-participle agrees with the subject in number and gender. In 1st and 2d person the ending depends on the
gender of the person speaking (1st) or spoken to (2nd). [69] Here are the L-participles of biti and itati:
82
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
singular bio bilo bila itao italo itala
plural bili bila bile itali itala itale
* Verbal usage, continued *

Verbs used in the present tense are usually imperfective, but perfective verbs can be used after conjunc-
tions. Some conjunctions, like dok, have different meanings depending on the aspect of the following verb.
Thus, the sentence mi jedemo jabuke dok ti ne jede nita (imperfective verb) means were eating apples
WHILE youre not eating anything; whereas the sentence studenti polau ispite dok ih ne poloe (perfective
verb) means students take exams UNTIL they pass them. [70b] The particle se can be added to an active
verb to make it intransitive and passive. For example, the sentence studenti sluaju predavanja is an active
sentence with the meaning students listen to lectures, while the sentence predavanja se sluaju is a
passive sentence with the meaning lectures are listened to. [74]
* Forms of the locative case, continued *

The locative form of tko / ko is kom e, and that of to / ta is emu. [66c] Feminine nouns in -a whose stem
ends in -k, -g or -h usually shift it to -c, -z, or -s, respectively, before the Lsg ending -i. Some nouns do not
make the shift. It is not usually possible to predict which nouns these are; one must learn this fact along
with the meaning of the noun. [66a]
stem in k stem in -g stem in -h
Nom ko [B,S] ta [B,S]
tko [C] to [C] (Nsg / Lsg) (Nsg / Lsg) (Nsg / Lsg)
Acc koga [ = Nom] ruka / ruci knjiga / knjizi svrha / svrsi
Gen koga ega Amerika / Americi snaga / snazi
Loc kome emu [but] Bosanka / Bosanki papiga / papigi epoha / epohi
* Time expressions *
The preposition u plus the name of a month locates an event in that month. The name of the month can be
used alone, or it can be followed by the noun mesec [E] mjesec [J] month. [67d] Duration of time is
expressed in the accusative without a preposition; for instance, mesec [E] mjesec [J] dana means for a
month. If the unit is a single one, a noun in the genitive specifying the unit of time usually follows; for
instance godinu dana for a year or sat vremena for an hour. [71] To speak of an event that began in the
past but still goes on, use the present tense and the adverb ve (whose basic meaning is already). Thus the
BCS present tense in the sentence i ve tu ve godinu dana corresponds to English present perfect
continuous in the sentence they have been living here for a year. [106a]
* Ordinal numbers *
Cardinal numbers (one, two, three, etc.) count something, while ordinal numbers (first, second, third,
etc.) specify the place of something in a series. Ordinal numbers in BCS are adjectives. Most are formed by
adding the long-form adjective endings directly to the cardinal number. The words for first and second
are different, however, and there are certain minor changes in others. Below are the ordinals for 1 through
12, in the masculine nominative singular form. [109, 123b]
1st prvi 4th etvrti 7th sedmi 10th deseti

2nd drugi 5th peti 8th osmi 11th jedanaesti
3rd trei 6th esti 9th deveti 12th dvanaesti
83
A3 49,50
VOCABULARY
ba mi je drago! I am truly delighted! sjed iti, sjedim to be sitting (I)

bolje better slabo poorly, weakly
jue [B,S] yesterday slati, aljem to send (I)
juer [C] yesterday slika photo, picture
pozdrav greeting star, staro, stara old
pozdravljati, pozdravljam to greet (I) staviti, stavim to put (P)
sad, sada now strog, strogo, stroga strict
sam, samo, sama on ones own, by oneself upravo just, right now
sat vremena [for] an hour ve already
sedeti, sedim to be sitting (I)
KAKO TI JE?
Bosnian Croatian
1. ta ti je bilo jue? 1. to ti je bilo juer?
2. Nto mi nije bilo dobro. 2. Neto mi nije bilo dobro.
1. Kako ti je sad? 1. Kako ti je sad?
2. Bolje mi je. 2. Bolje mi je.
1. ta radi? Kome pie? 1. to radi? Kome pie?
2. Sjedim sama ovdje ve sat vremena i piem 2. Sjedim sama ovdje ve sat vremena i piem
svojoj sestri. A ti, ta radi? svojoj sestri. A ti, to radi?
1. I ja sjedim sam i piem nekome pismo. 1. I ja sjedim sam i piem nekome pismo.
2. Kome ti pie? 2. Kome ti pie?
1. Piem svom starom prijatelju. 1. Piem svojem starom prijatelju.
2. Ba mi je drago! A o emu mu pie? 2. Ba mi je drago! A o emu mu pie?
1. aljem mu pozdrave i piem mu o sebi i o 1. aljem mu pozdrave i piem mu o sebi i o
Bosni. Hrvatskoj.
2. Pozdravljam ga i ja! Zanimljivo! Upravo 2. Pozdravljam ga i ja! Zanimljivo! Upravo
sam stavila slike Crne Gor e u pis mo sestri. sam stavila slike Crne Gor e u pis mo sestri.
Serbian
1. ?
2. .
1. ?
2. .
1. ? ?
2. a . , ?
1. .
2. ?
1. .
2. ! ?
1. .
2. ! ! e e .
Replace: sestra with brat, majka, otac, replace stari prijatelj with dragi profesor, stroga profesorica
[B,C] profesorka [S], and replace Crna Gora with the names of other places, such as Bosna i
Hercegovina, Hrvatska, Kosovo, Republika Srpska, Srb ija, Vojvodina, Juna Amerika.
Replace: Nto mi nije bilo dobro with Bilo mi je slabo or Bilo mi je loe or Bilo mi je grozno.
84
Pictures of Montenegro:
Boka Kotorska The Montenegrin coast near Boka Kotorska
zGRAMMAR
* Dative case *
The forms of the dative singular [Dsg] are exactly the same as those of the locative singular, including the
fact of consonant shifts in stems ending in -k, -g or -h. [66a] The dative case has many different uses. One
is indirect object, as in piem pismo sestri I am writing a letter to my sister. [73a] Another is to speak of
states or feelings. English identifies the person experiencing these as the subject, but BCS identifies this
person in the dative case, as in bolje mi je Im better, or dosadno mu je hes bored. [73g] The state is
always expressed as an adverb, and the verb is always 3rd singular. In the past tense the verb is always
neuter, as in bilo im je dosadno they were bored. [104e]
* Dative and locative personal pronouns *

There are full (long form) pronouns for both dative and locative case meanings. [66d] These full forms
include a reflexive form, which means oneself. Only the dative case has clitic (short form) pronouns.
[66e] Reflexive clitic forms will be learned later. [98]
FULL FORMS SINGULAR PLURAL

Nom Gen Dat-Loc Nom Gen Dat-Loc
1st sg ja mene meni mi nas nama
2nd sg ti tebe tebi vi vas vama
reflexive sebe sebi
3rd sg masc / neut on / ono njega njemu oni / ona njih njima
3rd sg fem ona nje njoj one njih njima
CLITIC FORMS SINGULAR PLURAL

[Nom] Gen Dat [Nom] Gen Dat
1st sg me mi nas nam
2nd sg te ti vas vam
3rd sg masc. / neut. ga mu ih im
3rd sg fem je joj ih im
85
* Word order *
Clitics must occur in a strict order, namely: LI - [aux] - [dat] - [acc/gen] - SE - JE. The capitalized words
refer to actual clitics (JE is 3rd singular), and those in brackets refer to grammatical categories ([aux]
means all clitic forms of biti except je). [64, 76] Examples showing this rule are dajem mu ga I give it to
him (in which [dat] precedes [gen]), ta ti je bi lo? what was the matter with you? (in which [dat]
precedes JE), and ne tie ga se it doesnt concern him (in which [gen] precedes SE).
* The form sam, samo, sama *

Used as a pronoun, the word sam means by oneself, alone. Used as an adjective, it emphasizes the
identity of something or someone, as in na samome danu on the very day. Note that the pronoun is
distinguished from the clitic form sam [I] am or the adverb samo only by its long root vowel. [72c]
A4 51,52
VOCABULARY
ini mi se it seems to me mnogi, mnogo, mnoga many

initi se, ini se to seem (I) riba fish
govoriti, govorim to speak (I) slan, slano, slana salty
hrana food stavljati, stavljam to put (I)
Japan, Japana Japan susjed [B,C] neighbor (m)
jelo dish [of food] susjeda [B,C] neighbor (f)
jelovnik menu svaki every
kiseo, kiselo, kisela sour svaki dan every day
komija [B,S] neighbor (m) sviati se, sviam se + Dat to appeal to (I)
kominica [B,S] neighbor (f) svia mi se [to] I like [that]
kuhati, kuham [B,C] to cook (I) uvek always
kuvati, kuvam [S] to cook (I) uvijek always
ljut, ljuto, ljuta hot, spicy vrsta type
meso meat
TA TI SE SVIA? [B,S] TO TI SE SVIA? [C]

1. Sviaju li ti se vie slatka ili 1. Sviaju li ti se vie slatka ili 1. Da li ti se vie sviaju
slana jela? Moja mama slana jela? Moja mama slatka ili slana jela? Moja
odlino kuha sve vrste odlino kuha sve vrste mama odlino kuva sve
hrane. hrane. vrste hrane.
2. Meni se vie sviaju slatka 2. Meni se vie sviaju slatka 2. Meni se vie sviaju slatka
jela. jela. jela.
1. Voli li meso? 1. Voli li meso? 1. Da li voli meso?
2. Sviaju mi se mnoga jela, 2. Sviaju mi se mnoga jela, 2. Sviaju mi se mnoga jela,
ali ne volim meso. ali ne volim meso. ali ne volim meso.
1. Mama mi je iz Argentine. 1. Mama mi je iz Argentine. 1. Mama mi je iz Argentine.
Ona uvijek govori da se Ona uvijek govori da se Ona uvek govori da se meso
meso mora svaki dan meso mora svaki dan mora svaki dan stavljati na
stavljati na jelovnik! stavljati na jelovnik! jelovnik!
2. Izvinite, ali ini mi se da se 2. Oprostite, ali ini mi se da 2. Izvinite, ali ini mi se da se
meso ne mora jesti. se meso ne mora jesti. meso ne mora jesti.
Replace mama with susjed [B,C] komija [B,S] or susjeda [B,C] kominica [B,S], and replace slatki,
slani with kiseli, ljuti. Replace meso with riba, and Argentina with Japan.
Do the exercise again, this time using plural pronouns instead of ti and ja.
86
Roasts, A la carte, Grill, Prepared Food Always fresh meat
zGRAMMAR
* The words like and love *
The verb voleti [E] voljeti [J] carries the basic meaning love. It also means both love and like when
used before an infinitive, and is used when the state of liking is an enduring one. The idea like in the
sense take a liking to is expressed by the verbs sviati se and dopadati se. The grammar of these verbs
differs sharply from English like in that the person or thing which is liked appears as the subject of the
sentence, and the person who does the liking appears in the dative case. For example, I like her in BCS is
ona mi se svia (literally, she is pleasing to me). [73d]
* Other uses of the dative *

Some verbs take what looks like a direct object in the dative case. For instance, the object of odgovarati
answer (and of certain other verbs) must be in the dative case. [73b] Short form dative pronouns also can
be used to indicate possession. Thus, my brother can be said either as brat mi or moj brat. The first is
somewhat more informal, and is used when the idea of possession has already been mentioned. [73e]
The state of Montenegro proclaimed its independence in 2006. The Montenegrin constitution adopted in
late 2007 proclaimed the official language to be Montenegrin, and in early 2008 the government set up a
council to codify this language. Despite these official acts, however, it is too early to speak in systematic
terms of a Montenegrin language. The establishment of a standard language requires both a lengthy process
of codification decisions and a period during which the codification choices are validated by the commu-
nity which they represent. Furthermore, both these processes rest upon a linguistic awareness with
historical roots going back at least several generations. In the case of Montenegrin, the movement to create
a separate language can be dated only as far back as 1993. Although one can speak of a distinct
Montenegrin cultural identity, the issue of whether the language of Montenegro should be Serbian or
Montenegrin, and the actual form the latter should take if and when it is accepted fully by the Montenegrin
community, continues to be a matter of discussion. Also of relevance is the fact that each of the three
existing standards (Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian) makes reference to a cultural history associated with a
distinctly separate religion. Montenegro, by contrast, does not represent a fourth separate religion but rather
shares this part of its cultural history with Serbia.
For all these reasons no attempt is made here to present [M] alongside [B], [C] and [S] as a fourth linguistic
standard. Montenegrin culture is represented at several points in the book (see pp. 85, 96, 239, 292-296)
and the linguistic traits of Montenegrin are discussed in more detail on p. 296.
87
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
Fill in each blank with the locative form of the word found in the immediately following sentence, Pay
attention to the choice of prepositions!
Example: [B] Gdje je knjiga? Knjiga je (na) ........ . Knjiga je na stolu. Gdje je sto?, etc.
[C] Gdje je knjiga? Knjiga je (na) ........ . Knjiga je na stolu. Gdje je stol?, etc.
[S] Gde je knjiga? Knjiga je (na) ........ . Knjiga je na stolu. Gde je sto?, etc.

1. Gdje je sto? 1. Gdje je stol? 1. ?
Sto je u ........ . Stol je u ........ . ........ .
2. Gdje je soba? 2. Gdje je soba? 2. ?
Soba je u ........ . Soba je u ........ . ........ .
3. Gdje je zgrada? 3. Gdje je zgrada? 3. ?
Zgrada je na ........ . Zgrada je na ........ . ........ .
4. Gdje je fakultet? 4. Gdje je fakultet? 4. ?
Fakultet je u ........ . Fakultet je u ........ . ........ .
5. A gdje je grad? 5. A gdje je grad? 5. ?
Grad je u ........ . Grad je u ........ . ........ .
For #5 enter the name of the state you live in. Replace this sequence with: 1) re [E] rije [J], (na)
papir, (u) knjiga, (u) torba, (u) au to; 2) vrata, (u) zid, (na) kat [B,C] sprat [B,S], (u) zgrada.
Keep a list for yourself of the nouns you encounter which are used with na.
B2
Fill in the blanks with the correct past tense forms of the verbs in parentheses.

1. ta ........ jue ........ (raditi)? 1. to ........ juer ........ (raditi)?
2. Jue ........ ........ (pisati) pismo. 2. Juer ........ ........ (pisati) pis mo.
1. O emu ........ ........ (pisati)? 1. O emu ........ ........ (pisati)?
2. ........ ........ o tebi i sebi. 2. ........ ........ o tebi i sebi.
Replace pisati pismo with itati knjigu, gledati film. Replace tebi i sebi with mesec [E] mjesec [J],
nebo, sunce and other topics of your choice.
88
B3
Give the forms requested of these verbs (1st singular present, and the 3rd person past tense forms for
masculine singular, neuter singular, feminine singular, and masculine plural).
1st sg. pres. masc.sg.past neut.sg.past fem.sg.past masc.pl.past
biti
ekati
itati
dolaziti
gledati
kupiti
kupovati
kruiti
misliti
moliti
odgovarati
pisati
raditi
slati
spavati
staviti
stavljati
znati
B4
1. Evo ae. Na stolu je. 1. . .
2. Stavljam je na rjenik. 2. .
1. Sada je na rjeniku. 1. .
Replace this sequence with:
1) re [E] rije [J], (na) papir, (u) knjiga, (u) torba, (u) auto;
2) vrata, (u) zid, (na) kat [B,C] sprat [B,S], (u) zgrada.
89
B5
1. Kako je Elvisu dan as? 1. Kako je Elvisu dan as?
2. Dan as mu je teko. 2. Dan as mu je teko.
1. Zato? 1. Zato?
2. Zato to dan as ima usmeni ispit. 2. Zato to dan as ima usmeni ispit.
1. Da li sve zna? 1. Zna li sve?
2. ini mu se da nita ne zna! 2. ini mu se da nita ne zna!
Replace: Elvis first with Amila, then with the pair Elvis i Amila.
B6
1. Koja ti se jela sviaju? 1. ?
2. Koja ti se jela ne sviaju? 2. ?
3. ija ti se hrana svia? 3. ?
4. Koje ti se ivotinje sviaju? 4. ?
5. Kakve ti se olovke sviaju? 5. ?
Ask each other these questions and refer to the dialogue in A4, or to the glossary, for vocabulary.
Self-study learners: Replace ti in the above questions with mu, joj, im, nam, vam. Then compose answers
to these questions, paying particular attention to the grammatical requirements of the verb sviati se.
B7
Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian
1. Mama mi je Hrvatica. Odakle je tvoja mama?
2. Moja mama je iz Argentine. A tata mi je Englez.
Replace Hrvatica with Bosanka, Crnogorka, Srpkinja; Englez with Amerikanac; Argentina with
Bugarska, Grka, Maarska. Switch tata and mama. Also use Bosan ac, Crnogorac, Hrvat, Srbin.
6th of August Street
90
C1
Replace the word in parentheses with svoj, njegov, njen [B,S] njezin [C], njihov, choosing both the
appropriate form and providing it with the right endings.
Bosnian
Elvis i Amila itaju knjige u koli.
Elvis ita ........ (Elvisovu) knjigu, a Amila ita ........ (Amilinu) knjigu.
Ona eli itati ........ (Elvisovu) knjigu, a ne ........ (Amilinu).
Elvis ne eli itati ........ (Amilinu) knjigu, ve ........ (Elvisovu).
Tu su i njihovi prijatelji Zlata i Sead.
Oni nemaju ........ (ni Zlatine ni Seadove) knjige, a ne ele itati ........ (ni Elvisove ni Amiline)
knjige.
Oba prijatelja gledaju zidove, prozore, sto i tablu u razredu, i ekaju Elvisa i Amilu.
Croatian
Danijel i Marta itaju knjige u koli.
Danijel ita ........ (Danijelovu) knjigu, a Marta ita ........ (Martinu) knjigu.
Ona eli itati ........ (Danijelovu) knjigu, a ne ........ (Martinu).
Danijel ne eli itati ........ (Martinu) knjigu, ve ........ (Danijelovu).
Tu su njihovi prijatelji Tijana i Hrvoje.
Oni nemaju ........ (ni Tijanine ni Hrvojeve) knjige, a ne ele itati ........ (ni Danijelove ni Martine)
knjige.
Oba prijatelja gledaju zidove, prozore, stol i plou u razredu, i ekaju Danijela i Martu.
Serbian
Danilo i Svetlana itaju knjige u koli.
Danilo ita ........ (Danilovu) knjigu, a Svetlana ita ........ (Svetlaninu) knjigu.
Ona eli itati ........ (Danilovu) knjigu, a ne ........ (Svetlaninu).
Danilo ne eli da ita ........ (Svetlaninu) knjigu, ve ........ (Danilovu).
Tu su i njihovi drugovi Branka i Aleksandar.
Oni nemaju ........ (ni Brankine ni Aleksandrove) knjige, a ne ele da itaju ........ (ni Danilove ni
Svetlanine) knjige.
Oba druga gledaju zidove, prozore, sto i tablu u razredu, i ekaju Danila i Svetlanu.
91
C2

1. Kakve ispite imaju studenti 1. Kakve ispite imaju studenti 1.
na Sarajevskom na Zagrebakom
univerzitetu? sveuilitu? ?
2. Koliko godina obino 2. Koliko godina obino 2.
studiraju studenti u studiraju studenti u
Sarajevu? Zag rebu? ?
3. Kad a poinje zimski 3. Kad a poinje zimski 3.
semestar? semestar? ?
4. Kad a se zavr ava ljetni 4. Kad a se zavr ava ljetni 4.
semestar? semestar? ?
5. ta rade studenti kada su 5. to rade studenti kada su 5.
apsolventi? apsolventi? ?
6. Koliko mjeseci traje kolska 6. Koliko mjeseci traje kolska 6.
godina? godina? ?
C3
Hrana
Connect the word to the food it represents:
v e s t e zj zjl u
hljeb meso riba jabuka naranda sir pecivo kruka aj mlijeko slatki
kruh narana mleko
hleb pomoranda
C4
Insert the verb given in parentheses below the line in its appropriate present-tense form.
1. [B,C] Oni ........ zajedno na fakultetu svakog etvrt ka.

[S] ........ .
(raditi / )
2. [B,C] Ve mjesec dan a ........ filmove svaki dan.

[S] ........ .
([mi] gledati / [] )
92
3. [B] Vi nam ........ idue sedmice.
[C] Vi nam ........ idueg tjedna.
[S] ........ e .
(dolaziti / )
4. [B,C] Prijateljice ........ nekoga po gradu.

[S] ........ .
(traiti / )
5. [B,C] Roditelji ........ misliti na nas.

[S] ........ .
(voljeti / )
6. [B] Mi ........ jabuke, a oni ........ narande, dok vi ne ........ nita.

[C] Mi ........ jabuke, a oni ........ narane, dok vi ne ........ nita.
[S] ........ , ........ , ........ .
(jesti / j) (jesti / j) (jesti / j)
7. [B,C] Student ........ rjenik svojem prijatelju.

[S] ........ e .
(kupovati / )
8. [B,C] Na usmenom ispitu profesori ........ , a mi ........ .

[S] ........ , ........ .
(pitati / ) (odgovarati / )
9. [B,C] a. Ja ne ........ ! b. Ti ........ ! Ti ne ........ , a oni ........ ? To nije dobro.

[S] a. Ja ........ ! b. ........ ! ........ , ........ ? .
(moi / ) (morati / ) (moi / ) (moi / )
10. [B,C] Rijeke Sava, Dunav, Drina i Drava ........ uz granice, ali rijeka Bosna ne ........ uz
granicu.
[S] , , ........ , ........
. (tei / ) (tei / )
C5
Translate sentence (a) of each set into English, and then translate the following sentence or sentences into
B, C, or S, using the first as a model:
1. a. [B,C] Nema maaka u ovoj kui.

[S] .
b. There is no water in this cup.
c. There are no animals in this city.
2. a. [B,C] Sestra joj je iz Kalifornije.

[S] .
b. Our brother is from Hungary.
c. His father is from Montenegro.
93
3. a. [B,C] Oni stavljaju pismo u torbu. Pismo je u torbi.
[S] . .
b. We are putting money into the bag. The money is in the bag.
c. He is putting pencils into the bag. The pencils are in the bag.
4. a. [B] Tabla je na zidu, pored stola, daleko od vrata.

[C] Ploa je na zidu, pored stola, daleko od vrata.
[S] a , a, .
b. The window is on the wall, by the blackboard, far from the table.
c. The many-colored snake is at home, the blue bird is in the schoolroom, but the little yellow
dog is next to the black cat.
5. a. [B,C] Mirjani je teko.

[S] .
b. Zlatan feels cold.
c. Danilo feels well.
6. a. [B,C] Profesori sluaju studente i studenti sluaju profesore.

[S] .
b. Pupils listen to elementary-school teachers, and elementary-school teachers
listen to pupils.
c. Aunts listen to sisters, sisters listen to aunts.
7. a. [B,C] Mi ih pitamo, a oni nam odgovaraju.

[S] , o .
b. They ask us, we answer them.
c. He asks her, she answers him.
8. a. [B] Prostorija je u zgradi, zgrada je na fakultetu, fakultet je na planeti Zemlji,

planeta Zemlja krui oko Sunca, a Sunce je usred svemira.
[C] Prostorija je u zgradi, zgrada je na fakultetu, fakultet je na planetu Zemlji,
planet Zemlja krui oko Sunca, a Sunce je usred svemira.
[S] , , e ,
a , .
b. The table is in the room, the room is at the university, the university is in the city,
the city is in the state.
9. a. [B,C] Idem iz jedne zgrade u drugu.

[S] .
b. I am from New York. Are you from New Orleans?
c. This is a fish from the Adriatic Sea.
10.a. [B,C] Koliko si sati putovala od Pariza do Londona?

[S] a ?
b. How do they go from the Moon to the Sun?
c. This is a letter from your friend from France.
11.a. [B,C] Danas moram ii s ovog poluotoka na on aj.

[S] .
b. He takes the pencil from the table.
c. This is a French-English dictionary [literally: a dictionary from French into English].
94
C6
Replace voljeti in the following sentences by svi ati se, making any other necessary changes.
Example: Volim medvjede. becomes Medvjedi mi se sviaju.
1. [B,C] Voli li predavanja na fakultetu?

[S] Da li voli predav anja na fakultetu?
2. Volim velika vrata.
3. Volim tvog psa i tvoj pas me voli.
4. Oni vole slatka jela, ali vi ih ne volite.
5. Zar crna maka voli arenu zmiju?
6. Marin uitelj ne voli Marine ivotinje u koli.
C7
Fill in the blanks below with the correct dative - locative form of the word in parentheses, and mark in each
instance whether the meaning is dative or locative. Then write out the sentence in full.
1. Piem pismo ........ (svoja majka).

2. Vrat a se nalaze na ........ (visoki zid) u ........ (kolska soba).
3. (Onaj grozni profesor) ........ se ne sviaju naa pitanja.
4. Kupujem knjigu ........ (svoj otac).
5. On ivi u ........ (Juna Amerika), a ona ivi u ........ (Fran cuska).
6. itam knjigu o ........ (plava reka). [E]
itam knjigu o ........ (plava rijeka). [J]
7. ........ ........ (On a ena) nije danas dobro.
8. Meso se svia i ........ (pas) i ........ (maka), ali ne i ........ (majmun).
9. Profesor mnogo govori o ........ (matematika).
10. Ako je i ........ (on) i ........ (ti) slabo, idemo kui odmah.
95
VOCABULARY
istok east poluotok [B,C] peninsula

nekoliko several slovenaki, slovenako, slovenaka [B,S] Slovenian
obala coast, shore slovenski, slovensko, slov enska [C] Slovenian
podruje region, area vie a lot [of]
poluostrvo [B,S] peninsula zapad west

Hrv atska se ne sastoji od vie djelova kao
Srbija (Srbija i Vojvodina), ili Bosna i ( ),
Hercegovina (Federacija i Republika Srpska), (
ve ima nekoliko podruja. ), .
1. [B,C] Koja se podruja nalaze na zapadu

Hrvatske uz Jadransko more?
[S] a
?
2. [B,C] Koji je poluotok blizu Italije?

[S] e je oo ?
3. [B,C] Koje se podruje nalazi na istoku

Hrvatske, uz Dunav i srpsku granicu?
[S] e e
, ?
4. [B,C] Kako se zove dio hrvatske obale od

Rijeke do Zadra?
[S]
?
5. [B,C] Koje je podruje izmeu Zagreba i

slovenske granice?
[S] e je e
?
Note that Maarska is spelled Madjarska on the map above. It is common practice to use the sequence dj
when the letter is not available in ones word processing software. In general, however, the use of is
preferable, since and dj are in fact distinct sounds. In addition, whereas certain words can be spelled both
ways (such as Maarska or Madjarska), many B, C, and S ijekavian words (such as djeca, djevojka or
gdje) can only be spelled with dj. In the developing Montenegrin standard, however, it is now the norm to
spell these ijekavian words with the letter .
Pria: Albahari
Read Part III of the story Osam malih pria o mojoj en i by David Albahari (p. 342).
96
A1 53,54
briga worry nikada never

budi bez brige dont worry omlet omelet
esto often pahuljice (pl form) cereal flakes
doruak, doruka breakfast paprika pepper (vegetable)
dorukovati, dorukujem to eat breakfast (I/P) paradajz [B,C,S] tomato
dem jam ponekad sometimes
ita, iega anything puter [B,S] butter
jaje, jajeta egg rajica [C] tomato
jaje na oko egg sunnyside up s, sa + Instr with
kajgana scrambled eggs sebe self
kiselo mleko yogurt-like beverage sedmi, sedmo, sedma seventh
kiselo mlijeko yogurt-like beverage spremati, spremam to prepare (I)
kobasica sausage spremiti, spremim to prepare (P)
limun lemon sve, svee, svea fresh
maslac [B,C,S] butter svje, svjee, svjea fresh
med honey eer sugar
naravno naturally tost toast
ni neither ukusan, ukusno, ukusna tasty
DORUAK
1. ta jede za doruak? eli 1. to jede za doruak? eli 1. ta jede za doruak? Da li
li jesti sa mnom? Mogu li jesti sa mnom? Mogu eli da jede sa mnom?
neto da spremim za tebe i neto spremiti za tebe i za Mogu neto da spremim za
za sebe. sebe. tebe i za sebe.
2. Obino jedem pahuljice. 2. Obino jedem pahuljice. 2. Obino jedem pahuljice.
1. Sa im ih sprema? 1. S im ih sprema? 1. Sa im ih sprema?
2. S mlijekom i eerom. A ti? 2. S mlijekom i eerom. A ti? 2. Sa mlekom i eerom. A ti?
1. esto dorukujem crni hljeb 1. esto dorukujem crni kruh 1. esto dorukujem crni hleb
sa svjeim sirom i zelenom sa svjeim sirom i zelenom sa sveim sirom i zelenom
paprikom, a ponekad i paprikom, a ponekad i paprikom, a ponekad i
kobasicom, ali nikada ne kobasicom, ali nikada ne kobasicom, ali nikada ne
jedem pahuljice. jedem pahuljice. jedem pahuljice.
2. A ta pije? 2. A to pije? 2. A ta pije?
1. Uvijek pijem kafu s toplim 1. Uvijek pijem kavu s toplim 1. Uvek pijem kafu sa toplim
mlijekom. A ti? mlijekom. A ti? mlekom. A ti?
2. Ja pijem aj bez iega. 2. Ja pijem aj bez iega. 2. Ja pijem aj bez iega.
1. Zar ga ne pije ni sa 1. Zar ga ne pije ni sa 1. Zar ga ne pije ni sa
eerom ni sa mlijekom ni eerom ni s mlijekom ni s eerom ni sa mlekom ni sa
sa limunom!? Kako moe limunom!? Kako moe piti limunom!? Kako moe da
piti takav aj? takav aj? pije takav aj?
2. Naravno da mogu. Budi bez 2. Naravno da mogu. Budi bez 2. Naravno da mogu. Budi bez
brige! brige! brige!
Other breakfast foods: ja je na oko, jedno jaje, kiselo mleko [E] mlijeko [J], maslac [B,C,S] puter
[B,S], med, paradajz [B,C,S] rajica [C], tost, voe; and the phrases slatki dem, ukusni omlet, velika
kajgana. Describe your own breakfast habits: what you usually eat and what you never eat.
97
Self-study learners: Pay attention to the way that s and sa are used and to the endings of the nouns and
adjectives that follow them. Note the declension of the word to or ta, especially the instrumental form
im e, and the declension of the related word ita, especially the genitive form iega.
Bread
Burek
Rolls
Flaky pastry
Various
cakes
zGRAMMAR
* Instrumental case *
The ending of the instrumental singular [Isg] is -om for feminine nouns in -a. For masculine and neuter
nouns it is -om (which appears as -em after a soft consonant). The adjective ending is -im for masculine-
neuter and -om for feminine. No shift occurs after soft consonants in the feminine forms. [79a] The Isg
ending of feminine nouns in a consonant is either -i or -u, the latter accompanied by certain changes in the
preceding consonant. Most such nouns occur with both endings, but some only with the ending -i. Only the
-u endings are illustrated below; the -i endings are exactly like the Gsg and DLsg of these nouns. [79b]
masculine neuter feminine -a feminine -cons.

Nsg vaan grad / mu lepo selo / more naa zemlja vaa re / kost
Isg vanim gradom / muem lepim selom / morem naom zem ljom vaom reju / kou
* The instrumental case of pronouns *

In interrogative pronouns (right), and in 1st and 3rd singular WHO WHAT
personal pronouns (below), there are two forms of the instru-
mental: a shorter and a longer one. There are only full form Nom tko / ko to / ta
personal pronouns. In the plural, Dat, Loc and Instr all have Acc koga to / ta
the same ending. Prepositions ending in a consonant must add Gen koga ega
-a before mnom. All prepositions take the accent before Dat-Loc kome emu
mnom: sa mnom, preda mnom. [79c-d] The words nita Instr kim, kim e im, im e
nothing, neto something, ita anything [at all] and
svata all sorts of are declined like ta [B,S] to [C]. [62, 92]
FULL FORMS Singular Plural

Nom Gen Dat-Loc Instr Nom Gen Dat-Loc-Instr
1.sg ja mene meni mnom, mnome mi nas nama

2.sg ti tebe tebi tobom vi vas vama
reflexive sebe sebi sobom
3.sg masc/neut on / ono njega njemu njim, njime oni / ona njih njima
3.sg fem. ona nje njoj njom, njome one njih njima
98
* The instrumental case with prepositions *
The instrumental case is used with several prepositions, the most frequently occurring of which is s with.
If the following word begins with s, z, , or , this preposition must take the form sa. In B it sometimes
appears as sa in other instances as well, and in S it usually takes the form sa regardless of the shape of the
word which follows. [80a]
Bus and tram tickets
99
A2 55,56
VOCABULARY
autobus bus prokockati to gamble away (P)

avion, aviona [B,C,S] airplane prometni [C] traffic
bicik l bicycle put, puta journey; way
bojati se, bojim se + Gen to fear (I) radi + Gen for the sake of
budunost, budunosti (f) future saobraajni [B,S] traffic
godinama for years skup, skupo, skupa expensive
hodati, hodam to walk (I) suprug spouse (m)
imati pravo to be right (I) supruga spouse (f)
kilometar, kilometra kilometer tramvaj tram
kola (pl form) car u neku ruku in a sense, in a way
kolima by car ugodan, ugodno, ugodna convenient
mlad, mlado, mlada young vlak [C] train
motocikl motorcycle voz [B,S] train
mu husband voza, vozaa driver
nemoj dont voziti, vozim to drive (I)
nesrea accident, calamity voziti se, vozim se to ride [in a vehicle] (I)
opasan, opasno, opasna dangerous vonja ride, drive (noun)
pa so, and zdravlje health
pravo right (noun) zrakoplov [C] airplane
pred + Instr. in front of uriti se, urim se to hurry (I)
IME IDE NA POSAO?
Bosnian Croatian
1. ime ide ponedjeljkom na posao? 1. ime ide ponedjeljkom na posao?
2. Obino idem tramvajem. 2. Obino idem tramvajem.
1. A utorkom? 1. A utorkom?
2. Utorkom supruga i ja uvijek idemo zajedno i 2. Utorkom supruga i ja uvijek idemo zajedno
urimo se, pa se vozimo autom. i urimo se, pa se vozimo autom.
1. Kolima? Dakle ti si voza! Zar to nije skupo? 1. Kolima? Dakle ti si voza! Zar to nije
2. Skupo jeste, ali je ugodno! Godinama ve skupo?
vozim. 2. Skupo jest, ali je ugodno! Godinama ve
1. A biciklom ili motociklom? To je dobro za vozim.
zdravlje. 1. A biciklom ili motociklom? To je dobro za
2. Biciklom mogu, ali mi se ini opasno voziti zdravlje.
se motociklom. Bojim se saobraajne 2. Biciklom mogu, ali mi se ini opasno voziti
nesree. se motociklom. Bojim se prometne nes ree.
1. U neku ruku ima pravo. Mlad si! Pred 1. U neku ruku ima pravo. Mlad si! Pred
tobom je budunost. Nemoj to prokockati! tobom je budunost. Nemoj to prokockati!
2. Radi zdravlja volim hodati dva kilometra od 2. Radi zdravlja volim hodati dva kilometra od
kue do posla kad je lijepo vrijeme. kue do posla kad je lijepo vrijeme.
100
Serbian
1. ?
2. .
1. ?
2. a , , ce .
1. ? , ! ?
2. , ! .
1. ? .
2. , a .
.
1. . ! . .
2. .
Work up a skit loosely based on this exercise, about going on a trip. Replace supruga with suprug
or mu, posao with put, and tramvaj and auto with autobus, avion [B,C,S] zrakoplov [C], vlak [C] voz
[B,S], peke [S] pjeice [B,C].
zGRAMMAR
* Use of the instrumental case *
The instrumental is used in a number of adverbial expressions. It can express the means of transport: for
instance, ja idem tramvajem, ona ide biciklom, a on ide kolima I go by tram, she goes by bicycle, and he
goes by car. [81a] It is also used to express the time of a regular, repeated action; for instance, ona radi
kasno utorkom she works late on Tuesdays. Used in the plural with a noun of time, it expresses a period
of long duration which still continues; in this meaning it is used with a present tense verb and the adverb
ve; for instance, ve godinama razmiljam o tome Ive been thinking about that for years. [81b]
* Prepositions with the instrumental *

Most other prepositions which take the instrumental case refer to physical (or metaphorical) location.
Among these are pred before, nad above and za behind; the latter is often seen in the idiom za
stolom at the table. [80b]
* Verbs of transport *
Three verbs share the general meaning take [someone or something] [somewhere]. If the object is an
animate being capable of moving under its own steam, one of two verbs is used, the choice of which
depends on the means of transport. If the movement is by foot, one uses voditi and if it is by vehicle, one
uses voziti. The third verb, nositi, is used if the object to be taken is inanimate or an animate being which
must be carried, such as an infant. The verb voziti drive is used in several different ways. As a transitive
verb it takes an Acc object, which can signify either a passenger, as in voziti enu na posao drive [ones]
wife to work, or a type of vehicle, as in voziti auto drive a car. As an intransitive verb, accompanied by
se, it can mean either simply ride (as opposed to drive), or ride/go by vehicle, with the vehicle
specified in the Instr, as in voziti se autom drive a car or voziti se biciklom ride a bike. [84a]
* Negative imperative *
A negative command (Dont....) is expressed by the form nemoj (plural nemojte) followed by either the
infinitive or da + present tense, as in nemoj to prokockati / nemoj to da prokocka, both of which mean
Dont gamble it away. [78e] As in other instances of infinitive meaning, C nearly always uses the
infinitive form, S usually uses da + present tense, and B uses both.
* Negated moi vs. morati *

In the affirmative, moi means can, be able to, and morati means must, be obliged to. But with
negation, the meanings shift. The English idea must not is expressed by negated moi, whereas negated
morati means only not be obliged to. For example: ne moe tako! You mustnt [do it] that way! vs. ne
mora tako You dont have to [do it] that way. Negated moi also continues to mean not be able to, as
in ne mogu tako I cant [do it] that way. [142]
101
A3 57,58
VOCABULARY
akcioni film action movie odneti, odnesem to take away (P)

crtani film animated film odnijeti, odnesem to take away (P)
dokumentarac, dokumentarca documentary [film] ovamo [toward] here
duhovit, duhovito, duhovita witty pouriti, pourim to hurry up (P)
hajde lets [+ verb]; lets go pusti me na miru! leave me be!
k, ka + Dat to, toward pustiti, pustim to release, to let go (P)
kaput, kaputa coat razumeti, razumem to understand (I/P)
limunada [B,S] romantic comedy razumjeti, razumijem to understand (I/P)
ljubi [B,C] romantic comedy rei [reknem] to say (P)
ma nemoj! you dont say! sluga (m) servant
ma, daj! come on! sluati to hear, to listen to (I)
mir peace spavanje sleep; sleeping
neka + 3rd person verb let [someone] + verb spavati, spavam to sleep (I)
nemojmo lets not triler thriller
MA NEMOJ!
Bosnian Croatian
1. Molim te, doi ovamo i daj mi jabuku. 1. Molim te, doi ovamo i daj mi jabuku.
2. Izvoli jabuku! 2. Izvoli jabuku!
1. Hvala! I sada pouri! Idi do Redije i odnesi 1. Hvala! I sada pouri! Idi k Ines i odnesi joj
joj ovu knjigu. ovu knjigu.
2. Ma nemoj! Pusti me na miru! Nisam ti ja 2. Ma nemoj! Pusti me na miru! Nisam ti ja
sluga! sluga!
1. Dobro, razumijem. uj, idem sam do nje sa 1. Dobro, razumijem. uj, idem sam k njoj s
knjigom! knjigom!
2. to se mene tie, radi ta hoe. 2. to se mene tie, radi to hoe.
1. Nemojmo tako. Kai, moemo li te Redija i 1. Nemojmo tako. Reci, moemo li te Ines i ja
ja voditi u kino? voditi u kino?
2. Ne da mi se. Neka on a ide s tobom. Meni se 2. Ne da mi se. Neka on a ide s tobom. Meni se
spava. Pojedi tu jabuku i idite u kino. spava. Pojedi tu jabuku i idite u kino.
1. Ma, daj! Kakvo spav anje! Hajde da gledamo 1. Ma, daj! Kakvo spav anje! Hajde da gledamo
neki duhoviti film. Uzmi kaput pa idemo! neki duhoviti film. Uzmi kaput pa idemo!
Serbian
1. Molim te, doi ovamo i daj mi jabuku.
2. Izvoli jabuku!
1. Hvala! A sada pouri! Idi do Ane i odnesi joj ovu knjigu.
2. Ma nemoj! Pusti me na miru! Nisam ti ja sluga!
1. Dobro, razumem. Sluaj, idem sam do nje sa knjigom!
2. to se mene tie, radi ta hoe.
1. Nemojmo tako. Kai, da li Ana i ja moemo da te vodimo u bioskop?
2. Ne ide mi se. Neka ona ide s tobom. Meni se spava. Pojedi tu jabuku i idite u bioskop.
1. Ma, daj! Kakvo spav anje! Hajde da gledamo neki duhoviti film. Uzmi kaput pa idemo!
Replace jabuka with keks, jagoda, smokva. Replace Ana, Ines, Redija with tata, Sin ia, Hamdija,
Luka, mama. Replace duhoviti film with akcioni film, crtani film, dokumentar ac, limunada [B,S] ljubi
[B,C], triler.
102
zGRAMMAR
* The imperative mood, continued *
To form the imperative stem, drop the final vowel of the 3rd plural present. If what remains is -j, leave it
alone; otherwise add -i. [78a] This form is the singular imperative, used with persons one speaks to as ti.
To form the plural imperative (used with persons one speaks to as vi), add the syllable -te. [78b] To form
the inclusive imperative, often translated as lets... , add the syllable -mo. This latter meaning is more
frequently expressed by the word hajde followed by the infinitive (or da + present). [78c] The sequence
neka + 3rd person verb is translated let..., for example neka ue let him in / have him come in. [78d]
The verb rei say is used rarely in the present tense but frequently in the imperative: reci, recite, recimo.
infinitive 3rd pl present sg imperative pl imperative inclusive

dati daju daj dajte dajmo
kupovati kupuju kupuj kupujte kupujmo
doi dou doi doite doimo
odneti [E] odnijeti [J] odnesu odnesi odnesite odnesimo
uzeti uzmu uzmi uzmite uzmimo
* Verbs of transport, continued *

The basic transport verbs nositi, voditi, and voziti mean, carry, lead by foot, and take by vehicle,
respectively. Their perfective partners preserve these basic meanings, but are formed from different stems;
furthermore, they only occur with prefixes. For example: odneti [E] odnijeti [J] (1st sg. odnesem) carry
[away], odvesti (1st sg. odvedem) lead [away], and odvesti (1st sg. odvezem) drive [away]. [84a]
* Inclinational se-verbs *
To express the idea that a person feels like performing (or not performing) a particular action, use the 3rd
singular form of the verb plus se, and identify the person in the dative case; for instance meni se spava I
feel sleepy, or nama se ne ide we dont feel like going. If the action is not specified but is understood
from the context, the phrase ne da se (+ dative) is often used in Bosnian and Croatian, as in ne da mi se
Im not in the mood. In Serbian, however, this phrase means I dont feel like giving [it]. [82b]
* Prepositions meaning to [a person] *

Movement toward a person (or toward a persons place of residence) is expressed in Croatian by the
preposition k (+ dative); if the following word begins with k or g, this preposition takes the form ka. For
instance, idi k Ani go to Ana; idimo ka Goranu lets go to Gorans [house]. Bosnian and Serbian use
prepositions with the genitive for this meaning: do for the idea of to a person and kod for the idea of to a
persons house. Thus id i do Ane, but id imo kod Gorana. [84b]
* Aspect, continued *
Most verbs have separate forms for perfective and imperfective. A few use the same form in both perfec-
tive and imperfective meanings, however. Examples are uti hear, videti [E] vidjeti [J] see, ruati eat
lunch, razum eti [E] razumjeti [J] understand. [83a]
Amusing slang usage. There is no affirmative expression corresponding to the negative form nemoj. But B,
C, and S colloquial usage has at times included the option of responding to Ma nemoj! with the
ungrammatical yet popular Ma moj! or Ma da moj! This is surprisingly similar to the English colloquial
habit of responding to No way! with Way!
103
A4 59,60
VOCABULARY
bibliotek a [B,S] library muzika [B,C,S] music

ceo, celo, cela whole poetak, poetka beginning
ceo dan all day poseban, posebno, posebna special
cijel (or cio), cijelo, cijela whole rano early
cijeli dan all day sat; satovi [C] class
as; asovi [B,S] class sredina middle
glazba [C] music stan apartment
jezika laboratorija [B,S] language lab studentski dom, student dormitory
jezini laboratorij [C] language lab studentskog doma
knjinica [C] library svejedno all the same
kompjuter [B,S] computer svejedno mi je I don't care
kompjutor [C] computer ujutro [B,C] in the morning
kraj end ujutru [B,S] in the morning
IME PIE?

1. ime pie? 1. ime pie? 1. e ?
2. Obino piem olovkom. 2. Obino piem olovkom. 2. .
1. A gdje ui? 1. A gdje ui? 1. ?
2. Kad nemam asove 2. Kad nemam satove 2.
ponekad uim u sobi, ali ponekad uim u sobi, ali ,
esto idem u jeziku esto idem u jezini j.
laboratoriju. laboratorij. 1. ,
1. Svaki dan ima svoj 1. Svaki dan ima svoj .
poetak, sredinu i kraj. poetak, sredinu i kraj. ?
Kad a najbolje ui? Kad a najbolje ui? 2.
2. Posebno volim uiti rano 2. Posebno volim uiti rano .
ujutro. Ne mogu uiti nou. ujutro. Ne mogu uiti . ,
A ti, kad najbolje ui? nou. A ti, kad najbolje ?
1. Svejedno mi je, ujutro, ui? 1. , ,
popodne ili uvee. A kad a 1. Svejedno mi je, ujutro, .
slua muziku? popodne ili naveer. A ?
2. Muziku sluam cijeli dan. kada slua glazbu? 2. .
2. Glazbu sluam cijeli dan.
Replace olovka with fino pero, hemijska [B,S] kemijska [C] olovka, kompjuter [B,S] kompjutor [C],
obina olovka; replace soba with studentski dom, stan; replace jezika laboratorija [B,S] jezini
laboratorij [C] with kafana [B,S] kavana [C], knjinica [C] bibliotek a [B,S].
Redo the exercise so that it reflects your own study habits.
Retell the exercise in the past tense.
The word for pencil, olovka, comes from the word for lead, olovo. After olovka came to mean general
writing implement, there emerged the phrase hem ijska [B,S] kem ijska [C] olovka meaning ball-point
pen, and this led to the formation of the phrase obina olovka, with the specific meaning pencil.
104
zGRAMMAR
* Instrumental of means *
The instrumental is used alone without a preposition in certain meanings expressed by English with. It is
this usage, by which one identifies the tool or the means used to accomplish an action, which gives the
instrumental case its name. For instance, piem plavom olovkom I write with a blue pencil. [81a] Be
careful to avoid the tendency to use the preposition s / sa in this meaning.
* Variation in suffixes and gender of nouns *

The same adjective root often uses different suffixes in different areas, as in the example jeziki [B,S] vs.
jezini [C]. When nouns are borrowed from another language, they sometimes are placed in different
gender classes. For instance, the nouns meaning laboratory and planet are feminine in B and S, but
masculine in C: laboratorija [B, S] planeta [B, S] vs. laboratorij [C] planet [C]. [172a]
The words for where. There are three question words which mean where. These are gde [E] gdje [J],
kamo, and kuda. It used to be the case that their meanings were clearly distinguished throughout the region:
gde [E] gdje [J] referred to location, kamo referred to the goal of ones movement (where to), and kuda
referred to the path taken (which way). Although these meanings are still seen in the adverbs ovamo
over here, to here, and ovuda this way, by this path, the distinction is gradually being lost in the words
meaning where. Officially, C still distinguishes kamo where to from kuda which path, but Croats
freely use kuda in the meaning where to as well. In B and S, both kuda and gde [E] gdje [J] are used in
the meaning where to, and the idea which path is expressed in B,C, and S by the phrase kojim putem.
The whole process is similar to English, which is losing the distinction between whither and where.
Trams on Ban Jelai Square in Zagreb.
105
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
Questions to ask each other:
1. Sa im pije kafu? 1. S im pije kavu? 1. Sa im pije kafu?
2. Sa im pije aj? 2. S im pije aj? 2. Sa im pije aj?
3. Sa im sprema jaja? 3. S im sprema jaja? 3. Sa im sprema jaja?
4. Sa im sprema omlet? 4. S im sprema omlet? 4. Sa im sprema omlet?
In your answers, use the vocabulary from the dialogue in A1.
B2
1. Zar nema s kim ii u 1. Zar nema s kim ii u 1.
grad? grad? ?
2. Nemam. 2. Nemam. 2. .
1. Onda hajde sa mnom! 1. Onda hajde sa mnom! 1. !
Replace u grad with na sveuilite [C] univerzitet [B,S], u bioskop [S] kino [B,C], u kazalite [C]
pozorite [B, S].
B3
1. ime voli putovati? 1. ime voli putovati? 1. ime voli da putuje?
2. Volim da putujem vozom. 2. Volim putovati vlakom. 2. Volim da putujem vozom.
1. Zna li ga sama voziti? 1. Zna li ga sama voziti? 1. Da li zna sama da ga
2. Ne, ne. Ja se vozim a neko 2. Ne, ne. Ja se vozim a netko vozi?
drugi mora da bude voza. drugi mora biti voza. 2. Ne, ne. Ja se vozim a neko
drugi mora da bude voza.
Replace vlak [C] voz [B,S] with kola or auto, avion [B,C,S] zrakoplov [C].
B4
1. Preda mnom je budunost! 1. Preda mnom je budunost! 1. !
2. A ta misli da radi sa 2. A to misli raditi sa 2.
svojom budunou? svojom budunou? ?
1. Danima ve mislim o putu. 1. Danima ve mislim o putu. 1. a .
2. Pa onda putuj! Nikad se ne 2. Pa onda putuj! Nikad se ne 2. !
zna ta nosi sutra! zna to nosi sutra! !
Rewrite the conversation six different ways, so that the speaker is not ja but rather ti, vi, mi, on,
ona, or oni, changing the verbs accordingly in each rewrite. Replace svoja budunost with ova crna
no, ovaj lepi [E] lijepi [J] ivot, ova velika ljubav; replace put and putovati with ljub av and voleti [E]
voljeti [J]; sveuilite [C] univerzitet [B,S], and uiti.
106
B5
1. Dobro jutro! Moramo se 1. Dobro jutro! Moramo se 1. Dobro jutro! Moramo da se
uriti u kolu jer danas uriti u kolu jer danas urimo u kolu jer danas
imamo velik ispit. imamo velik ispit. imamo velik ispit.
2. Dobro jutro. Ne moete 2. Dobro jutro. Ne moete 2. Dobro jutro. Ne moete
tako brzo. Prvo morate tako brzo. Prvo morate tako brzo. Prvo morate
dorukovati radi zdravlja. dorukovati radi zdravlja. dorukovati radi zdravlja.
Ne morate nita piti, ali Ne morate nita piti, ali Ne morate nita piti, ali
morate jesti. A tek onda morate jesti. A tek onda morate da jedete. A tek
moete ii u kolu. moete ii u kolu. onda moete da idete u
1. Ne dolazi u obzir. Ne 1. Ne dolazi u obzir. Ne kolu.
moemo dorukovati zbog moemo dorukovati zbog 1. Ne dolazi u obzir. Ne
ispita. Moramo odmah ii. ispita. Moramo odmah ii. moemo da dorukujemo
Dovienja. Dovienja. zbog ispita. Moramo odmah
2. Dobro, dobro. Ne morate 2. Dobro, dobro. Ne morate da idemo. Dovienja.
dorukovati ako ne elite. dorukovati ako ne elite. 2. Dobro, dobro. Ne morate
Dovienja. Dovienja. dorukovati ako ne elite.
Dovienja.
Replace u kolu with na posao and velik ispit with teak problem. You may replace Ne dolazi u obzir
with Pustite nas na miru! Ma nemoj! Ma, daj! Nisam vam ja sluga! but be aware that these expressions
are not courteous. Read the explanation on p. 101 about the negation of moi and morati.
B6
1. Molim te, uzmi obinu olovku! 1. , !
2. Evo, imam je. 2. , .
1. Sada pii njome! 1. e!
2. Piem. 2. .
Replace ob ina olovka with brzi vlak [C] voz [B,S], mali tramvaj, and pisati with ii, voziti, putovati.
B7
1. Kad a ima jezike vjebe na 1. Kad a ima jezine vjebe na 1. Kad a ima jezike vebe na
fakultetu? fakultetu? fakultetu?
2. Obino ih imam 2. Obino ih imam 2. Obino ih imam
ponedjeljkom, srijedom i ponedjeljkom, srijedom i ponedeljkom, sredom i
petkom ujutro. petkom ujutro. petkom ujutro.
1. A kada slua predavanja? 1. A kada slua predavanja? 1. A kada slua predavanja?
2. Njih imam obino po podne, 2. Njih imam obino po podne, 2. Njih imam obino po
utorkom i etvrtkom. utorkom i etvrtkom. podne, utorkom i
1. A koje druge asove ima? 1. A koje druge satove ima? etvrtkom.
2. Sluam ih nekoliko jo. 2. Sluam ih nekoliko jo. 1. A koje druge asove ima?
1. A kada onda ui? 1. A kada onda ui? 2. Sluam ih nekoliko jo.
2. Kasno navee, i subotom i 2. Kasno naveer, i subotom i 1. A kada onda ui?
nedjeljom. nedjeljom. 2. Kasno uvee, i subotom i
nedeljom.
Adapt this to describe your own week and the way in which you organize your days.
107
C1
First practice the dialogue in A1 outside of class so that you can perform it in class as a skit. Then write a
paragraph about what you eat for breakfast on Mondays, Saturdays and Sundays.
C2
Insert the appropriate preposition:
1. Dobar ivot je ........ tobom.

(in front of)
2. Oni sutra putuju ........ Njujorka ........ Bostona.

(from) (to)
3. Majka mi je ........ San Franciska.

(from)
4. Hajde ........ mnom ........ grad!

(with) (to)
5. Uzmi olovku ........ stola.

(from)
6. Daj mi knjigu ........ torbe.

(from)
7. Pii pismo ........ papiru.

(on)
8. [B] Stavi onaj komad papira ........ teku a ne ........ teku!

[C] Stavi onaj komad papira ........ biljenicu a ne ........ biljenicu!
[S] Stavi onaj komad papira ........ svesku a ne ........ svesku!
(on) (in)
9. Kai mu ........ svojoj ljubavi iz mladih dana!

(about)
10. [B,C] Razumije sve ........ rjenika!

[S] Razume sve ........ renika!
(without)
11. Daj joj doruak ........ osam sati!

(before)
12. [B,S] Sunce je ........ Sunevog sistema.

[C] Sunce je ........ Suneva sustava.
(in the middle of)
108
C3
Make ten short sentences in which you combine the nouns and adjectives in column A with an imperative
formed from one of the verbs in column B. Make at least two negative sentences.
Example: A. B.
ar en, zmija pogledati
becomes Pogledaj arenu zmiju!
A B
1. sladak, jelo pisati
2. debeo, pismo dati
3. aren, tramvaj voziti se
4. dosadan, ovek [E] ovjek [J] ii
5. dobar, ivot spremiti
6. odlian, film biti
7. tuan, muzika [B,S] glazba [C] sluati
8. lep [E] lijep [J], grad pogledati
9. duhovit, knjiga prokockati
10. plav, vlak [C] voz [B,S] uzeti
C4
1. Provide some examples from Lesson 6 showing how the locative case is used.
2. Describe the uses of the dative case. Give three examples of datives from Lessons 6 and 7, one
with a preposition.
3. Find examples in the A exercises of this lesson of the use of the instrumental, both with and
without a preposition.
4. List four prepositions which take the genitive case.
5. What ways of expressing time have been introduced in Lessons 6 and 7?
6. What changes sometimes happen to the consonants k, g and h? Give three examples each of
this process, first for masculine nouns in the nominative plural and then for feminine nouns in
the dative-locative singular. Why do you think this change happens?
C5
1. The judge listens to the lawyer.

2. Go to the bank!
3. Her dad understands her.
4. They read their book, and I read their book.
5. Lets not drink our tea with milk or with sugar or with lemon.
6. Look at me, listen to me, talk with me!
7. We saw neither bears nor dogs.
8. Many animals live in this world, but there are no animals here in this room now.
109
C6
Translate the first sentence of each set into English, and the two following sentences into B, C, or S, using
the first as a model:
1. a. [B,C] Zar ne razumije francuski?

[S] ?
b. Dont you understand English?
c. Dont you have your own life?
2. a. [B,C] Godinama itam Prousta i Krleu.

[S] .
b. For days I have been riding on the tram.
c. For months he has been driving his own car.
3. a. [B] Utorkom obino uim u biblioteci.

[C] Utorkom obino uim u knjinici.
[S] .
b. Usually on Saturdays I eat meat.
c. On Wednesdays I always have a lecture in the afternoon.
4. a. [B] Piem na njenom kompjuteru, a ne na svom.

[C] Piem na njezinu kompjutoru, a ne na svojem.
[S] e, .
b. She wrote letters to her sister all day.
c. We are listening to our music, not yours.
5. a. Neka ide ako eli!

b. Let them read their books at home. Lets go to the movies!
c. Let her write her homework and then let her go to sleep.
Try translating the short sentence: Budi svoj!
Miroslav Krlea (mentioned in #2) is Croatias most prolific 20th century writer. A dramatist, novelist,
poet, essay writer, satirist, and lexicographer, he is best known abroad for the two novels which have been
translated into English, Na rubu pameti (On the Edge of Reason) and Povratak Filipa Latinovicza (The
Return of Philip Latinovicz).
C7
Redo these sentences as negatives and translate them into English:
1. [B,C] Volim jesti jaja i pahuljice i kobasice za doruak.

[S] Volim da jedem jaja i pahuljice i kob asice za doruak.
2. [B,C] Uvijek pijem aj s limunom i eerom.
[S] Uvek pijem aj sa limunom i eerom.
3. Godinama se bojim zmija.
110
4. [B,C] Hoe li? Moemo!
[S] Da li hoe? Moemo!
5. [B,C] Pred njim je lijepa budunost!
[S] Pred njim je lepa budunost!
6. [B] Petkom imaju cijeli dan predavanja i asove.
[C] Petkom imaju cijeli dan predavanja i satove.
[S] Petkom imaju ceo dan predavanja i asove.
7. Dobro ti je to za zdravlje.
8. Moe sve to eli u ivotu.
Aforizmi Duana Radovia
See the note below about the series of aphorisms, to be presented over the next several lessons. These
aphorisms provide incentives for lively conversations. Think about each one as you read it, and bring a
question to class to ask a fellow classmate. Use phrases such as O emu se radi? in i mi se... Ne in i mi se
and the like.
VOCABULARY
, aphorism [B,C] to flow around (I)

further , [B,S] to flow through (I)
, o, a national , [B,C] to flow through (I)
, [B,S] to drain away (I) line [of people]
[B,S] to flow around (I) more and more
, [B,C] to drain away (I)
, . ,
.
, .
To help students practice Cyrillic and to acquaint them with Serbian life and humor, Lessons 7-14 include
aphorisms by Belgrade humorist and talk show host Duan Radovi, taken from his 1970s morning radio
show called Beograde, dobro jutro (Good morning, Belgrade). His brand of quirky (and often dark) humor
became famous throughout the former Yugoslavia. An understanding of several of these aphorisms will be
aided by knowledge of culture, history or geography, as can be illustrated by the second of the two
aphorisms above. Within the borders of the former Yugoslavia, the Sava was a purely domestic river,
traversing Slovenia and Croatia on its way to Belgrade, where it flows into the Danube. By contrast, the
Danube is an international river, linking Vienna, Budapest and Belgrade as it flows toward the Black Sea.
With this in mind, one can see that Radovi is suggesting that the Danube circumvents Belgrade because it
is far too worldly a waterway to flow through the middle of the city the way the Sava does.
Note the spacing of the words kroz and pored in the Radovi aphorisms. Such typographical s p a c i n g is
often used for emphasis in BCS in place of italics.
111
Vintage postcard of Belgrade: view of the ue from Kalemegdan Park
A view toward the ue from Kalemegdan Park, 2005
The confluence (ue) of the Danube and Sava rivers is located in the center of Belgrade. The ancient
fortress of Kalemegdan towers on the hillside above this spot. It is now the citys most well-known park.
The statue Victory, by Ivan Metrovi, stands high above the ue.
Pria: Albahari
Read Part IV of the story Osam malih pria o mojoj eni by David Albahari (p. 342).
112
A1 61,62
erka, DLsg erki; Gpl erki [S] daughter pod + Instr under
kerka, DLsg kerki; Gpl kerki [B,C] daughter sin son
ki, Asg ker, Gsg keri [B,C,S] (f) daughter siv* gray
lav lion straan, strana terrible
mi mouse strpljen je patience
mlad i, mladia boy strpljiv patient
mudar, mudra* wise veseo, vesela cheerful
nad + Instr above vredan, vredna diligent,valuable
osmi eighth vrijed an, vrijedna diligent,valuable
pametan, pametna intelligent
STRPLJENJE

Djevojke strpljivo sjede za stolom. .
Pod djevojkama su stolice. .
Doruak je u djevojkama. je .
Profesorica gleda djevojke. .
Djevojke ue od profesorice. .
A profesorica ui od djevojaka. .
Dobar dan, profesorice! , !
Replace the pair devojke [E] djevojke [J] and profesorica [B,C] profesorka [S] with the following
pairs: a) pametne erke [S] kerke [B,C] keri [B,C,S] and mudra majka; b) strani lavovi and sivi mi;
c) veseli sinovi and ozbiljni otac; d) vredni [E] vrijedni [J] mladii and dosadni profesor.
Replace pod with nad and replace stolice with lampe.
Once youve used each of these examples, reverse the singulars and plurals of each pair. For
example, instead of strani lavovi and sivi mi, use: strani lav and sivi mievi.
* Starting with Lesson 8, only the masculine form is given for adjectives whose feminine and neuter forms
are made simply by adding -a and -o (or -e) respectively. If a change in the stem occurs, either in spelling
or in accent, then both the masculine and feminine forms are given. Thus only the masculine siv is given,
since the feminine siva and neuter sivo are entirely predictable. But for the adjective mudar, the feminine
form is mudra is also given, since it is not completely predictable. Using the feminine form, however, one
is able to predict with certainty that the neuter form is mudro.
Forbidden
access
to non-employees
113
zGRAMMAR
* Plural case forms *
Although the dative, locative and instrumental cases are considered to have distinct meanings in the plural,
just as they do in the singular, the form is the same for all three in any one noun. Feminine nouns in -a take
the ending -ama and all other nouns take the ending -ima. Masculine nouns whose stems end in -k, -g, -h
make the same consonant shift in DLIpl as in Npl. The ending for all adjectives in these three cases is -im.
[86] At this point, the student should review all singular and plural case forms for nouns, adjectives, and
pronouns. Sample declensions can be found on pp. 323-329. [89a-c]
masculine neuter feminine a feminine -cons.

Npl dobri aci / gradovi mala sela dobre en e fine stvari
Apl dobre ake / gradove mala sela dobre en e fine stvari
DLIpl dobrim acima / gradovima malim selima dobrim enama finim stvarima
* Vocative case, continued *

The vocative case is the form of the noun used to address a person (and, much more rarely, an object). Not
all nouns have a separate vocative case, and the ones which do often have variant endings. Masculine nouns
in -k, -g, -h usually shift the consonant to -, -, - before the ending -e, and masculine nouns ending in a
soft consonant often take the ending -u. A number of two-syllable feminine nouns take the ending -o.
Feminine nouns ending in -ica, however, usually (but not always) take the ending -e. Feminine nouns in a
consonant rarely form the vocative, since they refer almost exclusively to objects or concepts. When they
are used in poetic contexts, however, especially in metaphorical reference to a person, they take the ending
-i. For instance: moja ljubavi [oh] my love!. The vocative of neuter nouns, and all plural nouns, is identi-
cal to the nominative. [88]
masculine feminine a fem -cons.

Nominative sg momak Bog duh prijatelj djevojka uiteljica ljubav
Vocative mome Boe due prijatelju djevojko uiteljice ljubavi
Sarajevo lies in a valley surrounded by mountains, and was

thus well suited to the Winter Olympic Games held there in
1984. Residential neighborhoods, many of them rebuilt since
the war, climb up the surrounding hillsides.
114
A2 63,64
VOCABULARY
braa (sg form) brothers gospoda (sg form) gentlemen

deca (sg form) children miran, mirna calm
dete, deteta child nemiran, nemirna restless
dijete, djeteta child nestrpljen je impatience
djeca (sg form) children
NESTRPLJENJE

Mirna djeca strpljivo sjede za stolom. Mirna deca strpljivo sede za stolom.
Pod mirnom djecom su stolice. Pod mirnom decom su stolice.
Doruak je u mirnoj djeci. Doruak je u mirnoj deci.
Nemirno dijete gleda mirnu djecu. Nemirno dete gleda mirnu decu.
Nemirno dijete ui od mirne djece. Nemirno dete ui od mirne dece.
A mirna djeca ue od nemirnog djeteta. A mirna deca ue od nemirnog deteta.
Dobar dan, djeco! Dobar dan, deco!
First replace nemirno dete [E] dijete [J] and mirna deca [E] djeca [J] with a) dobri brat and zla
braa; b) mladi gospodin and stara gospoda.
Then replace mirna djeca with mirno dijete, and nemirno dijete with nemirna djeca.
zGRAMMAR
* Neuter nouns with added syllable -et- *
Some neuter nouns add
the syllable -et before G, NAsg dete [E] dijete [J] jaje dugme tele Brane
DL and I singular case Gsg deteta djeteta jajeta dugmeta teleta Braneta
endings. Among them are DLsg detetu djetetu jajetu dugmetu teletu Branetu
names of certain males, Isg detetom djetetom jajetom dugmetom teletom Branetom
objects and the young of
the species. [89b, 89d] child egg button calf [name]
* Irregular plurals of dete / dijete, brat, gospodin *

The plurals of these nouns are SINGULAR in
form. They follow the declension of fem- Nom deca [E] djeca [J] braa gospoda
inine nouns in -a, and adjectives modifying Acc decu djecu brau gospodu
them take feminine singular endings. But Gen dece djece brae gospode
these nouns have PLURAL meaning, and Dat-Loc deci djeci brai gospodi
always take plural verbs. For instance: Instr decom djecom braom gospodom
naa deca igraju zajedno our children are Voc deco djeco brao gospodo
playing together. [90]
children brothers gentlemen
115
A3 65,66
VOCABULARY
balkanski Balkan osim + Gen except

uti se, ujem se to talk to each other (I/P) osim toga besides
dalmatinski Dalmatian povremeno now and then
inostranstvo [B,S] foreign lands preko + Gen across, over, via
inozemstvo [C] foreign lands razmiljati, razmiljam to consider (I)
internet internet roak relative
istarski Istrian slavonski Slavonian
javiti se, javim se + Dat to get in touch with (P) srea happiness, fortune
javljati se, javljam se + Dat to get in touch with (I) telefon, telefona telephone
kosovski Kosovo (adj.) vojvoanski Vojvodina (adj.)
JAVI SE!

1. Kakva srea! Pismo od 1. Kakva srea! Pismo od 1. !
roditelja! roditelja! !
2. uje li se esto sa svojim 2. uje li se esto sa 2.
roditeljima? svojim roditeljima? ?
1. Javljam im se obinim 1. Javljam im se obinim 1. J
pismom, a povremeno i pismom, a povremeno i o,
telefonom. telefonom. .
2. Obinim pismom? Zato? 2. Obinim pismom? Zato? 2. o? ?
Zar nisi razmiljao da im Zar nisi razmiljao da im
kupi kompjuter? kupi kompjutor? ?
1. Ne, zato to im volim 1. Ne, zato to im volim 1. ,
pisati pisma, a osim toga pisati pisma, a osim toga , a
oni ne ele imati komp- oni ne ele imati komp- e.
juter. jutor. 2.
2. A kako se javlja student- 2. A kako se javlja ?
ima u inostranstvu? studentima u inozemstvu? 1. a
1. Uvijek im se javljam pre- 1. Uvijek im se javljam pre- a.
ko interneta. ko interneta.
Replace: roditelji with braa, deca [E] djeca [J], erke [S] keri [B,C,S] kerke [B,C],
roaci, sestre, sinovi.
Replace studenti u inostranstvu [B,S] u inozemstvu [C] with: balkanski, bosanski, crnogorski,
dalmatinski, hrvatski, istarski, kosovski, slavonski, srpski, or vojvoanski studenti.
Use this exercise as a model to describe how you communicate with your family and friends.
(No parking) ...except on the sidewalk
116
zGRAMMAR
* Se-verbs, continued *
The particle se has a number of different meanings. One is to add to a verb the general meaning of English
each other. This appears in various ways in the English translation. Thus, uti se means be in touch
(usually by phone), and videti se [E] vidjeti se [J] means meet, get together. [87a] For some basic verbs,
the particle se is simply part of their meaning. If such verbs take an object, this object will be in a case
other than the accusative. For example, the verb javljati se (perfective javiti se) get in touch with takes a
dative object. The means of communication need not be specified; if it is, the instrumental case is used. For
instance: javljam joj se telefonom I call her on the phone / communicate with her by phone. [87b]
A4 67,68
VOCABULARY
ispod + Gen beneath, under sag [C] rug

ispred + Gen in front of sat clock
iza + Gen behind sobni room (adj.)
iznad + Gen up above strana side
katedra lectern, podium strop [C] ceiling
lampa; Gpl lampi lamp stropni [C] ceiling (adj.)
nasuprot + Dat opposite svetlo light
plafon [B,S] ceiling svjetlo light
plafonski [B,S] ceiling tepih [B,S] rug
profesorski professorial
SOBA
1. Gdje se nalazi naa tabla? 1. Gdje se nalazi naa ploa? 1. Gde se nalazi naa tabla?
2. Naa tabla je u sobi na zidu 2. Naa ploa je u sobi na zidu 2. Naa tabla je u sobi na zidu
ispred studenata i blizu pro- ispred studenata i blizu pro- ispred studenata i blizu pro-
fesora, kod profesorske fesora, kod profesorske fesora, kod profesorske
katedre. katedre. katedre.
1. Na sredini zida je, a taj zid 1. Na sredini zida je, a taj zid je 1. Na sredini zida je, a taj zid
je izmeu dva druga zida izmeu dva druga zida iza je izmeu dva druga zida
iza vrata. vrata. iza vrata.
2. Do prozora je s jedne 2. Do prozora je s jedne stran e, a 2. Do prozora je s jedne
strane, a pored vrat a s druge pored vrata s druge strane, strane, a pored vrat a s druge
strane, iznad poda, ispod iznad poda, ispod stropa i is- strane, iznad poda, ispod
plafona i ispod lampi, i pod lampi, i nasuprot vama i plafona i ispod lampi, i
nasuprot vama i pred nama. pred nama. nasuprot vama i pred nama.
1. Pred kim? 1. Pred kim? 1. Pred kim?
2. Pred nama. 2. Pred nama. 2. Pred nama.
The responses given above represent only a few of several possible ways to answer the questions
posed. Try shifting them around, so as to create a different response for each question.
Replace naa ploa [C] tabla [B,S] with: na profesor, ovaj sto [B,S] stol [C], plafonska svjetla [B]
plafonska svetla [S] stropna svjetla [C], sat, sobna vrata, tvoja stolica, veliki sag [C] tepih [B,S], vredni [E]
vrijedni [J] studenti.
Using the map at the beginning of the textbook as a guide, describe the position of cities, rivers and
other topographical features with reference to one another, using these prepositions.
117
zGRAMMAR
* Review of prepositions *
Each preposition takes a particular case. Since most prepositions take the genitive case, it makes good
sense to memorize which prepositions take other cases, and then to use the genitive as the default case. [93]
Many prepositions refer to physical location, but a number are used in other meanings as well. For instance,
the phrase s jedne strane can mean either on one side [of something] (physical location) or on the one
hand (abstract concept). [157c] Some prepositions which take the instrumental, such as pred before, pod
under, nad above, meu between, among, and za behind, also have compound forms which take
the genitive. These are ispred, ispod, iznad, izmeu and iza. [157b]
A view across Zagreb from Novi Zagreb in the south to Mt. Medvednica in the north. The Sava River runs
from east to west along the southern perimeter of the city (just along the row of poplars seen in the middle
of the photograph). The oldest part of the city lies along finger ridges extending from the mountain slopes
toward the Sava River plain.
118
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
Bosanski jezik je izuzetno Hrvatski jezik je izuzetno
zanimljiv. zanimljiv. .
Svakim danom sve vie volim Svakim danom sve vie volim
bosanski jezik. hrvatski jezik. .
Razmiljam o bosanskom Razmiljam o hrvatskom
jeziku. jeziku. .
Bez bosanskog jezika nema Bez hrvatskog jezika nema
sree. sree. .
Pjevam pjesme bosanskom Pjevam pjesme hrvatskom .
jeziku. jeziku.
Sa bosanskim jezikom divno je S hrvatskim jezikom divno je .
ivjeti. ivjeti. , !
O, bosanski jezie! O, hrvatski jezie!
Replace bosanski jezik, hrvatski jezik or srpski jezik with: duga no, hladno pivo, moj/svoj udbenik
za bosanski or udbenik za hrvatski or udbenik za srpski, na dragi kolega, slatko jelo, strani lav, velika
ljubav.
B2
Balkanski jezici su izuzetno zanimljivi. Balkanski jezici su izuzetno zanimljivi.
Svakim danom sve vie volim balkanske jezike. Svakim danom sve vie volim balkanske jezike.
Razmiljam o balkanskim jezicima. Razmiljam o balkanskim jezicima.
Bez balkanskih jezika nema sree. Bez balkanskih jezika nema sree.
Pjevam pjesme balkanskim jezicima. Pevam pesme balkanskim jezicima.
S balkanskim jezicima divno je ivjeti. S balkanskim jezicima divno je iveti.
O, balkanski jezici! O, balkanski jezici!
Replace balkanski jezici with domae zadae [B,C] domai zadaci [S], mali (or veliki) gradovi, mali
psi, nove cipele, teka pitanja, arene make. Continue this exercise by inserting adjectives and nouns of
your own choice.
B3
Ask each other these questions. In your answers, use the prepositions, nouns and pronouns which were
suggested in the dialogue in A4.
1. [B] S kim se vozite svakog jutra? Zato?

[C] S kim se vozite svakoga jutra? Zato?
[S] Sa kim se vozite svakog jutra? Zato?
2. Koliko je duga vaa vonja svaki dan?
119
3. [B,C] Kome se svia voziti se biciklom, a kome voziti se kolima? Zato?
[S] Kome se svia da se vozi biciklom, a kome da se vozi kolima? Zato?
4. ime se javljate svojim prijateljima? Telefonom, pismom ili preko interneta? Zato?
5. Zar ne piete pisma svojim prijateljima? Zato?
6. [B,C] Pored eg a sjedite sada? Zato?

[S] Pored eg a sedite sada? Zato?
7. [B,S] ta sluate svakog dana? Zato?

[C] to sluate svakoga dana? Zato?
B4
Ask each other to locate objects in the classroom, using questions such as the following as prompts.
Self-study learners: Note the position of various objects in your room or house, and then ask yourself
questions about their location. Rearrange things to make the distribution more interesting and to require
you to use as many prepositions as possible.
1. [B,C] Ispod eg a je stolica?

[S] ?
2. [B,C] Pored koga je prozor?

[S] ?
3. [B] Na emu je tepih?

[C] Na emu je sag?
[S] ?
4. [B,C] Pored eg a je knjiga?

[S] ?
5. [B,C] S kim ona sjedi?

[S] a ?
6. [B] Iznad eg a su plafonska svjetla?

[C] Iznad eg a su stropna svjetla?
[S] ?
7. [B] Ispred ega je tabla?

[C] Ispred ega je ploa?
[S] a?
8. [B,C] Nasuprot emu su vrata?

[S] a?
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B5
1. Sat je na zidu. 1. .
2. Rjenik se nalazi na stolu. 2. .
3. Sam sam. 3. .
4. Imam pismo od moje tetke! 4. !
5. Brat mi je visok ovjek. 5. .
Make past-tense versions. Provide both a masculine and a feminine version for #3 and #4.
Rewrite these sentences as negatives.
Now redo all sentences you have just created, this time putting all the nouns in the plural.
B6
Practice with the various ways to express possession (which include the possessive adjective,
the genitive case and the dative case).
State the idea of possession twice, first using the name alone (a), and then using the entire phrase (b).
Example: ija je ova olovka? (moja prijateljica Mir jana)

a. Ovo je Mirjanina olovka.
b. Ovo je olovka moje prijateljice Mir jane.
1. iji je taj crveni auto? (tvoja sestra Duanka)

2. ije je to pitanje? (na profesor Haris)
3. ija je ova no? (njena [B,S] njezina [C] prijateljica [B,C,S] drugarica [S] Nada)
4. iji je taj strani pas? (njihov advokat [B,S] odvjetnik [B,C] Duan)
5. ije je to veliko znanje? (njegova devojka [E] djevojka [J] eljka)
6. ija je ova arena maka? (va koleg a eljko)
B7
1. Kako se kae sudac na bosanskom i 1.
srpskom? ?
2. Kako se kae advokat na hrvatskom? 2. ?
3. Kako se kae panjolska na srpskom? 3. ?
4. Kako se pie Washington na srpskom? 4. Washington ?
5. Kako se kae Evropa na hrvatskom? 5. ?
6. Kako se kau Greece i Hungary na 6. Greece Hungary
bosanskom, hrvatskom i srpskom? , ?
7. Kako se kae kazalite na srpskom? 7. ?
8. Kako se kae bioskop na hrv atskom i 8.
bosanskom? ?
9. Kako se kae kasa na hrvatskom? 9. ?
10. Kako se kae kat na srpskom i bosanskom? 10.
11. Kako se kae sveuilite na bosanskom i ?
srpskom? 11.
?
Play this as a game. One team asks a question, hoping to stump the other team with a word they might
not remember.
121
C1
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate time expression, and translate the sentences into English:
1. [B,C] ........ uvijek idem na predavanja popodne.

[S] ........ .
[fill in the weekday of your choice]
2. [B,C] ........ u ........ idem s prijateljima na more.

[S] ........ ........ .
(Every year) [fill in the month of your choice]
3. [B,C] ........ nisam razmiljala o svojoj ljubavi.

[S] ........ .
(For months)
4. [B,C] ........ idem na koncert u ........ .

[S] ........ ........ .
(This week) [fill in a weekday of your choice]
5. [B,C] esto idem u kino ........ .

[S] ........ .
(on Fridays)
6. [B,C] ........ je ekao da mu se javi telefonom.

[S] ........ .
(For days)
7. [B,C] ........ joj se javio, ali nije bila kod kue pa se nisu uli.
[S] ........ , .
(Yesterday)
C2
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the words in parentheses. For verbs, use only present tense.
Then write out the whole story.
Bosnian
Haris i Nad a su momak i djevojka. Oni su ........ (studenti). U ........ (jul), kad a ........ (zavravati se)
ljetni semestar, Haris ........ (ii) sam ........ (voz) iz ........ (Tuzla) u ........ (Sarajevo), a Nada ........
(ii) iz ........ (Tuzla) ........ (kola) na ........ (Hvar) sa ........ (mama i tata). Dok su Haris i Nada na
........ (put), Harisu je dobro, ali Nadi nije. Haris ........ (javljati se) ........ (Nad a) iz ........ (Sarajevo)
preko ........ (internet). Nad a ........ (javljati se) ........ (Haris) ........ (telefon). Haris razumije ........
(Nada). Nada eli biti sa ........ (Haris). Hvar je lijep, ali poslije dva ........ (dan) ........ (Nada) nije
lijepo na ........ (Hvar) bez ........ (Haris). Ni ........ (Haris) nije u ........ (Sarajevo) lijepo bez ........
(Nada). Haris ........ (kazati) ........ (Nada) da ........ (doi) u ........ (Sarajevo) ........ (trajekt i
122
autobus). Nada ........ (dolaziti) sa ........ (Hvar) u ........ (Sarajevo) i Haris ........ (ii) (Nada)
(doekati) na ........ (stanica). Onda Haris ........ (ii) po ........ (grad) sa ........ (Nada) i ........ oni
(razgovarati) o ........ (Harisov put) i o ........ (Nadin put). Nada ........ (biti) deset ........ (dan) kod
........ (Amila), ........ (svoja tetka), a Haris ........ (biti) kod ........ (Elvis), ........ (svoj amida). Pos-
lije ........ (to) Haris i Nada ........ (ii) u ........ (Tuzla) ........ (voz).
Croatian
eljko i Jasna su momak i djevojka. Oni su ........ (studenti). U ........ (srpanj), kada ........
(zavrav ati se) ljetni semestar eljko ........ (ii) sam ........ (vlak) iz ........ (Varadin) u ........
(Zagreb), a Jasna ........ (ii) iz ........ (Varadin) ........ (kola) na ........ (Hvar) s ........ (mama i tata).
Dok su eljko i Jasna na ........ (put), eljku je dobro, ali Jasni nije. eljko ........ (javljati se) ........
(Jasna) iz ........ (Zagreb) preko ........ (internet). Jasna ........ (javljati se) ........ (eljko) ........
(telefon). eljko razumije ........ (Jasna). Jasna eli biti sa ........ (eljko). Hvar je lijep, ali poslije
dva ........ (dan) ........ (Jasna) nije lijepo na ........ (Hvar) bez ........ (eljko). Ni ........ (eljko) nije u
........ (Zagreb) lijepo bez ........ (Jasna). eljko ........ (kazati) ........ (Jasna) da ........ (doi) u ........
(Zagreb) ........ (trajekt i autobus). Jasna ........ (dolaziti) sa ........ (Hvar) u ........ (Zagreb) i eljko
........ (ii) (Jasna) (doekati) na ........ (kolodvor). Onda eljko ........ (ii) po ........ (grad) s ........
(Jasna) i ........ oni (razgovarati) o ........ (eljkov put) i o ........ (Jasnin put). Jasna ........ (biti) deset
........ (dan) kod ........ (Nada), ........ (svoja tetka), a eljko ........ (biti) kod ........ (Domagoj), ........
(svoj stric). Poslije ........ (to) eljko i Jasna ........ (ii) u ........ (Varadin) ........ (vlak).
Serbian
Duan i Duanka su momak i devojka. Oni su ........ (studenti). U ........ (juli), kada ........
(zavrav ati se) ........ (letnji semestar) Duan ........ (ii) sam ........ (voz) iz ........ (Ni) u ........
(Beograd), a Duanka ........ (ii) iz ........ (Ni) ........ (kola) u ........ (Crna Gora) sa ........ (mama i
tata). Dok su Duan i Duanka na ........ (put), Du anu je dobro, ali Duanki nije. Duan ........
(javljati se) ........ (Duanka) iz ........ (Beograd) preko ........ (internet). Duanka ........ (javljati se)
........ (Duan) ........ (telefon). Duan razume ........ (Duanka). Du anka eli da bude sa ........
(Duan). Crna Gora je lepa, ali posle dva ........ (dan) ........ (Duanka) nije lepo u ........ (Crna
Gora) bez ........ (Duan). Ni ........ (Du an) nije lepo u (Beograd) bez ........ (Duanka). Duan
........ (kazati) ........ (Duanka) da ........ (doi) u ........ (Beograd) ........ (autobus). Duanka ........
(dolaziti) iz ........ (Crna Gora) u ........ (Beograd) i Duan ........ (ii) (Du anka) (doekati) na ........
(stanica). Onda Duan ........ (ii) po ........ (grad) sa ........ (Duanka) i ........ oni (razgovarati) o
........ (Duanov put) i o ........ (Duankin put). Duanka ........ (biti) deset ........ (dan) kod ........
123
(Ana), ........ (svoja tetka), a Duan ........ (biti) kod ........ (Sran), ........ (svoj stric). Posle ........
(to) Duan i Du anka ........ (ii) u ........ (Ni) ........ (voz).
C3
Replace each italicized noun or name in the sentence with a pronoun (full form or clitic, as required),
changing the word order where necessary. Then write out the whole sentence.
1. [B,C] Mjesec krui oko zemlje, a zemlja krui oko sunca.

[S] Mesec krui oko zemlje, a zemlja krui oko sunca.
2. eljka alje Goranu kratko pismo, a Goran alje eljki dugo pismo.
3. Jelo od kobasice i jaja odlino je za doruak.
4. [B,S] Javili smo se roditeljima, ali se nismo uli sa njima.

[C] Javili smo se roditeljima, ali se nismo uli s njima.
5. [B,C] Sluaju svoje profesore cijeli dan.

[S] Sluaju svoje profesore ceo dan.
6. [B] Pijemo mlijeko svaki dan, ali nikada ne pijemo kafu.

[C] Pijemo mlijeko svaki dan, ali nikada ne pijemo kavu.
[S] Pijemo mleko svaki dan, ali nikada ne pijemo kaf u.
7. Od prozora do vrata nije daleko, ve je daleko od prozora do nas!
8. U novinama ima zanimljivih stvari.
C4
Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of the word in parentheses. Where you see an exclamation
point with the verb, use the imperative.
1. ........ (sluati!) me! Jaja se ne ........ (morati) jesti 1. ........ (!) e! a e ........
svaki dan! () !
2. Zar Ines ........ (ne poznavati) moju sestru? 2. ........ ( )
3. ........ (pisati!) svojim sestrama danas, a brai sutra! ?
4. Kad a ........ (poinjati) tvoj novi posao? 3. ........ (!)
5. [B] ta hoe da ........ (mi, jesti) za ruak dan as? , !
[C] to hoe da ........ (mi, jesti) za ruak danas? 4. ........ ()
6. [B] U koliko sati navee u etvrtak ........ (oni, gle- ?
dati) film? 5. ........ (, )
[C] U koliko sati naveer u etvrtak ........ (oni, ?
gledati) film? 6. ........
(, ) ?
Use past tense for #6.
124
C5
Translate the first sentence into English. Then translate the ones that follow it into B, C, or S, using the
first as a model.
1. a. [B,C] Daj djeci voa, gladna su!

[S] Daj deci voa, gladna su!
b. Write a letter to the children.
c. Listen! Your house is very beautiful with that red door and those windows!
2. a. Njihova dva brata ive kod roditelja, ali ostala braa nisu vie kod kue.
b. Put a picture into the letter for your brothers.
c. Get in touch with your brothers about their homework.
3. a. [B,S] Imam i svog psa i tvog psa. ta da radim sa tvojim psom?

[C] Imam i svojeg psa i tvojeg psa. to da radim s tvojim psom?
b. Please bring me both your cat and my mouse.
c. Nada is reading both his book and her book.
4. a. Pred njima je dobar ivot, ali preda mnom su problemi.

b. She works outside all day in front of the building.
c. Below the floor is another room on another floor (story).
C6
Identify the number (singular or plural) of each of the following nouns. If it is singular, give the plural
form, and if it is plural, give the singular form.
vlak brat
ivoti zidovi
pisma aci
devojke [E], djevojke [J] pas
dete [E], dijete [J] ljubavi
momci sin
lav re [E], rije [J]
supruga znanje
voz renici [E], rjenici [J]
ljudi knjiga
pitanja otac
no suprug
klju
C7
For each aspect pair given below, state which of the two is perfective and which is imperfective.
1. kupovati kupiti 3. uzeti uzimati 5. doi dolaziti

2. poloiti polagati 4. jesti pojesti 6. spremati spremiti
125
VOCABULARY
[B,C,S] grandma [B] grandma

[S] grandma reason
! lucky you! , to spank, to beat (I)
, e, a stupider grandson, grandchild
grandpa
. .
, , .
Bring a question on each aphorism to class. Use questions with:
a) (ne) svi ati se

b) (ne) initi se
c) O emu se radi
d) Zar ........ ?
Pria: Albahari
Read Part V of the story Osam malih pria o mojoj eni by David Albahari (p. 343).
126
A1 69,70
VOCABULARY
austrijski Austrian porodica [B,S] family

boravak, boravka sojourn, stay prolee spring
deveti ninth proljee spring
ispitni exam (adj.) rok period, deadline
jezik language sanjati, sanjam to dream (I)
kineski Chinese slav enski [B,C] Slavic
leto summer slovenski [B,S] Slavic
ljeto summer stanovati, stanujem to reside (I)
mesec dana [for] a month studijski study (adj.)
mjesec dan a [for] a month angaj Shanghai
Moskva Moscow zima winter
obitelj [C] (f) family
TA E RADITI? [B,S] TO E RADITI? [C]
Bosnian Croatian
1. ta e raditi preko ljeta? 1. to e raditi preko ljeta?
2. Poslije ispitnog roka ii u u Pariz na mjesec 2. Poslije ispitnog roka ii u u Pariz na mjesec
dana. dana.
1. Divno! ta e tamo raditi? 1. Divno! to e tamo raditi?
2. Bit e to studijski boravak. Sanjam o tome 2. Bit e to studijski boravak. Sanjam o tome
ve godinama! ve godinama!
1. A ta e uiti dok si u Parizu? 1. A to e uiti dok si u Parizu?
2. Uit u govoriti francuski jezik i dan i no. I 2. Uit u govoriti francuski jezik i dan i no. I
jest u, naravno, francuska jela! jest u, naravno, francuska jela!
1. A gdje e stanovati? 1. A gdje e stanovati?
2. Stanovat u kod jedne francuske porodice. 2. Stanovat u kod jedne francuske obitelji.
Serbian
1. ta e da radi preko leta?
2. Posle ispitnog roka u da idem u Pariz na mesec dana.
1. Divno! ta e tamo da radi?
2. Bie to studijski boravak. Sanjam o tome ve godinama!
1. A ta e da ui dok si u Parizu?
2. Uiu da govorim francuski jezik i dan i no. I jeu, naravno, francuska jela!
1. A gde e da stanuje?
2. Stanovau kod jedne francuske porodice.
Replace leto [E] ljeto [J] with jesen, prolee [E] proljee [J], zima.
Replace Pariz with 1. Be, 2. angaj, 3. Moskva; replace francuski jezik with 1. nemaki [E]
njemaki [J] jezik, 2. kin eski jezik, 3. slav enske [B,C] slovenske [B,S] jezike and francuska obitelj [C]
porodica [B,S] and francuska jela with 1. austrijska obitelj [C] porodica [B,S] and austrijska jela;
2. kineska obitelj [C] porodica [B,S] and kineska jela; 3. ruska obitelj [C] porodica [B,S] and ruska jela.
127
Tricky translation: The adjective Slavic is slavenski in C and slovenski in S (also junoslavenski [C] and
junoslovenski [S]). But beware! The adjective Slovenian is slovenski in C and slovenaki in S. Bosnian
usage prefers the C spelling in more recently published texts, and the S spelling in texts published before
1990. So when you see the word slovenski in a text, check to see whether it refers to Slovenian or Slavic!
z GRAMMAR
* The future tense *
The future is a compound tense, formed by adding an auxiliary Future tense auxiliaries
to the infinitive (or its replacement, the sequence da + present).
The auxiliary, which functions like will in English, has both FULL CLITIC
full and clitic forms. The clitic forms are used predominantly;
hou hoemo u emo
for the full forms (and negative future), see the next section.
hoe hoete e ete
The full forms, although identical to the conjugated forms of
hoe hoe e e
hteti [E] htjeti [J], do not in this instance mean want. Instead
they carry only the meaning of future tense [95a]
* Word order in the future and variant spellings *

As a clitic, the future auxiliary must come in second position. But the infinitive portion of the future may be
anywhere in the sentence. If the infinitive begins the sentence the auxiliary must come immediately after it.
In this case, infinitives ending in -ti are shortened and the unit infinitive + clitic is pronounced together.
C keeps the -t of the infinitive and writes the two forms separately (uit u), but S drops the -t and writes
the two as one word (uiu). Infinitives ending in -sti shift the -st- to -- when they are joined with the
future clitic; this pronunciation is heard everywhere, but appears in spelling only in S (jeu [S] but jest u
[C]). In all such instances, B can use both spellings. Note that infinitives ending in -i are written separately
everywhere (ii u). [95a]
* The preposition na in future time expressions *

English uses for to express the length of time covered by an action. In BCS, the preposition choice
depends on the meaning. If the focus is on an intended endpoint, use na + Acc, as in ii u u Pariz na
godinu dana Im going to Paris for a year. [100] But if it concerns simply of a unit of time, use the Acc
without a preposition, as in ona e biti godinu dana u Parizu shell be in Paris for a year. [71]
Caution!
Plaster falling
128
A2 70,71
eljati to brush, comb (I) ostati, ostanem to remain (P)

ist clean poeljati to brush, comb (P)
doma [C] [toward] home pogledati se to look at oneself (P)
isti same polaziti to set out, to go (I)
izgledati, izgledam to appear (I) prati, per em to wash (I)
jao oh no! prljav dirty
kao as probuditi, probudim to awaken (P)
krenuti, krenem to go, to set out (P) provesti se, provedem se to spend [time] (P)
kretati, kreem to get moving (I) [imati] pune ruke posla to be very busy
kui [B,C,S] [toward] home ruka; Gpl. ruku hand, arm
lice face umiti se, umijem se to wash ones face (P)
neprijatan, neprijatna [B,S] uncomfortable umivati se, umivam se to wash ones face (I)
neugodan, neugodna [B,C] uncomfortable uredan, uredna tidy
neuredan, neuredna messy vratiti se, vratim se to return (P)
ogledalo [B,C,S] mirror zrcalo [C] mirror
oprati, oper em to wash (P) zub; zubi tooth
POGLEDAJ SE!
Bosnian Croatian
1. Pogledaj se u ogledalo! 1. Pogledaj se u zrcalo!
2. eli li rei da sam neuredna? Jao, neugodno 2. eli li rei da sam neuredna? Jao, neugodno
mi je! mi je!
1. Ista si kao uvijek! Lice ti je prljavo. Poeljaj 1. Ista si kao uvijek! Lice ti je prljavo. Poeljaj
se, umij se, operi ruke, pa e onda izgledati se, umij se, operi si ruke, pa e onda
bolje! izgledati bolje!
2. Gledaj dok se eljam, umivam se i perem 2. Gledaj dok se eljam, umivam se i perem si
ruke. Sada sam uredna i lice mi je isto! ruke. Sada sam uredna i lice mi je isto!
Hoe li sa mnom krenuti u grad? Hoe li sa mnom krenuti u grad?
1. Neu. elim ostati kod kue jer imam pune 1. Ne u. elim ostati kod kue jer imam pune
ruke posla. Hoe li prati zube? ruke posla. Hoe li prati zube?
2. Neu sad. Jest u dok sam vani, pa u ih 2. Ne u sad. Jest u dok sam vani, pa u ih
prati prije spavanja. Zdravo! uri mi se! prati prije spavanja. Bok! uri mi se!
Kreem! Vratit u se kui poslije 11 sati! Kreem! Vratit u se doma poslije 11 sati!
1. Lijepo se provedi. Ako mi se ne spava, ekat 1. Lijepo se provedi. Ako mi se ne spava, ekat
u te. Nemoj me probuditi ako spavam. u te. Nemoj me probuditi ako spavam.
Serbian
1. !
2. ? , !
1. ! . , , ,
!
2. , . !
?
1. . . ?
2. . , . ! ! !
11 .
1. ! , . .
Redo in a plural version, as if 1. and 2. are each several people rather than single individuals.
129
zGRAMMAR
* Questions and negation in the future tense *
Questions expecting a yes-no answer use
Negative future
the full form of the auxiliary and the particle
li (in either the form hoe li or da li neu [B,S] / ne u [C] neemo [B,S] / ne emo [C]
hoe). [95b] If a question begins with a nee [B,S] / ne e [C] neete [B,S] / ne ete [C]
word such as kada or ta [B,S] to [C], the nee [B,S] / ne e [C] nee [B,S] / ne e [C]
clitic auxiliary is used. The negative future
uses only a full-form negative auxiliary; there is no short form. The forms ne u, etc. - now spelled ne u
(etc.) in Croatian - are thus identical in form to negated hteti or htjeti, but mean only negative future [95a]
* Word order in the future tense *

The particle li is the only clitic which precedes
li precedes fut. aux. other clitics follow fut.aux.
the future tense auxiliary: all other clitics must
follow it. The full form auxiliary takes first
Da li e im se javiti? Mi emo im se javiti.
position in a question, followed by li, and then
by other clitics: Hoe li im se javiti? [102] Da li e joj ga dati? Oni e mu ih pokazati.
* Double meanings of hteti [E] htjeti [J] *

The clitic forms of this verb have only future tense meaning. But the full forms signify both future tense
and want. Context of usage usually is enough to tell which is meant; if necessary one can use eleti [E]
eljeti [J] to specify the meaning want. The negative forms neu [B,S] ne u [C] etc. mean both wont
(negative future) and not want; one must again know from context which meaning is intended. [95c]
* Reflexive verbs *
The particle se functions as direct object when the verb indicates action performed upon ones own person,
for example in verbs such as eljati se, umiti se, brijati se. It is only verbs like these that are truly reflex-
ive. Croatian can also use the reflexive dative particle si in a possessive sense (as in perem si zube I
clean my teeth), but only (of course) if there is a direct object to be possessed. [97]
* The particle se with verbs *

Because the particle se was originally used only as the clitic form of the reflexive pronoun object sebe, it
has become customary to use the term reflexive verb for a verb which is accompanied by se. In fact only
a very few verbs (such as obui se get [oneself] dressed) are true reflexive verbs. Now, however, the
particle se is used with many additional meanings. For instance, it can make a verb impersonal, [140]
inclinational, [82a] intransitive, [98] non-causative, [98] passive, [139] or reciprocal. [87a] The chart
below illustrates how se can add each of these meanings to a verb which lacks that particular meaning
when it occurs without se. There are also several verbs which never occur without se, such as bojati se be
afraid, baviti se be occupied with dogoditi se happen, nalaziti se be located, and others. [87b]
with se without se
Impersonal Tamo se dobro jede. One eats well there. Ne jedem meso. I dont eat meat.
Inclinational Ne ide mi se. I dont feel like going. Idemo sad. Were going now.
Intransitive Djeca se igraju. The children play. Igra ah. Hes playing chess.
Non-causative Budim se rano. I wake up early. Majka me budi. Mother awakens me.
Passive Kako se to kae? How is that said? Kai neto! Say something!
Reciprocal Oni se vole. They are in love. Volim ga. I love him.
Reflexive Obucite se! Get dressed! Obukla je lutku. She dressed her doll.
* Aspect, continued *
The aspect of a verb is often a matter of focus. Aspect choice in the future depends upon whether the spea-
ker focuses on the general fact of future action or the completion of a specific action. Reference to the fact
of action alone is expressed by imperfective verbs, for instance: ta [B,S] to [C] e raditi tamo? what
will you do there? or uiu [B,S] uit u [C] fran cuski Ill study French. By contrast, focus on the
130
completion of an action is expressed by perfective verbs, as in kad e mi se javiti? when will you call
me? or hoes li se kasno vratiti? will you be back late? In a few instances the difference in aspectual
meaning (of action in progress vs. completed action) comes across in the English translation. For instance,
the imperfective verb uiti means study in English, while its perfective partner nauiti means learn.
A3 73,74
VOCABULARY
ba precisely netko [C] someone

ide [mi] se [I] feel like going niko [B,S] no one
deliti, delim to divide up (I) nitko [C] no one
dijeliti, dijelim to divide up (I) podeliti, podelim to split (e.g. costs) (P)
gubiti to waste, to lose (I) podijeliti, podijelim to split (e.g. costs) (P)
hoe-nee like it or not podstanar tenant, subletter
ii u podstanare to become a tenant reije [C] (pl form) utility bills
iznajmiti, iznajmim [B,S] to rent (P) savren perfect
kirija [B,S] rent stanarina [B,C,S] rent
moda perhaps stanovanje living, residing
na jesen [B] in the autumn troak, troka; trokovi expense(s)
na jesen [S,C] in the autumn unajmiti, unajmim [C] to rent (P)
neko [B,S] someone
STANOVANJE
Bosnian Croatian
1. Gdje e stanovati na jesen? 1. Gdje e stanovati na jesen?
2. Ostat u u studentskom domu. A ti? 2. Ostat u u studentskom domu. A ti?
1. Neu se vratiti u dom. Ov e godine idem u 1. Ne u se vratiti u dom. Ove godine idem u
podstanare. Ba sada traim stan. Hoe li podstanare. Ba sada traim stan. Hoe li
dijeliti sobu s nekim u studentskom domu? dijeliti sobu s nekim u studentskom domu?
2. Ne elim ni sa kim stanovati, ali hoe-nee 2. Ne elim ni s kim stanovati, ali hoe-ne-
mora! A ti? e-mora! A ti?
1. Vidjet u. Moda u iznajmiti stan sa nekim 1. Vidjet u. Moda u unajmiti stan s nekim
studentima i podijeliti s njima trokove i studentima i podijeliti s njima reije i
kiriju. stanarinu.
2. Ne da mi se ii u stanare. Savreno mi 2. Ne da mi se ii u stanare. Savreno mi
odgovara tu blizu. Neu morati gubiti odgovara tu blizu. Ne u morati gubiti
vrijeme i hodati daleko na predavanja. vrijeme i hodati daleko do predav anja.
Serbian
1. Gde e stanovati na jesen?
2. Ostau u studentskom domu. A ti?
1. Neu da se vratim u dom. Ove godine idem u podstanare. Ba sada traim stan. Da li e deliti
sobu s nekim u studentskom domu?
2. Ne elim ni sa kim da stanujem, ali hoe-nee mora! A ti?
1. Videu. Moda u da iznajmim stan sa nekim studentima i podeliti s njima trokove i kiriju.
2. Ne ide mi se u podstanare. Savreno mi odgovara tu blizu. Neu morati da gubim vreme i da
hodam daleko na predav anja.
Retell this as a conversation about your own housing plans.
Self-study learners: When you write a version about your own housing plans, be sure to use forms of the
future tense. Note the instrumental forms kim and nekim and ni s kim.
131
Whereas in B and S iznajmiti means both to rent from and to rent to, in C unajmiti means to rent
from, and iznajmiti means to rent to.
Dormitories at universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, and Serbia are available for
out-of-town students only. Students whose families live in the city or town where the university is located
generally continue to live at home, often well into their twenties.
zGRAMMAR
* Negated prepositional phrases *
The negative pronouns nita nothing Affirmative Negative

and niko [B,S] nitko [C] no one consist o neemu about something ni o emu about nothing
of two parts. When they occur as objects od nekoga from someone ni od koga from no one
of prepositions, the preposition comes
between the two parts. [93b] s nekim with someone ni s kim with no one
* Something, anything, etc. *

Pronouns such as neto something, neko [B,S] netko [C] someone, negde [E] negdje [J] somewhere,
are formed by adding the prefix ne- to the interrogative pronouns ta or to, ko or tko, and gde or gdje, in a
manner parallel to the formation of the negative pronouns nita nothing, niko or nitko no one, and
nigde or nigdje nowhere. A similar series is created by adding the prefixes i- and sva-, which yields such
as ita anything at all, svata, all sorts of things, and the like. [62]
* What clauses *
When the idea translated by English what or that corresponds to an entire clause, BCS frequently uses
the phrase to to. This is translated variously - sometimes as English what and sometimes as the entire
English phrase the fact that Thus, the sentence meni ne odgovara to to radi corresponds to English
what you're doing does not suit me, whereas the sentence savreno mi odgovara to to ne moram ii tamo
corresponds to the fact that I dont have to go there suits me just fine. [99]
Zagreb train station [Glavni kolodvor] Belgrade train station [eleznika stanica]
The C word for railway station, kolodvor, combines the old-fashioned words for carriage and yard,
roughly similar to the way German Bahnhof combines the words for track and yard. When bus travel
became common, the adjective utobusni was added to form the current word for "bus station," utobusni
kolodvor. B and S, by contrast, have always used a more generic word for station, stnica, specifying it
either as lenika [E] ljeznika [J] or utobusna [B] utobuska [B,S] as relevant. In other contexts, C
uses postaja while B and S continue to use stnica, thus: radio stnica [B,S], radio postaja [C] radio
station, and polcijska stnica [B,S] polcijska postaja [C] police station.
132
A4 75,76
baba [B,S] grandmother minut [B,S] minute

baka [B,C,S] grandmother minuta [C] minute
bez obzira na regardless (of) po njih for them, to get them
ded grandfather poi, poem to set out, to go (P)
djed grandfather pola tri 2:30
jasan, jasna clear, obvious stii, stignem to arrive (P)
kolega (m) colleague tata Dad (m)
mama Mom
NA STANICI [B,S] NA KOLODVORU [C]
Bosnian Croatian
1. Kad a e tvoji roditelji doi da vide tvoj novi 1. Kad a e tvoji roditelji doi vidjeti tvoj novi
stan? stan?
2. Stii e sutra vozom na eljezniku stanicu u 2. Stii e sutra vlakom na kolodvor u pola tri.
pola tri. 1. Hoe li ih doekati?
1. Hoe li ih doekati? 2. Hou, jasno. Polazim na kolodvor u dva sata.
2. Hou, jasno. Polazim na stanicu u dva sata. Hoe li i ti poi sa mnom po njih?
Hoe li i ti poi sa mnom po njih? 1. Ne mogu, jer sam na predavanju, ali se
1. Ne mogu, jer sam na predavanju, ali se mojem bratu ide. On tvoje roditelje voli, i
mome bratu ide. On tvoje roditelje voli, i eli eli ih doekati s tobom.
ih doekati sa tobom. 2. Zar on nema puno posla ovog tjedna?
2. Zar on nema puno posla ove sed mice? 1. Ima, ali e ii s tobom bez obzira na to.
1. Ima, ali e ii sa tobom bez obzira na to.
Serbian
1. ?
2. o .
1. ?
2. , . . o ?
1. , a, . ,
a .
2. ?
1. , a .
Replacements for rod itelji: tvoj koleg a, moje dete [E] dijete [J] or moja deca [E] djeca [J], njegov ded
[E] djed [J], njena baka [B] njezina bak a [C] njena baba [S], va brat or vaa braa, njihov tata.
Every region has its own colloquial words for father and, in a few instances, for mother as well. In some
parts of Bosnia children call their father babo, in Dalmatia, aa or papo, in the Zagorje area around
Zagreb japa, and in Belgrade, ale. In Bosnia children sometimes call their mother nana, while in Belgrade
keva is used as slang for mother. Teenagers throughout the region address their parents as stara (old
woman) and stari (old man), and together as starci (oldsters).
The exclamation jao, meaning ouch / oh no / alas is one of many BCS exclamations. Another is joj, best
translated as oops. The word ovaj is often used when a speaker of B, C, or S is groping for a word or
thought. Beyond these, there are numerous interjections used to punctuate speech. Bosnian uses bona and
bolan (usually considered to be forms of the word bolan, painful) as a form of address, similar to the way
man is used in colloquial American English. In Serbian, speakers often add bre for emphasis, much as
you know or like are used by speakers of English. Some Croatian and Bosnian speakers pepper their
speech with the interrogative je li? or its contractions, jel?, jelda? or jelte?.
133
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
Note: As in other uses of the infinitive, the infinitive portion of the future tense may be expressed by the
infinitive itself (ja u ii) or by the sequence da + present (ja u da idem). Here too, C almost always uses
the infinitive, while S uses both options. Accordingly the C as presented in this book uses only the
infinitive; and although the S as presented herein uses both, those students working on Serbian are strongly
urged to use every opportunity to practice using the da + present option, as it takes time to learn.
B1
1. Hoete li ii u kino 1. Hoete li ii u kino 1.
veeras? veeras? ?
2. Da, ii emo od 5 sati na 2. Da, ii emo od 5 sati na 2. , 5
predstavu. predstavu. .
1. A kad ete poi od kue 1. A kad ete poi od kue 1.
da stignete u kino u pet? da stignete u kino u pet? ?
2. Poi emo u 4 sata i 10 2. Poi emo u 4 sata i 10 2. 4 10
minuta. minuta. .
Replace u bioskop [S] u kino [B,C] with na predavanje, replace veeras with danas or jutros, and
change the times accordingly.
B2
Change the above exchange so that it represents a conversation a) between you and a person you
know as ti, b) between two single individuals, c) between two groups. Do this by replacing the 1st and 2nd
person plural forms above by a) 1st and 2nd singular, b) 3rd singular, and c) 3rd plural
Redo B1 as a conversation about your own evening plans.
B3
1. Kai, ta ti odgovara vie, 1. Reci, to ti odgovara vie, 1. Kai, ta ti odgovara vie,
kino ili pozorite veeras? kino ili kazalite veeras? bioskop ili pozorite
2. Vie mi odgovara pozorite, 2. Vie mi odgovara kazalite, veeras?
a tebi? a tebi? 2. Vie mi odgovara pozorite,
1. Ja vie volim kino. A 1. Ja vie volim kino. A a tebi?
Hamdija? ta on eli da Damir? to on eli raditi? 1. Ja vie volim bioskop. A
radi? 2. Uvijek je isti. Svejedno mu Milorad? ta on eli da
2. Uvijek je isti. Svejedno mu je. Odgovara mu to to radi?
je. Odgovara mu to to odgovara i nama. 2. Uvek je isti. Svejedno mu
odgovara i nama. je. Odgovara mu to to
odgovara i nama.
Replace bioskop [S] kino [B,C], kazalite [C] pozorite [B,S] with film or glazba [C] muzika [B,C,S].
Use a womans name instead of the mans. Switch the exercise to the plural.
134
B4
Bosnia Croatian Serbian
1. ta obino radi kad doe 1. to obino radi kad doe 1.
kui popodne? doma popodne? ?
2. Perem ruke. 2. Perem si ruke. 2. .
1. A kada ruke oper e danas 1. A kada ruke oper e danas 1. ,
ta e onda? to e onda? ?
2. Onda u ruati sa 2. Onda u ruati s 2.
prijateljicom. prijateljicom. .
1. A poslije ruka? 1. A poslije ruka? 1. ?
2. Onda u oprati zube. 2. Onda u oprati zube. 2. .
Replace: prati and oprati ruke with umivati and umiti lice; eljati se and poeljati se.
Retell the exercise using other activities.
B5
1. Kad a e mi se javiti? 1. Kad a e mi se javiti? 1. Kad a e da mi se javi?
2. Javit u ti se sutra u pola 2. Javit u ti se sutra u pola 2. Javiu ti se sutra u pola
etiri. etiri. etiri.
1. A kako e mi se javiti 1. A kako e mi se javiti 1. A kako e mi se javiti
sutra? sutra? sutra?
2. Javit u ti se telefonom. 2. Javit u ti se telefonom. 2. Javiu ti se telefonom.
Replace javiti se with vratiti se and telefon with kola.
Rewrite the exercise in the plural.
B6
1. O emu e pisati sestri? 1. O emu e pisati sestri? 1.
2. Ni o emu. Ne pie mi se 2. Ni o emu. Ne pie mi se ?
sada. Sutra u joj o neemu sada. Sutra u joj o neemu 2. .
pisati. pisati. .
1. A zato ti se sada ne pie? 1. A zato ti se sada ne pie? .
2. Zato to mi se spava. 2. Zato to mi se spava. 1. ?
2. .
Switch the ta [B,S] to [C] to ko [B,S] tko [C]. Replace pisati with govoriti, and sestra with brat.
B7
Working with a partner from class (if you are not able to work together in person, collaborate over the
phone or by e-mail), write your own version of one of the four A dialogues in Lesson 9. Rehearse it
together so that the two of you can perform your version for the other students in class. Include props
where appropriate.
Self-study learners: Find the verbs in this lesson accompanied by the particle se, and determine in each
instance the particular type of meaning added by this particle. Go back over previous lessons and search for
such verbs there too.
135
C1
Rewrite in the future tense:
1. Idemo u kino. 1. Idemo u kino. 1. .
2. itaju knjige. 2. itaju knjige. 2. .
3. Pie li pismo? 3. Pie li pismo? 3. ?
4. Hana i Hamdija putuju 4. Sanja i Darko putuju 4.
vozom u New York u vlakom u New York u .
utorak. utorak. 5.
5. Ines stanuje kod svoje tetke. 5. Iva stanuje kod svoje tetke. .
6. I ja moram da kupim psa! 6. I ja moram kupiti psa! 6. !
C2
1. For months I have been preparing for this test.

2. Dont you want to buy a dog?
3. At 5:30 on Tuesday afternoon I will go to the theater.
4. I like large cities more than small cities.
5. This semester I will be a tenant, and I will rent an apartment.
6. We are students at the university and we listen to professors in lectures.
7. I have no apples or plums but I have a lot of oranges and walnuts.
8. Im feeling poorly. And you?
C3
Connect each word in the two left columns with the correct English translation in the right column, and
mark each word as B, C, and/or S. If you find a word that you have not yet encountered in one of the
lessons, look it up in the glossary at the back of the book.
1. tko 15. nigdje who

2. to 16. neko someone
3. iko 17. igdje no one
4. kada 18. nigde anyone
5. gdje 19. neto what
6. ita 20. igde something
7. ta 21. ikada nothing
8. nekada 22. niko anything
9. ko 23. negdje where
10. nita 24. nitko somewhere
11. gde 25. negde nowhere
12. netko anywhere
13. itko when
14. nikada sometime
never
ever
136
C4
Translate the first sentence (or sequence of sentences) in each group into English. Then translate the two
that follow it into B, C, or S, using the first as a model.
1. a. [B,C] Sviaju joj se Beatlesi.

[S] Sviaju joj se Bitlsi.
b. They like a good breakfast.
c. I like the Balkan languages.
2. a. Ne spava im se.
b. We feel like working.
c. She feels like studying.
3. a. [B] Hoete li sa mnom poi u grad? Moe! Idemo.

[C] Hoete li sa mnom poi u grad? Moe! Idemo.
[S] Da li hoete da poete sa mnom u grad? Moe! Idemo.
b. Will you wash your hands? OK! I am washing them.
c. Will you wash your face? OK! I am washing it.
4. a. [B,C] Hoete li neto dorukovati? Ne, hvala, pojest u neto u gradu.

[S] Da li hoete neto da dorukujete? Ne, hval a, pojeu neto u gradu
b. She will eat dinner at seven-thirty in the evening.
c. They will drink tea and eat cookies at 4 p.m.
5. a. [B,C] Javit u joj se sutra u etiri.

[S] Javiu joj se sutra u etiri.
b. They will contact them in the morning.
c. She will contact us after school.
6. a. [B,S] Uzmi torbu sa stola! Idi sa torbom od jedne strane zgrade do druge i trai svoje stvari,
pa onda doi do mene i uzmi moju olovku iz torbe!
[C] Uzmi torbu sa stola! Idi s torbom od jedne strane zgrade do druge i trai svoje stvari,
pa onda doi k meni i uzmi moju olovku iz torbe!
b. 1. Please take the pencil from the book.

2. But where is the pencil: in the book or on the book?
1. There it is on the book, there by the window.
2. Here, I will take it from the book.
c.1. Let them drive from Boston to Cleveland.

2. Yes, but why to Cleveland? Why not from Boston to Montreal?
1. Because her mother is from Boston and his father is from Cleveland.
2. Now I understand. And where are you from?
1. I am from Minneapolis, but my parents are from Vienna.
7. a. [B] Hoe li novine itati odmah u kolima, ili kod kue za deset minuta?
[C] Hoe li novine itati odmah u kolima, ili kod kue za deset minuta?
[S] Da li hoe itati novine odmah u kolima, ili kod kue za deset minuta?
137
b. 1. Where is my bag?
2. It is on the door. Why are you looking for your bag?
1. Because my newspaper is in it, and I want to read it.
c. Why is he going from door to door? He is searching for a neighbor.
C5
Complete these sentences using the words in parentheses.
1. Ne piju aj ........ (sa, nita). 1. Ne piju aj ........ (s, nita). 1. ........ (,

2. Sutra ujutro u se vidjeti 2. Sutra ujutro u se vidjeti ).
........ (sa, neko). ........ (s, netko). 2.
3. Nemamo nita u kui za 3. Nemamo nita u kui za ........ (, ).
doruak. Kako e spremiti doruak. Kako e spremiti 3.
doruak ........ (od, nita)? doruak ........ (od, nita)? .
4. Ona ne eli ........ (sa, niko) 4. Ona ne eli ........ (s, nitko) ........
da ide u kino. da ide u kino. (, )?
5. Vidim da ima pismo ........ 5. Vidim da ima pismo ........ 4. ........ (,
(od, neko)! (od, netko)! ) e .
6. Oni znaju neto ........ (o, 6. Oni znaju neto ........ (o, 5.
neto). neto). ........ (, )!
7. Mi vam ne moramo 7. Mi vam ne moramo govoriti 6. ........ (,
govoriti ........ (o, nita). ........ (o, nita). ).
7.
........ (, ).
C6
Create two sentences in the future tense using a pronoun from column A, a verb from column B, and a
phrase from column C. The first should begin with the pronoun, while the second should begin with the
verb and not include any pronouns.
Example: mi, imati, vremena. a. Mi emo imati vremena.
b. [B,C] Imat emo vremena.
[S] Imaemo vremena.
A B C
1. ona ii u grad
2. mi pisati pismo
3. ti sedeti [S] sjediti [B,C] pored vrata
4. oni razmiljati o tebi
5. vi uiti balkanske jezike
6. on jesti kruke i jabuke
7. ja putovati u London
8. oni moi govoriti francuski
9. mi stanovati u studentskom domu
138
C7
If these are the answers, what are the questions?
1. [S] .
[B,C] ini mi se da nije lijepo stanovati u studentskom domu.
2. [S] .
[B,C] Ne sviaju mi se predav anja rano ujutro.
3. [S] .
[B,C] Sutra emo ii u Bijelo Polje.
4. [S] 5 35 je .
[B,C] Sada je 5 sati i 35 minuta i vrijeme je za aj.
5. [S] C .
[B] Moji roditelji e stii sutra u Sarajevo u tri popodne na eljezniku stanicu.
[C] Moji roditelji e stii sutra u Sarajevo u tri popodne na kolodvor.
Bijelo Polje, Montenegro (1930s)
The above exercise demonstrates the use of Serbian ijekavian, and functions as a reminder of the fact that
ijekavian is frequently written in Cyrillic. In speech as in writing, ijekavian is the norm for Serbs in Bosnia
and in southwestern Serbia, and for all speakers living in Montenegro.
C8
Make a family tree using B, C, or S labels, with the names of the following relatives from your own
family:
maternal and paternal grandparents

paternal and maternal uncles and their wives
aunts (maternal or paternal) and their husbands
your parents, brothers and sisters
139
VOCABULARY
a hilly Belgrade neighborhood fair

like, really [God knows] , a to sell (I)
a hilly Belgrade neighborhood ; shoulder
doesnt look like much earlier
, listless , to shrug [shoulders] (I)
to play (P) , to shrug [shoulders] (I)
Partisan soccer team , quizzical
bread roll [sports] game
[C] again Red Star soccer team
[B,C,S] again
, . ,
: ,
.

. .
List the time expressions used in these aphorisms.
Bring a question on each aphorism to class.
Crvena zvezda and Partizan are arch-rival Belgrade soccer teams. The rivals in Croatian soccer are Dinamo
(Zagreb) and Hajduk (Split), while the traditional rivals in Bosnia and Herzegovina are eljezniar and
Sarajevo (both of them Sarajevo teams).
Duan Radovis radio show was broadcast from the top floor of a Belgrade skyscraper, from a studio
which commanded a sweeping view of the city. He often spoke of the citys appearance, its mood, and the
weather, from this vantage point.
Pria: Albahari
Read Part VI of the story Osam malih pria o mojoj eni by David Albahari (p. 344).
140
A1 77,78
centar, centra center podne, podneva noon

evap ii grilled minced meat popodne in the afternoon
deseti tenth pre podne [in the] late morning
drutvo company, friends prije podne [in the] late morning
izai, izaem; izaao [B,C,S] to go out (P) put, puta time, instance
izii, iziem; iziao [B,C] to go out (P) restoran, restoran a restaurant
izvrstan, izvrsna excellent uope [B,C] in general, at all
jedanput once uopte [B,S] in general, at all
nai se, naem se; naao se to meet [with] (P) veerati to dine, to eat supper (I/P)
naruiti, naruim to order (P)
KOD CHARLIEA [B,C] KOD ARLIJA [S]
Bosnian Croatian
1. ta si radila u petak? 1. to si radila u petak?
2. Prije podne sam bila na fakultetu. 2. Prije podne sam bila na fakultetu.
1. A poslije toga? 1. A poslije toga?
2. Popodne sam ila u grad i nala se sa 2. Popodne sam ila u grad i nala se s
drutvom. drutvom.
1. A da li si sa njima izala uvee? 1. A jesi li s njima izala naveer?
2. Jesam. Veerali smo u restoranu. 2. Jesam. Veerali smo u restoranu.
1. Kako se zvao restoran, gdje se nalazi i ta ste 1. Kako se zvao restoran, gdje se nalazi i to
naruili? ste naruili?
2. Zove se Kod Charliea, nalazi se u centru 2. Zove se Kod Charliea, nalazi se u centru
grada, a jeli smo evap ie i pili pivo. grada, a jeli smo evap ie i pili pivo.
1. Da li ti je to prvi put u tom restoranu? 1. Je li ti to prvi put u tom restoranu?
2. Ne, bila sam tamo ve jedanput ranije. 2. Ne, bila sam tamo ve jedanput ranije.
1. Da li je bilo problema sa hranom u restoranu? 1. Je li bilo problema s hranom u restoranu?
2. Ne, nije uope bilo problema. Sve je bilo 2. Ne, nije uope bilo problema. Sve je bilo
izvrsno. Onda sam dola kui autobusom. izvrsno. Onda sam dola kui autobusom.
Serbian
1. ?
2. a .
1. e ?
2. .
1. ?
2. . a .
1. , ?
2. , , .
1. ?
2. , .
1. ?
2. , . . a .
Redo the exercise with male subjects for both speakers.
Redo the exercise with a feminine plural or masculine plural subject for speaker #2.
141
Traditionally, if one person invites another out for coffee, a drink, a meal, or to a movie or other form of
entertainment, the person making the invitation generally expects to foot the bill. This is most often the
case when the word zvati or voditi is used in the invitation, as in zovem te na kafu or vodim te na kavu. The
invitation is less clearly defined if it embraces a group of people and uses phrases such as idemo na kavu!
or hajdemo svi u bioskop veeras! In such cases, each person usually pays his or her own way.
evapii Grill, Sarajevo
zGRAMMAR
* Verb types *
The easiest way to build verbal vocabulary is by recognizing a verbs conjugation type. There are 16 basic
types, which are defined by the relationship between infinitive and present tense. [103a] Type 1 includes a-
conjugation verbs, and Types 2-4 include i-conjugation verbs. All the rest are e-conjugation verbs. Some
verbs of types 13 and 15b can have alternate present tense forms in -nem. A very few verbs have irregular
present tense forms. One must take care to learn both infinitive and present tense: for instance, dovesti (1sg.
pres. dovedem) is type 13, but dovesti (1sg. pres. dovezem) is type 14. For a reference list of all verbs
presented in this book, categorized according to verb types, see Appendix 9 (pp. 359-366).
Type infinitive 1sg pres Type infinitive 1sg pres.

1 igrati igram 9 poznavati poznajem
2 staviti stavim 10 brati berem
3 videti [E] vidjeti [J] vidim 11 uzeti uzmem
4 drati drim 12 smeti [E] smjeti [J] smem [E] smijem [J]
5 pisati piem 13 jesti jedem
6 piti pijem 14 tresti tresem
7 krenuti krenem 15a tei teem
8a kupovati kupujem 15b pomoi pomognem
8b kazivati kazujem 16 doi doem
142
* Past tense *
The past tense consists of an auxiliary (the present tense of biti) and the L-participle. To form the L-
participle of types 1 and 2 verbs, drop the -ti of the infinitive and add the L-participle endings, [69] and
follow the same procedure to form the L-participle of types 3-12. The ijekavian form of the masculine
singular participle of types 3 and 12 ends in -io. To form the L-participle of types 13-16, drop the final
vowel of the 3rd plural PRESENT and add the L-participle endings, inserting a before the masculine singular
ending -o. Type 16 verbs (including ii) replace the stem final consonant with . Type 13 verbs drop the
stem final consonant and do not insert a in the masculine singular. The verb hteti [E] htjeti [J] follows type
12, and moi follows type 15a. The verb doneti [E] donijeti [J] follows type 12 in the past tense but type 14
in the present tense. The L-participle of umreti [E] umrijeti [J] is umro, umrla, etc. (with r functioning as a
vowel). Verbs which add n in the present tense (such as pasti, padnem fall and pomoi, pomognem
help) drop this consonant in the past tense. [104a] The chart below lists only masculine and feminine
singular, since all the other forms can be predicted from the feminine singular.
Type/infin. 3 (videti [E]) (vidjeti [J]) 12 (hteti [E]) (hteti [J]) 14/12 (doneti [E]) (donijeti [J])
masculine sg video vidio hteo htio donio donio
feminine sg videla vidjela htela htjela donela donijela
7 (krenuti) 13 (pasti) 14 (dovesti) 15a (tei) 15b (pomoi) 16 (doi)

masculine sg krenuo pao dovezao tekao pomogao doao
feminine sg krenula pala dovezla tekla pomogla dola
* Usage of the past tense *

The past tense auxiliary is equivalent to the present tense of biti. The clitic form is used in most instances,
while the full form is used to ask questions, to show emphasis or in single-word answers, and the negated
form of biti expresses negation. [104b] If two past tense forms have the same subject and occur near each
other in the same clause, the auxiliary need not be repeated. For example, one can say either ila sam i
nala se s drutvom (with only one instance of the auxiliary sam) or ila sam i nala sam se s drutvom
(with two instances of it). The auxiliary can also be dropped in certain narrative styles, such as fairy tales.
[104c] When the 3rd singular auxiliary je occurs next to se, what is known as se-merger occurs: the je is
dropped. Thus one says vratio sam se I came back, but vratio se he came back. [111a] When particular
emphasis is desired, C may keep the je, and say vra tio se je. [111b] When the feminine singular accusative
clitic je occurs adjacent to the 3rd singular auxiliary je, it is replaced by ju. Thus one says ti se je upoznao
you made her acquaintance, but on ju je upoznao he made her acquaintance. [104c, 111a]
* Past and future tense of existential ima and nema *

The past tense of ima is bilo je, and the past tense of nema is nije bilo. [104e] The future tense of these
existential verbs is likewise formed with the verb biti: the future of ima is bie / bit e, and the future of
nema is nee biti. [95d]
Entrance Exit
143
A2 79,80
VOCABULARY
izgubiti, izgubim to lose (P) poglavlje chapter

izgubiti glavu to panic (P) poznati to be familiar with (P)
kontrolni [zadatak] test proitati to read (P)
napisati, napiem to write (P) proli previous, last
napokon finally trei third
nauiti, nauim to learn (P) uspeti, uspem to succeed (P)
odlaziti to leave (I) uspjeti, uspijem to succeed (P)
opet again verovatan, verovatna [S] probable
otii, odem; otiao to leave (P) vjerojatan, vjerojatna [C] probable
padati to fall; to fail [exam] (I) vjerovatan, vjerovatna [B] probable
pasti, padnem; pao to fall; to fail [exam] (P)
PISATI I NAPISATI
Bosnian Croatian
1. Pie li domau zadau? 1. Pie li domau zadau?
2. Ne, ve sam ih napisao. 2. Ne, ve sam je napisao.
1. Vjerovatno ita tree poglavlje u 1. Vjerojatno ita tree poglavlje u udbeniku.
udbeniku. 2. Ne, ve sam ga proitao.
2. Ne, ve sam ga proitao. 1. Polae li onda ispit iz hrvatskoga u
1. Da li onda polae ispit iz bosanskoga u ponedjeljak?
ponedjeljak? 2. Da! Jer prologa puta nisam poloio, ve sam
2. Da! Jer prolog puta nisam poloio, ve sam izgubio glavu i pao.
izgubio glavu i pao. 1. Odlazi li opet danas na fakultet?
1. Odlazi li opet danas na fakultet? 2. Ne. Otiao sam u petak. Danas uim cijelog
2. Ne. Otiao sam u petak. Danas uim cijelog dana kod kue.
dana kod kue. 1. Bravo, jer e tako sve nauiti i nee vie
1. Bravo, jer e tako sve nauiti i nee vie padati!
padati! 2. Bit e mi drago napokon uspjeti!
2. Bit e mi drago napokon uspjeti!
Serbian
1. Da li pie domae zadatke?
2. Ne, ve sam ih napisao.
1. Verovatno ita tree poglavlje u udbeniku.
2. Ne, ve sam ga proitao.
1. Da li onda polae ispit iz srpskog u ponedeljak?
2. Da! Jer prolog puta nisam poloio, ve sam izgubio glavu i pao.
1. Da li odlazi opet danas na fakultet?
2. Ne. Otiao sam u petak. Danas uim celog dana kod kue.
1. Bravo, jer tako e sve nauiti i nee vie padati!
2. Bie mi drago napokon da uspem!
Replace domaa zadaa [B,C] domai zadatak [S] with pria; tree poglavlje with pismena veba [E]
vjeba [J]; ispit iz bosanskoga or ispit iz hrvatskoga or ispit iz srpskog with kontrolni iz gramatike.
Redo the exercise with female subjects.
144
University students may retake the final exam of a course as many as five times in an attempt to pass the
subject. Exam and test grades in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Serbia range from 6 (fail) to 10
(excellent), and in Croatia from 1 (fail) to 5 (excellent).
zGRAMMAR
* Word order in the past tense *
Any time there is more than one clitic present, all of them must occur in a specific order. The order can be
visualized in terms of six possible slots (see box below). [64] The question particle li always comes in slot
1, and verbal auxiliaries (both future and past tense) in slot 2. Object pronouns come in slot 3 (dative) and
slot 4 (genitive-accusative), respectively. The particle se comes in slot 5. The hardest to remember is that
the 3rd singular auxiliary must come in slot 6 (instead of in slot 2 with all the other auxiliaries): this is
called the je-final rule. [104c, 111a] Thus, one says ti si mu ga dala you [f.] gave it to him [order 2-3-
4] but ona mu ga je dala she gave it to him [order 3-4-6]. Here is a chart summarizing the order of clitics:
1 2 3 4 5 6
li all auxiliaries dative object genitive-accusative se 3rd singular
other than je pronouns object pronouns auxiliary je
* Verbal aspect, continued *

The imperfective aspect describes either an action in progress, a repeated action, or the general fact of an
action. It can be translated by the English progressive tenses only in the first of these meanings.
Imperfective verbs are most frequent in the present tense. In the past and future tenses they express both
one of the above meanings, and the fact of past or future action without specific focus on completion.
Perfective verbs by definition contain the idea of closure, and usually describe single completed actions;
this is their most frequent use in the past and future tenses. Aspect is often a function of the verbs
meaning, as some verbs are inherently more disposed to the idea of perfective (such as arrive) while
others more inherently disposed to the idea of imperfective (such as do or live). [106b] It can also
happen that the perfective and imperfective partners correspond to different verbal meanings in English.
The chart below illustrates the use of imperfective verbs in present and past tenses.
Imperfective aspect Present tense Past tense

ongoing Pie li pismo nekome? Dugo si pisao.
Are you writing a letter to someone? You were writing for a long time.
repeated On esto pie majci. Ranije je pisao svaki dan.
He writes to his mother often. He used to write every day.
fact Taj pisac dobro pie. Mnogo sam pisao danas.
That author writes well. I wrote a lot today.
At this point the student should review verb vocabulary and learn aspect partners for the most common
verbs. Normally the same English verb translates both partners of a pair, but in some instances the two
correspond to different English verbs. In some pairs the perfective is marked by a prefix [96b, 146c] and in
others the difference between the two is marked by a suffix. Suffixation is the more complex process since
it almost always involves a change in conjugation type and usually one or more other processes as well.
[96a, 147a] For instance, the imperfective verb davati differs from its perfective partner dati in terms of
verb type (type 1 vs. type 9 - whose marker is in fact the suffix -va). The imperfective polagati differs
from the perfective poloiti in four different ways in verb type (type 5 vs. type 2), in the stem final
consonant (- vs. -g), in the stem vowel itself (o vs. a), and in the length of this vowel. Motion verbs keep
the same prefix in both aspects, but the root is different: otii vs. odlaziti leave, doi vs. dolaziti come,
and the like. [54]
The charts on the next page give examples of prefixation and suffixation. After studying them, the student
should begin to review the different types of aspect relationships by leafing through this book's glossary.
145
PREFIXATION SUFFIXATION
imperfective jesti eat imperfective padati fall [often], be falling
perfective pojesti eat [up] perfective pasti fall [once]
imperfective uiti study imperfective polagati put, take an exam
perfective nauiti learn perfective poloiti put down, pass an exam
TYPES OF SUFFIXATION
perfective type imperfective type other changes
dati 1 davati 9 suffix -va give
poznati 1 poznavati 9 suffix -va know
ostati 5/10 ostajati 5 suffix -aj stay
ukljuiti 2 ukljuivati 8b suffix iva include
svideti se [E]
3 sviati se 1 consonant shift be pleasing to
svidjeti se [J]
osjetiti se 2 osjeati se 1 consonant shift feel
pustiti 2 putati 1 consonant shift let, allow
odgovoriti 2 odgovarati 1 stem vowel shift answer
* Subjectless sentences *
Subjectless sentences are those without a grammatical subject. Some types, such as impersonal sentences,
lack a grammatical subject altogether, [140] while others have a logical subject in some case other than
the nominative. The unifying feature is that all such sentences have 3rd singular verbs in the present tense
and neuter singular L-participles in the past tense. [141] Subjectless sentences with the dative are of several
sorts, including those with inclinational se-verbs, sviati se and initi se. [141b] Subjectless sentences with
the genitive usually concern measurement of some sort. [141c] Subjectless sentences with the accusative
express the identity of a person experiencing an emotion such as shame, worry, fear or the like. [105]
present past
impersonal Ne moe se rei. Nije se moglo rei. It cant / couldnt be said.
(dative) Dobro mi je. Dobro mi je bilo. I am / was fine.
(genitive) Mnogo ih ima. Mnogo ih je bilo. There are / were a lot of them.
(accusative) Strah me je. Strah me je bilo. I am / was afraid.
In the center of Zagreb; everything for your eyes
146
A3 81,82
The vocabulary and reading for this section are on the next two pages. Turn the page now and read the
poem. After that, come back to this page and do the exercises based on the poem.
1. [B,C] Nauite ovu pjesmu napamet.

[S] Nauite ovu pesmu napamet.
2. [B,C] Napiite novu verziju pjesme: umjesto lava stavite lavicu, i umjesto mukog imena
Brana stavite ensko ime Branka.
[S] Napiite novu verziju pesme: umesto lava stavite lavicu, i umesto mukog imena Brana
stavite ensko ime Branka.
3. [B,C] Objasnite je li ova pjesma na bosanskom, hrvatskom ili srpskom? Po emu znate?
[S] Objasnite da li je ova pesma na bosanskom, hrvatskom ili srpskom? Po emu znate?
4. [B,C] Opiite oba lika u pjesmi: lava i Branu. Kako izgledaju, koliko su mladi ili stari, koje su
im osnovne crte, i kako se osjeaju?
[S] Opiite oba lika u pesmi: lava i Branu. Kako izgledaju, koliko su mladi ili stari, koje su im
osnovne crte, i kako se oseaju?
5. [B,C] Razmislite o lavu i o Brani. Je li Branu strah lava, ili lava strah Bran e?
[S] Razmislite o lavu i o Brani. Da li je Branu strah od lava, ili lava strah od Brane?
6. [B,C] Zato Brana zapravo brie lava s papira? Sumnja li u svoje sposobnosti crtanja? A vi?
Kako vi ocjenjujete Branine sposobnosti crtanja?
[S] Zato Brana zapravo brie lava sa papira? Da li sumnja u svoje sposobnosti crtanja? A Vi?
Kako Vi ocenjujete Branine sposobnosti crtanja?
7. [B] Ko je zbilja glavni lik ove pjesme, Brana ili lav? Zbog ega ste to zakljuili?
[C] Tko je zbilja glavni lik ove pjesme, Brana ili lav? Zbog ega ste to zakljuili?
[S] Ko je zbilja glavni lik ove pesme, Brana ili lav? Zbog ega ste to zakljuili?
8. [B] ta je la, a ta je istina u pjesmi?

[C] to je la, a to je istina u pjesmi?
[S] ta je la, a ta je istina u pesmi?
The idea of fear can be expressed either by the verbs plaiti se be frightened of and bojati se to fear, or
by a subjectless sentence with accusative logical subject, of the form strah me je (meaning I am afraid).
The construction with strah me je is normally used more with concrete objects, as is plaiti se, whereas
bojati se is used with abstract contexts. With all three, that which one fears is expressed in the genitive
case. In the strah me je construction the preposition od is added in S and may optionally be added in B and
C. Thus one says bojim se visin e I am afraid of heights, plaim se mieva I am frightened of mice, and
either strah me je zmija or strah me je od zmija I am afraid of snakes.
147
VOCABULARY
bio jednom once there was... opisati, opiem to describe (P)

brisati, briem to erase (I) oseati se to feel (emotion) (I)
crta feature, trait osjeati se to feel (emotion) (I)
crtanje drawing osnovni basic
dok ne until otar, otra sharp
guma eraser pesma poem, song
istina truth pjesma poem, song
izbrisati, izbriem to erase (P) pogled look, gaze
la (f) falsehood, lie razmisliti to ponder, to think (P)
lik character sposobnost, sposobnosti (f) capability
ljut angry strah fear
milost, milosti (f) mercy strah [ga] je [he] is afraid
muki masculine, male sumnjati, sumnjam to doubt (I)
napamet by heart uho; ui, Gpl uiju [B,C,S] ear
naroguen bristling umesto + Gen instead of
nauiti napamet to memorize (P) umjesto + Gen instead of
noga; Gpl nogu leg, foot uvo; ui, Gpl uiju [S] ear
objasniti, ob jasnim to explain (P) verzija version
oblak cloud zakljuiti, zakljuim to conclude (P)
oceniti, ocenim to judge (P) zapravo actually
ocenjivati, ocenjujem to evaluate (I) zbilja really, truly
ocijeniti, ocijenim to judge (P) zbog + Gen because of, due to
ocjenjiv ati, ocjen jujem to evaluate (I) enski feminine, female
oko; oi, Gpl oiju eye
Bio jednom... (the phrase is always used without the past tense auxiliary), the equivalent of Once upon a
time..., is one of the most common ways to start a BCS story with a male protagonist. The form of the first
word of this set opening depends upon the identity of the protagonist. If the protagonist is female, the tale
will begin with Bila jednom... , while a tale with a neuter protagonist starts with Bilo jednom. Less
frequently, one finds tales with a group as protagonists. Such tales would begin Bili jednom.
148
Bio jednom jedan lav
Duan Radovi
Bio jednom jedan lav.

Kak av lav?
Straan lav! Naroguen i ljut sav.
Strano, strano!
e
Ne pitajte ta je jeo. Taj je jeo ta je hteo.
Tramvaj ceo, i oblaka jedan deo.
Strano! Strano!
Iao je na tri noge.

Gledao je na tri oka.
Sluao je na tri uva.
Strano! Strano!
Zubi otri, pogled zao,

On za milost nije znao.
Strano! Strano!
Dok ga Bran a jednog dana

Nije gumom izbrisao.
Strano! Strano!
149
A4 83,84
bolestan, bolesna sick pisanje writing

boleti, boli to hurt (I) po mom miljenju in my opinion
boljeti, boli to hurt (I) pomagati, pomaem + Dat to help (I)
uvaj se! be careful pomoi; pomognem; pomogao + Dat to help (P)
uvati, uvam to keep, to protect (I) razbuditi se, razbudim se to wake up fully (P)
dosta enough prst; Npl prsti, Gpl prstiju finger, toe
glava head rame; ramena shoulder
koleno knee skupa [C] together
koljeno knee slag ati se, slaem se to agree (I)
kosa hair stomak, stomaka [S] belly, gut
lakat; laktovi elbow stopalo foot, sole of foot
lea (pl form) back aka hand, fist
miljenje opinion, thinking trbuh [B,C] belly, gut
nain way, manner umoran, umorna tired
naroito especially verovati, verujem + Dat to believe (I)
na taj nain [in] that way vjerovati, vjerujem + Dat to believe (I)
nos, nosa nose vrat neck
noni palac big toe zaboraviti to forget (P)
obrva eyebrow zdrav healthy
odvesti, odvezem to transport [away] (P) eludac, eluca stomach
palac, palca thumb, big toe
BOLE ME I NOGE I RUKE!
Bosnian Croatian
1. Pomozi mi, molim te! Bole me i noge i ruke i 1. Pomozi mi, molim te! Bole me i noge i ruke
lea, a naroito prsti! i lea, a naroito prsti!
2. Jesi li bolestan? 2. Jesi li bolestan?
1. Ne, ini mi se da sam zdrav, samo umoran. 1. Ne, ini mi se da sam zdrav, samo umoran.
Ne mogu nositi ove knjige. Ne mogu nositi ove knjige.
2. uv aj se! Pomoi u ti! Ali ako ja tebi 2. uv aj se! Pomoi u ti! Ali ako ja tebi
pomaem, ti isto meni mora pomoi. pomaem, ti isto meni mora pomoi.
1. U pisanju zadataka? Hajde da uimo 1. U pisanju zadaa? Hajde da uimo zajedno.
zajedno. Po mom miljenju, ja i ti emo na Po mom miljenju, ja i ti emo na taj nain
taj nain najlake sve objasniti. najlake sve objasniti.
2. Slaem se. Glav a me ve boli od uenja. 2. Slaem se. Glav a me ve boli od uenja.
Prvo emo odnijeti knjige, onda u te odvesti Prvo emo odnijeti knjige, onda u te odvesti
kod sebe kui kolima, pa emo tamo skupa k sebi doma kolima, pa emo tamo skupa
uiti. uiti.
1. Pomogla nam je prolog puta i kafa! Moram 1. Pomogla nam je prolog puta i kava! Moram
se razbuditi. Spava mi se. se razbuditi. Spava mi se.
2. Vjeruj mi, nisam na to zaboravila! Ako te ne 2. Vjeruj mi, nisam na to zaboravila! Ako te ne
boli i trbuh, imam dosta kafe i za tebe i za boli i trbuh, imam dosta kave i za tebe i za
sebe. sebe.
Tricky translation: eludac is the precise word for stomach, while the words stomak [S] and trbuh
[B,C] refer more generally to the overall abdominal area, and are often translated as belly or gut, but
also stomach. Ruka means both hand and arm, and noga means both foot and leg. The more
precise terms for hand and foot are aka and stopalo, respectively. [110a]
150
Serbian
1. , ! , , a !
2. ?
1. , , . .
2. ! ! , .
1. ? . ,
.
2. . . ,
, .
1. ! . .
2. , ! ,
.
Replace prsti with palci.
Replace noga with koleno [E] koljeno [J], and lea with ramena.
Replace knjige with renici [E] rjenici [J], stolice, stolovi.
Replace kafa [B,S] kava [C] with vino, pivo.
151
zGRAMMAR
* Verbal nouns *
Nouns can be formed from verbal roots by adding the suffix -nje preceded by a long vowel. If the verbs
infinitive ends in -ati, that vowel is a. Otherwise it is e, which can (but does not always) cause a change in
the stem-final consonant. [112c] These nouns usually refer to the ongoing process of an action but they can
also refer to the fact of an action. [108, 116] For more on this type of consonant shift, see p. 163.
Suffix: -anje Suffix: -enje

infinitive verbal noun infinitive verbal noun
itati itanje reading uiti uenje learning
pisati pisanje writing misliti miljenje thinking, opinion
crtati crtanje drawing objasniti objanjen je explanation
* The human body *

A number of nouns referring to parts of the body have irregular forms. The words meaning eye and ear
are neuter in the singular. Their plural forms, however, are feminine, with the endings of feminine nouns in
a consonant, and with Gpl. in -iju. The singular of ear is uho [B,C] or uvo [S] (although uho is also used).
Several other paired body parts have Gpl. forms in -u. [110a]
Nsg Asg Gsg DLsg Isg NApl Gpl DLIpl
oko oko oka oku okom oi oiju oima eye

uho uho uha uhu uhom ui uiju uima ear
uvo uvo uva uvu uvom ui uiju uima ear
ruka ruku ruke ruci rukom ruke ruku rukama hand, arm
noga nogu noge nozi nogom noge nogu nogama leg, foot
When a body part hurts, the body part itself is the subject of the sentence, and the person who feels the
pain in his or her body is expressed in the accusative case. The verb is boleti / boljeti. Thus, for instance,
noge me bole my feet hurt, or glava je boli her head hurts. [110b]
* Verbs of transport *
As seen in Lesson 7, BCS has three different verbs meaning take [something or someone] [somewhere],
all rhyming with each other to an extent, and all with largely predictable meanings. Thus, if one is taking an
object, or a living being that must be carried (such as a baby), the verbal root nos- is used. The other two
concern a living being capable of moving under its own power. If one is taking this being somewhere on
foot, the verbal root vod- is used, but if the movement is by vehicle, the verbal root voz- is used. The
imperfective verbs all end in -iti. In their perfective partners, which exist only in prefixed form, the roots
are -nes-, -ved-, and -vez-, respectively. The most neutral perfective is with the prefix od-. Other prefixes
such as do-, u-, pre, iz-, are added to both members of the pair, creating in each instance a frequently used
new aspect pair with often abstract meanings. Below, this process is illustrated using the prefix pre-. [107]
IMPERFECTIVE PERFECTIVE
infinitive 1sg pres. infinitive 1sg pres.
carry nositi nosim odneti [E] odnijeti [J] odnesem
take (on foot), lead voditi vodim odvesti odvedem
take (by vehicle) voziti vozim odvesti odvezem
transmit, pass on prenositi prenosim preneti [E] prenijeti [J] prenesem
translate prevoditi prevodim prevesti prevedem
transport prevoziti prevozim prevesti prevezem
152
oVJEBE [B,C] VEBE [S]
B1
1. ta si radio u subotu i 1. to si radio u subotu i 1.
nedjelju? nedjelju? ?
2. Preko vikenda sam iao na 2. Preko vikenda sam iao 2.
koncert i uio. na koncert i uio. .
1. I jesi li nauio sve? 1. I jesi li nauio sve? 1. ?
2. Jesam ovog puta! Pao sam na 2. Jesam ovoga puta! Pao 2. !
ispitu prolog petka, ali neu sam na ispitu prolog ,
sad pasti. petka, ali ne u sad pasti. .
Replace koncert with (u) bioskop [S] (u) kino [B,C], (u) kazalite [C] (u) pozorite [B,S] and uiti (I)
nauiti (P) with itati (I) proitati (P); pisati (I) napisati (P).
Redo the exercise so that #2 is a female speaker.
B2
Ask each other these questions in the past tense. After that, then make each one into a question about the
future.

1. ta si radio preko vikenda? 1. to si radio preko vikenda? 1. ta si radio preko vikenda?
2. ta si radila u ponedjeljak 2. to si radila u ponedjeljak 2. ta si radila u ponedeljak
popodne? popodne? popodne?
3. Kako su ti profesori 3. Kako su ti profesori 3. Kako su ti profesori
pomogli prije ispita? pomogli prije ispita? pomogli pre ispita?
4. ta si proitala preko ljeta? 4. to si proitala preko ljeta? 4. ta si proitala preko leta?
5. Da li si napisao cijelu 5. Jesi li napisao cijelu 5. Da li si napisao celi domai
domau zadau za danas? domau zadau za danas? zadatak za danas?
6. ta si gledao u kinu prolog 6. to si gledao u kinu prolog 6. ta si gledao u bioskopu
petka? petka? prolog petka?
B3
Bosnian, Croatian Serbian
1. Jao, glava me boli! 1. , !
2. Bole li te i trbuh i glava? 2. ?
1. Ne, samo me glava boli, ali boli strano! 1. , , !
Replace glava and trbuh or stomak with
a) oi and ui and nos
b) ake and prsti and palci
c) stopala and prsti and noni palci
d) lea and vrat and ramena
Remember to make any appropriate adjustments to the verbs.
153
B4
1. Nema obinih olovaka nigdje 1. Nema obinih olovaka nigdje 1. Nema obinih olovaka
u ovoj sobi! u ovoj sobi! nigde u ovoj sobi!
2. Jue ujutro ih je bilo, ali 2. Juer ujutro ih je bilo, ali 2. Jue ujutro ih je bilo, ali
jutros kad sam se probudio jutros kad sam se probudio jutros kad sam se
vie ih nije bilo. vie ih nije bilo. probudio vie ih nije bilo.
1. A da li je bilo hemijskih 1. A je li bilo kemijskih olovaka 1. A da li je bilo hemijskih
olovaka u onoj torbi jutros? u onoj torbi jutros? olovaka u onoj torbi
2. Da, bilo ih je u ovoj torbi, ali 2. Da, bilo ih je u ovoj torbi, ali jutros?
sad ih nema. sad ih nema. 2. Da, bilo ih je u ovoj
1. Izgleda da smo ih zbilja 1. Izgleda da smo ih zbilja torbi, ali sad ih nema.
izgubili. izgubili. 1. Izgleda da smo ih zbilja
izgubili.
Replace olovke with kratka pisma, nemaki [E] njemaki [J] udbenici, slatke kruke.
Replace torba with prostor ija, sto [B,S] stol [C], soba, zgrada.
Use this exchange as a model for narrating an instance when you lost something.
Self-study learners: Pay attention to the way nema, bilo and nije bilo are used.
B5
1. Profesori nam pomau, ali mi njima ne 1. ,
pomaemo! !
2. Zato im ne pomaete? 2. ?
1. Zato to jo ne znamo dosta o ovom pitanju! 1.
2. Uite pa ete nauiti! !
2. !
Redo this conversation in the past tense. Keep the verb pomoi but use the singular forms
profesor, profesorica [B,C] profesorka [S]
B6
a. Make a present tense version of exercise B5 , replacing pomagati with govoriti (in the case of
profesori) and odgovarati (in the case of mi). Then make a past-tense version of it, replacing pomoi
with govoriti (in the case of profesori) and odgovoriti (in the case of mi).
b. Make both present and past tense versions of the same exercise, this time replacing pomagati and
pomoi with verovati [E] vjerovati [].
B7
Work in pairs to come up with fifteen examples of time expressions, five each using the accusative, the
genitive, and the instrumental.
Self-study learners: Go back over the last several lessons and make a list of the different sorts of time
expressions you have seen. What sorts of generalizations can you make about the ways different cases are
used to express the idea of time?
154
C1
Translate:
1. We will have friends in France and Greece. We had friends in England and Germany.
2. They will go by car through New York. They went by train through North America.
3. I will eat meat. He ate four apples and six oranges.
4. I will go to Argentina for a month.
5. With whom will you live in the fall? Last year I lived with a friend.
6. Will you explain this to me? I dont understand.
C2
For each blank in the following sentences, choose the correct aspectual form from the pair of verbs in
parentheses at the end of the sentence, and supply it with the endings required by the sentence.
1. [B,C] ........ mi ..... odmah! Svaki dan ja ti ........ , a ti mi ..... nisi ........ ve mjesec dana.
[S] ........ mi ..... odmah! Svaki dan ja ti ........ , a ti mi ..... nisi ........ ve mesec dana.
(javljati se, javiti se)
2. Koliko puta moram ........ ovaj ispit da ga ........ ? (polagati, poloiti)
3. [B,C] Kad me zove, uvijek ........ ali prolog petka nisam mogla ........ . (dolaziti, doi)
[S] Kad me zove, uvek ........ ali prolog petka nisam mogla ........ . (dolaziti, doi)
4. [B,C] ........ u grad! Sada mi ........ na fakultet, a poslije emo i mi ........ u grad. (polaziti, poi)
[S] ........ u grad! Sada mi ........ na fakultet, a posle emo i mi ........ u grad. (polaziti, poi)
5. On satima ve ........ . Kada e taj roman ........ ? (itati, proitati)
6. [B,C] Ti uvijek meni rukom ........ divna pisma, ali sam ja danas tebi ........ pismo preko
interneta! (pisati, napisati)
[S] Ti uvek meni rukom ........ divna pis ma, ali sam ja danas tebi ........ pismo preko interneta!
(pisati, napisati)
7. [B] Jue ste joj ........ hljeb, jaja i mlijeko. Dan as joj mi ........ eer, kafu i aj.
[C] Juer ste joj ........ kruh, jaja i mlijeko. Danas joj mi ........ eer, kavu i aj.
[S] Jue ste joj ........ hleb, jaja i mleko. Danas joj mi ........ eer, kafu i aj.
(kupovati, kupiti)
8. ........ mu! Oni su mu ve ........ . (odgovarati, odgovoriti)
9. [B] Obino ujutro ........ mnogo soka od narande, ali jue sam ........ dvije ae mlijeka.
[C] Obino ujutro ........ mnogo soka od narane, ali juer sam ........ dvije ae mlijeka.
[B] Obino ujutro ........ mnogo soka od pomorande, ali jue sam ........ dve ae mlek a.
(piti, popiti)
10. Kad ........ kruku, doi ovamo! (jesti, pojesti)
155
11. ........ stan! Strano je neuredan. (spremati, spremiti)
12. [B,C] Pet sati je. Vrijeme mi je da ........ . (odlaziti, otii)
[S] Pet sati je. Vreme mi je da ........ . (odlaziti, otii)
13. [B,C] Jesi li ........ lice? (prati, oprati)
[S] Da li si ........ lice? (prati, oprati)
14. ........ novac za benzin. (uzimati, uzeti)
15. On je nekoliko puta ........ na ovom ispitu. (padati, pasti)
16. [B] Ako ........ kompjuter ovdje na sto, bit e mi bolje raditi. (stavljati, staviti)
[C] Ako ........ kompjutor ovdje na stol, bit e mi bolje raditi. (stavljati, staviti)
[S] Ako ........ kompjuter ovde na sto, bie mi bolje raditi. (stavljati, staviti)
17. [B] Nikad nee znati kako ........ to to radim. (ocjenjivati, ocijeniti)
[C] Nikad ne e znati kako ........ to to radim. (ocjenjivati, ocijeniti)
[S] Nikad nee znati kako ........ to to radim. (ocenjivati, oceniti)
C3
Translate the first sentence in each group into English. Then translate the two that follow it into B, C or S
using the first sentence as a model.
1. a. Pojeo je tramvaj ceo.

b. We ate five pears.
c. Once there was a lioness and she ate a part of a cloud.
2. a. Dovezli smo vam teke stvari kolima, a lake stvari smo vam nosili u rukama.
b. We carried the child to the restaurant.
c. We brought you this beautiful chair by train.
3. a. Nije bilo vie vremena.

b. There were no pears in the house.
c. There were no things in the car.
4. a. Prole subote smo joj pomogli.

b. Today I am helping you.
c. They helped the people.
5. a. Svejedno im je.
b. It doesnt matter to us.
c. It does matter to me.
6. a. Zato ne jede? Zbog toga to nisam gladna.

b. Why aren't you sleeping? Because it is three oclock in the afternoon.
c. Why aren't you writing your homework assignment? Because it isn't interesting.
156
C4
Match word to picture. Note that one picture may illustrate more than one word!
stopala noga prst obrve lice oi glava uho [B,C] palac nos kosa ruka aka koleno [E]
uvo [S] koljeno [J]
k 5 ) gh ( o
C5
Insert a noun related to a part of the body after each number. Write the number out in words.
glava, oko, noga, palac, prsti, ruka, stomak [S] trbuh [B,C], uho [B,C] uvo [S], vrat, eludac.
For example: sedam glava
10
157
C6
1. Which of the masculine body-part nouns have plurals ending in -ovi or -evi?
2. Which of the body-part nouns have genitive plurals ending in -u?
3. Which of these words has a phonetic change in the dative/locative singular?
4. Which of these words has a phonetic change in the nominative plural?
5. Of the body part names you have learned so far, which one is used only in the plural form?
6. List all the neuter nouns among the body-part vocabulary, singular and plural.

VOCABULARY
a, enough final, last

, sorrowful final, last
place , [B,C] overjoyed
place , [S] overjoyed
, ; to find (P) to be born (P)
parking , get around to
, , .
, .
. ,
.
Bring a question on each aphorism to class, incorporating one or more of these phrases:
a. Zar ........?
b. Zbog eg a ....... ?
c. Objasnite ........ .
d. [B,S] ta ste zakljuili? [C] to ste zakljuili?
e. O emu se radi?
f. [B,C] in i li vam se ........ ? [S] Da li vam se ini ........ ?
Pria: Albahari
Read Part VII of the story Osam malih pria o mojoj en i by David Albahari (p. 344).
158
A1 85,86
VOCABULARY
gotovo thats that! reen resolved

haljina dress reiti to resolve (P)
hlae [B,C] (pl form) pants, trousers rijeen resolved
jedan aesti eleventh rijeiti to resolve (P)
koulja shirt smatrati, smatram to consider (I)
pantalone [S] (pl form) pants, trousers eir, eira hat
pokuati to try (P) vaan, vana important
rasprava discussion zavren finished
reen, reen a said zavriti, zavrim to finish (P)
VANO, VANIJE, NAJVANIJE

1. Tvoje pitanje je bilo vano 1. Tvoje je pitanje bilo vano 1.
ali moje je bilo vanije! ali moje je bilo vanije!
2. Tano, ali je moje pitanje 2. Tono, ali je moje pitanje !
svakako bilo zanimljivije! svakako bilo zanimljivije! 2. , je
3. Dosta je reeno. Moje 3. Dosta je reeno. Moje je !
pitanje je i vanije i zanim- pitanje i vanije i zanim- 3. .
ljivije od vaih, i gotovo! ljivije od vaih, i gotovo!
1. [turning to fourth student] Ti 1. [turning to fourth student] Ti ,
nam pokuaj rei: ko je od nam pokuaj rei: tko je od !
nas imao najzanimljivije nas imao najzanimljivije 1. [turning to fourth student]
pitanje? pitanje? : je
4. Rijeena je stvar! Rasprava 4. Rijeena je stvar! Rasprava
je zavrena! Zakljuio sam je zavrena! Zakljuio sam ?
da svako smatra svoje da svatko smatra svoje 4. !
pitanje najzanimljivijim! pitanje najzanimljivijim! !
o
!
Instead of pitanje, vani, zanim ljivi, use a) haljina - ar ena, elegantna; b) hlae [C] pantalone [B,S] -
debele, tople; c) kaput - veliki, lepi [E] lijepi [J]; d) koulja - duga, tanka; e) eir - visoki, dobri.
Note that there are four different speakers in this exercise, not just the usual two.
Hes finished!
159
z GRAMMAR
* Passive participles *
Passive participles are adjective-like words made from verbs; they refer to completed actions. To form the
passive participle, add the correct participle marker either to the infinitive stem (found by dropping -ti) or
to the present stem (found by dropping the final vowel of 3rd pl.pres.). Then add regular adjectival endings.
* Verb types and the formation of passive participles *

There are three different participle markers: -n, -t, and -en. A knowledge of verb types (see the verb chart
on p. 142) is very helpful in remembering which verb takes which marker. The marker -n is found in most
verbs whose infinitive ends in -ati (types 1, 4, 5, 8, and 10), and the participle is made by adding the marker
-n to the infinitive stem. The marker -t is found exclusively in verbs of types 7 and 11, and is frequently
used in verbs of type 6; it is added to the infinitive stem. The most complex of the three is the marker -en,
which is found in verbs with infinitives in -iti and a number of others as well. To form these participles, add
the marker directly to the present stem of verbs of types 13, 14, and 16. Before adding it to the present stem
of verbs of types 2, 3, and 15, however, change the stem-final consonant to its softened variant (found in
the chart on p. 163). Although the passive participle forms must be learned individually for certain verbs,
the system summarized in the chart below works for the vast majority of verbs. The abbreviations PM and
C in the chart below mean participle marker and consonant softening, respectively.
PM Type infinitive 3rd pl. present passive participle

-n- 1 pregledati pregledaju pregledan checked, examined
4 odrati odre odran held
5 napisati napiu napisan written
8 organizovati organizuju organizovan organized
10 sabrati saberu sabran gathered
-t- 7 opsednuti opsednu opsednut besieged
11 zauzeti zauzmu zauzet busy, taken
-en- 13 pojesti pojedu pojeden eaten, consumed
14 odvesti odvezu odvezen driven, taken
donijeti donesu donesen brought
16 pronai pronau pronaen discovered
C -en- 2 postaviti postave postavljen placed
3 videti / vidjeti vide vien seen
15 izvui izvuku izvuen drawn out
-t- / -en- 6 popiti popiju popit / popijen drunk [up]
naliti naliju nalit / naliven poured [over]
-t- / -n- (1) poslati poalju poslat / poslan sent
* Comparison of adjectives *
Adjectives come in three degrees of comparison: positive, comparative, and superlative (as in English
good, better, best). To form the BCS comparative degree, add a suffix to the adjective stem, and to form
the superlative degree, place the particle naj- in front of the comparative form. Comparatives and superla-
tives are treated as regular adjectives, except that they occur only in the long form (masc. -i, etc.). Adverbs
are formed from the Nsg neuter comparative or superlative form. [113] Four adjectives express comparison
by a different word altogether, [113c] and a number of adjectives follow a model to be seen in the grammar
to A2. All others use the suffix -ij. The accent is always short rising on the syllable preceding this suffix.
[113a] Examples in the left-hand column below are given in the dictionary form, Nsg. masc. short form.
160
Positive [stem] Comparative Superlative
suffix -ij- vaan van- vaniji najvaniji important (more, most)
star star- stariji najstariji old, older, oldest
zanimljiv zanimljiv- zanimljiviji najzanimljiviji interesting (more, most)
different dobar bolji najbolji good, better, best
word lo gori najgori bad, worse, worst
velik vei najvei big, bigger, biggest
mali, malen manji najmanji small, smaller, smallest
[see A-2] visok vis- vii najvii tall, taller, tallest
A cafe on Tkalieva St. near Zagreb's main square.
A cafe inside Diocletian's palace, Split
Cafe, Novi Sad
161
A2 87,88
VOCABULARY
atmosfera ambience prijatan, prijatna pleasant

bolji better prilog side dish
ekanje waiting prostor space
dobiti, dobijem to get (P) razliit different, distinct
dodue furthermore rotilj grill
dogovoren agreed salata salad
dogovoriti se, dogovorim se to agree (P) sasvim completely
jedan drugome to one another slastica [C] dessert
juha [C] soup slian, slina similar
kuhar [B,C] cook specijalitet, specijaliteta speciality
kuvar [S] cook supa [B,S] soup
manje less trebati to need (I)
manji smaller udoban, udobna comfortable
nego than uporediti [B,S], uporedim to compare (P)
poreenje [B,S] comparison usporedba [C] comparison
poslastica [B,S] dessert usporediti [B,C], usporedim to compare (P)
potreban, potrebna necessary vegetarijanski vegetarian
predjelo appetizer
DVA RESTORANA
Bosnian Croatian
1. Hajde da usporedimo ova dva restorana. 1. Hajde da usporedimo ova dva restorana.
Jesu li jedan drugome slini ili razliiti? Jesu li jedan drugome slini ili razliiti?
2. Dobro. Za poetak reci mi, koji ti se vie 2. Dobro. Za poetak reci mi, koji ti se vie
svia, a koji ti se manje svia? svia, a koji ti se manje svia?
1. Po mom miljenju nisu uopte slini jedan 1. Po mom miljenju nisu uope slini jedan
drugom. Ovaj restoran mi se manje svia. drugome. Ovaj restoran mi se manje svia.
2. Zato? U ovom su bolja jela nego u onome. 2. Zato? U ovom su bolja jela nego u onome.
1. Slaem se. Ali se tamo eka krae. U ovom 1. Slaem se. Ali se tamo eka krae. U ovom
restoranu je tee dobiti sto nego u onom. restoranu je tee dobiti stol nego u onom.
Tamo se osjeam bolje. Tamo se osjeam bolje.
2. Onaj restoran jeste vei od ovoga. 2. Onaj restoran jest vei od ovoga.
1. Gdje je udobnija atmosfera? 1. Gdje je udobnija atmosfera?
2. Atmosfera je manje udobna u onom. 2. Atmosfera je manje udobna u onom.
1. Dogovoreno: ovaj restoran ima bolja jela. 1. Dogovoreno: ovaj restoran ima bolja jela.
Dodue, eka se due i tee je dobiti sto, i Dodue, eka se due i tee je dobiti stol, i
manji je, ali ima udobniju atmosferu. Onaj manji je, ali ima udobniju atmosferu. Onaj
restoran ima gora jela, eka se krae, lake restoran ima gora jela, eka se krae, lake
je dobiti sto, i vei je. je dobiti stol, i vei je.
2. Dakle, na kraju, ovom restoranu trebaju vei 2. Dakle, na kraju ovom restoranu trebaju vei
prostor i vie stolova, a onom restoranu tre- prostor i vie stolova, a onom restoranu tre-
baju bolja jela i prijatnija atmosfera! Moram baju bolja jela i prijatnija atmosfera! Moram
zakljuiti da su ova dva restorana sasvim zakljuiti da su ova dva restorana sasvim
razliita. razliita.
Self-study learners: Note the use of nego and od, ovaj and onaj, ali and a in drawing comparisons.
162
Serbian
1. Hajde da uporedimo ova dva restorana. Da li su slini jedan drugom ili razliiti?
2. Dobro. Za poetak reci mi, koji ti se vie svia, a koji ti se manje svia?
1. Po mom miljenju nisu uopte slini jedan drugome. Ovaj restoran mi se manje svia.
2. Zato? U ovom su bolja jela nego u onom.
1. Slaem se. Ali se tamo eka krae. U ovom restoranu je tee dobiti sto nego u onom. Tamo se
oseam bolje.
2. Onaj restoran jeste vei od ovoga.
1. Gde je udobnija atmosfera?
2. Atmosfera je manje udobna u onom.
1. Dogovoreno: ovaj restoran ima bolja jela. Dodue, eka se due i tee je dobiti sto, i manji je,
ali ima udobniju atmosferu. Onaj restoran ima gora jela, eka se krae, lake je dobiti sto, i
vei je.
2. Dakle, na kraju, ovom restoranu su potrebni vei prostor i vie stolova, a onom restoranu tre-
baju bolja jela i prijatnija atmosfera. Moram da zakljuim da su ova dva restorana sasvim
razliita.
Draw your own comparisons between a) ovo, ono predavanje; b) ova, ona kola; c) bosanski [B]
hrvatski [C] srpski [S] jezik, francuski jezik; d) ivot na selu, ivot u gradu.
zGRAMMAR
* Comparison of adjectives expressed by consonant softening *
Many adjectives add the meaning comparative by softening ( = changing the shape of) the stem-final
consonant. To do this, simply replace the consonant in the dictionary form of the word (the base con-
sonant) by its softened variant, as shown in the chart below. Such changes occur in the formation of
comparative and superlative adjectives, passive participles, verbal nouns, the instrumental singular of femi-
nine nouns in a consonant, and certain other words. The soft version of -st- is --, more rarely -t-. [112c]
base k g h c s z t d p b v m n l sl sn zn zd st st
soft plj blj vlj mlj nj lj lj nj nj t
Adjectives which express comparison in this way replace the stem-final consonant by its softened variant.
If the adjective stem ends in -ak or -ok, this syllable is usually dropped first. [113b] As in other adjectives,
the superlative is formed by adding naj- to the comparative form. Three adjectives add the suffix -. [113a]
Although a number of adjectives have several meanings, only one is given for each in the chart below.
Positive [stem] Comparative Superlative
suffix -- lep [E] lijep [J] lepi, ljepi najlepi, najljepi nice, nicer, nicest
mek meki najmeki soft, softer, softest
lak laki najlaki easy, easier, easiest
softening brz bri najbri fast, faster, fastest
est ei najei often (more, most)
dug dui najdui long, longer, longest
glup gluplji najgluplji stupid, stupider, stupidest
jak jai najjai strong, stronger, strongest
mlad mlai najmlai young, younger, youngest
tih tii najtii quiet, quieter, quietest
kratak krat- krai najkrai short, shorter, shortest
teak te- tei najtei hard, harder, hardest
nizak niz- nii najnii low, lower, lowest
debeo debl- deblji najdeblji fat, fatter, fattest
tanak tan- tanji najtanji thin, thinner, thinnest
163
* Comparison of adverbs *
Comparative and superlative adverbs
are equivalent to the corresponding ADJECTIVE (neuter singular) ADVERB
neuter singular adjective forms. In visoko vie najvie mnogo vie najvie
two instances, the neuter singular tall taller tallest many more most
adjective and the adverb have the malo manje najmanje malo manje najmanje
same form but different meanings. small smaller smallest few, little less least
* Comparison than *
Comparison than is expressed by od + Gen, as in ovaj grad je vei od onoga this city is bigger than that
one. One can also use nego (and must use nego if a verb follows). What follows nego must be a gram-
matical match to what precedes, as in bolje je u ovom mestu nego u onom its better in this place than in
that one. Manje can be combined with an adjective or adverb in a manner parallel to English less, as in
manje je ugodno its less comfortable. [114] The BCS word meaning more, however (vie) cannot
normally be combined with adjectives or adverbs; one must use the comparative forms presented above.
* One another *
The idea one another is

expressed by the phrase
jedan drugi. The first com-
ponent of this phrase is usu-
ally in the nominative, while
the second is in whatever
case the sentence requires.
Thus, in the phrase slian
jedan drugome similar to
one another, the second
component must be in the
dative case. This phrase is
also often used in the mean-
ing each other. For more
discussion, see pp. 237 and
259. [160]
* The verb trebati *

The verb trebati means need. The one who needs something is in the dative, and what s/he needs is the
subject of the sentence, as in trebaju mi olovke I need pencils. In Croatian and Bosnian one can also use
trebati like English need, as in ja trebam nove olovke. [119]
* Names of professionals*
Words ending in -ik, -a, -ar (and other less frequently used suffixes) identify a person who does a parti-
cular job. They refer either to the profession in general terms or to a specific male praticing that profession.
In some cases there is a separate word for a female practitioner of the profession; in others the general word
is used. B, C, and S sometimes have different words for the same profession. The following gives examples
according to Serbian and Croatian preferences. The Bosnian preference is noted as [B]; if no notation is
given, it means Bosnian uses both words. An asterisk (*) means the form is ekavian (consult the other side
of the table or the glossary for the corresponding ijekavian word). [121b]
164
STRUKE PROFESSIONS
Profession C (male/general) (female) S (male/general) (female)
architect arhitekt [B] arhitekta

actor glumac glumica glumac glumica
artist umjetnik umjetnica umetnik * umetnica *
baker pekar pekarica pekar pekarica
barber brija [B] berberin
biologist biolog biolog
boss ef efica ef efica
butcher mesar [B] kasapin, mesar
carpenter stolar tesar
chemist kem iar kem iarka hemiar [B] hemiarka [B]
clerk inovnik inovnica inovnik inovnica
pisar pisar
composer skladatelj skladateljica kompozitor [B] kompozitorka [B]
cook kuhar [B] kuharica [B] kuvar kuvarica
dancer plesa plesaica igra igraica
dentist zubar zubarica zubar zubarka
director direktor, direktorica, direktor direktorica
ravnatelj ravnateljica
doctor lijenik, lijenica, lekar,* [B] lekarka,*
doktor doktorica doktor doktorica, doktorka
driver voza voza
electrician elektriar elektriarka elektriar elektriarka
farmer poljoprivrednik poljoprivrednik
housekeeper domaica domaica
lawyer odvjetnik advokat
manager upravnik, upravnica, upravnik [B] upravnica
upravitelj upraviteljica
mechanic strojar, mehaniar mehaniar [B]
minister [gov't.] ministar ministrica ministar
musician glazbenik glazbenica muziar [B] muziarka [B]
nurse bolniar bolniarka, bolniar bolniarka,
medicinska medicinska sestra
sestra
painter slikar slikarica slikar slikarka [B]
pharmacist apotekar, apotekarica apotekar, apotekarka [B]
farmaceu t farmaceu t
poet pjesnik pjesnikinja pesnik * pesnikinja *
president predsjednik predsjednica predsednik * predsednica *
priest (Catholic) sveenik svetenik
priest (Orthodox) pop pop
scholar znanstvenik, znanstvenica naunik [B]
uenjak [B]
sculptor kipar kiparica vajar vajarka
soldier vojnik vojnik
teacher nastavnik, nastavnica, nastavnik, nastavnica,
uitelj uiteljica uitelj uiteljica
thief lopov lopov
veterinarian veterinar veterinar
waiter konobar konobarica konobar, konobarica,
kelner [B] kelnerica [B]
worker radnik radnica radnik radnica
writer pisac spisateljica pisac spisateljica
165
A3 89,90
VOCABULARY
barem at least plan grada map of town

baviti se + Instr to do, to occupy oneself with (I) razni various
glumica actress seati se + Gen to remember (I)
hronika [B,S] chronicle sjeati se + Gen to remember (I)
inen jer, inenjer a engineer stati, stanem to stop (P)
kako kada depends on when struka profession
kronika [C] chronicle taksi taxi
matematiar mathematician taksiranje taxi driving
mogue possible taksist [C] taxi driver
na primer for example taksista [B,S] taxi driver
na primjer for example travniki Travnik (adj.)
nameravati, nameravam to intend (I) ubudue in the future
namjeravati, namjer avam to intend (I) vozaka dozvola drivers license
nauka [B,S] science zadovoljan, zadovoljna satisfied
ni... ni... neither... nor... zaraivati, zaraujem to earn (I)
novinar journalist znanost, znanosti [C] (f) science
STRUKA I POSAO
Bosnian Croatian
1. ta radi? 1. to radi?
2. itam roman Travnika hronika pisca Ive 2. itam roman Travnika hronika pisca Ive
Andria. Andria.
1. A, sjeam se tog roman a! I ja sam ga itala 1. A, sjeam se tog roman a! I ja sam ga itala
prije mnogo godina. Ali nisam na to mislila, prije mnogo godina. Ali nisam na to mislila,
ve sam te namjerav ala pitati ime se bavi! ve sam te namjerav ala pitati ime se bavi!
2. A to! Po struci sam inenjer, ali vozim taksi. 2. A to! Po struci sam inenjer, ali vozim taksi.
1. Je li mogue?! Jesi li time zadovoljan? Da li 1. Je li mogue?! Jesi li time zadovoljan? A
se taksiranjem barem dobro zarauje? zarauje li se barem dobro taksiranjem?
2. Kako kada! Najbolje nou. 2. Kako kada! Najbolje nou.
1. A ime se bave tvoji prijatelji? 1. A ime se bave tvoji prijatelji?
2. Svi su taksisti, ali imaju razne struke. 2. Svi su taksisti, ali imaju razne struke.
1. Na primjer? 1. Na primjer?
2. Jedna je ljekarka, jed an je matematiar, 2. Jedna je lijenica, jedan je matematiar,
jedan je tesar, ali svi imaju vozaku dozvolu jedan je stolar, ali svi imaju vozaku doz-
i plan grada. ime se ti bavi? volu i plan grada. ime se ti bavi?
1. Upravo sam zavrila fakultet politikih 1. Upravo sam zavrila fakultet politikih
nauka, ali nije bilo posla kao novinar ranije, znanosti, ali nije bilo posla kao novinar
nema ga ni sada, i nee ga biti ni ubudue. ranije, nema ga ni sada, i nee ga biti ni
2. Stani! Idi poloiti vozaki ispit. Trebat e ti ubudue.
vozaka dozvola. Uvijek moe biti taksista! 2. Stani! Idi poloiti vozaki ispit. Trebat e ti
vozaka dozvola! Uvijek moe biti taksist!
166
Serbian
1. ?
2. a a .
1. A, . . A ,
!
2. ! , .
1. ?! ? ca
?
2. ! .
1. e ?
2. , a.
1. ?
2. , , ,
. ?
1. ,
, , .
2. ! o . .
!
Write your own conversation between two people discussing employment. Use as resources the voca-
tions italicized in 11A and on p. 165, and the list of disciplines on p. 208. Be sure to include in your con-
versation the question ime se bavi?
Ivo Andri was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1961. He is best known for short stories, the
novella Prokleta avlija (The Damned Yard), and three novels: Na Drini uprija (The Bridge on the Drina),
Gospoica (The Woman from Sarajevo), and Travnika hronika (translated into English as Bosnian
Chronicle, Bosnian Story, and, most recently, Days of the Consuls). He wrote all three novels under house
arrest during World War II, and published them all in 1945, after the war ended. Andri considered himself
a Yugoslav writer, and wrote chiefly about Bosnia.
zGRAMMAR
* The instrumental case, continued *
The instrumental case is used for the second object after verbs like smatrati, initi and others, as in mi ga
smatramo pametnim we consider him [to be] intelligent, or to e ga initi vojnikom that will make him
[into] a soldier. The verb baviti se followed by the instrumental case means be occupied with, and is the
usual way of identifying an occupation or a frequently undertaken activity. Thus, im e se bavite? means
what do you do? and ona se bavi crtanjem means she [regularly] draws. [81d]
Saddlemaker and Beltmaker Lawyer
167
Knowledge
A4 91,92
VOCABULARY
dovoljan, dovoljna sufficient radno mjesto place of employment

leati, leim to lie, to be lying (I) razumevanje understanding
nego ta! [B,S] you'd better believe it! razumijevanje understanding
nego to! [C] you'd better believe it! red line, queue
neizvesnost, neizvesnosti (f) uncertainty savetovati se to get advice (I)
neizvjesnost, neizvjesnosti (f) uncertainty savjetovati se to get advice (I)
nikad se ne zna you never know sesti, sednem to sit down (P)
odnos attitude, relationship sjesti, sjednem to sit down (P)
osoblje staff, personnel sluba za zapoljavanje employment office
pada [mi] na pamet it occurs [to me] smetati, smetam + Dat to bother (I)
poduze [B,C] business, company stati, stanem to stand up (P)
preduzee [B,S] business, company uenje study, learning
prema + Dat toward znanje knowledge
radno mesto place of employment zvanje vocation
TREBA MI POSAO!
1. Sjednite tu! Pomozite mi! 1. Sjednite tu! Pomozite mi! 1. Sedite tu! Pomozite mi!
Treba mi bolji posao. Ne Treba mi bolji posao. Ne Treba mi bolji posao. Ne
zaraujem dovoljno! zaraujem dovoljno! zaraujem dovoljno!
2. Razumijem. Sigurno te je 2. Razumijem. Sigurno te je 2. Razumem. Sigurno te je
strah od neizvjesnosti! strah od neizvjesnosti! strah od neizvesnosti!
1. Nije me strah niega i ne 1. Nije me strah ni od ega i 1. Nije me strah ni od ega i
treba mi vae razumije- ne treba mi vae razumije- ne treba mi vae razume-
vanje. Treba mi posao! vanje. Treba mi posao! vanje. Treba mi posao!
2. Ali pitanje je hoe li dobro 2. Ali pitanje je hoe li dobro 2. Ali pitanje je da li e nai
radno mjesto u nekom pred- radno mjesto u nekom po- dobro radno mesto u nekom
uzeu nai ako sjedi ovdje. duzeu nai ako sjedi preduzeu ako sedi ovde.
1. Ne sjedim nego leim. ovdje. 1. Ne sedim nego leim.
Ovako mogu lake gledati 1. Ne sjedim nego leim. Ovako mogu lake da gle-
televiziju. Ovako mogu lake gledati dam televiziju.
2. Jo gore! Stani na noge! televiziju. 2. Jo gore! Stani na noge!
Smeta mi tvoj odnos prema 2. Jo gore! Stani na noge! Smeta mi tvoj odnos prema
poslu! Dosta je ekanja! Smeta mi tvoj odnos prema poslu! Dosta je ekanja!
Trebaju ti uenje i znanje! poslu! Dosta je ekanja! Trebaju ti uenje i znanje!
168
1. Treba da stojim u redu u Trebaju ti uenje i znanje! 1. Treba da stojim u redu u
slubi za zapoljavanje? 1. Trebam stajati u redu u slubi za zapoljavanje?
2. Nego ta! Treba da se slubi za zapoljavanje? 2. Nego ta! Treba da se savet-
savjetuje s osobljem u 2. Nego to! Treba se savjetuje s osobljem u slubi.
slubi. Valja pokuati! ovati s osobljem u slubi. Valja pokuati!
1. Ne pada mi na pamet. Stvari Valja pokuati! 1. Ne pada mi na pamet. Stvari
e ve krenuti same od 1. Ne pada mi na pamet. Stvari e ve krenuti same od sebe.
sebe. Meni previe ne smeta e ve krenuti same od sebe. Meni ne smeta previe
ovakav ivot. Meni ne smeta previe ovakav ivot.
2. Samo ti lezi i gledaj ovakav ivot. 2. Samo ti lezi i gledaj
televiziju! Nikad se ne zna! 2. Samo ti lezi i gledaj televiziju! Nikad se ne zna!
televiziju! Nikad se ne zna!
Play this interchange as a skit, rehearsing it outside of class so that you can peform it in class without
referring to the text.
Self-study learners: Note the use of treba and valja, the imperatives, the comparatives, the phrases
nego ta / to and ne pada mi na pamet, and the use of smetati.
Croatian
Pharmaceutical Society
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pharmaceutical Herald
Editorial Board and Administration
169
Pharmacy
zGRAMMAR
* The verb trebati, continued *
The BCS verb trebati means need. When it is followed by a verb, the meaning is that someone needs to
do something. There are two ways to express this meaning. According to the more frequently used one, the
form treba is unchanging and the action is expressed by da + present tense, as in ti treba da ui veeras
you need to study tonight. In Croatian and Bosnian, this meaning of need can also be expressed as in
English: the person who needs to do something is the subject of the conjugated verb trebati, and either form
of the infinitive can follow. Thus, one can say either ti treba uiti veeras or ti treba da ui veeras.
When the idea is a subjectless one, there is no variation. One can use only 3rd sg. treba followed by infini-
tive or equivalent, as in treba ekati its necessary to wait.
* Verbs of body position *

There are two different sets of verbs meaning sit, stand, and lie. One expresses stasis (the fact of
being IN a position), and the other describes motion (INTO the position). The motion verbs all have present
tense forms in -nem (etc.) and the stasis verbs all have present tense form in -im (etc.). The stasis verb sit
belongs to type 3 in ekavian (sedeti, sedim) but to type 2 in ijekavian (sjediti, sjedim). [120]
SIT STAND LIE
stasis sedeti (sed im) sjediti (sjedim) stajati (stojim) leati (leim)
motion sesti (sednem) sjesti (sjednem) stati (stanem) lei (legnem)
Open Monday to Friday.

Hours of operation: weekdays, 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.
170
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
1. Kako si? 1. Kako si? 1. ?
2. Sretna sam. 2. Sretna sam. 2. .
1. Eh, svakako sam ja sretniji 1. Eh, svakako sam ja 1. E, ja
od tebe. sretniji od tebe. .
2. Ne, ne, ja sam sretnija. A ti 2. Ne, ne, ja sam sretnija. A 2. , , . A
si manje sretan! ti si manje sretan! .
Replace sretni [B,C] sreni [S] with: dobri, duhoviti, lepi [E] lijepi [J], loi, pametni, slatki, strani,
visoki.
Redo this exercise first in the past tense, and then in the future tense.
B2
Use the menu items on p. 163 as a basis for a discussion comparing two or more restaurants.
B3
1. ime e se baviti kad 1. ime e se baviti kad 1. ime e da se bavi kad
zavri fakultet? zavri fakultet? zavri fakultet?
2. elim da budem doktor. 2. elim biti lijenik. A ti? 2. elim da budem lekar. A ti?
A ti? 1. Ja elim biti slikar. 1. Ja elim da budem slikar.
1. Ja elim da budem slikar. 2. Od slika se ne ivi! 2. Od slika se ne ivi!
2. Od slika se ne ivi! 1. Eh, moda u zaraivati kao 1. Eh, moda u da zaraujem
1. Eh, moda u zaraivati kao konobar ili taksist. kao kelner ili taksista.
konobar ili taksista.
Replace doktor [B] lijenik [C] lekar [S], konobar [B,C,S] kelner [B,S], taksist [C] taksista [B,S] with
nouns denoting other vocations and types of artistic creativity.
Possible replacements:
a) kompozitor [B,S] skladatelj [C] and glazba [C] muzika [B,S].
b) arhitekt [C] arhitekta [B,S], and zgrada.
c) pisac or spisateljica and roman.
d) pesnik [E] pjesnik [J] and poezija.
B4
Nema znanja bez uenja. Nema znanja bez uenja.
Nije nikada ranije bilo znanja bez uenja. Nije nikada ranije bilo znanja bez uenja.
A nee ni biti znanja bez uenja ubudue. A ne e ni biti znanja bez uenja ubudue.
Replace znanje and uenje with a) doruak and novine; b) dobro drutvo and dobro jelo; c) odgovor
and pitanje.
171
B5
1. ta ti treba za sreu? 1. to ti treba za sreu? 1. ?
2. Ne treba mi mnogo. 2. Ne treba mi puno. 2. .
1. Kao ta, na primjer? 1. Kao to, na primjer? 1. , ?
2. Na primjer, trebaju mi do- 2. Na primjer, trebaju mi 2. ,
bro jelo i topla soba. dobro jelo i topla soba. .
1. Meni trebaju: prijatelji, 1. Meni trebaju: prijatelji, 1. : ,
dobro drutvo, fine stvari, dobro drutvo, fine stvari, ,
a ponajvie mi treba a najvie mi treba novac! ,
novac! 2. Meni novac nije vaan. a!
2. Meni novac nije vaan. Samo mi stvara probleme! 2. .
Samo mi stvara probleme! 1. A ega te je strah? !
1. A ega te je strah? 2. Strah me je neizvjesnosti! 1. ?
2. Strah me je neizvjesnosti! 2. !
Replace the italicized words that refer to srea with jesen, leto [E] ljeto [J], ljubav, poezija, prolee
[E] proljee [J], put, zima. Replace neizvesnost [E] neizvjesnost [J] with: dosadna predavanja, lo posao,
neozbiljne kolege.
B6
1. Sjedni tu! 1. !
2. Hvala, hou! 2. , !
1. I dok sjedi, proitaj ovo pis mo! 1. , !
2. Zato? 2. ?
1. Vano je! 1. !
Replace sesti [E] sjesti [J] and sedeti [E] sjediti [J] with lei and leati, stati and stajati. Replace
proitaj ovo pismo with another command.
B7
1. [B,S] ta ti najvie smeta u ivotu, i zato?

[C] to ti najvie smeta u ivotu, i zato?
2. [B,S] ta ti najvie odgovara u ivotu i zato?

[C] to ti najvie odgovara u ivotu, i zato?
3. [B,C] Sjea li se svojih prijatelja iz kole? Kako su se zvali? Gdje su sada?

[S] Da li se sea svojih prijatelja iz kole? Kako su se zvali? Gde su sada?
4. Koju struku smatra najboljom, a koju najgorom? Zato?
172
5. [B,C] Kako se osjea dok ui gramatiku -- veselim ili tunim?
[S] Kako se osea dok ui gramatiku -- veselim ili tunim?
6. [B,C] eg a te je najvie strah?

[B,C,S] Od eg a te je najvie strah?
Self-study learners: Practice the use of comparatives and superlatives. Locate (or imagine) a series of
similar objects, moods, and situations; and describe them with respect to one another. Compose several
sentences using the smatrati with two objects (as in English I consider him a genius).
ZAUZETO / Occupied, 1999

Public installation, National Gallery of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, 1999
173
C1
Rewrite the Pas i maka story (5A1) in the past tense, and rewrite exercise 5B6 in the future tense.
C2
First go down the two left hand columns and mark each word as either a noun (N) or a verb (V). Then go
down the two right hand columns and mark each word as an adjective (Adj) or an adverb (Adv). For words
which might be either adjective or adverb, give both markings. Then join the words into pairs - either as
verb + adverb or adjective + noun, making three pairs of each type. Finally, form the comparative and
the superlative of the adjectives and adverbs and write out the resulting phrases. Note: adjectives are given
here as in dictionaries (masculine singular short form).
Example:
N or V Adjective or Adverb same with comparative same with superlative
pas (N) zelen (Adj) zeleniji pas najzeleniji pas
govoriti (V) vano (Adv) ona govori vanije ona govori najvanije
Noun or Verb? Adjective or Adverb?

pitanje re loe mnogo
ljubav auto dug velik
sveuilite sjediti debeo zanimljivo
rjenik no kiseo aren
initi univerzitet glup sreno
amida ekanje brzo kratak
biti jesti dobro teak
pismo stvar visok tuan
oseati se stric runo lak
tata doi malo sretno
C3
Translate these sentences into B, C, or S. Then rewrite each first in the future, then in the past tense.
1. I am a student.
2. We are eating breakfast.
3. He is writing a letter.
4. They are listening to professors.
5. People can see a movie here.
6. Rivers flow through Belgrade, Zagreb and Sarajevo.
7. What is the dog called?
C4
1. I am talking now with my friend in town.
2. She is talking with her friend in town now.
3. She is talking with his friend in town now.
4. She will see her friend in town tonight.
5. She will see his friend in town tonight.
174
6. They will see their friends in town tonight.
7. Her friend saw her yesterday.
8. Her friend saw him yesterday.
9. Their friends saw them yesterday.
C5
ODJEA [J] ODEA [E]
Connect word to image:
p a l k F j
kaput koulja cipela eir hlae pantalone haljina
C6
Translate the first sentence into English, and the next two into B, C, or S, using the first as a model:
1. a. Odmah mi trebaju pare!

b. I need my car now!
c. She needs a friend.
2. a. Nije bilo problema s uenjem jezika.

b. There wont be any problems with studying the language.
c. There wasnt time to eat breakfast.
3. a. [B,S] ta im je?
[C] to im je?
b. What is up with us?
c. What is up with you?
4. a. [B,C] Sjedni tu s nama! Hvala, hou. Dugo ve stojim.

[S] Sedi tu s nama! Hvala, hou. Dugo ve stojim.
b. Lie down! Thanks, but I have been lying down a long time.
c. Get up! Thanks, I have been sitting a long time.
5. a. [B,C] Ne sjeam ga se.

[S] Ne seam ga se.
b. Do you remember me?
c. They remembered the good old days.
6. a. [B,C] Strah ju je aviona.

[B,C,S] Strah ju je od aviona.
b. They are afraid of snakes.
c. We are afraid of homework.
7. a. Po mom miljenju, Andriev roman Travnika hronika je bolji od romana Na Drini uprija.
b. In our opinion, small dogs are more pleasant than large dogs.
c. In his opinion, larger cities are more interesting than smaller cities.
175
8. a. ini mi se da je lav straniji nego to je Bran a.
b. It seems to us that Brana is more frightening than the lion is.
c. That idea is more beautiful than this one is.
9. a. [B] Vjerovatno e ti se manje spav ati ako popije kafu.

[C] Vjerojatno e ti se manje spavati ako popije kavu.
[S] Verovatno e ti se manje spavati ako popije kafu.
b. I am less hungry than you are.
c. We were less happy before than we are now.
10. a. Bolje ita nego nita.

b. Better late than never.
c. Better safe than sorry.
C7
Fill in vocations from the STRUKA list in A3
1. [B,C] Sandra ui da bude ........ . Ako ne moe nai posao, radit e kao ........ .
[S] Sandra ui da bude ........ . Ako ne moe da nae posao, radie kao ........ .
2. Najbolji posao je ........ , ali ni ........ nije loe.
3. [B,C] Najgore radno mjesto je ........, a najtee radno mjesto je ........ .
[S] Najgore radno mesto je ........, a najtee radno mesto je ........ .
4. Najzanimljivije zvanje je ........ .
5. Najlake zvanje je ........ .
6. Bolje je biti ........ nego ........ .
7. Gore je biti ........ nego ........ .
VOCABULARY
, to happen (P) to promise (P)

, to get irritated (P) + Gen to be frightened of (I)
ignorance to pose a question (I)
, to be irritated (I)
. .
.
, .
a) Zbog ega ........ ?
b) [B,C] Smatrate li ........ ? [S] Da li smatrate ........ ?
c) Po vaem miljenju ........ .
Pria: Albahari
Read Part VIII of the story Osam malih pria o mojoj en i by David Albahari (p. 345).
176
A1 1 [2nd CD]
VOCABULARY
budui da since namjetaj furniture

cimer roommate (m) natkasna [B,S] nightstand, bedside table
cimerica [B,C] roommate (f) noni ormari [B,C] nightstand, bedside table
cimerka [B,S] roommate (f) odnosno or rather, that is
araf [B] bed sheet otprilike approximately
arav [S] bed sheet paviljon, paviljona wing of building
ebe, ebeta [S] blanket pisai writing (adj.)
deka [B,C] blanket plahta [C] bed sheet
dnevni daily pokriva [C] blanket
drati, drim to hold (I) po prilici approximately
dvanaesti twelfth po sobi per room
godinji annual posteljina bedding
hiljada thousand prosean, prosena average (adj.)
hiljadu one thousand prosjean, prosjena average (adj.)
ispadati to transpire (I) tisua thousand
jastuk pillow tisuu one thousand
koji which, who, that treina a / one third
krevet bed urediti, uredim to arrange, to set up (P)
mnoiti to multiply (I) zajedniki shared, common
nametaj furniture
STUDENTSKI DOM
Bosnian
Studenti koji stanuju u studentskom domu moraju urediti svoje sobe prije poetka semestra. Svaki
student ima cimera i svaka studentica ima cimerku. Dakle, od namjetaja svaka soba treba da ima
2 kreveta, 2 nona ormaria, 2 pisaa stola, 2 lampe, i 2 mala tepiha. Svaki student donosi sa
sobom svoju posteljinu: jastuk, arafe, deku. Soba se dijeli na 3 dijela: jedna treina sobe je za
pisae stolove i lampe, druga treina je za krevete, none ormarie, i male tepihe, a trei dio je
zajedniki prostor. Kako svaki paviljon studentskog doma ima 150 soba, tako paviljon mora imati
300 kreveta, 300 nonih ormaria, 300 pisaih stolova, 300 lampi i 300 malih tepiha. Budui da
svaki student ima 15-ak udbenika, to znai da studenti dre otprilike 30 udbenika po sobi, ili
oko 4.500 udbenika po paviljonu. Studenti treba da ue prosjeno 4 sata dnevno u svojim so-
bama. Mnoei to sa 180 dan a u kolskoj godini, ispada da 1 student treba da ui 720 sati,
odnosno 2 studenta treba da ue 1.440 sati, a 5 studenata treba da ui 3.600 sati godinje. Treba
rei i da svaki studentski dom ima 9 paviljona.
177
Tricky translation: the word odnosno has many meanings. Here are a few of them: that is, i.e., or rather,
in regard to, in reference to, in other words, as for, as concerns, versus, as to, respectively, apropos, con-
cerning, accordingly, namely. As the list shows, odnosno is an all-purpose word.
Croatian
Studenti koji stanuju u studentskom domu moraju urediti svoje sobe prije poetka semestra. Svaki
student ima cimera i svaka studentica ima cimericu. Dakle, od namjetaja svaka soba treba imati
2 kreveta, 2 nona ormaria, 2 pisaa stola, 2 lampe, i 2 mala saga. Svaki student donosi sa
sobom svoju posteljinu: jastuk, plahte, pokriva. Soba se dijeli na 3 dijela: jedna treina sobe je
za pisae stolove i lampe, druga treina je za krevete, none ormarie, male sagove, a trei dio je
zajedniki prostor. Kako svaki paviljon studentskog doma ima 150 soba, tako paviljon mora imati
300 kreveta, 300 nonih ormaria, 300 pisaih stolova, 300 lampi i 300 malih sagova. Budui da
svaki student ima 15-ak udbenika, to znai da studenti dre po prilici 30 udbenika po sobi, ili
oko 4.500 udbenika po paviljonu. Studenti trebaju uiti prosjeno 4 sata dnevno u svojim so-
bama. Mnoei to s 180 dana u kolskoj godini, ispada da 1 student treba uiti 720 sati, odnosno
2 studenta trebaju uiti 1.440 sati, a 5 studenata treba uiti 3.600 sati godinje. Treba rei i da
svaki studentski dom ima 9 paviljona.
Serbian
Studenti koji stanuju u studentskom domu moraju da urede svoje sobe pre poetka semestra.
Svaki student ima cimera i svaka studentkinja ima cimerku. Dakle, od nametaja svaka soba treba
da ima 2 kreveta, 2 natkasne, 2 pisaa stola, 2 lampe, i 2 mala tepiha. Svaki student donosi sa
sobom svoju posteljinu: jastuk, arave, ebe. Soba se deli na 3 dela: jedna treina sobe je za
pisae stolove i lampe, druga treina je za krevete, natkasne i male tepihe, a trei deo je
zajedniki prostor. Kako svaki paviljon studentskog doma ima 150 soba, tako paviljon mora da
ima 300 kreveta, 300 natkasni, 300 pisaih stolova, 300 lampi i 300 malih tepiha. Budui da svaki
student ima 15-ak udbenika, to znai da studenti dre otprilike 30 udbenika po sobi, ili oko
4.500 udbenika po paviljonu. Studenti treba da ue proseno 4 sata dnevno u svojim sobama.
Mnoei to sa 180 dana u kolskoj godini, ispada da 1 student treba da ui 720 sati, odnosno 2
studenta treba da ue 1.440 sati, a 5 studenata treba da ui 3.600 sati godinje. Treba i da se kae
da svaki studentski dom ima 9 paviljona.
Write out the numbers in the above passage as words. Identify the case and number of each noun fol-
lowing a number, and explain why each takes the case and number it does. Read the passage through sev-
eral times and then answer the related questions in exercise B1, on p. 191.
178
zGRAMMAR
* Cardinal numbers, review *
Cardinal numbers are used for counting (1, 2, 3, etc.). The number 1 is an adjective, agreeing with the noun
that follows it (jedan, jedno, jedna). The number 2 has one form if a masculine or neuter noun follows
(dva) and another if a feminine noun follows (dve [E] dvije [J]). No other numbers are affected by the gen-
der of the following noun. Multiples of 100 either add the cardinal numbers directly, in a single word, or
count the word stotina; alternate forms of 200 and 300 are used in Bosnian and Serbian. Multiples of 1000
count the word tisua [C] or hiljada [B,S]. When any of the words stotina, hiljada, tisua is used to name
the number it is in Nsg, but when it is used in counting it is in Asg (in the chart below these words are
given in the form used to count). Compounds are made by adding numbers directly, as in English. [123a]
100 sto ; stotinu 300 tristo [B,C,S] 600 eststo 1,000 tisuu [C]
200 dvjesto / dvesto [B,C,S] trista [B,S] 700 sedamsto hiljadu [B,S]
dvjesta / dvesta [B,S] 400 etiristo 800 osamsto 1,000,000 milijun [C]
[or] dve / dvije stotine 500 petsto 900 devetsto milion [B,S]
23 dvadeset tri 137 sto trid eset sedam

103 sto tri ; stotinu tri 1,500 tisuu petsto [C] hiljadu petsto [B,S]
3,650 tri tisue eststo pedeset [C] 5,817 pet tisua osamsto sedamnaest [C]
tri hiljade eststo pedeset [B,S] pet hiljada osamsto sedamnaest [B,S]
* Agreement with cardinal numbers *

The number 1 is followed by the singular form of the noun counted. The numbers 2-4 are followed by the
counting form, which for nouns is like the Gsg (except that the feminine ending -e is not long). Modifiers
of masculine and neuter nouns all take the ending -a (no length), and modifiers of feminine nouns all take
the ending -e (no length). The numbers 5-20 are followed by the Gpl. The form of a noun following a com-
pound number is determined by the final digit. Thus, 21, 51, 1001, 7251, etc. are all followed by the SIN-
GULAR form of the noun, and numbers such as 22, 43, 252, 7984, etc. are all followed by the counting form.
All other numbers are followed by the Gpl. [124a]
Singular
1 jedan pametan student 21 dvadeset jedan pametan student
1 jedna dobra knjiga 351 trista pedeset jedna dobra knjiga
1 jedno malo selo 3951 tri tisue devetsto pedeset jedno malo selo [C]
tri hiljade devetsto pedeset jedno malo selo [B,S]
Counting form
2 dva pametna studenta 34 trid eset etiri pametna stud enta
2 dvije [J] dve [E] dobre knjige 542 petsto etrdeset dvije [J] dve [E] dobre knjige
Genitive plural
5 pet pametnih studenata 12 dvanaest pametnih studenata
9 devet dobrih knjiga 475 etiristo sedamdeset i pet dobrih knjiga
179
* Fractions and approximative numbers *
Except for the words quarter and half, the denominator portion of a fraction is formed by adding the
suffix -ina to the stem of the ordinal number. The numerator then counts this number. Approximative num-
bers (ten or so) are formed by adding the suffix -ak to the cardinal number. The word for half is
polovica [C] polovina [B,S] and the word for quarter is either etvrt or etvrtina. [123d]
Fractions
3rd (m.sg.) trei > 1/3 jedna treina 2/3 dve [E] dvije [J] treine
8th (m.sg.) osmi > 1/8 jedna osmina 3/8 tri osmin e 5/8 pet osmina
Approximatives
10 deset > 10 or so desetak
15 petnaest > about 15 petnaestak
100 sto > 100 or so stotinjak
* The relative conjunction koji as subject *

As a question word, the pronominal adjective koji means which or what. As a relative conjunction, it
corresponds to the English conjunctions who, whom, which, that as used in sentences such as the stu-
dents WHO live there have to arrange their rooms themselves or do you know the woman THAT is coming
into the room. English can sometimes omit these conjunctions but BCS must always include them. In each
instance, the form of the relative conjunction koji must agree in gender and number with the word it refers
to. In the BCS version of the first English sentence, it refers to the noun students and must thus be koji
(masc pl): studenti KOJ I stanuju tamo moraju sami urediti svoje sobe. But in the BCS version of the second
English sentence it refers to the noun woman and must thus be koja (fem sg): poznaje li enu KOJ A ulazi
u sobu? The case of koji depends on its role within its own clause. In each of these two sentences it is the
subject within its own clause and is therefore in the nominative case. [128]
* Present verbal adverb *

The present verbal adverb is created by adding the unchanging suffix -i to the 3rd plural present form of a
verb of the imperfective aspect. This adverb identifies an action occurring simultaneously with that of the
main verb (no matter what its tense); both verbs must refer to the subject of the sentence. Thus the sentence
vozei se autobusom ita novine means she reads the paper while riding the bus, while the sentence
ranije je itala novine vozei se autobusom means she used to read the paper while riding the bus. The
present verbal adverb can also denote mild causative relationships, as in mnoei to sa 180, dobijamo 720
multiplying that by 180, we get 720. The adverb formed from biti takes its stem from budem, for example
budui vojnik, zna o ratu being a soldier, he knows about war. The related conjunction budui da means
since, insofar as. [129, 138a] True verbal adverbs are unchanging in form. However, a number of them
have taken on double duty as adjectives, often undergoing a subtle change in meaning. When they are used
as adjectives, they take all adjectival endings. Some examples are idui next, sljedei next, following,
vodei leading, top, mogui possible, odgovarajui relevant, corresponding. [138c]
180
Shopping in Zagreb, Ilica
Shopping in Sarajevo, Baarija
Shopping in Belgrade, Knez Mihailova St.
181
A2 2
VOCABULARY
bombon, bombona [B,C] [piece of] candy porculanski [B,C] porcelain

bombona [B,S] [piece of] candy posue [B,C] dishes
br. potom then, later
cvee coll. flowers pozdraviti se to greet one another (P)
cvijee coll. flowers pratiti to follow, to accompany (I)
drago kamenje coll. precious stones priati, priam to talk, to chat (I)
duan, duana [B,C,S] store pruiti to offer (P)
ii svojim putem to go ones own way pruiti ruku to extend ones hand
izlog store window, display pua, puaa smoker
jedni drugima to one another puiti to smoke (I)
kafi, kafia small caf radnja [B,C,S] store
kamenje coll. stones, rocks razgovarati, razgovaram to converse (I)
kila [C] kilogram razgovor conversation
kilo [B,S] kilogram s nogu standing
koarkaki basketball (adj.) sudovi [B,S] dishes
kupovina shopping svi all, everyone
lokal, lokala local bar, restaurant ank bar, counter
me sports match etnja stroll, walk
meutim however trgovina [B,C,S] store
nai, naem to find (P) ui, uem to enter (P)
nakon + Gen. after ulica street
naporan, naporna strenuous uparkirati, uparkiram to park (P)
navratiti, navratim to drop by (P) utakmica sports match
oblinji nearby uivati, uivam to enjoy
otvoriti, otvorim to open (P) zatim thereafter, then
pokloniti to give [a gift] (P) zatvoriti, zatvorim to close (P)
porcelanski [S] porcelain
KUPOVINA
Bosnian
Izaavi iz svojih kua u pola pet, tri ene su ile ulicom, priale i uivale u etnji. etiri plava i
uta automobila su se uparkirala blizu njih. Vrata su se otvorila i izala su etvorica visokih
mukaraca u etiri i etrdeset pet. Svi su pruili jedni drugima ruke, pozdravili se i veselo raz-
govarali. Zatim je njih sedmoro ulo u veliku trgovinu u Hrastovoj ulici br. 21. Dvanaest maaka
i jedanaest pasa gledalo ih je iz izloga. Uavi u trgovinu, ene su kupile mukarcima po jednog
psa i jednu maku, dok su mukarci enama kupili cvijee i kilo bombona te im odmah poklonili.
A potom su se te tri en e, svaka sa svojim cvijeem, nale sa jo est, i nakon naporne kupovine,
njih devet je otilo u oblinji kafi na kafu i razgovor. Meutim, njih etvorica su navratila do
najblieg lokala, puai meu njima su puili za ankom, svaki je neto popio s nogu, i pratili su
koarkaki me na televiziji. Nakon mea se zatvorio lokal i svaki od njih je otiao svojim putem.
182
Croatian
Izaavi iz svojih kua u pola pet, tri ene su ile ulicom, priale i uivale u etnji. etiri plava i
uta automobila su se uparkirala blizu njih. Vrata su se otvorila i izala su etvorica visokih
mukaraca u tri etvrt pet. Svi su pruili jedni drugima ruke, pozdravili se i veselo razgovarali.
Zatim je njih sedmero ulo u veliki duan u Hrastovoj ulici br. 21. Dvanaest maaka i jedanaest
pasa gledalo ih je iz izloga. Uavi u duan, en e su kupile mukarcima po jednog psa i jednu
maku, dok su mukarci enama kupili cvijee i kilu bombona te im odmah poklonili. A potom su
se te tri ene, svaka sa svojim cvijeem, nale s jo est, i, nakon naporne kupovine, njih devet je
otilo u oblinji kafi na kavu i razgovor. Meutim, njih etvorica su navratila do najblieg
lokala, puai meu njima su puili za ankom, svaki je neto popio s nogu, i pratili su
koarkaku utakmicu na televiziji. Nakon utakmice se zatvorio lokal i svaki od njih je otiao
svojim putem.
Serbian
, ,
. .
a .
, .
. 21.
. , ,
, . A
, , , , ,
. ,
a , ,
, .
.
Retell this story, replacing ena with lekarka [S] lijenica [C] ljekarka [B,S] or other female voca-
tions, and replacing mukarac with lekar [S] lijenik [C], ljekar [B,S] or other male vocations (see p.
165 for suggestions). Replace cvee [E] cvijee [J] with drago kamenje, porcelanski sudovi [S]
porculansko posue [B,C].
The word televizor refers to the television set as a piece of equipment, and the word televizija refers to that
which is watched on the television set.
183
Open 24 hours
Please close the door!
The words for store or shop used below are only three of a family of synonyms. For instance, while
Bosnian speakers use trgovina, they also say samoposluga, prodavnica and duan; and while Serbian
speakers often say radnja, they also use the words samousluga, prodavnica, and duan. Croatian speakers
use samoposluga, trgovina, radnja, duan or prodavaonica.
Wholesale and retail trade

Store
Store
Store
z GRAMMAR
* Agreement with cardinal numbers *
Nouns following 1 (or compound numbers ending in 1) are singular. If such a phrase is the subject of the
sentence, the verb is also singular. Nouns following 2-4 (or compound numbers ending in 2-4) take the
counting form. If such a phrase is the subject of the sentence, the verb is plural, but the L-participle of the
past tense takes the counting form. Nouns following other numbers take Gpl. If such a phrase is the subject
of the sentence, the verb is singular, and the L-participle of the past tense is neuter singular. Numbers do
not change form after a preposition. For examples, see the following chart.
1 1 dobar student ui 1 student je uio 241 student ui 241 student je uio

2-4 2 dobra studenta ue 2 studenta su uila 243 studenta ui 243 studenta su uila
5+ 5 dobrih studenata ui 5 studenata je uilo 257 studenata ui 257 studenata je uilo
184
* Group numbers *
There are two additional sets of numbers referring (mixed group) (males only)
to groups. One describes groups of male humans
only, while the other describes groups of mixed 2 dvoje dvojica
gender (or more rarely, groups of objects). Groups both oboje obojica
of female humans are referred to by the cardinal 3 troje trojica
numbers alone. All group numbers are formed 4 etvero [C] etvoro [B,S] etvorica
from the same stem. The ending -ica is used for 5 petero [C] petoro [B,S] petorica
the number referring to males. The endings -oro 6 estero [C] estoro [B,S] estorica
[B,S] and -ero [C] form the number referring to 7 sedmero [C] sedmoro [B,S] sedmorica
mixed groups. [123c]
The counted noun or pronoun is in the Gpl. Thus: nas dvoje the two of us [one male, one female], vas
trojica the three of you [males], troje dece [E] djece [J] three children, etvorica uenika four [male]
pupils. When a mixed-gender phrase is the subject, a present tense verb is plural, but a past tense verb is
neuter singular. Thus: njih petero [C] petoro [B,S] dobro rade (present) but njih petero [C] petoro [B,S] je
dobro radilo (past) the five of them work[ed] well. Group nouns in -ica are declined like feminine
singular nouns; for example, rekao je petorici da ostane he told the five [males] to stay. If such a noun is
the subject, the verb is plural, but the L-participle of the past tense is feminine singular; for example njih
trojica dobro rade (present) but njih trojica su dobro radila the three of them work[ed] well. A group of
females is counted by the feminine count form plus a plural verb, thus tri ene dobro rade (present) and tri
ene su dobro radile (past) the three women work[ed] well. [124d]
* Past verbal adverb *

The past verbal adverb is formed by dropping the -o from the masculine singular L-participle of a perfec-
tive verb and adding the unchanging suffix -vi. This adverb identifies an action which was completed prior
to the action of the main verb; both it and the main verb must refer to the subject of the sentence. For ex-
ample, rekavi to, izaao je iz sobe means having said that, he left the room. [129, 138b] Past verbal ad-
verbs are used only in written style; only one (bivi former) has become a full-fledged adjective. [138c]
* Collective nouns *
Collective nouns are singular nouns which refer to objects seen as an indivisible group. Most such nouns
are neuter singular, e.g. cvee [E] cvijee [J] flowers, drvee trees, lie leaves, kmenje stones,
grnje branches, and the like. Regular plurals exist (such as cvetovi [E] cvjetovi [J], drvta, and the like)
but these plural forms are used relatively rarely, since when such objects are visualized as individual units
they usually occur after numbers. [115] Another type of collective, which refers to small or young creatures
seen as a group (often with endearing overtones), is feminine singular. Thus nuad small grandchildren
(sg. nue). The collective form momad (derived from mome "lad") is now most frequently used in the
meaning [sports] team.
Croatian bill from the transitional years in the early 1990s, when the currency still bore the name dinar
(and not yet kuna), and when inflation was still very high. Note the accusative case, tisuu hrvatskih
dinara, in the denomination. The accusative is used whenever the numbers 100 and 1000 (stotinu, hiljadu
[B,S] or tisuu [C]) function to count something, and therefore is always used on currency and coins.
185
A3 3,4
VOCABULARY
estitati, estitam to congratulate (I) roendan birthday

godite year of birth setiti se + Gen to remember (P)
napuniti to complete (a year) (P) sjetiti se + Gen to remember (P)
na alost unfortunately slaviti to celebrate (I)
nita za to it doesnt matter, its nothing smeti, smem to dare; may; be allowed (I)
obaveza [B,S] obligation smjeti, smijem to dare; may; be allowed (I)
obiaj custom srean put [B,S] bon voyage
obiteljski [C] familial sretan put [B,C] bon voyage
obveza [C] obligation to (conjunction) that
odluiti, odluim to decide (P) unapred in advance
porodini [B,S] familial unaprijed in advance
potovati, potujem to respect, to honor (I) valja ought; should (I)
propustiti, propustim to miss [an opportunity] (P) valjati to be worth
proslava celebration ao [mi] je [Im] sorry
Rim Rome
KOLIKO IMA GODINA?

1. Koliko ima godina? 1. Koliko ima godina? 1. Koliko ima godina?
2. Ja sam 84. godite. 2. Ja sam 84. godite. Napu- 2. Ja sam 84. godite.
Napunit u 21 g. na ljeto. nit u 21 g. na ljeto. Napuniu 21 g. na leto.
1. Kad a ti je roendan? 1. Kad a ti je roendan? 1. Kad a ti je roendan?
2. Roendan mi je 2. Roendan mi je 2. Roendan mi je osamnaestog
osamnaestog avgusta. osamnaestog kolovoza. avgusta.
1. Putujem ba osamnaestog 1. Putujem ba osamnaestog 1. Putujem ba osamnaestog
osmog u Rim. Hoe li sa osmog u Rim. Hoe li sa avgusta u Rim. Da li hoe
mnom? mnom? sa mnom?
2. Na alost ne mogu. 2. Na alost ne mogu. 2. Na alost ne mogu. Odluila
Odluila sam ostati tu. Odluila sam ostati tu. sam da ostanem tu. Imam
Imam obavezu prema Imam obvezu prema obavezu prema svojima. Ne
svojima. Ne smijem svojima. Ne smijem smem da propustim proslavu
propustiti proslavu propustiti proslavu roendana kod svojih.
roendana kod svojih. roendana kod svojih. 1. Ali sigurno slavi roendan
1. Ali sigurno slavi roendan 1. Ali sigurno slavi roendan kod svojih ve godinama?
kod svojih ve godinama? kod svojih ve godinama? 2. Porodine obiaje valja
2. Porodine obiaje valja 2. Obiteljske obiaje valja potovati!
potovati! potovati! 1. Kad bude slavila roendan,
1. Kad bude slavila 1. Kad bude slavila setie se mene i bie ti ao
roendan, sjetit e se mene roendan, sjetit e se mene to nisi sa mnom pola u
i bit e ti ao to nisi sa i bit e ti ao to nisi sa Rim!
mnom pola u Rim! mnom pola u Rim! 2. Nita za to. Srean ti put!
2. Nita za to. Sretan ti put! 2. Nita za to. Sretan ti put! 1. A tebi unapred estitam
1. A tebi unaprijed estitam 1. A tebi unaprijed estitam roendan.
roendan. roendan. 2. Hvala!
2. Hvala! 2. Hvala!
186
Replace 21. g. with your own age; replace osamnaesti avgust [B,S] kolovoz [C] with the date of
your birthday, and give your own godite. If appropriate, replace na leto [E] na ljeto [] with one of
the following: na jesen, na prolee [E] na proljee [J], na zimu.
Self-study learners: Pay special attention to the way dates, age and birthdays are expressed.
zGRAMMAR
* Ordinal numbers in naming dates *
Ordinal numbers identify a place in a series (1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.). They are most frequently used in stating
dates. The day of the month is named with a Gsg. ordinal number followed by the month name in the
genitive. March 8th, therefore, is osmog marta [B,S] osmog oujka [C] osmog treeg [B,C]. If the date is
given using a numeral, a period is written after it, as in 8. marta [B,S] 8. oujka [C] 8. treeg [B,C] [124b]
* Discussing ones age *

There are several ways to state ones age. To say he is 21, for instance, one can use either the dative
(njemu je dvadeset jedna godina) or imati + direct object (on ima dvadeset jednu godinu). One can also use
the noun godite modified by the ordinal number of ones year of birth, as in Ja sam 87. [ = osamdeset
sedmo] godite I was born in 87. The verb napuniti is used to mark a birthday, as in sutra e napuniti 31
godinu hell turn 31 tomorrow. [124e] A period following a number indicates that the word is an ordinal
rather than a cardinal; thus 87 godina means 87 years but 87. godina means the 87th year. [124b]
* The exact future *

In addition to what is sometimes called the first future, singular plural
that formed with hteti or htjeti, there is a second future 1st masc. budem radio budemo radili
tense. It is composed of the auxiliary budem plus the L- 1st fem. budem radila budemo radile
participle. In principle, it can be made from all verbs; in 2nd masc. bude radio budete radili
practice it is usually formed only from imperfective 2nd fem. bude radila budete radile
verbs, and is used only after conjunctions with potential 3rd masc. bude radio budu radili
future meaning such as kad when, ako if, im as 3rd neut. bude radilo budu radila
soon as, and others. The meaning is exactly the same 3rd fem. bude radila budu radile
as when the present tense form of a perfective verb is
used after one of these conjunctions. The exact future allows imperfective verbs to express more closure
than they would otherwise. For example, the exact future in the sentence kad bude slavila roendan, bit
e ti ao to nisi pola sa mnom u Rim when you celebrate your birthday youll be sorry you didnt come
to Rome with me, puts more specific focus on the concrete occurrence of the envisioned event than would
the present tense (kad slavi). [130, 144a] For more on conditional if sentences, see Lesson 13.
* The conjunction to *
The conjunction usually encountered in the meaning that is da. After verbs expressing emotion, however,
the conjunction to is often used. For instance, znam da je doao I know that he came, but ao mi je to
nije mogao doi Im sorry [that] he couldnt come. [143g]
* Words meaning ought, might, may *

Verbs expressing degrees of possibility or obligation are followed by another verb denoting the action that
should, can, or must be undertaken. These verbs can have a number of different meanings. The verb trebati,
for instance, means either need or should depending on the context, [119, 127] and the verb smeti [E]
smjeti [J] can mean both dare (as in ne smem to propustiti I dont dare miss it) and may (as in smijem
li zamoliti malo hladne vode? may / might I ask for a little cold water?). [142] The verb valjati is an ex-
ception: it has this sort of meaning only in subjectless sentences. When it is used with a subject, it means
be good (as applied to food, behavior or the like), as in ove jabuke vie ne valjaju, treba ih baciti these
apples are no longer any good, one must toss them out. But when it is used in a subjectless sentence, it has
the same meaning as treba. Thus, for instance, ne valja zakasniti means one had better not be late, and
njihove obiaje valja potovati means one should respect their customs. [127]
187
A4 5,6
VOCABULARY
atentat, atentata assassination Prvi svetski rat World War I

dogoditi se, dogodi se to happen, to occur (P) Prvi svjetski rat World War I
Drugi svetski rat World War II rat war
Drugi svjetski rat World War II savez union
izvriti atentat (na ) to assassinate (P) sjed injen united
nadvojvoda archduke sjediniti, sjed inim to unite (P)
napasti, napadnem to attack (P) snaga power, force
nezav isnost, nezav isnosti (f) independence svetski world (adj.)
Osovina axis svjetski world (adj.)
proglasiti, proglasim to proclaim (P)
TA SE DOGODILO? [B,S] TO SE DOGODILO? [C]
1. a. ta se dogodilo 4. jula 1. a. to se dogodilo 4. srpnja 1. a. 4.

hiljadu sedamsto tisuu sedamsto sedamdeset
sedamdes et este godine? este godine?
b. Sjedinjene Amerike b. Sjedinjene Amerike ?
Drave su proglasile svoju Drave su proglasile svoju b. e
nezavisnost. nezavisnost. e
2. a. ta se dogodilo 7. 2. a. to se dogodilo 7. o.
decembra 1941. g. ? prosinca 1941. g. ? 2. a. 7.
b. Snage Osovine su napale b. Snage Osovine su napale 1941. .?
Pearl Harbor. Pearl Harbor. b. O
3. a. ta se dogodilo 22. XI 3. a. to se dogodilo 22. XI .
1963. g.? 1963. g.? 3. a. 22. XI
b. Lee Harvey Oswald je b. Lee Harvey Oswald je 1963. .?
izvrio atentat na izvrio atentat na b.
predsjednika Johna predsjednika Johna
Kennedya. Kennedya.
.
Replace the date in 1a) with November 29, 1943, and use the clues that follow to describe what
happened on that day: Josip Broz Tito, nezav isnost Jugoslavije. Replace the date in 2a) with April 6,
1941, and use these clues to complete the exercise: Beograd, Drugi svetski [E] svjetski [J] rat. Finally,
replace the date in 3a) with June 28, 1914, and use these clues to answer the question: Gavrilo Prin cip,
Nadvojvoda Ferdinand, njegova ena Sofija, Prvi svetski [E] svjetski [J] rat.
zGRAMMAR
* Ordinal numbers, continued *
Compound ordinal numbers are as in English, in that only the final segment is ordinal. Thus, English eight
hundred forty SEVENTH is parallel to BCS osamsto etrdeset SEDMI. Compound ordinals are most fre-
quently used when naming a year, and only the final ordinal number takes a case form. This case form is
almost always genitive singular feminine (modifying the Gsg noun godine, which can but need not be in-
cluded). March 8, 1981 is thus osmog marta hiljadu devetsto osamdeset prve [godine] [B,S] osmog
oujka tisuu devetsto osamdeset prve [godine] [C]. Frequently the abbreviation g. is used in place of
godine. If the number is given as a numeral, a period indicates that it is an ordinal: 8. mart 1981. g. [124b]
188
* Aorist and imperfect *
There are two other past tense forms in BCS, both of which are now relatively archaic and are found pri-
marily in literary texts, especially older ones. Both are single-word tense forms. The aorist is used to relate
individual actions completed in a sequence, and the imperfect is used to describe background states, or con-
tinuous actions going on in the background. In form, one must take care to differentiate the 3pl aorist from
the 3sg imperfect. Within each tense, the 2nd and 3rd singular always use the same form. For certain verbs
the 3rd singular present and 3rd singular aorist look alike. [122, 150] In spoken Serbian and Bosnian, one
hears the aorist of certain verbs, such as biti and rei, with some frequency. Nearly all BCS speakers will
use the colloquial phrase odoh ja (literally, I went away) in the sense Im out of here.
AORIST IMPERFECT
inf. svratiti nazvati rei ui dati biti stajati biti
1 sg svratih nazvah rekoh uoh dadoh bih stajah bijah
2-3sg svrati nazva ree ue dade bi stajae bijae
1 pl svratismo nazvasmo rekosmo uosmo dadosmo bismo stajasmo bijasmo
2 pl svratiste nazvaste rekoste uoste dadoste biste stajaste bijaste
3 pl svratie nazvae rekoe uoe dadoe bie stajahu bijahu
Tricky translation: The word "independence" is translated differently depending on the meaning. Through-
out the region, samostalnost is used to mean "personal independence" (e.g. living on one's own), while
nezavisnost is used to mean political independence; C also uses samostalnost in this latter meaning as well.
Vintage postcard of Careva uprija (Emperor's

Bridge) in Sarajevo. Below, the bridge known
for years as Principov most (Princip Bridge)
now called Latinska uprija (Latin Bridge), site
of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdi-
nand by Gavrilo Princip on June 28, 1914.
189
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
Refer back to the text in A1, and answer the following questions based on that text. Then answer these or
similar questions with respect to your own living situation (house, dormitory, or apartment).
1. [B,C] Zato studenti moraju urediti svoje sobe?

[S] Zato studenti moraju da urede svoje sobe?
2. S kim stanuje svaki student?
3. [B,C] Zato svaka studentska soba mora imati namjetaj?

[S] Zato svaka studentska soba mora da ima nametaj?
4. Koliko ima paviljona u studentskom domu?
5. Koliko ima soba u svakom paviljonu?
6. [B] Koliko ima tepiha u jednom paviljonu, a koliko u cijelom domu?

[C] Koliko ima sagova u jednom paviljonu, a koliko u cijelome domu?
[S] Koliko ima tepiha u jednom paviljonu, a koliko u celom domu?
7. Zato ima udbenika u sobama?
8. [B] Koliko sati sedmino ue studenti? Dakle, koliko sati mjeseno?

[C] Koliko sati tjedno ue studenti? Dakle, koliko sati mjeseno?
[S] Koliko sati nedeljno ue studenti? Dakle, koliko sati meseno?
9. [B,C] Koliko sati treba 10 studenata uiti godinje?

[S] Koliko sati treba 10 studenata da ui godinje?
B2
Review the passage in A2, locate the phrases or sentences that have numbers as their subject (such as Tri
ene su ile...), and mark the gender and number (singular or plural) of the L-participle in each of these
sentences (for instance, in this example it is feminine plural). Finally, retell the story, replacing all the
numbers (including the times of day and the street number), by other numbers.
B3
Answer the following questions with respect to the content of A2.
1. [B,C] Koliko je bilo sati kada su ene izale iz svojih kua?

[S] ?
2. [B,C] Koliko minuta kasnije su mukarci izali iz automobila?

[S] ?
190
3. [B] Koliko ih je ulo u veliku trgovinu?
[C] Koliko ih je ulo u veliki duan?
[S] ?
4. [B] Koji je broj on e velike trgovine?

[C] Koji je broj onog velikog duana?
[S] e ?
5. [B,C] Koji je broj vae kue ili stana?

[S] ?
6. [B,C] Koji je va broj telefona?

[S] ?
7. [B] ta su en e kupile u trgovini i za koga?

[C] to su ene kupile u duanu i za koga?
[S] ?
8. [B] ta su mukarci kupili u trgovini i za koga?

[C] to su mukarci kupili u duanu i za koga?
[S] ?
9. [B,C] Koliko je bilo ivotinja u izlogu?

[S] ?
10. [B,C] S kim su se nale te tri ene?

[S] a ?
11. [B] A ta su onda sve te ene radile?

[C] A to su onda sve te ene radile?
[S] A ?
12. [B] A ta su onda svi ti mukarci radili?

[C] A to su onda svi ti mukarci radili?
[S] ?
B4
1. Koliko ima studenata koji 1. Koliko ima studenata koji 1.
ue bosanski na fakultetu? ue hrvatski na fakultetu?
2. Ima ih desetak. 2. Ima ih desetak. ?
1. A koliko ima studenata koji 1. A koliko ima studenata koji 2. .
ue francuski? ue francuski? 1.
2. Ima ih nekoliko stotina. 2. Ima ih nekoliko stotina. ?
1. A koliko ih ima koji ue 1. A koliko ih ima koji ue 1. .
panjolski? panjolski? 2.
2. Ima ih nekoliko hiljada! 2. Ima ih nekoliko tisua! ?
1. !
Replace the italicized words with 1) studenti koji stanuju u svom stanu, and 2) studenti koji stanuju
kod svojih, 3) studenti koji stanuju u domu and adjust the numbers accordingly.
191
B5
1. Imam 2 hiljade eura u 1. Imam 2 tisue eura u banci! 1. Imam 2 hiljade evra u banci!
banci! 2. Odlino! Ja imam samo 2. Odlino! Ja imam samo
2. Odlino! Ja imam samo tisuu, ali i tisuu eura je hiljadu, ali i hiljadu evra je
hiljadu, ali i hiljadu eura je ipak neto. ipak neto.
ipak neto. 1. Kako da ne! Kad budem 1. Kako da ne! Kad budem
1. Kako da ne! Kad budem imao 5 tisua, kupit u si imao 5 hiljada, kupiu sebi
imao 5 hiljada, kupit u sebi stari auto! stari auto!
stari auto! 2. Ja elim kupiti novi auto, pa 2. Ja elim da kupim novi auto,
2. Ja elim kupiti novi auto, pa mi trebaju tisue i tisue! pa mi trebaju hiljade i
mi trebaju hiljade i hiljade! hiljade!
Replace hiljada [B,S] tisua [C] with stotina; replace auto with kompjuter [B,S] kompjutor [C].
The word Europe is Evropa in Serbian and Europa in Croatian; Bosnian uses both spellings. Similarly,
the word for the basic unit of European currency is spelled euro in Croatian and evro in Serbian, again with
both spellings used in Bosnian. The word is a masculine noun: jedan euro [B,C] jedan evro [B,S].
B6
1. Koje si godite? 1. ?
2. Ja sam 71. godite. Imam trideset tri ........ . 2. 71. .
A ti? ........ . ?
1. Ja sam 63. godite, tako da imam etrdeset 1. 63. ,
dvije ........ . ........ .
2. Znai da sam dvanaest ........ stariji od tebe! 2. ........
.
Fill in the blank with the proper form of the noun godina. Then replace the ages and years above with
your own.
B7
1. Kad ti je roendan? 1. Kad ti je roendan?
2. Roendan mi je ........ . 2. Roendan mi je ........ .
1. Onda ti unaprijed estitam roendan! 1. Onda ti unapred estitam roendan!
2. Hvala. A kad je tebi? 2. Hvala. A kad je tebi?
1. Meni je ........ . 1. Meni je ........ .
2. Onda i ja tebi estitam! 2. Onda i ja tebi estitam!
Once you have practised this using your own birthdays, change it to refer to other classmates
and their birthdays.
192
C1
Compose eight short sentences in the past tense. The subject of each sentence should be one of the num-
bers in the first column plus a phrase composed of one of the adjectives in the second column plus the adja-
cent noun in the third column. Write out all the numbers in words. Note that adjectives appear in the list in
the customary dictionary-entry form (masculine singular short form); you will need to put the proper end-
ings on each of the adjectives.
Example:
Clue: 5 gladan podstanar Possible answer: Pet gladnih podstanara je jelo u restoranu.
2 suh [B,C] suv [S] orah
11 nemaki [E] njemaki [J] gradovi
33 teak godina
51 debeo maka
84 studentski pisai stolovi
100 gladan ivotinja
104 naporan dan
500 grki student
1000 brz vlak [C] voz [B,S]
1001 divan no
2000 pametan elektriar
C2
Answer these questions, writing the numbers out in words:
1. Koliko ima studenata u vaoj grupi?

2. [B,S] Koliko ima studentkinja u vaoj grupi?
[C] Koliko ima studentica u vaoj grupi?
3. [B,S] Koliko ima studenata na vaem univerzitetu?
[C] Koliko ima studenata na vaem sveuilitu?
4. [B,S] Koliko ima profesora na vaem univerzitetu?
193
[C] Koliko ima profesora na vaem sveuilitu?
5. Koliko ima ljudi u vaem gradu?
6. Koliko ste imali pasa kad ste bili mali?
7. Koliko ima stvari u ovoj sobi?
8. Koliko ste visoki (u centimetrima)?
9. Koliko ste teki (u kilama)?
C3
Fill in the blank with the requested phrases, and then write the sentence out in full.
1. U ........ drala je novac, a u ........ je drala olovku i papir.

(first bag) (second bag)
2. [B] Kao ........ u pisati zad au, kao ........ u itati, a kao ........ u spremati vjebe.
[C] Kao ........ u pisati zad au, kao ........ u itati, a kao ........ u spremati vjebe.
[S] Kao ........ u pisati zadatak, kao ........ u itati, a kao ........ u spremati vjebe.
(first) (second) (third)
3. Oni su stajali na ........ , a ja sam stajao ispod njih na ........ , a on a je bila na ........ .
(fifth floor) (fourth floor) (third floor)
C4
Write out five dates and state why they are important to you. Use the question and answer format seen in
A4 as a guide.
C5
Write a short paragraph describing a room and its furnishings that you remember. Use the verbs seati se
[E] sjeati se [J] and setiti se [E] sjetiti se [J]).
C6
1. Four smart dentists worked in this building.

2. We dont need breakfast.
3. Five happy taxi drivers were reading novels by Ivo Andri.
4. We need an apartment in New York.
194
5. Twenty-two tall bakers sat in their cars.
6. She needs the study of the Hungarian language.
7. A hundred and forty-four apples were red, and five were yellow.
8. I need your understanding.
9. Sixty-one ugly bosses will write letters.
10. He needs happiness.
11. Twelve elegant actors were in the theater.
12. Ninety-two sad dancers were standing in the rain.
13. You need me, and I need you.
14. A thousand euros will not be enough.
15. Six rivers flowed through the country.
C5
Namjetaj [J] Nametaj [E]

Connect word to object
a n e t i r
sto sat lampa pisai stol jastuk stol pisai sto stolic
195
VOCABULARY
, to relate, to tell (P)

, to address [a problem], to grapple with (I)
j, j to address [a problem], to grapple with (I)
. , .
, .
, .
a. Objasnite ........
b. Zar ........
c. [B,C] Slaete li se s Duanom Radoviem o ........ ?
[S] Da li se slaete sa Duanom Radoviem o ........ ?
Pria: Bazdulj
Read Part I of the story Ljub av na panjolski nain by Muharem Bazdulj (p. 347).
196
A1 7,8
dobro doli welcome prazan, prazna empty

drugo else preporuiti, preporuim to recommend (P)
gost guest prijati + Dat to appeal [to] (I)
hodnik hallway rado gladly
kola, kolaa cake sipati [B,S] to serve a beverage (I)
ljubazan, ljubazna kind to ve da thats much better
ponuditi to offer (P) toiti [C] to serve a beverage (I)
posluiti, posluim to serve (P) trinaesti thirteenth
pozvati, pozovem to invite (P) zamoliti, zamolim to request, to ask for (P)
pozvati u goste to invite for a visit (P)
DOBRO DOLI!
Bosnian Croatian
1. Gospodine, dobro doli! Biste li bili tako ljubazni 1. Gospodine, dobro doli! Biste li bili tako
da poete sa mnom iz hodnika u sobu? ljubazni da poete sa mnom iz hodnika u sobu?
2. Bilo bi mi drago! Hvala to ste me pozvali u 2. Bilo bi mi drago! Hvala to ste me pozvali u
goste! goste!
1. Izvolite, sjedite! Sa im bih vas mogla ponuditi? 1. Izvolite, sjedite! S im bih vas mogla ponuditi?
2. Gospoo, strano sam edan. Smijem li zamoliti 2. Gospoo, strano sam edan. Smijem li zamoliti
malo hladne vode? malo hladne vode?
1. Nar avno! Sa ledom ili bez? 1. Nar avno! S ledom ili bez?
2. Sa puno, puno leda! 2. S puno, puno leda!
1. Izvolite, gospodine! A da li neto drugo elite 1. Izvolite, gospodine! A elite li neto drugo popiti
popiti ili pojesti? Moda vin a i kolaa? ili pojesti? Moda vina i kolaa?
2. Hvala, gospoo. Svia mi se ono crno vino. Da li 2. Hvala, gospoo. Svia mi se ono crno vino. Biste
biste bili tako ljub azni da mi sipate? li bili tako ljubazni da mi toite?
1. Izvolite gospodine! Bolja je puna nego prazna 1. Izvolite gospodine! Bolja je puna nego prazna
aa! Preporuila bih i ovaj kola. Da li smijem aa! Preporuila bih i ovaj kola. Smijem li da
da vas posluim? vas posluim?
2. Hvala, gospoo, rado bih malo kolaa. Ali, molim 2. Hvala, gospoo, rado bih malo kolaa. Ali,
vas, manje! Jo manje! To ve da. A vi? molim vas, manje! Jo manje! To ve da. A vi?
1. Ne bi mi prijalo slatko, hvala. Najvie mi 1. Ne bi mi prijalo slatko, hvala. Najvie mi
odgovara ovo vino. odgovara ovo vino.
Serbian
1. Gospodine, dobro doli! Da li biste bili tako ljubazni da poete sa mnom iz hodnika u sobu?
2. Bilo bi mi drago! Hvala to ste me pozvali u goste!
1. Izvolite, sedite! Sa ime bih vas mogla ponuditi?
2. Gospoo, strano sam edan, da li smem da zamolim za au hladne vode?
1. Nar avno! Sa ledom ili bez?
2. Sa puno, puno leda!
1. Izvolite, gospodine! A da li neto drugo elite popiti ili pojesti? Moda vin a i kolaa?
2. Hvala, gospoo. Svia mi se ono crno vino. Da li biste bili tako ljubazni da mi sipate?
1. Izvolite gospodine! Bolja je puna nego prazna aa! Preporuila bih i ovaj kola. Da li smem da vas
posluim?
2. Hvala, gospoo, rado bih malo kolaa. Ali, molim vas, manje! Jo manje! To ve da. A vi?
1. Ne bi mi prijalo slatko, hvala. Najvie mi odgovara ovo vino.
197
Bring food and other relevant props to class and perform this skit from memory, staying as close to the
original as the props you provide allow.
Self-study learners: While working on this exercise note the forms of the conditional, bih, bi, bi, bismo,
biste, bi, and the phrases of politeness. Also notice the use of odgovarati and prijati.
zGRAMMAR
* The conditional mood *
The conditional mood is used with many of the same singular plural
meanings as the English conditional. It is composed of 1st masc. bih radio bismo radili
the L-participle and a form similar to the aorist of biti. 1st fem. bih radila bismo radile
The clitic and full forms of this auxiliary look alike on 2nd masc. bi radio biste rad ili
the printed page; in speech, the full forms are accented 2nd fem. bi radila biste rad ile
but the clitic forms are not. Clitics are used in in most 3rd masc. bi radio bi radili
instances, and full forms are used for asking questions 3rd neut. bi radilo bi radila
and in single-word answers. The forms given in the 3rd fem. bi radila bi radile
chart must be used in writing and in careful speech. In
informal speech, only the auxiliary bi is used. [131]
One use of the conditional is in so-called politeness formulas. Just as it is more polite in English to use the
conditional (as in I WOULD LIKE some cake) rather than the indicative (as in I WANT some cake), BCS
uses the conditional elela [E] eljela [J] bih kolaa instead of the indicative elim kolaa. [133b]
* The word welcome *

The English phrase welcome is translated literally into BCS, given that one breaks the English one down
into its two components, well and come. The second word of the BCS phrase is spoken differently
depending on the relationship. If the person arriving is someone you would normally address as ti, then you
should greet this person with the phrase dobro doao (for a man) or dobro dola (for a woman). Otherwise,
the phrase dobro doli should be used (to a group, or to someone normally addressed as vi). When written
as a single word, the phrase functions as an adjective, as in ona je dobrodola she is [a] welcome [guest].
Introductions are made as follows: In rapid sequence, the person initiating the introduction looks directly at
the other person and then says Dobar dan! while extending the right hand and speaking his or her name
(first name in an informal setting and full name in a formal setting). Friends greet by kissing on alternate
cheeks. This is done twice by speakers of Bosnian and Croatian, and three times by speakers of Serbian.
198
Sarajevo: Buildings from the Austro-Hungarian period, after 1878.
Zagreb: a view of St. Marks Church and the

Parliament (Sabor) of Croatia.
Belgrade: the Parliament (Narodna Skuptina) of Serbia
199
A2 9,1
im as soon as skloniti, sklonim to put away (P)

im prije [B,C] as soon as possible sled ei next
doneti, donesem to bring (P) sljedei next
donijeti, donesem to bring (P) spustiti, spustim to put down (P)
makar at least sveza [C] connection
muterija customer to pre [S] as soon as possible
poeti, ponem to begin (P) to prije [B,C,S] as soon as possible
popraviti to repair (P) u redu O.K., fine
pre earlier u svezi [C] in relation to
prije earlier u vezi [B,S] in relation to
sebian, seb ina selfish veza [B,C,S] connection
EVO KOMPJUTERA! [B,S] EVO KOMPJUTORA! [C]
Bosnian Croatian
1. [carrying a heavy box] Evo, donio sam va 1. [carrying a heavy box] Evo, donio sam va
kompjuter. Popravljen je. Gdje da ga kompjutor. Popravljen je. Gdje da ga
spustim? spustim?
2. Molim vas stavite ga tamo na pisai sto. 2. Molim vas stavite ga tamo na pisai stol.
1. Ako hoete da ga stavim na sto, morali biste 1. Ako hoete da ga stavim na stol, morali biste
skloniti sve vae stvari sa stola! skloniti sve vae stvari sa stola!
2. Odmah, ali mogu li vas ponuditi s kafom 2. Odmah, ali mogu li vas ponuditi s kavom
prije toga? prije toga?
1. Ne, hvala. Ve sam popio danas. uri mi se. 1. Ne, hvala. Ve sam popio danas. uri mi se.
[groaning under the weight of the box] Ako [groaning under the weight of the box] Ako
biste sklonili stvari mogao bih poeti raditi. biste sklonili stvari mogao bih poeti raditi.
2. Naravno! Ali kad ste ve tu, moete li mi 2. Naravno! Ali kad ste ve tu, moete li mi
objasniti neke stvari u vezi s kompjuterom? objasniti neke stvari u svezi s kompjutorom?
1. [groaning] Molim vas, rekli ste da ete sklon- 1. [groaning] Molim vas, rekli ste da ete
iti te stvari! Nemojte biti neozbiljni! Moram skloniti te stvari! Nemojte biti neozbiljni!
im prije otii kod sljedee muterije. Moram im prije otii do sljedee muterije.
2. U redu, [clearing the desk] sklonio sam ih. 2. U redu, [clearing the desk] sklonio sam ih.
ao mi je to ne moete ostati makar par ao mi je to ne moete ostati makar par
minuta due! minuta due!
Serbian
1. [carrying a heavy box] , . . ?
2. .
1. , !
2. , ?
1. , . . . [groaning under the weight of the box]
.
2. ! ,
?
1. [groaning] , ! !
.
2. , [clearing the desk] .
!
200
Play this conversation, on your feet, using a box for the computer. Go through it again with #1 as a
female repair person. Then change the number of people involved, first so that there are two repair people,
and then so that there are two people receiving them.
Rework the conversation so that it is informal, using ti instead of vi.
zGRAMMAR
* Use of the conditional in toned-down statements or requests *
The conditional mood is often used, as in English, to soften the force of a statement or request. Both the
sentences morate skloniti stvari and morali biste skloniti stvari state that someone must move his/her
things, but the first is much more abrupt. The difference is the same as that between English you have to
move your things and you would need to move your things. [133a]
* Indirect discourse *
When speech is quoted directly, the verb remains in the same tense as in the quoted speech, as in, for
instance you said, I WILL move those things. When speech is quoted indirectly and placed in a
subordinate clause after a past tense verb, English must change the tense of the quoted speech. Thus, the
indirect version of this English sentence is you said you WOULD move those things. In the BCS versions
of these sentences, however, the quoted speech remains in the same tense, whether it is a direct quote or an
indirect one. The direct is rekli ste ja U skloniti te stvari, and the indirect is rekli ste da ETE skloniti te
stvari. [135] English speakers must pay particular attention to this difference between BCS and English.
* Da introducing proposed actions *

The conjunction da usually follows a verb, and introduces a clause containing a second verb. The second
clause may be one of fact, as in znam da je on Amerikanac (the relationship of fact is indicated by the
conjunction that in the English translation I know that hes an American). But da can also introduce a
subordinate clause of purpose, as in elim da uimo zajedno (here the relationship of purpose indicated by
the preposition to in the English translation I want us to study together). If da stands alone before the
main verb of a sentence, the idea of purpose is presented as a potential action. This frequently takes the
form of a question, as in kako da doem do trga? how [can] I get to the square? and da to spustim na
pod? [should] I put this on the floor? It can also take the form of a suggestion, as in da popijemo neto!
lets have something to drink! [143e]
Stopping permitted up to 3 minutes
201
A3 11,12
VOCABULARY
brinuti, brinem to worry pojam, pojma concept

arobnjak, arobnjaka wizard, magician pojaviti se, pojavim se to appear (P)
ipak nevertheless polako take it easy, slow down
kralj, kralja king poslovan, poslovna business (adj.)
materijal, materijala documents, papers primerak, primerka copy
nekih pedesetak some fifty-odd primjerak, primjerka copy
nemam pojma I have no idea pripremiti, pripremim to prepare (P)
noas tonight, last night reputacija reputation
obraditi, obradim to work through (P) sastanak, sastanka meeting
ostali remaining stran ica page
ovako like this, as it is teta a shame, too bad
partner, partnera partner
POLAKO ...
Bosnian
1. Ako proitam tvoje materijale noas, dat u ti ih sutra ujutro rano na poslu.
2. Koliko jo ima stranica?
1. Pa, nekih pedesetak.
2. Bolje bi ipak bilo kad bi to proitao - najkasnije do osamnaest i trideset. Treba mi moj
primjerak materijala da bih ih obradio s kolegom veeras u devetnaest i trideset.
1. Svejedno mi je. Neka ih kolega obradi sam.
2. Sjeti se moje reputacije! ta e rei ostali poslovni partneri kad im doem nepripremljen sutra
na sastanak?
1. Polako. Nemam pojma ta e rei. Neka kau ta hoe. Da sam arobnjak mogao bih da ih
proitam do veeras. teta to nisam.
2. A ja, da sam kralj, ne bih brinuo! Ovako, ne smijem ni da se pojavim sutra.
Croatian
1. Ako proitam tvoje materijale noas, dat u ti ih sutra ujutro rano na poslu.
primjerak materijala da bih ih obradio s kolegom veeras u devetnaest i trideset.
2. Sjeti se moje reputacije! to e rei ostali poslovni partneri kad im doem nepripremljen sutra
na sastanak?
1. Polako. Nemam pojma to e rei. Neka kau to hoe. Da sam arobnjak mogao bih ih
proitati do veeras. teta to nisam.
2. A ja, da sam kralj, ne bih brinuo! Ovako, ne smijem se ni pojaviti sutra.
202
Serbian
1. Ako proitam tvoje materijale noas, dau ti ih sutra ujutro rano na poslu.
primerak materijala da bih ih obradio s kolegom veeras u devetnaest i trideset najkasnije.
2. Seti se moje reputacije! ta e rei ostali poslovni partneri kad im doem nepripremljen sutra
na sastanak?
1. Polako. Nemam pojma ta e da kau. Neka kau ta hoe. Da sam arobnjak mogao bih da ih
proitam do veeras. teta to nisam.
2. A ja, da sam kralj, ne bih brinuo! Ovako, ne smem ni da se pojavim sutra.
Make your own version, based loosely on this exchange, of a conversation between two people, one of
whom owes the other a book the other needs to study for an exam, or some money, or a coveted item of
clothing.
Self-study learners: Note the use of the perfective form proitati, the verbal forms treba, neka, setiti se [E]
sjetiti se [J], smeti [E] smjeti [J] and the phrases nemam pojma and teta to....
zGRAMMAR
* Conditional sentences *
The conditional mood takes its name from sentences which articulate a condition, together with its pre-
sumed result, in the form If A . then B. There are three different kinds of such sentences, and the
differences between them are marked not only by the verb form but also by the conjunction used to express
the idea if. When the speaker fully expects the condition to be fulfilled, s/he uses the conjunction ako
plus an indicative form of the verb (present or past tense); for instance, ako proitam sve do veeras, mogu
vam dati knjigu if I read everything through before this evening, I can give you the book. [132a] If the
fulfillment of the condition is possible but uncertain, the speaker usually uses the conjunction kad, and the
conditional mood in both clauses of the sentence; for instance, bolje bi bilo kad biste to proitali do veeras
it would be better if you were to read it through by this evening. [132b] If the condition is purely
hypothetical or otherwise unfulfillable, the speaker uses the conjunction da followed by the present tense,
with the verb of the second clause in the conditional mood; for instance, da sam arobnjak, mogao bih to
sve proitati do veeras if I were a magician, Id be able to read it all by this evening. [132c]
* Conditional of purpose *
The conditional mood after the conjunction da emphasizes the purpose or goal of an action. An example is
treba mi to da bih ga obradila veeras I need it so that I can work on it this evening. [134b] This is the
single use of the BCS conditional that has no parallel in English. Students may think of this meaning as an
English quasi-conditional of the sort that I might work on it or the like, in order to learn it more easily.
203
A4 13,14
VOCABULARY
ako nemate nita protiv if youve no objections odvesti, odvezem to take by vehicle (P)
autobuski [B,S] bus (adj.) ponititi to stamp, to void (P)
autobusni [C] bus (adj.) pravo [S] straight ahead
desni right [= not left] (adj.) proi, proem to pass (P)
gradski city (adj.) protiv + Gen against
itekako definitely ravan, ravna [B,C] straight
karta ticket ravno [B,C] straight ahead
kiosk newspaper stand sii, siem to get off (P)
kolegica [B,C] female colleague skrenuti, skrenem to turn (P)
koleginica [B,S] female colleague trebalo bi ought
kraj + Gen next to, by trg [city] square
levi left (adj.) ulica block; street
lijevi left (adj.) uputstva instructions
odavde from here zahvalan, zahvalna grateful
UPUTSTVA
Bosnian Croatian
1. Molim vas, kako da doem odavde do 1. Molim vas, kako da doem odavde do
glavnog trga? glavnog trga?
2. Nije teko. Objasnit u vam. Prvo na kiosku 2. Nije teko. Objasnit u vam. Prvo na kiosku
treba kupiti autobusku kartu koju ete dati treba kupiti autobusnu kartu koju ete dati
vozau autobusa. On e tu kartu ponititi. vozau autobusa. On e tu kartu ponititi.
Proi ete nekih desetak ulica do tree Proi ete nekih desetak ulica do tree
stanice. Na treoj stanici treba sii. stanice. Na treoj stanici treba sii.
1. A kad siem jesam li onda na trgu na kojem 1. A kad siem jesam li onda na trgu na kojem
treba da budem? trebam biti?
2. Odmah ete vidjeti trg ravno ispred sebe. Ne 2. Odmah ete vidjeti trg ravno ispred sebe. Ne
bi trebalo skrenuti ni lijevo ni desno. A zato bi trebalo skrenuti ni lijevo ni desno. A zato
idete na trg, ako smijem da pitam? idete na trg, ako smijem pitati?
1. Smijete! Traim Gradsku kafanu. Rekla mi 1. Smijete! Traim Gradsku kavanu. Rekla mi
je kolegica da je zgrada koju u vidjeti kraj je kolegica da je zgrada koju u vidjeti kraj
Gradske kafane vrlo lijepa. Gradske kavane vrlo lijepa.
2. Kako da ne. To je zgrada u kojoj ja 2. Kako da ne. To je zgrada u kojoj ja
stanujem! Mogu vas tamo odvesti svojim stanujem! Mogu vas tamo odvesti svojim
kolima ako nemate nita protiv. kolima ako nemate nita protiv.
1. Bila bih vam itekako zahvalna! 1. Bila bih vam itekako zahvalna!
Tickets for public transportation or inter-city travel can usually be purchased in the bus, tram, or train from
the driver or a conductor. But they will be less expensive if purchased at a newspaper kiosk (for city buses
or trams) or at the terminal (for intercity bus or train travel). See p. 99 for examples of bus tickets.
204
Serbian
1. , o ?
2. . O . y
y. O .
. .
1. ?
2. . . A
?
1. e! T .
.
2. . ja !
.
1. !
Use this sketch as the basis for giving each other instructions for how to find something in a city.
Self-study learners: Go over this exchange carefully and note the vocabulary used to give instructions for
taking a bus ride and finding a location.
City parking. Bus station. Ticket sales. Welcome. Tickets sold by the driver.
Zagreb, City Cafe.
205
zGRAMMAR
* The relative conjunction koji, continued *
The gender and number of the relative conjunction koji are determined by the word it refers to, which is
called its antecedent. In the sentence stud enti koji stanuju tamo moraju urediti svoje sobe (seen on p. 180),
it is the masculine plural noun studenti which requires masculine plural endings on koji. Similarly, in the
sentence poznaje li enu koja ulazi u sobu it is the feminine singular noun ena which requires feminine
singular endings on koja. But the antecedent determines only number and gender; it is the grammar of the
clause in which koji occurs that determines what case it is in. In both of these sentences, the relative
conjunction koji is the subject within its own clause (a fact which is seen also in the English the students
WHO live here. and the woman WHO is coming into the room); thus the case is nominative. [128a]
But a relative conjunction must take whatever case the clause requires. For instance, it is accusative in the
sentence zgrada KOJ U ete videti [E] vidjeti [J] na glavnom trgu je moja the building WHICH you will see
on the main square is mine, and locative in the sentence to je zgrada u KOJ OJ ja stanujem thats the
building I live in [in WHICH I live]. The gender and number of each of these relative conjunctions is
feminine singular, of course, since in both instances the antecedent is the feminine singular noun zgrada.
In forming such sentences, English speakers must not only remember to follow all the rules of case, number
and gender, but they must also remember the more basic rule, which is to insert a relative conjunction
whenever the grammar requires it. The fact that most English speakers would omit that or which (and
would phrase the above sentences as the building youll see on the square is mine or thats the building I
live in) requires extra effort in learning to form BCS relative clauses. [136a]
* Compound conjunctions *
Many English prepositions are used in an adverbial sense. This accounts for the fact that they can function
grammatically both as prepositions and as conjunctions. For example, when the English word before is
used in an adverbial phrase of time (as in before lunch), it is a preposition. But when it is followed by a
clause containing a verb (as in before he arrived), it is a conjunction. BCS must use different words in
these two instances. If what follows is a noun or a pronoun, BCS uses a preposition. But if what follows is
a clause, BCS must use a conjunction.
Most conjunctions are simple words, like da, to, ako, kad, and the like. But when the idea expressed by a
preposition also serves as a conjunction, then BCS creates a compound conjunction by adding a specific
phrase after the preposition. The most frequent such phrases are nego to (which does not change) or to to
(in which to must take the case endings required by the sentence). For example, the phrases before lunch
and after lunch are expressed with prepositions: pre [E] prije [J] ruka and posle [E] poslije [J] ruka.
But when the idea before is expressed as a conjunction, one must add nego to, as in zavr ila sam sve pre
[E] prije [J] nego to je on stigao I finished everything before he arrived. Similarly, the idea after as a
conjunction requires to to, and the prepositional portion of the conjunction requires to to be in the genitive.
Thus one says zvala je nakon toga to je otiao she called after he left. Many other prepositions are
related to conjunctions in this manner: for example, doli smo zbog vas we came because of you vs. doli
smo zbog toga to moramo s vama razgovarati we came because we have to speak with you. [143b]
206
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
1. Dobar dan! Ja sam Sonja Pai. 1. ! .
2. Drago mi je. Margaret Smith. 2. . .
Practice introducing yourself to someone, shaking hands as you say your name.

1. Hoete li puiti? 1. ?
2. ao mi je, ali ne puim, hval a. 2. , , .
Self-study learners: note that the phrases drago mi je and ao mi je are particularly important.

1. Hoete li jo kolaa? 1. ?
2. Hvala, ali ne mogu vie. 2. , .
Practice offering each other things and refusing politely.

1. ta biste eljeli popiti? 1. to biste eljeli popiti? 1.
2. Svejedno mi je, kafu ili 2. Svejedno mi je, kavu ili ?
aj. aj. 2. , .
Replace the kafa [B,S] kava [C] and aj with other beverages: mineralna voda, pivo, sok, vino.
When a person is offered food or drink in the BCS region, s/he often refuses the first offer so as not to seem
overly eager. Your host may assume you are doing the same if you decline an offer for food or drink.
Should you find that the offer is made repeatedly despite your refusal, this is because your host would feel
impolite doing otherwise. The response hvala, ne mogu is a courteous one. However, it is considered
impolite to say simply neu [B,S] or ne u [C],
B2
1. Da li bi htjela neto da 1. Bi li htjela neto pojesti za 1.
pojede za veeru? veeru? ?
2. Hvala, bih! Strano sam 2. Hvala, bih! Strano sam 2. , !
gladna! gladna! !
1. ime te mogu posluiti? 1. ime te mogu posluiti? 1. ?
Imam finog mesa. Imam finog mesa. .
2. Na alost, meso mi se ne 2. Na alost, meso mi se ne 2. ,
jede zbog toga to sam jela jede zbog toga to sam jela
dosta mesa danas za ruak. dosta mesa danas za ruak. .
Moe li neto drugo? Moe li neto drugo? ?
1. Kako da ne! Moe, bez 1. Kako da ne! Moe, bez 1. ! ,
problema. problema. .
Replace fino meso with belo [E] bijelo [J] vino, crni hljeb [B,S] crni kruh [C] crni hleb [S], evapii,
hladno pivo, jaje, maslac, slatki kola. When speaking of beverages, use ed an, popiti and piti.
207
B3
1. Kad a biste htjeli, mogli 1. Kad a biste htjeli, mogli 1. Kad a biste hteli, mogli biste
biste svi biti odlini biste svi biti odlini svi biti odlini profesori
profesori slavistike! profesori slavistike! slavistike!
2. A ta ako bismo htjeli biti 2. A to ako bismo htjeli biti 2. A ta ako bismo hteli biti
profesori neeg drugog? profesori neeg drugoga? profesori neeg drugog?
1. Ni to ne bi bilo loe. eg a 1. Ni to ne bi bilo loe. eg a 1. Ni to ne bi bilo loe. eg a
biste htjeli biti profesori? biste htjeli biti profesori? biste hteli biti profesori?
2. Ako bi sve bilo po meni, 2. Ako bi sve bilo po meni, 2. Ako bi sve bilo po meni,
htio bih da budem profesor htio bih biti profesor jezika i hteo bih da budem profesor
jezika i knjievnosti, zbog knjievnosti, zbog toga to jezika i knjievnosti, zbog
toga to to najvie volim. to najvie volim. toga to to najvie volim.
3. A ja bih bio profesor 3. A ja bih bio profesor 3. A ja bih bio profesor
hemije, zato to to najvie kemije, zato to to najvie hemije, zato to to najvie
ele moji roditelji. ele moji roditelji. ele moji roditelji.
Replace the italicized disciplines with ones from the following list.
VOCABULARY
anglistika English language and kemija [C] chemistry

literature kineziologija [C] physical education
arhitektura architecture knjievnost, -osti (f) literature
biologija biology likovna umetnost, -osti (f) fine arts
bogoslovija theology likovna umjetnost, -osti (f) fine arts
dramske umetnosti (f) theater arts lingvistika [B,C,S] linguistics
dramske umjetnosti (f) theater arts mainstvo [B,S] mechanical engineering
drutvene nauke [B,S] social sciences matematika mathematics
drutvene znanosti [C] social sciences medicin a medicine
ekonomija economics muzika [B,C,S] music
elektrotehnika electrical engineering pedagogija teaching
filolog ija [B,S] philology politike nauke [B,S] political science
filozof ija philosophy politike znanosti [C] political science
fizika kultura [B,C,S] physical education poljoprivreda agriculture
fizika physics povijest [C] (f) history
geografija geography pravo law
germanistika Germanic languages prirodne nauke [B,S] natural science
and literatures prirodne znanosti [C] natural science
glazba [C] music psihologija psychology
hemija [B,S] chemistry romanistika Romance languages and
historija [B] history literatures
informatika computer science slavistika Slavic languages and
istorija [S] history literatures
jezikoslovlje [C] linguistics stomatolog ija dentistry
junoslavistika South Slavic languages strojarstvo [C] mechanical engineering
and literatures umarstvo forestry
208
GALLERY
PROFESSIONAL LITERATURE
social sciences, economics,
law, medicine, natural sciences
SUBSCRIPTION TO AND ORDERING OF
FOREIGN PUBLICATIONS.
B4
1. Izvoli sjesti! Da popijemo 1. Izvoli sjesti! Da popijemo 1. , !
malo kafe. malo kav e. .
2. Ba mi prija kafa sada. 2. Ba mi prija kava sada. 2. .
1. Da li bi je eljela piti sa 1. Bi li je eljela piti sa 1.
eerom ili bez? eerom ili bez?
2. Molila bih sa eerom ali 2. Molila bih sa eerom ali ?
bez mlijeka, hvala. bez mlijeka, hvala. 2.
, .
Rework the conversation so that it is about having beer or wine and cake or evap ii.
B5
1. Kako bi bilo kad bi zaraivala vie novca?
2. To ne bi bilo loe.
1. A kako bi bilo kad bi zaraivala manje novca?
2. To ne bi bilo dobro.
Replace zaraivati vie novca with itati vie knjiga, kupiti vie stvari, poloiti vie ispita, sluati vie
predavanja.
209
B6
Ask each other these and similar questions:
1. ta bi najvie volio jesti? 1. to bi najvie volio jesti? 1. eo
2. Kuda bi najvie voljela 2. Kamo bi najvie voljela ?
putovati? putovati? 2.
3. Koliko bi najvie elio 3. Koliko bi najvie elio e?
zaraivati? zaraivati? 3.
4. Kad a bi mogao ii u Bosnu 4. Kad a bi mogao ii u ?
i Hercegovinu? Hrv atsku? 4.
5. ta bi bilo bolje: uvijek biti 5. to bi bilo bolje: uvijek ?
student ili zavriti fakultet? biti student ili zavriti 5. :
fakultet?
?
B7
1. ta ti je? 1. to ti je? 1. ta ti je?
2. Glava me boli. 2. Glava me boli. 2. Glava me boli.
1. Treba ti aa hladne vode! 1. Treba ti aa hladne vode! 1. Treba ti aa hladne vode!
2. Svejedno mi je. Kada bih 2. Svejedno mi je. Kada bih 2. Svejedno mi je. Kada bih
popila au hladne vode, popila au hladne vode, popila au hladne vode,
glava bi me boljela jo vie! glava bi me boljela jo vie! glava bi me bolela jo vie!
Replace glava with ruka, noga, stomak [B,S] trbuh [C], lakat, le a.
Replace popiti au hladne vode with staviti led, popiti aspirin, umiti se hladnom vodom.
210
C1
Work up a skit in which characters are getting to know one another. Use the polite phrases from A1.
C2
Write a paragraph (100 words) on one of the following themes:
ta bih radila da imam vremena i novca?
ta bi radio da ima vremena i novca?
ta bismo radili da imamo vremena i novca?
C3
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the conditional:
1. [B,C] Kada ........ cijelu domau zadau svaki dan ........ odlian student.
[S] Kada ........ celi domai zadatak svaki dan ........ odlian student.
(ti, napisati) (biti)
2. [C] Ne ........ loe da doe k nama sutra po podne na ruak.

[B,S] Ne ........ loe da doe kod nas sutra po podne na ruak.
(biti)
3. [B,C] O takvim stvarima ........ govoriti.

[S] O takvim stvarima ........ da se govori.
(ne treba)
4. [B,C] Da ........ predsjednica ili predsjednik Amerike, ........ puno posla.

[S] Da ........ predsednica ili predsednik Amerike, ........ puno posla.
(ti, biti) (im ati)
5. [B,S] Da li ........ tako ljubazni da poete sa mnom?

[C] Biste li ........ tako ljubazni da poete sa mnom?
(vi, biti)
6. ........ ivot da vozim motocikl.

(ja, prokockati)
211
C4
Take each of the phrases below and make it into a hypothetical conditional.
Example: ja / pilot
[B,C] Da sam pilot, putovala bih cijele godine avionom!
[S] Da sam pilot, putovala bih cele godine avionom!
1. mi / francuzi 1. /
2. oni / dobri 2. /
3. vi / ezdeset godina 3. /
4. ja / tri godine 4. /
5. ona / arobnjak 5. /
C5
Translate the first sentence into English and the next two into B, C, or S, following the example of the
first.
1. a. [B,C] Biste li bili tako ljubazni sjesti ovdje do nje?

[S] ?
b. Would you be so kind as to open that door? Thank you! Now, would you open this door?
c. Would you be so kind as to help us and give us your hand?
2. a. [B,C] Kad bih mogla poloiti ispit, odmah bih otila ga polagati!
[S] , !
b. If we could prepare Japanese food, we would eat well.
c. If you could study 20 hours each day, you would be an excellent student!
3. a. [B] Da si ivio prije stotinu godina, vjerovatno vie ne bi bio iv!

[C] Da si ivio prije stotinu godina, vjerojatno vie ne bi bio iv!
[S] , !
b. If I were a magician, I would never worry about anything.
c. If we were children, we would play ball all day.
4. a. [B,C] Bole me i noge i ruke. Smijem li te zamoliti za pomo?

[S] . ?
b. My stomach hurts. If I were to drink warm milk it would hurt less.
c. My head hurts, but it will hurt less if I lie down.
5. a. [B,C] i me se bavi? Bavim se pravom.

[S] ? .
b. What do they do? They work in medicine.
c. What does she do? She works in geography.
212
C6
Answer the following questions (based on A1, A2, A3 and A4).
A1
1. [B,C] Zbog eg a je gospodin zamolio malo hladne vode?
[S] ?
2. [B,C] Zato je gospoa pitala gospodina eli li neto drugo popiti ili pojesti?
[S] ?
3. [B,C] Pored toga to gospodin pije crno vino, hoe li i neto pojesti?
[S] , ?
4. [B,C] Zato se gospoi ini da je bolja puna nego prazna aa?

[S] ?
5. [B,C] Zar e gospoa piti samo vino? Zato?

[S] ? ?
A2
1. [B] ta bi trebalo uiniti tako da ovjek moe spustiti kompjuter?
[C] to bi trebalo uiniti tako da ovjek moe spustiti kompjutor?
[S] ?
2. [B,C] Zato treba skloniti sve stvari sa stola?

[S] ?
3. [B,C] Zbog eg a je ovjek ljut?

[S] ?
A3
1. [B,C] Zato trebaju broju 2 materijali?
[S] 2 ?
2. [B,C] Zar broj 1 nije kralj?

[S] 1 ?
3. [B] ta e rei poslovni partneri kad broj 1 doe nepripremljen na sastanak?

[C] to e rei poslovni partneri kad broj 1 doe nepripremljen na sastanak?
[S] j 1 ?
A4
1. [B,C] Zbog eg a broj 1 trai glavni trg?
[S] 1 ?
2. [B] Pored eg a na glavnom trgu stoji Gradska kafan a?

[C] Pored eg a na glavnome trgu stoji Gradska kavana?
[S] ?
3. [B,C] O emu su broj 1 i broj 2 razgovarali?

[S] 1 2 ?
213
VOCABULARY
, (f) anonymity , immodest

, (f) value , objective
, (f) value , to accomplish (P)
, (f) stupidity , [C] to save (P)
insistence , [B,S] to save (P)
,
. , .
,
. .
a. Zbog ega ........ ?

b. Objasnite ....... ?
c. [B,C] ini li vam se da ........ ? [S] Da li vam se in i da ........?
d. Zar ....... ?
Pria: Bazdulj
Read Part II of the story Ljubav na panjolski nain by Muharem Bazdulj (p. 348).
214
A1 15
VOCABULARY
as moment poreati, poream [B,S] to line up (P)

etrnaesti fourteenth poslednji final, last
vrst firm posljednji final, last
dii [dignuti], dignem to raise (P) preliti, prelijem to pour over (P)
dizati, diem to raise (I) primaknuti, primaknem to bring closer (P)
dno, dna bottom priprema preparation
doliti, dolijem to add liquid (P) recept recipe
drka [B,S] handle samleti, sameljem to grind (P)
drak, drka [C] handle samljeti, sameljem to grind (P)
dezva [Turkish] coffee pot sastojak, sastojka ingredient
fildan [B] [Turkish] coffee cup sekunda second (unit of time)
hitan, hitna urgent sitan, sitna tiny, fine
istog asa that very moment skuhati [B,C] to bring to a boil (P)
istog trena that very moment skuvati [S] to bring to a boil (P)
izmeati, izmeam to stir up, to mix (P) slei se [slegnuti se], slegnem se to settle (P)
izmijeati, izmijeam to stir up, to mix (P) srknuti, srknem to sip (P)
kahva [B] coffee alica [B,C] cup
kaika [B,S] spoon olja [B,S] cup
kaiica [S] small spoon poret [B,S] stove
kaikica [B] small spoon tednjak [B,C] stove
mleti, meljem to grind (I) tada then, at that time
mljeti, meljem to grind (I) talog dregs, sediment
odliti, odlijem to pour off (P) tren moment
oprema equipment uhvatiti to take hold of (P)
ostaviti to leave [behind] (P) vatra stove burner; fire
paljiv careful vreo, vrela hot
pena foam vrh top
pjena foam zagrabiti to scoop up (P)
ponovno [C] again zaslad iti, zasladim to sweeten (P)
ponovo [B,S] again elja wish
popeti se, popnem se to climb (P) lica [C] spoon
poredati, poredam [B,C] to line up (P) liica [C] small spoon
Recommendation: For Lessons 14 and 15, where the exercise is too long to fit on the same page with the
vocabulary box, make a photocopy of the vocabulary page to use while you work on the exercise.
215
RECEPT ZA KAHVU [B] KAVU [C] KAFU [S]
BOSNIAN
Sastojci: voda, eer (po elji), sitno mljevena kahva
(traite da se kahva samelje to je sitnije mogue)
Oprema: jedna dezva, etiri fildana, jedna kaika
Vrijeme pripreme: 5-6 minuta
Staviti punu dezvu vode na poret. Primaknuti jedan prazan fildan. im se voda skuha, treba
odliti malo skuhane vode u taj fildan i skloniti dezvu sa vatre. Ako elite kahvu* sa eerom,
sad treba zasladiti vrelu vodu sa dvije kaikice eera, vratiti dezvu na vatru na svega par
sekundi, i zatim ponovo skloniti dezvu sa vatre. Dok je dezva na strani, treba zagrabiti pet
punih kaika mljevene kahve i dodati ih u vrelu vodu. Kaikom dobro izmijeati kahvu i vodu.
Onda treba vrsto uhvatiti drku dezve i vratiti dezvu na vatru. Zatim se paljivo prati kako se
kahva die u dezvi. Kad se digne do samog vrha, hitno treba da se skloni sa vatre, istog asa.
Onda se eka dva-tri minuta sve dok se kahva ne slegne u dezvi. Onda se jo jedanput vrati
dezva na vatru, i opet se skloni im se kahva digne do vrha. Onda se posljednji, trei put dezva
vrati na vatru dok se posljednji put kahva ne popne do vrha dezve. Tad treba skloniti dezvu na
stranu sa kuhanom kahvom, uzeti fildan s odlitom vodom i preliti tu vodu preko skuhane kahve,
dok je jo u dezvi. Zatim se poredaju etiri fildana jedna do druge. Staviti po jednu kaikicu
pjene u svaki fildan. Kad se podijeli sva pjena, onda se dolije kahva do vrha svakog fildana.
Talog se ostavi da se slegne. Treba srknuti malo da vidite da li je kahva dovoljno slatka. Na kraju,
kada se kahva popije, onda se ita budunost iz taloga koji ostaje na dnu fildana.
* Note the spelling of the Bosnian word coffee in this passage. It is spelled here kahva, though elsewhere
in this book kafa is the Bosnian spelling used. This is just one of a number of alternate choices of spelling,
pronunciation and vocabulary that have become part of broader usage since 1990. Because most speakers
of Bosnian say kafa most of the time, that spelling is given precedence in this book. The spelling kahva is
used in this exercise to direct attention to the fact of variant possibilities, and to the fluidity of the linguistic
situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, and Serbia.
216
CROATIAN
Sastojci: voda, eer (po elji), sitno mljevena kav a
(traite da se kava samelje to je sitnije mogue)
Oprema: jedna dezva, etiri alice, jedna lica
Vrijeme pripreme: 5-6 minuta
Staviti punu dezvu vode na tednjak. Primaknuti jednu praznu alicu. im se voda skuha, treba
odliti malo skuhane vode u tu alicu i skloniti dezvu s vatre. Ako elite kavu sa eerom, sad
treba zasladiti vrelu vodu s dvije liice eera, vratiti dezvu na vatru na svega par sekundi, i
zatim ponovno skloniti dezvu s vatre. Dok je dezva na strani, treba zagrabiti pet punih lica
mljevene kave i dodati ih u vrelu vodu. licom dobro izmijeati kavu i vodu. Onda treba vrsto
uhvatiti drak dezve i vratiti dezvu na vatru. Zatim se paljivo prati kako se kav a die u dezvi.
Kad se digne do samog vrha, hitno treba da se skloni s vatre, istog trena. Onda se eka dvije-tri
minute sve dok se kava ne slegne u dezvi. Onda se jo jedanput vrati dezva na vatru, i opet se
skloni im se kava digne do vrha. Onda se posljednji, trei put dezva vrati na vatru dok se
posljednji put kava ne popne do vrha dezve. Tad treba skloniti dezvu na stranu sa kuhanom
kavom, uzeti alicu s odlitom vodom i preliti tu vodu preko skuhane kave, dok je jo u dezvi.
Zatim se pored aju etiri alice jedna do druge. Staviti po jednu liicu pjene u svaku alicu. Kad
se podijeli sva pjena, onda se dolije kava do vrha svake alice. Talog se ostavi da se slegne. Treba
srknuti malo da vidite je li kava dovoljno slatka. Na kraju, kada se kava popije, onda se ita
budunost iz taloga koji ostaje na dnu alice.
217
SERBIAN
: , ( ),
( )
: , ,
: 5-6
. . ,
.
, ,
, . ,
.
. .
a e . ,
, . -
. ,
. ,
. ,
, .
. a .
, . .
. , a ,
j .
Groups of two or three students should make coffee while giving each other the instructions. If you
are unable to find the proper coffee pot, use a small, ordinary pot. In order to get coffee beans that are
ground as finely as possible (like confectioners sugar), have them ground at the setting for Turkish coffee.
Self-study learners: Follow the instructions given in the textbook and make coffee. As you read the
instructions, note how infinitives, impersonal verbs with se, and the verb treba are used in the giving of
instructions. Also note the use of conjunctions such as im and dok, as well as adverbs and adverbial
phrases such as zatim, onda, tad, and na kraju, in describing the process.
z GRAMMAR
* Infinitives in the function of imperative *
Infinitives are often encountered in contexts such as recipes and instruction manuals, where they convey
the basic meaning of a command. The use of the infinitive makes the command a more impersonal one than
if an imperative were used. Many such infinitives, in fact, represent shortened forms of subjectless sen-
tences with treba such as treba staviti one should put and treba zasladiti one needs to sweeten.
* Active vs. passive sentences *

Active sentences are those in which the subject performs an action. Frequently they are also transitive: this
means they contain a direct object, which describes the direct result of the action. In all active sentences the
focus is on the actor and the action. Examples are Ana je pronala maku Anna found a cat (transitive),
majka sipa kafu mother is pouring coffee (transitive), uitelj je rekao da e biti ispit the teacher said
218
therell be an exam (intransitive). Grammatically, each has a subject (Ana, mother, teacher) who performs
an action (found, pours, said). In passive sentences, by contrast, the focus is either on the fact of the action
or on its result; the actor is not usually mentioned. Passive versions of the above sentences are pronaena je
maka a cat was found, kafa se sipa coffee is being poured, and reeno je da e biti ispit it was said
therell be an exam. By comparing the first two active and passive sentences, one sees that the object of a
transitive verb (cat, coffee) has become the subject of a passive verb. When an active sentence is
intransitive, it has no object, and its passive version is subjectless (English often uses it in such cases).
* Formation of passive and impersonal sentences *

There are two types of passive sentences. One contains a form of the verb biti accompanied by a passive
participle, and the other contains a verb plus the particle se. In both, the subject identifies something which
is the logical object of an action (a cat that was found, or coffee that is being poured). If the focus of the
verb is to describe the action, then a se-verb is usually chosen. Like any verb, it must agree with its subject,
for example kafa se sipa coffee is poured [singular] vs. jabuke se jedu apples are eaten [plural]. If the
focus is on the result of the action, then a sequence of biti + passive participle is usually chosen. Both
segments must agree with the subject: the form of biti as a verb, and the passive participle as an adjective.
For example, in pronaena je maka, the subject (maka) is 3rd singular feminine, the verb (je) is 3rd
singular, and the participle (pronaena) is feminine singular. Such sentences frequently put the participle
first, especially if the emphasis is on the result of an action. Most verbal ideas express the passive using one
type of sentence (biti + passive participle) or the other (se-verb). Only a very few can use both. One of
these is rod iti se: both ona se rodila 1973 g. and ona je roena 1973 g. mean she was born in 1973. [139]
In impersonal sentences, the focus is also either on the fact of an action or its result. But there is a major
grammatical difference they are subjectless. Like in passives, the verb is either a se-verb or a sequence of
biti + passive participle, but unlike in passives, the verb is only 3rd singular and any participial forms must
be neuter singular. The exact meaning of an impersonal sentence is somewhat harder to render into English,
because English requires a subject. Usually such sentences are translated with it, or the impersonal one
or you; sometimes plurals such as people or the impersonal they are used. For example: od slika se
ne ivi one cant live from pictures [alone], nikad se ne zna you never know, dugo se ekalo they
waited a long time, okup ljalo se u centru grada people gathered in the center of town, dogovoreno je
its agreed. Note that in all these examples the verb is 3rd singular. If it is a se-verb, then the L-participle
of the past tense is neuter singular (okupljalo) and any passive participle is neuter singular (dogovoreno).
The relationship between a passive sentence and its corresponding active version is relatively clear: the
object of an active sentence becomes the subject of a passive sentence, whether the verb is accompanied by
se or a passive participle. But it is often harder to see the relationship between an impersonal sentence and
an active sentence communicating similar information. This is because in such sentences one is concerned
only with the action - such as in stialo se everything quieted down - or the state, such as in nije bilo
sigurno it wasnt certain. [140]
Founded in 1827
No smoking
No parking
219
A2
VOCABULARY
bespomoan, bespomona helpless padavine [B,S] (pl form) precipitation

cesta [B,C] road pola half
as... as one moment ... the next prespavati, prespavam to sleep over (P)
gostionica tavern pretvarati, pretvaram to turn into (I)
granuti, grane to burst forth (P) prolepati se to get nicer (P)
hotel hotel proljepati se to get nicer (P)
isplatiti se, isplati se to be worthwhile (P) put [B,C,S] road, trip
izvjee [C] report putovanje journey, trip
izvetaj [S] report rastajati se, rastajem se to part ways (I)
izvjetaj [B,S] report razii se, raziem se to disperse (P)
jak strong razvedriti se, razvedrim se to clear up (P)
kia rain reda radi as one ought
kraj, kraja region saznati to find out (P)
mesto place, town situacija situation
mjesto place, town skloniti se, sklonim se to take shelter
mrak dark slubeni put business trip
nadati se, nadam se to hope (I) sneg snow
naii [na], naiem [na] to happen upon (P) snijeg snow
nalet gust [e.g. of wind] sutradan the next day
nastaviti to continue (P) svratiti, svratim to stop by (P)
natrag back (adv.) uslov [B,S] condition
nevreme foul weather, storm uvjet [B,C] condition
nevrijeme foul weather, storm vesti (pl form) news
nijednom never, not once vetar, vetra wind
oajan, oajna miserable, despairing vijesti (pl form) news
oluja storm vjetar, vjetra wind
onde there, in that place vraati se, vraam se to return (I)
ondje there, in that place vremenska prognoza weather report
padaline [C] (pl form) precipitation znatan, znatna considerable
OLUJA
BOSNIAN Vraajui se kui kolima oko pet i petnaest navee nakon slubenog puta u
drugom gradu, dvije koleginice su naile na oluju s jakim padavinama, as snijeg, as kia, a da
stvar bude gora, padao je mrak. Skrenuvi sa puta i (svratiti) do najblieg mjesta do pola est,
sklonile su se u jednu gostionicu. (Gledati) kroz prozor gostionice kako se snijeg pretvara u nalete
kie i vjetra, oajno su razmiljale da li se isplati putovati dalje. (Jesti) ondje veeru, i (piti) vina,
razgovarale su o svojoj situaciji. (Znati) da se ne moe voziti po takvoj oluji, odluile su
prespavati u oblinjem hotelu. (Osjeati se) bespomone, sluale su vijesti, vremensku prognozu i
izvjetaj o stanju na cestama. (Javiti se) svojima oko pola devet, otile su spavati, (nadati se) da
e se sutradan vrijeme proljepati, tako da mogu nastaviti putovanje. I zaista, (probuditi se) vrlo
rano u pet do pet, saznale su na vijestima da su uvjeti na cesti znatno bolji. (Voziti), vidjele su da
su se oblaci razili, sunce granulo i dan se razvedrio. (uriti se) natrag, nisu stale nijednom na
220
putu, sve do svog grada gdje su stigle u dvadeset do jedanaest. Javile su se reda radi na poslu i
onda (rastajati se) svaka se vratila svojoj kui.
CROATIAN Vraajui se kui kolima oko pet i petnaest naveer nakon slubenog puta u
drugom gradu, dvije kolegice su naile na oluju s jakim padalinama, as snijeg, as kia, a da
stvar bude gora, padao je mrak. Skrenuvi s puta i (svratiti) do najblieg mjesta do pola est,
sklonile su se u jednu gostionicu. (Gledati) kroz prozor gostionice kako se snijeg pretvara u nalete
kie i vjetra, oajno su razmiljale isplati li se putovati dalje. (Jesti) ondje veeru, i (piti) vina,
razgovarale su o svojoj situaciji. (Znati) da se ne moe voziti po takvoj oluji, odluile su
prespavati u oblinjem hotelu. (Osjeati se) bespomone sluale su vijesti, vremensku prognozu i
izvjee o stanju na cestama. (Javiti se) svojima oko pola devet, otile su rano spavati, (nadati se)
da e se sutradan vrijeme proljepati, tako da mogu nastaviti putovanje. I zaista, (probuditi se)
vrlo rano u pet do pet, saznale su na vijestima da su uvjeti na cesti znatno bolji. (Voziti), vidjele su
kako su se oblaci razili, sunce granulo i dan se razvedrio. (uriti se) natrag, nisu stale nijednom
na putu, sve do svoga grada gdje su stigle u dvadeset do jedanaest. Javile su se reda radi na poslu
i onda (rastajati se) svaka se vratila svojoj kui.
SERBIAN Vraajui se kui kolima oko pet i petnaest navee posle slubenog puta u
drugom gradu, dve koleginice su naile na oluju s jakim padavinama, as sneg, as kia, a da
stvar bude gora, padao je mrak. Skrenuvi sa puta i (svratiti) do najblieg mesta do pola est,
sklonile su se u jednu gostionicu. (Gledati) kroz prozor gostionice kako se sneg pretvara u nalete
kie i vetra, oajno su razmiljale da li se isplati da putuju dalje. (Jesti) onde veeru, i (piti) vina,
razgovarale su o svojoj situaciji. (Znati) da se ne moe voziti po takvoj oluji, odluile su da
prespavaju u oblinjem hotelu. (Oseati se) bespomone, sluale su vesti, vremensku prognozu i
izvetaj o stanju na putevima. (Javiti se) svojima oko pola devet, otile su da spavaju, (nadati se)
da e se sutrad an vreme prolepati, tako da mogu da nastave putovanje. I zaista, (probuditi se)
vrlo rano u pet do pet, saznale su na vestima da su uslovi na putevima znatno bolji. (Voziti),
videle su da su se oblaci razili, sunce granulo i dan se razvedrio. (uriti se) natrag, nisu stale
nijednom na putu, sve do svog grada gde su stigle u dvadeset do jedan aest. Javile su se reda radi
na poslu i onda (rastajati se) svaka se vratila svojoj kui.
Verbs: svratiti, gledati, jesti, piti, znati, oseati se [E] osjeati se [J],
javiti se, nadati se, probuditi se, voziti, uriti se, rastajati se.
Replace each italicized infinitive by the appropriate verbal adverb. The first two verbs in the text
[vraajui se and skrenuvi] have been done for you as examples. Form the adverbs first, from the list
above, and then insert them into the text. Note the aspect of each verb, and remember that past verbal
adverbs are formed only from perfective verbs form, and present verbal adverbs only from imperfective
verbs. Thus, the only verbal adverb which can be formed from the imperfective verb vraati se is the
221
present verbal adverb vraajui se, and the only verbal adverb which can be formed from the perfective
verb skrenuti is the past verbal adverb skrenuvi.
Note: the frequency of these forms in the above story is far greater than in normal writing. The story has
been composed expressly in this way in order to give you practice with verbal adverbs.
zGRAMMAR
* Passive participles, past and present verbal adverbs *
The present verbal adverb is formed by adding the ending -i to the 3rd plural present form, and the past
verbal adverb is formed by adding -vi to the masculine L-participle minus the final -o (review the grammar
sections on pp. 180 and 185. respectively). Passive participles (to be drilled in the next section) are formed
by adding one of the participle markers -t, -n or -en to the appropriate verb stem (review p. 160).
* Telling time, continued *

Half past the hour can be expressed as the hour plus 30 minutes (jedan i trideset 1:30). Much more
frequently, however, it is expressed in terms of the following hour, by the unchanging form pola plus the
name of the hour (pola dva 1:30). The preposition u occurs before this expression as before other
expressions of time (u pola tri at 2:30, u tri i petnaest at 3:15). [61c]
A3
VOCABULARY
besvestan, besvesna unconscious preiv eti, preivim to survive (P)

besvjestan, besvjesna unconscious preiv jeti, preivim to survive (P)
bolnica hospital prijav iti, prijavim to report (P)
bolniki hospital (adj.) prolaznik passerby
hitna kola ambulance pronai, pronaem to find (P)
hitna pomo (f) 911 roditi se, rodim se to be born (P)
izjava statement sino last night
javnost, javnosti (f) the general public sluaj; sluajevi case
obavestiti, obavestim to inform (P) sluajan, sluajna random, chance
obavijestiti, obav ijestim to inform (P) sreom luckily
par pair, couple stan je condition
plonik [C] sidewalk irok, iroka broad, wide
poginuti, poginem to perish (P) trotoar, trotoara [B,S] sidewalk
policija police uprava administration
policijski police (adj.) utvrditi, utvrdim to establish (P)
pomo (f) aid, help
CRNA HRONIKA [B,S] CRNA KRONIKA [C]
BOSNIAN
Sino oko osam sati sluajni prolaznici su pronali en u i mukarca kako lee u besvjesnom
stanju na irokom trotoaru pored ceste. Prolaznici su pozvali hitnu pomo i prijavili su sluaj
policiji. Voza hitnih kola odvezao je par u bolnicu. Kasnije, u izjavi za javnost, inovnici
bolnike i policijske uprave su utvrdili da su to brat i sestra. en a se rodila 1973. g. a mukarac se
rodio 1975. g. Rekli su da sreom par nije poginuo, ve su preivjeli teku saobraajnu nesreu.
Policijska uprava je obavijestila njihovu porodicu.
222
CROATIAN
Sino oko osam sati sluajni prolaznici su pronali en u i mukarca kako lee u besvjesnom
stanju na irokom ploniku pored ceste. Prolaznici su pozvali hitnu pomo i prijavili su sluaj
policiji. Voza hitnih kola odvezao je par u bolnicu. Kasnije, u izjavi za javnost, inovnici
bolnike i policijske uprave su utvrdili da su to brat i sestra. en a se rodila 1973. g. a mukarac se
rodio 1975. g. Rekli su da sreom par nije poginuo, ve su preivjeli teku prometnu nesreu.
Policijska uprava je obavijestila njihovu obitelj.
SERBIAN

.
. o . ,
,
. 1973. ., 1975. .
.
.
On the last page of the daily news in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, and Serbia, one often
finds a section with brief news items about accidents, crimes, natural disasters, or other catastrophic events
of local, national or international significance - usually with the title Crna hronika [B,S] Crna kron ika [C].
Industrial zone Bus Terminal

Hospital
1. Make the passive participle of each of the verbs listed below. 2. Having reviewed the grammar on
passive sentences (p. 219), look at how each (italicized) verb is used actively in the text above and think
how to turn it into a passive phrase including a passive participle. 3. Make the above text passive: replace
each active verb with a passive participle phrase.
Verbs: obavestiti se [E] obavijestiti se [J], odvesti, pozvati, pronai, prijav iti, rei, roditi se, utvrditi.
Example (for the verb obavestiti se [E] obavijestiti se [J] )
1. obaveten [E] obav ijeten [J]
2. obavetena je [E] obav ijetena je [J]
3. [B] Policijska uprava je obavijestila njihovu porodicu becomes: Njihova porodica je obav ijetena.
[C] Policijska uprava je obavijestila njihovu obitelj becomes: Njihova obitelj je obav ijetena.
[S] Policijska uprava je obavestila njihovu porodicu becomes: Njihova porodica je obav etena.
223
No dumping of dirt or trash No walking and releasing of dogs
A4
VOCABULARY
dolazak, dolaska arrival primetiti, primetim to notice (P)

gust dense primijetiti, primijetim to notice (P)
izdalek a from afar radovati se, radujem se + Dat to be glad (I)
izlet excursion shvatiti to grasp, to understand (P)
jesenski [C] autumnal stiati se to quiet down (P)
jesenji [B,S] autumnal stizati, stiem to arrive (I)
konaan, konana final uenik pupil, student
magla fog uskoro soon thereafter
nestati, nestanem to disappear (P) zabrinut worried
oekiv ati, oekujem to expect (I) zabrinutost, zabrinutosti (f) concern, anxiety
odjednom suddenly zakasniti, zakasnim to be late (P)
okupljati, okupljam to gather (I) zakanjen je delay
posve completely zvuk sound
povratak, povratka return
MAGLA
BOSNIAN
Jesenja magla je bila gusta te noi, pa niko nita nije vidio. Od magle su se svi zvukovi stiali pa
niko nita nije uo. Zabrinuti ljudi su se okupljali na eljeznikoj stanici ali nisu govorili. ekali
su povratak uenika i nastavnika sa kolskog izleta. Oekivali su djecu u devet sati uvee, ali
zbog magle nisu bili sigurni hoe li voz zakasniti ili ne. Nakon sat vremena zakanjenja, ljudi su
odjednom primijetili voz kako stie izdaleka. Zabrinutost roditelja je nestala im su shvatili da e
se djeca uskoro pojaviti. Djeca su konano stigla na stanicu u deset i pedeset pet. Svi su se
radovali dolasku voza. Na kraju, kad su djeca sila sa voza, svi su posve zaboravili strah i poli
kui na spavanje.
224
CROATIAN
Jesenska magla je bila gusta te noi, pa nitko nita nije vidio. Od magle su se svi zvukovi stiali
pa nitko nita nije uo. Zabrinuti ljudi su se okupljali na kolodvoru ali nisu govorili. ekali su
povratak uenika i nastavnika sa kolskog izleta. Oekivali su djecu u devet sati naveer, ali zbog
magle nisu bili sigurni hoe li vlak zakasniti ili ne. Nakon sat vremena zakanjenja, ljudi su
odjednom primijetili vlak kako stie izdaleka. Zab rinutost roditelja je nestala im su shvatili da e
se djeca uskoro pojaviti. Djeca su konano stigla na kolodvor u deset i pedeset pet. Svi su se
radovali dolasku vlaka. Na kraju, kad su djeca sila s vlaka, svi su posve zaboravili strah i poli
kui na spavanje.
SERBIAN
Jesenja magla je bila gusta te noi, pa niko nita nije video. Od magle su se svi zvukovi stiali pa
niko nita nije uo. Zabrinuti ljudi su se okupljali na eleznikoj stanici ali nisu govorili. ekali
su povratak uenika i nastavnika sa kolskog izleta. Oekivali su decu u devet sati uvee, ali zbog
magle nisu bili sigurni da li e voz da zakasni ili ne. Nakon sat vremena zakanjenja, ljudi su
odjednom primetili voz kako stie izdaleka. Zabrinutost roditelja je nestala im su shvatili da e
se deca uskoro pojaviti. Deca su konano stigla na stanicu u deset i pedeset pet. Svi su se radovali
dolasku voza. Na kraju, kad su deca sila sa voza, svi su posve zaboravili strah i poli kui na
spavanje.
Make the italicized verbs in the passage above passive (and, if appropriate, impersonal; review p. 219
on the difference between passives and impersonals). Note that nearly all verbs in this passage will require
constructions with se. The only exceptions are impersonal sentences whose main verb is biti, and the verb
zaboraviti.
The railway of Bosnia and Herzegovina The railway of the Republic of Srpska
225
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
1. Kako se dolazi do tvoje kue? 1. Kako se dolazi do tvoje kue?
2. Ide se glavnom ulicom jedan kilometar. 2. Ide se glavnom ulicom jedan kilometar.
1. A onda? 1. A onda?
2. Onda treba skrenuti lijevo kod glavnog trga. 2. Onda treba skrenuti levo kod glavnog trga.
1. A kad skrenem lijevo, ta onda? 1. A kad skrenem levo, ta onda?
2. Onda treba ii ravno do sljedee ulice desno, 2. Onda treba ii pravo do sledee ulice desno,
i tu ui. i tu ui.
1. Koji je broj tvoje kue? 1. Koji je broj tvoje kue?
2. Broj 72. 2. Broj 72.
Give directions for how to get somewhere, using this exchange as a model.
B2
Working with each other in class, turn each sentence into an impersonal sentence with se. Then translate
the resulting sentence into English (note that sentences such as these can often be translated in several
ways). Read through the examples carefully before doing the exercise.
Example 1 (present tense)
Ljudi govore da me vara. becomes
Govori se da me vara.
[NB, this is the title of a popular song sung by Zvonko Bogdan.]
Possible translations: They say that you are cheating on me.
It is being said that you are cheating on me.
Rumor has it that you are cheating on me.
Example 2 (past tense with transitive verb)

[B] Rado smo itali njen roman.
[C] Rado smo itali njezin roman.
[S] .
becomes
[B] Njen roman se rado itao.
[C] Njezin roman se rado itao.
[S] .
Possible translations: People enjoyed reading her novel.
Her novel was being eagerly read.
Example 3 (past tense example with intransitive verb)

U osam sati mnogi ljudi su ili kolima u grad. becomes
[B,C] U osam sati ilo se kolima u grad.
[S] .
Possible translation: There was a lot of automobile traffic going into town at eight o'clock.
226
1. [B] Oni govore o njegovom poslu.
[C] Oni govore o njegovu poslu.
[S] .
2. [B,C] Svi danas priaju o tom novom filmu.
[S] .
3. [B,C] Idemo ovom ulicom do tvoje kue.
[S] .
4. [B,C] On a kae da je vani hladno.
[S] .
5. [B,C] Radimo kako treba.
[S] .
6. [B,C] On e znaju sve o njihovim problemima.
[S] .
7. [B] efovi razmiljaju o tome ta e sutra novine da piu.
[C] efovi razmiljaju o tome to e sutra novine pisati.
[S] .
8. [B,C] Ljudi su razgovarali o nama.
[S] .
9. [B] Vozovi su ili brzo.
[C] Vlakovi su ili brzo.
[S] .
10. [B,C] Svi su sluali najnoviju pjesmu.
[S] .
Tricky translation: In the early 1990s, one of the Croatian political parties, the Hrvatska Demokratska
Zajednica (Croatian Democratic Union), made wide use of the slogan Zna se, HDZ. It would be possible to
translate this slogan into English as It is known the HDZ, or even One knows the HDZ (that is, as
an impersonal passive). But a more natural English translation would be Everybody knows: the HDZ.
B3
Working with each other in class, rewrite each sentence below so that it contains a passive participle. Then
translate the resulting sentence into English.
1. Uredili smo sobu bez tvoje pomoi.

2. Kupio je tri knjige.
3. Uzeli su njegovu torbu.
4. Videla [E] Videla [J] sam ga.
5. Popili smo pet piva.
6. Gospodin Kova je napisao pismo Gospoi Brki.
227
B4
Working with each other in class, turn each sentence below into a passive sentence with se and then
translate the resulting sentence into English.
1. Vidjeli smo visoku zgradu tamo. 1. .

2. Gledali smo film. 2. .
3. Popili su au vode. 3. .
4. Sklonila je stvari sa stola. 4. .
5. Kolega je sino obradio materijale. 5. .
B5
Redo the following (slightly adapted) version of 7A1, replacing verbs by impersonals and se- passives.

1. ta jede za doruak? eli 1. to jede za doruak? eli 1. ta jede za doruak? Da li
li jesti? Mogu neto da li jesti? Mogu neto eli da jede? Mogu neto da
spremim za tebe. spremiti za tebe. spremim za tebe.
2. Obino jedem pahuljice. 2. Obino jedem pahuljice. 2. Obino jedem pahuljice.
1. Sa im ih sprema? 1. S im ih sprema? 1. Sa im ih sprema?
2. Sa mlijekom i eerom. 2. S mlijekom i eerom. 2. Sa mlekom i eerom.
1. esto dorukujem crni 1. esto dorukujem crni 1. esto dorukujem crni hleb
hljeb sa svjeim sirom i kruh sa svjeim sirom i sa sveim sirom i zelenom
zelenom paprikom. zelenom paprikom. paprikom.
2. A ta pije? 2. A to pije? 2. A ta pije?
1. Uvijek pijem kafu sa 1. Uvijek pijem kavu s toplim 1. Uvek pijem kafu sa toplim
toplim mlijekom. mlijekom. mlekom.
2. Ja pijem aj bez iega. 2. Ja pijem aj bez iega. 2. Ja pijem aj bez iega.
1. Kako moe piti takav aj? 1. Kako moe piti takav aj? 1. Kako moe da pije takav
2. Naravno da mogu. 2. Naravno da mogu. aj?
2. Naravno da mogu.
B6
Pair up with another student, and retell together, in the form of indirect narration, one or more of the
following exercises: 1A3, 1A4, 2A1, 2A2, 2A3, 2A4.
Example: 1A1 in the form of indirect narration

1. Broj jedan pozdravlja broj dva.
2. Broj dva pita broj jedan ko [B,S] tko [C] je.
1. Broj jedan odgovara da je student i da se zov e ......... .
2. Broj dva kae da se zov e ......... .
Note: At this point it will be helpful to review the rules of clitic ordering on p. 86. The basic rule of thumb
is that all clitics in a subordinate clause must immediately follow da. For example:
Broj jedan kae da JE student
Broj dva kae da SE zove ......... .
228
C1
The following review exercise is best done as at least three separate assignments. Teachers and self-study
learners should choose the order which best corresponds to their needs for review.
Give the following information for each verb below

a) its meaning (translate it into English)
b) its aspect (state whether it is perfective or imperfective)
c) its verb type (using the categories given on p. 142 and in Appendix 9)
[Note that the infinitive odvesti is listed twice: these are two separate verbs!]
Then for each verb give the following forms
d) present verbal adverb (for imperfectives) or past verbal adverb (for perfectives)
e) passive participle (do this only for verbs marked with *)
ekati nai* opisati * popiti * razumjeti staviti *

dati nalaziti se oprati * popraviti * rei * stavljati
davati * napasti * oseati posluiti * reavati studirati *
doi napisati * osjeati postavljati * reiti * stvarati *
drati napuniti * ostati postaviti * rjeavati sumnjati
govoriti naruiti * otii potovati * rijeiti * sviati se
gubiti nauiti * padati pozdraviti * sanjati * toiti *
hteti navratiti pasti poznavati seati se trajati
htjeti nervirati se pisati * pozvati * setiti se uiti *
ii nestati piti * preporuiti * sipati * umivati se
ispadati obavestiti * plaiti * priati sjeati se urediti *
ispriati * obavijestiti* poeti * probuditi * sjetiti se uzeti *
izai obeati * poinjati proitati * skloniti * uzimati *
izbrisati * objasniti* poi prodavati slag ati se uivati
izgledati obraditi * podeliti * proglasiti * sleg ati veerati
izii oceniti * podijeliti * prokockati * slijeg ati voziti *
iznajmiti * ocenjivati pogledati * propustiti * slati vraati se
javiti * ocijeniti * pogledati provesti * sluati vratiti *
javljati se ocjenjiv ati pojaviti se pruiti * skrenuti * zaboraviti *
kazati * oekiv ati * pojesti* pustiti smatrati * zakljuiti *
kruiti * odgovarati pokloniti * puiti smetati zamoliti *
kuhati * odigrati * pokuati * putovati smeti zaraivati
kupiti * odlaziti polagati raditi * smjeti zavrav ati
kupovati odluiti * polaziti razbuditi se spremati zavriti *
kuvati * odneti * poloiti * razgovarati spremiti * znaiti
leati odnijeti * pomagati razmisliti * spustiti * iveti
misliti * odvesti * pomoi razmiljati stajati ivjeti
moliti * odvesti * ponuditi * razumeti stanovati
Forbidden to lean out the window
229
C2
Which of the sentences below contain which of the following forms?
a) passive participles b) present verbal adverbs c) past verbal adverbs d) impersonal or passive se.
Mark the sentences appropriately. Then translate each sentence into English.
1. [B,C] Kako je ran ije reeno, doruak bez novina nije pravi doruak.
[S] , .
2. [B,C] Kako se kae bioskop na hrvatskom?
[S] ?
3. [B] Kupivi nove olovke i tek e, pola je na prvi dan kole.
[C] Kupivi nove olovke i biljenice, pola je na prvi dan kole.
[S] , .
4. [B,C] Postavljajui pitanja, aci saznaju odgovore.
[S] , .
5. [B,C] Stvarajui probleme, ljudi ih rjeavaju.
[S] , .
6. [B,C] Ako e se panjolski jezik uiti kako treba, studenti trebaju svaki dan pisati domae zadae.
[S] , e .
7. [B] Mlijeko je pop ito, hljeb je pojeden, ali jo ima jabuka.
[C] Mlijeko je pop ito, kruh je pojeden, ali jo ima jabuka.
[S] je, , .
8. [B,C] Gospoa je eljela biti ljubazna, ponudivi gospodina s kolaem.
[S] , .
C3
Translate these sentences into B, C, or S. Write two versions each for sentences 8 and 10, one which
suggests that the idea is purely hypothetical (you will never be a mechanic, or it is impossible to eat your
dinner in ten minutes), and the other which suggests that these things could actually happen.
1. Having written the letter, I put it into an envelope.

2. Having contacted her customers, the manager answered their questions.
3. The lawyer, thinking about something, forgot to finish reading his newspaper.
4. All worries were forgotten when the exam was finished.
5. The flowers were purchased, the coffee drunk, and the friends were driven home.
6. A hand was offered.
7. To make tea, first you boil the water, then you pour it over the tea, then you wait three to five
minutes. Add sugar and milk at the end as you wish.
8. If I were a mechanic, I would be kind to my customers.
9. Would you be so kind as to pour me a glass of juice?
10. If we were to finish eating our dinner quickly, we would arrive at the theater at 7:30.
230
C4
On the internet, find the website of one or more of the newspapers listed below, and search under Crna
hronika [B,S] Crna kron ika [C]. Choose an article of roughly 100-200 words and print it out. Then make a
list of the passive participles, impersonal se-constructions, and verbal past and present adverbs you find.
For each of these, state the infinitive of the verb it is formed from and its aspect. Finally, translate the
article into English.
Bosanske dnevne novine

Dnevni Avaz Osloboenje
Crnogorske dnevne novine

Dan Glas Crnogorca Pobjeda
Hrv atske dnevne novine

Vjesnik Veernji list Jutarnji list Novi list
Glas Istre Glas Slavonije Slobodna Dalmacija
Srpske dnevne novine

Borba, Politika Dnevne novosti Danas
Newspaper kiosk, Rijeka
231
VOCABULARY
j ? is it worth anything? a to rain cats and dogs (I)

only , [B,S] to observe (I)
to drip (I) , to go on standing (P)
, to pour (I) , to stop (P)
Mars , [C] to observe (I)
the Belgrade to drizzle (I)
Palace building
, , , , a... .
,
: ?
.
.
Retell the aphorism in your own words. Start with the words: Duan Radovi kae da je kia ........
Palata Beograd is the name of the building from where Duan Radovi broadcast his morning radio show
Beograde, Dobro jutro!, the venue where these aphorisms were first heard. The studio was on the 16th
floor of the building, which gave him a sweeping view of the city.
Pria: Bazdulj
Read Part III of the story Ljubav na panjolski nain by Muharem Bazdulj (p. 349).
232
A1 Use the DVD in the slipcase at the back of the book.
RJENIK [J] RENIK [E]
brzina speed poleteti, poletim to fly off (P)

astiti to treat (I/P) poletjeti, poletim to fly off (P)
uven, uvena famous ponajvie most of all
daljina distance posetilac, posetioca visitor
dubina depth posjetilac, posjetioca visitor
duet, dueta duet poeleti, poelim to wish for (P)
dvostruk double, twofold poeljeti, poelim to wish for (P)
egzibicija show pretvarati se, pretvaram se to pretend (I)
ekavica ekavian prevariti to deceive, to trick (P)
gledalac, gledaoca [B,C,S] spectator pritom in so doing
gledatelj [C] spectator proleni [B,S] spring (adj.)
igra [B,S] dance proljetni [C] spring (adj.)
igrati [B,S] to dance pronai, pronaem [B,S] to invent
ijekavica ijekavian propeler, propelera propeller
iskoristiti to use, to exploit (P) proraditi, proradim to start functioning (P)
istovremen simultaneous radostan, radosna joyous
izjadati se to complain (P) rastuiti se, rastuim se to become sad (P)
izumjeti, izumijem [B,C] to invent (P) razveseliti to cheer [someone] (P)
izvoditi, izvodim to perform (I) reiser, reisera [film] director
jednoduan, jednoduna unanimous roaka female relative
kapa cap snaan, snana powerful
leteti, letim to fly (I) spreman, spremna prepared
letjeti, letim to fly (I) spremanje cleaning
letenje flight srce heart
ljubak, ljupka cute svriti, svrim to end, to finish (P)
ljubimac, ljubimca favorite, pet aljiv jocular, joking
misaon thought-related taka [B,S] [performance] number
moriti to torment (I) talas [B,S] wave
naime namely toka [C] [performance] number
napustiti, napustim to abandon tuga sorrow
neobian, neobina unusual tugovati, tugujem to grieve (I)
no but u [name] + Gen belonging to
obnoviti, obnovim to renew (P) uzalud in vain
odleteti, odletim to fly away (P) v. see [abbr. for vidi]
odletjeti, odletim to fly away (P) val, valovi [B,C] wave
ostrvo [S] island vazduh [B,S] air
otok [B,C] island veselje merriment
petnaesti fifteenth vinuti se, vinem se to soar (P)
pingvin, pingvina penguin za + Instr for, after
pingvinski penguin (adj.) za uzvrat in return
ples [B,C] dance zadiv iti, zadivim to thrill (P)
plesati, pleem [B,C] to dance (I) zadiv ljen admiring
poistiti to clean up (P) zooloki vrt zoo
podignuti [podii], podignem to lift, raise (P) zov call
pohvaliti se, pohvalim se to boast (P) zrak [B,C] air
polarno more polar sea
233
Crtani film: PINGVIN CHARLIE
pria: Hanna Kraatz
reiser: B. Kolar
U Baltazar-gradu nalazio se lijepi zooloki vrt. A u njemu Pingvin Charlie ljubimac

svih posjetilaca. Charlie je bio uvijek spreman da razveseli gledaoce svojim aljivim plesom.
Pritom je tono znao to je kome najdrae. Pa je upravo to i izvodio. Charlie se radovao svakome,
no najradije je plesao za profesora Baltazara, a on bi ga za uzvrat astio limunadom s puno, puno
leda.
Meutim Charliea je u dubini srca morio teki problem. On naime nije mogao letjeti.
Gledajui svoje roake ptice kako lete, Charlie je svaki put poelio da se vine u zrak, ali je to
uvijek alosno svrilo! Saznavi za njegovu tugu, ostale su se ptice pretvarale kao da i same ne
znaju letjeti. No sve je bilo uzalud. Charlie je i dalje tugovao.
Jednoga dana izjadao se profesoru Baltazaru. Baltazar je shvatio da mu mora pomoi.
Profesor Baltazar izumio je neobinu leti-kapu. im ju je Charlie stavio na glavu, proradio je
propeler i podigao ga je u zrak! Kapa je nai me radila na misaone valove, a elja za letenjem u
Charliea bila je tako snana, da je propeler radio punom brzinom. Cijelog dana Charlie je izvodio
egzibicije pred zadivljenim roakama, a kad je pala no poao je umoran na spavanje.
Iz dana u dan letio je sve bolje. Navratio je i do profesora Baltazara da mu se pohvali.
Charlie je osjetio zov daljina. Letio je sve dalje i dalje, ak i preko mora. No uvijek se
vraao na vrijeme za spavanje. A onda je doao dan velikog proljetnog spremanja u zoolokom
vrtu, kad on ostaje zatvoren da bi se sve moglo poistiti, urediti i obnoviti. Charlie je to iskoristio
da odleti jo dalje, gdje jo nikada nije bio. Odletio je i vie se nije vratio!
Svi su se rastuili, a ponajvie profesor Baltazar. Zato je poletio da ga pronae.
Na ao ga je daleko usred polarnog mora na jednom malom otoku Pingvinske zemlje. A s
njim je bila i arlota, ljupka pingvinka! Charlie je naao ljubav svoga ivota i nije ju htio
napustiti. A kako arlota nije mogla letjeti... E tu se Charlie prevario! Radosno su svi poletjeli
natrag u Baltazar-grad! U gradu, u vrtu, veselju nije bilo kraja! A Charlie i arlota su sada plesali
svoju uvenu toku u duetu, to je bilo i dvostruko ljepe, po jednodunom miljenju cijelog
Baltazar-grada.
Classroom students and self-study learners alike: First watch Pingvin Charlie twice without
reading the written version of the story given above. Then read the story through carefully. Now, watch the
cartoon two more times, the first time without consulting the written version, the second time while
consulting it. Watch the cartoon a final time without the text.
234
zGRAMMAR
* Aspect choice and verbal meaning *
Any one verb carries not only its dictionary meaning, but also the meaning added by the choice of verbal
aspect. When a speaker uses an imperfective verb, s/he chooses to indicate one of three basic ideas: that the
action is currently ongoing, that it is frequently repeated, or that it is a general fact. Examples of imper-
fective verbs are on je i dalje tugovao he continued to grieve (ongoing), on je plesao za profesora he
danced for the professor (repeated), and tamo se nalazio lijepi vrt a lovely garden was located there
(general fact). [145a] When a speaker uses a perfective verb, the most frequent intended meaning is of a
single, self-contained (usually completed) action. Examples of perfective verbs are shvatio je da mu mora
pomoi he realized that he had to help him, izum io je neobinu leti-kapu he invented an unusual flying
cap, and proradio je propeler the propeller began to work. A perfective verb can also denote a repeated
action if there is sufficient emphasis on the fact that the action was completed each time. For example, the
perfective verbs in svaki put je poelio da se vine u zrak, ali je to uvijek alosno svrilo each refer to
repeated instances of a single completed action: each time he wanted (= had a desire) to rise up into the air
but it always (= every time) ended unhappily. [145b]
* Aspect and narrative *

Aspect choice also carries a meaning beyond the level of an individual sentence. Whenever past events are
narrated as a connected series of, the choice of aspect functions to organize the narrative. Verbs which
advance the action are almost always perfective, while those which set the scene and describe the
background against which the action occurs are almost always imperfective. Most narratives begin with a
section which sets the place, introduces characters, and describes their normal actions all with verbs in the
imperfective aspect. Once the background has been established, the central action of the story begins,
frequently introduced by a phrase such as jednoga dana... followed by a verb in the perfective aspect (one
day [something happened].). Backgrounded narration can also be related in the present tense. This usage,
called the historic present, is much more frequent in BCS than in English, and is considered excellent
literary style. [145c]
* Sve plus the comparative *

When the form sve is followed by a comparative adjective or adverb, it refers to a gradual and steady
increase of the attribute in question. Thus the phrase sve bolje means better and better, and the phrase sve
vie means more and more. [114a]
235
A2
ama ba nita absolutely nothing prepriati, prepriam to retell, to narrate (P)

budue vreme future tense preraditi, preradim to rework, to redo (P)
budue vrijeme future tense preteak, preteka too difficult
istraivati, istraujem to explore, to research (I) reen ica sentence
izraz expression sopstven [B,S] own
jedan po jedan one by one stati, stanem to start (P)
nijed an, nijedna not a single one tiina silence
oblik form unositi, unosim to enter, to inscribe (I)
ponaosob individually uraditi, uradim [B,S] to do [and complete] (P)
poruka message uzbuenje excitement
postaviti to pose, to place (P) vlastit [B,C] own
KONTROLNI TEST
Bosnian Croatian
Na asu za vrijeme kontrolnog: Na satu za vrijeme kontrolnoga:
1. Tiina! Piite! Nemojte stati i nemojte priati 1. Tiina! Piite! Nemojte stati i nemojte priati
........ sa ........ (jedni drugi). Svako od vas ........ s ........ (jedni drugi). Svatko od vas
neka sam uradi vlastiti kontrolni. neka sam pie vlastiti kontrolni.
2. Ali profesore, imamo pitanja. Sve u svemu 2. Ali profesore, imamo pitanja. Sve u svemu
nismo ama ba nita razumjeli. nismo ama ba nita razumjeli.
1. Ako imate pitanja, pitajte mene, a ne ........ 1. Ako imate pitanja, pitajte mene, a ne ........
(jedan drugi). (jedan drugi).
2. Ne razumijemo nijedno pitanje. ........ (Sva 2. Ne razumijemo nijedno pitanje. ........ (Sva
pitanja) su nam (preteak). pitanja) su nam (preteak).
1. Molim vas, pogledajte bolje. Od ........ (sva 1. Molim vas, pogledajte bolje. Od ........ (sva
pitanja), prva etiri uopte nisu teka. pitanja), prva etiri uope nisu teka.
2. Tano, ali sa ........ (sva ostala) imamo 2. Tono, ali sa ........ (sva ostala) imamo
ozbiljne probleme. ozbiljne probleme.
1. U redu. Razgovarat u s vama ponaosob, ali 1. U redu. Razgovarat u s vama ponaosob, ali
nemojte razgovarati ........ sa ........ (jedni nemojte razgovarati ........ s ........ (jedni
drugi). drugi).
2. Namjeravamo slati poruke od ........ do ........ 2. Namjeravamo slati poruke od ........ do ........
(jedni drugi). Moe li tako? (jedni drugi). Moe li tako?
1. Ne moe, ve svi vi morate jedan po jedan 1. Ne moe, ve svi vi morate jedan po jedan
doi do mene sa ........ (sva svoja pitanja). Ne doi k meni sa ........ (sva svoja pitanja). Ne
zaboravite! Imate svega jo pet minuta do zaboravite! Imate svega jo pet minuta do
kraja kontrolnog. kraja kontrolnoga.
2. Studentski ivot, u ........ (sva svoja ljepota), 2. Studentski ivot, u ........ (sva svoja ljepota),
uvijek je pun uzbuenja! uvijek je pun uzbuenja!
236
Serbian
:
1. ! ! ........ ........ ( ).
.
2. , . .
1. , , ........ ( ).
2. . ........ ( ) ().
1. , . ........ ( ), .
2. , ........ ( ) .
1. . a , ........ ........ (
).
2. ........ ........ ( ). ?
1. , e ........ ( ).
! .
2. , ........ ( ), je !
Fill in the blanks the appropriate forms of the words or phrases in parentheses.
zGRAMMAR
* Each other *
The English phrase each other is translated into BCS in two different ways. One is with a se-verb, as in
oni se vole they are in love (= they love each other), or oni se stalno svaaju they are constantly arguing
[with one another]. [126] The other is with the phrase jedan drugi (singular) or jedni drugi (plural). Jedan
drugi refers to two persons (or objects) while jedni drugi refers to groups of persons or objects. One must
take care in translating English sentences such as they help each other, since BCS must specify whether
they refers only to two persons, as in oni pomau jedan drugome, or to a larger group, as in on i pomau
jedni drugima. The second component of this phrase is in whatever case the sentence requires. For instance,
the verb in pomau jedan drugome requires the dative, whereas the prepositions in ulaze jedan za drugim
they enter in succession [= one after another] and sede [E] sjede [J] udaljeni jedan od drugoga they are
sitting apart from one another, require the instrumental and the genitive, respectively. The first component
of the phrase (jedan or jedni) is usually in the nominative, but not always. For instance, it is the object of a
preposition in the phrase slati poruke od jednih do drugih to send messages to one another. [160]
* Stati *
The perfective verb stati has several quite different meanings. It has been seen already (p. 166) in the
meaning stop, and is seen on the next page (sentence 5) in the meaning start. In the first meaning it is
frequently used alone (as in stani! stop!). In the second meaning, it is followed by an imperfective verb
denoting the action which is beginning, as in stati ispitivati to begin testing / examining. [101]
* Sav all, sve everything, and svi everyone *

The pronominal adjective sav means all, the
entire. The forms sve and svi (given in Singular Plural
capital letters in the chart) do double duty: masc. neut. fem. masc. neut. fem.
they can either modify nouns (that is, act as
Nom sav SVE sva SVI sva sve
adjectives) or stand alone as pronouns. The
Acc (N / G) sve svu sve sva sve
Nsg neuter pronoun sve means everything,
Gen svega svega sve svih svih svih
and the Npl masculine pronoun svi means
Dat/Loc svemu svemu svoj svim svim svim
everyone [36b, 91b] as in sve je bilo dobro
Instr svim svim svom svim svim svim
everything was all right, and svi su bili
tuni everyone was sad.
Note: in addition to the forms in the chart, there is the shorter form svem, and the longer form svima
(see Appendix 4, p. 327).
237
Starting with this lesson, instructions for the B exercises are given in B, C, and S.
B1
[B] Evo pitanja koja treba da postavite jedni drugima.
Potrebne rijei ete nai u rjeniku kod vjebe A2
[C] Evo pitanja koja trebate postaviti jedni drugima.

Potrebne rijei ete nai u rjeniku kod vjebe A2
[S] .
2.
1. [B,C] Gdje stanuje Pingvin Charlie na poetku, u sredini, i na kraju crtanog filma?
[S] , , ?
2. [B,C] ime se bavi Pingvin Charlie, a ime profesor Baltazar?
[S] , ?
3. [B,C] Zato je Pingvin Charlie tuan dok ivi sam u zoolokom vrtu?
[S] ?
4. [B,C] Kako su mu htjele pomoi njegove roake ptice s jedne stran e, a profesor Baltazar
s druge?
[S] e e e ,
a ?
5. [B] ta se dogodilo im je Charlie stao ispitivati radosti letenja?
[C] to se dogodilo im je Charlie stao ispitivati radosti letenja?
[S] ?
6. [B,C] Kako su se osjeali svi u Baltazar-gradu kad je Charlie odletio?
[S] - ?
238
7. [B] im je dobio leti-kapu od profesora Baltazara, Charlie je mogao odletjeti bilo kuda.
Zbog ega je poao ba na polarno more?
[C] im je dobio leti-kapu od profesora Baltazara, Charlie je mogao odletjeti bilo kamo.
Zbog ega je poao ba na polarno more?
[S] - ,
. ?
8. [B,C] Kako se osjeao profesor Baltazar kad je Charlie otiao?
[S] ?
9. [B] Kuda je zatim otiao profesor Baltazar, i zato?
[C] Kamo je zatim otiao profesor Baltazar, i zato?
[S] , ?
10. [B] Tko je arlota i odakle je?
[C] Ko je arlota i odakle je?
[S] ?
11. [B,C] Kako je uspio profesor Baltazar vratiti Charliea i arlotu u Baltazar-grad?
[S] -?
12. [B] ta je bilo novo u zoolokom vrtu nakon toga?
[C] to je bilo novo u zoolokom vrtu nakon toga?
[S] ?
B2
[B,S] Prepriajte Pingvin a Charliea u svojoj sopstvenoj verziji.
[C] Prepriajte Pingvina arlija u svojoj vlastitoj verziji.
239
B3
[B,C] Prepriajte vjebe 3A2, 3A3, 3A4, 4A2, 4A3, 4A4 u parovima.
[S] 3A2, 3A3, 3A4, 4A2, 4A3, 4A4 .
B4
Prevedite ove reen ice na engleski.
1. Ostale su se ptice pretvarale kao da i same ne znaju letjeti.
2. [B,C] Pingvin Charlie se pretvarao kao da mu je svejedno leti li ili ne.
[S] Pingvin arli se pretvarao kao da mu je svejedno da li leti ili ne.
3. Govori mu kao da razumije o emu se radi!
4. [B,C] Zar ima pingvina koji mogu letjeti kao da su ptice?
[S] Zar ima pingvina koji mogu da lete kao da su ptice?
5. [B] Zbog ega su se pretvarali kao da ne znaju bosansku gramatiku?
[C] Zbog ega su se pretvarali kao da ne znaju hrvatsku gramatiku?
[S] Zbog ega su se pretvarali kao da ne znaju srpsku gramatiku?
6. [B] im ju je vidio, Charlie je znao da mu je arlota ljubav njegovog ivota.
[C] im ju je vidio, Charlie je znao da mu je arlota ljubav njegova ivota.
[S] im ju je video, arli je znao da mu je arlota ljubav njegovog ivota.
B5
Self-study learners: Watch a film in B, C, or S
See suggestions at http://www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org/Textbook/movies.shtml)
or find another cartoon about Profesor Baltazar
(relevant links at http://www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org/Textbook/baltazar.shtml)
240
C1
There are many places in the text of PINGVIN CHARLIE where a verb, phrase or preposition requires a
particular case. In the text below, first translate the words in parentheses, and then use the story as a model
to put them into the case required by each sentence.
Example: Charlie se radovao ........ ........ . (all the birds) becomes

Charlie se radovao svim pticama.
1. ........ ........ (one day) Pingvin Charlie se izjadao ........ ........ ........ (his best friend).
2. U zoolokom vrtu Pingvin Charlie je bio ljubimac ........ ........ (of all the viewers).
3. Dok je Charlie astio profesora Baltazara ........ (dance), profesor Baltazar je astio Charliea
........ (orange juice).
4. Profesor Baltazar je shvatio da treba pomoi ........ (arlota).
5. ........ (All day) Charlie je ples ao pred ........ ........ ........ (admiring people of Baltazar-town).
6. arlota se pohvalila ........ ........ (other penguins) na otoku ........ ........ (in the polar sea) da ide
u Baltazar-grad.
7. [S] Charlie i arlota su bili ........ (prepared) leteti sve bolje.

[B,C] Charlie i arlota su bili ........ (prepared) letjeti sve bolje.
8. Kad su se vratili u zooloki vrt ........ (dance) nije bil o kraja.
C2
Analyze the grammar of the Pingvin Charlie story (A1). For each verb, state whether it is imperfective (I)
or perfective (P), and explain the meaning of the aspect in each particular instance: why is that aspect
chosen rather than the other? Then identify all the verbal nouns, passive participles, and verbal adverbs
(marking them as VN, PP, and VA, respectively).
C3
Translate these sentences into B, C, or S:
1. All in all, this animated film is funnier than that one.

2. In all her joy, she forgot what she said.
3. Everyone who watched the film became sad.
4. The merriment lasted until the next morning.
5. They studied all day, however they didnt learn the poem by heart.
6. He saw her.
241
C4
Together with another student from your class, compose a short conversation (100 words) on one of the
three themes below, and then perform it in class.
Self-study learners: compose two conversations, one from the point of view of one participant (or set of
participants) and another from the point of view of the other(s).
1. [B,C] Razgovor izmeu profesora Baltazara i Charliea o tome kako se Charlie eli vinuti u
zrak, a ne moe.
[S]
, .
2. [B,C] Razgovor izmeu Charliea i arlote u trenutku kad ona treba prvi put poletjeti, i vratiti se
s Charlieom u Baltazar-grad.
[S] ,
-.
3. [B] Razgovor izmeu Charliea i arlote s jedne stran e i ljudi u Baltazar-gradu s druge strane
poslije njihovog povratka.
[C] Razgovor izmeu Charliea i arlote s jedne stran e i ljudi u Baltazar-gradu s druge strane
poslije njihova povratka.
[S] a -
.
Pria: Bazdulj
Proitati etvrti dio iz prie Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharema Bazdulja (str. 350).
Proitati etvrti deo iz prie Ljub av na panjolski nain Muharema Bazdulja (str. 350).
242
A1
administracija administration poduzeti, poduzmem [B,C] to undertake (P)

anketa survey poneti, ponesem to take (P)
baciti, bacim to throw (P) ponijeti, ponesem to take (P)
udo; uda or udesa miracle, wonder ponosan, ponosna proud
divna li uda what a miracle postavljati to pose (I)
dnevna soba living room posuditi, posudim to borrow (P)
dopadati se to be appealing to (I) potruditi se, potrudim se to make an effort (P)
dospeti, dospijem to arrive at (P) preduzeti, to undertake (P)
dospjeti, dospijem to arrive at (P) preduzmem [B,S]
ekipa crew prihvatiti to accept (P)
festival, festivala festival prilika opportunity
i tako dalje (abbr. itd.) and so forth, etcetera projekat, projekta [S] project
interesirati, to interest (I) projekt [B,C] project
interesiram [B,C] rezervirati, rezerviram [C] to reserve (I/P)
interesovati, to interest (I) rezervisati, to reserve (I/P)
interesujem [B,S] rezerviem [B,S]
jedno approximately skoknuti, skoknem to hop (P)
kino-dvorana cinema hall smisliti to devise (P)
komotan, komotna comfortable sprovesti, sproved em to conduct (P)
korak step sroiti, sroim to compose (P)
krcat crammed, packed stipendija stipend, scholarship
lenj, len ja [S] lazy stipendiranje funding
lijen [B,C] lazy stran foreign
mogunost, -osti (f) possibility sudjelovati, to participate (I)
nabaviti to obtain (P) sudjeljujem [B,C]
ne budi lenj [S] not to be lazy esnaesti sixteenth
ne budi lijen [B,C] not to be lazy teret burden
nekakav, nekakva some kind of toliko so much
niiji no ones trea godina junior year
nije bogzna ta isnt much (God knows) uestvovati, uestvujem [S] to participate (I)
nije ni za baciti [its] not to be sneezed at ulaznica entrance ticket
odavno a long time ago upoznati to get to know (P)
odgledati to view all (P) vein a majority
odobriti, odobrim to approve (P) video VCR
odsek university department videoteka video store
odsjek university department zadnji last, furthest back
odsesti, odsjednem to be a guest (P) zainteresiran [B,C] interested
odsjesti, odsjednem to be a guest (P) zainteresovan [B,S] interested
plan plan
243
PISMO O DOLASKU NA FILMSKI FESTIVAL
Dragi moji tetko i tee! 5. april 2005.g.

Prvo da vas pozdravim od tate i mame i Majde. Svi smo dobro, i nadam se da ste i vi
dobro. Kao to sigurno ve znate, studiram film na jednom koledu u naem gradu, i budui da
sam bio ponekad i vrijedan, dospio sam ak i do tree godine!
Na mom odsjeku se pojavila mogunost stipendiranja studenata koji ponude zanimljive
projekte. A ja ti, ne budi lijen, sjednem pa smislim mali projekti za ovo ljeto, i, divna li uda,
prihvatili su! Dae mi neto novaca, nije bogzna ta, ali nije ni za baciti, i evo me u Sarajevo k
vama! Prvo da vas pitam, smijem li kod vas odsjesti jedno dva mjeseca, od 1. jula do 1.
septembra? Spav au u dnevnoj sobi i na podu ako treba. Znam da nemate puno prostora. Pomoi
u vam oko svega, a sudjelovau i u trokovima oko hrane i drugih stvari. Ne elim vam biti na
teretu. Znam da vi tamo ne ivite tako komotno kao mi ovdje.
Plan mi je da skoknem do Motovuna na filmski festival krajem jula, a svakako moram
biti u Sarajevu za vrijeme sarajevskog festivala sredinom avgusta. Sroio sam nekakvu anketu,
odobrili su je ovdje u administraciji mog koleda, s pitanjima koja u postavljati raznim ljudima u
kafiima, na ulici, i tako dalje, o tome jesu li uopte gledali neki bosanski film, ako jesu, onda
koji, i koji im se najvie dopadao od onih koje su gledali i zbog ega.
Gledao sam ve odavno one uv ene kao to su Sjea li se Dolly Bell i Otac na
slubenom putu Emira Kusturice, i Savreni krug Ademira Kenovia. Ne mogu vam opisati
koliko smo svi mi koji smo iz Bosne u Americi bili ponosni kad je Tanovi dobio Oskara za
najbolji strani film za Niiju zemlju! Krcate su bile sve amerike kino-dvorane. Sad je krenuo
novi val bosanskih filmova, ali ih nisam imao priliku da gledam, pa se nadam dok sam u Sarajevu
kod vas da u ih moi barem posuditi iz videoteke ili od nekoga. Nadam se da imate video ili
DVD kod kue!
Ve sam preduzeo korake da nabavim ulaznice za sarajevski festival jer sam uo da se
teko nabave u zadnji as. Jeste li i vi zainteresovani? Mogu i za vas rezervisati ako vas
interesuje, preko interneta. I naravno, ako mi se prui prilika da upoznam neke reisere ili ljude iz
njihovih ekipa, nita ne bih imao protiv. Od mene se oekuje da sprovedem svoju anketu, i
odgledam veinu filmova na tim festivalima. Kada se vratim, moram o tome neto da napiem.
Eto, toliko za sad. Jako se radujem to u vas uskoro vidjeti!
Voli vas,
Dino
244
Photographs of Sarajevo
245
Amerika, Americi America planir ati, planiram to plan (I)

blagovaonica [C] dining room pomenuti [B,S] to mention (P)
cvrkutati, cvrkuem to chirp (I) povezivati, povezujem to connect (I)
uditi se to be amazed (I) predsoblje front hall
drugo other prost simple
igraka toy rasti, rastem to grow (I)
igrati se, igram se to play (I) rair iti, rairim to spread (P)
ispriati, ispriam to talk fully (P) razlika difference
kuhinja kitchen roeni close kin
kupaonica [C] bathroom sestrica little sister
kupatilo [B,S] bathroom spavaa soba bedroom
nekada once [in the past] spomenuti, spomenem [B,C] to mention (P)
nuditi to offer (I) sport [B,S] sports
obezbediti, obezbedim [S] to secure, port [C] sports
to provide (P) studij [course of] study
obezbijed iti, obezbijedim [B,S] to secure, toliko so many
to provide (P) trpezarija [B,S] dining room
obradovati, obradujem to delight (P) uglavnom mainly
Olimpijada Olympic Games ugostiti, ugostim to host (P)
omladina young people ukljuiti, ukljuim to turn on (P)
osetiti to feel (P) W.C. [B,C,S] (pron. ve-ce) toilet
osigurati [C] to secure, zagrliti to embrace (P)
to provide (P) zahod [C] toilet
osjetiti to feel (P) zapamtiti to remember (P)
ostava pantry, closet iv alive
ODGOVOR IZ SARAJEVA
Dragi na Dino,
Da samo zna koliko si nas obradovao svojim pismom i time to planira da doe. Prosto
ne moemo da vjerujemo da emo naeg Dinu opet nakon toliko godina vidjeti. Bio si mali kada
si s roditeljima otiao u Ameriku i, kako je onda, te davne 92. izgledalo, na poetku rata, mislili
smo da te moda vie nikada neemo vidjeti. Ali, eto, dao Bog, pa smo svi, i vi tamo i mi ovdje,
zdravi i ivi. Slike su i telefoni jedno, a drugo je zagrliti svoga i ugostiti ga, kao nekada, kada ni
slutiti nismo mogli da e do svega ovoga doi.
Sjedimo i itamo tvoje pismo, pa se sve udimo: na Dino na studiju za reisera. Kao da
te sada gledamo kako se sa sestricom Majdom igra, ovdje u trpezariji. Rairili igrake ispod
stola, pa sve neto cvrkuete. Kada ti je mama ovdje bila prije dvije godine, priala nam je o
svemu, kako rastete i u kakve kole idete. Rekla nam je da si vie za sport nego za knjigu, za
razliku od tvoje sestre, ali vidimo da si se naao u tome to studira i to nam je drago.
Dragi na Dino, ma kako moe i da pita moe li kod nas biti? Izgleda da je u Americi
to tako. Da i najroenijeg pita i nudi mu novac. Lijep o je to na to misli, ali si ti na, a ne neki
246
student podstanar. Mami pokai ta sam ti napisala, pa e vidjeti ta e ti rei. Samo ti nama
doi. I ovo je tvoj dom, a ne samo taj tamo u Americi.
Neke od filmova to si spomenuo gledali smo na televiziji. Video nikada nismo imali, a
to drugo, taj DVD, ja to ne bih znala ni ukljuiti. Ima to ovdje, mislim, jedan komija, pa
moemo kod njega da navratimo i gledamo.
Lijepo je to svoj studij povezuje s Bosnom. Mnogo se ovdje ovih godina filmova
snimilo, uglavnom o ratu. A i o emu bi drugom? Neka svijet i tako vidi i zapamti ta se
dogodilo.
Sarajevo je opet puno omladine i ivota, a za vrijeme festivala osjetimo da smo u centru
svijeta. Bilo je tako i za vrijeme Olimpijade. Ti se jo nisi bio ni rodio. to se karata tie, ne brini.
Imam ja jednog prijatelja koji jo radi na Televiziji. Novinar je i sigurno e imati ideju kako da ti
obezbijedimo karte.
Bilo bi jo mnogo toga o emu bismo ti rado pisali. Imaemo vremena da se o svemu
ispriamo. Javi nam kada tano stie.
Puno vas sve volimo!

Tetka i tetak
The apartment of Dinos aunt and uncle
247
A2
adresa address postdiplomski studij [B,S] graduate study

boraviti to stay (I) posvetiti, posvetim to dedicate (P)
itaonica reading room potovan respected, esteemed
dogodine next year potovanje respect, esteem
dopustiti, dopustim to permit (P) predati to submit (P)
financiranje [C] financial support preuraniti to act too soon (P)
finansir anje [B,S] financial support pribaviti to get hold of (P)
folklor, folklora folklore privatna soba private room
formular, formular a form proputovati, proputujem to travel through (P)
gostovati, gostujem to be a guest (I) provesti, provedem to carry out (P)
hostel hostel putem by means of
informacija information rad piece of writing
instanca institution referada registrars office
iskaznica membership card smetaj accommodation
istraivanje research smjetaj accommodation
istraivaki research (adj.) smotra festival, review
izdav ati, izdajem to rent briefly (I) smotra folklora folklore festival
izvor source strunjak expert
izvorni original (adj.) stupiti, stupim to step (P)
jedini one and only stupiti u vezu to get in touch (P)
kogod someone [or other] sveuilini [C] university (adj.)
konac, konca end tema theme, topic
lokacija location temelj foundation
magistarski rad masters thesis terenski field [work] (adj.)
molba request, application tijekom [C] during
momentalno [B,S] at the moment tkogod [C] someone [or other]
nacionalni national tokom [B,S] during
najpre first of all tradicija tradition
najprije first of all trenutano [C] at the moment
obalni coastal trud effort
obratiti se, obratim se to turn to (P) turistika agen cija tourist agency
obzir consideration uiniti se, uini se to seem (P)
obzirom na or s obzirom na in regards to uloen invested
odgovoriti, odgovorim to answer (P) univerzitetski [B,S] university (adj.)
odgovarajui corresponding uostalom after all
okvirni approximate uputiti, uputim to direct [to] (P)
pokrenuti, pokrenem to start (P) zahvaljivati, zahvaljujem to thank (I)
posetiti to visit (P) zanima me [it] interests me
posjetiti to visit (P) zanimati, zan imam to interest (I)
poslijediplomski studij [C] graduate study
PISMO O ISTRAIVAKOM RADU U HRVATSKOJ
Potovani gospodine profesore,

Dopustite mi da se najprije predstavim. Studentica sam na poslijediplomskom studiju
slavistike na sveuilitu u Indiani i odluila sam da svoj magistarski rad posvetim hrvatskoj
knjievnosti. Trenutano sluam predav anja kod profesora Jeguljia, koji mi je i dao Vae ime i
248
adresu, i preporuio mi da Vam se ob ratim. Nai me, id ueg bih ljeta rado dola na Va fakultet i
provela istraivanje na temu iva tradicija usmene knjievnosti danas u Hrv atskoj. Ovo bi
istraivanje bilo temelj mojega magistarskog rada. Na Vaem bih fakultetu bila mjesec dan a, od
15. svibnja do 15. lipnja, a potom bih proputovala kroza sve krajeve Hrv atske (svakako
namjeravam posjetiti obalna podruja Primorja i Dalmacije, Dalmatinsku zagoru, Posavinu,
istonu Slavoniju i Istru). Tijekom ovoga terenskog rada, koji bi trajao do konca srpnja, snimala
bih razne vrste ive usmene knjievnosti. Na kraju bih posjetila i Smotru folklora u Zagrebu.
The pavilion in the Zrinjevac Promenade, often used as a stage

during the Folklore Festival every July in Zagreb
Imala bih nekoliko molbi. Prvo, bila bih Vam veoma zahvalna kad biste mi pomogli da pronaem
smjetaj dok sam u Zagrebu. Ne znam ima li Va fakultet osiguran smjetaj za strane studente
koji kod Vas gostuju; ako nema, moete li mi preporuiti neku turistiku agenciju koja izdaje
privatne sobe? Najradije bih stanovala kod kakve obitelji ili pak u studentskom domu, ali ako to
nije mogue, mogla bih spav ati i u hostelu.
Budui da je tema moga istraivanja iz podruja kojim se i Vi ve due vrijeme bavite,
zanima me biste li mi mogli preporuiti nekoliko lokacija gdje bih mogla snimiti izvorni
materijal. Moda trenutano i neki odsjeci na Vaemu fakultetu rade na slinim projektima? Ako
da, koji su to odsjeci i kome da se na tim odsjecima obratim? Da li da im se javim telefonom,
pismom ili pak putem interneta?
Moete li mi Vi ili tkogod u referadi Vaeg fakulteta pribaviti iskaznicu za Nacionalnu i
sveuilinu knjinicu i druge vee knjinice i itaonice u gradu?
Budui da do moga dolaska u Hrvatsku ima jo osam mjeseci, moda e Vam se uiniti
da sam malo preuranila sa svim ovim pitanjima. Meutim, da bih osigurala potreban novac za
249
svoj boravak, moram najprije odgovarajuim instancama u Americi predati molbu za financiranje
cijelog projekta; u njihovu formularu moram navesti da sam ve stupila u vezu s odgovarajuim
strunjacima, da znam gdje u boraviti i da sam ve sve pokrenula da bi projekt bio to uspjeniji.
S obzirom na to da molbu moram predati do konca godine, molila bih Vas da mi se barem s
okvirnim informacijama javite to prije.
Slavonian village
Pretpostavljam da ne ete moi odgovoriti na sva moja pitanja, ali budui da mi je

profesor Jegulji ovdje u Indiani dao samo Vau adresu, Vi ste mi trenutano jedini izvor
informacija. Uostalom, ako i ne budete mogli odgovoriti na neka od mojih pitanja, sigurna sam da
ete me znati uputiti onim osobama ili slubama koje e to moi.
Unaprijed zahvaljujem na Vaoj pomoi i uloenom trudu u vezi s mojim studijskim
boravkom dogodine u Hrvatskoj.
U Bloomingtonu, 15. listopada 2005.
S potovanjem,
Andrea Smithson
When you are writing a formal letter to a single person you may capitalize the letter "V" on all the forms of
Vi and Va. Although many native speakers feel this to be a quaint and antiquated custom, the current
language guides still recommend doing it. Do not capitalize the "V" when the vi refers to more than one
person. One also sometimes comes across instances of capital "T" (Ti and Tvoj) in correspondence.
However, this is much more old-fashioned, and far less common in today's usage.
250
batina legacy naposljetku finally, in closing

besplatan, besplatna free of charge neposredan, direct
bogat rich neposredna [B,C,S]
cena price pohaati, pohaam to attend (I)
cijena price polaznik person taking a course
doista truly poprilian, poprilina considerable
dosadanji previous porazgovarati, to talk briefly (P)
etnolog ija ethnology porazgovaram
gospoica Miss potvrda confirmation
iako although pridoneti, pridonesem to contribute (P)
istraiti, istraim to investigate (P) pridonijeti, pridonesem to contribute (P)
izdati to issue (P) prikljuiti se, prikljuim se to join (P)
iznajmljivati, to rent [to] (I) pristupaan, pristupana accessible
iznajmljujem razdoblje period [of time]
izniman, iznimna [C] exceptional slobodan, slobodna free, unhindered
izravan, izravna [C] direct srdaan, srdana heartfelt, warm
izuzetan, izuzetna [B,C,S] exceptional stranac, stranca foreigner
jednomeseni one-month teaj [B,C,S] course [e.g. language]
jednomjeseni one-month telefonski telephone (adj.)
katedra university dept. ulan iti se, ulanim se to join (P)
knjievni literary unajmljivati, unajmljujem to rent [from] (I)
kurs [B,S] course [e.g. language] zanimati se, zan imam se to be engaged in (I)
naposletku finally, in closing
ODGOVOR IZ ZAGREBA
Potovana gospoice Smithson,
Hvala Vam na Vaemu pismu. Moram Vam rei da mi je doista drago da se netko u
Americi zanima za usmenu hrv atsku knjievnost. Kao to znate, usmena knjievnost u Hrvatskoj
ima dugu tradiciju, ali do sada svi njezini oblici nisu bili dovoljno istraeni. Siguran sam da e
Vae istraivanje pridonijeti jo boljem razumijevanju te iznimno bogate i zanimljive knjievne
batine.
to se Vaih pitanja tie, mislim da Vam mogu pomoi u svemu to Vas zanima.
Krenimo od smjetaja. U Zag rebu postoji nekoliko studentskih domova u kojima biste mogli
odsjesti, ali se bojim da u razdoblju u kojem ete Vi biti ovdje ne e biti slobodnih soba. Naime, u
to vrijeme jo traju predavanja i ispiti tako da su svi domovi puni. Kao to ste rekli, druga je
mogunost da ivite s nekom obitelji, ali, na alost, ov dje nema mnogo obitelji koje se bave tim
poslom. Budui da u Zagrebu namjeravate ostati mjesec dana, preporuio bih Vam da unajmite
stan. Imam prijatelja ija sestra iznajmljuje svoj stan za vrlo pristupanu cijenu. Razmislite o
tome i ako se odluite unajmiti taj stan, javite mi se pa u Vam poslati telefonski broj prijateljeve
sestre.
251
Na naem se fakultetu trenutano radi na nekoliko projekata iz podruja koje Vas zanima
i mislim da biste im se bez problema mogli prikljuiti. Jedan projekt vodi Kat edra za stariju
hrvatsku knjievnost, a drugi Odsjek za etnologiju. Najbolje e Vam biti da se obratite izravno
njima, a i ja u porazgovarati sa svojim kolegama na tim odsjecima. Oba su ta projekta poela
prije nekoliko godina i prikupljeno je ve poprilino materijala.
Svi nai i gostujui studenti mogu se besplatno ulaniti u Nacionalnu i sveucilinu knji-
nicu i ostale vee knjinice u gradu. Potrebno je samo da imate dvije slike i potvrdu da sudjelujete
u projektu na naem fakultetu. Tu e Vam potvrdu izdati u naoj referadi.
Dalmatian village
Iako ete za svoga boravka dosta vremena posvetiti svome istraivakom radu, prepo-
ruio bih Vam da usput pohaate i teaj hrvatskoga jezika. Na naem se fakultetu odravaju jed-
nomjeseni teajevi hrv atskoga za strance i dosadanji su polaznici bili veoma zadovoljni.
Nadam se da sam uspio odgovoriti na sve to Vas je zanimalo. Ako imate bilo kakvih
drugih pitanja, slobodno mi se opet javite.
Naposljetku, pozdravite mojega kolegu i dobrog prijatelja Jeguljia. Mi se znamo jo od
studentskih dana i neko smo se vrijeme dosta druili. Recite mu da mi se javi kad opet bude u
Zag rebu.
Vidimo se dogodine u Hrvatskoj!
U Zagrebu, 28. listopada 2005.

Srdaan pozdrav,
Marko Knjii
252
Split, Diocletians Palace
Zagreb, Zrinjevac Promenade
253
A3
angairati se, angairam se [C] to get involved (I/P) porijek lo origin

angaovati se, to get involved (I/P) pozorini [B,S] theater (adj.)
angaujem se [B,S] predavati, predajem to teach (I)
Beograanin resident of Belgrade provesti, provedem to spend [e.g. time] (P)
doseliti se, doselim se to move to (P) savet advice
eventualan, eventualna possible savjet advice
interesantan, interesantna interesting sedmini [B,S] weekly
kazalini [C] theater (adj.) sjajan, sjajna marvelous
kotati to cost (I) smisao, smisla sense, meaning
kupati se, kupam se to swim, to bathe (I) stepen [B,S] degree
nada hope stupanj [C] degree
nedeljni [S] weekly suvie too much
obilaziti to tour (I) temperatura temperature
obnavljati, obnavljam to renew (I) tjedni [C] weekly
obraati se to address (I) trajanje duration
odvaiti se, odvaim se to muster courage (P) umeren moderate (adj.)
okolina surroundings umjeren moderate (adj.)
opteretiti to burden (P) uobiajen customary
plaa beach usavriti, usavrim to perfect (P)
poreklo origin vruina heat
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254

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255
atraktivan, atraktivna attractive poetni initial

bara marshland podatak; podaci datum, data
bata [B,S] garden pojedinaan, pojedin ana individual
biti u mogunosti da to be able to poseta [S] visit
dodatan, dodatna additional posjet [B,C] visit
dogaaj event predak; preci ancestor
dojam, dojma [C] impression prestonica [S] capital city
dozvoliti, dozvolim to allow (P) prijestolnica [B,C] capital city
drage volje gladly pribliiti se, pribliim se to approach (P)
glazbeni [C] musical primorski coastal
grupa group priredba performance
intenzivan, intenzivna intensive rad work
javljanje contact, writing rashlad iti se, rashladim se to cool off (P)
jezero lake redovan, redovna regular
kanjon river gorge samostan Catholic monastery
konverzacijski [B,C] conversational sezona season
konverzacioni [B,S] conversationa spomenik monument
koristan, korisna useful srednjevekovni [S] medieval
kupalite place to swim srednjevjekovni [B] medieval
kurs course, e.g. language srednjovjekovni [C] medieval
lista list irom throughout, across
mada although takav, takva that sort of
manastir Orthodox monastery tip type, kind
muziki [B,C,S] musical toplota warmth, heat
na otvorenom on an outdoor stage tvrava fortress
nagovestiti, nagovestim to alert, to hint (P) uprkos + Dat despite
nagovijestiti, nagovijestim to alert, to hint (P) utisak, utiska [B,S] impression
nipoto by no means uveravati, uveravam to assure (I)
obilaenje tour uvjeravati, uvjer avam to assure (I)
odravati, odravam to hold (I) vienje seeing
opredeliti, opred elim to choose (P) volja will
opredijeliti, opredijelim to choose (P) vrt [C] garden
organizir ati, organiziram [C] to organize (I/P) zai, zaem to go behind, to set
organizovati, organizujem [B,S] to organize (I/P) [of the sun] (P)
osnov [B,S] basis zamirati to die down (I)
osnova [C] basis zanimanje interest
otputovati, otputujem to leave on a trip (P) zavisan, zavisna [B,S] dependent [on]
ovisan, ovisna [C] dependent [on] znamenitost, -osti (f) place of interest
planin a mountain urba hurry
ODGOVOR IZ BEOGRADA
20. februar 2005.
Beograd
Draga gospoice uri,
Sa zanimanjem sam proitao Vae pismo. Profesor Ani mi je ve nagovestio mogu-

nost Vaeg javljanja. Vrlo rado u Vam pomoi, koliko mogu, u pripremi Vae posete Beogradu,
i uveravam Vas da mi to nije nikakav teret.
Ponimo od pitanja u vezi s letnjim teajevima srpskog jezika za stran ce. Nekoliko kola
stranih jezika nudi takve kurseve, na nivoima od poetnog do konverzacionog. Letnji teajevi su
256
uglavnom intenzivnog tipa, ukljuujui i do pet dana nedeljno po tri sata. Ako smem da primetim,
moj utisak na osnovu Vaeg pisma je da biste Vi trebalo da se opredelite za neki od viih nivoa.
Osim toga, neke od kola nude mogunost rada s profesorima u manjim grupama, ili pojedinano,
to mislim da bi Vam moglo biti naroito korisno. Moram da Vam se izvinim to, u urbi da Vam
to pre odgovorim, nisam jo uvek prikupio tane podatke o cenama, ali nadam se da u i te
informacije biti u mogunosti da Vam uskoro ponudim.
S obzirom da nameravate da ostanete izmeu dva i po i tri meseca, mislim da ete imati
dovoljno vremena za obilaenje znamenitosti u Beogradu i oko njega. Mada sam grad ima dosta
muzeja i spomenika vrednih vienja, nipoto ne bi trebalo da propustite da posetite jo neke
gradove, na primer, Novi Sad i Smederevo, kao i grad Vaih predaka, Kragujevac, zatim, zavisno
od interesovanja, neke od prirodnih lepota (Obedsku baru, kanjon Tare, planine Zlatibor ili Kopa-
onik), kao i neke od srednjovekovnih manastira (na primer, Studenicu ili Sopoane, oba na listi
svetske batine UNESCO). Ako Vam planovi i obaveze dozvole, mislim da bi bilo dobro da,
makar i na nekoliko dana, otputujete do Crne Gore, gde su veoma zanimljivi stara prestonica
Cetinje, te primorski grad Kotor i planina Durmitor, koji su oba takoe na pomenutoj listi
UNESCO. Osim toga, poseta Crnoj Gori bi Vam pruila priliku da se malo rashladite na moru.
to me dovodi do Vaeg pitanja u vezi s vremenskim prilikama. Leta u Beogradu su,
naime, najee veoma topla, i temperature u julu i avgustu mogu da se priblie i etrdesetom
stepenu. Veina Beograana se tada uputi na Adu Ciganliju, gde se na jezeru nalazi veliko javno
kupalite. Kad a sunce zae, bate mnogih restorana i kafana irom grada Vam mogu pomoi da
pobegnete od vruine.
Church of the Blessed Virgin, Studenica Monastery, Serbia.

Built in the late 12th century at the behest of Stevan Nemanja
(upan of Serbia, 1168-1196)
257
Uprkos toploti, kulturni ivot u gradu ne zamire. Mada se redovna pozorina sezona
zavrava poetkom leta, u julu i avgustu se odravaju festivali na kojima imate i pozorinih i
muzikih priredbi. To su veoma esto dogaaji napolju, na otvorenom, na zanimljivim lokacijama
kao to je stara tvrava Kalemegdan, to ih ini posebno atraktivnim.
Nadam se da e Vam ove informacije biti dovoljne za poetak, a ja u drage volje odgo-
voriti na sva Vaa dodatna pitanja. Neke e stvari biti lake organizovati kad doete ovamo.
Srdano Vas pozdravljam,
Stojan Popovi
The algebraic formula for converting Fahrenheit to Celsius is: Tc = (5/9) multiplied by (Tf-32)
[Tc = temperature in degrees Celsius, Tf = temperature in degrees Fahrenheit].
A handy shortcut: keep several equivalent temperatures in mind as guidelines
0 C = 32F 10 C = 50 F 21 C = 70 F 33 = 90F 40C = 104F 100C = 212F
The Petrovaradin Fortress
The Danube flowing through Novi Sad
258
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
[B,C] Pripremajte uloge, i vodite sljedee razgovore.
[S] Pripremajte uloge, i vodite sled ee razgovore.
1. [B] Neka svaki od studenata uzme ulogu jednog od poiljaa pisama, pa neka razgovaraju o tome
kako e pisati svoje pismo, ta treba rei, i zbog ega.
[C] Neka svaki od studenata uzme ulogu jednog od poiljalaa pisama, pa neka razgovaraju o tome
kako e pisati svoje pismo, to treba rei, i zbog ega.
[S] Neka svaki od studenata uzme ulogu jednog od poiljaa pisama, pa neka razgovaraju o tome kako
e da piu svoje pismo, ta treba da se kae i zbog eg a.
2. [B,C] Neka studenti (Dino, Andrea i Ana) pitaju jedno drugo o planovima i projektima.
[S] Neka studenti (Dino, Andrea i Ana) pitaju jedno drugo o planovima i projektima.
3. [B,C] Neka stric i strina, Marko i Stojana, razgovaraju o tome kako e studentima pomoi.
[S] Neka stric i strina, Marko i Stojana, razgovaraju o tome kako e stud entima da pomognu.
4. Neka studenti razgovar aju o tome kako im je bilo kada su se vratili kui.
Grammar note. As seen on p. 237, the general idea each other is expressed by a phrase containing a
form of jedan and a form of drugi. If both (or all) persons concerned are male, or if no specific reference to
gender is made, then both forms are masculine; and if both or all persons concerned are female, then both
forms are feminine. But if the group is of mixed gender, then neuter forms are used, as in Marko i Ana
pitaju jedno drugo Marko and Ana ask each other, or oni idu jedno za drugim they follow one another.
B2
[B,C] Prepriati vjebe 9A1, 9A2, 9A3, 9A4, 10A1, 10A2, 10A3 u parovima.
[S] 9A1, 9A2, 9A3, 9A4, 10A1, 10A2, 10A3 .
259
C1
Go through the letters and make a list of the greetings, dates, and other stock letterwriting phrases.
C2
Write a letter to Stojan Popovi, Marko Knjii, or Dinos uncle and aunt, thanking them for their advice
and the time they took to make your summer project a success.
C3
Translate this letter into B, C, or S:
Dear Ms. Kovaevi, Atlanta, March 2, 2006
My colleagues and I are medical students in the United States and we would like to come to visit
your country. We are very interested in seeing two or three large general hospitals and several smaller ones,
and, if possible, wed be very glad to talk to some medical students. We thought we might come over in
June and July. Would it be possible for us to spend two or three weeks visiting the major cities in the area?
I know that you, too, are a medical student because several of your friends are students here with us at
school. They gave me your name and address and recommended you as someone who might be willing to
help us find accommodations and arrange for our stay.
The travel wont be a problem because we are happy to travel by bus or train. We have enough
money to stay in small hotels or hostels. As far as knowledge of your language is concerned, as you can see
from this letter, I have been studying [B, C or S] for two semesters and have learned enough to write a
letter like this one, and I can converse a little, though I am still afraid of serious conversation. Do medical
students there speak English? I hope so!
In return, we would like to help you come to visit the United States next year, and we would be
glad to make similar plans for your visit in gratitude for your help to us.
Thanks in advance for your time, and I hope that we are not burdening you too much with our
questions!
Sincerely,
Mark Haso Stern, Jane Jana Donnelly and Tom Toma Fuller
C4
1. Go through the six letters in this lesson (two each in 16A1, 16A2 and 16A3) and find one or all of the
following:
(a) sentences using the conditional mood (b) complex sentences using the da conjunction (c) complex
sentences using the to conjunction (d) examples of sentences using koji (e) examples of verbs which
require the use of genitive, dative or instrumental (such as da vam se javim).
2. Go through Ljubav na panjolski nain for forms of sav, sve, sva.
Pria: Bazdulj
[B,C] Proitati peti dio iz prie Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharema Bazdulja (str. 352).
[S] Proitati peti deo iz prie Ljubav na panjolski nain Muhar ema Bazdulja (str. 352).
260
A1 16
deak, deak a boy sedamnaesti seventeenth

djeak, djeak a boy umreti, umrem; umro, umrla to die (P)
domovina homeland umrijeti, umrem; umro, umrla to die (P)
laljiv fake, lying zalupiti to slam (P)
lepotica beauty zver (f) beast
ljepotica beauty zvijer (f) beast
ostavljati to leave (I)
LJEPOTICA I ZVIJER
Ferida Durakovi (1957- )
Laljiva ljepotica
Zalupila je vratima
Konano
Kao Domovina
I nestala
U Istoriju.
Laljiva, dakle, ljepotica

I Domovina
Imaju neto zajedniko:
Obje za sobom ostavljaju
Djeake
Koji e umrijeti
Zbog njih.
rat 1991
261
fraza phrase stih line of verse

glagol verb strofa stanza
imenica noun upotrebljavati, upotrebljavam to use (I)
oznaiti, oznaim to mark, to identify (P) veznik conjunction
predlog preposition zamenica pronoun
prijed log preposition zamjenica pronoun
pridev adjective zaokruiti, zaokruim to encircle (P)
pridjev adjective znak sign, mark
prilog adverb
GRAMATIKA
1. [B,C] Oznaite gramatike oblike u pjesmi, upotrebljavajui sljedee znakove:
(G) glagoli; (I) imenice; (P) pridjevi; (PR) prilozi; (PD) prijedlozi; (Z) zamjenice;
(V) veznici; (B) brojevi.
[S] , :
() ; () ; () ; () ; () ; () ;
() ; () .
2. [B,C] Zaokruite subjekt svake reenice ili fraze (ima ih est).

[S] ( ).
3. [B,C] Oznaite koliko ima strofa.

[S] .
4. [B,C] Oznaite koliko ima stihova.

[S] .
PITANJA

1. Zbog ega je laljiva 1. Zbog ega je laljiva 1.
ljepotica zalupila vratima? ljepotica zalupila vratima?
2. Poslije ega je Domovina 2. Poslije ega je Domovina ?
nestala u historiju? nestala u povijest? 2.
3. Po emu je laljiva 3. Po emu je laljiva ?
ljepotica slina Domovini? ljepotica slina Domovini? 3.
4. Postoji li neka veza izmeu 4. Postoji li neka sveza
djeaka koji e umrijeti izmeu djeaka koji e ?
zbog ljepotice i djeaka umrijeti zbog ljepotice i 4.
koji e umrijeti za djeaka koji e umrijeti za
Domovinu? Domovinu? e
e a
?
262
The walls of the National Library (formerly the Town Hall)
in Sarajevo, all that is left standing of the library after it was
shelled and burned during the war.
Promenade by the National Library ruins along the Miljacka, Sarajevo.
The words for history in B, C, and S are historija [B], povijest [C], and istorija [S]. Bosnian usage
vacillates between istorija and historija, although Bosnian grammarians (and most recent usage) tend to
prefer the latter. This fact, of apparent change in progress, explains the seeming discrepancy between the
usage by the modern Bosnian poet F. Durakovi of the form istorija, and the usage in this textbooks
lessons of the form historija. The title of the poem by A. G. Mato, to be found in Lesson 18, illustrates
change over a longer time period. Namely, the spelling of the second word in the title of the poem Jesenje
vee is no longer encountered in modern Croatian, which now uses only the spelling veer.
263
A2 17
biljka plant stoljee [B,C] century

boravite dwelling place svet world
dua soul svijet world
izjednaiv ati se, izjednaujem se to become equal (I) svravati, svravam to end (I)
kamen stone tica (poetic) = ptica
ko (poetic) = kao uskrsnue resurrection
milijun, milijuna [B,C] million uzdignue ascension
milion, miliona [B,S] million uzlet ascent
narod [B,C,S] people, nation vean, vena eternal
nebo heaven; sky venost, venosti (f) eternity
ostati nam je we must remain vek [S] century
poumreti, poumrem to die off [one by one] (P) vera faith
poumrijeti, poumrem to die off [one by one] (P) vijek [B,S] century
puk [C] people, folk vjean, vjena eternal
rodbina relatives, kin vjenost, vjenosti (f) eternity
s, sa + Acc over to vjera faith
s onu stranu over to the other side zauvek forever
seoba migration zauvijek forever
smrt (f) death
ZEMLJA
A. B. imi (1898-1925)
Toliko stoljea su narodi u nebo vjerovali

i ovaj svijet im bjee kratko boravite
iza kojeg ih vjeni ivot eka.
Toliko stoljea su narodi u nebo odlazili

Seoba milijuna s onu stranu zvijezda
Ko tice, due su se dizale sa zemlje u vjenost.
ivotinje i biljke samo

ostajahu s kamenjem na zemlji
zauvijek.
Al vjere poumrijee
sve jedna za drugom
i saznadosmo: nema neba
ni uzdignua, ni uzleta ni uskrsnua
i svaki uzlet opet svrava na zemlji.
Na zemlji nam je ostati zauvijek.

ivotinje i biljke naa su rodbina
i kamen samo na najdalji brat.
U smrti svi se izjednaujemo.
264
Grammar note. Many older texts use all three past tense forms the compound past, the aorist and the
imperfect; and the combination of the three gives distinctly different shades of meaning to the idea past.
The compound past relates general background information (such as narodi su u nebo vjerovali peoples
believed in heaven). The aorist relates specific foregrounded events in sequence (such as vjere poumrijee;
mi saznadosmo religions died out one by one [and] we [then] realized). The imperfect relates action
which continued over a specified period of time (such as ostajahu remained). See also p. 189 and [151].
Mostar and the famous bridge over the Neretva River, built in 1565
by the Ottoman architect known as Mimar Hajrudin. The bridge was
destroyed in the recent war [1993] and rebuilt by UNESCO in 2004.
Jajce, Central Bosnia, early 20th century
265
dananji todays gramatiki grammatical

davni distant (in time) prolost, prolosti (f) the past
deavati se, deava se [B,S] to happen (I) zakljuak, zak ljuka conclusion
dogaati se, dogaa se [B,C] to happen (I)
GRAMATIKA
1. [B,C] Oznaite gramatike oblike u pjesmi, upotrebljavajui sljed ee znakove: (G) glagoli; (I) imenice;
(Z) zamjenice [svih vrsta]; (P) pridjevi; (PR) prilozi; (PD) prijedlozi; (V) veznici; (B) brojevi.
[S] Oznaite gramatike oblike u pesmi, upotrebljav ajui sled ee znakove: (G) glagoli; (I) imenice;
(Z) zamenice [svih vrsta]; (P) prid evi; (PR) prilozi; (PD) predlozi; (V) veznici; (B) brojevi.
2. [B,S] Zaokruite subjekat svake reenice ili fraze (ima ih etrnaest).

[C] Zaokruite subjekt svake reenice ili fraze (ima ih etrnaest).
3. Oznaite koliko ima strofa.
4. Oznaite koliko ima stihova.
PITANJA

1. ta su radili ljudi kada su 1. to su radili ljudi kada su 1. ta su radili ljudi kada su
umrli u davnoj prolosti, po umrli u davnoj prolosti, po umrli u davnoj prolosti, po
pjesmi Zemlja? pjesmi Zemlja? pjesmi Zemlja?
2. Ko ili ta je ostajalo na 2. Tko ili to je ostajalo na 2. Ko ili ta je ostajalo na
zemlji, i zato? zemlji, i zato? zemlji, i zato?
3. Budui da se neto 3. Budui da se neto 3. Budui da se neto
promijenilo, ljudi su saznali promijenilo, ljudi su saznali promenilo, ljudi su saznali
neto novo. ta se pro- neto novo. to se pro- neto novo. ta se pro-
mijenilo i ta su saznali? mijenilo i to su saznali? menilo i ta su saznali?
4. ta se, po imiu, deava u 4. to se, po imiu, dogaa u 4. ta se, po imiu, deava u
dananjem vremenu kad a se dananjem vremenu kad a se dananjem vremenu kad a se
umre? Slaete li se vi lino umre? Slaete li se vi umre? Da li se vi lino
sa zakljukom ove pjesme? osobno sa zakljukom ove slaete sa zakljukom ove
5. Koje godine se rodio A. B. pjesme? pesme?
imi, a koje godine je 5. Koje godine se rodio A. B. 5. Koje godine se rodio A. B.
umro? Dakle, koliko je imi, a koje godine je imi, a koje godine je
imao godina kad je umro? umro? Dakle, koliko je imao umro? Dakle, koliko je
godina kad je umro? imao godina kad je umro?
266
A3 18
bog, boga god raspeti, raspnem to crucify (P)

bono painfully [i.e. bolno] rumen, rumena ruddy, glowing red
utati, utim [B,S] to be silent (I) san, sna dream, sleep
drhtati, drem to tremble (I) sur, sura grey
hrid (f) cliff kolj small island, atoll
iskati, item to seek (I) trnuti, trnem to extinguish, to go out (I)
jecati, jecam to sob (I) ubog miserable, poor
kleati, kleim to kneel (I) uzdah sigh
kostur skeleton vrh + Gen at the top of
kr karst, barren landscape zadnji last
moliti, molim to pray (I) zrak [B,S] ray
prohladan, prohladna chilly zraka [C] ray
puina open sea zvono bell
VEE NA KOLJU
Aleksa anti (1868-1924)
Puina plava
Spava,
Prohladni pada mrak.
Vrh hridi crne
Trn e
Zadnji rumeni zrak.
I jeca zvono
Bono,
Po kru dre zvuk;
S uzdahom tuge
Duge
Ubogi moli puk.
Klee kosturi
Suri
Pred likom boga svog
Itu... No tamo
Samo
uti raspeti bog ...
I san sve blie

Stie.
Prohladni pada mrak.
Vrh hridi crne
Trn e
Zadnji rumeni zrak.
267
doba time period (neut.) razotkriti, razotkrijem to find out, to discover (P)
doaravati, doaravam to conjure up (I) smestiti to situate (P)
naslov title smjestiti to situate (P)
odlika feature uticati, utiem [B,S] to influence (I)
radnja plot, storyline, action utjecati, utjeem [B,C] to influence (I)
GRAMATIKA
1. [B,C] Oznaite gramatike oblike u svakoj strofi pjesme, upotrebljavajui sljedee znakove:
(G) glagoli; (I) imenice; (Z) zamjenice [svih vrsta]; (P) pridjevi; (PD) prilozi; (PG) prijedlozi;
(V) veznici.
[S] , :
() ; () ; () [ ]; () ; () ; () ;
() .
2. [B,C] Zaokruite subjekt svake reenice ili fraze (ima ih dvanaest).

[S] ( a).
3. [B,C] Koja od ove tri pjesme ima najvie strofa i najvie stihova? Koja ih ima najmanje?
[S] ? a?
PITANJA
1. [B,C] Gdje je smjetena radnja ove pjesme?

[S] ?
2. [B] Budui da pjesma opisuje vee, ta saznajemo iz samog naslova o tome kako to doba dana
utie na atmosferu koju doarava pjesma?
[C] Budui da pjesma opisuje veer, to saznajemo iz samoga naslova o tome kako to doba
dana utjee na atmosferu koju doarava pjesma?
[S] , a
?
3. [B] ta znamo o ljudima u pjesmi?

[C] to znamo o ljudima u pjesmi?
[S] ?
4. [B,C] Koje godine se rodio Aleksa anti, a koje godine je umro?

[S] , ?
5. [B] Postavite svoja sopstvena dva pitanja o pjesmi.

[C] Postavite svoja vlastita dva pitanja o pjesmi.
[S] .
268
Islands off the Dalmatian coast
The above three poems were chosen both for the grammatical challenges they pose to students, and to
provide examples of verse from three of the cultural traditions of Bosnia. But a shared theme of the imi
and anti poems also raises an interesting issue. In the years following World War I, many artists and
writers felt there should be separation between the powers of church and state in the newly formed country
of Yugoslavia. Both imi and anti were followers of the anticlericalist movement, which espoused
spirituality over organized religion. Spirituality and the nature of God are frequent themes in imi's brief
opus. In his poem, Aleksa anti also articulates a strong commitment to social issues. He wrote both
romantic and patriotic poetry in addition to the poem quoted here, which describes life in impoverished
island communities off the Dalmatian coast, and which was dedicated to Dalmatian poet Ivo ipiko.
A4
brojan, brojna numerous posmrtan, posmrtna posthumous

gornji above, upper postojanje existence
Jugoslavija Yugoslavia preobraen je transfiguration, transformation
koristiti to use (I) stvoriti, stvorim to create (P)
nastanak, nastanka origin, emergence tama darkness
nestanak, nestanka disappearance tekst text
objaviti, objavim to publish (P) u gostima visiting, being a guest
objavljiv ati, objav ljujem to publish (I) za razliku od unlike
period period, time zbirka collection
NASTANAK I NESTANAK
Ova tri pjesnika su iz Bosne i Hercegovine. Ferida Durakovi je iz Sarajeva, a druga dvojica su iz
Hercegovine: Aleksa anti je iz Mostara, a A. B. imi je iz malog mjesta blizu Mostara koje se
zove Drinovci. Pjesma Feride Durakovi je objavljena u knjizi Srce tame, koja se pojavila 1998. u
Sarajevu. imievu pjesmu je posmrtno objavio njegov brat Stanislav budui da je imi umro
vrlo mlad. Za vrijeme svog ivota je objavio svega jednu zbirku pjesama, Preobraenja. Za
razliku od imia, anti je dugo ivio i objavio brojne pjesme, pripovijetke i dramske tekstove, a
Durakovi pjesme jo uvijek objavljuje. Sve troje pie za vrijeme postojanja Jugoslavije: anti i
imi na samom nastanku, a Durakovi u nestanku.
Prevedite gornji tekst na engleski.
269
Radimlje near Stolac: a well-known steak, surrounded by several others
Throughout the countryside of Bosnia and Herzegovina are scattered tombstones with striking images
chiseled upon them. The word referring to such a stone is steak (plural steci). For many years it was
thought that these stones were created by followers of the medieval Bosnian Church (or of one of its
presumed offshoots, the Bogomil movement), and the stones had been associated with the general idea of
heresy that had surrounded both these ill-understood organizations. In recent years, the steak has come to
be seen as part of a much more broadly based tradition, embracing Bosnians of all faiths from medieval
times onward, who have consequently come to interpret them as part of their shared cultural heritage on all
levels. In 1878, when the Austro-Hungarian Empire took over the administration of Bosnia and Herzego-
vina, it sought to promote a post-Ottoman, pan-Bosnian identity, and the steak was one of the symbols
used to establish this identity. The Bosnian poet Mak Dizdar, who is seen by many Bosnians as their
national voice, bases much of his poetic opus on the steak inscriptions.
For more on Dizdar and other literary figures connected with Bosnia, consult the additional reading lists
at http://www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org/
270
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
[B,C] Podijelite ov e tri pjesme meu studentima, i neka svaki student naui jednu od njih napamet.
[S] Podelite ove tri pesme meu studentima, i neka svaki student nau i jednu od njih napamet.
B2
[B,C] Prepriajte vjebe 5A1, 5A2, 5A3, 6A1, 6A2, 6A3, 6A4 u parovima.
[S] je 5A1, 5A2, 5A3, 6A1, 6A2, 6A3, 6A4 .
B3
[B,C] Vjebajte u parovima. Stvorite jednu reenicu od svake dvije, koristei se veznikom koji.
[S] Vebajte u parovima. Stvorite jednu reen icu od svake dve, koristei se veznikom koji.
1. [B] To je uiteljica moje kerke. Vidio sam je jue u koli.
[C] To je uiteljica moje keri. Vidio sam je juer u koli.
[S] . .
2. [B] Da li je to tvoj daida? Jesi li kod njega sed micu dana bila u gostima?
[C] Je li to tvoj ujak? Jesi li kod njega tjedan dana bila u gostima?
[S] ? ?
3. [B,C] Vidim rijeku pred sobom. Idem prema rijeci.
[S] . .
4. [B] Taj ovjek je iz Chicaga. On je dobar prijatelj mog komije.
[C] Taj ovjek je iz Chicaga. On je dobar prijatelj mojeg susjeda.
[S] . .
271
5. [B] Zalupila je vratima laljiva ljepotica. Laljiva ljepotica je nestala u historiju.
[C] Zalupila je vratima laljiva ljepotica. Laljiva ljepotica je nestala u povijest.
[S] . .
6. [B,C] Narodi su u nebo vjerovali. Narodima je ovaj svijet bio kratko boravite.
[S] . .
7. [B,C] ivotinje i biljke ostajahu na zemlji zauvijek. ivotinje i biljke naa su rodbina.
[S] . .
8. [B,C] Ubogi puk moli s uzdahom duge tuge. Ubogom puku san sve blie stie.
[S] . .
272
C1
aorist aorist [verb tense] prolo vrijeme past tense

bezdan, bezdna abyss pust, pusta barren
boji divine sadanje vreme present tense
duh spirit sadanje vrijeme present tense
imperfekt imperfect [verb tense] Stari zavet Old Testament
nazvati, nazovem to call (P) Stari zav jet Old Testament
negacija negation Sveto pismo Holy Scripture
oblije shape svetlost, svetlosti (f) light
primer example svjetlost, svjetlosti (f) light
primjer example videlo heavenly body
prolo vreme past tense vidjelo heavenly body
Prevedite svaku prvu reenicu na engleski, a ostale reen ice na B, C, ili S.
1. a. [B,S] Petoro ljudi je ilo na koarkaku utakmicu.

[C] Petero ljudi je ilo na koarkaku utakmicu.
b. The two children returned to their home.
c. The five of them* sang a song together.
[*a group of young men and women]
2. a. Samo su se pozdravili s nama reda radi.

b. She wrote him a letter for the sake of love.
c. Please, dont do that for my sake!
3. a. Oekujui teak ispit, uili su i dan i no.

b. Having bought flowers, she went to a bar and drank a glass of water.
c. Having returned the books, they wrote their report.
4. a. Sedmorica su radila zajedno godinama.

b. The two (men) were happy.
c. We watched The Dirty Dozen yesterday.
5. a. [B,C] Ljudi su obavijeteni na vrijeme.

[S] Ljudi su obaveteni na vreme.
b. The dinner was eaten, the water was drunk.
c. All in all, it was concluded that the event was very successful.
6. a. italo se u novinama da je situacija sada znatno bolja.

b. It was expected that they would arrive at midnight.
c. It seemed that the rain would never stop.
7. a. [B,C] Rekli su da e snijeg i kia padati cijeli dan.

[S] Rekli su da e sneg i kia padati ceo dan.
b. We said that they liked roses more than tulips.
c. He said that she contacted us over the internet.
273
8. a. [B] Moe li bilo ko pisati pjesme?
[C] Moe li bilo tko pisati pjesme?
[S] Da li moe bilo ko da pie pesme?
b. They will go anywhere and do anything.
c. He did not want to talk to anyone.
C2
1. U poetku stvori Bog nebo i zemlju. 2. A zemlja bjee bez oblija i pusta, a bjee tama nad
bezdanom: i duh boji dizae se nad vodom. 3. I ree Bog: neka bude svjetlost. I bi svjetlost. 4. I
vidje Bog svjetlost da je dobra; i rastavi Bog svjetlost od tame; 5. I svjetlost nazva Bog dan, a
tamu nazva no. I bi vee i bi jutro, dan prvi.
Oznaite svaki glagol u gornjem tekstu sa A za aorist, ili I za imperfekt.
Below: The first page of the Sveto pismo, Stari zavjet, translated by uro Danii. Vienna, 1909.
274
C3
Odgovorite na postavljena pitanja.
Primer [E] primjer [J] pitanja:
Koliko vas je na asu bosanskog? [vas = studenata]

Koliko vas je na satu hrvatskoga? [vas= studenata]
Koliko vas je na asu srpskog? [vas = studenata]
Primer [E] primjer [J] odgovora: Ima nas petero.
1. [B,C] Koliko nas je na svijetu? [nas = ljudi]

[S] Koliko nas je na svetu? [nas = ljudi]
2. Koliko ih je u sobi? [ih = stolica]
3. [B] Koliko vas je na cijelom univerzitetu? [vas = slavista]

[C] Koliko vas je na cijelom sveuilitu? [vas = slavista]
[S] Koliko vas je na celom univerzitetu? [vas = slavista]
4. Koliko ih je u prvom razredu osnovne kole? [ih = aka]
5. Koliko ih je u Americi? [ih = ljudi]
6. Koliko ih je u ovoj lekciji? [ih = pesama; pjesama]
7. [B,C] Koliko ih je u svim ovim pjesmama? [ih = stihova]

[S] Koliko ih je u svim ovim pesmama? [ih = stihova]
C4
[B,C] Preradite ov e reen ice tako da budu a) u prolom vremenu, i b) i u prolom vremenu
i u negaciji.
[S] ) , )
.
1. [B] Treba odmah ii u trgovinu koja je do moje zgrade.

[C] Treba odmah ii u duan koji je do moje zgrade.
[S] .
2. [B,C] Kako se pie vae ime?

[S] ?
3. [B] Ba nam se jedu oni kolai koji su jue peeni.

[C] Ba nam se jedu oni kolai koji su juer peeni.
[S] .
4. [B] Moe se otvoreno govoriti o tome t se dogaa u naem drutvu.

[C] Moe se otvoreno govoriti o tome to se dogaa u naem drutvu.
[S] .
275
5. [B] Budui da smo svi ovdje prijatelji, osjeam se kao da sam kod kue.
[C] Budui da smo svi ovdje prijatelji, osjeam se kao da sam doma.
[S] , .
C5
[B,C] Napiite tekst (oko 200 rijei) o filmu koji vam se nije sviao. Prvo treba prepriati o emu se rad ilo
u filmu, a tek onda treba objasniti zato vam se nije svi ao.
[S] Napiite tekst (oko 200 rei) o filmu koji vam se nije sviao. Prvo treba da se prepria o emu se radilo
u filmu, a tek onda treba da se ob jasni zato vam se nije svi ao.
The Bosnian state of today covers roughly the same area as the medieval kingdom of Bosnia, which was
founded around 1180 and fell to the Turks in 1463. Shortly before this, Herceg (Duke) Stjepan had
established his dukedom as an independent unit; this entity came to be known as Herzegovina. Although
Bosnia was transformed into a province within the Ottoman Turkish empire, it retained both its borders and
its name relatively unchanged, and functioned for the Ottomans as the center of Turkey in Europe. Both
the current name (Bosnia and Herzegovina) and the current borders were assigned in 1878 by the Congress
of Berlin. Despite the transition from an Ottoman province to a protectorate administered by Austro-
Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina continued to be a clearly defined place with a composite name and a
composite identity, both of which it has retained throughout the 20th century and into the 21st.
Pria: Bazdulj
Proitati esti deo iz prie Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharema Bazdulja (str. 353).
Proitati esti dio iz prie Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharema Bazdulja (str. 353).
276
A1 19
bivati, bivam to be (I) olovan, olovna leaden

crneti se, crn im se to be black, to look black (I) osamnaesti eighteenth
crnjeti se, crnim se to be black, to look black (I) plivati to swim (I)
gluh [B,C] deaf rana wound
gluv [B,S] deaf samac, samca loner
gluhijem (archaic) = gluhim sena shadow
go, gola [B,S] bare, naked sjena shadow
gol [C] bare, naked skrivati, skrivam to conceal (I)
gord proud slep blind
gorski hilly, mountainous slijep blind
grana branch slutiti, slutim to sense dimly (I)
jablan poplar snivati, snivam to dream (I)
kuica little house strana slope, side
lisje leaves (i.e. lie) suh [B,C] dry
ljudski human suv [B,S] dry
mokar, mokra wet suhijem (archaic) = suhim
monoton monotonous suton dusk
motriti to gaze (I) aptati, apem to whisper (I)
mraan, mrana dark, gloomy taman, tamna dark
mreti, mrem to die (i.e. umreti) toranj, tornja tower
mrijeti, mrem to die (i.e. umrijeti) utonuti, utonem to sink (P)
mrk gloomy vrana crow
nemir restlessness vrba willow
njiva plowed field
JESENJE VEE
Antun Gustav Mato
Olovne i teke snove snivaju
Oblaci nad tamnim gorskim stranama;
Monotone sjene rijekom plivaju,
utom rijekom meu golim granama.
Iza mokrih njiva magle skrivaju

Kuice i toranj; sunce u ranama
Mre i motri kako mrke bivaju
Vrbe, crnei se crnim vranama.
Sve je mrano, hladno; u prvom sutonu

Tek se slute ceste, dok ne utonu
U daljine slijepe ljudskih nemira.
Samo gordi jablan lisjem suhijem

ape o ivotu mrakom gluhijem,
Kao da je samac usred svemira.
277
nacrtati to draw (P) prizor scene

odrediti, odredim to determine (P) stalo [mu je] do +Gen it matters to [him]
podcrtati [C] to underline (P) umirati to be dying (I)
podvui, podvuem [B,S] to underline (P) zamisliti, zamislim to imagine (P)
pojava appearance
GRAMATIKA
1. [B,C] Zaokruite sve glagole u pjesmi.
[S] Zaokruite sve glagole u pesmi.
2. [B,S] Odredite ta je subjekat svake reenice ili fraze.

[C] Odredite to je subjekt svake reenice ili fraze.
3. [B,S] Podvucite svaku pojavu instrumentala.

[C] Podcrtajte svaku pojavu instrumentala.
4. Koja reenica poinje s frazom u akuzativu?
PITANJA
1. [B,C] Nad im se nalaze oblaci?
[S] ?
2. [B,C] Od akle su monotone sjene koje rijekom plivaju, odnosno od eg a su sjene?

[S] , ?
3. [B] ta skrivaju magle koje su iza mokrih njiva?

[C] to skrivaju magle koje su iza mokrih njiva?
[S] ?
4. [B,C] Moete li zakljuiti zato Mato ovdje upotrebljava rije rana? Da biste zamislili
prizor koji doarava pjesma, treba se sjetiti sunca koje jo nije sasvim zalo iza oblaka,
[S] ?
, e a
.
5. [B,C] ime se crn e vrbe pored kojih tee rijeka?

[S] ?
6. [B,C] Gdje se nalaze ljudi u prve dvije strofe?

[S] ?
7. [B] Gdje idu ceste koje se tek slute?

[C] Kamo idu ceste koje se tek slute?
[S] ?
8. [B,C] Kakav je Matoev jablan?

[S] ?
278
Poplar
9. [B,C] Zato je gordi jablan stao aptati gluhim mrakom?

[S] ?
10. [B] Do eg a je Matou stalo u ovoj pjesmi? Drugim rijeima, ta mu je najvanije?

[C] Do eg a je Matou stalo u ovoj pjesmi? Drugim rijeima, to mu je najvanije?
[S] ? , ?
Nacrtajte oblake, gorske strane, utu rijeku, gole gran e koje se crne vranama,
mokre njive, kuice, toranj, maglu, ceste, i jablan.
A sculpture by the artist Ivan Koari of A. G. Mato on a park bench.

The sculpture is located in Zagrebs Gornji grad (Upper Town).
279
A2 20
elo brow; forehead strastan, strasna passionate

misao, misli (f) thought vea eyelid
ozariti, ozarim to illuminate, to glow (P) vjea eyelid
plakati, plaem to cry (I) zublja torch
potiti to perspire (I) ariti, arim to burn (I)
samoa solitude
NOTTURNO
Tin Ujevi
Noas se moje elo ari,

noas se moje vjee pote;
i moje misli san ozari,
umrijet u noas od ljepote.
Dua je strasna u dubini,

ona je zublja u dnu noi;
plaimo, plaimo u tiini,
umrimo, umrimo u samoi.
St. Jacobs Cathedral in ibenik. Both the building and the wreath of portrait
on it are the work of Juraj Dalmatinac (15th c.)
280
Dubrovnik
kriv wrong protagonist [B,C] protagonist

ljubavni love (adj.) protagonista [B,S] protagonist
ponaati se, ponaam se to behave (I) razlikovati, razlikujem to distinguish (I)
priroda nature
PITANJA
1. [B] Kako se osjea protagonista ove pjesme?
[C] Kako se osjea protagonist ove pjesme?
[S] Kako se osea protagonista ove pesme?
2. [B,C] Zato mu je stalo elo ariti ba noas?

[S] Zato mu je stalo elo da ari ba noas?
3. [B,C] Je li mu drago ili krivo to se tako osjea?

[S] Da li mu je drago ili krivo to se tako osea?
4. [B,C] Kome on zapravo pjeva ovu pjesmu?

[S] Kome on zapravo peva ovu pesmu?
5. [B,C] Do eg a je pjesniku najvie stalo?

[S] Do eg a je pesniku najvie stalo?
6. [B,C] Je li ovo ljubavna pjesma?

[S] Da li je ovo ljubavna pesma?
7. [B,C] Kako se razlikuju dua u ovoj pjesmi i narod u imievoj pjesmi?

[S] Kako se razlikuju dua u ovoj pesmi i narod u imievoj pesmi?
8. Kako Ujevi pie o smrti a, za razliku od njega, kak o o smrti piu imi i Durakovi?
9. Kako Ujevi pie o ivotu a, za razliku od njega, kako o ivotu piu Durakovi, imi i
anti?
10. [B,C] Usporedite doba dana u Matoevoj, Ujevievoj i antievoj pjesmama.

[S] Uporedite doba dana u Matoevoj, Ujevievoj i antievoj pesmama.
281
A3
Austro-Ugarska Austria-Hungary poi za rukom + Dat to be able to do

bespotedan, bespotedna unrelenting poduavati, poduavam to tutor (I)
begunac, begunca fugitive postati, postanem to become (P)
bjegunac, bjegunca fugitive posvetiti se, posvetim se to dedicate oneself (P)
blizak, bliska close, intimate poznat known, famous
boemski bohemian prerasti, prerastem to outgrow (P)
lanak, lanka article (news) preseliti se, preselim se to move (P)
dan danas (to) this very day prevoditi, prevodim to translate (I)
esej, eseja essay prevoenje translation [activity]
faistiki fascist prevod translation [text]
gde god wherever prijevod translation [text]
gdje god wherever primati, primam to receive (I)
grlo throat progoniti, progonim to persecute (P)
isprva at first proslaviti to celebrate (P)
izbiv anje time spent away rak cancer
kako... tako both... and rodom by birth
kazniti to punish (P) samrt (f) deathbed
komunist [C] communist seliti se, selim se to move (I)
komunista [B,S] communist shodno tome therefore
kritika criticism sonet, soneta sonnet
kultura culture spajati, spajam to connect (I)
linost, linosti (f) personality sukobiti se to clash (P)
moderan, moderna modern suparnik rival
monarhija monarchy suparnitvo rivalry
nadimak, nadimka nickname saradnja [B,S] cooperation
nadiv eti, nadivim to outlive (P) suradnja [C] cooperation
nadiv jeti, nadiv im to outlive (P) svirati, sviram to play
naputati, naputam to abandon (I) [an instrument] (I)
nedostajati, to be missed by (I/P) ubrzo soon thereafter
nedostajem + Dat * uoi + Gen on the eve of
Nezavisna Drava Independent State uspevati, uspevam to succeed (I)
Hrv atska [abbr. NDH] of Croatia uspijevati, uspijevam to succeed (I)
novinski news-related violonelo cello
objavljiv anje publication [activity] vlada government
oboleti, obolim to fall ill (P) vlast (f) power
oboljeti, obolim to fall ill (P) vodei leading
odseliti se, odselim se to move away (P) voditi, vodim to register (I)
okupator, okupatora occupying forces vojni military (adj.)
okupiti se to gather around (P) vojska army
plaa [B,C] salary zabrana ban
plata [B,S] salary zameriti se to offend (P)
pobei, pobegnem to flee (P) zamjeriti se to offend (P)
pobjei, pob jegnem to flee (P)
* Tricky translation: The verb nedostajati takes a dative logical subject. In other words, what English
speakers would interpret as the object of to miss is the BCS subject, while the person who misses
something (the subject in English) appears in the dative case. Thus the sentence nedostajao mu je Zagreb
means he missed Zagreb.
282
MATO I UJEVI
Antun Gustav Mato se rodio 1873. u Tovarniku, malom mjestu blizu ida u Srijemu. S 19 godina
pobjegao je u Srbiju da ne bi sluio u vojsci Austro-Ug arske. Prov eo je sljedee tri godine u
Beogradu, svirajui violonelo, poduavajui ake i studente i radei kao novinar i pisac.
Meutim, kako se svojim bespotednim kritikama zamjerio drugim piscima, naputa Beograd i
seli u Pariz 1899. u kojem ivi punih pet godina. Gdje god da je boravio, pisao je eseje, pjesme i
pripovijetke i objavljivao ih u raznim asopisima, kako u Hrvatskoj, tako i u Bosni. Nedostajao
mu je Zagreb ali budui da ga je austrougarska vojna vlast jo uvijek vodila kao bjegunca, nije
mu odmah polo za rukom da se vrati, pa je nakon Pariza proveo jo etiri godine u Beogradu.
Vraa se napokon u Zag reb 1908. i tamo ivi sve do svoje smrti, 1914. A. G. Mato se proslavio
svojim esejima i pjesmama, a naroito svojim sonetima. U Zagrebu je ubrzo nakon povratka
postao vodea linost kulture. Smatra se prvim modernim hrv atskim pjesnikom. U godinama prije
njegove smrti okupili su se oko njega zagrebaki pjesnici i pisci, meu kojima je bio i Tin Ujevi.
Augustin Uj evi (1891-1955), poznat pod nadimkom Tin, rodom je iz Dalmatinske
Zagore. Matoa je upoznao u Zagrebu, dok je bio student. Isprva su bili bliski prijatelji, ali su se
otro sukobili i razili kao suparnici. Uj evi nije nikada sasvim prerastao svoje suparnitvo s
Matoem makar ga je nadivio za vie od etrdeset godina. I Ujevi je uven po tome to se esto
selio. Otiao je u Pariz 1913. i tamo je ostao do kraja Prvog svjetskog rata, radei i kao pre-
voditelj i kao pisac. ivei boemskim ivotom jedva je uspijevao spajati kraj s krajem, pa se
1919. vratio u Zagreb. Zatim se odselio u Beograd gdje je s kraim izbivanjima boravio do 1930.
kada se preselio u Sarajevo. Vratio se u Zagreb tek uoi Drugoga svjetskog rata. U vrijeme NDH
stao je raditi kao prevoditelj novinskih lanaka i shodno tome primao plau od faistike vlade, pa
su ga poslije rata zbog suradnje s okupatorom komunisti kaznili s petogodinjom zabranom
objavljivanja vlastitih pjesama i tekstova. Za to vrijeme se, dakle, posvetio knjievnu prevoenju,
najvie s fran cuskoga i engleskoga. I dan danas ljudi it aju njegove prijevode Whitmana, Poea,
Conrada, Prousta i Sartrea. Oboljevi od raka grla, i dalje je prevodio Prousta ak i dok je leao u
bolnici na samrti. Za ivota objavio je pet zbirki pjesama, a uenici i studenti u Hrv atskoj jo
uvijek ue njegove stihove napamet.
Prevedite gornji tekst na engleski.
Grammar note. The particle god, added to a question word, means roughly the same as English -ever.
Thus kad god whenever, gde god [E] gdje god [J] wherever, koliko god however much, and so on.
[134a, 143k] The word bilo can be added before any of these words in much the same meaning, thus bilo
ta [B,S] bilo to [C] whatever bilo koga pita whomever you ask, and the like. [143k]
283
B1
[B,C] Nauite ove dvije pjesme napamet.
[S] Nauite ove dve pesme napamet.
B2
[B,C] Prepriajte vjebe 7A1, 7A2, 7A3, 7A4, 8A3, 8A4 u parovima.
[S] j 7A1, 7A2, 7A3, 7A4, 8A3, 8A4 .
B3
[B,C] Prevedite, koristei se veznikom koji. Gdje god ima dvije reen ice (br. 6-10), prvo
preved ite te dvije reenice, pa onda napravite od njih jednu reen icu koristei se veznikom koji.
[S] Prevedite, koristei se veznikom koji. Gde god ima dve reen ice (br. 6-10), prvo prevedite te
dve reenice, pa onda napravite od njih jednu reenicu koristei se veznikom koji.
1. Is that the woman to whom you spoke yesterday?

2. The possibilities were explained to artists, to whom nothing is difficult.
3. They answered one another in letters which were longer and longer.
4. She left the room in which she was standing.
5. The husband saw his wife whom he loved.
6. Baltazar is a professor. He invented a leti-kapa.
7. The man had a dog. The dog he had was smart.
8. Ujevi is a poet. He is the poet we are reading.
9. They are my friends. Yesterday I helped my friends.
10. Baltazar-grad is a city. In that city every question is resolved.
(make two versions of this sentence, one with a passive participle, and the other with a se-verb)
B4
Odgovorite na ov a pitanja koristei se veznikom da bi.
1. [B] ta treba Pingvinu Charlieu da bi letio?

[C] to treba Pingvinu Charlieu da bi letio?
[S] ta treba Pingvinu arliju da bi leteo?
2. [B] ta treba laljivoj ljepotici da bi nestala u historiju?

[C] to treba laljivoj ljepotici da bi nestala u povijest?
[S] ta treba laljivoj lepotici da bi nestala u istoriju?
3. [B,S] ta treba narodima da bi otili u nebo?

[C] to treba narodima da bi otili u nebo?
4. [B,S] ta treba gordom jablanu da bi aptao o ivotu?

[C] to treba gordom jablanu da bi aptao o ivotu?
284
5. [B] ta treba pjesniku da bi umirao u noi?
[C] to treba pjesniku da bi umirao u noi?
[S] ta treba pesniku da bi umirao u noi?
6. [B] ta morate nauiti da biste bili spremni za ispit krajem semestra?

[C] to morate nauiti da biste bili spremni za ispit krajem semestra?
[S] ta morate da nauite da biste bili spremni za ispit krajem semestra?
7. [B] ta morate raditi preko ljeta da ne biste zaboravili bosanski?

[C] to morate raditi preko ljeta da ne biste zaboravili hrvatski?
[S] ta morate da radite preko leta da ne biste zaboravili srpski?
Dubrovnik city walls
The verse epic Judita, published in 1501 by the Split poet Marko Maruli, was the first work of literature to
appear in print in Croatian. For the next century and a half, there was a great amount of literary activity in
Croatian along the Adriatic coast and on the islands. Although much of language of this Renaissance poetry
is viewed today as somewhat archaic, that of the comedies by Marin Dri, written in the 1550s, is suffi-
ciently close to todays Croatian that the plays are still read and performed. The coastal area was important
culturally until the early 19th century, when it passed from Venetian to Austro-Hungarian control after the
Napoleonic conquest. By 1830, the focus of cultural life in the Croatian lands had shifted to Zagreb.
For more information about on Croatian culture and Croatian literature in English, consult the additional
reading lists at http://www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org/
285
C1
[B,C] Napiite tekst (oko 200 rijei) o jelu koje ne volite. Objasnite zato ga ne volite.
[S] Napiite tekst (oko 200 rei) o jelu koje ne volite. Objasnite zato ga ne volite.
C2
Prevedite svaku prvu reenicu na engleski, a ostale reen ice na B, C, ili S.
1. a. Tri kao da leti!

b. They should study as if this is the exam of their life.
c. Live as if you will die tomorrow but learn as if you will live forever.
-- Mahatma Gandhi [B,C] Gandi [S]
2. a. Njih dvojica su godinama bili suparnici.

b. The three of them* are excellent poets. (* group containing both men and women)
c. The ten of them** were friends.
(**write three different translations: i) them = a group of men,
ii) them = a group of women, iii) them = a group of both men and women)
3. a. [B,C] Prije nego to su se vratili u Zagreb, i Mato i Ujevi su ivjeli u nekoliko gradova.
[S] Pre nego to su se vratili u Zagreb, i Mato i Ujevi su iveli u nekoliko gradova.
b. After she slammed the door, the lying beauty vanished into history.
c. Before the chilly darkness fell, a bell sobbed.
4. a. [B,C] Budui da su magle skrivale kuice i toranj, cesta se nije mogla jasno vidjeti.
[S] Budui da su magle skrivale kuice i toranj, put se nije mogao jasno videti.
b. Since she was from a small place, she didnt like living in a big city.
c. The poets brow is burning, since he will die of beauty tonight.
5. a. [B] Kad god putujemo vozom, uvijek itamo novine.

[C] Kad god putujemo vlakom, uvijek itamo novine.
[S] Kad god putujemo vozom, uvek itamo novine.
b. Wherever you live, you are with us.
c. Whomever you write to, send my regards.
6. a. Nije mu stalo ni do ega.

b. She cared for him.
c. We cared for them.
7. a. [B,C] Koliko god je uio, nije nikada uspio nauiti fran cuski.
[S] Koliko god je uio, nije nikada uspeo da naui francuski.
b. Whatever you want, you can have.
c. Call me whenever you need me.
Pria: Bazdulj
[B,C] Proitati sedmi deo iz prie Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharema Bazdulja (str. 354).
[S] Proitati sedmi dio iz prie Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharema Bazdulja (str. 354).
286
A1 21
devetnaesti nineteenth prijei, prijeem to go across (P)

nestajati, nestajem to disappear (I) prenoiti, prenoim to spend the night (P)
nean, nena tender slavuj, slavuja nightingale
njean, njena tender smeh, smeha lfraughter
prag threshold smijeh, smijeh a laughter
prei, preem to go across (P)
OIJU TVOJIH DA NIJE

Vasko Popa
Oiju tvojih da nije

Ne bi bilo neba
U slepom naem stanu
Smeh a tvoga da nema

Zidovi ne bi nikad
Iz oiju nestajali
Slavuja tvojih da nije

Vrbe ne bi nikad
Nene preko praga prele
Ruku tvojih da nije

Sunce ne bi nikad
U snu naem prenoilo.
287
apstraktan, apstraktna abstract (adj.) odreen certain, definite

celina whole pesniki poetic
cjelina whole pjesniki poetic
celovit complete nepoin-polje unrest-field
cjelovit complete poinuti, poinem to rest (P)
ciklus cycle poetski poetic
dlan palm of hand polje field
figura figure poput + Gen similar to
funkcionirati, funkcion iram [B,C] to function (I) postojei existing
funkcionisati, funkcioniem [B,S] to function (I) prvobitan, prvobitna initial
iskaz statement razina [C] level
izraziti, izrazim to express (P) sadrati, sadrim to contain (P)
karakter character sloen complex
kora bark stilski stylistic
koren root ator tent
korijen root upeatljiv striking
naziv ati, nazivam to call (I) zamisao, zamisli (f) concept
nivo, nivoa [B,C,S] level
.
, ,
.
, , . O
, (1953).
.
: / - /
. ,
- .
(1956).
, 1968. 1982.,
e e, e a .
288
Belgrade apartment buildings at night in the snow
Belgrade: St. Marks Church
289
A2 22
izgovoriti, izgovorim to pronounce (P) poniziti, ponizim to humiliate (P)

izricati, izriem to pronounce, to declare (I) presuda verdict, sentence
lagati, laem to tell a lie (I) radije more readily
laan, lana false slabost, slabosti (f) weakness
milosrdan, milosrdna merciful unesreiti to make unhappy (P)
milosre mercy uvrediti, uvredim to insult (P)
nazreti, nazrem to catch sight of (P) uvrijed iti, uvrijedim to insult (P)
obrazina mask zderati, zderem to tear off (P)
pomilovan je clemency, pardon
ZA LAI IZGOVORENE IZ MILOSRA

Desanka Maksimovi
Traim pomilovanje
za one koji nemaju snage
zlome kazati da je zao
niti ravome da je rav,
za onoga kome je ao
oveka istinom unesreiti,
za ljude koji lau iz milosra.
Za oveka koji e ponien biti
radije nego koga da ponizi,
za onoga koji i kad nazre
obrazinu kome na licu
nema srca da je zdere,
za ljude koji ne mogu da uvrede
ni oveka druge misli i vere,
za one koji nikad ne bi mogli
drugome presude da izriu,
kojima se sve sudije ine stroge,
za svaku milosrdnu lanu priu
i sline njima slabosti mnoge.
290
autorica [B,C] [female] author nekolicin a a few

autorka [S] [female] author podnaslov subheading
car emperor pojedinac, pojedinca individual
diskusija discussion posedovati, posedujem to possess (I)
drutven social posjedovati, posjedujem to possess (I)
glas voice potraga search
grupirati, grupiram [B,C] to group (I/P) potreba need
grupisati, grupiem [B,S] to group (I/P) pravda justice
identificir ati [C] to identify (I/P) predstavljati to represent (I)
identifikovati, to identify (I/P) ravnotea balance
identifikujem [B,S] remek-delo masterpiece
inae otherwise remek-djelo masterpiece
izrei, izreknem to articulate (P) sloboda freedom
kriti, krim to violate [law or rule] (I) tuma, tumaa interpreter
lirski lyrical zakon law
moan, mona powerful zakonik code of laws
neimenovan unnamed zakonodavac, zakonodavca lawmaker
(1964) -
. 59
e .
: j , e e
e, 1349. .
, a
. je a
( e) .
.
, , .
, , o .
, a.
Emperor Duan The Code of Laws

of Emperor Duan
291
The medieval Serbian state, under the rule of the Nemanja dynasty, reached its peak with the reign of
Stefan Duan the Mighty (1331-1355), who was crowned Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks in 1346. At
its height, Duans empire stretched from the Sava and the Danube in the north to the Gulf of Corinth in the
south. Serbia under the Nemanja dynasty is known for its achievements in literature, architecture and
painting. Perhaps its most notable achievement, however, is the Law Code (zakonik) established by Duan
in 1349 and 1354. After Duans sudden death in 1355 the empire gradually disintegrated, and the growing
might of the Ottoman Turks led to their eventual conquest of Serbia. The memory of the medieval state and
its achievements kept Serbian identity alive through the long centuries of Ottoman rule.
For more about Serbian history, culture, and Serbian literature in English translation, consult the "addi-
tional reading" lists at http://www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org/
A3
bedem rampart nevolja trouble

besediti (archaic) to talk (I) obigrati to ride around, to fly around (P)
besjediti (archaic) to talk (I) ostareo, ostarela elderly
beli dan broad daylight ostario, ostarjela elderly
bijeli dan broad daylight postelja bed
dohvatiti to grab hold of (P) povrnuti, povrnem to return (P)
dozivati, dozivam to call out to (I) putalj (archaic) steed
glas word, news skoiti, skoim to jump (P)
golem enormous strela arrow
hajduk, hajduka brigand strijela arrow
izneti, iznesem to carry out (P) sviice (archaic) undergarment
iznijeti, iznesem to carry out (P) tamnica dungeon
izvideti, izvidim to scout (P) ubiti, ubijem to kill (P)
izvidjeti, izvidim to scout (P) uiniti, uinim to make, to do (P)
izvijati, izvijam to soar (I) upaziti to notice (P)
knjiga epistle, letter uraniti to get up early (P)
kukati to moan, to keen vakat, vakta age, time
kukavica cuckoo vilen wild, fiery
kula tower zauti se, zaujem se to suddenly be heard (P)
lagan light zakukati to burst into wails; to coo
lastavica swallow like a cuckoo bird (P)
mek soft zeman, zeman a (archaic) time
nakititi to decorate (P) zlato gold
SIBINJANIN JANKO U TAMNICU U TATARINU GRADU

Stanko Piurica
[...]
Zakukala kukavica crn a
U Sibinju gradu bijelome Sibinj: a Croatian town in Slavonia near the
A na kulu Banovi Sekule border with Bosnia
Kad joj vakta ni zemana nema Sekul Banovi: the protagonist
O Mitrovu jesenjemu danu. Mitrov dan: St. Dimitrius Day, November 8th
Pree zore i bijela dana pree [= pred]
292
Na to uo Banovi Sekule
e spavae u postelju meku e [= gdje]
pa kad uo kukavicu crnu
Skoi Sekul na noge lagane
Samo golo u golu koulju
E na njemu bijele sviice
Pa dovati od zlata strijelu dovati [= dohvati]
Iznese je pred bijelu kulu
Obigraje prebijelu kulu obigraje [= obigra]
A gledae na bed emu kuli
e e crnu viet kukavicu. viet [= vidjeti]
Kad pogleda na prozor od kule
E ugleda ostarilu majku ostarila [=ostarjela]
E e kuka, ka i kukavica ka [= kao]
A izvija ka i lastavica.
A kad vie Banovi Sekule vie [= vidje]
Strijelu je zlatnu ostavijo ostavijo [= ostavio]
Pa doziva ostarjelu majku
Stara majko da te Bog ubije
to si jutros uranila majko
Na bijelu od kamena kulu
O jesenju Mitrovome danu o + Loc: on, at
Kak a ti je golema nevolja kaka [= kakva]
Ko je tebe alos uinijo alos [= alost] uinijo: [= uinio]
Za ivota Banovi Sekule
Kad to zau ostarila Janja
Stara Janja Sekulina majka
Ta ovako sinu besidila besidila [= besjedila]
No moj sine Banovi Sekule
Ako kukam i nevolja mi je
Moj Sekule moj jedini sine
Ti nijesi sine upazijo nijesi [= nisi]
Imala sam brata jedinoga upazijo [=upazio]
Brata moga od Sibinja Janka
Evo ima dvanaes godina dvanaes [= dvan aest]
Kad je Janko poo u ajduke. poo [= poao] ajduk [= hajduk]
Na njegova vilena putalja
Nema Janka ni od Janka glasa.
Pa moj sine Banovi Sekule
etrdes sam nakitila knjiga etrdes [etrdeset]
Na etrdes bijelijeh grada bijelijeh [bijelih]
293
Traila sam po knjigama Janka
Svaka mi se natrag povrnula
E, kauju nema tamo Janka. kauju [kazuju]
[...]
A page from the transcription of the epic poem sung by Stanko Piurica
epan Prkain singing epic verse and

accompanying himself on the gusle.
294
The epic singer Stanko Piurica is Montenegrin. The excerpt above is from a song recorded in the town of
Kolain in June, 1935. Although the story of the song Stanko sings here takes place in the town of Sibinj in
Croatia, the language of the song, including words such as e, pree, viet' and nijesi, is distinctly
Montenegrin. The choice of an epic poem as representative of Montenegrin culture pays homage to Monte-
negros strong tradition of poetry, from the mid-19th century written epics of Prince-Bishop Petar Petrovi
Njego to poets such as Mihailo Lali and Matija Bekovi and the most recent generation. But it is
important to note that the epic song tradition is not limited to Montenegro; it is part of the cultural heritage
wherever Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian are spoken.
aluminijski aluminum otvarati, otvaram to open (I)

blago treasure peva, pevaa singer
digitalni digital pevati to compose verse (I)
disk disk pjeva, pjevaa singer
epski epic (adj.) pjevati to compose verse (I)
forma form podstai, podstaknem to encourage (P)
glazbalo [C] musical instrument posledica consequence
gusle (pl. form) gusle (one-stringed posljedica consequence
instrument) postepen gradual
hrianski [B,S] Christian (adj.) predstaviti to present (P)
instrument [B,C,S] musical instrument prenositi, prenosim to transmit (I)
interesovanje [B,S] interest presudan, presudna decisive, fateful
izuavati, izuavam to make a study of (I) prikupiti to bring together (P)
jedin stven unique sakupljati, sakupljam [B,S] to collect, to amass (I)
jednoian, jednoina one-stringed sastaviti to assemble (P)
junaki heroic saznavati, saznajem to learn, to glean (I)
junoslavenski [C] South Slavic (adj.) skupljati, skupljam [B,C] to collect, to amass (I)
junoslov enski [B,S] South Slavic (adj.) Slav en, Slavena [B,C] Slav
koleno generation Sloven, Sloven a [B,S] Slav
koljeno generation snimiti, snimim to record (P)
kranski [C] Christian (adj.) spevati to compose verse (P)
kulturan, kulturna cultural spjevati to compose verse (P)
metriki metrical tradicionalan, tradicionalna traditional
muslimanski Muslim (adj.) ukoliko inasmuch as
narodni of the people, national umetniki artistic
ouvati, ouvam to preserve (P) umjetniki artistic
oseaj feeling unutra inside
osjeaj feeling vladavina rule
osmanski Ottoman znaaj significance
EPSKA POEZIJA
Junaka epska poezija je vaan dio junoslovenske kulturne batine. U toku dugog
perioda osmanske vladavine, juni Sloveni su koristili epsku poeziju da bi ouvali svoju istoriju i
osjeaj za sopstvenu kulturu. Epske pesme, koje su spjevane u posebnoj metrikoj formi korie-
noj samo za epsku poeziju i pjevane uz gusle, tradicionalni jednoini instrument, prenesene su
sa koljena na koljeno. 1814. godine Vuk Stefanovi Karadi je uinio neto od presudnog
znaaja kada je poeo sakupljati i objavljivati srpske narodne pjesme. Predstavivi ovaj tradicio-
nalni umjetniki oblik svjetskoj javnosti, Vuk je i podstakao interesovanje za prikupljanje kultur-
295
nog blaga i to interesovanje traje do dana dan anjeg. Najveu i najjedinstveniju zbirku epskih
pjesama, meutim, sastavila su dva amerika naunika, Milman Peri* i Albert Lord, snimivi
pjesme kako od hrianskih tako i od muslimanskih pjevaa u Crnoj Gori, Srbiji i Bosni na
aluminijske diskove tridesetih godina dvadesetog vijeka. Ova zbirka se uva na Univerzitetu
Harvard i postepeno se objavljuje u digitalnom obliku preko interneta.
Ukoliko neko eli vie da sazna o radu Perija i Lorda, i o epskoj tradiciji koju su
izuavali, taj moe da pogleda knjigu The Singer of Tales, Harvard University Press, May, 2000.
*The English spelling is Milman Parry. The website of the archive which bears his name (the Milman Parry
Collection of Oral Literature) is: http://chs119.harvard.edu/mpc/
Photographs of Montenegro
Note about the language of Montenegro: The most characteristic mark of Montenegrin is its systematically
ijekavian character, which includes not only ijekavian forms but also negated forms of biti (nijesam, nijesi,
etc.) and certain adjectival endings such as starijem (instead of starim), which are considered archaic
elsewhere in BCS but are the norm in Montenegrin. The sound sequences pronounced elsewhere in
ijekavian regions as tj and dj are pronounced by Montenegrins as and , for instance erati, evojka, e
(instead of tjerati, djevojka, [g]dje). There are also a number of words (and pronunciations) that are felt to
be characteristically Montenegrin, such as sjutra tomorrow and zboriti speak. In overall terms,
Montenegrin vocabulary has much more in common with Serbian than with Bosnian or Croatian. Students
wishing to focus on Montenegrin should learn forms marked [J] and [S] in this book and consult
http://www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org/ for more information.
296
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
B1
[B,C] Podijelite ov e tri pjesme meu studentima, i neka svaki student naui jednu od njih napamet.
Treba svega 20-ak stihova nauiti od pjesme Stanka Piurice.
[S] a,
. 20- .
B2
[B,C] Prepriajte vjebe 9A1, 9A2, 9A3, 9A4, 10A1, 10A2, 10A3 u parovima.
[S] Prepriajte vebe 9A1, 9A2, 9A3, 9A4, 10A1, 10A2, 10A3 u parovima.
B3
PITANJA
1. OIJU TVOJIH DA NIJE
a. [B,C] Pjesma se otvara s rijeima Oiju tvojih da nije / Ne bi bilo neba. Iz ovih rijei
saznajemo, dakle, da neba ima u stanu kao posljedica toga to postoje oi jedne osobe. eg a,
osim oiju i neba, jo ima u ovoj pjesmi?
[S] O / .
, , .
, , ?
b. [B] ta nam pjesma govori o stanu?

[C] to nam pjesma govori o stanu?
[S] ?
c. [B,C] Kak av je odnos u pjesmi izmeu svijeta vani i ivota unutra?

[S] ?
2. ZA LAI IZGOVORENE IZ MILOSRA:
a. [B,C] Koliko ima vrsti ljudi u pjesmi za koje pjesnik trai milosre?
[S] Koliko ima vrsti ljudi u pesmi za koje pesnik trai milosre?
b. [B,C] Biste li vi imali snage zlome rei da je zao? Jeste li ikada to i uinili?
[S] Da li biste vi imali snage zlome kazati da je zao? Da li ste to ikad a i ucinili?
c. [B] Biste li radije bili ponieni nego da nekog ponizite?

[C] Biste li radije bili ponieni nego nekog poniziti?
[S] Da li biste radije bili ponieni nego da nekog pon izite?
d. [B] Biste li vi mogli da budete sudija i da izriete presude?

[C] Biste li vi mogli biti sudac i izricati presude?
[S] Da li biste vi mogli da budete sudija i da izriete presude?
297
e. [B] Ko vam je blii po prirodi, car Du an sa svojim zakonikom, ili pjesnik sa svojom potrebom
za milosrem?
[C] Tko vam je blii po prirodi, car Duan sa svojim zakonikom, ili pjesnik sa svojom potrebom
za milosrem?
[S] Ko vam je blii po prirodi, car Du an sa svojim zakonikom, ili pesnik sa svojom potrebom
za milosrem?
3. SIBINJANIN JANKO U TAMNICU U TATARINU GRADU
a. [B,C] Kako se zove mjesto gdje ivi Sekul Banovi?

[S] ?
b. [B] ta je probudilo Sekula Banovia? ta je mislio da uje, a ta je stvarno uo?

[C] to je probudilo Sekula Banovia? to je mislio da uje, a to je stvarno uo?
[S] ? , e ?
c. [B,C] Kako njemu majka objanjava zbog ega je zakukala na bijeloj kuli?
[S] ?
d. [B] ta se dogodilo majinom bratu Janku?

[C] to se dogodilo majinom bratu Janku?
[S] ?
e. [B] ta je majka uinila da bi Janka pronala?

[C] to je majka uinila da bi Janka pronala?
[S] ?
Murat Zuni (singer from the Biha region) performing an epic poem
298
C1
Prevedite na B, C, ili S:
1. In order to study BCS, you must do your homework every day.
2. She is the woman I saw at the store.
3. In order to go to Croatia, Serbia, or Bosnia and Herzegovina you should travel by plane.
4. Think as if you were ten years younger!
5. Anyone would have written the homework better than we did.
6. Wherever you go, be happy!
7. The hand you are writing with is your stronger hand.
8. In order to be able to read Serbian Cyrillic easily, you must practice frequently.
9. Whenever I think of you, I say your name.
10. They are going to see a movie in which everybody is sad in the end.
11. With whom are you traveling this summer? With the sister who arrived here from Zagreb, or
with the brother whose house you are living in?
12. What kind of milk do you drink your coffee with?
13. Whenever he danced, he delighted the viewers.
14. Please use your own furniture, and I will use mine.
C2
Prevedite na B, C, or S:
Vasko Popa was born in 1922 in a small Serbian village near the Serbian-Romanian border. In
1940 he moved to Belgrade to study Romance languages and literatures. Then World War II
began. Because of the war he studied in Bucharest and Vienna. He returned to the University of
Belgrade after the war, and graduated in 1949 in French studies. His first book, Kora, in which
the poem Oiju tvojih da nije appeared, was published in 1953. He spent years working on each
of his eight collections of poetry. All of his books have been beautifully translated into English.
Desanka Maksimovi was born in 1898 in central Serbia in the village of Brankovina, where she
lived as a child, the eldest of eight. In 1918, at the end of World War I, when she was twenty, her
family moved to Belgrade, the city in which she lived until the end of her life. She studied
comparative literature at Belgrade University and started writing poetry while she was a student.
299
Her first book of verse was published in Belgrade in 1924. After that, she was an active poet for
more than seventy years. Her book Traim pomilovanje was her most popular. She published her
last collection of poetry (its title is Pamtiu sve) in 1988 when she was ninety years old, and died
five years later, in 1993.
Stanko Piurica. It is known that Stanko Piurica was from the village of Rovca near Ivangrad in
Montenegro, and that he was 65 years old when his singing was recorded by Milman Parry in the
town of Kolain on June 25, 1935. Therefore one concludes that he was born in 1870. It is known
that he was not able to read or write.
C3
[B] Napiite kratak tekst (200 rijei) o tome gdje biste putovali po Bosni i Herzegovini, Hrv atskoj i / ili
Srbiji, i to biste rad ili dok ste tamo. Ako neete moi putov ati po tim krajevima u blioj budunosti, piite
o tome ta biste rad ili da moete.
[C] Napiite kratak tekst (200 rijei) o tome gdje biste putovali po Bosni i Herzegovini, Hrv atskoj i / ili
Srbiji, i to biste radili dok ste tamo. Ako ne ete moi putov ati po tim krajevima u blioj budunosti, piite
o tome to biste rad ili da moete.
[S] Napiite kratak tekst (200 rei) o tome gde biste putovali po Bosni i Herzegovini, Hrvatskoj i / ili
Srbiji, i ta biste rad ili dok ste tamo. Ako neete moi da putujete po tim krajevima u blioj budunosti,
piite o tome ta biste radili da moete.
Pria: Bazdulj
[B,C] Proitajte osmi dio iz prie Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharema Bazdulja (str. 356).
[S] Proitajte osmi deo iz prie Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharema Bazdulja (str. 356).
300
U zagrljaju rijeke
Miro Gavran
I 39
buka noise poslepodne, poslepodneva afternoon

dopirati, dopirem to reach, to get poslijepodne, poslijepodneva afternoon
through to (I) pretraga [B,C] medical test
dostojanstvo dignity prevaliti, prevalim to cover, to pass (P)
dvadeseti twentieth prodreti, prodrem to penetrate (P)
ispitiv anje [B,S] medical test prodrijeti, prodrem to penetrate (P)
kuna nega home care proziran, prozirna transparent
kuna njega home care svojevrstan, svojevrsna of a kind
nejestiv inedible trosed three-seat sofa
neuverljiv unconvincing trosjed three-seat sofa
neuvjer ljiv unconvincing umiriv ati, umirujem to soothe, to calm (I)
odavati, od ajem to betray (I) vreva bustle
oporavak, oporavka convalescence zavesa curtain
otpustiti, otpustim to release (P) zavjesa curtain
pacijent [hospital] patient zagrljaj embrace
Dan as su u nau sobu smjestili jo jednog pacijenta. Zove se imun. ini mi se da je prevalio
sedamdesetu godinu. Njegovo lice odaje mir, svojevrsno dostojanstvo. Dugu i bogatu ivotnu
priu.
Premda sam iz lijenikovih rijei zakljuio da je ozbiljno bolestan, on kao da se ne boji nie-
ga. Poslat e ga na sve mogue pretrage, i to hitno, jo ovo poslijepodne. ure se, veoma se ure.
Sada nas je u sobi estoro. Ako bude sree, za tjedan dana e me otpustiti na kunu njegu.
Lijenik je zadovoljan mojim oporavkom.
Hrana je grozna. Nejestiva. Smeta mi buka koja dopire kroz prozor. Bolnice bi trebali graditi
daleko od gradske vreve. Smeta mi sunce koje prodre kroz neuvjerljive prozirne zavjese. Tako
bih volio biti doma u svojoj sobi, na trosjedu. Sluati umirujuu glazbu, itati novine, igrati se s
kerkom, razgovarati sa suprugom.
301
II 40
bolesniki patient-related optuivati, optuujem to accuse (I)

uenje surprise oteti se, otmem se to escape (P)
dim smoke oeniti, oenim to marry (P)
dodirnuti, dodirnem to touch (P) pecanje fishing
fabrika [B,S] factory pravilo rule
gubitak, gubitka loss prekinuti, prek inem to interrupt (P)
izmenjivatii, izmenjujem to alternate (I) priviknuti se, priviknem se to get used to (P)
izmjenjivati, izmjen jujem to alternate (I) prodati to sell (P)
izvui se, izvuem se to wiggle out (P) promeniti, promenim to change (P)
jednolian, jednolina monotonous promijeniti, promijenim to change (P)
krivac, kriv ca culprit protekli last [period of time]
lebdeti, lebdim to hover (I) ritam, ritma rhythm
lebdjeti, lebdim to hover (I) slag ati, slaem to arrange (I)
mainski [B,S] mechanical smiraj tranquility
miris smell, fragrance strojarski [C] mechanical
mozaik mosaic krt meager
nastaviti to continue (P) tvornica [B,C] factory
neak nephew uz up, along
nepunih 15 godina not quite 15 vinograd vineyard
odiveti, odivim to live out (P) vrnjakinja woman of same age
odivjeti, odiv im to live out (P) zreo, zrela mature
opravdati to justify (P) ivotan, ivotna vital
Stojimo u dnu bolesnikog hodnika. imun i ja. Puimo, razgovaramo. Dugi dimovi se iz-
mjenjuju s kratkim reenicama. Od krtih informacija slaem mozaik njegova ivota.
Do prije dvadeset godina ivio je u Iloku, gradiu na Dunavu. Imao je velik vinograd...
Oenio je svoju vrnjakinju od devetnaeste godine ivjeli su mirno i sretno.
Nisu imali djecu prihvatili su to kao Boju volju, ne traei krivca, ne optuujui ni nebo
ni sebe.
Svake nedjelje iao je na pecanje, na Dunav, uivajui u trenucima provedenim uz rijeku.
Osjeao je da se samo ondje tiina moe dodirnuti rukom, a dua nai smiraj nakon napornog
radnog tjedna.
Jednoga dana njegov brat i supruga poginuli su u prometnoj nesrei. Iza njih ostala su dva
sina Josip je imao dvanaest godina, a Marko nepunih petnaest.
Nije elio da neaci nakon gubitka roditelja izgube i grad u kojem su roeni prodao je
svoju kuu i vinograd i preselio se u Zagreb.
Promijenio je nain ivota. Otvorio je trgovinu i odluio osigurati svojim neacima dobar
ivot i najbolje kolovanje.
- Divni su to deki. Sada su ve zreli ljudi. Oenjeni, jedan ima sina, drugi kerku. Upoznat
ete ih, kad mi dou u posjet.
- Nisu jo bili?! otelo mi se pitanje i uenje to ga u ova tri dana nisu posjetili neaci.
-Vjerojatno imaju mnogo obaveza. Josip predaje na Strojarskom fakultetu, a Marko je ravna-
telj tvornice pokuao ih je imun opravdati.
Potom je nastavio sa svojom ivotnom priom. U proteklih dvadeset godina pokuavao se
priviknuti na ritam velikog grada nedostajao mu je njegov vinograd i pecanje na Dunavu.
302
Prole jeseni umrla mu je supruga. Nakon toga vie se niemu nije znao radovati. Osjeao se
da je odivio ivot do kraja.
Uspjelo mu je i jednom i drugom neaku kupiti udobne stanove, pomoi im da se dobro pri-
preme za ivot koji je bio pred njima.
Medicinska sestra je prekinula na razgovor:
- Gospodo puai, jo samo vas dvojicu ekamo. Vrijeme je za veeru.
Zar ba moramo veerati pokuao sam se izvui, jer je jednolian miris hrane lebdio hod-
nikom.
- Morate. Pravila su pravila.
III 41
blizina nearness po cimetu of cinammon

cimet cinnamon poljubac, poljupca kiss
dosegnuti, dosegnem to reach (P) posetiteljica female visitor
dovesti, dovedem to bring (P) posjetiteljica female visitor
goditi to please (I) prepoznavati, prepoznajem to recognize (I)
izlazak, izlaska exit raspitivati se, raspitujem se to inquire (I)
nadvladati, nadvladam to overcome (P) skoranji forthcoming
nalaz finding, report smejati se, smejem se [S] to laugh (I)
napraviti to make (P) smijati se, smijem se [B,C] to laugh (I)
naprotiv on the contrary spoznati to realize (P)
nasloniti to lean, to rest (P) svakidanjica everyday life
nuan, nuna necessary trudla strudel
oaj despair veoma very
operacija operation veseliti se to be glad (I)
osmeh smile zahvaliti se, zahvalim se to thank (P)
osmijeh smile zamirisati, zamirie to start smelling (P)
osmogodinji eight-year zavist (f) envy
panja attention
Nedugo iza doruka dola mi je u posjet supruga. Dovela je i nau kerku. Obradovao sam
se njihovoj blizini, njihovim glasovima i osmijesima. Tek u bolnici spoznao sam koliko njih dvije
znae, koliko ih volim.
Supruga mi je donijela trudlu od jabuka, koju je jutros za mene napravila. Cijela soba je
zamirisala po cimetu. Godila mi je njezina panja. Zahvalio sam joj se dugim njenim poljupcem.
Moja osmogodinja kerka popela se na moj krevet i naslonila glavu na jastuk, kao da smo
doma.
Razgovaramo, smijemo se. Vesele se to za pet dana izlazim iz bolnice. Prenose mi pozdrave
prijatelja koji su se proteklih dana raspitivali o mome zdravlju.
Odjednom mi je postalo neugodno to sa enom priam o izlasku iz bolnice, o povratku u
svakidanjicu, dok na susjednom krevetu lei imun za ije dananje nalaze lijenici su rekli da
su veoma loi i da je nuna hitna operacija.
- imune, da vas upoznam. Ovo je moja supruga, a ovo je naa kerka.
imun im uz osmijeh prui ruku. Na licu mu ne prepoznajem zavist zbog mog skoranjeg
izlaska iz bolnice, niti zbog mojih posjetiteljica. Naprotiv, kao da je sretan zbog moj e sree.
Hou li ja dosegnuti takav mir kad budem u njegovim godinama? Hou li ja imati snage
nadvladati strah i oaj kad se jednog dana primakne moj kraj?
303
IV 42
bol pain (f) predloiti, predloim to propose (P)

drzak, drska rude, insolent pregled medical examination
gotovo almost prekosutra day after tomorrow
istinski truly prepisati, prep iem to sign over (P)
izgledi prospects prii, priem to come over to (P)
iznenaditi, iznen adim to surprise (P) predlog proposal
leaj bed prijed log proposal
nagovarati, nagovaram to urge (I) prilian, prilina considerable
naslednik heir progovoriti, progovorim to speak out (P)
nasljednik heir razotkriti se, razotkrijem se to disclose oneself (P)
netaktian, netaktina tactless riskantan, riskantna risky
obii, obiem to circumvent; to visit (P) rub edge
oporuka will susresti, susretnem to meet (P)
othraniti, othranim to rear, to nurture (P) svedok, svedoka witness
pomirljiv conciliatory svjedok, svjedoka witness
poten honest, honorable zainteresiranost, -osti [B,C] interest, concern (f)
poutati, to fall silent briefly (P) zainteresovanost, -osti [B,S] interest, concern (f)
poutam [B,S] zakonski legal
poutjeti, poutim [C] to fall silent briefly (P) zapan jiti, zap anjim to astonish (P)
potroiti, potroim to spend, to waste (P) zapoeti, zaponem to start in (P)
Poslije podne se pojavio Marko.

Brzim korakom priao je imunovu krevetu, pruio mu ruku, sjeo na rub leaja i zapoeo
razgovor, kao da pred sobom ima poslovnog partnera, a ne strica koji ga je othranio.
Osjeao sam da u njegovim pitanjima o imunovu zdravlju nema istinske zainteresiranosti
za to kako se osjea njegov stric.
Drao sam novine pred sobom, ne mogavi ih itati, jer sam sluajno bio svjedok njihova
razgovora.
Marko je na trenutak poutio, a potom netaktino progovorio:
- Doktor kae da prekosutra mora na operaciju.
- Na alost, moram.
- Kae da e biti prilino riskantno. Da si zakasnio gotovo dva mjeseca.
- Znam.
- Da si otiao na pregled prije mjesec dan a kad se javila prva bol, kad sam te nagovarao na
to, sada bi imao bolje izglede.
- Bolje ne misliti o tome to bi bilo da je bilo pomirljivo odgovori imun.
- Vidi, htio sam ti neto predloiti.
- Reci.
- Moda bi bilo dobro da prije operacije napie oporuku.
- Oporuku?! Zato? Ako umrem, ti i Josip sve dijelite na dva dijela. Vi ste mi jedini na-
sljednici. Zakonski je sve jasno.
- Nije te ni obiao. On ima sigurniji posao od moga. Na njega si potroio vie nego na mene.
Njemu si platio i postdiplomski studij u inozemstvu. Mislim da bi bilo poteno da svoj stan prepi-
e na mene.
304
- Misli da bi to bilo poteno!? zapanjeno je ponovio imun, iznenaen drskim prijed-
logom.
- Da. Ako se odlui, sutra u ti doi u posjet s odvjetnikom. Donijet emo prijedlog opo-
ruke. Razmisli do sutra. Ne mora odmah rei svoje miljenje.
Moj pogled se susreo sa imunovim. Bilo mu je neugodno to se pred mojim oima njegov
neak Marko razotkrio u pravom svjetlu.
V 43
celokupan, celokupna entire prije negoli before

cigar eta cigarette prineti, prinesem to bring up to (P)
cjelokupan, cjelokupna entire prinijeti, prinesem to bring up to (P)
drven wooden proetati, proetam to take a walk (P)
dulje longer puenje smoking
fotografija photograph raniti to wound (P)
hiniti, hinim [C] to feign (I) razoarati se, razoaram se to be disappointed (P)
izdrati, izdrim to endure (P) ribi, ribia fisherman
izdan je [B,C,S] edition reni river (adj.)
izvui, izvuem to extract (P) rijeni river (adj.)
kimnuti, kimnem to nod (P) sabrati, saberem to collect (P)
leinar vulture shvaati to grasp (I)
lukav sly skupiti se to curl up (P)
malen small stil style
naklada [C] edition sapatnik [B,S] fellow sufferer
nasledstvo inheritance supatnik [C] fellow sufferer
nasljedstvo inheritance suptilan, suptilna subtle
obasjav ati, obasjavam to cast light on (I) svetiljka lamp
operirati, oper iram [B,C] to operate (I/P) svjetiljka lamp
operisati, oper iem [B,S] to operate (I/P) tampati [B,S] to print (I)
oznaiva, oznaivaa marker tiskati [C] to print (I)
pogledati to glance at (P) ugasiti, ugasim to extinguish (P)
popuiti to have a smoke (P) umetnuti, umetnem to insert, to put into (P)
potpisati, potpiem to sign (P) usnuti, usnem to fall asleep (P)
praviti se [B,C,S] to feign, to pretend (I) uzvodno upstream
premda although zautati, zautam [B,S] to fall suddenly silent (P)
pribor za pecanje fishing gear zautjeti, zautim [C] to fall suddenly silent (P)
Sutradan, nakon doruka, pojavio se Josip. Imao je iste ideje kao i njegov brat. Razlikovali
su se samo po stilu.
Josip je bio suptilniji, lukaviji, manje izravan. Mnogo dulje od Marka hinio je zabrinutost za
imunovo zdravlje, prije negoli je postavio pitanje nasljedstva, prije negoli je predloio da jo tog
poslijepodneva dovede svoga odvjetnika i da stric potpie ve pripremljenu oporuku.
Bilo mi je tuno gledati imunovo razoarano lice. Skupio se na krevetu poput ranjene ivo-
tinje nad kojom krue nestrpljivi leinari.
Nisam vie izdrao.
Iziao sam na hodnik proetati i popuiti cigaretu, premda mi nije bilo ni do etnje, ni do
puenja.
No je.
305
Svi moji supatnici spavaju. Svi osim imuna. Samo njegova nona svjetiljka krto obasjava
knjigu koju dri u ruci.
Primijetio je moj pogled.
- Ako Vam smeta, ugasit u svjetlo predloio je.
- Ne, ne. I tako mi se ne spava odgovorio sam.
Sutra u podne e ga operirati. No uoi operacije teko je usnuti. Tako je bilo i prije moje
operacije.
- to itate?
- Pjesme. Pjesme o vodi, tako se zove knjiga. Jedan moj prijatelj, ribi, prije petnaestak
godina sabrao je u ovoj knjizi sve pjesme o vodi do kojih je mogao doi. Knjigu je tiskao u svojoj
nakladi, u samo stotinjak primjeraka. Nije je prodav ao. Cjelokupnu nakladu podijelio je svojim
prijateljima. Ne rastajem se od nje ve godinama. Treina pjesama posveena je Dunavu, mojoj
rijeci.
Zautio je na trenutak.
- Ondje sam bio najsretniji. ivjeti uz rijeku, to je tak o posebno. Uz rijeku je sve lake. Ne
znam shvaate li me?
Kimnuo sam glavom.
imun je iz knjige izvukao fotografiju koja je bila umetnuta kao oznaiva stranica.
- Pogledajte!
Uzeo sam fotografiju i prinio je oima. Na njoj se vidjela malena drvena kua na rijenoj
obali.
- Tu smo se okupljali. Svake nedjelje. U toj kuici smo drali pribor za pecanje. Dva-tri kilo-
metra uzvodno od Iloka.
VI 44
dijeta diet onamo there, in that direction

izlaziti, izlazim to go out, to leave (I) oporaviti se to recover (P)
izuzeti, izuzmem to exclude (P) opratati, opratam to bid farewell (I)
kriv guilty optimizam, optimizma optimism
liiti, liim (na) [B,S] to resemble (I) otkriti, otkrijem to discover (P)
ma ta [B,S] no matter what pokazati, pokaem to demonstrate (P)
ma to [C] no matter what sakriti, sakrijem to conceal (P)
materijalan, materijalna material (adj.) sliiti (na) [B,C] to resemble (I)
muan, muna agonizing suditi, sudim to judge (I)
nagao, nagla sudden suen destined
nagovoriti, nagovorim to urge (P) aptom in a whisper
nasmejati se, nasmejem se to laugh a lot (P) tih quiet
nasmijati se, nasmijem se to laugh a lot (P) valjda probably
odgojiti, odgojim to raise (P) zapitati, zap itam to inquire (P)
odjea clothing udnja longing
odmahnuti, odmahnem to wave away (P)
Govorio je tiho, aptom, da ne probudi ostale. Govorio je kao da se opratamo, o vremenima

prolim, o godinama u kojima je njegov ivot bio vrsto u njegovim rukama.
- Danas sam sretniji od vas.
- Zato? zapitao sam.
- Na dijeti sam cijeli dan. Zbog operacije. Nisam morao jesti bolesniku hranu.
Nasmijali smo se obojica.
306
- Sutra ujutro dolaze moji neaci, dolaze me posljednji put nagovoriti da potpiem oporuku
kojom jedan drugoga ele izuzeti od nasljedstva. To mi je munije od same operacije. uli ste ih,
zar ne?
Kimnuo sam glavom.
- Takva su valjda sad vremena. Ja sam vjerojatno kriv to im je udnja za materijalnim iznad
ljudskog. Nisam ih dobro odgojio.
- Niste vi zato krivi. Neke se stvari dogaaju, ma to mi inili da se ne dogode. Tako je valj-
da sueno.
Bacio je jo jedan pogled na fotografiju.
- Ne alim ni za im osim za Dunavom. ao mi je to ga vie neu vidjeti, tako mi je ao...
- Ne govorite na taj nain. Nakon operacije, kad se oporavite, moemo zajedno otii onamo,
na pecanje.
Odmahnuo je rukom.
- Moji nalazi su loi. ak ni moj lijenik nije pokazao oekivani optimizam. A i sam osje-
am da je moja pria zavrena.
Nisam znao to odgovoriti. U boji njegova glasa nisam mogao otkriti ni strah ni tugu.
Naglo je skrenuo razgovor na mene.
- Imate lijepu obitelj. Kerka vam vie slii na suprugu.
- To se i meni ini.
- Vidi se da vas istinski vole. A i vi njih.
- Teko bi to bilo sakriti.
- I ne treba. Kad izlazite?
- Trebao bih u srijedu. Ali zamolit u lijenika da me pusti dan prije. U utorak mi je roen-
dan.
- Koji?
- etrdeseti.
VII 45
beg escape odjea clothing

bijeg escape odvratiti, odvratim to retort (P)
uvar, uvara guard, watchman optuiti, optuim to accuse (P)
deuran, deurna on duty ormari small cupboard
galama ruckus pratnja escort
ispitiv ati, ispitujem to question (I) prebacivati, prebacujem to pass on, to transfer (I)
izvik ati se, izviem se to yell at length (P) predstojnik [odela] head [of a ward]
krivnja guilt predstojnik [odjela] head [of a ward]
mnotvo multitude trag trace
nasilan, nasilna violent uspaniiti se to panic (P)
obijanje break-in vikati, viem to shout (I)
odea clothing zatvor prison
Probudila me galama. Deurna sestra je bila uspaniena. Lijenik je vikao na nju, a ona je
prebacivala krivnju na nonog uvara. Doao je i predstojnik odjela. Svi su postavljali mnotvo
pitanja, ne nalazei od govor.
imun je nestao.
Uzalud su ga traili po bolnici, po gradu.
307
Ormari s njegovom odjeom bio je u hodniku, otvoren i prazan. Nije bilo tragova nasilnog
obijanja.
Oko devet sati pojavio se imunov neak Marko u pratnji svoga odvjetnika.
Kad je saznao da mu nema strica, izvikao se na predstojnika odjela. Optuio ga je to bolje
ne uvaju pacijente uoi operacije.
- Zar ne shvaate da moe umrijeti prije nego to mi potpie oporuku!
- Gospodine, ovo nije zatvor nego bolnica. Uostalom, ne zanima me nikakva oporuka nego
moj pacijent odvratio mu je predstojnik.
Uskoro je dola policija. Ispitivali su nas znamo li kamo je imun mogao otii. Zanimalo ih
je o emu je dan uoi bijega priao s nama.
Nita im nisam otkrio. Nijednu jedinu reenicu.
VIII 46
dah breath protrnuti, protrnem to go numb (P)

darovati, darujem to give a gift (I) putanje release
datum date ribarska kuica fishermens hut
delovati, delujem to act (I) ribiki tap fishing rod
djelovati, djelujem to act (I) sagnuti se, sagnem se to lean over (P)
iitati to read to the end (P) skroman, skromna modest, humble
izmisliti to fabricate (P) skrovit secretive, mysterious
juer anji yesterdays (adj.) tap, tap a rod, staff, cane
mahnuti, mahnem to wave (P) uma forest
najeiti se, najeim se to get goose bumps (P) troan, trona run down, worn
navesti, naved em to state (P) ugledati to catch sight of (P)
nedvosmislen unambiguous ukaziv ati, ukazujem to point out (I)
neizmjeran, neizmjerna immeasurable upisati, upiem to write in (P)
nizvodno downstream uvui, uvuem to pull in (P)
objanjenje explanation vlaan, vlana moist, damp
okrenuti, okrenem to turn [over] (P) zabrinuti, zabrinem to worry (P)
potpis signature zakljuati to lock (P)
postaja [C] station zavretak, zavretka end
posveta dedication zbogom farewell
Deset dana potom, vozei se autobusom u Slavoniju, itao sam novine. U Crnoj kronici sam
ugledao imunovu fotografiju, uz tekst kojim se mole svi koji su ga vidjeli da to prijave najblioj
policijskoj postaji. Ispod toga su naveli izjave njegovih zabrinutih neaka.
Hodajui uzvodno od Iloka uz Dunav uspjelo mi je pronai ribarsku kuicu s fotografije.
Kuica je bila znatno tronija nego to je izgledala na fotografiji.
Nisam znao samome sebi objasniti zato sam sada ovdje. Ali, ta rijeka i taj ovjek uvukli su
me u svoju priu, i morao sam doi.
Nisam mogao objasniti svojoj eni zato samo tri dana nakon putanja na kunu njegu
polazim na put, nisam joj mogao rei istinu, jer istina esto djeluje tako neuvjerljivo. Zato sam
izmislio da polazim na slubeni put.
Vrata nisu bila zakljuana.
U skromnoj prostoriji bilo je nekoliko ribikih tapova, stol i tri stolice.
Na stolu je bila knjiga.
imunova knjiga.
Okrenuo sam prvu stranicu. Protrnuo sam kad sam proitao posvetu. Pisalo je:
308
Dragi Petre, mladi moj prijatelju, znao sam da ete me potraiti, i zato Vam darujem knjigu
koju sam neizmjerno volio. Umjesto objanjenja, umjesto moga zbogom, pjesma s 37. stranice
rei e Vam sve.
Va imun
Okrenuo sam 37. stranicu, i u jednom dahu iitao krat ku pjesmu:
U ZAGRLJAJU RIJEKE
Ne traite me prijatelji,
Na dalekim cestama,
U skrovitim umama,
U hladnim gradovima.
Ja sam tu posve blizu.
Uzvodno i nizvodno
Od vaeg srca.
Rijeka koju sam volio,
Sada me grli,
Dok izvor mi se
Ukazuje na uu.
Najeio sam se od stihova i poruke koja mi je tako nedvosmisleno bila upuena.

Ponovno sam okrenuo stranicu s posvetom. Ispod imunova potpisa bio je upisan jueranji
datum.
Nedaleko od kuice, u vlanoj zemlji, pronaao sam tragove cipela koji su vodili prema
rijeci.
Doao sam do same obale, sagnuo se i dodirnuo prstima hladnu vodu, a potom mahnuo
prema uu ne znajui pozdravljam li ja to Dunav ili imuna. Ili oboje.
ZAVRETAK
309
oVJEBE [J] VEBE [E]
BI
1. [B] ta se zna o imunu a ta o Petru? Zato su zajedno?
[C] to se zna o imunu a to o Petru? Zato su zajedno?
[S] ? ?
2. [B] Ko je bolesniji od njih dvojice?

[C] Tko je bolesniji od njih dvojice?
[S] ?
3. [B,C] Kakva je hrana u bolnici?

[S] ?
4. [B] ta Petru smeta? Zato? Gdje bi radije bio i ta bi radio da je tamo?

[C] to Petru smeta? Zato? Gdje bi radije bio i to bi radio da je tamo?
[S] ? ? ?
BII
1. O emu razgovaraju imun i Petar?
2. Prepriajte imunov ivot.
3. [B,S] ta misli Pet ar o imunu?

[C] to misli Petar o imunu?
BIII
1. [B] ta se dogodilo kad su dole Petrova supruga i ki? O emu su razgovarali?
[C] to se dogodilo kad su dole Petrova supruga i ki? O emu su razgovarali?
[S] ? ?
2. [B,C] Zato je Petru odjednom neugodno?

[S] ?
3. [B] Svia li se imunu Petrova porodica?

[C] Svia li se imunu Petrova obitelj?
[S] ?
BIV
1. [B,C] Kako se ponaa imunov neak Marko kada obil azi imuna, i o emu eli
razgovarati? Zato?
[S] Kako se ponaa imunov neak Marko kada obilazi imuna, i o emu eli da razgovara?
Zato?
310
2. [B] ta je trebao ranije imun uiniti, po Markovom miljenju?
[C] to je trebao ranije imun uiniti, po Markovu miljenju?
[S] ta je trebao ranije imun da uini, po Markovom miljenju?
BV
1. [B,C] Kako se ponaa imunov neak Josip kad posjeuje imuna? Kako su Josip i Marko
slini, a kako razliiti?
[S] ?
, ?
2. [B,C] Zato se kasnije imunu ne spava?

[S] ?
3. [B,C] im se imun bavi kad a mu se ne spava?

[S] ?
4. [B,C] Na kojoj rijeci je imun volio ii na pecanje s prijateljima? Gdje se nalazi ta rijeka?
[S] ?
?
BVI
1. [B,S] ta misli imun o svojim neacima? Zato?
[C] to misli imun o svojim neacima? Zato?
2. [B,C] Zato se imun veseli kad ne moe jesti?

[S] Zato se imun veseli kad ne moe da jede?
3. Za im imun ali?
BVII
1. Zbog ega je ljekar vikao na deurnu sestru?
Zbog ega je lijenik vikao na deurnu sestru?
?
2. Kako su razgovarali predstojnik odjela i imunov neak Marko? Zato?

? ?
BVIII
1. [B,S] Kuda Petar putuje? Zato?
[C] Kamo Petar putuje? Zato?
2. [B,C] Koju knjigu pronalazi Petar, i gdje?

[S] Koju knjigu pronalazi Petar, i gde?
3. Kako se pria zavrava?
311
C1
1. Retell one of the eight segments of the story.
2. Translate one of the segments of the story.
C2
1. Analyze the verbal usage (aspect, tense) in sections III and IV.
2. Find the participles, verbal adverbs and verbal nouns in section II.
3. Find the subjectless sentences in section V.
4. Find the conditional forms in section IV and translate each sentence where there is conditional
usage.
5. Find every instance of a number that is used in the story, and describe the verbs and cases
governed by these numbers.
6. Analyze the prepositional usage in section III or VIII. Write out the phrases with prepositions,
noting which case each preposition takes.
312
Abbreviations used in the appendices
1, 2, 3 first, second, third (person)
A, Acc accusative case
A-G accusative and genitive
AJ [in verb charts: adjective-like forms (L-participle and passive participle)]
Apl accusative plural
Asg accusative singular
AV [in verb charts: adverbial forms (present and past verbal adverb)]
[B] Bosnian usage
[B,C] Bosnian and Croatian usage
[B,C,S] Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian usage (where there also exists another word or
phrase which is used in only one or two of the others)
[B,S] Bosnian and Serbian usage
[C] Croatian usage
CF counting form
D, Dat dative case
DL dative and locative
DLsg dative-locative singular
DLIpl dative-locative-instrumental plural
[E] ekavian word or words
f, fem. feminine
G, Gen genitive case
GDLVsg genitive, dative, locative and vocative singular
Gpl genitive plural
Gsg genitive singular
(I) imperfective aspect
(I/P) both imperfective and perfective aspect
I, Instr instrumental case
incl. inclusive imperative
Isg instrumental singular
[J] ijekavian word or words
[J] [B/S] ijekavian words specific to Bosnian and Serbian ijekavian usage
L, Loc locative case
L-I locative and instrumental
L-part L-participle (used in compound tense formations)
m, masc. masculine
n, neut. neuter
N nominative
N [in verb charts: non-conjugating forms (infinitive and verbal noun)]
NApl nominative - accusative plural
Npl nominative plural
Nsg nominative singular
(P) perfective aspect
pass. part. passive particle
pl plural
[S] Serbian usage
sg singular
v. see (abbreviation of vidi)
V [in verb charts: conjugated forms (present, aorist, imperfect and imperative)]
Vsg vocative singular
313
Appendices
Appendix 1 Latin and Cyrillic alphabets
The Latin alphabet

Latin Cyrillic English equivalent Latin Cyrillic English equivalent
A a father L l left
B b bet Lj lj million
C c its M m met
church N n net
chick [gotcha!] Nj nj canyon
D d dent O o or
D d junk P p speck
ginger [didja see it?] R r [trilled r]
E e met S s sent, center
F f fed sugar
G g get T t step
H h Bach U u flute
I i machine V v vet
J j yes, boy Z z zen
K k sketch treasure
The Cyrillic alphabet
Cyrillic Latin English equivalent Cyrillic Latin English equivalent

A a father N n net
B b bet Nj nj canyon
V v vet O o or
G g get P p speck
D d dent R r [trilled r]
ginger [didja see it?] S s spent, center
E e met T t step
treasure chick [gotcha!]
Z z zen U u flute
I i machine F f fed
J j yes, boy H h Bach
K k sketch C c its
L l left church
Lj lj million D d junk
M m met sugar
315
Appendices
Appendix 2 A selection of womens and mens names
Some womens names Some mens names
Mirjana [B,C,S] Juraj [C]
Aida [B,C] Aleksandar [C,S]
Nada [B,C,S] Luka [S,C]
Amila [B] Alija [B]
Rad a [S] Ljudev it [C]
Ana [C,S] Ante [C]
Rad mila [S] Marko [C,S]
Anka [C] Antun [C]
Rajka [S] Mehmed [B]
Ankica [C,S] Bran imir [C]
Redija [B] Milorad [S]
Azra [B,C] Bran islav [S]
Sanja [B,C] Mirko [S]
Biljana [S] Branko [S,C]
Saa [B,C,S] Miroslav [C,S]
Bojana [C,S] Damir [B,C]
Selma [B] Mirza [B]
Branka [C,S] Damjan [C,S]
Sneana [S] Nenad [C,S]
Dijana [B,C,S] Danijel [C]
Snjeana [B,C,S] Nermin [B]
Dragana [S,C] Danilo [S]
Stak a [S] Nikola [C,S]
Dubravka [C,S] Darko [C]
Svetlana [B,S] Petar [C,S]
Duanka [S] Dobrilo [S]
Svjetlana [B,C,S] Predrag [S]
Delila [B] Duan [S]
Tijana [C,S] Rajko [S]
Edita [B,C,S] ore [S]
Zehra [B] Saa [B,C,S]
Emin a [B] Elvis [B]
Zlata [B,C,S] Senad [B]
Gordana [C,S] Emir [B]
Zora [C,S] Sinia [C,S]
Grozdana [S] Goran [B,C,S]
Zvjezdana [C] Slobodan [C,S]
Hana [B] Grgur [C]
eljka [C] Sran [S]
Ines [C,S] Hajrudin [B]
Tomislav [C,S]
Iva [C,S] Hamdija [B]
Vlada [S]
Ivana [C,S] Haris [B]
Vlad imir [C,S]
Jadranka [C,S] Hasan [B]
Vlado [B,C]
Jasna [B,C,S] Hrvoje [C]
Zlatan [B,C,S]
Jovana [S] Inoslav [C]
Zoran [C,S]
Ljiljana [C,S] Ivan [C,S]
arko [C,S]
Ljubica [C,S] Ivica [C]
eljko [C,S]
Mara [C,S] Ivo [C]
ivorad [S]
Marija [C, S] Izet [B]
Marta [C,S] Jasmin [B]
Merima [B] Jovan [S]
Mersiha [B] Jovica [S]
Mira [B,C,S]
317
Appendices
Appendix 3 CYRILLIC GUIDELINES for use with worksheets, pp. 14-17
319
Appendices
320
Appendices
321
Appendices
Appendix 4 Noun declensions: paradigms
MASCULINE animate nouns

Nsg konj mu junak pratilac Srbin Turin
Asg konja mua junaka pratioca Srbina Turina
Gsg konja mua junaka pratioca Srbina Turina
DLsg konju muu junaku pratiocu Srbinu Turinu
Isg konjem muem junakom pratiocem Srbinom Turinom
Vsg konju muu junae pratioe Srbine Turine
CF konja mua junaka pratioca Srbina Turina
Npl konji muevi junaci pratioci Srbi Turci
Apl konje mueve junake pratioce Srbe Turke
Gpl konja mueva junaka pratilaca Srba Turaka
DLIpl konjima muevima junacima pratiocima Srbima Turcima
MASCULINE inanimate nouns

Nsg dan grad posao zadatak put
Asg dan grad posao zadatak put
Gsg dana grada posla zadatka puta
DLsg danu gradu poslu zadatku putu
Isg danom gradom poslom zadatkom putem *
Vsg dane grade posle zadatke pute
CF dana grada posla zadatka puta
Npl dani gradovi poslovi zadaci putevi*
Apl dane gradove poslove zadatke puteve*
Gpl dana gradova poslova zadataka puteva*
DLIpl danima gradovima poslovima zadacima putevima*
* putem, putevi etc. [B,C,S] putom, putovi, etc. [C]
NEUTER nouns
Nsg selo polje pismo gnijezdo * ime jaje
Asg selo polje pismo gnijezdo ime jaje
Gsg sela polja pisma gnijezda imena jajeta
DLsg selu polju pismu gnijezdu imenu jajetu
Isg selom poljem pismom gnijezdom imenom jajetom
Vsg selo polje pismo gnijezdo ime jaje
CF sela polja pisma gnijezda imena jaja
Npl sela polja pisma gnijezda imena jaja
Apl sela polja pisma gnijezda imena jaja
Gpl sela polja pisama gnijezda imena jaja
DLIpl selima poljima pismima gnijezdima imenima jajima
* gnijezdo etc. [J] gnezdo etc. [E]
323
Appendices
FEMININE nouns in -a
Nsg ruka knjiga djevojka * tetka borba uiteljica
Asg ruku knjigu djevojku tetku borbu uiteljicu
Gsg ruke knjige djevojke tetke borbe uiteljice
DLsg ruci knjizi djevojci tetki borbi uiteljici
Isg rukom knjigom djevojkom tetkom borbom uiteljicom
Vsg ruko knjigo djevojko tetka borbo uiteljice
NApl ruke knjige djevojke tetke borbe uiteljice
Gpl ruku knjiga djevojaka tetaka / tetki borba / borbi uiteljica
DLIpl rukama knjigama djevojkama tetkama borbama uiteljicama
* djevojka etc. [J] devojka etc. [E]
FEMININE nouns in a consonant

Nsg stvar no radost ljubav misao ki *
Asg stvar no radost ljubav misao ker
GDLVsg stvari noi radosti ljubavi misli keri
Isg stvari / noi / radou / ljubavi / misli / keri /
stvarju nou radosti ljubavlju milju kerju
NApl stvari noi radosti ljubavi misli keri
Gpl stvari noi radosti ljubavi misli keri
DLIpl stvarima noima radostima ljubavima mislima kerima
* kerka [B,C,S] ki [B,C] erka [S]
324
Appendices
Declension of personal names
MALE names
N Petar Nikola Hrvoje ore Brane Ranko Ivo
A Petra Nikolu Hrvoja ora Braneta Ranka Ivu
G Petra Nikole Hrvoja ora Braneta Ranka Ive
DL Petru Nikoli Hrvoju oru Branetu Ranku Ivi
I Petrom Nikolom Hrvojem orem Branetom Rankom Ivom
V Petre Nikola Hrvoje ore Brane Ranko Ivo
FEMALE names
N Nad a Vesna Dragica Ines
A Nadu Vesnu Dragicu Ines
G Nad e Vesne Dragice Ines
DL Nadi Vesni Dragici Ines
I Nadom Vesnom Dragicom Ines
V Nado Vesna Dragice Ines
NAME AND SURNAME

N Nikola Ili Ivo Lali Ranko Bugarski Ana Pavi Ines Kuna
A Nikolu Ilia Ivu Lalia Ranka Bugarskog Anu Pavi Ines Kunu
G Nikole Ilia Ive Lalia Ranka Bugarskog Ane Pavi Ines Kune
DL Nikoli Iliu Ivi Laliu Ranku Bugarskom Ani Pavi Ines Kuni
I Nikolom Iliem Ivom Laliem Rankom Bugarskim Anom Pavi Ines Kunom
V G. Iliu G. Laliu G. Bugarski Go Pavi Go Kun a
Adjective declension: paradigms

DESCRIPTIVE ADJECTIVES
Masculine Neuter Feminine
short long short long short long
Nsg dobar dobri dobro dobro dobra dobra
lo loi loe loe loa loa
Asg dobar * dobri * dobro dobro dobru dobru
lo * loi * loe loe lou lou
Npl dobri dobri dobra dobra dobre dobre
loi loi loa loa loe loe
Apl dobre dobre dobra dobra dobre dobre
loe loe loa loa loe loe
* inanimate only
325
Appendices
Masculine-Neuter Feminine
short long longer short long
Gsg dobra * dobrog * dobroga * dobre
loa * loeg * loega * loe
DLsg dobru dobrom dobrome, dobromu dobroj
lou loem loemu looj
Isg dobrim dobrom
loim loom
CF dobra dobre
loa loe
* and animate accusative
Masculine-Neuter-Feminine
long longer
Gpl dobrih
loih
DLIpl dobrim dobrima
loim loima
PRONOMINAL ADJECTIVES
Nsg koji neki koje neko koja neka
Asg koji * neki * koje neko koju neku
Npl koji neki koja neka koje neke
Apl koje neke koja neka koje neke
* inanimate only

long longer
Gsg
kojeg * nekog * kojega * nekoga * koje neke
kog * koga *
DLsg kojem, nekom kojemu, nekomu kojoj nekoj
kom komu
Isg kojim, nekim kojom nekom
kim
Masculine - Neuter Feminine

long longer
Gpl kojih nekih
DLIpl kojim nekim kojima nekima
326
Appendices
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOMINAL ADJECTIVES
Nsg ovaj taj ovo to ova ta

Asg ovaj * taj * ovo to ovu tu
Npl ovi ti ova ta ove te
Apl ove te ova ta ove te
* inanimate only

long longer
Gsg ovog * tog * ovoga * toga * ove te
DLsg ovom tom ovome, ovomu** tome, tomu** ovoj toj
Isg ovim tim time ovom tom
CF ova ta ove te
* and animate accusative ** [C] only

long longer
Gpl ovih tih

DLIpl ovim tim ovima tima
Nsg kakav sav kakvo sve kakva sva

Asg kakav * sav * kakvo sve kakvu svu
Npl kakvi svi kakva sva kakve sve
Apl kakve sve kakva sva kakve sve
* inanimate only

long longer
Gsg kakvog * kakvoga * svega * kakve sve
DLsg kakvom svem kakvomu svemu kakvoj svoj
Isg kakvim svim svima kakvom svom

long longer
Gpl kakvih svih sviju
DLIpl kakvim svim svima
327
Appendices
POSSESSIVE PRONOMINAL ADJECTIVES
Nsg moj na moje nae moja naa
Asg moj * na * moje nae moju nau
Npl moji nai moja naa moje nae
Apl moje nae moja naa moje nae
* inanimate only

long longer
Gsg mojeg * naeg * mojega * naega * moje nae
mog * moga *
DLsg mojem, naem mojemu, naemu mojoj naoj
mom mome, momu
Isg mojim naim mojom naom

long longer
Gpl mojih naih
DLIpl mojim naim mojima naima

Nsg njegov mamin njegovo mamino njegova mamina
Asg njegov * mamin * njegovo mamino njegovu maminu
Npl njegovi mamini njegova mamina njegove mamine
Apl njegove mamine njegova mamina njegove mamine
* inanimate only

short long
Gsg njegova* mamina * njegovog * maminog * njegove mamine
DLsg njegovu maminu njegovom maminom njegovoj maminoj
Isg njegovim maminim njegovom maminom

long longer
Gpl njegovih maminih
DLIpl njegovim maminim njegovima maminima
328
Appendices
Declension of pronouns
PERSONAL PRONOUNS, singular
1st 2nd reflexive 3rd masc. / neut. 3rd feminine
full clitic full clitic full clitic full clitic full clitic
N ja ti on / ono ona
A mene me tebe te sebe se njega ga nju je, ju
G mene me tebe te sebe se njega ga nje je
D meni mi tebi ti sebi [si] njemu mu njoj joj
L meni tebi sebi njemu njoj
I mnom, tobom sobom njim, njom,
mnome njime njome
PERSONAL PRONOUNS, plural

1st 2nd 3rd masc. / neut. / feminine
full clitic full clitic full clitic
N mi vi oni / ona / one
A-G nas nas vas vas njih ih
D nama nam vama vam njima im
L-I nama vama njima
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS and words derived from them

long longer long longer long longer long longer
N ko / tko neko / netko ta / to nita
A kog koga nekog nekoga ta / to nita
G kog koga nekog nekoga ega nieg niega
D kome, nekome,
komu nekomu
L kom kome nekom nekome emu ni o em ni o emu
I kim kime nekim nekime im ime niim niime
329
Appendices
Appendix 5: The most common prepositions
BEZ + Gen without
BLIZU + Gen near, close to
DO + Gen to, next to, up to
ISPOD + Gen under
ISPRED + Gen in front of
IZ + Gen from, out of
IZA + Gen behind
IZMEU + Gen between, among
IZNAD + Gen above
K, KA + Dat to, towards
KOD + Gen at, by, with; to
KROZ + Acc through
NA + Acc to, onto
NA + Loc on, at
NAD + Instr over, above
NAKON + Gen after
NASUPROT + Dat opposite, across from
O + Loc about, concerning
OD + Gen from, of
OKO + Gen around
PO + Acc per, each
PO + Loc according to, around, in
POD + Instr under
PORED + Gen beside, next to
POSLE
+ Gen after
POSLIJE
PRE
+ Gen before
PRIJE
PRED + Instr before, in front of
PREKO + Gen across
PREMA + Dat toward, according to
PRI + Loc near, by, with, at
S, SA + Gen from, down from, off of
S, SA + Instr with
U + Acc to, into, on
U + Loc in, at
UZ + Acc alongside, up, along
ZA + Acc for
ZA + Instr behind
ZBOG + Gen because of, due to
PREPOSITIONS BY CASE
Accusative kroz, na, u, uz, za
Genitive bez, blizu, do, iz, kod, nakon, od, oko, pored, posle [E] poslije [J],
pre [E] prije [J], preko, s (or sa), zbog
ispod, ispred, iza, izmeu, iznad
Dative k (or ka), nasuprot, prema
Locative na, o, po, pri, u
Instrumental nad, pod, pred, s (or sa), za
331
Appendices
Appendix 6: Verbal conjugation
The following charts summarize the forms of a verb. Each verb has two forms that act as a noun (N), in
that they name an activity (the infinitive and the verbal noun). Each verb also has two sets of forms that
function as adjectives (AJ), the passive participle and the L-participle, and two forms that function as
adverbs (AV), the past and present verbal adverbs. The remaining forms are verbal (V), the three tenses and
the imperative mood.
In theory, any one verb will have a separate form corresponding to each of the boxed slots in the
inventory diagram below. Although this does not always happen in practice, most verbs do indeed occur in
nearly all the possible forms. Holes in the pattern are usually a function of aspect or transitivity, since
these two features of a verbs meaning affect its ability to express the nuances inherent in the particular
forms. In each case, an attempt was made to choose head verb which would give the fullest range of forms.
Where the verb in question lacks one or more of the forms, the slot is filled by a form from another verb of
the same type. Appendix 9 (pp. 358-366) presents all the verbs introduced in lesson vocabularies and
grammar sections, organized according to conjugational type, and gives information about accentuation.
Verb inventory
N infinitive verbal noun

V present 1sg 2sg 3sg 1pl 2pl 3pl
aorist 1sg 2sg 3sg 1pl 2pl 3pl
imperfect 1sg sg 3sg 1pl 2pl 3pl
imperative sg incl. pl
AJ L-participle m.sg n.sg f.sg m.pl n.pl f.pl
passive participle m.sg n.sg f.sg m.pl n.pl f.pl
AV verbal adverb present vbl.adv. past vbl. adv.
Type 1 (gledati)
N gledati gledanje
V present gledam gleda gleda gledamo gledate gledaju
aorist gledah gleda gleda gledasmo gledaste gledae
imperfect gledah gledae gledae gledasmo gledaste gledahu
imperative gledaj! gledajmo! gledajte!
AJ L- participle gledao gledalo gledala gledali gledala gledale
pass. part. gledan gledano gledana gledani gledana gledane
AV
gledajui [pogledavi]
Type 2 (nositi)
N nositi noenje
V present nosim nosi nosi nosimo nosite nose
aorist nosih nosi nosi nosismo nosiste nosie
imperfect noah noae noae noasmo noaste noahu
imperative nosi! nosimo! nosite!
AJ L- participle nosio nosilo nosila nosili nosila nosile
pass. part. noen noeno noena noeni noena noene
AV
nosei nosivi
333
Appendices
Type 3 (videti) [E]
N videti vienje
V present vidim vidi vidi vidimo vidite vide
aorist videh vide vide videsmo videste videe
imperfect viah viae viae viasmo viaste viahu
imperative vidi! vidimo! vidite!
AJ L- participle video videlo videla videli videla videle
pass. part. vien vieno viena vieni viena viene
AV videi videvi
Type 3 (vidjeti) [J]
N vidjeti vienje
V present vidim vidi vidi vidimo vidite vide
aorist vidjeh vidje vidje vidjesmo vidjeste vidjee
imperfect viah viae viae viasmo viaste viahu
imperative vidi! vidimo! vidite!
AJ L- participle vidio vidjelo vidjela vidjeli vidjela vidjele
pass. part. vien vieno viena vieni viena viene
AV videi vidjevi
Type 4 (drati)
N drati dranje
V present drim dri dri drimo drite dre
aorist drah dra dra drasmo draste drae
imperfect drah drae drae drasmo draste drahu
imperative dri! drimo! drite!
AJ L- participle drao dralo drala drali drala drale
pass. part. dran drano drana drani drana drane
AV drei dravi
Type 5 (pisati)
N pisati pisanje
V present piem pie pie piemo piete piu
aorist pisah pisa pisa pisasmo pisaste pisae
imperfect pisah pisae pisae pisasmo pisaste pisahu
imperative pii! piimo! piite!
AJ L- participle pisao pisalo pisala pisali pisala pisale
pass. part. pisan pisano pisana pisani pisana pisane
AV piui pisavi
334
Appendices
Type 6 (piti)
N piti pijenje
V present pijem pije pije pijemo pijete piju
aorist pih pi pi pismo piste pie
imperfect pijah pijae pijae pijasmo pijaste pijahu
imperative pij! pijmo! pijte!
AJ L- participle pio pilo pila pili pila pile
pass. part. [popit] [popito] [popita] [popiti] [popita] [popite]
[popijen] [popijeno] [popijena] [popijeni] [popijena] [popijene]
AV
pijui [popivi]
Type 7 (krenuti)
N krenuti [svanue]
V present krenem krene krene krenemo krenete krenu
aorist krenuh krenu krenu krenusmo krenuste krenue
imperfect [tonjah] [tonjae] [tonjae] [tonjasmo] [tonjaste] [tonjahu]
imperative kreni! krenimo! krenite!
AJ L- participle krenuo krenulo krenula krenuli krenula krenule
pass. part. [dignut] [dignuto] [dignuta] [dignuti] [dignuta] [dignute]
AV
[diui] krenuvi
Types 8a-8b (kupovati, kazivati)

Type 8a
N kupovati kupovanje
V present kupujem kupuje kupuje kupujemo kupujete kupuju
aorist kupovah kupova kupova kupovasmo kupovaste kupovae
imperfect kupovah kupovae kupovae kupovasmo kupovaste kupovahu
imperative kupuj! kupujmo! kupujte!
AJ L- participle kupovao kupovalo kupovala kupovali kupovala kupovale
pass. part. kupovan kupovano kupovana kupovani kupovana kupovane
AV
kupujui kupovavi
Type 8b
N kazivati kazivanje
V present kazujem kazuje kazuje kazujemo kazujete kazuju
aorist kazivah kaziva kaziva kazivasmo kazivaste kazivae
imperfect kazivah kazivae kazivae kazivasmo kazivaste kazivahu
imperative kazuj! kazujmo! kazujte!
AJ L- participle kazivao kazivalo kazivala kazivali kazivala kazivale
pass. part. kazivan kazivano kazivana kazivani kazivana kazivane
AV
kazujui kazivavi
335
Appendices
Type 9 (davati)
N davati davanje
V present dajem daje daje dajemo dajete daju
aorist davah dava dava davasmo davaste davae
imperfect davah davae davae davasmo davaste davahu
imperative daj! dajmo! dajte!
AJ L- participle davao davalo davala davali davala davale
pass. part. davan davano davana davani davana davane
AV
dajui davavi
Type 10 (brati)
N brati branje
V present berem bere bere beremo berete beru
aorist brah bra bra brasmo braste brae
imperfect brah brae brae brasmo braste brahu
imperative beri! berimo! berite!
AJ L- participle brao bralo brala brali brala brale
pass. part. bran brano brana brani brana brane
AV berui bravi
Type 11 (uzeti)
N uzeti [poduzee]*
V present uzmem uzme uzme uzmemo uzmete uzmu
aorist uzeh uze uze uzesmo uzeste uzee
imperfect [kunijah] [kunijae] [kunijae] [kunijasmo] [kunijaste] [kunijahu]
imperative uzmi! uzmimo! uzmite!
AJ L-participle uzeo uzelo uzela uzeli uzela uzele
pass. part. uzet uzeto uzeta uzeti uzeta uzete
AV
[kunui] uzevi
* poduzee [B,C] preduzee [B,S]
Type 12 (umeti) [E]

N umeti umee
V present umem ume ume umemo umete umeju
aorist umeh ume ume umesmo umeste umee
imperfect umejah umejae umejae umejasmo umejaste umejahu
imperative umej umejmo umejte
AJ L- participle umeo umeelo umela umeli umela umele
pass. part.
AV
umejui umevi
336
Appendices
Type 12 (umjeti) [J]
N umjeti umijee
V present umijem umije umije umijemo umijete umiju
aorist umjeh umje umje umjesmo umjeste umjee
imperfect umijah umijae umijae umijasmo umijaste umijahu
imperative umij umijmo umijte
AJ L- participle umio umjelo umjela umjeli umjela umjele
pass. part.
AV
umijui umjevi
Type 13 (jesti)
N jesti jedenje
V present jedem jede jede jedemo jedete jedu
aorist jedoh jede jede jedosmo jedoste jedoe
imperfect jeah jeae jeae jeasmo jeaste jeahu
imperative jedi! jedimo! jedite!
AJ L- participle jeo jelo jela jeli jela jele
pass. part. jeden jedeno jedena jedeni jedena jedene
AV
jedui jedavi
Type 14 (tresti)
N tresti tresenje
V present tresem trese trese tresemo tresete tresu
aorist tresoh trese trese tresosmo tresoste tresoe
imperfect tresah tresae tresae tresasmo tresaste tresahu
imperative tresi! tresimo! tresite!
AJ L- participle tresao treslo tresla tresli tresla tresle
pass. part. tresen treseno tresena treseni tresena tresene
AV
tresui tresavi
Types 15a-b (tei, stii)

Type 15a
N tei teenje
V present teem tee tee teemo teete teku
aorist tekoh tee tee tekosmo tekoste tekoe
imperfect tecijah tecijae tecijae tecijasmo tecijaste tecijahu
imperative teci! tecimo! tecite!
AJ L- participle tekao teklo tekla tekli tekla tekle
pass. part. teen teeno teena teeni teena teene
AV
tekui [tekavi]
337
Appendices
Type 15b
N stii stizanje
V present stignem stigne stigne stignemo stignete stignu
aorist stigoh stie stie stigosmo stigoste stigoe
imperfect stizah stizae stizae stizasmo stizaste stizahu
imperative stigni! stignimo! stignite!
AJ L- participle stigao stiglo stigla stigli stigla stigle
pass. part. [strien] [strieno] [striena] [strieni] [striena] [striene]
AV
stiui stigavi
Type 16 (doi)
N doi
V present doem doe doe doemo doete dou
aorist dooh doe doe doosmo dooste dooe
imperfect [iah] [iae] [iae] [iasmo] [iaste] [iahu]
imperative doi! doimo! doite!
AJ L- participle doao dolo dola doli dola dole
pass. part. [naen] [naeno] [naena] [naeni] [naena] [naene]
AV [idui] doavi
The verb hteti [E]

N hteti htenje
V present u e e emo ete e
hou hoe hoe hoemo hoete hoe
neu nee nee neemo neete nee
aorist hteh hte hte htesmo hteste htee
htedoh htede htede htedosmo htedoste htedoe
imperfect hoah hoae hoae hoasmo hoaste hoahu
hotijah hotijae hotijae hotijasmo hotijaste hotijahu
AJ L- participle hteo htelo htela hteli htela htele
AV hotei htevi
The verb htjeti [J]

N htjeti htjenje
V present u e e emo ete e
(full) hou hoe hoe hoemo hoete hoe
(negated) neu nee nee neemo neete nee
aorist htjeh htje htje htjesmo htjeste htjee
(or) htjedoh htjede htjede htjedosmo htjedoste htjedoe
imperfect hoah hoae hoae hoasmo hoaste hoahu
(or) hotijah hotijae hotijae hotijasmo hotijaste hotijahu
AJ L- participle htio htjelo htjela htjeli htjela htjele
AV hotei htevi
338
Appendices
The verb biti
N biti
V present sam si je smo ste su
(full) jesam jesi jeste * jesmo jeste jesu
(negated) nisam nisi nije nismo niste nisu
budem bude bude budemo budete budu
aorist bih bi bi bismo biste bie
imperfect [E] bejah bejae bejae bejasmo bejaste bejahu
imperfect [J] bijah bijae bijae bijasmo bijaste bijahu
imperative budi! budimo! budite!
AJ L- participle bio bilo bila bili bila bile
AV
budui bivi
* jeste [B,S] jest [C]
339
Appendices
Appendix 7: OSAM MALIH PRIA O MOJOJ ENI David Albahari
I 23
VOCABULARY
brati, ber em to pick (I) nikada never

cvee flowers nogomet [C] soccer
cvijee flowers pijaca [B,S] marketplace
fudbal [B,S] soccer sanjati, sanjam to dream (I)
ii, idem to go (I) skupljati, skupljam, skupljaju to collect (I)
igrati, igram, igraju to play (I) spavati, spavam, spav aju to sleep (I)
ljubavni romance trnica [B,C] marketplace
Moja ena bere cvee.

Ja skupljam marke.
Moja ena ita ljubavne romane.
Ja igram fudbal.
Moja ena gleda televiziju.
Ja idem na pijacu.
Moja ena dugo spava.
Ja nikada ne sanjam.
II 24
VOCABULARY
Da li tebi neto treba? [S] Do you need something? samoposluga [B,C] self-service grocery store
doruak, doruka breakfast samousluga [B,S] self-service grocery store
meni se jede I feel like eating unka ham
kajgana scrambled eggs Treba li ti neto? [B,C] Do you need something?
kamilica chamomile zaboraviti, zaboravim to forget (P)
Moja ena ide u samouslugu.

- Moram da kupim hleb i mleko - kae ona. - Da li tebi neto treba?
- Kupi unku - kaem. - Volim unku za doruak.
- Meni se jede kajgana - kae moja ena.
- Da li imamo aj od kamilice? pitam.
- Mislim da nemamo.
- Ne zaboravi da ga kupi.
341
Osam malih pria o mojoj eni David Albahari
- A novine - pita moja ena - da li da kupim novine?
- Doruak bez novina - kaem - nije pravi doruak.
III 25
VOCABULARY
brinuti, brinem to worry (I) odlijetati, odlijeem to fly away (I)

buktinja torch ostajati, ostajem to remain (I)
utati, utim [B,S] to be silent (I) park park
dodavati, dodajem to add (I) pogledaj! look! (P)
izgledati, izgledam to seem (I) satima for hours
izgleda it seems sliiti, sliim (na) [B,C] to resemble (I)
jedino only smeiti se, smeim se smile (I)
kao da as if smijeiti se, smijeim se smile (I)
klupa bench to that
kronja tree top utjeti, utim [B,C] to be silent
liiti, liim (na) [B,S] to resemble (I) vrabac, vrapca sparrow
lie coll. foliage, leaves zlato gold
nastavljati, nastavljam to continue (I) aliti, alim to feel sorry (I)
odletati, odleem to fly away (I) alim to Im sorry that
Moja ena i ja sedimo na klupi. Klupa je u parku.

- Volim jesen - kae moja ena.
- Jesen je uvek lepa - kaem.
- Pogledaj lie - nastavlja moja ena. - Izgleda kao da je od zlata.
- Neke kronje - kaem, - lie na buktinje.
- Mogu satima da ih gledam, dodaje moja ena.
Ja malo utim, a onda kaem - Jedino alim to odleu ptice.
- Ne brini - smei se moja ena - ostaju nam vrapci.
IV 26
VOCABULARY
buket, buketa bouquet prodavaica saleswoman

u I will radnja store, shop
kotati to cost (I) rua rose
lala [B,S] tulip tulipan [B,C] tulip
nisam ih video I didnt see them umotati to wrap up (P)
nisam ih vidio I didn't see them venan je wedding
pogledati to look at (P) vjenanje wedding
pokazivati, pokazujem to show (I)
Kupujem buket rua za moju enu.

- Te rue su divne - kae prodavaica. - I nisu skupe.
342
Umotajte ih, molim vas, u lep papir - kaem.
- Svakako - kae prodavaica. - Da li ih nosite nekome na venanje?
- Rue su za moju enu.
- O - kae prodavaica. - On a sigurno voli rue.
- Sviaju joj se i lale - kaem - ali nisam ih video u radnji.
- Tamo su - pokazuje prodavaica - pored kase. Da li elite da ih pogledate?
- Ipak u uzeti rue - kaem. - Koliko kota sedam crvenih rua?
V 27
VOCABULARY
ba truly, really posle afterwards

budilnik [B,S] alarm clock poslije afterwards
budilica [B,C] alarm clock prsten; prstenovi ring
elo forehead teretan a gym for lifting weights
gospodar, gospodara lord, master trati, trim to run (I)
jedva ekam I can hardly wait uskoro soon
karta ticket ustajati, ustajem to get up, to rise (I)
kasnije later zaboravan forgetful
krenuti, krenem to get going (P) zvoniti, zvonim to ring (I)
lupiti se to strike oneself (P)
Moj budilnik zvoni u est sati.

- Zato ustaje tako rano? pita moja ena.
- Idem u teretanu da vebam - kaem.
- Zar ne moe kasnije da ide?
- Posle urim na posao.
- A uvee?
- Uvee idemo u bioskop - kaem. - Ve imamo karte.
Moja ena se lupi po elu. - Ba sam zaboravna! ta gledamo?
- Trei deo Gospodara prstenova.
- Jedva ekam da ga vidim - kae moja en a. Onda pog leda na sat. - Mora uskoro da krene.
- Mogu da trim do teretane - odgovaram. - I to je veba.
343
VI 28
VOCABULARY
brisati, briem to wipe, to erase (I) prestajati, prestajem to stop (I)

da imam if I had put [tri puta] time [three times]
da li bi me vie voleo? would you love me more? rep tail
drvo, drveta tree slag ati, slaem to arrange (I)
dvorite yard slikati take a picture (I)
foto-aparat, foto-aparata camera sudovi [B,S] dishes
krpa dishtowel tanjir, tanjira [B,S] plate
ostavljati to leave, to set aside (I) tanjur, tanjura [C] plate
podizati, podiem to raise (I) veverica squirrel
polica shelf vjeverica squirrel
posue coll. [C] dishes zatim thereafter
Moja ena pere sudove i peva.

Ja briem ae i tanjire. Zatim ih slaem na policu.
U dvoritu, na drvetu, sedi veverica.
Ostavljam krpu, uzimam foto-aparat i slikam je tri puta.
Moja ena prestaje da peva. - Mene nikada ne slika tri puta - kae on a.
- Ti nisi veverica - kaem.
- Naravno da nisam - kae moja en a. Onda me pogleda. - Da li bi me vie voleo da imam rep?
- Volim te i bez repa - kaem, podiem foto-aparat i slikam je etiri puta.
VII 29
VOCABULARY
alo hello [on the phone] prohujao, prohujala swept away

drati, drim to hold (I) slualica telephone receiver
izvetaj [S] report sputati, sputam to hang up (I)
izvjetaj [B] report stran ica page
izvjee [C] report etnja stroll
maramica handkerchief telefonir ati, telefoniram to telephone (I/P)
ni toliko not even this much vihor gale-strength wind
pozdraviti to greet (P)
Svakog dana, tano u podne, telefoniram mojoj eni.

- Alo - kae moja ena.
- Zdravo - kaem. - Kako si? ta radi?
- Dobro sam - kae moja en a. itam knjigu.
- ta ita?
- Roman Prohujalo s vihorom.
344
- To je tuna knjiga - kaem.
- Dok itam - kae moja ena - drim maramicu u ruci.
- Koliko jo ima do kraja?
- Pedeset stranica - odgovara ona, - moda ni toliko.
- A kada ih proita pitam - ta onda misli da radi?
- Idem u etnju sa Ljubicom.
- Pozdravi Ljubicu - kaem.
- A ti - pita moja ena - kada dolazi kui?
- Kada napiem izvetaj - kaem i sputam slualicu.
VIII 30
VOCABULARY
birati, biram, bir aju to select (I) igla needle

bluza blouse konac, konca thread
daska za peglanje ironing board kuhinja kitchen
duga rainbow obui, obuem to put on clothing (P)
dugme, dugmeta [B,S] button priivati, priivam to sew on (I)
gumb [C] button uvlaiti, uvlaim to draw in (I)
Moja ena sedi u kuhinji i uvlai konac u iglu. Onda bira dugme za svoju bluzu. Bluza je bela. I
konac je beo. Samo je dugme crveno. Moja ena priiva crveno dugme na belu bluzu. Malo posle,
ona stavlja bluzu na dasku za peglanje. Vidim da je svako dugme druge boje. Kada obue bluzu,
moja ena izgleda kao beli oblak iza arene duge.
345
Appendix 8: LJUBAV NA PANJOLSKI NAIN Muharem Bazdulj
I 31
VOCABULARY
in act polako slowly

e went povod reason, occasion
dres sports uniform poznat known
frizerka hairdresser pred + Acc in front of
fudbalski klub [B,S] soccer team prii priem to come over to (P)
gimnazija secondary school prozvati, prozovem to call, to dub (P)
gimnazijalac, gimnazijalca high school student replika reply
hvala na pitanju thanks for asking stii, stignem; stigao, to arrive (P)
klimati glavom to nod (I) stigla
latinoameriki Latin American (adj.) strani jezik foreign language
mesto place panski [B,S] Spanish
metar, metra meter panjolski [B,C] Spanish
mjesto place teaj course [of study]
nizvodno downstream ubiti, ubijem to kill (P)
nogometni klub [B,C] soccer team uenik pupil, student
objaviti, objavim to announce (P) upitati, up itam to inquire (P)
odevati, od evam to don, to clothe (I) upoznati se to get acquainted (P)
odijev ati, odijevam to don, to clothe (I) valjda probably
osmehnuti, osmehnem to flash a smile (P) zavrni final
osmjehnuti, osmjehnem to flash a smile (P) elela bi [she] would like to
plavua blonde eljela bi [she] would like to
pohaati, pohaam to attend [a class] (I)
Goran stoji pred Centrom za uenje stranih jezika u sarajevskoj ulici Obala Kulina Bana. To
je duga ulica uz rijeku. Stotinjak metara nizvodno je mjesto na kojem je Gavrilo Princip ubio
nadvojvodu Franza Ferdinanda. Taj in, kasnije prozvan Sarajevskim atentatom, bio je povod za
prvi svjetski rat.
Goran gleda na sat. Deset minuta do pet popodne. U pet sati poinje prvi as teaja panj-
olskog jezika. Goran je student knjievnosti. eli nauiti panjolski jer jako voli latinoamerike
pisce, naroito Borgesa.
Pred zgradu Centra stigla je i Marina. Pozdravlja Gorana klimanjem glave. Poznat joj je s
fakulteta. On a je studentica zavrne godine engleskog jezika, a eljela bi nauiti i panjolski.
- Ovdje si zbog teaja? - upita Goran.
- Jesam odgovori Marina.
- Neemo valjda biti samo nas dvoje - opet e Goran.
- Ima vremena, doi e jo neko - rekla je Marina.
Uskoro im prioe dvojica mladia, a odmah zatim i dvije djevojke. Upoznali su se. Damir,
koji je stigao odjeven u dres nogometnog kluba Real Madrid, bio je jo gimnazijalac, a Vlado je
radio kao konobar. Lijepa plavua Azra bila je frizerka, dok je Sonja radila kao profesorica
biologije, i to ba u gimnaziji koju je Damir pohaao.
- Dobar dan, profesorice. Kako ste? - ree Damir.
- Dobro sam, Damire, hvala na pitanju. Ovdje ti nisam profesorica, ovdje smo oboje uenici
- ree Sonja.
Svi se os mjehnue na ovu Sonjinu repliku.
347
Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharem Bazdulj
- Pet je sati - objavi Vlado.
- Bolje je da uemo - ree Azra.
estero mladih ljudi polako uoe u zgradu.
II 32
VOCABULARY
dodati to add (P) raunati to calculate (I)

germanski Germanic sapunica soap opera
grupa group sastav composition
italijanski [B,S] Italian (adj.) serija series
meksiki Mexican (adj.) studij study, studies
nagrada award vedska Sweden
nagradna igra competition vedski Swedish
navijati, nav ijam to root, to cheer (I) talijanski [B,C] Italian (adj.)
nekako somehow televizijski television (adj.)
nezgodan, nezgodna awkward trudna pregnant
opustiti, opustim to relax [someone] (P) udati se to get married (P)
poslati, poaljem to send (P) Ujed injene Nacije [B,S] United Nations
priznati to admit, to confess (P) Ujed injeni Narodi [B,C] United Nations
prva nagrada first prize upoznavati se, upoznajem se to get to know (I)
Uitelj je bio zadovoljan to ih je samo estero. Rekao je da se strani jezik bolje i lake ui u
manjim grupama.
- Najbolje je da se na prvom asu dobro upoznamo. Neemo danas nita uiti, samo emo
razgovarati - dodade uitelj.
Svi su uitelju kazali svoja imena, a zatim ih je on pitao zato ele nauiti ba panjolski
jezik. Odgovarali su jedno po jedno.
- Ja volim latinoameriku knjievnost, Marqueza, Cortasara, Llosu, a posebno Borgesa -
rekao je Goran.
- Ja volim jezike. U gimnaziji sam uila njemaki, sad zavravam studij engleskog, ivjela
sam u vedskoj pa znam i vedski. Sve su to germanski jezici. eljela bih nauiti i panjolski, a
nekad kasnije moda i francuski te talijanski - rekla je Marina.
- Meni je malo nezgodno da priznam, ali ja elim nauiti panjolski zbog meksikih
televizijskih serija. Znam da se danas svi smiju sapunicama, a mene opet nita tako ne opusti kad
se vratim s posla - rekla je Azra.
- Ja navijam za Real. Hou da nauim panjolski da napiem pismo Raulu Gonzalesu i
zamolim ga da mi poalje svoj dres - rekao je Damir.
- Moja sestra se udala za panjolskog vojnika koji je bio u Sarajevu u sastavu snaga
Ujedinjenih naroda. Njih dvoje sad ive u Valenciji. Sestra mi je trudna pa e ih uskoro biti troje.
Nemam vie brae ni sestara, samo nju, pa mi se ini da emo biti nekako blie ako ja nauim
panjolski - rekla je Sonja.
- Ja idem u panjolsku na tri mjeseca. Dobio sam prvu nagradu u nagradnoj igri Coca-Cole i
tri sedmice u putovati po cijeloj panjolskoj pa raun am da bi bilo dobro da makar malo znam
jezik - rekao je Vlado.
Vrijeme je brzo prolo. Tek su se poeli upoznavati, a as je ve zavrio.
348
III 33
aerodrom [B,C,S] airport osnova [B,C,S] foundation, basis

akcenat, akcenta [B,S] accent pogreka mistake
akcent [B,C] accent poliglot [B,C] polyglot
itanje reading poliglota [B,S] polyglot
dar, dara gift potroiti, potroim to spend (P)
disciplina discipline pravilo rule
doputati, doputam to permit (I) predvideti, predvidim to foresee (P)
esej, eseja essay predvidjeti, predvidim to foresee (P)
gramatiki grammatical prekratak, prekratka too short
greka mistake, error previse too much, very much
ii nekome izvrsno to go very well prirunik handbook
for someone promeniti, promenim to change (P)
ionako anyhow promijeniti, promijenim to change (P)
isticati, istiem to emphasize (I) proirivati, proirujem expand (I)
izgovor pronunciation radovati, radujem to gladden (I)
iznenaivati, iznenaujem to surprise (I) raspitati se, raspitam se to ask around (P)
komentar, komentara commentary red vonje [transport] schedule
kompletan, kompletna complete redovan [B,C,S] regular
koriti to scold (I) redovit [B,C] regular
nabaviti to acquire (P) svakodnevan, svakodnevna everyday (adj.)
najpre first of all aliti se to joke (I)
najprije first of all tvrditi, tvrdim to claim (I)
napredak, napretka progress uman, umna wise
naterati to force (P) uporaba [C] use
natjerati to force (P) upotreba [B,C,S] use
navesti, naved em to induce (P) uzalud in vain
odnekud from somewhere vokabular, vokabulara vocabulary
osnov [B,S] foundation, basis zrana luka [C] airport
Bilo je predvieno da teaj traje osam nedjelja. Svi su najprije mislili da je to prekratko
vrijeme da bi se nauile mak ar i osnove panjolskog jezika, no brzi ih je napredak natjerao da
promijene miljenje. Kompletna grup a je odlino uila, ali su ipak svi u neemu bili najbolji.
Marini je izvrsno ila gramatika. Uitelj je redovito isticao njezin veliki dar za gramatiku.
Marina, vidi se da ste poliglota, ali me prijatno iznenauje to to ne doputate da vas neka
gramatika pravila iz engleskog ili njemakog u panjolskom navedu na pogreke - rekao je
jedanput.
Goran je bio najbolji u pisanju kratkih eseja na panjolskom.
- Vidi se, Gorane, da ste ve poeli itati knjige na panjolskom jeziku i to me raduje. Mnogi
tvrde da se jezik ne moe nauiti bez razgovora, no ta je itanje nego razgovor, i to razgovor sa
najumnijim ljudima iz neke zemlje - kazao mu je uitelj.
Sonja je najbre proirivala vokabular.
- Vi mora da rjenik kod kue itate - alio se uitelj.
Damir je bio najvredniji u pisanju domaih zadataka.
- To je ta kolska disciplina - bio je uiteljev komentar.
Vlado je odnekud nabavio prirunik o panjolskom jeziku u svakodnevnoj upotrebi te je bez
greke znao u restoranu naruiti ruak, u kafani traiti pivo, na eljeznikoj stanici ili na
aerodromu se raspitati o redu vonje. Ostalo ga nije previe ni zanimalo. Uitelj ga, meutim, nije
korio.
- Vi, Vlado, najbolje znate koliko dobro elite znati jezik. ao mi je samo to ste uzalud
davali novce za teaj. Sve ste ovo ionako mogli nauiti sami, a nov ce koje ste dali za teaj mogli
ste u panjolskoj potroiti na pivo i skupe veere - znao je rei uitelj.
349
Azra je imala savren izgovor. Nakon nekoliko nedjelja uitelj joj je kazao da ima akcenat
bolji i od njega samog, da bi gotovo mogla proi kao roena Meksikanka.
- Vi ste moja mala sinjorita - esto bi joj rekao uitelj.
IV 34
blag, blag a mild, gentle prelep so lovely, exquisite

bliiti, bliim to come near (I) prelijep so lovely, exquisite
dopadati se, dopadam se to be likeable to (I) prijateljstvo friendship
dopasti se, dopadnem se to be likeable to (P) priznavati, priznajem to confess, to admit (I)
doivljav ati, doiv ljavam to experience (I) rastanak, rastanka parting
druiti se, druim se to socialize (I) smeh laughter
fudbaler, fudbalera [B,S] soccer player smijeh laughter
glasan, glasna loud specifian, specif ina specific
gle uda what dya know! sresti, sretnem to meet (P)
glumiti, glumim to act [a role] (I) sretati, sreem to meet (I)
guva crowd stvoriti, stvorim to create (I)
igralite playing field svestan, svesna aware, conscious
ikad ever svjestan, svjesna aware, conscious
jedini only svojevrstan, svojevrsna of a sort, special
kontakt contact eretski jocular, jokingly
matur a high sch. graduation etati, etam to stroll (I)
meu + Instr among tip type
meusoban, meusobna mutual tijek [C] course, flow
mislim I mean tok, toka [B,S] course, flow
nedostajati, nedostajem to be lacking to (I) u jed an glas [spoken] as one
nevet unwitting, clumsy u tijeku [C] during
nevjet unwitting, clumsy u toku [B,S] during
okaniti se, okanim se to avoid, to shun (P) umoriti se, umorim se to get tired (I)
osveiti se to refresh oneself (P) uoi + Gen on the eve, before
osvjeiti se to refresh oneself (P) uostalom after all
oiati se, oiam se to get a haircut (P) uzviknuti, uzviknem to shout out (P)
polaznica attendee (f) vezati, veem to bind (I)
polaznik attendee (m) zamiljen absorbed in thought
povezan, povezana connected zapriati se, zapriam se to start talking (P)
povezati, poveem to connect (P) zarumeniti se, zarumenim se to blush (P)
prasnuti, prasnem to burst out (P) zezati to tease (I)
praviti se to pretend, to act (I) enska frizerka women's hairdresser
predrasuda prejudice
Osma nedjelja uenja je u toku. Teaj se blii kraju. Svi se osjeaju slino gimnazijalcima
pred maturu: kraj teaja doivljavaju kao svojevrstan rastanak. Meu svim polaznicima i polaz-
nicama stvorilo se specifino prijateljstvo. Poslije asova se drue, odlaze jedni s drugima na
kafu, etaju zajedno. Ipak, njihovi meusobni odnosi su posve povezani s teajem. Svako od njih
ima svoje obaveze, prijateljstva, porodice, a teaj je jed ina stvar koja ih vee.
Dan uoi posljednjeg asa Goran je sreo Damira na koarkakom igralitu. Pozdravili su se,
odigrali nekoliko meeva jedan na jedan, umorili se. Odluie se osvjeiti u oblinjem kafiu.
Tamo je, gle uda, radio Vlado. Bilo je popodne, nije bilo guve, zapravo su Goran i Damir bili
jedini gosti. Sjeli su za ank i zapriali se s Vladom.
- Ovdje, dakle, radi. Morau ee navratiti. Nakon to teaj zavri da ostanemo u kontaktu
- ree Goran Vladi.
350
- I meni je stvarno ao to teaj zavrava. Od svih vas sad u jedino sretati profesoricu
Sonju, a nju najmanje volim vidjeti. Mislim, super je ona na panjolskom, ali je stroga na biolo-
giji - ree Damir.
- Znam ja zbog koga e Goranu nedostajati teaj - ree Vlado eretski.
Goran se pravio nevjet.
- Ne razumijem - rekao je.
- Ne glumi, Gorane, bolje ti je oiaj se - ree Vlado.
Damir prasnu u glasan smijeh.
- Vidi da te zeza za Azru. Hajde, Gorane, svi znamo da ti se svia - rekao je Damir.
- Problem je samo to je ona enska frizerka nastavi se aliti Vlado.
Goran se blago zarumeni i klimnu glavom.
- Svia mi se, priznajem, ali sam svjestan da nisam njezin tip - rekao je.
- Daj, Gorane, pa zar nikad nisi vidio kako te gleda? - uzviknue u jedan glas Damir i Vlado.
- Ko je ikad vidio da se prelijepoj frizerki dopadne jedan obian student knjievnosti? Ona
sanja o nekom fudbaleru ili glumcu - ree Goran.
- Gorane, okani se takvih misli i predrasuda. Uostalom, ne moe znati dopada li joj se ako
je ne pita - ree Vlado.
Goran je zamiljeno utio.
351
V 35
bilo ta [B,S] anything at all pokuavati, pokuavam to attempt (I)

bilo to [C] anything at all politika politics
cura girl poricati, poriem to deny (I)
askati to chat (I) premestiti to shift position (P)
deko boy, guy premjestiti to shift position (P)
dosaditi, dosadim to bore [someone] (P) privlaiti, priv laim to attract (P)
fotelj [B,S] armchair reditelj [B,S] film, theater director
fotelja [B,C] armchair reiser, reisera [B,C] film, theater director
frizerski hairdressing (adj.) rugati se, rugam se to mock (I)
frizura hairdo saekati to wait a bit (P)
furati se, furam se to go after (I) salon, salona salon (hairdresser)
glupaa stupid female silan, silna powerful
hauba hood of hair-dryer skoro nearly, almost
isfenirati, isfeniram to blow dry hair (P) smekati se to grin (I)
izgled appearance smjekati se to grin (I)
iznenaenje surprise strep iti, strepim to live in fear (I)
lud, luda crazy sudariti se to collide (P)
najav iti, najavim to announce (P) susretati, susreem to meet (I)
nek = neka to why ( = zato)
neto somewhat tajanstveno mysteriously
oit obvious ulaziti to enter (I)
odavno long ago vikati, viem to shout (I)
U isto vrijeme dok su Goran, Vlado i Damir razgovarali u kafiu Azra, Sonja i Marina
askale su u frizerskom salonu. Sonja i Marina su se neto ranije gotovo sudarile na vratima:
Sonja je izlazila, a Marina ulazila.
- Kakvo iznenaenje! - rekla je Sonja.
- Super ti je frizura - rekla je Marina .
- Azra me je isfenirala, mora da i ti ide kod nje, spomenula mi je da si i ti najavila da e
navratiti - rekla je Sonja.
- Da, ula sam i ranije da ona dobro radi, a po tvojoj frizuri vidim da je to zbilja tano - rekla
je Marina.
- uj, Azra mi kae da joj za sat zavrava smjena. Ui u s tobom i saekati da i tebe isfenira
pa moemo sve tri otii negdje na kafu - rekla je Sonja.
Uskoro je Marina bila pod haubom, Azra je stajala kraj nje, dok je Sonja sjedila na fotelji
nedaleko od njih dvije.
- Kad zavri teaj ovdje emo se susretati nas tri - ree Sonja.
- teta to deki nee biti tu - ree Azra.
- Sumnjam da e ti nedostajati Damir i Vlado - ree Marina smjekajui se.
Azra nije ni pokuavala bilo ta poricati.
- Zar je tako oito da mi se dopada? - pitala je.
- Hajde, Azra, pa nismo djeca. Jasno da je oito. Svako bi to primijetio osim glupog mu-
karca - ree Sonja.
- Problem je samo to nita od toga nee biti - ree Azra.
- to ne bi bilo? Pa eno draga, jesi li se ti ikad pogledala u ogledalo?! Zato prelijepe ene
nikada nisu svjesne utiska koji ostavljaju? On je lud za tobom - skoro da je vikala Sonja.
352
- Nije stvar u izgledu. On misli da sam ja glupaa. Njemu je glava puna tih nekih pisaca,
pjesnika i reisera. Uvijek strepim da e mi se rugati zato to volim meksike sapunice - ree
Azra.
- Zna ta, draga moja: pun je Filozofski fakultet cura to se furaju na iste stvari na koje se i
on fura. Ako su ga takve ikad i privlaile odavno su mu dosadile. Ni ne gleda ih vie. Vjeruj mi
da znam - i ja na isti fakultet idem. Zaboravio bi on zbog tebe sve te silne knjige i premjestio bi se
pred televizor - ree Marina.
- Ma neka njemu knjiga, dosadili su i meni mukarci to samo o politici i sportu priaju, ali
nek mene ne pokuava promijeniti ako ste kojim sluajem u pravu kad kaete da mu se sviam -
ree Azra.
- Vidjee ti vrlo brzo da je to tako - ree Marina tajanstveno.
VI 36
blesav silly, idiotic smejati se, smejem se [S] to laugh (I)

diplomirati, diplomiram to graduate (I/P) smeten, smetena confused
diskretan, diskretna discreet smijati se, smijem se [B,C] to laugh (I)
eto look! spetljati se to bumble (P)
hrabrost, hrabrosti (f) courage stvor, stvora creature
iekivanje anticipation ansa, Gpl. ansi chance
iznenaditi, iznen adim to surprise (P) ubediti, ubedim to convince (P)
jedva barely ubijed iti, ubijedim to convince (P)
nasmejati se, to laugh a lot (P) urediti se, uredim se to get dressed up (P)
nasmejem se [S] uruiti, uruim to hand [to] (P)
nasmijati se, to laugh a lot (P) uspean, uspena successful
nasmijem se [B,C] uspjean, uspjena successful
po obiaju as usual zakazati, zak aem to set up (P)
pojedinost, pojedinosti (f) detail zapan jiti, zap anjim to astonish
popriati to chat for a while (P) zato for that reason
potvrda certificate zavereniki conspiratorial
potvrdan, potvrdna affirmative zavjereniki conspiratorial
skupiti se to gather zavretak, zavretka end
[as group] (P)
Na dan kad je zak azan posljednji as teaja Goran i Marina sreli su se na fakultetu. Bilo je
jutro, teaj se po obiaju trebao odrati u pet popodne.
- Super je da smo se sreli, makar emo se vidjeti i u pet - rekao je Goran.
- I meni je drago to se vidimo. Trebam s tobom porazgovarati prije popodneva - rekla je
Marina.
- I ja s tobom hou da popriam - rekao je Goran.
- O emu? - upita Marina.
- Zna, ne znam kako to da kaem, budi diskretna, molim te, ali, eto, zna, meni se svia
Azra - rekao je Goran smeteno.
Marina se nasmijala.
- Nemam ansi kod nje. Znao sam. Mora da se zato smije - rekao je Goran.
- Ma ne, blesavi stvore, i ti se njoj svia, ali je ona ubijeena da nema ansi kod tebe - rekla
je Marina jo uvijek se smijui.
- Ozbiljna si? - pitao je Goran.
- Naravno da jesam - rekla je Marina.
353
Goran je ekao pet popodne u slatkom iekivanju, a im je zavrila razgovor s njim
telefonom Marina je pozvala Azru.
- Budi spremna dan as uti izjavu ljubavi - rekla je Marina u slualicu.
- Molim? - Azra je bila zapanjena.
- Sad sam priala s Goranom. Sav se spetljao, ali mi je priznao da mu se svia. Mislim da je
skupio hrabrosti da to danas i tebi kae - rekla je Marin a.
- Jedva ekam pet - rekla je Azra.
U pet sati estoro se mladih ljudi posljednji put skupilo na teaju panjolskog jezika. Na
kraju ovog asa uitelj im je trebao uruiti i potvrde o uspjeno zavrenom teaju. Jedna je
pojedinost, meutim, iznenadila uitelja.
- Azra, ti si danas ljepa nego ikad, a i Goran se, vidim, uredio. Vas dvoje kao da ste diplo-
mirali danas, a ne zavrili obian teaj stranog jezika - rekao je uitelj.
Azra i Goran su se zarumenili, a njihovo etvero kolega su se zavjereniki osmjehnuli.
Po zavretku posljednjeg asa Damir, Vlado, Sonja i Marina su se brzo razili tako da su
Azra i Goran ostali sami pred zgradom. Goran joj je na panjolskom kazao da je prelijepa i upitao
je eli li biti njegova djevojka, a Azra je, takoer na panjolskom, odgovorila potvrdno.
VII 37
ujan, ujna audible predloiti, predloim to propose (P)

dogovor agreement prolaziti to pass by (I)
fakat indeed, truly raja crowd, people
filmski pertaining to film sluajnost, coincidence
izai na pie [B,C,S] to go out for drinks (P) sluajnosti (f)
izii na pie [B,C] to go out for drinks (P) spominjati, to mention (I)
ko tetreb zaljubiti to fall madly in love (P) spominjem
ko tetrijeb zaljubiti to fall madly in love (P) tetreb grouse (bird)
koja sluajnost! what a coincidence! tetrijeb grouse (bird)
netremice without blinking viati, viam to see frequently (I)
otkud from where venati se to get married (I/P)
ovuda along this way vjenati se to get married (I/P)
pie drink; drinks vozdra hi [zdravo: syllables switched]
pogaati, pogaam to guess (I) zaljubiti se, zaljubim se to fall in love (P)
pokvariti, pokvarim to ruin, to spoil (P) zbuniti, zbunim to confuse (P)
Nedjelju dana nakon zavretka teaja Sonja je navratila u kafi u kojem je radio Vlado.
- Spominjao si da ovdje radi, a kako sam prolazila ov uda svratih da te pozdravim - rekla je
Sonja.
- Ba lijepo - rekao je Vlado.
- Via li ikoga od raje s teaja? - pitala je Sonja.
- Ba mi je juer Goran bio - rekao je Vlado.
- Ja sam neki dan bila sa Azrom. Izgleda da im pravo dobro ide - rekla je Sonja.
- Itekako. Goran se ko tetrijeb zaljubio - rekao je Vlado.
- I Azra je luda za njim. Stvarno, prava filmska ljubav - rekla je Sonja.
- Ma ko iz sapunice - rekao je Vlado.
- uj, Vlado, urim. Ula sam samo da te pozdravim. Odoh sad - rekla je Sonja.
- Hajde, vidimo se, doi op et - rekao je Vlado.
Za nekoliko dana u kafi je ula Marina.
- Hej, Vlado, kako si? - rekla je.
354
- Super, ba mi je drago to si dola, ti mi jedina jo nisi bila. Neki dan je svratila Sonja,
Azra je jue s Goranom sjedila, a Damir mi je stara muterija - rekao je Vlado.
- Ma ba sam dola da se s Azrom vidim. Dogovorile smo se da iziemo na pie pa je ona
predloila da se ovdje sretnemo.
Vrata kafia se otvorie i ue Marina.
- ao, ljudi, koja sluajnost - rekla je Marina.
Fakat jest. Ja ekam Azru, a ti ulazi - rekla je Sonja.
- Pa ja se ovdje trebam sresti sa Azrom - rekla je zbunjeno Marina.
Vrata se otvorie i pojavi se Damir.
- Vozdra, Vlado! ao, Marina! Dobar dan, profesorice! - rekao je.
- Da pogaam, ima dogovor sa Azrom? - upita Vlado.
- Otkud ti to, Vlado? Trebam se s Goranom vidit, jutros me zvao - rekao je Damir.
Vrata su se ponovo otvorila, ali jedva ujno. Goran i Azra su zagrljeni uli.
- Prijatelji, sve emo vam objasniti - rekao je Goran.
- eljeli smo vas skupiti sve zajedno, a ne pokvariti iznenaenje - rekla je Azra.
Marina, Sonja, Vlado i Damir su netremice gledali u njih.
- Vjenaemo se za desetak dana! Svi ste pozvani - rekoe Azra i Goran u jedan glas.
Vozdra/Zdravo. Colloquial usage in Bosnian and Croatian has often included a sort of slang, whose basic
principle involves switching the syllables of words, in a manner similar to the switching of consonants in
pig-Latin. Some other examples of popular Sarajevo words are: emka for kaem, ido for doi, and ibje
for bjei. Though this was the most widespread in Zagreb in the 1960s, certain words have remained in
usage ever since, such as lima for mali, cobra for braco, omi for Mio, and Njofra for Franjo. The latter
word has had a longer shelf life because the Croatian translation of the classic line in the Bugs Bunny
cartoons, Whats up Doc? was Kaj te mui, Njofra? (the word kaj meaningwhat in the kajkavian
dialect of the greater Zagreb area). Belgrade also has an elaborate system of slang but this does not include
switching the syllables of words.
355
VIII 38
aplauz applause otkada ever since

bajka fairy tale paziti (na) to watch out (for) (I)
bitan, bitna essential pljeskati, pljeem to applaud (I)
aiica very small glass poklanjati to give [a gift] (I)
dvor, dvora court poljubiti, poljubim to kiss (P)
formalan, formalna formal poten fair, honest, honorable
iskap iti, iskapim to drink down (P) princeza princess
iskren sincere proderati se, proderem se to shout out (P)
komunikacija communication proparati, proparam to interrupt, to rip (P)
kraljevi prince raanje birth
kucanje tapping savladati, savladam to gain control over (I)
kum, kuma best man spojiti, spojim to bond together (P)
kuma maid/matron of honor stei, steknem to acquire, to get (P)
ljutiti se, ljutim se to be angry (I) stil style
maloletan, maloletna under age svadba wedding
maloljetan, maloljetna under age svedoiti, svedoim to witness (P)
matiar justice of peace svjedoiti, svjedoim to witness (P)
medeni mesec honeymoon tih quiet
medeni mjesec honeymoon ustati, ustanem to stand up (P)
mlada bride utihnuti, utihnem to fall silent (P)
mladoenja groom zagrljaj embrace
nadovezati, nadoveem to add on (I) zdravica toast
narodna pria folktale ivela! or iveo! or iveli! long live!
oponaati, oponaam to imitate (I) ivjela! or iv io! or iv jeli! long live!
Svadba je bila mala i tiha. Doli su Goranovi i Azrini roditelji, kolege s teaja i uitelj.
- Ovo je najljepa stvar koja mi se desila otkada vodim teaj panjolskog jezika - rekao je.
Goranov kum je bio Vlado, a Azrina kuma Marina.
- Ti si, Damire, maloljetan, nemoj se ljutiti to nisi kum - rekao je Goran.
- Ti si, Sonja, profesorica u Damirovoj koli pa je bolje da na svadbi sjedite zajedno, da
pazi na njega - rekla je Azra.
- Svi ste vi zapravo nai zajedniki kumovi i kume. Volio bih da je mogue da to i formalno
budete - rekao je Goran.
- Ja bih voljela da nam uitelj bude matiar - rekla je Azra.
- Ma pustite, ljudi, kao da je bitno ko su kum i kuma. Vano je da se vi volite - rekla je
Sonja.
- ivjela profesorica! - proderao se Damir.
- Ovo je stvarno kao u bajci - rekla je Sonja.
- Da, bijahu jednom na panjolskom dvoru kraljevi Goran i princeza Azra i gledahu jedno u
drugo osam nedjelja, a kad priznae to im srca osjeaju padoe u zagrljaj. - rekao je Damir
oponaajui stil narodnih pria.
- I ivjeli su dugo i sretno - nadoveza se Sonja.
Zau se zvuk kucanja aiice o au. Svi utihnue.
- Kumova zdravica - rekao je Damir.
Vlado je ustao, podigao au i poeo govoriti.
- Kad sam prije skoro tri mjeseca doao na prvi as teaja panjolskog jezika mislio sam da
dolazim da bih nauio osnove komunikacije na panjolskom i tako se to bolje prov eo na
nagradnom putovanju. Nisam, iskreno govorei, skoro nita od jezika poteno savladao, ali sam
356
stekao petoro dragih prijatelja i svjedoio raanju jedne velike ljubavi. Moje je nagradno
putovanje za dvije osobe, a ja nemam s kim ii. Poklanjam ga Goranu i Azri. I jedno i drugo bolje
govore panjolski od mene, panjolski ih je jezik spojio tako da mislim da bolji medeni mjesec od
onog u panjolskoj ne mogu ni zamisliti - rekao je.
Zavretak zdravice proparao je aplauz.
- ta pljeete, vas dvoje? Mladoenja poljubi mladu! - rekao je Vlado.
- Dobro, kume - ree Goran.
Goran i Azra se poljubie.
- Nali su zajedniki jezik - ree uitelj i iskapi au.
The notion of kum and kuma is an ancient one. The words are often translated as godfather and
godmother. However, they refer not only to the person present at the baptism of a baby (called the
kume), but also to the witnesses at a wedding. The kum and/or kuma are generally not blood relations, but
through taking part in family ceremonies they become nearly as close as kin. The kum is expected to give
the grandest wedding present (for decades this was the newlyweds refrigerator) and often makes the
weddings most important toast, which is called the kumova zdravica.
357
Appendix 9: Verb types
Lesson 10 (p. 142) introduces a set of verb conjugation types, whose purpose is to help
those learning BCS remember conjugational forms more easily, and learn to predict with some
degree of certainty the forms of verbs they will encounter in the future. These verb type numbers
are used in subsequent grammar sections to explain the past tense (p. 143), aspect relationships
(p. 146), and passive participles (p. 160), and are used in more detail in the companion volume,
BCS, A Grammar with Sociolinguistic Commentary.
Following are all the verbs introduced in this book, sorted by conjugational types. Each
type is represented by a model verb, for which both infinitive and 1st singular present are given.
It is the relationship between these two forms which defines the type and allows one to predict for
every verb in that group its present tense (and, once the rules in the above grammar sections are
internalized, all other forms as well). The 1st singular present is given in those instances when its
form is not unambiguously predictable from the model.
If the infinitive in the list is italicized, the accent will fall on a different syllable in the
present tense. It will shift towards the beginning of the word in verbs of types 1-2, 6-9, 11 and 16;
and it will shift towards the end of the word in types 10 and 13-15. Words without an accent mark
also take part in these shifts: one only has to conceptualize one of these marks standing invisibly
to the left of a word without an accent mark. For example:
visible accent mark in both visible accent mark only in one

shift leftwards: govoriti, govorim (2) krenuti, krenem (7) davati, dajem (9)
shift rightwards: dovesti, dovedem (13) prati, perem (10) tresti, tresem (14)
Type 1: igrati, igram [accent shift in present does not take place in 3rd plural]
angairati se funkcionirati iznervirati se 11 naterati [E]

16A3a 19A1b izuavati 19A3b natjerati [J] B.III
birati A.VIII furati se B .V izvijati 19A3a navijati B.II
bivati 18A1a gledati 2A2 javljati se 8A3 nazivati 19A1b
crtati 10A4z grupirati 19A2b jecati 17A3a nemati 2A1 , 4A1
ekati 5A2 hodati 7A2 kapati 14 nervirati se 11
itati 2A1, 6A2z, identificirati klimati B .I obasjavati 20 .V
10A4z 19A2b kotati A.IV obeati 11
uvati 10A4 igrati 5C1 , 15A1, kuhati 6A4 obigrati 19A3a
askati B .V 10A1z, A.I kupati se 16A3a obnavljati 16A3a
dati 5A2 , 7A3z, igrati se 16A1b kuvati 6A4 obraati se 16A3a
10A2z, 12A4z imati 2A1 , 2A1z, morati 2A1 ouvati 19A3b
deavati se 17A2b 5A2 nacrtati 18A1b odevati [E]
diplomirati B.VI interesirati 16A1a nadati se 14A2 odijevati [J] B .I
doaravati 17A3b isfenirati B.V nadvladati 20.III odgledati 16A1a
doekati 5A3 ispadati 12A1 nagovarati 20.IV odgovarati 5A1,
dodati B.II ispriati 12, nameravati [E] 10A2z
dogaati se 17A2b 16A1b namjeravati [J] odigrati se 9
dopadati se 16A1a, iitati 20.VIII 11A3 odravati 16A3b
B.IV izgledati 9A2 , naputati 18A3 okupljati 14A4
doputati B.III A .III nastavljati operirati 20.V
dozivati 19A3a izjadati se 15A1 A.III oponaati B.VIII
doivljavati B.IV izmeati 14A1 opratati 20 .VI
359
Verb Types
opravdati 20.II postavljati 11, saznati 14A2 ugledati 20.VIII
organizirati 16A3b 16A1a seati se [E] umirati 18A1b
oseati [E] pozdravljati 6A3 sjeati se [J] umivati se 9A2
osjeati [J] 10A3, poznati 10A2 , 11A3 umotati A.IV
10A2z 10A2z shvaati 20 .V uparkirati 12A2
oseati se [E] predati 16A2a sipati 13A1 upitati B .I
osjeati se [J] predstavljati skrivati 18A1a upotrebljavati
10A3 19A2b skuhati 14A1 17A1b
osigurati 16A1b pregledati 11A1z skupljati 19A3b, upoznati 16A1a
ostavljati 17A1a, prepriati 15A2 A.I upoznati se 16A1a,
A.VI prespavati 14A2 skuvati 14A1 B .I
oiati se B .IV pretvarati 14A2 slikati A .VI uspevati [E]
otvarati 19A3b pretvarati se 15A1 sluati 6A2 , 7A3 uspijevati [J]
padati 10A2, priati 12A2 smatrati 11A1 18A3
10A2z prijati 13A1 smekati se [E] uveravati [E]
pevati [E] primati 18A3 smjekati se [J] uvjeravati [J]
pjevati [J] priivati A .VIII B.V 16A3b
5C1, 19A3b priznati B.II smetati 11A4 uzimati 5A1
pitati 3A1 proitati 10A2 snivati 18A1a uivati 12A2
planirati 16A1b prodati 20.II spajati 18A3 valjati 12A3
plivati 18A1a prokockati 7A2 spavati 7A3, A.I veerati 10A1
poeljati 9A2 prolepati se [E] spetljati se B .VI venati se [E]
podcrtati 18A1b proljepati se [J] spevati [E] vjenati se [J]
poduavati 18A3 14A2 spjevati [J] B .VII
pogaati B.VII promatrati 14 19A3b vebati [E]
pogledati 20.V proparati B .VIII spoznati 20.III vjebati [J]
A.IV proetati 20.V spremati 7A1 2A1
pogledati 2A4 putati 10A2z sputati A .VII viati B .VII
pogledati se 9A2 raunati B.II sroiti 16A1a vraati se 14A2
pohaati 16A2b, raspitati se B.III studirati 6A2 zakljuati 20.VIII
B.I razgovarati 12A2 sumnjati 10A3 zakukati 19A3a
poklanjati B.VIII razmiljati 8A3 sviati se 6A4, zamirati 16A3b
pokuavati B.V razoarati se 20.V 10A2z zanimati 16A2a
ponaati se 18A2b reavati [E] svirati 18A3 zanimati se 16A2b
porazgovarati rjeavati [J] 12 svravati 17A2a zapitati 20.VI
16A2b rezervirati 16A1a etati B.IV zapriati se B.IV
poredati 14A1 rugati se B .V tampati 20.V zavravati se 6A2
poreati 14A1 saekati B.V telefonirati A.VII zezati B.IV
posmatrati 14 sakupljati 19A3b tiskati 20.V znati 4A1
popriati B.VI sanjati A.I trebati 11A2
savladati B .VIII udati se B.II
Type 2: staviti, stavim
baciti 16A1a deliti [E] doseliti se 16A3a izgovoriti 19A2a

baviti se 11A3 dijeliti [J] dozvoliti 16A3b izgubiti 10A2
besediti [E] 9A3 druiti se B .IV izlaziti 20.VI
besjediti [J] dogoditi se 11, glumiti B.IV izmisliti 20 .VIII
19A3a 12A4 govoriti 6A4 iznajmiti 9A3
bliiti B .IV dogovoriti se gubiti 9A3 iznenaditi 20.IV,
boraviti 16A2a 11A2 hiniti 20.V B .VI
astiti 15A1 dohvatiti 19A3a iskap iti B .VIII izraziti 19A1b
estitati 12A3 dolaziti 5A2 iskoristiti 15A1 izvod iti 15A1
initi se 6A4 dopustiti 16A2a isplatiti se 14A2 izvriti 12A4
uditi se 16A1b dosaditi B.V istraiti 16A2b javiti se 8A3
360
Verb Types
kazniti 18A3 odluiti 12A3 posuditi 16A1a raditi 2A1 ,
koristiti 17A4 odobriti 16A1a posvetiti 16A2a 12A3z, 13A1z
koriti B.III odrediti 18A1b posvetiti se 18A3 raniti 20.V
kriti 19A2b odseliti se 18A3 potiti 18A2a rashladiti se 16A3b
kruiti 6A1 odvaiti se 16A3a potroiti 20.IV, rastuiti se 15A1
kupiti 2A3 odvratiti 20 .VII B .III rairiti 16A1b
liiti 20.VI, A .III okaniti se B .IV potruditi se 16A1a razbuditi se 10A4
lupiti se A.V okupiti se 18A3 pozdraviti A .VII razmisliti 10A3
ljutiti se B.VIII oporaviti se 20 .VI pozdraviti se 12A2 razvedriti se 14A2
misliti 3A1, opredeliti [E] pouriti 7A3 razveseliti 15A1
10A4z, B.IV opredijeliti [J] pratiti 12A2 reiti [E]
mnoiti 12A1 16A3b praviti se 20.V , rijeiti [J]
moliti 17A3a opteretiti 16A3a B .IV 11A1
moriti 15A1 optuiti 20.VII predloiti 20.IV , roditi se 10,14A3
motriti 18A1a opustiti B .II B .VII rositi 14
nabaviti 16A1a, osetiti [E] predstaviti 19A3b sastaviti 19A3b
B .III osjetiti [J] premestiti [E] seliti se 18A3
nagovestiti [E] 16A1b premjestiti [J] setiti se [E]
nagovijestiti [J] osetiti se [E] B.V sjetiti se [J]
16A3b osjetiti se [J] prenoiti 19A1a 12A3
nagovoriti 20 .VI 10A2z prenositi 10A4z, shvatiti 14A4
najaviti B.V osigurati 16A2a 19A3b sjediniti 12A4
najeiti se 20.VIII ostaviti 14A1 preporuiti 13A1 sjed iti 6A3,
nakititi 19A3a osveiti se [E] preraditi 15A2 11A4z
nalaziti se 6A1 osvjeiti se [J] preseliti se 18A3 sklon iti 13A2
napraviti 20.III B.IV preuraniti 16A2a sklon iti se 14A2
napuniti 12A3 othraniti 20.IV prevaliti 20.I skoiti 19A3a
napustiti 15A1 otpustiti 20 .I prevariti 15A1 skupiti se 20 .V
naruiti 10A1 otvoriti 12A2 skupiti se B.VI
prevoditi 10A4z,
nasloniti 20 .III ozariti 18A2a 18A3 slaviti 12A3
nastaviti 14A2 oznaiti 17A1b prevoziti 10A4z sliiti 20 .VI, A.III
nauiti 10A2, oeniti 20.II pribaviti 16A2a slutiti 18A1a
10A2z, 10A3 paziti B.VIII pribliiti se 16A3b smestiti [E]
navratiti 12A2 plaiti se 11 prihvatiti 16A1a smjestiti [J]
platiti 2A4 prijaviti 14A3 17A3b
nositi 5C1 , 10A4z
obavestiti [E] poistiti 15A1 prikljuiti se 16A2b smeiti se [E]
obavijestiti [J] podeliti [E] prikupiti 19A3b smijeiti se [J]
14A3 podijeliti [J] 9A3 primetiti [E] A .III
obezbediti [E] pohvaliti se 15A1 primijetiti [J] smisliti 16A1a
obezbijediti [J] pojaviti se 13A3 14A4 snimiti 19A3b
16A1b pokloniti 12A2 priprem iti 13A3 spojiti B.VIII
obilaziti 16A3a pokvariti B.VII privlaiti B .V spremiti 7A1
objasniti 10A3, poloiti 6A2, probuditi 9A2 spustiti 13A2
10A4z 10A2z proglasiti 12A4 staviti 6A3,10A1z
objaviti 17A4, poljubiti B.VIII progoniti 18A3 stiati se 14A4
B.I ponititi 13A4 progovoriti 20.IV strep iti B.V
obnoviti 15A1 poniziti 19A2a prolaziti B .VII stupiti 16A2a
obraditi 13A3 ponuditi 13A1 promeniti [E] stvoriti 17A4,
obratiti se 16A2a popraviti 13A2 promijen iti [J] B .IV
oceniti [E] popuiti 20.V 20 .II, B .III sudariti se B.V
ocijeniti [J] posetiti [E] propustiti 12A3 suditi 20 .VI
10A3 posjetiti [J] proraditi 15A1 sukobiti se 18A3
odgojiti 20 .VI 16A2a proslaviti 18A3 svedoiti [E]
odgovoriti 10A2z, posluiti 13A1 pruiti 12A2 svjedoiti [J]
16A2a postaviti 11A1z, pustiti 7A3, 10A2z B .VIII
odlaziti 10A2 15A2 puiti 12A2
361
Verb Types
svratiti 12A4z, ulaziti B.V uvrijediti [J] zamisliti 18A1b
14A2 umoriti se B .IV 19A2a zamoliti 13A1
svriti 15A1 unajmiti 9A3, veseliti se 20 .III zaokruiti
aliti se B.III 16A2b voditi 5C1, 17A1b
toiti 13A1 unesreiti 19A2a 10A4z, 18A3 zapamtiti 16A1b
traiti 3A1 unositi 15A2 voziti 7A2, 10A4z zapanjiti 20 .IV ,
tvrd iti B .III upaziti 19A3a vratiti se 9A2 B .VI
ubediti [E] uporediti 11A2 zaboraviti 10A4 , zarumeniti se
ubijed iti [J] uputiti 16A2a A .II B.IV
B .VI uraditi 15A2 zadiviti se 15A1 zasladiti 14A1
uiniti 19A3a uraniti 19A3a zagrabiti 14A1 zatvoriti 12A2
uiniti se 16A2a urediti 12A1 zagrliti 16A1b zavriti 11A1
uiti 2A1, 2A1z, urediti se B.VI zahvaliti se 20 .III zbuniti B.VII
10A2z, 10A4z uruiti B.VI zakasniti 14A4 znaiti 6A2
ulaniti se 16A2b usavriti 16A3a zakljuiti 10A3 zvoniti A.V
ugasiti 20 .V uspaniiti se 20.VII zalupiti 17A1a aliti A.III
ugostiti 16A1b usporediti 11A2 zaljubiti se B .VII ariti 18A2a
uhvatiti 14A1 utvrd iti 14A3 zameriti se [E] uriti se 7A2
ukljuiti 10A2z, uvlaiti 20.VII zamjeriti se [J]
16A1b uvrediti [E] 18A3
Type 3: videti [E] vidjeti [J], vidim
boleti [E] nadiveti [E] poeleti [E] utjeti A .III

boljeti [J] nadivjeti [J] poeljeti [J] videti [E]
10A4 18A3 15A1 vidjeti [J]
crneti se [E] oboleti [E] predvideti [E] 2A2, 10A1z,
crn jeti se [J] oboljeti [J] predvidjeti [J] 11A1z
18A1a 18A3 B .III voleti [E]
izvideti [E] odleteti [E] preiv eti [E] voljeti [J]
izvidjeti [J] odletjeti [J] preiv jeti [J] 2A3 , 3A3
2A2, 10A1z, 5A1 14A3 zautjeti 20.V
11A1z, 19A3a odiveti [E] sedeti 6A3, eleti [E]
lebdeti [E] odivjeti [J] 11A4z eljeti [J]
lebdjeti [J] 20 .II strepeti 2A1
20 .II poleteti [E] svideti se [E] iveti [E]
leteti [E] poletjeti [J] svidjeti se [J] ivjeti [J]
letjeti [J] 15A1 10A2z 5A3
15A1 poutjeti 20 .IV
Type 4: drati, drim
bojati se 7A2 leati 11A4, sadrati 19A1b trati A.V

utati 17A3a, 11A4z sastojati se 4 zautati 20 .V
A.III odrati 11A1z stajati (stojim) 6A1, zvidati 5C1
drati 10A1z, pljutati 14 11A4z, 12A4z
12A1, A.VII poutati 20.IV
izdrati 20.V prestajati 14
362
Verb Types
Type 5: pisati, piem [stem-final consonant softens before present tense endings according to the
chart on p. 163; the consonants -r- and -j- do not change.]
brisati 10A3, nasmejati se 20.VI, pokazati 20.VI smejati se 20 .III,

A .VI B .VI polagati 6A2, B .VI
cvrkutati 16A1b nasmijati se 20.VI, 10A2z smijati se 20 .III,
dizati 14A1 B .VI pomagati 10A4 B.VI
dopirati 20 .I nedostajati 18A3, poricati B .V spominjati
drhtati (drem) B .IV potpisati 20.V B.VII
17A3a nestajati 19A1a povezati sretati B .IV
funkcionisati odletati [E] B .IV stizati 14A4
19A1b odlijetati [J] prepisati 20.IV susretati B .V
grupisati 19A2b A .III prestajati A .VI, aptati 18A1a
iskati (item) operisati 20 .V 14 ticati se 5A2
17A3a opisati 10A3 proderati se trajati 6A2
isticati B.III ostajati 10A2z, B.VIII upisati 20 .VIII
izbrisati 10A3 A.III proticati 7 ustajati A.V
izricati oticati 7 protjecati 7 uticati 17A3b
19A2a otjecati 7 rastajati se 14A2 utjecati 17A3b
izvikati se 20 .VII pisati 2A1 , 2A1z, rezervisati 16A1a vezati B.IV
kazati 5A1 10A1z, 10A4z slagati 20 .II, vikati 20 .VII,
kretati 9A2 plakati 18A2a A .VI B .V
lagati 19A2a plesati 15A1 slagati se 10A4 zakazati B.VI
nadovezati pljeskati (pljeem) slegati [E] zamirisati 20.III
B .VIII B.VIII slijegati [J] zderati 19A2a
napisati 10A2, poinjati 6A2 9
11A1z podizati A.VI
Type 6: piti, pijem
uti 5C1 naliti 11A1z popiti 5A4, sakriti 20 .VI

uti se 8A3 odliti 14A1 11A1z ubiti 19A3a, B.I
dobiti 11A2 otkriti 20.VI preliti 14A1 umiti se 9A2
doliti 14A1 piti 4A4z, 5A1, razotkriti 17A3b zauti se 19A3a
liti 14 10A1z razotkriti se 20.IV
Type 7: krenuti, krenem [some verbs of this type have alternate infinitives of type 15b]
brinuti 13A3, opsednuti postignuti [or spomenuti 16A1b

A.III opsjednuti postii] 13 srknuti 14A1
dignuti [or dii] 11A1z povrnuti 19A3a stignuti [or stii]
14A1 osmehnuti [E] prasnuti B.IV 9A4 , 10, B .I
dodirnuti 20.II osmjehnuti [J] prekinuti 20 .II trnuti 17A3a
dosegnuti 20.III B.I primaknuti 14A1 umetnuti 20.V
granuti 14A2 poinuti 19A1b priviknuti se 20 .II usnuti 20.V
kimnuti 20 .V podignuti [or protrnuti 20 .VIII utihnuti B.VIII
krenuti 9A2 , podii] 15A1 sagnuti se 20.VIII utonuti 18A1a
10A1z, A .V poginuti 14A3 skoknuti 16A1a uzviknuti B.IV
mahnuti 20 .VIII pokrenuti 16A2a skrenuti 13A4 vinuti se 15A1
odmahnuti 20.VI pomenuti 16A1b slegnuti [or slei] zabrinuti 20.VIII
okrenuti 20.VIII 14A1
363
Verb Types
Mixture of type 5 (inf) and type 7 (pres): stati, stanem
nestati 14A4 postati 18A3 stati 11A4, ustati B.VIII

ostati 9A2, 10A2z prestati 14 11A4z, 15A2
Type 8a: kupovati, kupujem
angaovati se identifikovati posedovati [E] savetovati se [E]

16A3a 19A2b posjedovati [J] savjetovati se [J]
darovati interesovati 16A1a 19A2b 11A4
20.VIII kupovati 2A3 , potovati 12A3 stanovati 9A1
delovati [E] 2A3z, 7A3z, proputovati 16A2a sudjelovati 16A1a
djelovati [J] 10A1z putovati 4 tugovati 15A1
20.VIII obradovati 16A1b radovati B .III uestvovati 16A1a
dorukovati 7A1 organizovati radovati se 14A4 verovati [E]
gostovati 11A1z, 16A3b razlikovati 18A2b vjerovati [J]
16A2a otputovati 16A3b 10A4
Type 8b: kazivati, kazujem
ispitivati 20.VII iznenaivati B .III optuivati 20.II ukljuivati 4,

istraivati 15A2 kazivati 10A1z pokazivati A.IV 10A2z
izjednaivati 17A2a objavljivati 17A4 povezivati 16A1b umirivati 20.I
izmenjivati [E] ocenjivati [E] prebacivati 20.VII unajmljivati 16A2b
izmjenjivati [J] ocjenjivati [J] proirivati B .III zahvaljivati 16A2a
20.II 10A3 raspitivati se 20 .III zaraivati 11A3
iznajmljivati 16A2b oekivati 14A4 ukazivati 20 .VIII
Type 9: poznavati, poznajem
davati 10A2z poznavati 3A1, prepoznavati 20 .III upoznavati B .II

dodavati A .III 3A1z, 10A1z, priznavati B .IV
izdavati 16A2a 10A2z prodavati 9
odavati 20.I predavati 16A3a saznavati 19A3b
Type 10: brati, berem
brati 10A1z, oprati 9A2 samleti [E] (sameljem)

A.I poslati (poaljem) B .II samljeti [J] (sameljem)
mleti [E] (meljem) pozvati (pozovem) 13A1 14A1
mljeti [J] (meljem) prati 9A2 slati (aljem) 6A3
14A1 prozvati (prozovem) B .I zvati se (zovem se) 1A1 ,
nazvati (nazov em) sabrati 11A1z, 20.V 1A1z
12A4z, 17C1
364
Verb Types
Type 11: uzeti, uzmem
izuzeti 20 .VI popeti se (popnem se) 14A1 raspeti (raspnem) 17A3a

mreti [E] (mrem) poumreti [E] (poumrem) umreti [E] (umrem)
mrijeti [J] (mrem) poumrijeti [J] (poumrem) umrijeti [J] (umrem)
18A1a 17A2a 17A1a
nazreti (nazrem) 19A2a preduzeti 16A1a uzeti 4A4z, 5A2 , 7A3z,
oteti se 20.II prodreti [E] (prodrem) 10A1z
poeti (ponem) 13A2 prodrijeti [J] (prodrem) zapoeti (zaponem) 20.IV
poduzeti 16A1a 20.I zauzeti 11A1z
Type 12: smeti, smem [E] smjeti, smijem [J]
dospeti [E] razumeti [E] uspeti [E]

dospjeti [J] razumjeti [J] uspjeti [J]
16A1a 7A3 10A2
izumeti [E] smeti [E]
izumjeti [J] smjeti [J]
15A1 10A1z, 12A3
Type 13: jesti, jedem [some verbs of this type have the present tense of type 15b]
dopasti se (dopadnem se) odsesti (odsednem) 16A1a prevesti 10A4z sprovesti 16A1a
B .IV odsjesti (odsjednem) 16A1a provesti 16A2a, 16A3a sresti (sretnem)
dovesti 20.III odvesti 10A4z provesti se 9A2 B.IV
jesti 4A4z, 5A1, pasti (padnem) 10A1z, sesti (sednem) 11A4,
10A1z, 10A2z 10A2, 10A2z 11A4z
napasti (napadnem) 12A4 pojesti 5A4, 10A2z, sjesti (sjednem) 11A4,
navesti 20.VIII, B .III 11A1z 11A4z
Type 14: tresti, tresem
dovesti (dovezem) 10A1z, odvesti (odvezem) 10A4 , prevesti (prevezem) 10A4z

10A4 10A4z, 11A1z, 13A4 tresti 10A1z
prerasti (prerastem) 18A3
Mixture of type 12 (inf [long]), and type 14 (pres): doneti [E] donijeti [J], donesem
doneti [E] odneti [E] preneti [E] pridoneti [E]

donijeti [J] odnijeti [J] pren ijeti [J] pridon ijeti [J]
10A1z, 11A1z, 7A3 , 7A3z 10A4z 16A2b
13A2 poneti [E] prineti [E]
izneti [E] ponijeti [J] prin ijeti [J]
iznijeti [J] 16A1a 20.V
7A3 , 7A3z,
19A3a
365
Verb Types
Type 15a: tei, teem, teku [some verbs of this type have present tense of type 15b]
moi [mogu, moe] 2A4 , podstai (podstaknem) stei (steknem) B.VIII

2A4z, 10A1z 19A3b tei 3, 10A1z
izrei (izreknem) 19A2b podvui 18A1b tui 8
izvui 20.V rei (reknem [rarely used]) uvui 20.VIII
izvui se 11A1z, 20.II 7A3 , 12A4z
obui A.VIII
Type 15b: pomoi, pomognem [some verbs of this type have alternate infinitives of type 7]
dii [or dignuti] 14A1 pobei [E] podii [or podignuti] 15A1 postii [or postignuti] 13
lei 11A4z pobjei [J] pomoi 10A1z, 10A4 slei se [or slegnuti se] 14A1
18A3 stii [or stignuti] 9A4, 10, B.I
Type 16: doi, doem
doi 5A2, 7A3z, 10A1z obii 20.IV proi 13A4

ii 5A1 , A.I otii (odem) 10A2 pronai 11A1z, 14A3, 15A1
izai 10A1 poi 9A4 razii se 14A2
izii 10A1 prei [E] sii 13A4
nai 10, 12A2 prijei [J] ui 12A2, 12A4z
nai se 10A1 19A1a zai 18A1b
naii 14A2 prii 20.IV , B.I
Irregular
biti 1A1, 1A1z, 1A4 z, 6A2z, 12A4z hteti [E] htjeti [J] 5A2 , 5A2z, 9A1z, 9A2z, 10A1
budem 5A3 , 5A3z
366
Verb Types
Appendix 10: KLJU
1A1
WHAT IS YOUR NAME?
1. Hi!
2. Hi. Who are you?
1. I am a student and my name is [I am called] ......... .
And what is your name?
2. My name is ........ .
1A2
WHAT IS THIS?
1. What is this?
2. That is a pencil.
1. Is it yours?
2. Yes, it is mine.
1. No, no! It is not yours! It is hers!
1. What is this?
2. That is a textbook.
1. Is it yours?
2. Yes, it is mine.
1. No, no! It is not yours! It is hers!
1. What is this?
2. That is a letter.
1. Is it yours?
2. Yes, it is mine.
1. No! It is not yours! It is mine!
1A3
#1 and #2 are students who run into a couple, George and Mary, walking with another student, #3, and they
strike up a conversation while on a stroll through a park. George and Mary have a dog, #2 is holding a cat.
HELLO!
1. Hello! [Good day!]

2. Hello! [speaking to #1] How sweet this dog is!
1. It is their dog [points to Mary and George], not mine. Is that your cat?
2. Yes, its mine.
1. What is its name?
2. The cat is called Maca. And what is that sweet dog called?
3. Its called Freddy.
2. And what is your name?
1. My name is .......... and what are yours?
2. Our names are ......... and ......... . And you, what is your name?
George: My name is George, this is my wife Mary, and Freddy is ours.
367
Klju
My question is: How does one say George in Croatian and Serbian?
1. One says Juraj in Croatian.
2. And one says ore in Serbian.
Mary: And in Bosnian?
3. Either Juraj or ore.
1A4
DOG AND CAT
1. Are you a student?

2. Yes, I am a student. Are you a [female] student?
1. I am.
3. I am a [female] student, too. And George and Mary, who are they?
2. George is a professor, and Mary is a professor.
3. And their dog?
2. Their dog is not a professor. A dog isnt a person! But he is our friend.
3. Are the dog and the cat friends?
2. They are and they arent.
1. Is George French?
2. No, he is an Englishman.
1. And what is Mary?
2. She is an Englishwoman.
2A1
STUDYING TOGETHER
1. Mehmed! (or Tomislav! or Nada!)

2. Yes?
1. Do you have the notebook?
2. I have it but I dont have the dictionary. Have you got it?
1. I have the dictionary but I dont have the notebook. Do you want us to study together tomorrow?
2. Tomorrow? On Thursday? Sorry, not on Thursday, but on Friday.
1. Fine! Well see each other on Friday.
2A2
WHOM DO YOU SEE?
1. That man is really tall!

2. Excuse me? Who do you see?
1. I see that tall man.
2. Ah, him! He certainly is tall!
2A3
I AM BUYING A DOG
1. Hey, what are you up to?

2. I am buying a dog for my brother.
1. This yellow one here?
2. No, that red one there.
1. Why dont you want to buy the yellow dog?
368
Klju
2. Because my brother likes the color red!
1. Sure, the red one is OK, too!
2A4
THE STATIONERY STORE
1. Hello!
2. Hello! Can I help you?
1. Please, do you have the new German textbook?
2. We have it. Do you want it?
1. Thanks, definitely, and I want to buy a pencil.
2. Do you want this yellow one? It writes nicely.
1. Excellent! And can I buy an alphabetical notebook for a vocabulary list here?
2. We have one. Would you like to take a look at it? Here.
1. Thank you! That is all. May I pay?
2. Certainly. Here is the cash register.
1. Good-bye.
2. Good-bye!
3A1
HOW ARE YOU?
1. ......... ?
2. Yes?
1. How are you?
2. Fine, and you?
1. Excellent.
2. Who are those people?
1. Those ones over there? They are our friends. Their names are Jasmin and Jasna [or Darko and Anka, or
Mirko and Jovan].
2. No. I am not thinking of Jasmin and Jasna [or Darko and Anka, or Mirko and Jovan]. I know them. Who
are those men over there?
1. Ah! I dont know them. Why do you ask?
2. I am asking because I am looking for a person.
1. What is his name?
2. His name is Emir Begovi [or Ivan Boi or Milorad Jovanovi]
1. I know Emir Begovi [or Ivan Boi or Milorad Jovanovi]. He isnt here today but I have his number.
2. Great! Thanks!
1. Youre welcome.
3A2
GOOD NIGHT!
1. Good evening. What are you doing?

2. Im looking out the window. What a marvelous night!
1. It is indeed. The right moment for a great love!
2. I am not thinking of love, but of poetry.
1. Of poetry? Why not of love?
2. Because I love words, and not people.
1. Good night then!
369
Klju
3A3
WHICH DO YOU PREFER?
1. Which do you prefer? Dogs or cats?

2. I prefer dogs. I am allergic to cats.
1. I like cats, but only some.
2. What kind of cats? Large or small?
1. I like large cats, and you? What sort of dogs do you like?
2. I like only small dogs.
3A4
WHOSE PENCILS ARE THESE?
1. Whose pencils are these?

2. Mine.
1. Which are yours?
2. All are mine.
1. The long and the short ones? Surely these long ones are yours, and the short ones are mine.
2. No. They are all mine.
4A1
WHERE ARE YOU FROM?
1. Where are your parents from?

2. My parents are from ......... . And yours?
1. My parents are from ......... . And are you also from ......... ?
2. I am also from ......... . And you? Are you from ......... as your parents are?
1. I am not. I am from ......... .
2. And that young woman there? Where are her parents from?
1. Her parents are from ......... .
2. And that young man? Where are his parents from?
1. His parents are from ......... .
4A2
WHO HAS OUR BOOKS?
1. Hasan [or Ante or Mirko], where is my book?

2. Ive got it.
1. And Zlatans [or Brankos or Slobodans] book?
2. Ive got his book, too.
1. And Mirjanas book?
2. I even have her book
1. Why do you have all our books?
2. Because Im reading them.
1. And who has the book that belongs to our friend Hana [or Dijana or Grozdana]?
2. Whose?
1. Hanas [or Dijanas or Grozdanas]!
2. Ah, that books not here. I dont know whos got it.
1. So, you do have three books, but you dont have one book?
2. Thats right!
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4A3
SOMETHING ELSE ...
1. ......... ! Are you thirsty? Would you like a glass of juice?

2. No, thanks, I have orange juice, but I would like some cold water without ice.
1. Heres a full glass of cold water. What else would you like?
2. Two cookies, please.
1. I have these two nice cookies. Will that do?
2. Thats fine, thanks!
1. Something else?
2. Thanks, nothing else.
4A4
IM LOOKING FOR SOME THINGS
1. ......... ! I am looking for some things.

2. What things?
1. First, the dictionary. Have you got it?
2. Which dictionary? From English into Bosnian [or Croatian or Serbian], or from Bosnian [or Croatian or
Serbian] into English?
1. From Bosnian [or Croatian or Serbian] into English, that blue one.
2. Ah, here it is, near you! Something else?
1. Yes, next, my textbook is nowhere to be found. Do you know where it is?
2. I do [know]. There it is, away from you, over there by the notebook, next to the blackboard.
1. Next to what?
2. Next to the blackboard!
1. And then, where are my two nice pencils?
2. Both pencils are between the Bosnian [or Croatian or Serbian] dictionary and your textbook.
5A1
FIVE CATS AND FIVE DOGS
Short story: Five large cats and five fat dogs are going into town.
Where are you going, cats? ask the dogs.
We are going from one house to another, say the cats.
How many houses do you have? ask the dogs.
We have five little houses for five big cats, say the cats.
Why are you going from house to house? ask the dogs.
To eat pears. We are hungry, answer the cats.
A few pears or a lot of pears? ask the dogs.
We are taking two pears each, say the cats.
5A2
NO MONEY!
1. If there is time before lunch, I am going to the university.

2. There is time, but theres no money.
1. No money?! Ill go immediately to the bank, if you give me the car!
2. You cant take the car, because there is no gas.
1. No problem. Im off on foot to the bank, and after the bank I am going to the university.
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2. And after the university?
1. Im back! I am coming to dinner at four oclock!
2. As far as I am concerned, you can come at six. Dinner will be waiting for you if you want to eat it.
5A3
WHO IS COMING?
1. Next week on Wednesday at five oclock I am going to the station to meet someone.
2. Who is coming?
1. My fathers brother.
2. I know [...] means your mothers brother. Does one say [...] for your fathers brother?
1. Yes! Thats right. He is my paternal uncle.
2. What does he do and where does he live?
1. He is a judge and lives in Biha [or Rijeka or Novi Sad].
2. A judge! Is your uncles work interesting?
1. Thats a matter of taste. He likes his work.
2. I want to be a lawyer.
5A4
GOING INTO TOWN
1. When can you come over tomorrow?

2. At four in the afternoon.
1. So when can we go to a movie theater to see a film?
2. At five oclock.
1. Do you want us to go and get something to eat and drink afterwards?
2. Sure!
1. Mama, until what time may he and I be out?
3. Until ten oclock.
1. Cant we be out until twelve?
3. Out of the question! Tomorrow is not a weekend. OK, you can be out until eleven oclock.
6A1
IN THE BUILDING
1. Where are the table and chairs?

2. The table is [standing] on the floor and the chairs are around the table.
1. And where is the table in the room?
2. The table is by the wall but away from the blackboard, in the middle of the room.
1. How many centimeters is it from the table to the blackboard?
2. It is precisely one hundred twenty centimeters.
1. And where is the room?
2. On the first floor.
1. And where is the floor?
2. In this building.
6A2
THE UNIVERSITY
1. What is your book about?
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2. I was reading about student life at Sarajevo [or Zagreb or Belgrade] University.
1. And what is their life like according to the book?
2. It says in the book that students have many oral and few written exams.
1. From when to when does the school year go?
2. The winter [fall] semester only begins in the month of October and ends in January.
1. And the summer [spring] semester?
2. The summer [spring] semester begins in February and ends in July.
1. They certainly start late and finish late!
2. Indeed, but in July there are no more lectures; there are only exams.
1. And how many years do students usually study in Sarajevo [or Zagreb or Belgrade] ?
2. Lectures are attended for four years, and then the students are apsolvents for a year.
1. What does apsolvent mean?
2. Apsolvents do not attend lectures, instead they only take exams until they pass them all.
6A3
HOW ARE YOU FEELING?
1. What was going on with you yesterday?

2. I wasnt feeling too well.
1. How are you now?
2. Im better.
1. What are you doing? Who are you writing to?
2. I have been sitting here for an hour already, writing to my sister. And you, what are you doing?
1. I, too, am sitting and writing a letter to someone.
2. Who are you writing to?
1. I am writing to an old friend.
2. Im so glad! And what are you writing to him about?
1. I am sending him greetings and writing to him about myself and about Bosnia.
2. My regards to him, too! How interesting! I have just put pictures of Montenegro into the letter to my
sister.
6A4
WHAT DO YOU LIKE?
1 Which do you like more: sweet or savory dishes? My mother cooks all kinds of food wonderfully.
2. I like sweet dishes better.
1. Do you like meat?
2. I like many kinds of food, but I dont like meat.
1. My mother is from Argentina. She always says that meat must be put on the menu every day.
2. Excuse me, but it seems to me that it is not necessary to eat meat.
7A1
BREAKFAST
1. What do you eat for breakfast? Do you want to eat with me? I can prepare something for you and for
myself.
2. I usually eat cereal.
1. What do you prepare it with?
2. With milk and sugar. And you?
1. I often have dark bread for breakfast with cottage cheese and green pepper, and sometimes sausage, but I
never have cereal
2. What do you drink?
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1. I always drink coffee with warm milk. And you?
2. I drink tea without anything.
1. Can it be that you drink it without sugar or milk or lemon? How can you drink such tea?
2. Of course I can. Dont worry!
7A2
HOW DO YOU GET TO WORK?
1. How do you get to work Mondays?

2. I usually go by tram.
1. And on Tuesdays?
2. On Tuesdays my wife and I always go together and we are in a hurry so we go by car.
1. By car?! So you are a driver! But isnt that expensive?
2. It is expensive, but it is pleasant! I have been driving for years.
1. What about by bicycle or motorcycle? That is good for the health.
2. I can go by bicycle, but it seems dangerous to me to ride a motorcycle. I am afraid of a traffic accident.
1. In a way you are right. You are young! The future is ahead of you. Dont gamble it away!
2. For the sake of health I like to walk the two kilometers from my house to work when the weather is nice.
7A3
DONT!
1. Please, come over here and give me an apple.

2. Heres the apple!
1. Thanks! And now hurry! Go over to Redija [or Ines or Ana] and take her this book.
2. Oh come on! Leave me alone! I am not your servant!
1. Fine, I understand. Listen, I am going to her with the book myself!
2. As far as I am concerned, do what you want.
1. Lets not [talk] this way. Tell me, can Redija [or Ines or Ana] and I take you to the movies?
2. Id rather not. Let her go with you. I feel like sleeping. Eat up that apple and be off to the movie theater.
1. Come on! Forget the sleeping! Lets go see some amusing movie. Take your coat and lets go.
7A4
WHAT DO YOU USE TO WRITE WITH?
1. What do you use to write with?

2. I usually write with a pencil.
1. And where do you study?
2. When I dont have classes sometimes I study in my room, but I often go to the language lab.
1. Every day has its beginning, middle and end. When do you study best?
2. I particularly like to study in the early morning. I cannot study late at night. And you, when do you study
best?
1. It is all the same to me, in the morning, the afternoon or evening. And when do you listen to music?
2. I listen to music all day long.
8A1
PATIENCE
Girls are sitting patiently at the table.

Under the girls are chairs.
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Inside the girls is breakfast.
The [female] professor looks at the girls.
The girls learn from the professor.
And the professor learns from the girls.
Hello, professor!
8A2
IMPATIENCE
Calm children are sitting patiently at the table.

Under the calm children are chairs.
Inside the calm children is breakfast.
A restless child watches the calm children.
The restless child learns from the calm children.
And the calm children learn from the restless child.
Hello, children!
8A3
GET IN TOUCH!
1. What happiness! A letter from [my] parents!

2. Do you often talk with your parents?
1. I communicate with them by letter, and sometimes by phone.
2. By letter? Havent you considered buying them a computer?
1. No, because I like to stay in touch with them by letters, and besides they dont want to have a computer.
2. And how do you communicate with students abroad?
1. I always stay in touch with them over the internet.
8A4
THE ROOM
1. Where is our blackboard?

2. Our blackboard is in the room, on the wall, in front of the students and near the professor, by the
professors lectern.
1. It is in the middle of the wall, and that wall is between the two other walls behind the door.
2. Next to the window on the one side and the door on the other, above the floor, below the ceiling, and
below the lamps, and across from us.
1. Across from whom?
2. Across from us.
9A1
WHAT WILL YOU BE DOING?
1. What will you be doing over the summer?

2. After the exam period I will be going to Paris for a month.
1. Wonderful! What will you do there?
2. It will be a study visit. I have been dreaming of this for years!
1. And what will you study while you are in Paris?
2. I will study how to speak French, day and night. And I will eat French cooking, of course.
1. And where will you stay?
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2. Ill stay with a French family.
9A2
LOOK AT YOURSELF!
1. Look at yourself in the mirror!

2. Do you want to say that I am messy? Oh, how embarrassing!
1. You are the same as always. Your face is dirty. Brush your hair, wash your face and your hands, and
then youll look better!
2. Watch while I comb my hair, wash my face and hands. Now I am tidy and my face is clean! Will you go
into town with me?
1. I wont. I want to stay home because I have my hands full of work. Will you brush your teeth?
2. I wont now. Ill eat while Im out, so Ill brush them before I go to sleep. Bye! Im in a rush! Im off!
Ill be home after eleven.
1. Have a nice time. If Im not sleepy, Ill wait up for you. Dont wake me if Im sleeping.
9A3
LIVING
1. Where will you be living in the fall?

2. Ill stay in the dormitory. And you?
1. I am not going back to the dorm. This year Im going to find a place to rent. Im looking for an
apartment now. Are you going to be sharing a room with someone in the dorm?
2. I dont want to live with anyone, but want to or not, you have to! And you?
1. Ill see. Maybe Ill get an apartment with some students and share the expenses and rent with them.
2. I dont feel like looking for a place to rent. It suits me perfectly here, close by. I wont have to waste time
and walk a long way to lectures.
9A4
AT THE TRAIN STATION
1. When will your parents come to see your new apartment?

2. They arrive by train tomorrow at 2:30.
1. Will you meet them?
2. Of course I will. I am leaving for the station at two oclock. Will you go with me to meet them?
1. I cant, because Im at a lecture, but my brother feels like going. He loves your parents and wants to
greet them with you.
2. Doesnt he have a lot of work this week?
1. He does, but he will go with you, regardless.
10A1
AT CHARLIES
1. What did you do on Friday?

2. I was at the university in the morning.
1. And in the afternoon?
2. In the afternoon I went into town and met up with friends.
1. And did you go out with them in the evening?
2. Yes. We had dinner in a restaurant.
1. What is the restaurant called, where is it located and what did you order?
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2. It is called At Charlies, it is in the center of town, and we ate evapii and drank beer.
1. Is that your first time at that restaurant?
2. No, I was there once before.
1. Were there any problems with the food at the restaurant?
2. No, there were no problems whatsoever. Everything was excellent. Then I came home by bus.
10A2
TO WRITE AND FINISH WRITING
1. Are you doing homework assignments?

2. No, I already finished them.
1. You are probably reading the third chapter in the textbook.
2. No, Ive already finished reading it.
1. Are you going to take the exam in Bosnian (or Serbian or Croatian) on Monday?
2. Yes! Because last time I didnt pass it, instead I got flustered and failed.
1. Are you going to the university again today?
2. No. I went on Friday. I am studying today at home all day.
1. Great! Because that way you will learn everything and you wont fail any more!
2. I will be pleased to succeed at last.
10A3
ONCE THERE WAS A LION Duan Radovi
Once upon a time there was a lion.

What kind of lion?
A terrible lion! Bristling and all furious.
Terrible! Terrible!
Dont ask what he ate.

An entire tram, and a piece of a cloud.
Terrible! Terrible!
He walked on three legs,

He looked with three eyes,
He listened with three ears.
Terrible! Terrible!
Sharp teeth, an evil gaze,

he didnt know what mercy was.
Terrible! Terrible!
Until Brana, one day,

erased him with an eraser.
Terrible! Terrible!
10A4
MY LEGS AND ARMS ACHE!
1. Help me, please! My legs and arms and back ache, and especially my fingers!
2. Are you sick?
1. No, I think Im healthy, just tired. I cant carry these books.
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2. Take care [of yourself]! Ill help you! But if I help you, you also must help me.
1. With doing the homework? Lets study together. In my opinion you and I will figure everything out the
most easily that way.
2. I agree. My head is already aching from studying. First well carry the books, then I will drive you to my
place and well study there together.
1. Last time coffee helped us, too. I must wake up. Im sleepy.
2. Believe me, I havent forgotten that! If your stomach doesnt hurt I have plenty of coffee for you and me.
11A1
IMPORTANT, MORE IMPORTANT, THE MOST IMPORTANT!
1. Your question was important, but mine was more important.

2. True, but my question was definitely more interesting!
3. Enough said. My question is more important and more interesting than yours, and thats final!
1. [turning to fourth student] You try to tell us: who of us has the most interesting question?
4. The matter is solved! The debate is done! I have concluded that each of you considers your question the
most interesting!
11A2
TWO RESTAURANTS
1. Lets compare these two restaurants. Are they similar to one another or different?
2. Fine. To begin with, tell me which you like more and which you like less?
1. In my opinion, they are not at all similar to one another. This restaurant appeals to me less.
2. Why? The food is better in this one than in that one.
1. I agree. But there one waits less [time]. In this restaurant it is harder to get a table than in that one. I feel
better there.
2. That restaurant is larger than this one.
1. Where is the atmosphere more pleasant?
2. The atmosphere is less pleasant in that one.
1. Agreed: this restaurant has better cooking. One waits longer, however, and it is harder to get a table, and
it is smaller, but it has a more pleasant atmosphere. That restaurant has worse cooking, one waits for a
shorter time, it is easier to get a table, and it is larger.
2. Therefore, this restaurant needs more space and more tables, and that restaurant needs better cooking and
a more pleasant atmosphere! I must conclude that these two restaurants are completely different.
11A3
A PROFESSION AND A JOB
1. What are you doing?

2. Reading the novel The Bosnian Chronicles by the writer Ivo Andri.
1. Ah, I remember that novel! I read it, too, many years ago. But I wasnt thinking of that, instead I meant
to ask you what you do!
2. Oh that! By profession I am an engineer, but I drive a taxi.
1. Is it possible?! Are you satisfied with that? Do you at least make good money driving a taxi?
2. Depends on when! Its best at night.
1. And what do your friends do?
2. They are all taxi drivers, but they have various professions.
1. For example?
2. One is a physician, one is a mathematician, one is a carpenter, but they all have a drivers license and a
map of the city. What do you do?
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1. I have just graduated from the Faculty of Political Science, but there were no jobs for journalists before,
there are none now, and there wont be any in the future either.
2. Stop! Go and pass your drivers test. Youll need your drivers license! You can always be a taxi driver!
11A4
I NEED A JOB!
1. Sit down here. Help me! I need a better job. I dont earn enough!
2. I understand. Surely you fear the uncertainty.
1. I am not afraid of anything and I dont need your understanding. I need a job!
2. But the question is whether you will find a good job in some company if you keep on sitting here.
1. I am not sitting, I am lying down. This way I can watch television more easily.
2. Worse yet! Stand up on your feet. Your attitude toward work bothers me. Enough waiting. You need
studying and knowledge.
1. I should stand in line at the employment service?
2. What else?! You should get the advice of the staff at the Service. You ought to try.
1. That wouldnt even occur to me. Things will start to move of their own accord. This sort of life doesnt
bother me too much.
2. Well, you just go ahead, and lie there and watch television. You never know.
12A1
THE DORMITORY
Students who live in the dormitory must arrange their own rooms before the beginning of the semester.
Each [male] student has a [male] roommate and each [female] student has a [female] roommate. For
furniture, therefore, each room should have two beds, two bedside tables, two desks, two lamps and two
small rugs. Each student brings with himself (or herself) bedding: a pillow, sheets, a blanket. The room is
divided into three parts: one third of the room is for the desks and lamps, the second third is for the beds,
bedside tables and small rugs, and the third part is a shared area. Since each wing of the dormitory has 150
rooms, then, each wing must have 300 beds, 300 bedside tables, 300 desks, 300 lamps and 300 small rugs.
Since every student has approximately 15 textbooks, this means that students have about 30 textbooks per
room, or about 4,500 textbooks per [dormitory] wing. Students should study approximately 4 hours a day in
their rooms. Multiplying that by 180 days in the school year, it turns out that one student needs to study 720
hours, i.e. two students need to study 1,440 hours, while five students need to study 3,600 hours annually. It
should be said that every dormitory has nine wings.
12A2
SHOPPING
Having left their houses at half past four, three women went along the street, chatting and enjoying the
stroll. Four blue and yellow cars parked nearby them. Out stepped four tall men at a quarter to five. They
all extended hands to one another, greeted each other and conversed cheerfully. Then these seven people
went into a large store at #21 Oak Street. Twelve cats and eleven dogs looked at them from the store
window. Having entered the store, the women bought the men a dog and a cat each, while the men bought
the women flowers and a kilo of candy and immediately gave them to them. And then those three women,
each with her flowers, met up with six more, and after strenuous shopping, the nine of them went off to a
nearby caf for a cup of coffee and some conversation. The men, however, stopped in at the nearest tavern,
the smokers among them smoked at the bar, each of them drank something while standing, and they
watched the basketball game on television. After the game, the bar closed and each of them went his own
way.
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12A3
HOW OLD ARE YOU?
1. How old are you?

2. Nineteen eighty four is my year [of birth]. Ill be turning 21 this summer.
1. When is your birthday?
2. My birthday is August 18th.
1. I am traveling precisely on August 18th to Rome. Will you go with me?
2. Unfortunately I cant. I have decided to stay here. I have an obligation toward my family. I mustnt miss
celebrating my birthday with my family.
1. But surely you have been celebrating your birthday with your family for years?
2. Family traditions should be respected!
1. When you are celebrating your birthday you will remember me and you will be sorry you didnt go with
me to Rome.
2. Never mind. Have a great trip!
1. And I wish you a happy birthday in advance.
2. Thanks!
12A4
WHAT HAPPENED?
1. a. What happened on July 4, 1776?

b. The United States of America proclaimed its independence.
2. a. What happened on December 7, 1941?
b. The Axis forces attacked Pearl Harbor.
3. a. What happened on November 22, 1963?
b. Lee Harvey Oswald assassinated President John Kennedy.
13A1
WELCOME!
1. Welcome, sir! Would you be so kind as to come with me from the hallway into the room?
2. I would be glad to! Thank you for inviting me.
1. Do sit down. What might I offer you?
2. Maam, I am terribly thirsty. Might I ask for a little cold water?
1. Of course! With ice or without?
2. With lots and lots of ice!
1. Here you are, sir! And do you wish to drink or eat something else? Perhaps some wine and cake?
2. Thank you, maam. I like that red wine. Would you be so kind as to pour me some?
1. Here you are, sir! A full glass is better than an empty one! I would recommend this cake as well. Might I
serve you some?
2. Thank you, maam, Id gladly have a little cake. But please, less! Even less! Now that will do nicely.
And you?
1. Sweet things dont agree with me, thanks. The wine suits me best.
13A2
HERES THE COMPUTER!
1. [carrying a heavy box] Here, Ive brought your computer. It is fixed. Where should I put it down?
2. Put it there on the desk, please.
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1. If you want me to put it on the desk you will have to clear all those things of yours off !
2. Right away, but might I offer you some coffee before that?
1. No, thanks. I already had some today. Im in a hurry. [groaning under the weight of the box] If you
would clear away these things I could begin to work.
2. Naturally! But since you are already here, could you explain some things regarding the computer?
1. [groaning] Please, you said that you would clear away those things! Dont be silly! I must leave as soon
as possible to go to the next customer.
2. OK. [clearing the desk] I have cleared them away. I am sorry you cant stay at least a few minutes
longer!
13A3
TAKE IT EASY ...
1. If I read through your materials tonight, Ill give them to you tomorrow morning early at work.
2. How many pages do you have left?
1. Well, about fifty.
2. It would be better if you were to read them soon by 6:30 p.m. at the latest. I need my copy of the
materials to work on them with a colleague tonight at 7:30 p.m.
1. I dont care. Let the colleague work on them on his own.
2. Think of my reputation! What will the other business partners say when I appear before them at the
meeting tomorrow unprepared?
1. Take it easy. I have no idea what they will say. Let them say what they will. If I were a magician I could
read them [the materials] by tonight. A shame that Im not.
2. And if I were a king, I wouldnt be worried! As it is I dont even dare make an appearance tomorrow.
13A4
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Please, how do I get from here to the main square?

2. It isnt hard. Ill explain. First, at the newspaper stand you should purchase a bus ticket, which you will
give to the bus driver. He will void the ticket. You will [on the bus] pass ten blocks or so to the third
stop. You should get off at the third stop .
1. And when I get off, will I then be on the square where I want to be?
2. Youll see the square immediately, right in front of you. You should not turn left or right. And why are
you going to the square, if I may ask?
1. You may! I am looking for the City Caf. A colleague told me that the building which I will see next to
the City Caf is very beautiful.
2. Indeed. That is the building where I live! I can take you there in my car if you have nothing against it.
1. I would be very grateful!
14A1
A RECIPE FOR COFFEE
Put a full [Turkish] coffee pot of water on the stove. Place an empty coffee cup near it. As soon as the
water comes to a boil, you should pour a little of the boiled water off into the cup and remove the pot from
the burner. If you want coffee with sugar, you should sweeten the hot water now with two small spoonfuls
of sugar, return the coffee pot to the burner for just a few seconds, and then remove the pot from the burner
again. While the pot is off to the side, you should scoop up five heaping spoonfuls of ground coffee and
add them to the hot water. Stir the coffee and water well with the spoon. Then you should firmly grasp the
handle of the coffee pot and put the pot back on the burner. Then watch closely as the coffee rises in the
pot. When it gets to the very top, you should quickly take it off the burner, that instant. Then you wait two
or three minutes until the coffee settles in the pot. Then put the pot back on the burner again, and then take
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it off again as soon as the coffee rises to the top. Then for the final, third, time put the pot back on the
burner until the coffee, for the last time, rises up to the top of the coffee pot for the last time. Then you
should set the coffee pot with the coffee to the side, take the coffee cup with the water you poured off, and
pour this water over the coffee, while it is still in the pot. Then line up four coffee cups one next to the
other. Place one small spoonful of foam into each cup. When all the foam has been divided, then you pour
the coffee up to the top of each coffee cup. You leave the grounds to settle out. You need to sip a little to
see if it is sweet enough. And in the end, when the coffee has been drunk, then ones future is read from the
grounds which remain on the bottom of the cup.
14A2
A STORM
Returning home by car after a business trip in another city, two colleagues happened upon a storm with
heavy precipitation, first snow, then rain, and to make matters worse, it was getting dark. Having turned off
the road and having stopped at the nearest town by 5:30 p.m., they took shelter in a tavern. Watching
through the window of the tavern as the snow turned to gusts of rain and wind, they thought miserably
about whether it was worth traveling further. Eating dinner there and having had some wine, they talked
about their situation. Knowing that they couldnt drive through such a storm, they decided to spend the
night in a nearby hotel. Having felt helpless, they listened to the news, the weather report and the report on
the condition on the motorways. Having gotten in touch with their families at about 8:30 p.m., they went to
bed, hoping that the weather would be nicer the next day so that they would be able to continue their trip.
And indeed, having woken up very early, at five of five, they heard on the news that the conditions on the
motorways were significantly better. Driving, they saw the clouds disperse, the sun come out, and the day
clear up. Hurrying back, they didnt stop once along the way, all the way to thier town where they arrived
at twenty to eleven. they checked in at work for the sake of appearances, and then, parting ways, each
returned to her own home.
14A3
ACCIDENT CHRONICLE
Last night at around eight oclock, a woman and man were found lying unconscious by the side of the road.
The emergency number was called and the case was reported to the police. The couple was driven to the
hospital in an ambulance. Later, in a statement for the public, it was confirmed that they were brother and
sister. The woman was born in 1973 and the man was born in 1975. It was said that luckily the two had not
been killed, but had survived a bad traffic accident. Their family was informed.
14A4
FOG
The autumn fog was thick that night, so nothing was seen. All sounds were silenced by the fog so nothing
was heard. There was gathering [people gathered] at the train station but nothing was said. The return of
schoolchildren and teachers from a school excursion was anticipated. The children were expected at nine o
clock in the evening, but because of the fog it wasnt certain whether the train would be late or not. After an
hours delay, suddenly the train was noticed as it arrived from afar. The concern of the parents vanished as
soon as it was understood that the children would soon appear. There was arriving [the children arrived]
finally at the station at ten fifty five. There was joy at the arrival of the train. In the end, when the children
stepped down off the train, the fear was completely forgotten and there was a going [everyone went] home
to sleep.
In this case the more literal translation is meant to describe as closely as possible how the BCS se-verb
passives work. In several instances, the more normal English translation is given in brackets.
382
Klju
Key to audio recordings 77, 78
NA KOLODVORU [C]
10A1 KOD CHARLIEA [B,C]
KOD ARLIJA [S]
The A exercises for Lessons 1-14, the poems in 79, 80 10A2 PISATI I NAPISATI
lessons 17, 18 and 19, and the three short stories 81, 82 10A3 BIO JEDNOM JEDAN LAV
are recorded in three CD sets, one each for Bos- Duan Radovi
nian, Croatian and Serbian. Track numbers for 83, 84 10A4 BOLE ME I NOGE I RUKE!
the regular version are given in bold, for the 85, 86 11A1 VANO, VANIJE,
slow version in non-bold. NAJVANIJE
87, 88 11A2 DVA RESTORANA
89, 90 11A3 STRUKA I POSAO
First CD
91, 92 11A4 TREBA MI POSAO!
1, 2 1A1 KAKO SE ZOVE?
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Second CD
1A2 TA JE OVO? [B,S]
1 12A1 STUDENTSKI DOM
TO JE OVO? [C] 2 12A2 KUPOVINA
9, 10 1A3 DOBAR DAN! 3, 4 12A3 KOLIKO IMA GODINA?
11, 12 1A4 PAS I MAKA 5, 6 12A4 TA SE DOGODILO? [B,S]
13, 14 2A1 UITI ZAJEDNO TO SE DOGODILO? [C]
l5, 16 2A2 KOGA VIDI?
7, 8 13A1 DOBRODOLI!
17, 18 2A3 KUPUJEM PSA
9, 10 13A2 EVO KOMPJUTERA! [B,S]
19, 20 2A4 PAPIRNICA
EVO KOMPJUTORA! [C]
21, 22 3A1 KAKO STE?
11, 12 13A3 POLAKO ...
23, 24 3A2 LAKU NO!
13, 14 13A4 UPUTSTVA
25, 26 3A3 TA VIE VOLI? [B,S] 15 14A1 RECEPT ZA KAHVU [B]
TO VIE VOLI? [C] KAVU [C] KAFU [S]
27, 28 3A4 IJE SU OVE OLOVKE?
16 17A1 LJEPOTICA I ZVIJER
29, 30 4A1 ODAKLE STE?
Ferida Durakovi
31, 32 4A2 KOD KOGA SU NAE
17 17A2 ZEMLJA A. B. imi
KNJIGE?
33, 34 4A3 I JO NETO ... 18 17A3 VEE NA KOLJU
35, 36 4A4 TRAIM NEKE STVARI Aleksa anti
37, 38 5A1 PET MAAKA I PET PASA 19 18A1 JESENJE VEE
39, 40 5A2 NEMA NOVCA! Antun Gustav Mato
41, 42 5A3 KO DOLAZI? [B,S] 20 18A2 NOTTURNO Tin Ujevi
TKO DOLAZI? [C] 21 19A1 OIJU TVOJIH DA NIJE
43, 44 5A4 IZLAZAK U GRAD Vasko Popa
45, 46 6A1 U ZGRADI 22 19A2 ZA LAI IZGOVORENE IZ
47, 48 6A2 UNIVERZITET [B,S] MILOSRA
SVEUILITE [C] Desanka Maksimovi
49, 50 6A3 KAKO TI JE? 23-30 OSAM MALIH PRIA O MOJOJ
51, 52 6A4 TA TI SE SVIA? [B,S] ENI David Albahari
TO TI SE SVIA? [C] 31-38 LJUBAV NA PANJOLSKI
53, 54 7A1 DORUAK NAIN Muharem Bazdulj
55, 56 7A2 IME IDE NA POSAO? 39-46 20.I-20.VIII U ZAGRLJAJU RIJEKE
57, 58 7A3 MA NEMOJ! Miro Gavran
59, 60 7A4 IME PIE?
61, 62 8A1 STRPLJENJE The above material was read by: Maa ulu-
63, 64 8A2 NESTRPLJENJE movi, Ana Galjani, Nada Jemenica, Ivona
65, 66 8A3 JAVI SE! Josipovi, Marina Jovanovi, Emir Kamenica,
67, 68 8A4 SOBA Mia Midenjak, Natalija Novta, Slobodan Rado-
69, 70 9A1 TA E RADITI? [B,S] man, Azra Pravdi, Obrad epanovi, and
TO E RADITI? [C] Toma Tasovac. There are minor discrepancies in
71, 72 9A2 POGLEDAJ SE! text and pronunciation between the recorded and
73, 74 9A3 STANOVANJE
printed versions of the exercises.
75, 76 9A4 NA STANICI [B,S]
How to use the BCS glossary
General. This glossary includes all words used in the Textbook plus certain additional words which are in
frequent use. For each word, one finds the relevant grammatical information (in italics), the English defini-
tion, notes on usage, and affiliation where relevant (in brackets). Abbreviations used are defined on p. 388.
For each entry introduced in an A-lesson vocabulary box (or a vocabulary box accompanying a homework
exercise), the lesson and section number are given. When a lesson has two vocabulary boxes in each A sec-
tion, these are identified by the letters a and b after the lesson and section number.
Example: kolegica f [B,C] colleague (f.) 13A4
suton m dusk 18A1a
The symbol z refers to examples provided in the grammar sections:
Example: Jugoslavija f Yugoslavia 17A4z
The symbols , refer to words from the Geography and Aphorism sections at the ends of Lessons 1-15.
Examples: Posavina f the Sava river valley 6
parkiranje n parking 10
A boxed-in number refers to examples given in the boxes that provide cultural commentary.
Example: ovaj excl. umm, uh... . 9A3 .
The symbol refers to the stories by David Albahari or Muharem Bazdulj.

Examples: prodavaica f saleswoman A .IV
rastanak m; Gsg rastanka parting, farewell B.IV
The symbol , always given first in an entry, refers the reader to one of the Appendices.
Example: radost f; Gsg radosti Isg -ou or -osti joy 4 3A2
Many entries include several numbers and symbols. For instance:

pitanje n 1. question 1A2, 3A1z, 3A2z; 2. issue 1
Some words in the glossary are without any number or symbol. These represent additional vocabulary,
which has been included to give a broader range of expression than permitted by the Lessons.
Example: zebra f; Gpl zebara or zebri 1. zebra [ = animal]; 2. crosswalk
Definitions. Many words have several meanings. Some are more or less synonymous while others are quite
distinct. Those judged as synonyms are separated by commas, while those seen as distinct meanings are
numbered. Not all meanings of all words are listed; for this one must consult a full dictionary. In addition,
not all meanings listed in the glossary are used in the Textbook; if a word is used in a particular meaning in
the Textbook, the above symbols identify the point in the book where this occurs. Any necessary amplifica-
tions of a definition are given in brackets or parentheses. Related idioms are given as sub-entries.
Examples: pametan, pametna adj. intelligent, smart 11A2
nego conj. 1. but, rather 2A1 ; 2. than 11A2, 11A2z, 13A4z
kvadrat m; Gsg kvadrata [geometric] square; na kvadrat squared (mathematics)
Different forms. Words which are marked as either ekavian or ijekavian usage are denoted as such by the
symbols [E] and [J], respectively. The notations [B], [C] and [S] denote Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian
usage, respectively. Words used in two of the three are noted [B,C] or [B,S] as appropriate. Words with no
marking are used throughout BCS. The notation [B,C,S] after a word means both that it is used throughout
BCS, and that there exists a distinctly separate word with the same meaning which is used only in one (or
two) of the others; to learn the identity of this other word one must consult the English-based glossary. The
word only after a notation containing certain of the letters (e.g. [B,S only]) means that this meaning of
the word is restricted while other meanings of it are not so restricted: for example the word rav means
rusty throughout BCS, but bad only in S.
385
Glossaries
Examples: kancelarija f [B,C,S] office 6A1
lo, loa; loi adj. [B,C,S] bad 4 2A2, . 2A2 .; 3A1z, 11A1z
posledica f [E] consequence 18A3
posljedica f [J] consequence 18A3
rav adj. 1. bad [S only] 2A2, . 2A2 . ; 2. rusty
ured m [C] office 6A1
Grammatical information.
Verbs are listed by the infinitive form. If the present tense is not fully predictable from the infini-
tive, the 1st singular present is also given (the 3rd singular is given for verbs which are used only in 3rd
person). The 3rd plural present is given when it is not directly predictable from the 1st singular, as are past
tense forms which are not directly predictable from the infinitive. Aspect is noted for each verb, by the
symbols (I) and (P), and members of an aspectual pair are separated by a semi-colon. Biaspectual verbs are
noted (I/P). In each instance of an aspectual pair, the most basic form is listed first followed by the one
which is derived from it. When prefixation produces a verb with different meaning, it is listed separately
and cross-referenced to the verb from which it is derived. Verbs used both with and without se are given
within the same entry if the meaning difference is essentially one of active vs. passive or transitive vs. in-
transitive. Otherwise, the two are given as separate entries.
Examples: crtati (I); nacrtati (P) to draw, to sketch 18A1b, 10A4z
dogaati se see under dogoditi se
dogoditi se, dogodi se (P) 12A4, 9A2z; dogaati se, dogaa se, dogaaju se (I)
[B,C,S] 20.VI (3rd person only) to happen
dovesti, dovedem; doveo, dovela (P) 20.III; dovoditi, dov odim (I) to bring, to lead to,
to conduct see voditi
gubiti (I); izgubiti, izgubim (P) to lose 9A3; izgubiti glavu to panic, to lose ones
composure 10A2
grupirati, grupiram, grupiraju (I/P) [B,C] to group 18A2
igrati, igram (I) 1. to play [a game] 5C1 , 5A2z, 10A1z; 2. to dance [B,S only]
15A1; igrati se, igram se, ig raju se (I) to play 16A1b see also od igrati
nauiti, nauim (P) to learn 10A2, 9A2z, 10A2z, see also uiti
pretvoriti (P); pretvarati, pretvaram, pretvaraju (I) to transform 14A2
pretvoriti se (P): pretvarati se, pretvaram se, pretvaraju se (I) to pretend 15A1
uiti (I) to study 2A1, 2A1z, 9A1z, 9A4z, 10A2z, 10A4z see also nauiti
Nouns are listed by the nominative singular form, with gender marked as m, f, or n. Genitive sin-
gular forms are given for all feminine nouns in a consonant, and for all other nouns whose non-nominative
forms are not directly predictable from the nominative singular. Instrumental singular is given for feminine
nouns in a consonant, and nominative plural for masculine and neuter nouns which add an extra syllable in
the plural or which have irregular plurals. Genitive plural is given whenever the ending is not completely
predictable. Dative-Locative singular forms are given for feminine nouns ending in -ka, -ga, or -ha. The
notation (m., general) and (f.) after names of professions and nationalities means that the first refers both to
the category in general and to any one male representative of that category, while the second refers only to
a female representative of that category.
Examples: Bosanac m; Gsg Bosanca Bosnian (m., general) 1A4, . 1A4 .
Bosanka f; DLsg Bosanki Gpl Bosanki Bosnian (f.) 1A4, 6A2z, . 1A4 .
doruak m; Gsg doruka breakfast 7A1
dojam m; Gsg dojma Npl doj movi [B,C] impression 16A3
epoha f; DLsg epohi or eposi age, epoch 6A2 , 6A2z
ime n; Gsg imena Npl imena Gpl imena name 4 1A2 , 3A2z
misao f; Gsg misli Isg milju or misli thought 4 18A2
mladost f; Gsg mladosti Isg -ou or -osti youth
Adjectives are noted adj., and listed in the masculine singular short form. If there are any changes
between this and other forms, the feminine singular short form is also listed. The masculine singular long
386
Glossaries
form is listed only in case of accent change. If only the long form is listed, it means the adjective occurs
only in that form. Words with the meaning of a noun but the form of an adjective are noted (adj.form).
Comparative forms are provided if they are not readily predictable (see 11A1z).
Examples: bolji adj. better 11A2, 11A1z see dobar
ceo, cela; celi adj. [E] whole 7A4; ceo dan all day 7A4
cijel (also cio), cijela; cijeli adj. [J] whole 7A4; cijeli dan all day 7A4
dosadan, dosadna adj. 1. boring, dull; 2. annoying 5A1 , 6A3z
Engleska f (adj. form) England 4A1
engleski adj. English 4A1
visok, visoka; visoki adj. tall, high 2A2, 3A1 z, 11A1z, 11A2z
vii adj. 1. taller; 2. higher 11A1z
Pronouns are noted pron. Both full and clitic forms of personal pronouns are given; only the
clitics are identified as such. Pronominal adjectives (possessives, demonstratives and the like) are noted
pron. adj. and are given in masculine, neuter and feminine forms. See Appendix 4 for full declensions of
most of these words.
Examples: ga pron. (clitic) 1. him; 2. it (Acc-Gen) 2A1 see under on
na, nae, naa poss. pron. our, ours 1A2
neki, neko, nek pron. adj. some, any, a certain 4 3A3; nekih pedesetak fifty-
some, fifty-odd, roughly fifty 13A3; u neku ruku in a sense, in a way 7A2
njega pron. 1. him; 2. it (Acc-Gen) 2A2 see under on, ono
Numbers are noted num only if they do not function as another part of speech. In the latter case
they are noted according to the part of speech which determines their form.
Examples: etiri num. four (4) 5A2 , 12A1z, 12A2z
etrdeset num. forty (40) 5A1 , 5A1z
etvero n. [C] four [mixed gender] B.VI, 12A2z
etvorica f four [men] 12A2z
etvoro n. [B,S] four [mixed gender] B.VI, 12A2z
etvrti adj. fourth (4th) 4A1, 6A2z, 12A3z
Adverbs are noted adv., conjunctions are noted conj., exclamations are noted excl., and words
which resist classification are not noted as to part of speech.
Examples: ali conj. but 1A4
alo excl. hello [telephone greeting] A .VII
esto adv. often, frequently 7A1, 10A2z
da yes 1A2
Accentuation.
Accent is marked as in the body of the book: the underscore denotes a long vowel and the grave
mark denotes a rising accent. Words with no accent mark on them have a falling accent on the first syllable.
The assignment of accentual information to each individual word (whether vowels are long or short, and
whether accented vowels are rising or falling) been made on the basis of the following reference works:
Hrvatski jeziki savjetnik (ed. Lana Hudeek, Milica Mihaljevi, Luka Vukojevi; Zagreb, 1999)
Renik srpskohrvatskog knjievnog jezika, vols. 1-6 (produced by Matica srpska, 1967-1976)
Serbocroatian-English Dictionary (by Morton Benson with the collaboration of Biljana ljivi-imi;
Belgrade and Philadelphia, 1971)
Veliki rjenik hrvatskoga jezika (by Vladimir Ani; Zagreb, 2003).
387
Glossaries
How to use the English glossary
The English glossary includes grammatical information about English only; its primary purpose is
to help the student find his or her way into the BCS glossary, where fuller grammatical information can be
found about all BCS words. The English glossary also allows students to see under a single entry all the
forms which may differ as to the markings noted [B], [C], [S], [B/S] [J], [E] or [J].
Synonyms are separated by commas. If a BCS aspectual pair is given, the notations (I) and (P)
identify imperfective and perfective forms, respectively; the two members of an aspect pair are separated
by a semi-colon. The several different meanings of words referring to profession and nationality names
(general, specific male, specific female) are included within a single entry.
Those who need more information than these glossaries can provide should consult one or more of
the following:
Serbocroatian-English Dictionary (by Morton Benson with the collaboration of Biljana ljivi-imi;
Belgrade and Philadelphia, 1971)
English-Serbocroatian Dictionary (by Morton Benson; Belgrade and Philadelphia, 1971)
Veliki hrvatsko-engleski rjenik (by eljko Bujas; Zagreb, 1999)
Veliki englesko-hrvatski rjenik (by eljko Bujas; Zagreb, 1999)
For more information on dictionaries and grammar books, see www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org.
388
Glossaries
Abbreviations and symbols used in the glossaries
ABBREVIATIONS [J] ijekavian word or words
[J] [B/S] ijekavian words specific to
abbr. abbreviation Bosnian and Serbian
Acc accusative case ijekavian usage
adj. adjective Loc locative case
adj. form noun meaning; adjective form m masculine
adv. adverb (m.) refers to male person only
Asg accusative singular (m., general) refers either to male person
[B] Bosnian usage or to general category
[B,C] Bosnian and Croatian usage n neuter
[B,C,S] usage in Bosnian, Croatian and n. noun [English glossary only]
Serbian Npl nominative plural
[B,S] Bosnian and Serbian usage Nsg nominative singular
[C] Croatian usage num. number (word class)
coll. collective (P) perfective aspect
colloq. colloquial part. particle
comp. comparative pl plural
conj. conjunction (pl form) word exists only in plural form
Dat-Loc dative-locative case prep. preposition
Dat dative case pron. pronoun
DLsg dative-locative singular pron.adj. pronominal adjective
DLIpl dative-locative-instrumental quest. question word
plural [S] Serbian usage
[E] ekavian word or words sg singular
e.g. for example vb. verb [English glossary only]
excl. exclamation Voc vocative case
f feminine vulg. vulgar
(f.) refers to female person only 3rd sg third person singular form
(f sg form) word takes endings of a
feminine singular noun SYMBOLS
Gen genitive case
Gpl genitive plural z grammar section
geography section
Gsg genitive singular . box . information box
(I) imperfective aspect aphorisms by D. Radovi
indecl. indeclinable A story by D. Albahari
Instr instrumental case B story by M. Bazdulj
(I/P) one form for both imperfective appendix
and perfective aspect
Isg instrumental singular
389
Glossaries
BCS-English Glossary 13B3
anketa f survey, questionaire 16A1a
anonimnost f; Gsg anonimnosti Isg -ou or
A -osti anonymity 13
a conj. and, but 1A1 aorist m aorist [verbal tense] 17C1
a! excl. aha! 2A2 aplaudirati, aplaudiram, aplaudiraju (I)
abeceda f [B,C,S] [Latin] alphabet 5A2z to applaud
abecedni adj. [B,C,S] alphabetical 2A4 aplauz m applause B .VIII
administracija f [B,S] administration 16A1a apotekar m pharmacist (m., general) 11A3,
adresa f address 16A2a 11A2z
advokat m; Gsg advokata [B,S] lawyer 5A3, apotekarica f [B,C] pharmacist (f.) 11A3,
11A2z
11A2z
aerodrom m [B,C,S] airport B .III apotekarka f; DLsg apotekarki Gpl apotekarki
aforizam m; Gsg aforizma aphorism 7 [B,S] pharmacist (f.) 11A3, 11A2z
afriki adj. African april m; Gsg aprila [B,S] April 6A2 , . 6A2 .
Afrika f; DLsg Africi Africa apsolvent m; Gsg apsolventa Gpl apsolvenata
ajvar m eggplant and/or red pepper relish university student having completed
akcenat m; Gsg akcenta Gpl akcenata [B,S] coursework but not yet passed all exams
accent B .III required for graduation 6A2
akcent m; Gpl akcenata [C] accent B.III apsolventski adj. pertaining to final exam year
akcioni adj. action 7A3; akcioni film action at university
movie apstraktan, apstraktna adj. abstract 19A1b
ako conj. if 5A2, 13A4z; ako nemate nita Arapin m; Npl Arapi Arab (m., general)
protiv if you have no objections 13A4 Arapkinja f Arab (f.)
akuzativ m accusative [case] arheolog m; Npl arheolozi archaeologist
Albanac m; Gsg Albanca Albanian (m., gene- arhitekt m; Gpl arhit ekata [B,C] architect
ral) 11A3, 11A2z
Albanija f Albania 1 arhitekta m; Npl arhitekte Gpl arhitekata
Albanka f; DLsg Albanki Gpl Albanki [B,S] architect 11A3, 11A2z
Albanian (f.) arhitektura f architecture 13B3
alergian, alergina adj. allergic 3A3 atentat m; Gsg atentata assassination 12A4;
ali conj. but 1A4 izvriti atentat na + Acc to assassinate
alo excl. hello [as telephone greeting] A .VII atmosfera f atmosphere 11A2
aluminijski adj. aluminum 19A3b atraktivan, atraktivna adj. attractive 16A3b
ama conj. but; ama ba nita not a single Australac m; Gsg Australca Gpl Australaca
thing 15A2 [C] Australian (m., general) 1A4
ambasada f embassy Australijanac m; Gsg Australijanca [B,S]
ameriki adj. American 2A4 Australian (m., general) 1A4
Amerika f; DLsg Americi America 16A1b, Australijanka f; DLsg Australijanki Gpl
6A2z Australijanki [B,S] Australian (f.) 1A4
Amerikanac m; Gsg Amerikanca American Australka f; DLsg Australki Gpl Australki [C]
(m., general) 1A4 Australian (f.) 1A4
Amerikanka f; DLsg Amerikanki Gpl Austrija f Austria 1
Amerikanki American (f.) 1A4 Austrijanac m; Gsg Austrijanca Austrian (m.,
amida m; Npl amide [B] [paternal] uncle general)
5A3, 5A3z Austrijanka f; DLsg Austrijanki Gpl
amidinica f [B] aunt [ = paternal uncles Austrijanki Austrian (f.)
wife] 5A3 austrijski adj. Austrian 9A1
angairati, angairam, angairaju (I/P) [B,C] Austro-Ugarska f (adj.form) Austria-Hungary
to involve [someone]; angairati se, anga- 18A3
iram se, angairaju se (I/P) [B,C] to get austrougarski adj. Austro-Hungarian 18A3
involved 16A3b auto m; Npl auti [B,C] automobili [S] car
angaovati, angaujem (I/P) [B,S] to involve 1A2
[someone]; angaovati se, angaujem se autobus m bus 7A2
(I/P) [B,S] to get involved 16A3b autobuski adj. [B,S] bus . 9A3 ., 13A4
anglistika f; DLsg anglistici English studies autobuska stanica bus station
391
BCS-English Glossary
autobusni adj. [B,C] bus . 9A3 ., 13A4 Beograd m Belgrade see map
autobusna stanica bus station Beograanin m; Npl Beograani resident of
autobusni kolodvor bus station, bus Belgrade (m., general) 16A3a
terminal Beograanka f; DLsg Beograanki Gpl
autor m author (m., general) Beograanki resident of Belgrade (f.)
autorica f [B,C] author (f.) 19A2b beogradski adj. Belgrade 6A2
autorka m [S] DLsg autorki Gpl autorki berberin m; Npl berberi [S] barber 11A4z
author (f.) 19A2b bes m; Npl besovi [E] fury, rage
avgust m [B,S] August 6A2 besediti (I) [E] (archaic) to talk 19A3a
avion m; Gsg aviona [B,C,S] airplane 7A2 besjediti (I) [J] (archaic) to talk 19A3a
avionski adj. air, airmail; avionsko pismo besplatan, besplatna adj. free [of charge]
airmail letter 2A4 16A2b
azbuni adj. alphabetical [Cyrillic] 2A4 bespomoan, bespomona adj. helpless 14A2
azbuka f; DLsg azbuci [Cyrillic] alphabet bespotedan, bespotedna adj. unrelenting
5A4z 18A3
Azija f Asia besvestan, besvesna adj. [E] unconscious
azijski adj. Asian 14A3
besvjestan, besvjesna adj. [J] unconscious
B 14A3
baba f [B,S] grandmother 9A4, 5A3z bez prep. + Gen without 5 4A3
baciti, bacim (P); bacati (I) to throw 16A1a bez obzira na + Acc regardless of 9A4
Bka f (adj.form) region of western Vojvodina bezdan m; Gsg bezdna Isg bezdanom abyss,
badem m almond deep, depth 17C1
bajka f; DLsg bajci Gpl bajka or bajki fairy bezuslovan, bezuslovna adj. [B,S]
tale B.VIII unconditional
baka f; DLsg baki [B,C,S] grandmother 9A4, bezuvjetan, bezuvjetna adj. [B,C]
5A3z unconditional
Balkan m; Gsg Balkana the Balkans beati see under pobei
balkanski adj. Balkan 8A3 bi [conditional] auxiliary [you sg, he, she]
Banat m; Gsg Banata region of eastern Vojvo- would 13A1z
dina biber m [B,S] pepper [ = spice]
banka f; DLsg banci Gpl banaka bank 5A2 biblioteka f; DLsg biblioteci [B,S] library
Banja Luka, Banjaluka f; DLsg Banjaluci 7A4
Banja Luka . 4 . bicikl m; Gpl bicikla or bicikala bicycle 7A2 ,
bara f marshland 16A3b 7A2z
barem adv. at least 16A1a bih [conditional] auxiliary 1. [I] would; 2. yes
ba adv. precisely 9A3; ama ba nita not a please 13B2z
single thing 15A2; ba mi je drago! I am bih, bi, bi, bismo, biste bi [conditional]
truly delighted! 6A3 ; ba sam zaboravna! auxiliaries 13A2z, 13A3z
I really am forgetful! A .V bijedan, bijedna adj. [J] poor
bata f [B,S] garden 16A3b bijeg m; Nsg bijezi or bjegovi [J] flight, escape
batina f legacy, heritage 16A2b 20.VII
baviti se (I) + Instr to do, to occupy oneself bijel, bijela; bijeli adj. [J] white 2A3; bijeli
with 11A3, 9A2z dan broad daylight 19A3a; bijeli luk [J]
bazen m; Gsg bazena swimming pool [B/S] garlic
Be m; Gsg Bea Vienna 4A1 bijes m; Npl bjesovi [J] fury, rage
bedan, bedna adj. [E] poor bila jednom (f sg), bilo jednom (n sg), bio jed-
bedem m rampart 19A3a nom (m sg) once upon a time there was
beg m; Npl bezi, begovi [E] flight, escape 10A3, . 10A3 .
20.VII bili jednom (m pl) once upon a time there were
begunac m; Gsg begunca [E] fugitive 18A3 10A3, . 10A3 .
belenica f [S] notebook 1A2 bilo ko pron [B,S] whoever, anyone at all
benzin m; Gsg benzina gasoline, petrol 5A2 .18A3 .
beo, bela; beli adj. [E] white 2A3, 2A3 z; bilo ta pron [B,S] whatever, anything at all ,
beli dan broad daylight 19A3a; beli luk . 18A3 .
garlic bilo to pron [C] whatever, anything at all
392
.18A3 . blizu prep. + Gen near, close to 5 4A4
bilo tko pron [C] whoever, anyone at all blizu adv. close, nearby 4B4
.18A3 . blie adv. closer see blizak, blisko
biljenica f [B,C] notebook 1A2 blii adj. closer see blizak
biljka f; DLsg biljci Gpl biljaka or biljki bliiti, bliim (I) to approach, to come near
plant 17A2a B.IV see also pribliiti
biolog m; Npl biolozi biologist 11A2z bluza f blouse A .VIII
biologija f biology 13B3 bljei adj. [J] paler see blijed
bioskop m [S] movie theater, cinema 5A2, boca f bottle
5A4z, 6A1z boemski adj. bohemian 18A3
birati, biram, biraju (I) to select A.VIII Bog, bog m; Gsg Boga, boga Npl bogovi, bozi
see sabirati God, god 17A3a
bismo [conditional] auxiliary [we] would bogat adj. rich, wealthy 16A2b
13A1z bogoslovija f theology 13B3
biste [conditional] auxiliary [you pl] would bogzna (with ne) not ... anything; nij e bogna
13A1z ta its not anything much 19A1 ; ne iz-
bitan, bitna adj. essential B.VIII gleda bogzna kako it doesnt look like much
biti (I/P) to be 6 of anything 9
clitic sam, si, je, smo, ste, su (I) 1A1, 1A1z, boja f 1. color 2A3 ; 2. paint
6A4z, 10A1z, 12A1z, 12A4z; full bojati se, boj im se (I) + Gen to fear 7A2,
jesam, jesi, jest [B,C] jeste [B,S], jesmo, 5A2z, 9A2z, . 10A3 .
jeste, jesu (I) 1A4, 1A4z; bok excl. [C] 1. hello; 2. goodbye 1A1 ,
negated nisam, nisi, nije, nismo, niste, nisu (I) . 1A1 .
1A4, 1A4z; bol f; Gsg boli Isg boli or bolju pain,
negated (Montenegrin) nijesam, nijesi, nije, [physical] ache 20.IV
nijesmo, nijeste, nijesu . 19A3b .; bol m; Gsg bola Npl bolovi pain, anguish
perf. pres. budem, bude, bude, budemo, bolan, bolna adj. painful . 9A3 .
budete, budu (P) 5A3 , 5A3z, 12A1z; bolesniki adj. patient-related 20.II
past tense bio, bilo, bila, bili, bila, bile bolestan, bolesna adj. sick, ill 10A4
6A2z, 6A3z; boleti, boli (I) [E] (3rd person only) to hurt, to
aorist bih, bi, bi, bismo, biste, bie 12A4z, ache 10A4, 10A4z see also oboleti (P)
. 17A2a .; bolnica f hospital 14A3
imperfect bejah, bejae bejae, bejasmo; bolniar m nurse (m., general) 11A2z
bejaste, bejahu [E] 12A4z, . 17A2a .; bolniarka f; DLsg bolniarki Gpl bolniarki
bijah, bijae, bijae, bijasmo, bijaste, nurse (f.) 11A2z
bijahu [J] 12A4z, . 17A2a . bolniki adj. hospital 14A3
bivati, bivam, bivaju (I) to be, to become, to bolje adv. better 6A3, 6A3z, 11A2z see
occur 18A1a dobro
bivi adj. former 12A2z boljeti, boli; bolio, boljela (I) [J] (3rd person
bjegunac m; Gsg bjegunca [J] fugitive 18A3 only) to hurt, to ache 10A4 see also
bjeati see under pobjei oboljeti
blag, blaga; blagi adj. gentle, mild B.IV ; bolji adj. better 11A2, 11A1z see dobar
blago [vama] lucky [you] bombon m; Gsg bombona [B,C] piece of can-
blagajna f; Gpl blagajni [B,C] cash register dy 12A2
2A4 bombona f [B,S] piece of candy 12A2
blago n treasure 19A3b bono adv. painfully [poetic contraction of
blagostanje n prosperity bolno] 17A3a
blagovaonica f [C] dining room 16A1b bor Gsg bora Npl borovi 1. pine tree;
blai adj. gentler, milder see blag 2. Christmas tree
bled, bleda; bledi adj. [E] pale boravak m; Gsg boravka Npl boravci stay
blei adj. [E] paler see bled 9A1
blesav adj. silly, idiotic, foolish B.VI boravite n dwelling place 17A2a
blijed, blijeda; blijedi adj. [J] pale boraviti (I) to stay, to dwell 16A2a
blizak, bliska; bliski adj. close, near, intimate borba f; Gpl borba or borbi struggle, fight,
18A3 battle 4
blizina f nearness, proximity 20 .III Bosanac m; Gsg Bosanca Bosnian (m., gener-
393
al) 1A4, . 1A4 . buket m; Gsg buketa bouquet A .IV
Bosanka f; DLsg Bosanki Gpl Bosanki buktinja f torch A.III
Bosnian (f.) 1A4, 6A2z, . 1A4 .
bosanski adj. Bosnian 2 C
Bosna i Hercegovina f Bosnia and Herzegovi- car m; Isg carem Npl carevi emperor 19A2b
na or Bosnia-Herzegovina see map 1 celina f [E] [the] whole 19A1b
Bonjak m; Gsg Bonjaka Npl Bonjaci celokupan, celokupna adj. [E] entire 20.V
celovit adj. [E] complete, integral 19A1b
Bosniak (m., general) . 1A4 .
cena f [E] price, cost 16A2b
Bonjakinja f Bosniak (f.) . 1A4 .
centar m; Gsg centra center 10A1
boji adj. divine 17C1
ceo, cela; celi adj. [E] whole 7A4; ceo dan
br. abbr. no., number 12A2
all day 7A4
braco m; Npl brace colloq. brother . B .VII . cesta f [B,C] road 14A2
braa Npl (sg form) brothers 8A2, 8A2z see ciao [C] adv. 1. hello; 2. goodbye 1A1,
brat . 1A1 .
braniti, branim (I) to defend
cigareta f cigarette 20.V
brat m 1. brother [B,C,S] 2A3, 6A4z;
cijel (also cio), cijela; cijeli adj. [J] whole
2. cousin [B,S] for pl. see braa
7A4; cijeli dan all day 7A4
brati, berem (I) to pick, to pluck 6
cijena f [J] price, cost 16A2b
A.I, 10A1z see sabrati
ciklus m cycle 19A1b
brati m cousin [C]
cimer m roommate (m., general) 12A1
brdo n hill
cimerica f [B,C] roommate (f.) 12A1
brdovit adj. hilly
cimerka f; DLsg cimerki Gpl cimerki [B,S]
briga f; DLsg brizi worry, concern 7A1;
roommate (f.) 12A1
budi bez brige dont worry 7A1
cimet m cinnamon 20 .III
brija m; Gsg brijaa [B,C] barber 11A3
cio (also cijel), cijela; cijeli adj. [J] whole 7A4
brijati se, brijem se (I) to shave 9A2, 9A2 z
cipela f shoe 1A2
brinuti, brinem (I) to worry 13A3 see zabri-
cjelina f [J] [the] whole 19A1b
nuti
cjelokupan, cjelokupna adj. [J] entire 20.V
brisati, briem (I); izbrisati, izbriem (P)
cjelov it adj. [J] complete, integral 19A1b
1. to wipe; 2. to remove; 3. to erase 10A3
crkva f; Gpl crkava or crkvi church
brod, Gsg broda Npl brodovi boat, ship 7A2
crn, crna; crni adj. black 2A3 , . 14A3 .
broj m; Gsg broja Npl brojevi 1. number
Crna Gora f Montenegro 1
3A1, 3A1z, 3A2z; 2. issue [of a
crneti, crnim (I) [E] to blacken
publication]
crneti se, crnim se (I) [E] to look black or to
brojan, brojna adj. numerous 17A4
become black 18A1a
brz, brza; brzi adj. quick, fast 2A2, 2A3z,
11A2z
Crnogorac m; Gsg Crnogorca Montenegrin
brzina f speed, velocity 15A1 (m., general) 1A4
bri adj. faster 11A2z see brz Crnogorka f; DLsg Crnogorki Gpl Crnogorki
bubreg m; Npl bubrezi kidney 3A3, 3A3z Montenegrin (f.) 1A4
budala f fool crnogorski adj. Montenegrin 2
budem see under biti Crnogorsko primorje Montenegrin coast
budilica f [B,C] alarm clock A.V crnjeti, crnim; crnio, crnjela (I) [J] to blacken
budilnik m; Npl budilnici [B,S] alarm clock crnjeti se, crnim se; crnio se, crnjela se (I) [J]
A.V to look black or to become black 18A1a
buditi, budim (I); probuditi, probudim (P) to crta f; Gpl crti 1. line; 2. feature, trait 10A3
wake [someone] up 9A2 ; buditi se, budim se crtani adj. 1. drawn; 2. animated [film] 7A3
(I); probuditi se, probudim se (P) to wake up crtanje n drawing, sketch 10A3, 10A4z
9A2z see also razbud iti crtati (I); nacrtati (P) to draw, to sketch
budui adj. future; budue vreme [E] budu- 18A1b, 10A4z
e vrijeme [J] future tense 15A2 crven, crvena; crveni adj. red 2A3 , 2A3z,
4A4z
budui da conj. since 12A1, 12A1z
crvenda m robin
budunost f; Gsg budunosti Isg -ou or -osti
cura f girl B .V
future 7A2
cvee n; coll. [E] flowers 12A2, 12A2z for
Bugarska f (adj. form) Bulgaria 1
sg see cvet
buka f; DLsg buci noise 20.I
394
cvet m; Npl cvetovi flower 12A2z see also etvorica f four [men] 12A2z
cvee etvoro n [B,S] four [mixed gender] B .VI,
cvijee n; coll. [J] flowers 12A2, 12A2z for 12A2z
sg see cvijet etvorougao m; Gsg etvorougla [B,S]
cvijet m; Npl cvjetovi [J] flower 12A2z see quadrangle, rectangle
also cvijee etvrtak m; Gsg etvrtka Thursday 2A1 ;
cvrkutati, cvrkuem (I) to chirp 16A1b etvrtkom on Thursdays 7A2z
etvrti adj. fourth (4th) 4A1, 6A2z, 12A3z
etvrt f; Gsg etvrti Isg etvrti 1. quarter [of
a pron. (akavian dialect) what an hour] [C] 14A2, 12A1z; 2. quarter [of a
aj m; Isg ajem Npl ajevi tea 4A3 city]; 3. quarter [of a loaf of bread]
ak adv. even, as far as 4A2 etvrtina f one fourth, a quarter (in mathema-
arapa f stocking, sock tics) 12A1z
arobnjak m; Gsg arobnjaka Npl arobnjaci ij i, ij e, ija pron. adj. whose 3A3, 3A3z
magician, wizard 13A3 im conj. as soon as 13A2
araf m [B] sheet (bedding) 12A1 im prije adv. as soon as possible [B,C] 13A2
arav m [S] sheet (bedding) 12A1 im, ime pron. what (Instr) 7A1z, 11A3z
as m; Npl asovi 1. class, lesson [B,S only]; see under ta or to
2. hour, o' clock (24-hour clock, [S only]); in m; Npl inovi act B.I
dvadeset asova 8 p.m. 14A3; 3. moment; initi, inim (I); uiniti, uinim (P) to make, to
istog asa that very moment 14A1 ; u do 19A3a
zadnji as at the last moment 16A1a; as initi se, ini se (I) 6A4 ; uiniti se, uini se
... as now now 14A2; 14A1 (P) (3rd person only) 16A2a to seem, to
asopis m magazine 2A4 appear 10A2z, 11A3z; ini mi se it
astiti (I/P) to treat, to pay for 15A1 seems to me, I think 6A4
aa f glass, cup 4A3 inovnica f clerk (f.) 11A2z
aiica f small glass, small cup B .VIII inovnik m; Npl inovnici clerk (m., general)
eh m; Npl esi Czech (m., general) 11A2z
ehinja f Czech (f.) injenica f fact
ega pron. what (Gen) 4A4, 4A2z, 7A1z ist adj. clean, pure 9A2
see under ta or to istiti (I); poistiti (P) to clean 15A1
ekanje n waiting 11A2 isto adv. purely, simply
ekati (I) to wait 5A2 , 5A3z, 14A1z; jedva italac m; Gsg itaoca Gpl italaca [B,C,S]
ekam I can hardly wait A.V see also reader [ = person who reads]
doekati itanje n reading B.III, 11A4z
elo n forehead 18A2a itaonica f reading room 16A2a
emu pron. what (Dat-Loc) 7A1z; je li itatelj m [C] reader [ = person who reads] (m.,
emu is it worth anything? 14 see under general)
ta or to itateljica f [C] reader [ = person who reads]
est adj. often 11A2z (f.)
estitati, estitam, estitaju (I) + Dat to con- itati (I) 2A1 , 6A2z; proitati (P) 10A2,
gratulate 12A3 10A4z to read
esto adv. often, frequently 7A1, 10A2z izma f; Gpl izama boot
ee adv. more often 11A2z see esto lan m; Npl lanovi member
ei adj. more often 11A2z see est lanak m; Gsg lanka article 18A3; novinski
eljati (I); poeljati (P) to brush, comb 9A2 , lanak newspaper article 18A3
9A2z okolada f chocolate
enjak m; Npl enjaci [C] garlic ovek m [E] 1. man; 2. person 1A4, 3A1z
etiri num. four (4) 5A2, 12A1z, 12A2z for pl see ljudi
etrdeset num. forty (40) 5A1 , 5A1z ovjek m [J] 1. man; 2. person 1A4, 3A1z
etiristo num. four hundred (400) 12A1z for pl see ljudi
etrnaest num. fourteen (14) 5A1, 5A1z udan, udna adj. strange, surprising, odd
etrnaesti adj. fourteenth (14th) 14A1 uditi se (I) + Dat to be amazed (at) 16A1b
etvero n [C] four [mixed gender] B .VI, udo n; Npl uda, udesa miracle, wonder
12A2z 16A1a; divna li uda what a miracle!
etverokut m [C] quadrangle, rectangle 16A1a; gle uda well what dya know!
395
B.IV 18A3; danima for days; beli dan [E]
uenje n surprise, amazement 20.II bijeli dan [J] broad daylight 19A3a;
ujan, ujna adj. audible B.VII narednog dana [S only] idueg dana
uti, ujem (I/P) to hear 5C1 , 7A3z; uti [B,C,S] sledeeg dana [E] sljedeeg dana [J]
se, ujem se (I/P) to talk to one another, to on the next day
be in contact [as in ujemo se we're in danas adv. today 3A1 , 10A2z; dan danas
touch] 8A3, 8A3z see zauti se (to) this very day 18A3
uvar m; Gsg uvara guard, watchman 20.VII dananji adj. today, todays 17A2b
uvati, uvam, uvaju (I) to keep, to guard dar m; Npl darovi gift B.III
10A4; ouvati, ouvam, ouvaju (P) to pre- darovati, darujem (I) to give a gift 20.VIII
serve 19A3b; uvati se, uvam se, uvaju daska f; DLsg dasci Gpl dasaka board
se (I) to watch out, to be careful 10A4 A.VIII; daska za peglanje [B,C,S] daska
uven, uvena; uveni adj. famous, renowned za glaanje [C] ironing board A.VIII
15A1 dati, dam (P) 5A2; davati, dajem (I) 6
vrst adj. firm, sturdy 14A1 3A1z, 10A2z, 12A4z to give; ne da [mi]
vri adj. firmer, sturdier see vrst se [B,C] [I] am not in the mood 9A3,
7A3z; ma, daj! come on, youve got to be
kidding 7A3 see also dodati, izdati,
ao excl. [S] 1. hello; 2. goodbye 1A1, . 1A1 . predati, prodati, udati se
askati (I) to chat B .V dativ m dative [case]
ebe n; Gsg ebeta [S] blanket 12A1 datum m date 20.VIII
erati (I); poerati (P) to drive away, davati see under dati
to chase (Montenegrin) . 19A3b . davni adj. distant [in time] 17A2b
see tjerati debeo, debela; debeli adj. fat 3A3, 2A3z,
erka, DLsg erki Gpl erki [S] daughter 8A1 6A2z, 11A2z
see kerka deblji adj. fatter, thicker see debeo
evapii m (pl form) grilled minced meat 10A1 deca pl (f sg form) [E] children 8A2, 8A2z,
irilica f Cyrillic alphabet 9A2z for sg see dete
u, e, e, emo, ete, e 9A1z . 9B1 . see decembar m; Gsg decembra [B,S] December
under hteti [E] htjeti [J] 6A2, . 6A2 .
uprija f [B,S] bridge deak m; Gsg deaka Npl deaci [E] boy,
utati, ut im (I) [B,S] to be silent 17A3a young man 17A1a
deko m; Npl deki boy B.V
D ded m; Npl dedovi [E] grandfather 9A4
da yes 1A2 deda m; Npl dede grandpa 8
da conj. in order to, that, let 2A1, 2A1z, deka f; DLsg deki [B,C] blanket 12A1
11A4z, 13A2z, 13A3z deliti, delim (I); podeliti, podelim (P) [E]
da li [B,S] (opening phrase for question) 1A2, 1. to share; 2. to divide, to separate 9A3
1A2z
delo n [E] work, act
dah m; Npl dahovi breath 20.VIII
delovati, delujem (I) [E] to act, to take action
daida m; Npl daide [B] maternal uncle
20.VIII
5A3, 5A3z
demokratski adj. democratic . 14B2 .
daidinica f [B] aunt [ = maternal uncles
deo m; Gsg dela Npl delovi [E] part, portion
wife] 5A3
4
dakle adv. consequently, therefore 4A2 deset num. ten (10) 5A4, 5A1z, 12A3z
daleko adv. far 4A4, 4A4z desetak num. ten or so, about ten 12A1z
Dalmacija f the Croatian coast from Zadar to desetero n [C] ten (group of mixed gender)
the border with Montenegro 6 deseti adj. tenth (10th) 10A1, 6A2z
Dalmatinska zagora f mountainous region desetorica f ten [men]
inland from the Dalmatian coast 6 desetoro n [B,S] ten (group of mixed gender)
dalmat inski adj. Dalmatian 8A3 desiti se (P) B .VIII; deavati se, deava se,
dalje adv. further 7; i tako dalje (abbr. deavaju se (I) [B,S] (3rd sg only) 17A2b
itd.) and so forth 16A1a see daleko to happen
daljina f distance 15A1 desni adj. right (as opposed to left) 13A4
dan m; Gsg dana Npl dani Gpl dana day 4 deavati se see under desiti se
1A3, 3A2z; dan danas (to) this very day
dete n; Gsg deteta [E] child 8A2, 8A2z
396
for pl see deca dno n; Gsg dna bottom 14A1
devedeset num. ninety (90) 5A1, 5A1z do prep. + Gen to, next to, by, up to 5
devet num. nine (9) 5A2, 5A1z, 12A1z 4A4, 4A4z
devetero n [C] nine (group of mixed gender) doba n; indecl. time, season, times 17A3b
deveti adj. ninth (9th) 9A1 , 6A2z, 12A3z dobar, dobra; dobri adj.
devetnaest num. nineteen (19) 5A1 , 5A1z 1. good; 2. fine 4 1A3, 5A1z, 6A1z,
devetnaesti adj. nineteenth (19th) 19A1 8A1z, 10A2z, 11A1z; dobro jutro
devetorica f nine [men] good morning 2A4; dobar dan hello
devetoro n [B,S] nine (group of mixed gender) 1A3, . 2A4 ., . 13A1 .; dobro vee [B,S]
devetsto num. nine hundred (900) 12A1z dobra veer [C] good evening . 3A2 .
devojka f; DLsg devojci Gpl devojaka [E] girl, see also bolji
young woman 4 4A1, 5A1z, 8A1z dobiti, dobijem (P) 11A2 ; dobivati, dobivam,
deuran, deurna adj. on duty 20.VII dobivaju (I) [B,C,S] dobijati, dobijam (I)
dii [dignuti], dignem (P); dizati, diem (I) to [B,S] to receive, to get, to obtain 12A1z
raise, to lift 14A1 dobro adv. well 2A3 see also dobar
digitalni adj. digital 19A3b dobro n; Gpl dobara 1. good, wellbeing;
dignuti see under dii 2. property
dijeliti, dijelim (I); podijeliti, podijelim (P) [J] dobro doao, dobro dola, dobro doli excl.
1. to share; 2. to divide, to separate 9A3 welcome! 13A1, 13A1z
dijeta f diet 20.VI dobrodoao, dobrodola adj. welcome
dijete n; Gsg djeteta [J] child 8A2, 8A2z 13A1z
for pl see djeca doarati, doaram, doaraju (P); doaravati,
dim m; Npl dimovi smoke 20.II doaravam, doaravaju (I) to conjure up
dinar m; Gpl dinara currency of Yugoslavia; 17A3b
hrvatski dinar transition currency in Croatia doekati (P) to greet, to welcome [someone
of early 90s . 12A2 . srpski dinar (abbr. arriving] 5A3, 5A3z see ekati
RSD) currency of Serbia doi, doem; doao, dola (P); dolaziti (I) to
dio m; Gsg dijela Npl djelovi [J] part, portion come, to arrive 6 5A2, 5A2z, 10A2z,
4 . B.VIII .; ne dolazi u obzir out of the
diplomirati, diplomiram, diplomiraju (I/P) to question 5A4 , 7A3z, 10A1z see ii
graduate (from an institution of higher dodatan, dodatna adj. additional 16A3b
learning) B .VI dodati (P) B.II; dodavati, dodajem (I)
direktor m [B,C,S] director (m., general) A.III to add see dati
11A2z dodavati see under dodati
direktorica f [B,C,S] director (f.) 11A2z dodirnuti, dodirnem (P); dodirivati, dodir-
disciplina f discipline B.III ujem (I) to touch 20.II
disk m; Npl diskovi disk 19A3b dodue adv. 1. truly, indeed; 2. although
diskretan, diskretna adj. discreet B.VI 11A2
diskusija f discussion 19A2b dogaaj m event 16A3b
divan, divna adj. marvelous, wonderful 3A2; dogaati se see under dogoditi se
divna li uda what a miracle! 16A1b dogodine adv. next year 16A2a
dizati see under dii dogoditi se, dogodi se (P) 12A4, 9A2z;
djeca pl (f sg form) [J] children 8A2, dogaati se, dogaa se, dogaaju se (I)
9A2z, . 6 . for sg see dijete [B,C,S] 20.VI (3rd person only) to happen
djeak m; Gsg djeaka Npl djeaci [J] boy, dogovor m agreement B.VII
young man 17A1a dogovoriti se, dogovorim se (P); dogovarati se,
djed m; Npl djedovi [J] grandfather 9A4 dogovaram se, dogovaraju se (I) to agree
djelo n [J] work, act upon (often used with oko + Gen) 11A2,
djelovati, djelujem (I) [J] to act, to take action 14A1z
20.VIII dohvatiti (P) to grab hold of 19A3a
djevojka f; DLsg djevojci Gpl djevojaka [J] doista adv. truly 16A2b
girl, young woman 4 4A1, 8A1 z, dojam m; Gsg dojma Npl doj movi [B,C]
. 6 ., . 19A3b . impression 16A3
dlan m; Npl dlanovi palm of the hand 19A1b dok conj. while 4; dok ne until 10A3,
dnevni adj. daily 12A1; dnevna soba living 6A2z
room 16A1a doktor m [B,C,S] doctor (m., general) 11A2z
397
doktorica f [B,C,S] doctor (f.) 11A2z dospjeti, dospijem; dospio, dospjela (P)
doktorka f; DLsg doktorki Gpl doktorki [S] 16A1a; dospijevati, dospijevam, dospij-
doctor (f.) 11A2z evaju (I) [J] 1. to arrive at; 2. to mature
dokumentarac m; Gsg dokumentarca docu- dosta adv. 1. enough, enough of; 2. rather
mentary film 7A3 10A4
dolazak m; Gsg dolaska arrival 14A4 dostojanstvo n dignity 20.I
dolaziti see under doi dovesti, dovedem; doveo, dovela (P) 20.III;
dole adv. [E] below, down dovoditi, dovodim (I) to bring, to lead to, to
doliti, dolijem (P) 14A1; dolivati, dolivam, conduct see voditi
dolivaju (I) [E] or dolijevati, dolijevam, dovesti, dovezem; dovezao, dovezla (P);
dolijevaju (I) [J] to add by pouring dovoziti, dovozim (I) to bring by vehicle
dolje adv. [J] below, down 10A1z see voditi
dom m; Gsg doma Npl domovi 1. home; dovienja excl. goodbye 2A4
2. dormitory; doma adv. [C] 1. [toward] dovoljan, dovoljna adj. sufficient, enough
home; 2. at home 9A2 11A4
domai adj. domestic 1A4; domaa zadaa dozivati, dozivam, dozivaju (I) to call out to
[B,C] domai zadatak [S] homework 1A4 19A3a
domaica f housekeeper (female) 11A2z dozvoliti, dozvolim (P): dozvoljavati, dozvolj-
domovina f homeland 17A1a avam, dozvoljavaju (I) to allow 16A3b
doneti, donesem (P) 13A2, 10A1z; donositi doiveti, doivim (P): doivljavati, doiv ljav-
(I) [E] to bring see nositi am, doivljavaju (I) [E] to experience
donijeti, donesem; donio, donijela (P) 13A2, B.IV
10A1z; donositi (I) [J] to bring see nositi doivjeti, doivim; doivio, doivjela (P): do-
dopadati se see under dopasti se ivljavati, doiv ljavam doivljavaju (I) [J]
dopasti se, dopadnem se; dopao se, dopala se to experience B .IV
(P) B.IV; dopadati se (I) + Dat [B,S] to doivljaj m experience
be pleasing to 16A1a, 6A4z doivljavati see under doiveti or doivjeti
dopirati see dopreti drag adj. dear 2A2; ba mi je drago! I am
dopreti, doprem; dopro, doprla (P); dopirati, truly delighted! 6A3 ; drage volje gladly
dopirem (I) [E] to reach, to penetrate, to get 16A3b; drago kamenje precious stones
through to 20.I 12A2
doprijeti, doprem; dopro, doprla (P); dopirati, dramski adj. dramatic; dramske umetnosti
dopirem (I) [J] to reach, to penetrate, to get [E] dramske umjetnosti [J] dramatic arts
13B3
through to 20.I
dres m; Npl dresovi sports jersey B.I
dopustiti, dopustim (P) 16A2a; doputati, do-
drhtati, drem (I) to tremble, to shiver
putam, doputaju (I) B.III to permit
17A3a
see pustiti drka f; DLsg drci [B,S] handle 14A1
doputati, see under dopustiti drug m; Npl drugovi 1. friend, pal, school-
doruak m; Gsg doruka breakfast 7A1 mate, companion (m., general) [B,S only]
dorukovati, dorukujem (I/P) to eat break- 1A4, 3A2z; 2. comrade (m., general)
fast 7A1 drugarica f [B,S] 1. friend, pal, schoolmate (f.)
dosadan, dosadna adj. 1. boring, dull; 2. an- [B,S only] 4A2; 2. comrade (f.)
noying 5A1, 6A3z drugi adj. 1. second (2nd) 2A1, 6A2z;
dosadanji adj. former, previous 16A2b 2. other, another 5A1 Drugi svetski rat [E]
dosaditi, dosadim (P) B.V ; dosaivati, Drugi svjetski rat [J] Second World War
dosaujem (I) to bore [someone]; dosaditi 12A4, 12A3z; jedan drugi one another
se, dosadim se (P); dosaivati se, dosaujem [as in jedni drugima to one another]
se (I) to be bored
11A2z, 15A2z, . 16B1 .
dosei [dosegnuti], dosegnem (P) 20.III; dosez-
drugo adv. 1. secondly 4A4; 2. other 16A1b;
ati, doseem (I) to reach [up to something]
3. else 13A1
dosegnuti see under dosei
drutven adj. social 19A2b; drutvene
doseliti se, doselim se (P) 16A3b; doseljavati
nauke [B,S] drutvene znanosti [C] social
se, doseljavam se, doseljavaju se (I) to
sciences 13B3
move to
drutvo n; Gpl drutava 1. society; 2. com-
dospeti, dospem (P) 16A1a; dospevati,
pany of friends 10A1, 10A1z
dospevam, dospevaju (I) [E] to arrive at
398
druiti se, druim se (I) to socialize B.IV dvjesta num. [J] [B/S] two hundred (200)
drvee n (coll.) trees 12A2z for sg see drvo 12A1z, 12A2z
drven adj. wooden 20.V dvjesto num. [J] two hundred (200) 12A1z,
drvo n; Gsg drveta Npl drveta tree 12A2z, 12A2z
A.VI see also drvee dvoje n two [a couple, mixed gender] 12A2z
drvo n; Gsg drveta Npl drva wood, firewood dvojica f two [men] 12A2z
drzak, drska adj. insolent 20.IV dvor m; Gsg dvora Npl dvorovi 1. courtyard
drak m; Gsg drka [C] handle 14A1 2. court B .V
drati, drim (I) to hold, to keep 6 dvorana f hall [e.g. concert] 16A1a
12A1, 10A1z see also izdrati, od rati, dvorite n yard A.VI
sadrati dvostruk adj. double, twofold 15A1
drava f state 6A1 , 6A1z
dravljanin m; Npl dravljani citizen (m., D
general) damija f mosque
dravljanka f; DLsg dravljanki Gpl dem m; Gsg dema Npl demovi jam 7A1
dravljanki citizen (f.) dezva f; Gpl dezava or dezvi Turkish
dubina f depth 15A1 coffeepot see photos in Lesson 14 14A1
dublji adj. deeper see dubok dez m jazz
dubok adj. deep

duan m; Gsg duana [B,C,S] store, shop
ak m; Gsg aka Npl aci elementary or sec-
12A2, . 12A2 .
ondary school student, pupil 5A1, 8A1z
duet m; Gsg dueta duet 15A1
dug, duga; dugi adj. long [in time or distance] E
3A3, 10A2z, 11A2z ej! excl. hey! 2A3
duga f; DLsg dug i rainbow A .VIII egzibicija f show 15A1
dugaak, dugaka; dugaki adj. long [in dis- ekavica f ekavian 15A1
tance] ekipa f team 16A1a
dugmad f; Gsg dug madi [B,S] (sg form) ekonomija f economics 13B3
buttons elegantan, elegantna adj. elegant 11A1
dugme n; Gsg dugmeta [B,S] button 8A2, elektriar m electrician (m., general) 11A2z
8A2z for pl see dugmad elektriarka f; DLsg elektriarki Gpl
dugo adv. long [in time or distance] elektriarki m electrician (f.) 11A2z
duh m; Npl dusi spirit 17C1, 8A1z elektrotehnika f; DLsg elektrotehnici
duh m; Npl duhovi ghost 17C1 electrical engineering 13B3
duhovit, duhovita adj. witty 7A3 Engleska f (adj. form) England 4A1
dulje adv. longer 20.V see dugo engleski adj. English 4A1
dulji adj. longer see dug Engleskinja f Englishwoman 1A4
dua f soul 17A2 Englez m; Gsg Engleza English person, Eng-
dui adj. longer see dug lishman 1A4
duina f length eno part. there (pointing)
dva num. (with m or n noun) two (2) 4A3, epoha f; DLsg epohi or eposi age, epoch 6A2 ,
4A3z, 5A1z, 12A1z, 12A2z 6A2z
dvadeset num. twenty (20) 6A1, 5A1z, epski adj. epic 19A3b
12A1z esej m; Gsg eseja essay 18A3
dvadeseti adj. twentieth (20th) 20A1 etnologija f ethnology 16A2b
dvanaest num. twelve (12) 5A4, 5A1z, eto part. look! B.VI
12A1z, Europa f [C] Europe 4A1
dvanaesti adj. twelfth (12th) 12A1, 6A2z euro m [B,C] 1. euro [currency]; 2. currency of
dve num. [E] (with f noun) two (2) 4A3, Montenegro . 12B5 .
4A3z, 12A1z eventualan, eventualna adj. possible, concei-
dvesta num. [E] two hundred (200) vable but uncertain 16A3a
12A1z,12A2z evo part. here (pointing) 4A4, 4A4z
dvesto num. [E] two hundred (200) evro m [B,S] 1. euro [currency]; 2. currency of
12A1z,12A2z Montenegro . 12B5 .
dvije num. [J] (with f noun) two (2) 4A3, Evropa f [B,S] Europe 4A1
4A3z, 12A1z, 12A2z
399
F frizerski adj. pertaining to hairdressing B.V
fabrika f; DLsg fabrici [B,S] factory 20.II frizura f hairdo B .V
fakat colloq. really, indeed B .VII friider m; Gsg friidera [B,C,S] refrigerator
fakat m; Gsg fakta Gpl fakata [B,S] fact fudbal m [B,S] soccer A .I
fakt m: Gpl fakata [B,C] fact fudbaler m; Gsg fudbalera [B,S] soccer player
fakultet m; Gsg fakulteta school or college of B.IV
a university, faculty [e.g. Faculty of Medicine] fudbalski adj. [B,S] soccer; fudbalski klub
5A2, 4A1z, 6A1z, . 5A2 . soccer team B.I
faliti (I) 1. to lack [as in neto tu fali theres funkcija f function
something missing here]; 2. to miss + Dat funkcionirati, funkcioniram, funkcioniraju
[as in fali mi I miss you] (I/P) [C] to function 19A1b
farmaceut m pharmacist 11A3 funkcionisati, funkcioniem (I/P) [B,S] to
faistiki adj. fascist 18A3 function 19A1b
februar m [B,S] February 6A2 , . 6A2 . furati se, furam se, furaju se (I) colloq. [B,C]
Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine the 1. to drive; 2. to go after B.V
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
see map 4 G
fenirati, feniram, feniraju (I); isfenirati, isfen- ga pron. (clitic) (Acc-Gen) 1. him; 2. it
iram, isfeniraju (P) to blow dry [hair] 2A1, 6A3z, 6A4z, 10A1z see under on
B.V gae f (pl form) men's underpants
festival m; Gsg festivala festival 16A1a gaice f (pl form) women's underpants
figura f figure 19A1b galama f ruckus, hubbub 20.VII
fildan m Turkish coffee cup see photos in galeb m; Npl galebi or galebovi sea gull
14A1 gasiti, gasim (I); ugasiti, ugasim (P) to put out,
film m; Npl filmovi movie, cinema 2A3; ak- to extinguish 20.V
cioni film action movie 7A3; crtani film gavran m; Npl gavrani or gavranovi raven
animated film, cartoon 7A3 gde adv. [E] where 4A2, 5A1z, 9A2z, .7A4.;
filmski adj. pertaining to film or movies gde god wherever 18A3
B.VII gdje adv. [J] where 4A2, 5A1z, 9A2z .7A4.;
filolog ija f [B,S] philology 13B3 . 6 .; gdje god wherever 18A3, e
filozof ija f philosophy 13B3 where (Montenegrin) 19A3a, . 19A3a ,
fin adj. nice, fine 2A3, 3A1z, 6A1z, 8A1 z . 19A3b .
financiranje n [C] financial support 16A2a genitiv m genitive [case]
finansiranje n [B,S] financial support 16A2a geografija f geography 13B3
fiziki adj. physical; fizika kultura or geografski adj. geographical [B,C,S] 1
fiskultura [B,C,S] physical education 13B3 germanistika f; DLsg germanistici study of
fizika f; DLsg fizici physics 13B3 Germanic languages 13B3
folklor m; Gsg folklora folklore; smotra germanski adj. Germanic B .II
folklora folklore festival 16A2a gimnazija f secondary school B.I
forma f; Gpl forma, formi form, shape 19A3b gimnazijalac m; Gsg gimnazijalca secondary
formalan, formalna adj. formal B.VIII school student (m., general) B .I
formular m; Gsg formulara blank, form gimnazijalka f; DLsg gimnazijalki Gpl
16A2a gimnazijalki secondary school student (f.)
fotelj f; Gsg fotelja [B,S] armchair B .V gitara f guitar
fotelja f [B,C] armchair B.V gladak, glatka adj. smooth
foto-aparat m; Gsg foto-aparata camera gladan, gladna; gladni adj. hungry 4A3
A.VI glai adj. smoother see gladak
fotografija f photo 20.V glagol m verb 17A1b
Francuska f (adj. form) France 4A1 glas m; Npl glasovi 1. voice 19A2b; 2. vote;
francuski adj. French 2A4 3. word, news 19A3a; u jedan glas
Francuskinja f Frenchwoman 1A4 [speaking] as one B .IV
Francuz m; Gsg Francuza 1. French person; glasan, glasna adj. loud B.IV
2. Frenchman 1A4 glasovir m [C] piano
fraza f phrase 17A1b glava f; Asg glavu DLsg glavi Npl glave Gpl
frizerka f; DLsg frizerki Gpl frizerki glava head 10A4
hairdresser (f.) B.I glavobolja n. headache
400
glavni adj. main, principal; glavni grad cap- gornji adj. upper 17A4
ital [city] 2 gorski adj. hilly, mountainous 18A1a
glazba f; Gpl glazbi [C] music 7A4 gospoda pl (f sg form) gentlemen 8A2 for sg
glazbalo n [C] musical instrument 19A3b see gospodin
glazbeni adj. [C] musical 16A3b gospodar m; Gsg gospodara 1. master, lord;
glazbenica f [C] musician (f.) 11A2z 2. owner A.V
glazbenik m; Npl glazbenici [C] musician (m., gospodarstvo n [B,C] economy
general) 11A2z gospodin m gentleman, Mr., sir 2A2 for pl
gle! excl. look!; gle uda well, what dya see gospoda
know! B .IV gospoa f married woman, Mrs., Ms., maam,
gledalac m; Gsg gledaoca Gpl gledalaca lady 2A2
[B,C,S] spectator, audience member 15A1 gospoica f unmarried woman, Ms., Miss
gledatelj m [C] spectator, audience member 16A2b
(m., general) 15A1 gost m; Gsg gosta Gpl gostiju (m., general);
gledateljica f [C] spectator, audience member guest 13A1; u gostima visiting, being a
(f.) 15A1 guest 17A4
gledati (I) to look at, to watch 6 2A2; gostionica f inn, tavern, small restaurant 14A2
pogledati (P) to glance at 20.V ; ug ledati gostovati, gostujem (I) to be a guest 16A2a
(P) to catch sight of 20.VIII; gle! excl. goa f guest (f.)
look!; gle uda well, what dya know! gotov adj. finished, done
B.IV see also odgledati, izgledati gotovo adv. 1. thats that! 11A1, 4A1z
gluh, gluha; gluhi adj. [B,C] deaf 18A1a 2. almost 20.IV
glumac m; Gsg glumca actor 11A2z govno n; Gpl govana 1. excrement; 2. vulg.
glumica f actress 11A2z shit
glumiti, glumim (I) 1. to act [a role] B.IV govoriti, govorim (I) to speak 6A4 see also
2. to feign [B,C,S] izgovoriti, odgovoriti, nagovoriti, progovor-
glup, glupa, glupi adj. stupid 2A2, 11A2z iti, razgovoriti
glupaa f stupid female B.V grad m; Npl gradovi city 4 3A3, 3A1z,
gluplji adj. stupider 8, 11A2z see glup 4A1z, 5A1z, 6A1z, 7A1 z, 8A1z; plan
glupost f; Gsg gluposti Isg -ou or -osti grada map of town 11A3; glavni grad
stupidity 13 capital [city] 2
glui adj. [B,C] deafer see gluh gradi m; Gsg gradia small town 3A3
gluv, gluva; gluvi adj. [S] deaf 18A1a gradski adj. city, urban 13A4
gluvlji adj. [S] deafer see gluv graanin m; Npl graani 1. citydweller,
gnezdo n Gpl gnezda [E] nest 4 5A1 resident of a city; 2. citizen (m., general)
gnijezdo n; Gpl gnijezda [J] nest 4 5A1 graanka f 1. citydweller, resident of a city;
go, gola; goli adj. [B,S] naked 18A1a 2. citizen (f.)
-god adv. -ever [as in kad god whatever grah m [B,C] beans
13A3z, . 18A3 .; kako god, however, etc.] gramatiki adj. grammar, grammatical 17A2b
godina f year 6A2, 12A3z; godinama for gramatika f; DLsg gramatici grammar 2A4
years 7A2, 7A2z; godinu dana [for] a grana f; Asg granu Npl grane Gpl grana
year 6A2, 6A2 z, 9A1z; nepunih 15 branch 18A1a see also granje
godina not quite 15 years old 20.II granje n; coll. branches 12A2z for sg see
godinji adj. annual 12A1 grana
godite n year of birth 12A3, 12A3z granica f border 3
goditi (I) to please, to gratify 20.III granuti, grane (P) (3rd person only) to burst
gol, gola adj. [B,C] naked 18A1a forth 14A2
golem, golema adj. enormous 19A3a Grka f; adj. form Greece 4A1
golub m; Npl golubi or golubovi dove, pigeon greka f; Gpl greaka mistake, error B .III
gora f wooded mountain or hill grip n. [S] flu, influenza
gord, gorda; gordi adj. proud 18A1a gripa n. [B,C] flu, influenza
gore adv. above, up Grk m; Npl Grci Greek person (m., general)
gore adv. worse 11A1, 11A1z see loe Grkinja f Greek person (f.)
gori adj. worse 11A2, 11A1z see lo grliti (I); zag rliti (P) to embrace 16A1b
goreti, gorim (I) [E] to burn grlo n throat 18A3
gorjeti, gorim; gorio, gorjela (I) [J] to burn grom m; Gsg groma Npl gromovi thunder,
401
lightning only]; 2. loaf of bread 4A3
grozan, grozna adj. terrible, horrible 3A1 hodati, hodam, hodaju (I) 1. to walk; 2. to go
groznica f fever out together 7A2
grub, gruba; grubi adj. rough hodnik m; Npl hodnici hallway, corridor
grublji adj. rougher see grub 13A1
grudnjak m; Npl grudnjaci bra, brassiere hostel m hostel 16A2a
grupa f group 16A3b hotel m; Gsg hotela; Gpl hotela hotel 14A2
grupirati, grupiram, grupiraju (I/P) [B,C] to hrabar, hrabra; hrabri adj. brave
group 19A2b hrabrost f; Gsg hrabrosti Isg -ou or -osti
grupisati, grupiem (I/P) [B,S] to group courage, bravery B.VI
19A2b hrana f food 6A4
gubitak m; Gsg gubitka loss 20.II hraniti, hranim (I); othraniti, othranim (P) to
gubiti (I); izgubiti, izgubim (P) to lose 9A3; raise, to nurture 20.IV
izgubiti glavu to panic, to lose ones compo- hrast m; Gsg hrasta Npl hrastovi oak tree
sure 10A2 hrenovka f; DLsg hrenovci Gpl hrenovki hot
guma f 1. rubber; 2. eraser 10A3 dog, frankfurter
gumb m; Npl gumbi [C] button A .VIII hrid f; Gsg hridi Gpl hridi cliff 17A3a
guska f; Gpl guski or gusaka goose hrianin m; Npl hriani [B,S] Christian (m.,
gusle f; Gpl gusala (pl form) traditional one- general)
stringed instrument that accompanies the hrianka f: DLsg hrianki Gpl hrianki
singing of epic songs see photos in 19A3b [B,S] Christian (f.)
gust, gusta; gusti adj. thick, dense 14A4 hrianski adj. [B,S] Christian 19A3b
gui adj. thicker, denser see gust hrianstvo n [B,S] Christianity
guva f; Gpl guvi [B,C,S] 1. crowd; hronika f; DLsg hronici [B,S] chronicle
2. colloq. trouble B.IV 11A3, . 14A3 .
Hrvat m; Gsg Hrvata Croat (m., general) 1A4
H Hrvatica f Croat (f.) 1A4
hajde excl. come on! 7A3 Hrvatska f (adj. form) Croatia 1
hajduk n; Gsg hajduka Npl hajduci brigand hrvatski adj. Croatian 2
19A3a hteti (I) [E] want, will 6
haljina f dress 11A1 (full forms) hou, hoe, hoe, hoemo, hoete,
hauba f 1. salon hairdryer B.V ; 2. hood hoe [also future auxiliary] 5A2, 5A2 z,
(Am.), bonnet (Br.) [of car] 9A2z;
hemiar m [B,S] chemist (m., general) (clitics) u, e, e, emo, ete, e [future
11A2z auxiliary only] 9A1, 9A1z, 9A2z;
hemiarka f; DLsg hemiarki Gpl hemiarki (negated) dont want, wont neu, nee,
[B,S] chemist (f.) 11A2z nee, neemo, neete, nee [B,S] ne u, ne
hemija f [B,S] chemistry 13B3 e, ne e, ne emo, ne ete, ne e [C] [also
hemijski adj. [B,S] chemical; hemijska future auxiliary] 9A2, 5A2z, 9A2 z,
olovka ballpoint pen 2A4
. 13B1 .;
herceg m; Npl hercezi duke . 17C5 . (past tense) hteo, htela 10A3, 10A1z
hiljada f [B,C,S] thousand 12A1, 12A1z; hoe-nee like it or not 9A3
hiljadu one thousand (1,000) 12A1, 12A1z htjeti (I) [J] want, will 6
. 12A2 . (full forms) hou, hoe, hoe, hoemo, hoete,
hiniti, hinim (I) [B,C] to feign 20.V hoe [also future auxiliary] 5A2, 5A2 z,
historija f [B] history 13B3, . 17A1b . 9A2z;
hit m; Npl hitovi popular song (clitics) u, e, e, emo, ete, e [future
hitan, hitna adj. urgent, emergency 14A1; auxiliary only] 9A1z, 9A2 z;
hitna kola ambulance 14A3 ; hitna pomo (negated) dont want, wont neu, nee,
emergency response, first aid, 911 14A3 nee, neemo, neete, nee [B,S] ne u, ne
hlae f (pl form) [B,C] pants, trousers 11A1 e, ne e, ne emo, ne ete, ne e [C] [also
hladan, hladna; hladni adj. cold 4A3 future auxiliary] 5A2z, . 13B1 .; (past
hladnjak m; Npl hladnjaci [C] refrigerator tense) htio, htjela 10A1z
hleb m; Npl hlebovi [E] 1. bread; 2. loaf of hoe-nee like it or not 9A3
bread 4A3 hvala f thanks 2A4 , . 13B1 .; hvala lijepa [C]
hljeb m; Npl hljebovi [J] 1. bread [J] [B/S hvala lepo [S] hvala lijepo [J] [B/S] thank
402
you very much 2A4; hvala na pitanju 4 1A2, 3A2z
thanks for asking imenica f noun 17A1b
hvaliti, hvalim (I) to praise see also pohvali- imperfekt m imperfect [tense] 17C1
ti, zahvaliti se inae adv. otherwise, aside from that 19A2b
hvatati (I); uhvatiti (P) to catch informacija f (often pl) informacije informa-
tion 16A2a
I informatika f; DLsg informatici information
i conj. and 1A1; i tako dalje and so forth science 13B3
16A1a; i ... i both ... and 10A4 inostranstvo n; Gpl inostranstava [B,S] for-
iako conj. although 16A2b eign lands; u inostranstvu abroad 8A3
iega pron. (Gen) anything see under ita inozemstvo n; Gpl inozemstava [C] foreign
ii, idem; iao, ila (I) to go 5A1, 5A2z, lands; u inozemstvu abroad 8A3
7A2z, 7A3z, 9A1z, 9A2 z; ii u pod- insistiranje n insistence 13
stanare to become a tenant, to rent 9A3 ; instanca f; Gpl instanci institution, level
ii svojim putem to go one's own way 16A2a
12A2; ii [nekome] izvrsno to go very well inteligentan, inteligentna adj. intelligent
[for someone] B.II see also doi, izai, 11A3z
izii, nai, nai se, naii, obii, ot ii, poi, instrument m; Gpl instrumenata [B,C,S]
prei, prii, proi, razii se, ui, zai 1. musical instrument; 19A3b 2. tool
ideja f idea 3A3 instrumental m instrumental [case]
identificirati, identificiram, identificiraju (I/P) intenzivan, intenzivna adj. intensive 16A3b
[B,C] to identify 19A2b interesantan, interesantna adj. interesting
identifikovati, identifikujem (I/P) [B,S] to 16A3a
identify 19A2b interesiranje n [C] interest 19A3b
idui adj. next, coming 5A3, 12A1z; idueg interesirati, interesiram, interesiraju (I) [B,C]
dana [B,C,S] on the next day to interest 16A1a
igde adv. [E] anywhere interesovanje n [B,S] interest 19A3b
igdje adv. [J] anywhere interesovati, interesujem (I) [B,S] to interest
igla f; Gpl igala or igli needle A.VIII 16A1a
igra f; Gpl igara 1. game; 2. dance [B,S only] internet m internet 8A3
15A1 inenjer m; Gsg inenjera engineer 11A3
igra m; Gsg igraa 1. player (m., general); ionako adv. 1. although; 2. anyhow B .III
2. dancer (m., general) [B,S only] 11A2z ipak adv. nonetheless, nevertheless, yet 13A3
igraica f 1. player (f.); 2. dancer (f.) [B,S isfenirati see fenirati
only] 11A2z iskapiti, iskapim (P) to drain to the last drop
igraka f; DLsg igraki Gsg igraaka or B.VIII
igraki toy 16A1b iskati, item (I) to seek 17A3a
igralite n playground B.IV iskaz m statement 19A1b
igrati, igram, igraju (I) 1. to play [a game] iskaznica f membership card 16A2a
5C1, 5A2z, 10A1z; 2. to dance [B,S only] iskljuiti, iskljuim (P); iskljuivati,
15A1; igrati se, igram se, ig raju se (I) to iskljuujem (I)
play 16A1b see also odigrati 1. turn off; 2. exclude
ih pron. (clitic) (Acc-Gen) them 2A1, 2A1z, iskoristiti (P) 15A1; iskoritavati, iskoritav-
6A3z see under oni am, iskoritavaju (I) to use see also kor-
ijekavica f ijekavian 15A1 istiti
ikad, ikada adv. ever B.IV iskren adj. sincere B .VIII
iko pron. [B,S] anyone (Gen) ikoga (Dat- ispasti, ispadnem; ispao, ispala (P); ispadati (I)
Loc) ikom, ikome (Instr) ikim 1. to turn out, to end up 12A1; 2. to drop or
ili conj. or 1A3 ; ili ... ili either ... or fall out of see also pasti
im pron. (clitic) (Dat-Loc-Inst) them 6A3, ispadati see under ispasti
6A3z see under oni ispit f exam 6A2
imam m; Gsg imama imam (Muslim cleric) ispitati, ispitam, ispitaju (P); ispitivati, ispituj-
imati (I) to have 2A1; ima there is, there are em (I) 1. to question, to examine; 2. to
5A2, 10A1z; imati pravo to be right 7A2 interrogate 20.VII see also pitati
see also nemati ispitivanje n [B,S] examination [e.g. medical],
ime n; Gsg imena Npl imena Gpl imena name testing 20.I
403
ispitni adj. exam 9A1 izdavati see under izdati
isplatiti se, isplati se (P) (3rd sg only) to be izdrati, izdrim (P) 20 .V; izdravati, izdra-
worthwhile 14A2 2. see platiti vam, izdravaju (I) 1. to endure; 2. to sup-
isplatiti se, isplatim se (P) to pay off see port; 3. to survive see drati
platiti izgled m appearance B.V ; izgledi
ispod prep. + Gen under, beneath 5 8A4, prospects 20.IV
8A4z izgledati, izgledam, izgledaju (I) to appear, to
ispred prep. + Gen in front of 5 8A4, seem 9A2 see gledati
8A4z izgovor m 1. pronunciation B.III; 2. excuse
ispriati, ispriam, ispriaju (P) to tell every- izgovoriti, izgovorim (P) 19A2a; izgovarati,
thing 16A1b see priati izgovaram, izgovaraju (I) to pronounce
isprva adv. at first 18A3 see also govoriti
istai [istaknuti], istaknem (P); isticati, istiem izgubiti see under gubiti
(I) to emphasize, to remark B.III izii, iziem; iziao, izila (P) [B,C only]
istaknuti see under istai 10A1; izlaziti (I) to go out 20.V ; izii na
istarski adj. Istrian 8A3 pie [B,C only] to go out for a drink
isti adj. same 9A2 ; istog asa or istog trena B.VII see ii
that very moment 14A1 izjadati se (P) to complain, to pour out ones
isticati see under istai sorrows 15A1
istina f truth 10A3 izjava f statement 14A3
istinski adj. authentic, true 20.IV izjednaiti se, izjednaim se (P); izjednaivati
istoni adj. eastern se, izjednaujem se (I) to become equal
istok m east 6 17A2a
istorija f [S] history 13B3, . 17A1b . izjednaivati se see izjednaiti se
istovremen adj. simultaneous 15A1 izlazak m; Gsg izlaska Npl izlasci 1. exit
istraiti, istraim (P) 16A2b; istraivati, 20.III; 2. going out 5A4
istraujem (I) 15A2 to research see traiti izlaziti see under izai or izii
istraivaki adj. research 16A2 izlet m excursion 14A4
istraivanje n research 16A2 izlog m; Npl izlozi store window, display case
istraivati see under istraiti 12A2
iitati (P) to read out to the end 20.VIII see izmeu prep. + Gen between, among 5
itati 4A4, 8A4z
iekivanje n anticipation B.VI izmenjati, izmenjam, izmenjaju (P); izmenji-
ita pron. anything [at all] (Gen) ieg, iega vati, izmenjujem (I) [E] to alternate, to
(Dat-Loc) iem, iemu (Instr) iim 7A1, exchange 20.II
9A3z izmenjivati see izmenjati
Italija f Italy 1 izmeati see under meati
italijanski adj. [B,S] Italian B .II izmet m excrement
itd. (abbr. for i tako dalje) etc. izmijeati see under mijeati
itekako adv. definitely 13A4 izmisliti (P) 20.VIII; izmiljati, izmiljam (I)
itko pron. [C] anyone (Gen) ikoga (Dat-Loc) to fabricate, to think up see misliti
ikom, ikome (Instr) ikim izmijenjati, izmijenjam (P); izmjenjivati, iz-
iz prep. + Gen 1. from; 2. out of 5 4A1, mjenjujem (I) [J] to alternate, to exchange
4A2z 20.II
iza prep. + Gen 1. behind; 2. after 5 izmjenjivati see izmijenjati
8A4, 8A4z iznad prep. + Gen over, above 5 8A4 ,
izai, izaem; izaao, izala (P) [B,C,S] 10A1; 8A4z
izlaziti (I) to go out 20.VI; izai na pie iznaj miti, iznajmim (P) 9A3, . 9A3 .; iznajm-
[B,C,S] to go out for a drink B.VII see ljivati, iznajmljujem (I) 16A2b to rent [to]
ii iznajmljivati see under iznaj miti
izbivanje n time spent away 18A3 iznenaditi, iznenadim (P) 20 .IV ; iznenaivati,
izbrisati, izbriem see brisati iznenaujem (I) B .III to surprise
izdaleka adv. from afar 14A4 iznenaenje n surprise B .V
izdanje n [B,C,S] edition, publication 20.V iznenaivati see under iznenaditi
izdati (P); izdavati, izdajem (I) 1. to publish iznervirati se, iznerviram se, iznerviraju se
16A2; 2. to betray see dati (P); to get irritated, to get angry 11
404
see nerviriti se oneself, to wiggle out see vui
izneti, iznesem (P) [E] to carry out, to bring out
19A3 see also nositi J
iznijeti, iznesem (P) [J] to carry out, to bring ja pron. I 4 1A1, 2A1z, 2A2z
out 19A3a see also nositi (Acc-Gsg) mene 2A2z, 7A1z,
izniman, iznimna adj. [C] exceptional 16A2b me 2A1z, 7A1z
izravan, izravna adj. [C] direct, immediate (Dat) meni, mi 6A3z
16A2b (Loc) meni 6A3z
izraz m expression 15A2 (Instr) mnom 7A1z
izraziti, izrazim (P) 19A1b; izraavati, for pl see mi
izraavam, izraavaju (I) to express jablan m; Npl jablani or jablanovi poplar
izrei, izreem, izreku [izreknem]; izrekao, 18A1a
izrekla (P) 19A2b; izricati, izriem (I) jabuka f; DLsg jabuci apple 4A3, 14A1z
to pronounce, to declare jai adj. stronger 11A2z see jak
izricati see under izrei Jadransko more Adriatic Sea 1
izuavati, izuavam [I] to make a study of jagoda f strawberry 5A1
19A3b jaje n; Gsg jajeta Npl jaja egg 4
izum m invention jaje na oko egg sunnyside up 7A1, 8A2z
izumjeti, izumijem; izumio, izumjela (P) [J] jak, jaka; jaki adj. strong 14A2, 11A2z
to invent 15A1, 15A1z jako adv. very 3A1
izuzetan, izuzetna adj. [B,C,S] exceptional januar m [B,S] January 6A2 , . 6A2 .
16A2b jao excl. 1. oh, no! 2. ouch 9A2 , . 9A3 .
izuzeti, izuzmem (P) 20.VI; izuzimati (I) to Japan n; Gsg Japana m Japan 6A4
exempt see uzeti jasan, jasna adj. 1. clear; 2. transparent 9A4
izvesti, izvedem; izveo, izvela (P); izvoditi, iz- jasen m; Npl jaseni or jasenovi European ash
vodim (I) to perform 15A1 see voditi [tree]
izvetaj m [E] report 14A2 jastreb m; Npl jastrebi or jastrebovi hawk
izvideti, izvidim (P) [E] to scout 19A3a see jastuk m; Npl jastuci pillow 12A1
videti javiti se, javim se (P); javljati se, javljam se,
izvidjeti, izvidim; izvidio, izvidjela (P) [J] to javljaju se (I) + Dat to get in contact [e.g.
scout 19A3a see vidjeti call, write, send email or SMS] 8A3, 8A3z,
izvijati, izvijam (I) to soar 19A3a 9A2z
izvikati se, izviem se (P) to yell at length javljanje n contact, [instance of] communica-
20.VII see vikati tion 16A3b
izviniti, izvinim (P) [B,S] to excuse; izvini javljati se see under javiti se
(sg), izvinite (pl) sorry! 2A1, 2A4z javnost f; Npl javnosti Isg -ou or -osti [the]
izvinjavati se, izvinjavam se, izvinjavaju se (I) general public 14A3
[B,S] to apologize 2A1 javor m; Npl javori or javorovi maple tree
izvjee n [C] report 14A2 je is 1A2, 6A4z, 10A1z, 10A2z see under
izvjetaj m [J] [B/S] report 14A2 biti
izvoditi see under izvesti je pron. (clitic) (Acc-Gen) 1. her; 2. it 2A1,
izvoli (sg) izvolite (pl, polite) (P) 1. here you 6A3z see under ona
are; 2. may I help you; 3. please 2A4 jecati (I) to sob 17A3a
izvor m source 16A2a jedan, jedna num (adj. form) one (1) 3A1,
izvorni adj. original, authentic 16A2a 12A1z, 12A2z; jedan po jedan one by
izvrstan, izvrsna adj. excellent, outstanding one 15A2 ; jednom once 10A3;
10A1; ii [nekome] izvrsno to go very well odjednom suddenly 14A4; nijednom
[for someone] B.II never 14A2; jedan drugi one another [as
izvriti, izvrim (P) 12A3; izvravati, in jedni drugima to each other] 11A2z,
izvravam, izvravaju (I) to perform, to 15A2z, . 16B1 .; jedno drugo one another
carry out, to execute; izvriti atentat (na) + (mixed genders) [as in jedno drugome to
Acc to assassinate 12A4 each other] . 16B1 .; s jedne strane ... s
izvui, izvuem, izvuku (P); izvlaiti, izvlaim druge strane on the one hand ... on the
(I) to pull out, to extricate 20 .V, 11A1z; other hand 8A4z
izvui se, izvuem se, izvuku se (P) 20.II; jedan, jedna adj. one, a; pl. jedni some
izvlaiti se, izvlaim se (I) to extricate 3A1, 3A1z, 4A3 z, 5A1z
405
jedanaest num. eleven (11) 5A2, 5A1z jezik m; Npl jezici Gpl jezika 1. language;
jedanaesti adj. eleventh (11th) 11A1, 6A2z 2. tongue 9A1 ; strani jezik foreign
jedanput adv. once 10A1 language B .I
jedini adj. one and only, sole 16A2a jezikoslovlje [C] linguistics 13B3
jedino adv. 1. solely; 2. only 14 jogurt n yogurt
jedinstven adj. 1. single; 2. unique 19A3b; joj pron. clitic (Dat-Loc) 1. her; 2. it 6A3,
3. uniform; 4. only; 5. united 6A3z see under ona
jedni pl. adj. see jedan adj. joj! excl. 1. oops! 2. ouch!
jedno adv. approximately 16A1a [as in jorgovan m lilac
jedno desetak roughly ten] jo adv. 1. still; 2. yet; 3. more 4A3
jednoduan, jednoduna adj. unanimous ju pron. (clitic) (Acc) 1. her; 2. it 2A1z,
15A1 10A1z see under ona
jednolian, jednolina adj. monotonous 20.II jue adv. [B,S] yesterday 6A3
jednom adv. once see jedan juer adv. [C] yesterday 6A3
jednomeseni adj. [E] one-month 16A2b jueranji adj. yesterdays 20 .VIII
jednomjeseni adj. [J] one-month 16A2b juha f; DLsg juhi [C] soup 11A2
jednostavan, jednostavna adj. simple jug m south
jednoian, jednoina adj. single-stringed Jugoslavija f Yugoslavia 17A4z
19A3b jul or juli m; Gsg jula [B,S] July 6A2
jedva adv. barely B .VI; jedva ekam I . 6A2 .
can hardly wait A.V jun or juni m; Gsg juna [B,S] June 6A2
jeftin adj. cheap, inexpensive . 6A2 .
je l'da part. isn't that so? . 9A3 . junaki adj. heroic 19A3b
je li part. (opening phrase for question) junak m; Gsg junaka Npl junaci hero 4
[B,C] . 9A3 . jutro n; Gpl jutara morning 2A4
jelo n dish [on menu] 6A4 jutros adv. this morning 3A1
jelovnik m; Npl jelovnici 1. menu 6A4; juni adj. southern 4A1 ; Juna Amerika
2. food plan DLsg Junoj Americi South America 4A1
je l'te part. isn't that so? . 9A3 . junoslavenski adj. [C] South Slavic 19A3b,
jer conj. because 4A2 . 9A1 .
jesam (I) [I] am see biti junoslavistika f; DLsg junoslavistici South
jesen f; Isg jeseni Npl jeseni autumn 3A2; na Slavic studies 13B3
jesen in the autumn 9A3 ; jesenas this junoslovenski adj. [B,S] South Slavic
fall, the coming fall, last fall 19A3b, . 9A1 .
jesenski adj. [C] autumnal 14A4
jesenji adj. [B,S] autumnal 14A4 K
jesi [you] are see biti k, ka prep. + Dat toward; to [B,C,S] 5
jesmo [we] are see biti 7A3, 7A3z,
jest [is] see biti kad, kada adv. when 5A4, 9A2z, 13A1z;
jest [C] [s/he, it] is (emphatic) kako kada it all depends on when 11A3
jeste [you] are see biti kahva f [B] coffee . 14A1 .
jeste [B,S] [s/he, it] is (emphatic) kafa f [B,S] coffee 4A3, . 10A1 ., . 14A1 .
jesti, jedem; jeo, jela (I) to eat; poj esti, kafana f [B,S] caf 5A4, 6A1z
pojedem; pojeo, pojela (P) to eat up 6 kafi m; Gsg kafia caf 12A2
5A1, 5A4, 4A4z, 5A4z, 6A2z, 9A1z, kaj pron. (kajkavian dialect) what . B .VII .
9A2z, 10A1z, 10A2z, 11A1z, 14A1z kajgana f scrambled eggs 7A1
jesu (I) they [are] see biti kakav, kakvo, kakva pron. adj. what kind of
Jevrej or Jev rejin m; Npl Jev reji [B,S] Jew 4 3A3, 3A3z
(m., general) kako adv. how 1A1 ; kako da ne of course,
Jevrejka f; DLsg Jevrejki [B,S] Jew (f.) definitely 5A4; kako kada it all depends
jevrejski adj. [B,S] Jewish on when 11A3; kako se kae how do you
jezero n lake 16A3b say 1A3, 9A2z; kako ... tako as ... so
jeziki adj. [B,S] language, language-related 18A3; kako za koga a matter of taste 5A3
7A4z
Kalifornija f California 4A1
jezini adj. [C] language, language-related
kamen m; Npl kamenovi or kameni stone
7A4z
406
17A2a see also kamenje kelnerica f [B,S] waitress 11A2z
kamenje coll. stones 12A2, 12A2z; drago kemiar m [C] chemist (m., general) 11A2z
kamenje precious stones 12A2 for sg see kemiarka f; DLsg kemiarki Gpl kemiarki
kamen [C] chemist (f.) 11A2z
kamilica f 1. chamomile flower; 2. chamo- kemija f [C] chemistry 13B3
mile tea A.II kemijski adj. [C] chemical; kemijska olovka
kamo adv. [C] where to 5A1, 5A1z, . 7.A4 . ballpoint pen 2A4
Kanaanin m; Npl Kanaani Canadian resi- kesten m; Nsg kesteni or kestenovi 1. chestnut
dent, Canadian man 1A4 tree; 1. chestnut nut; kesten pire chestnut
Kanaanka f; DLsg Kanaanki Gpl pure see also kestenje
Kanaanki Canadian woman 1A4 kestenje coll. chestnuts for sg see kesten
kancelarija f [B,C,S] office 6A1, 6A1z kila f [C] kilogram 12A2
kanjon m 1. river gorge; 2. canyon 16A3b kilo n [B,S] kilogram 12A2
kao adv. like, as 9A2, 4A1z; kao to conj. kilometar m; Gsg kilometra kilometer 7A2
as 4A1z; kao da conj. as if A .III; ko kim or kime pron. (Instr) whom 7A1, 7A1z
contraction of kao 17A2a see under ko, tko
kapa f cap 15A1 kimnuti, kimnem (P) 20 .V; kimati (I) to nod
kapati (I) to drip 14 see also klimnuti
kapirati, kapiram (I); ukapirati, ukapiram (P) kineziologija f [C] physical education 13B3
colloq. to understand, to catch on Kina f China 9A1
kaput m; Gsg kaputa coat 7A3 kineski adj. Chinese 9A1
karakter m character 19A1b Kineskinja f Chinese [person] (f.)
karta f; Gpl karata 1. ticket A.V ; 2. map Kinez n; Gsg Kineza Chinese [person] (m.,
13A4 general)
kartica f postcard kino n [B,C] movie, cinema 5A2, 5A4z,
kasa f [S] cash register 2A4 6A1z; kino-dvorana movie theater
kasan, kasna; kasni adj. late 6A2 16A1a
kasapin m; Npl kasapi [S] butcher 11A2z kiosk m; Npl kiosci newspaper stand, kiosk
kaiica f [S] little spoon 14A1 13A4
kaika f; DLsg kaici [B,S] spoon 14A1 kipar m; Gsg kipara [B,C] sculptor 11A2z
kaikica f [B] little spoon 14A1 kiparica f [B,C] sculptor (f.) 11A2z
kat m; Npl katovi [B,C] floor, story 6A1 kirija f [B,S] rent 9A3
katedra f; Gpl katedara or katedri 1. lectern, kiseo, kisela adj. sour 6A4 ; kiselo mleko [E]
rostrum 8A4; 2. university department kiselo mlijeko [J] yogurt-like beverage 7A1
16A2b kia f rain 14A2
katoliki adj. Catholic kiobran m umbrella
katolik m; Npl katolici Catholic (m., general) kititi (I); nakititi (P) to decorate 19A3a
katolikinja f [S] Catholic (f.) klavir m; Gsg klavira [B,C,S] piano
katolkinja f [B,C] Catholic (f.) kleati, kleim (I); kleknuti, kleknem (P) to
kava f [C] coffee 4A3, . 10A1 . kneel 17A3a
kavana f [C] caf 5A4, 6A1z klimati see under klimnuti
kazalini adj. [C] theater, theatrical 16A3a klimnuti, klimnem (P); klimati (I) 1. to wob-
kazalite n [C] theater 5A2, 5A4z, 6A1z ble; 2. to nod; klimati / klimnuti glavom
kazati, kaem (I/P) to say, to tell 5A1, 4A1z, to nod B .I see also kimnuti
. B.VII .; kae se its said 1A3, 1A1z, klub m team; fudbalski klub [B,S] nogo-
9A2z metni klub [B,C] soccer team B.I
kazivati, kazujem (I) to narrate, to relate 6 klupa f bench A.III
10A1z klju m; Npl kljuevi key 1A2
kazniti (P) 18A3; kanjavati, kanjavam, kneginja f princess, duchess
kanjavaju (I) to punish knez m; Npl knezovi or kneevi prince, duke
kerka f; DLsg kerki Gpl kerki [B,C] knjiga f; DLsg knjizi 1. book 4 1A2,
daughter 8A1 4A1z, 6A2z; 2. epistle, letter (archaic,
ki f; Asg ker Gsg keri Isg kerju or keri folklore) 19A3a
Gpl keri [B,C,S] daughter 4 8A1 knjievni adj. literary 16A2b
keks m; Npl keksi cookie, biscuit 4A3 knjievnost f; Gsg knjievnosti Isg -ou or
kelner m [B,S] waiter 11A2z -osti literature 13B3
407
knjinica f [C] library 7A4 kompletan, kompletna adj. complete B .III
ko pron. [B,S] who 4 1A1, 1A1z, kompozitor m; Gsg kompozitora [B,S] com-
2A2z, 6A2z, 7A1z; poser (m., general) 11A2z
(Acc-Gen) koga 2A2, 2A2z kompozitorka f; DLsg kompozitorki Gpl
(Dat) komu 6A2z, komu 4 kompozitorki [B,S] composer (f.) 11A2z
(Loc) kom, kome 6A2z; kom 4 komija m; Npl komije [B,S] neighbor (m.,
(Instr) kim, kime 8A4, 7A1z general) 6A4
ko see kao kominica f [B,S] neighbor (f.) 6A4
kobasica f sausage 7A1 komunikacija f communication B.VIII
kod prep. + Gen 1. with, at the home of, at, by komunist m [C] communist 18A3
5 4A2; 2. to the home of [B,S only]; komunista m; Npl komuniste [B,S]
kod kue at home 5C1 communist 18A3
koga pron. (Acc-Gen) whom 2A2, 2A2z, konac m; Gsg konca 1. thread A .VIII;
6A2z, 7A1z; kako za koga a matter of 2. end [C only] 16A2a
taste 5A3; bilo koga whomever, no matter konaan, konana adj. final 14A4
who . 18A3 . see under ko or tko konano adv. finally 14A4
kogod pron [B,S] someone or other 16A2a koncert m; Gpl koncerata concert 6A2 z
kojeta adv. nonsense konobar m [B,C,S] waiter 11A2z
koji, koj e, koja pron. adj. which 5 3A3, konobarica f waitress 11A2z
3A3z, 12A1z, 13A1z; kojim put em kontakt m; Gpl kontakata contact B.IV
[B,C,S] which way . 7A4 .; koja kontrolni adj. control [as in kontrolni zadatak
sluajnost what a coincidence! B .VII ; test; often used alone in the meaning test]
kojim sluajem by some chance B.V 10A2
koko f; Isg kokoju or kokoi Gpl kokoiju or konverzacijski adj. [B,C] conversation, con-
kokoi [B,C,S] chicken versational 16A3b
kokoka f; DLsg kokoki Gpl kokoaka or konverzacioni adj. [B,S] conversation, con-
kokoki [B,S] chicken versational 16A3b
kola n (pl form) car 7A2; kolima by car konvertabilna marka f convertible mark,
7A2 (abbr. KM), currency of Bosnia and
kola m; Gsg kolaa cake 13A1 Herzegovina
koled m college 6A2 konj m; Gsg konja Npl konji horse 4
kolega m; DLsg koleg i Npl kolege colleague kora f bark [e.g. on a tree] 19A1b
(m., general) 9A4 korak m; Npl koraci step, pace 16A1a
kolegica f [B,C] colleague (f.) 13A4 koren m; Npl koreni [E] root 19A1b see also
koleginica f [B,S] colleague (f.) 13A4 korenje
koleno n [E] 1. knee 10A4; 2. generation korenje n; coll. [E] roots for sg see koren
19A3b korijen m; Npl korijeni [J] root 19A1b see
koliko adv. how much, how many 5A1, also korijenje
4A4z; koliko god however much korijenje n; coll. [J] roots for sg see korijen
. 18A3 . koristan, korisna adj. useful, beneficial
kolodvor m [C] 1. railway station 5A3, 6A1z, 16A3b
. 9A3 .; 2. bus station, bus terminal . 9A3 . koristiti (I) to use 17A4 see also iskoristiti
kolovoz m [C] August 6A2, . 6A2 . koriti (I) to scold B .III
koljeno n [J] 1. knee 10A4; 2. generation kos m; Npl kosovi blackbird
19A3b kosa f hair 10A4
kome pron. (Dat-Loc) whom 6A2z, 7A1z Kosovo n Kosovo 1 , . 1 .
see under ko or tko kosovski adj. Kosovo 8A3
komu pron. (Dat) whom 4 kost f; Gsg kosti Isg kou or kosti bone 7A1,
see under ko or tko 7A1z
komad m; Gsg komada [B,C,S] piece 4A3 kostur m skeleton 17A3a
komarac m; Gsg komarca mosquito ko m; Npl koevi 1. basket [e.g. wastebasket,
komentar m; Gsg komentara commentary in basketball, etc.]
B.III koarka f; DLsg koarci Gpl koarki
komotan, komotna adj. comfortable 16A1a basketball [ = game]
kompjuter m [B,S] computer 7A4 koarkaki adj. basketball 12A2
kompjutor m [C] computer 7A4 kotati (I) to cost 16A3a
408
koulja f shirt 11A1 kucanje knocking B .VIII
krai adj. shorter 11A2z see kratak kucati see kucnuti
kraj m; Gsg kraja Npl krajevi 1. end 7A4 ; kucnuti, kucnem (P); kucati (I) to knock
2. region 14A2 kua f house 5A1 ; kod kue [B,C,S] at
kraj prep. + Gen beside, next to, at the side of home 5C1; kui [B,C,S] [toward] home
13A4 9A2
kralj m; Gsg kralja Npl kraljevi king 13A3 kuica f little house 18A1a
kraljica f queen kuni adj. home, domestic; kuna nega [E]
kraljevi m prince B.VIII kuna njega [J] home care 20.I
kratak, kratka adj. short, brief 3A3, 5A1 z, kud, kuda adv. [B,C,S] where to 5A1 , 5A1z,
11A2z . 7.A4 .
kratko adv. briefly kuhar m [B,C] cook (m., general) 11A2,
krcat adj. packed, crowded 16A1a 11A2z
kreker m cracker 4A3 kuharica f [B,C] cook (f.) 11A2z
krenuti, krenem (P) to go, set out 6; kuhati (I); skuhati (P) [B,C] 1. to cook 6A4 ;
kretati, kreem (I) to get moving 9A2, 2. to boil 14A1
10A1z kuhinja f kitchen 16A1b
kretati see under krenuti kukati (I) to moan, to keen 19A3a
krevet m bed 12A1 kukavica f 1. cuckoo bird; 2. coward 19A3a
kritika f; DLsg kritici 1. criticism; 2. literary kukaviluk m cowardice
review 18A3 kukuruz m corn
kriv, kriva; krivi adj. 1. guilty 20.VI; kula f tower 19A3a
2. wrong 18A2b; 3. curved kultura f culture 18A3 ; fizika kultura or
krivac m; Gsg krivca culprit 20.II fiskultura [B,C,S] physical education 13B3
krivlji adj. 1. more curved 2. more wrong see kulturan, kulturna adj. cultural 19A3b
kriv kum m; Gsg kuma Npl kumovi 1. godfather;
krivnja f guilt 20.VII 2. best man at wedding B .VIII, . B.VIII .
krompir m; Gsg krompira [B,S] potato; kuma f 1. godmother; 2. maid or matron of
krompir pire mashed potatoes honor at wedding B .VIII, . B.VIII .
kronika f DLsg kronici [C] chronicle 11A3, kume n infant being baptised . B.VIII .
. 14A3 .
kuna f currency of Croatia . 12A2 .
kronja f; Gpl kroanja or kronji treetop
kupalite n swimming place, beach 16A3b
A.III
kupaonica f [C] bathroom 16A1b
krov m; Gsg krova Npl krovovi roof
kupati, kupam, kupaju (I) to bathe [someone
kroz (also kroza 16A2a) prep. + Acc through
or something]; kupati se, kupam se, kupaju
5 3A2
se (I) 1. to go swimming; 2. to bathe
krpa f; Gpl krpa 1. dishtowel; 2. rag A.VI
16A3a
kr m karst, barren landscape 17A3a
kupatilo n [B,S] bathroom 16A1b
kranin m; Npl krani [C] Christian (m.,
kupiti, kupim (P) to buy; kupovati, kupujem
general)
(I) to buy 6 2A3, 2A3z, 7A3z,
kranka f; DLsg kranki Gpl kranki [C] 10A1z
Christian (f.) kupovati see under kupiti
kranski adj. [C] Christian 19A3b kupovina f shopping 12A2
kranstvo n [C] Christianity kupus m [B,C,S] cabbage
kriti, krim (I) to violate or to break [e.g. the kurs m; Npl kursevi [B,S] course [e.g. lan-
law] 19A2b guage] 16A2b
krui adj. more rigid see krut kut m; Npl kutovi [C] angle
krug m; Npl krugovi circle kuvar f [S] cook (m., general) 11A2, 11A2z
kruh m; Npl kruhovi [B,C] bread 4A3 kuvarica f [S] cook (f.) 11A2z
krumpir m; Gsg krumpira [C] potato; pire kuvati (I); skuvati (P) [S] 1. to cook 6A4;
krumpir mashed potatoes 2. to boil 14A1
kruka f; DLsg kruci Gpl kruaka pear 4A3 kuiti, kuim (I); skuiti, skuim (P) [B,C]
krut, kruta; kruti adj. stiff, unbending. colloq. to understand, to catch on
kruiti, kruim (I) to circle 6A1 see also za- kvadrat m; Gsg kvadrata [geometric] square;
okruiti na kvadrat squared (mathematics)
krv f; Gsg krvi Isg krvlju or krvi blood kvar m; Npl kvarovi damage; u kvaru out
409
of order polet im; poletio, poletjela (P) [J] to take
kvariti, kvarim (I); pokvariti, pokvarim (P) off, to fly off 15A1
to ruin, to spoil B .VII letnji adj. [E] summer 6A2
leto n [E] summer 9A1 ; leti adv. in summer;
L letos adv. this summer; na leto in the
laboratorij m [C] laboratory; jezini labor- summer
atorij language laboratory 7A4, 7A4 z levi adj. [E] left [ = not right] 13A4
laboratorija [B,S] laboratory; jezika labor- leaj m bed 20 .IV
atorija language laboratory 7A4, 7A4z leati, leim (I) to be lying down 11A4,
lagan adj. light (in weight) 19A3a 11A4z
lagati, laem (I) 19A2a; slagati, slaem (P) to li question particle 1A2, 9A2z, 10A2z
lie, to tell a falsehood lice n 1. face; 2. person [B,S] 9A2
lahak, lahka; lahki adj. [B] 1. light [ = not licemerje n [E] hypocrisy
heavy] 2A2, . 2A2 .; 2. easy licemjerje n [J] hypocrisy
lak, laka; laki adj. [B,C,S] 1. light [ = not lian, lina adj. [B,S] personal
heavy] 2A2, . 2A2 .; 2. easy; laku no liiti, liim (na) + Acc (I) [B,S] to resemble
good night (Asg in elim ti [or vam] laku 20.VI
no) 3A2, . 3A2 . linost f; Gsg linosti Isg -ou or -osti
lak m; Npl lakovi lacquer, varnish personality 18A3
lakat m; Gsg lakta Npl laktovi elbow 10A4 lijenica f [J] [C] doctor (f.) 5A3, 11A2z
laki adj. easier, lighter 11A2z see lak lijenik m; Npl lijenici [J] [C] doctor (m.,
lala f [S] tulip A.IV general) 11A2z
lampa f; Gpl lampi lamp 8A4 lijen adj. [J] [B,C] lazy 16A1a; ne budi lijen
lastavica f swallow [ = bird] 19A3a [B,C] not being lazy, being alert 16A1a
latinoameriki adj. Latin American B.I lijep, lijepa; lijepi adj. [J] beautiful, nice 2A2;
lav m; Npl lavovi lion 8A1 lijepo nicely, fine; hvala lijepo [J] [B/S]
la f; Gsg lai Isg laju or lai lie, falsehood hvala lijepa [J] [C] thanks so much 2A4
10A3 lijevi adj. [J] left [ = not right] 13A4
laan, lana adj. lying, false 19A2a lik m; Npl likovi character, figure 10A3
laljiv adj. fake, deceptive 17A1a limun m lemon 7A1
lebdeti, lebdim (I) [E] to float 20.II limunada f 1. lemonade 4A3; 2. sentimental
lebdjeti, lebdim; lebdio, lebdjela (I) [J] to film or television show [B,S only] 7A3
float 20.II lingvistika f; DLsg lingvistici linguistics 13B3
lei, legnem; legao, legla (P) to lie down lipanj m; Gsg lipnja [C] June 6A2, . 6A2 .
11A4z lirski adj. lyrical 19A2b
led m; Gsg leda ice 4A3 lisje see lie
lea n (pl form) back [ = body part] 10A4 list m; Npl listovi leaf [of tree] see also lie
lekar m; Gsg lekara [E] doctor (m., general) list m; Npl listovi leaf [ = sheet of paper]
11A2z lista f list 16A3b
lekarka f; Gpl lekarki [E] doctor (f.) 5A3, listopad m [C] October 6A2
11A2z lie n; coll. leaves 11A2z; lisje (archaic)
lekcija f lesson 1A1 18A1a for sg see list
lenj, lenja adj. [S] lazy 16A1a; ne budi lenj liti, lijem (I) to pour 14 see also odliti,
[S] not being lazy, being alert 16A1a preliti
lep, lepa; lepi adj. [E] beautiful, nice 2A2 , lokacija f location 6A1
5A1z, 8A1z, 11A2z; lepo nicely, fine; lokal m; Gsg lokala bar, neighborhood hangout
hvala lepo thanks so much 2A4 12A2
lepot ica f [E] a beauty 17A1a London m; Gsg Londona London 4A1,
lepi adj. nicer, more beautiful 11A2z see 4A1z
lep lopov m; Gsg lopova thief, robber, rascal
leptir m butterfly; leptir mana bow tie 11A2z
leinar f vulture 20.V lopta f; Gpl lopti ball 5C1
letenje n flying 15A1 lo, loa; loi adj. [B,C,S] bad 4
leteti (I) to fly; polet eti (P) [E] to take off, to 2A2, . 2A2 .; 3A1z, 11A1z
fly off 15A1 loe adv. badly 3A1
letjeti, letim; let io, letjela (I) to fly; poletjeti, lud, luda adj. mad, crazy; on je lud za tobom
410
hes crazy about you B.V maka f; DLsg maki Gpl maaka or maki
lui adj. crazier see lud cat 1A2, 14A1z
luk n; Npl lukovi onion; mladi luk spring mada conj. although 16A3b
onion, scallion; beli luk [E] bijeli luk [J] Maarska f (adj. form) Hungary 1, . 6 .
[B/S] garlic magarac m; Gsg magarca donkey
luka f; DLsg luci port; zrana luka [C] air- magistarski adj. masters; mag istarski rad
port B.III masters thesis 16A2a
lukav adj. clever, sly 20.V magla f fog, mist 14A4
lupiti se (P); lupati se, lupam se, lupaju se (I) mahnuti, mahnem (P) 20.VIII; mahati, maem
to strike oneself, to hit oneself [e.g. on the (I) to wave
forehead] A .V see zalupiti maj m [B,S] May 6A2, . 6A2 .
lutka f; Gpl lutaka or lutki doll 9A2z majka f; DLsg majci Gpl majka or majki
mother 2A3, 5A1z, 9A2z
LJ majmun m monkey 2A3
ljekar m; Gsg ljekara [J] [B/S] doctor (m., makar adv. at least
general) 11A2z makar conj. even if, although 13A2
ljekarka f; DLsg ljekarki Gpl ljekarki [J] [B/S] Makedonac m; Gsg Makedonca Macedonian
doctor (f.) 5A3, 11A2z (m., general)
ljepotica f [J] a beauty 17A1a Makedonija f Macedonia 1
ljepi adj. nicer, more beautiful 11A2z see Makedonka f; DLsg Makedonki Gpl
lijep Makedonki Macedonian (f.)
ljetni adj. [J] summer 6A2 malen, malena; maleni adj. small, little 20.V
ljeto n [J] summer 9A1; ljeti adv. in sum- mali adj. small, little 2A2, 2A3z, 8A1z,
mer; ljetos adv. this summer; na ljeto in 11A1z, 11A2z; mala matura elementary
the summer school graduation
ljubak, ljupka adj. cute 15A1
mali m; adj. form little boy . B.VIII .
ljubav f; Gsg ljubavi Isg ljubavlju or ljubavi
mala f; adj. form little girl
Voc ljubavi love 4 3A2, 3A2z,
malo adv. a little, somewhat 5A1
4A1z, 8A1z
maloletan, maloletna adj. [E] underage, juve-
ljubavni adj. love, amorous, romantic 18A2b
nile B .VIII
ljubazan, ljubazna adj. kind, friendly,
maloljetan, maloljetna adj. [J] underage, juve-
thoughtful 13A1
nile B .VIII
ljubi m [B,C] romantic comedy 7A3
mama f mama, Mom 9A4
ljubiast adj. violet, purple
mamin adj. mama's 4
ljubimac m; Gsg ljubimca favorite 15A1
manastir m [Orthodox] monastery 16A3b
ljubiti, ljubim (I); poljubiti, poljubim (P) 1. to
manje adv. less 11A2, 11A2z; manje vie
kiss; 2. to love B.VIII
more or less see malo
ljui adj. 1. angrier 2. spicier see ljut
manji adj. 1. smaller; 2. less 11A2 see mali
ljudi m (pl only) Acc ljude Gen ljudi 1. people;
manjkati (I/P) to lack, to be short of
2. men 3A1, 3A1z, 3A2z for sg see ovek
maramica f handkerchief A.VII
[E] ovjek [J]
marka f; DLsg marki; Gpl maraka 1. stamp
ljudski adj. human 18A1; ljudska prava
2A4; 2. former currency of Germany;
human rights
konvertabilna marka f convertible mark,
ljut, ljuta; ljuti adj. 1. angry 10A3; 2. spicy
(abbr. KM), currency of Bosnia and
6A4
Herzegovina
ljutit adj. angry
ljutiti, ljutim (I); naljutiti, naljutim (P) to an- mart m [B,S] March 6A2, . 6A2 .
ger maslac m; Gsg maslaca [B,C,S] butter 7A1
ljutiti se, ljutim se [na + Acc] (I) B .VIII to mainstvo n [B,S] mechanical engineering
13B3
be angry [at] see naljut iti se
mana f; Gpl mani bow; leptir mana bow
M tie
ma conj. but 7A3; ma nemoj you dont say matematiar m mathematician 11A3
7A3; ma ta [B,S] ma to [C] no matter matematika f; DLsg matemat ici mathematics
what 20.VI; ma, daj! come on, youve got 3A2
to be kidding 7A3 materijal m; Gsg materijala 1. material;
2. documents 13A3
411
materijalan, materijalna adj. material 20.VI mi pron. (clitic) (Dat) me 6A3, 6A3z,
matiar m justice of the peace; registrar 6A4z, 7A1z, 7A3z ,11A2z
B.VIII see under ja
matura f secondary school graduation, B .IV ; mijenjati, mijenjam, mijenjaju (I); promijen-
mala matura elementary school graduation iti, promijenim (P) [J] to change 20 .II
me pron. (clitic) mijeati, mijeam, mijeaju (I); izmijeati, iz-
(Acc-Gen) me 2A1 , 2A1z, 6A3z mijeam, izmijeaju (P) [J] to stir up, to mix
see under ja 14A1
me m; Npl meevi match, [soccer] game milijarda num; Gpl milijardi billion;
12A2 milijardu one billion
med m; Gsg meda honey 7A1; medeni milijun num; Gsg milijuna [B,C] million
mesec [E] medeni mjesec [J] honeymoon (1,000,000) 17A2a, 12A1z
B.VIII milion num; Gsg miliona [B,S] million
medicina f medicine 13B3 (1,000,000) 17A2a, 12A1z
medicinska sestra nurse (f.) 11A2z milosrdan, milosrdna adj. merciful 19A2a
medved m [E] bear 2A3 milosre n mercy 19A2a
medvjed m [J] bear 2A3 milost f; Gsg milosti Isg -ou or -osti mercy
meu prep. + Instr among, between 8A4z 10A3
meusoban, meusobna adj. mutual B.IV mineralni adj. mineral; mineralna voda
meutim adv. however 12A2 mineral water, sparkling water 4A3
mehaniar m [B,C] mechanic 11A2z ministar m; Gsg ministra government minister
mek adj. soft 19A3a, 11A2z (m., general) 11A2z
meksiki adj. Mexican B .II ministrica f [C] government minister (f.)
Meksikanac m; Gsg Meksikanca Mexican 11A2z
(m., general) minut m; Gsg minuta [B,S] minute 9A4
Meksikanka f; DLsg Meksikanki Gpl minuta f [C] minute 9A4
Meksikanki Mexican (f.) mio, mila adj. pleasant, nice, dear, charming
meki adj. softer 11A2z see mek mir m [B,C,S] peace, tranquility 7A3; pusti
mene pron. (Acc-Gen) me 2A1, 2A2z, 6A3z, me na miru leave me be, leave me alone
7A1z see under ja 7A3
meni pron. (Dat-Loc) me 6A3 , 6A3z, 7A1z miran, mirna adj. peaceful, calm, quiet 8A2
see under ja miris m smell, fragrance 20.II
menjati, menjam, menjaju (I); promeniti, pro- mirisati, mirie (I) (3rd person only) to smell
menim (P) [E] to change 20.II fragrantly
mera f [E] measurement, measure misao f; Gsg misli Isg milju or misli thought
mesar m; Gsg mesa ra [B,C,S] butcher 4 18A2
11A2z misaon adj. thought-related, contemplative,
mesec m; Gpl meseci [E] 1. month 6A2, thoughtful 15A1
. 6A2 .; 2. moon 6A1 ; mesec dana [for] misliti (I); pomisliti (P) 1. to think 3A1,
a month 9A1, 6A2z; mesecima for 10A4z; misliti na (I) + Acc to think of
months; medeni mesec B.VIII 3A1; 2. to mean [as in mislim ... I mean ...
B.IV] see izmisliti, razmisliti, smisliti,
meso n meat 6A4
mesto n [E] 1. place, spot 10; town, settled zamisliti
area 14A2; radno mesto job, place of em- mi m; Npl mievi mouse 8A1; slepi mi [E]
ployment 11A4 slijepi mi [J] bat
meati, meam, meaju (I); izmeati, izmeam, miljenje n opinion 10A4, 10A4z; po mom
izmeaju (P) [E] to stir up, to mix 14A1 miljenju in my opinion 10A4
metar, metra m meter B.I mjera f [J] measurement, measure
met riki adj. metric, metrical 19A3b mjesec m; Gpl mjeseci [J] 1. month 6A2;
mi pron. we 4 1A3, 2A1z, 6A3z, 2. moon 6A1, . 6A2 .; mjesec dana [for] a
6A4z, 7A1z month 9A1; medeni mjesec [J]
(Acc-Gen) nas 2A2z, nas 2A2z honeymoon B.VIII; mjesecima for
(Dat) nama, nam, nam 6A3 z months;
(Loc) nama, nam 6A3z mjesto n [J] 1. place, spot 10; town, settled
(Instr) nama 7A1z area 14A2; radno mjesto job, place of em-
for sg see ja ployment 11A4
412
mlad, mlada; mladi adj. young 7A2, 5A1z, 12A2z
11A2z; mlada f; adj. form bride B.VIII mome n lad, boy 12A2z
mladi m; Gsg mladia boy, young man 8A1 momenat m; Gsg momenta Gpl momenata
mladost f; Gsg mladosti Isg -ou or -osti [B,S] moment 3A2, 5A4z, 6A1z
youth moment m; Gpl momenata [B,C] moment
mladoenja m; Npl mladoenje bridegroom 3A2
B.VIII momentalno adv. [B,S] at the moment 16A2a
mlai adj. younger 11A2z see mlad monarhija f monarchy 18A3
mleko n [E] milk 4A3; kiselo mleko yo- monoton adj. monotonous 18A1a
gurt-like beverage 7A1 morati, moram, moraju (I) must, to be
mleti, meljem (I); samleti, sameljem (P) [E] to obliged, to have to 2A1, 7A2z, 13A1z
grind 14A1 more n sea 1; polarno more Arctic (or
mlijeko n [J] milk 4A3; kiselo mlijeko yo- Antarctic) Ocean 15A1, 7A1z
gurt-like beverage 7A1 moriti (P) to torment, to trouble 15A1
mljeti; meljem (I); samljeti, sameljem (P) [J] Moskva f Moscow 4A1
to grind 14A1 most m; Npl mostovi [B,C,S] bridge
mnogi adj. 1. many; 2. many a 6A4 motocikl m; Gpl motocikala motorcycle 7A2
mnogo adv. many, much, a lot 5A1 , 10A2z, motriti (I) to observe 18A1a
11A2z mozaik m mosaic 20.II
mnom pron. me (Instr) 7A1, 7A1z moda adv. perhaps, maybe 9A3
see under ja moe unchanging form sure! OK 2A1 see
mnotvo n; Gpl mnotava multitude 20.VII under moi
mnoiti (I) to multiply 12A1, 12A1z mraan, mrana; mrani adj. dark, gloomy
mobitel m cellular phone 18A1a
moan, mona adj. powerful 19A2b mrak m darkness 14A2
mo f; Gsg moi Isg moi or mou power, mrav m; Npl mravi Gpl mravi or mrava ant
might mreti, mrem (P) [E] (archaic) to die 18A1a
moi (I) to be able to 2A4 , 2A4z, 10A1z, see umreti
10A2z, . 13B1 .; mogu, moe, moe, mrijeti; mrem (P) [J] (archaic) to die 18A1a
moemo, moete, mogu; mogao, mogla; see umrijeti
moe 3rd sg sure! OK 2A1 mrk adj. gloomy 18A1a
moderan, moderna adj. 1. modern; 2. pertain- mrkva f; Gpl mrkvi [B,C] carrot
ing to the period that spans the early and mid- mrtav, mrtva; mrtvi adj. dead
20th century 18A3 mrnja f hatred
mogue adv. possible 11A3 mu pron. (clitic) (Dat) 1. him; 2. it 6A3,
mogui adj. possible 12A1z 6A3z, 6A4z, 10A2z see under on
mogunost f; Gsg mogunosti Isg -ou or -osti muan, muna; muni adj. agonizing 20.VI
possibility 16A1a muiti torment, torture
moj, moje, moja pron. adj. my, mine 4 muiti se 1. struggle; 2. have trouble
1A2, 6A4z mudar, mudra; mudri adj. wise 8A1,
mokar, mokra adj. wet 18A1a . 8A1 .
mokraa f urine muha f; DLsg muhi [C] fly [ = insect]
molba f; Gpl molbi request, application, peti- muk m silence
tion 16A2a muka f; DLsg muci 1. torment, torture;
moliti, molim (I) to pray, to plead 17A3a 2. nausea
molim please 2A4 musliman m; Gpl muslimana adherent of
molim? yes? 2A1 Islam (m., general)
molim! 1. youre welcome [in response to thank Musliman m; Gpl Muslimana member of
you] 2A4; 2. thats OK, think nothing of it former Yugoslav ethnic group now known as
[in response to an apology] Bosniaks (m., general)
moliti, molim (I) 2A4; zamoliti, zamolim (P) muslimanka f; DLsg muslimanki Gpl
13A1 to ask for, to request muslimanki adherent of Islam (f.)
momak m; Gsg momka Npl momci Gpl Muslimanka f; DLsg Muslimanki Gpl
momaka young man, lad 4A1, 5A1z, Muslimanki member of former Yugoslav
8A1z ethnic group now known as Bosniaks (f.)
momad f; Gsg momadi Isg momadi team muslimanski adj. Muslim 19A3b
413
mukarac m; Gsg mukarca man 3A1 nadiv eti, nadivim (P) [E] to outlive 18A3
muki adj. male, masculine 10A3 see iveti
muterija m or f customer, client 13A2 nadivjeti, nadivim; nadivio, nadivjela (P)
muva f; DLsg muv i [B,S] fly [ = insect] [J] to outlive 18A3 see ivjeti
muzej m; Gsg muzeja museum 5A4 nagao, nagla adj. sudden, abrupt 20 .VI
muziar m [B,C,S] musician (m., general) nagovarati nagovaram, nagovaraju (I) to
11A2z urge see also nagovoriti
muziarka f DLsg muziarki Gpl muziarki nagovestiti, nagovestim (P) 16A3b; nagovet-
[B,S] musician (f.) 11A2z avati, nagovetavam, nagovetavaju (I) [E]
muziki adj. [B,C,S] musical 16A3b to hint, to alert
muzika f; DLsg muzici [B,C,S] music 7A4 nagovijestiti, nagovijestim (P) 16A3b; nago-
mu m; Isg muem Npl muevi husband 4 vjetavati, nagovjetavam, nagovjetavaju
7A2, 7A1z (I) [J] to hint, to alert
N nagovoriti, nagovorim (P) 20.VI to convince
na prep. + Loc on, at 5 6A1, 6A1z see also nagovarati
na prep. + Acc to, onto 5 5A1, 5A2z, nagrada f prize B.II; nagradna igra
9A1z, . 3A3 .; bez obzira na + Acc competition for a prize B .II
regardless 9A4; izai na pie go out for a naii, naiem; naiao (na) (P) 14A2; nailaziti
drink B.VII; liiti na to resemble (na) (I) to happen upon see ii
A.III; na jesen in the autumn 9A3 ; na nailaziti see under naii
leto [E] na ljeto [J] in the summer; na naime adv. namely 15A1
prolee [E] na prolee [J] in the spring; najaviti, najavim (P) B .V; najavljivati,
na zimu in the winter; na taj nain (in) najavljujem (I) to announce
that way 10A4; na alost unfortunately najbolje adv. best, the best 5C1, 11A1z
12A3; na primer [E] na primjer [J] for najeiti se, najeim se (P) to get goose bumps
example 11A3; misliti na + Acc to think of 20.VIII
3A1; pada [mi] na pamet it occurs [to me] najpre adv.[E] first of all 16A2a
11A4; paziti na + Acc to watch out for, to najprije adv. [J] first of all 16A2a
care for B .VIII najvie adv. most, the most 11A1
nabaviti (P) 16A1a; nabavljati (I) to obtain, najzad adv. finally, at the end 5C1
to procure nakititi see under kititi
nacionalni adj. national 16A2a naklada f [C] edition, publication 20 .V
nacrtati see under crtati nakon prep. + Gen after 5 12A2,
nain m way, manner 10A4 ; na taj nain 11A1z; nakon toga to conj. after 13A4z
(in) that way 10A4 nalaz m finding, result 20.III
nai, naem; naao, nala (P) 12A2, 9A2z, nalaziti see under nai
10A1z; nalaziti (I) to find nalaziti se (I) to be located 6A1, 9A2z,
nai se, naem se; naao se, nala se (P) 1. to 15A1z see under nai se
meet [with]; 2. to find oneself 10A1; nalet m gust [e.g. of wind] 14A2
nalaziti se (I) see ii naliti, nalijem; nalio, nalila (P) 11A1z;
nad prep. + Instr over, above 5 8A1, nalivati (I) to pour
7A2z, 8A4z naljutiti, naljutim (P) to anger see ljut iti
nad prep. + Acc [moving to a position] over, naljutiti se, naljutim se [na + Acc] (P) to get
above 5 angry [at] see ljutiti se
nada f hope 16A3a nam pron. (clitic) (Dat) us 6A3, 6A3z,
nadati se, nadam se, nadaju se (I) to hope 7A1z see under mi
14A2 nama pron. (Dat-Loc) us 6A3 ; (Instr) us
nadimak m; Gsg nadimka nickname 18A3 7A1, 6A3z, 7A1z, 7A3z see under mi
nadovezati, nadoveem (P); nadovezivati, nameravati, nameravam, nameravaju (I) [E]
nadovezujem (I) to add on B .VIII see to intend 11A3
also vezati nametaj m [E] furniture 12A1
nadvladati, nadvladam, nadvladaju (P); nad- namjeravati, namjeravam, namjeravaju (I)
vlaivati, nadvlaujem (I) to overcome [J] to intend 11A3
20.III see also vladati namjetaj m [J] furniture 12A1
nadvojvoda m; Npl nadvojvode archduke napamet adv. by heart 10A3
12A4 napasti, napadnem; napao, napala (P) 12A4;
414
napadati (I) to attack nastavnica f teacher (f.) 11A2z
napisati see under pisati nastavnik m; Npl nastavnici teacher (m.,
napokon adv. finally 10A2 general) 11A2z
napolje adv. [B,S] out, outside nasuprot prep. + Dat. opposite, across from
napolju adv. [B,S] outside 5A4, 5A4z 5 8A4
naporan, naporna adj. strenuous, hard 12A2 na, nae, naa poss. pron. our, ours 4
naposletku adv. [E] finally 16A2b 1A2
naposljetku adv. [J] finally 16A2b naterati (P) [E] to force B.III
napraviti see under praviti natjerati (P) [J] to force B .III
napredak m; Gsg napretka progress B.III natkasna f; Gpl natkasni [B,S] bedside table,
naprotiv adv. on the contrary 20 .III nightstand 12A1
napuniti see under puniti natrag adv. back 14A2
napustiti, napustim (P) 15A1; naputati, na- nauiti, nauim (P) to learn 10A2, 9A2z,
putam, naputaju (I) 18A3 1. to abandon, 10A2z, see also uiti
to give up; 2. to leave see pustiti naunik m; Npl naunici [B,S] scientist, scho-
naputati see under napustiti lar 11A2z
narana f; Gpl narani [C] orange [ = fruit] nauka f; DLsg nauci [B,S] science, learning
4A3 11A3; politike nauke [B,S] political sci-
naranast adj. [C] orange [ = color] ence 13B3; prirodne nauke [B,S] natural
naranda f; Gpl narandi [B,S] orange sciences 13B3
[ = fruit] 4A3 navee adv. [B] in the evening 5A4
narandast adj. [B,S] orange [ = color] naveer adv. [C] in the evening 5A4
naravno adv. of course 7A1 navesti, navedem; naveo, navela (P); navoditi,
naredan, naredna adj. [B,S] next, following; navodim (I) 1. to state, to cite, to quote
narednog dana on the next day 20.VIII; 2. to lead, to induce B .III see
naroito adv. especially 10A4 voditi
narod m [ones] people, folk 17A2a, . 17A2a . navijati, navijam, navijaju (I) to root, to cheer
narodni adj. 1. national 7; 2. of the people, B.II
folk 19A3b; narodna pria folktale navratiti, navratim (P); navraati (I) to drop
B.VIII in, to stop in 12A2
naroguen adj. bristling 10A3 nazreti, nazrem (P) 19A2a; nazirati (I) to
naruiti, naruim (P); naruivati, naruujem catch sight of
(I) to order 10A1 nazvati, nazovem (P) 17C1, 12A4z; nazivati,
narudba f; Gpl narudbi or narudaba order nazivam, nazivaju (I) 19A1b to call see
[e.g. from a catalogue] zvati
nas pron. (clitic) (Acc-Gen) us 2A1, 6A3z, naalost or na alost unfortunately 12A3
7A1z see under mi ne part. no 1A2, 2A1z, 3A2z, 5A4z;
nas pron. (Acc-Gen) us 2A1, 6A3z, 7A1z not 2A1
see under mi nebo n; Npl neba or nebesa 1. sky 6A1,
nasilan, nasilna adj. violent 20.VII 6A1z; 2. heaven 17A2a
nasilje n violence neak m; Npl neaci nephew 20.II
naslednik m; Npl naslednici [E] heir 20.IV neaka f; DLsg neaki [S] niece
nasledstvo n [E] legacy, heritage 20.V neakinja f [B,C] niece
nasloniti (P); naslanjati (I) to lean, to rest neu, nee, nee, neemo, neete, nee [B,S]
20.III see under hteti or htjeti
naslov m title 17A3b ne u, ne e, ne e, ne emo, ne ete, ne e [C]
nasljednik m; Npl nasljednici [J] heir 20 .IV see under hteti or htjeti
nasljedstvo n [J] legacy, heritage 20.V nedelja f [E] 1. Sunday 2A1; 2. week 5A3,
nasmejati se, nasmejem se (P) [E] to laugh a 5A3z, 5A4z; nedeljom on Sundays 7A2
lot 20.VI see also smejati se nedeljni adj. [E] weekly 16A3a
nasmijati se, nasmijem se (P) [J] to laugh a lot nedjelja f [J] 1. Sunday 2A1 ; 2. week [J]
20.VI see also smijati se [B/S only] 5A3, 5A3z, 5A4z; nedjeljom
nastanak m; Gsg nastanka origin 17A4 on Sundays 7A2
nastaviti (P) 14A2; nastavljati (I) A .III to nedjeljni adj. [J] [B/S] weekly 16A3a
continue nedostajati, nedostajem (I) + Dat to miss [as
nastavljati see under nastaviti in oni nam nedostaju we miss them]
415
18A3, . 18A3 . nemiran, nemirna adj. restless 8A2
nedostatak m; Gsg nedostatka Npl nedostaci nemoj dont! 7A2 , 7A2z; ma nemoj! you
Gpl nedostataka lack, insufficiency dont say! 7A3; nemojte don't! 7A2z;
nedvosmislen adj. unambiguous 20 .VIII nemojmo lets not 7A3
negacija f negation 17C1 nena f [B] grandmother 5A3z, 8
negde adv. [E] somewhere 9A3z neobian, neobina adj. unusual 15A1
negdje adv. [J] somewhere 9A3z neovisnost f; Gsg neovisnosti Isg -ou or osti
nega f; DLsg nezi [E] care; kuna nega [C] non-dependency
home care 20.I neozbiljan, neozbiljna adj. 1. not serious;
nego conj. 1. but, rather 2A1 ; 2. than 11A2, 2. frivolous, silly 3A3
11A2z, 13A4z; pre nego to [E] prije neposredan, neposredna adj. [B,C,S] direct,
nego to [J] conj. before 20.V immediate 16A2b
nego ta excl. [B,S] of course! 11A4 neprijatan, neprijatna adj. [B,S] unpleasant
nego to excl. [C] of course! 11A4 9A2
negoli conj. than; prije negoli conj. before nepristojan, nepristojna adj. impolite
20.V nervirati se, nerviram se, nerviraju se (I) to
neimenovan adj. unnamed 19A2b be irritated, to be angry 11
neizmeran, neizmerna adj. [E] immeasurable see iznerviriti se
20.VIII neskroman, neskromna adj. immodest 13
neizmjeran, neizmjerna adj. [J] immeasurable nesrea f 1. unhappiness; 2. accident 7A2;
20.VIII prometna nesrea [C only] saobraajna
neizvesnost f; Gsg neizvesnosti Isg -ou or nesrea [B,S] traffic accident
-osti [E] uncertainty 11A4 nestanak m; Gsg nestanka disappearance
neizvjesnost f; Gsg neizvjesnosti Isg -ou or 17A4
-osti [J] uncertainty 11A4 nestati, nestanem (P) 14A4 ; nestajati, nes-
nejestiv adj. inedible 20.I tajem (I) 19A1a to disappear see stati
neka, nek let (used with 3rd person verbs) [as nestrpljenje n impatience 8A2
in neka piu let them write] 7A3, 7A3z neto pron. something 4A3, 9A3z
nekada adv. 1. once [in the past] 16A1b; (Gen) neeg[a]
2. sometimes (Dat-Loc) neem[u]
nekakav, nekakvo, nekakva pron. adj. some (Instr) neim
kind of 16A1a neto adv. somewhat B.V
nekako adv. somehow B.II nesvren adj. 1. imperfective; 2. incomplete;
neki, neko, nek pron. adj. some, any, nesvren vid imperfective aspect
a certain 4 3A3 ; nekih pedesetak netaktian, netaktina adj. tactless 20.IV
fifty-some, fifty-odd, roughly fifty 13A3 ; u netko pron. [C] someone 4 9A3, 9A3z
neku ruku in a sense, in a way 7A2 (Acc-Gen) nekog, nekoga
neko pron. [B,S] someone 4 9A3, 9A3z (Dat-Loc) nekom, nekome
(Acc-Gen) nekog, nekoga (Instr) nekim
(Dat-Loc) nekom, nekome netremice adv. without blinking B .VII
(Instr) nekim neugodan, neugodna adj. [B,C] uncomfortable
nekolicina f several, a few [seen as a unit] 9A2
19A2b neuredan, neuredna adj. messy, untidy 9A2
nekoliko adv. several, a few 6 neutralan, neutralna adj. neutral
nema unchanging form there is/are none 4A2, neuverljiv adj. [E] unconvincing 20 .I
4A2z, 10A1z neuvjerljiv adj. [J] unconvincing 20.I
Nemac m; Gsg Nemca [E] German (m., nevet adj. [E] 1. awkward, clumsy; 2. unwit-
general) ting B.IV
Nemaka f; adj. form Germany 4A1 nevjet adj. [J] 1. awkward, clumsy; 2. unwit-
nemaki adj. [E] German 2A4 ting B.IV
nemati, nemam, nemaju (I) not to have 2A1, nevoljan, nevoljna adj. listless 9
4A1z, 5A2z; ako nemate nita protiv (I) nevolja f trouble 19A3a
if you have no objections 13A4 ; nemam nevreme n; Gsg nevremena Npl nevremena
pojma I have no idea 13A3 Gpl nevremena [E] foul weather, storm
Nemica f [E] German (f.) 14A2
nemir m restlessness, agitation 18A1a nevrijeme n; Gsg nevremena Npl nevremena
416
Gpl nevremena [J] foul weather, storm noas 1. tonight, this very night; 2. last night
14A2 13A3
New York m [B,C] New York 4A1 noni adj. night, nocturnal; noni ormari
Nezavisna Drava Hrvatska [NDH] Indepen- [B,C] bedside table, nightstand 12A1
dent State of Croatia (1941-1944) 18A3 noga f; Asg nogu DLsg nozi Gpl nogu 1. leg;
nezavisnost f; Gsg nezavisnosti Isg -ou or 2. foot 10A3, . 10A4 .; s nogu while
-osti independence 12A4, 12A4z standing 12A2
nezgodan, nezgodna adj. awkward B.II nogomet m [B,C] soccer A.I
neznanje n ignorance 11 nogometa m; Gsg nogometaa [B,C] soccer
nean, nena adj. [E] tender, gentle 19A1a player B.IV
ni part. not, neither, either 7A1; ni ... ni nogometni adj. [B,C] soccer; nogometni klub
neither ... nor... 11A3, 5A4z; ni. .. ni ... ni soccer team B.I
not ... or ... or 7A1; ni toliko not even that nos m; Gsg nosa Npl nosovi nose 10A4
much A .VII nositi, nosim (I) to carry 6 5C1, 7A2z,
niiji, niija pron.adj. no ones; niija zemlja 7A3z, 10A4z see also izneti [E] iznijeti
no mans land 16A1a [J], odneti [E] odnijeti [J], poneti [E] po-
nigde adv. [E] nowhere 9A3z nijeti [J], preneti [E] prenijeti [J],
nigdje adv. [J] nowhere 9A3z pridoneti [E] pridonijeti [J], prineti [E]
nijedan, nijedna adj. not a single one 15A2 prinijeti [J], uneti [E] unijeti [J]
nijednom adv. not once, never 14A2 see nov, nova; novi adj. new 4A1, 4A1z; Novi
jednom zavet [E] Novi zavjet [J] New Testament
Nijemac m; Gsg Nijemca [J] German (m., novac m; Gsg novca money 5A2
general) novembar m; Gsg novembra [B,S] November
nikad, nikada adv. never 7A1 ; nikad se ne 6A2, . 6A2 .
zna you never know, one never knows novinar m journalist (m., general) 11A2z
11A4 novinarka f; DLsg novinarki Gpl novinarki
niko pron. [B,S] no one 9A3, 5A4z, 9A3z journalist (f.)
(Acc-Gen) nikog, nikoga novine f (pl form) newspaper 3A3
(Dat-Loc) nikom, nikome novinski adj. pertaining to news; novinski
(Instr) nikim lanak newspaper article 18A3
nisam, nisi, nij e, nismo, niste, nisu see under no m; Gsg noa Isg noem Npl noevi knife
biti noni adj. leg, foot; noni palac big toe
nita pron. nothing 4 4A3, 5A4z, 9A3z 10A4
(Gen) nieg, niega npr. abbr. for na primer [E] na primjer [J]
(Dat-Loc) niem, niemu 11A3
(Instr) niim nuditi (I); ponuditi (P) 13A1 to offer
ako nemate nita protiv if you have no nula num. zero
objections 13A4; ama ba nita not a nuan, nuna adj. necessary 20.III
single thing 15A2; nita za to it doesnt
matter, its nothing 12A3 NJ
niti conj. neither 5C1; niti ... niti neither ... nje pron. (Gen) 1. her; 2. it 6A3z
nor 5C1, 5A4z see under ona
nitko pron. [C] no one 9A3, 5A4z, 9A3z njega f; DLsg njezi [J] care; kuna njega
(Acc-Gen) nikog, nikoga home care 20.I
(Dat-Loc) nikom, nikome njega pron. (Acc-Gen) 1. him; 2. it 2A2,
(Instr) nikim 6A3z see under on, ono
nivo m; Gsg nivoa [B,C,S] 1. level; 2. plane njegov, njegovo, njegova pron. adj. 1. his;
19A1b 2. its 4 1A2, 2A3z, 4A2z
nizak, niska; niski adj. 1. low, short [in sta- Njemaka f [J] Germany 4A1
ture] 2A2, 11A2z; 2. base, mean njemaki adj. [J] German 4A4
nizvodno adv. downstream 20.VIII Njemica f [J] German (f.)
nii adj. lower, shorter 11A2z see nizak njemu pron. (Dat-Loc) 1. him; 2. it 6A3,
no conj. be that as it may, but, anyway 15A1 6A3z see under on, ono
no f; Gsg noi Isg noi or nou night 4 njen, njeno, njena pron. adj. [B,C,S] 1. her,
3A2; laku no good night 3A2 see also hers; 2. its 1A2 , . 2A2 . , 4A2z
noas, sino njezin, njezino, njezina pron. adj. [C] 1. her,
417
hers; 2. its 1A2 , . 2A2 . , 4A2z family 9A1
njean, njena adj. [J] tender, gentle 19A1a obiteljski adj. [C] family, familial 12A3
njih pron. (Acc-Gen) them 2A2, 6A3z see objasniti, objasnim (P); objanjavati, obja-
under oni, ona, one njavam, objanjavaju (I) to explain 10A3,
njihov, njihovo, njihova pron. adj. their, theirs 10A4z
1A2, 3A1z, 4A2z objanjenje n explanation 20.VIII, 10A4z
njim or njime pron. (Instr) 1. him; 2. it objaviti, objavim (P); objavljivati, objavlju-
7A1z see under on, ono jem (I) 1. to declare, to announce B .I;
njima pron. (Dat-Loc-Instr) them 6A3z 2. to publish 17A4
see under oni objavljivanje n declaration, publication 18A3
njiva f plowed field 18A1a objavljivati see under objaviti
njoj pron. (Dat-Loc) 1. her; 2. it 6A3 obje num. (with f noun) [J] both 4A4, 4A3z
see under ona objektivan, objektivna adj. objective 13
njom pron. (Instr) 1. her; 2. it 7A1, 6A3 z oblak m; Npl oblaci cloud 10A3
see under ona oblik m; Npl oblici shape, form 15A2;
nju pron. (Acc) 1. her; 2. it 2A2, 6A3 z oblije n; archaic shape, form 17C1
see under ona oblinji adj. nearby, proximate 12A2
Njujork m [B,S] New York 4A1 obnavljati see under obnoviti
obnoviti, obnovim (P) 15A1 ; obnavljati, ob-
O navljam, obnavljaju (I) 16A3a to renew
o prep. + Loc about, concerning 5 6A2 ; oboleti, obolim (P) 18A3 ; obolevati, obolev-
o emu se radi? whats it about? 6A2 am, obolevaju (I) [E] to fall ill see boleti
oba num. (with m or n noun) both 4A4, 4A3z oboljeti, obolim 18A3; obolio, oboljela (P);
obala f shore, coast 6 obolijevati, obolijevam, obolijevaju (I) [J]
obalni adj. shore, coastal 16A2a to fall ill see boljeti
obasjati (P); obasjavati, obasjavam, obasjav- obraati se see under obratiti se
aju (I) to cast light on, to illuminate 20 .V obraditi, obradim (P) 13A3; obraivati,
obavestiti, obavestim (P); obavetavati, oba- obraujem (I) to process, to go through
vetavam, obavetavaju (I) [E] to inform see raditi
14A3 obradovati, obradujem (P) to delight 16A1b;
obaveza f [B,C,S] obligation 12A3 obradovati se, obradujem se (P) + Dat to
obavijestiti, obavijestim (P); obavjetavati, be overjoyed [at] see also radovati
obavjetavam, obavjetavaju (I) [J] to obrana f [C] defense
inform 14A3 obratiti se, obratim se (P) 16A2a; obraati se
obe num. (with f noun) [E] both 4A4, 4A3z (I) + Dat 16A3a to address, to turn to
obeanje n promise obrazina f mask 19A2a
obeati (P); obeavati, obeavam, obeavaju obrok m; Npl obroci meal (breakfast, lunch,
(I) to promise 11 dinner)
obezbediti, obezbedim (P) 16A1b; obezbei- obrva f eyebrow 10A4
vati, obezbeujem (I) [E] to secure, to obui, obuem (P); oblaiti, oblaim (I) to put
provide on [clothes] A.VIII; obui se, obuem se
obezbijediti, obezbijedim (P) 16A1b; obezbje- (P) oblaiti se, oblaim se (I) to get dressed
ivati, obezbjeujem (I) [J] [B/S] to secure, 9A2z
to provide obveza f [C] obligation 12A3
obiaj m custom 12A3; po obiaju as usual obzir m regards, consideration 16A2a; bez
B.VI obzira na + Acc regardless (of) 9A4 ; ne
obian, obina adj. ordinary 2A4 dolazi u obzir out of the question 5A4;
obii, obiem; obiao, obila (P) 20.IV ; obilaz- obzirom or s obzirom na + Acc regarding,
iti (I) 16A3a 1. to go from place to place, to in view of 16A2a
tour; 2. to stop in for a visit 16A3a see ii ocena f [E] grade, evaluation
obigrati (P) 1. to ride around or fly around; oceniti, ocenim (P); ocenjivati, ocenjujem (I)
2. to evade 19A3a see igrati [E] to evaluate, to assess, to grade 10A3
obijanje n break-in, burglary 20.VII ocenjivati see under oceniti
obilaziti see under obii ocijeniti, ocijenim (P); ocjenjivati, ocjenjujem
obilaenje n tour 16A3b (I) [J] to evaluate, to assess, to grade 10A3
obitelj f; Gsg obitelji Isg obit elju or obitelji [C] ocjena f [J] grade, evaluation
418
ocjenjivati see under ocijeniti odlijetati, odlijeem (I) [J] A.III to fly
oaj m despair 20.III off see letjeti
oajan, oajna adj. miserable, despairing odlian, odlina adj. excellent
14A2 odlino adv. excellent 2A4
oekivati, oekujem (I) to expect 14A4 odlijetati see under odletjeti
oigledno adv. obviously odlika f; DLsg odlici 1. feature, characteristic;
oit adj. obvious B.V 2. excellent grade [in school] 17A3b
ouvati see under uvati odliti, odlijem (P) 14A1; odlijevati, odlijevam,
od prep. + Gen from, away from, of 5 odlijevaju (I) [J] odlivati, odlivam, odlivaju
4A3, 4A4z, 9A3z, 11A2z (I) [E] pour off see liti
odakle adv. from where 4A1, 4A1z odluiti, odluim (P) 12A3; odluivati, odlu-
odati (P); odavati, odajem (I) 1. to disclose, ujem (I) to decide
show; 2. to betray 20.I odmah adv. immediately 5A2
odavde adv. from here 13A4 odmahnuti, odmahnem (P); odmahivati, od-
odavno adv. long ago, a long time 16A1 mahujem (I) to dismiss with a wave of the
odbrana f [B,S] defense hand 20.VI
odea f [E] clothing 20.VII odmor m 1. rest; 2. vacation; 3. school recess
odeljenje n [S] hospital ward, department, 5C1, 6A1z
section odnekud adv. from somewhere B .III
odenuti, odenem (P); odevati, odevam, odneti, odnesem (P); odnositi, odnosim (I) [E]
odevaju(I) [E] to don, to put on B.I to carry away 7A3, 7A3 z, 10A4z see
odenuti se, odenem se (P); odevati se, odevam nositi
se, odevaju se (I) [E] to be dressed, to wear odnijeti, odnesem; odnio, odnijela (P); odnos-
odevati see under odenuti iti, odnosim (I) [J] to carry away 7A3,
odevati se see under odenuti se 7A3z, 10A4z see nositi
odgledati (P) to watch a series [e.g. of films] odnos m relationship 11A4
16A1a see gledati odnosno adv. that is, i.e., and, or rather, in re-
odgojiti, odgojim (P) 20.VI; odgajati, odgaj- gard to, in reference to, in other words, versus,
am, odgajaju (I) to raise, to bring up as to, respectively, relatively, regarding,
odgovarajui adj. corresponding 16A2a, concerning, accordingly 12A1, . 12A1 .
12A1z odobriti, odobrim (P) 16A1a; odobravati,
odgovarati see under odgovoriti odobravam, odobravaju (I) to approve
odgovor m answer, response 2A1 odrediti, odredim (P) 18A1b; odreivati, od-
odgovoriti, odgovorim (P) 16A2a; odgovarati, reujem (I) to determine, to set
odgovaram, odgovaraju (I) 5A1 odreen adj. determined, definite, specific,
1. to answer, to respond, 10A2z, 12A1z; certain 19A1b
2. + Dat to suit, to be convenient, to odrati, odrim (P) B.VI, 11A1z; odravati,
correspond to 6A4z, 9A3z odravam, odravaju (I) 16A3b 1. to hold
odigrati (P); odigravati, odigravam, odigrav- 2. to maintain, to sustain see drati
aju (I) to play 9 see igrati odravati see under odrati
odijevati see under odjenuti odsek m; Npl odseci [E] university department
odijevati se see under odjenuti se 16A1a
odjea f [J] clothing 20 .VII odseliti se, odselim se (P) 18A3 ; odseljavati se,
odjel m; Gsg odjela [B,C] hospital ward, odseljavam se, odseljavaju se (I) to move
department away see seliti se
odjednom adv. suddenly 14A4 see jednom odsesti, odsednem (P); odsedati, odsedam, od-
odjenuti, odjenem (P); odijevati, odijevam, sedaju (I) [E] to stay as a guest 16A1a
odijevaju (I) [J] to don, to put on B.I odsjek m; Npl odsjeci [J] university department
odjenuti se, odjenem se (P); odijevati se, 16A1a
odijevam se, odijevaju se (I) [J] to be odsjesti, odsjednem (P); odsjedati, odsjedam,
dressed, to wear odsjedaju (I) [J] to stay as a guest 16A1a
odlaziti see under ot ii odvaiti se, odvaim se (P) to muster courage
odletati see under odleteti 16A3a
odleteti, odletim (P) 15A1 ; odletati, odleem odvesti, odvedem; odveo, odvela (P); odvoditi,
(I) [E] A .III to fly off see leteti odvodim (I) to lead, to take 10A4, 7A3z,
odletjeti, odletim; odletio, odletjela (P) 15A1; 10A4z see voditi
419
odvesti, odvezem; odvezao, odvezla (P); 2A1z, 6A3z, 7A1z
odvoziti, odvozim (I) to drive or take (by (Acc) nju 2A2, 2A2z, je 2A1, 2A1z,
vehicle) 7A3z, 10A4z, 11A1z see ju 2A1z, 10A1z
voziti (Gen) nje, je 6A3z
odvjetnik m; Npl odvjetnici [B,C] lawyer (Dat) njoj, joj 6A3 z
5A3, 11A2z (Loc) njoj 6A3z
odvratiti, odvratim (P) 20.VII; odvraati (I) (Instr) njom, njome 7A1z
to retort, to deflect for pl see oni
odiveti, odivim (P) [E] to live out ones life ona n; pron. they 4 1A4, 2A2z, 6A3z,
20.II see iveti 7A1z for other forms see on i
odivjeti, odivim; odivio, odivjela (P) [J] onaj, ono, ona pron. adj. 1. that; 2. that one
to live out ones life 20.II see ivjeti 4 2A2
ogledalo n [B,C,S] mirror 9A2 onakav, onakvo, onakva pron. adj. that kind
okaniti se, okanim se (P) to avoid, to shun of
B.IV onamo adv. 1. there; 2. in that direction 20.VI
oko n; Npl oi (pl forms f) Gpl oiju eye onda adv. 1. then; 2. thereupon 3A2
10A3, 10A4z; jaje na oko egg sunnyside onde adv. [E] there 14A2
up 7A1 ondje adv. [J] there 14A2
oko prep. + Gen around 5 5 one f; pron. they 4 1A4, 2A2 z, 6A3z,
okolina f environment, surroundings 16A3a 7A1z for other forms see oni
okolnost f; Gsg okolnosti Isg -ou or -osti oni m; pron. they 4 1A4, 2A2z, 6A3z,
circumstance; sticajem [B,S] stjecajem [C] 7A1z
okolnosti as things turned out (Acc-Gen) njih, ih 2A2 z, 6A3z, 7A1z
okrenuti, okrenem (P) 20.VIII; okretati, (Dat-Loc-Instr) njim, njima, im 6A3z
okreem (I) to turn, to turn over see 7A1z
krenuti ono n; pron. it 4 1A2, 2A1z, 2A2z,
oktobar m; Gsg oktobra [B,S] October 6A2, 6A3z, 7A1z for other forms see on
. 6A2 . onuda adv. that way, in that direction
okupator m; Gsg okupatora occupying forces opi adj. [B,C] general
18A3 opasan, opasna adj. dangerous 7A2
okupiti (P); okupljati, okupljam, okupljaju (I) operacija f operation 20 .IV
to gather, to assemble 14A4,; okupiti se (P); operirati, operiram, operiraju (I/P) [C] to
okupljati se, okupljam se, okupljaju se (I) operate 20.V
to gather around 18A3, 14A1z operisati, operiem (I/P) [B,S] to operate
okupljati see under okupiti 20.V
okupljati se see under okupiti opet adv. again 10A2
okvirni adj. approximate, in outline form opisati, opiem (P); opisivati, opisujem (I) to
16A2a describe 10A3 see pisati
Olimpijada f Olympic Games 16A1b oponaati, oponaam, oponaaju (I) to imitate
olovka f; DLsg olovci Gpl olovaka or olovki B.VIII
pencil 1A2; hemijska olovka [B,S] oporavak m; Gsg oporavka convalescence,
kemijska olovka [C] ballpoint pen 2A4, recovery 20.I
. 7A4 . oporaviti se (P) 20.VI; oporavljati se (I) to
recover
olovan, olovna adj. lead, leaden 18A1a
oporuka f; DLsg oporuci [B,C] testament, will
olovo n lead [ = metal]
20.IV
oluja f storm 14A2
opratati see under oprostiti
omladina f young people 16A1b
oprati see under prati
omlet m omelet 7A1
opravdati (P) 20.II; opravdavati, oprav-
on m; pron. 1. he; 2. it 4 1A2, 2A1z,
davam, opravdavaju (I) to justify
7A1z
opredeliti se, opredelim se (P) 16A3b; opre-
(Acc-Gen) njega 2A2z, ga 2A1, 2A1z
deljivati se, opredeljujem se (I) [E] to opt
(Dat) njemu, mu 6A3z
[for]
(Loc) njemu 6A3z
opredijeliti se, opredijelim se (P) 16A3b;
(Instr) njim, njime 7A1z
opredjeljivati se, opredjeljujem se (I) [J]
for pl see oni
to opt [for]
ona f; pron. 1. she; 2. it 4 1A2 ,
420
oprema f equipment 14A1 osim toga besides, furthermore 8A3
oprostiti, oprostim (P); opratati, opratam, osjeaj m [J] feeling, sentiment 19A3b
oprataju (I) to forgive 2A1; oprosti, osjeati see under osjetiti
oprostite [C] sorry! 2A1, 2A4z osjeati se see under osjetiti se
opratati se, opratam se, oprataju se (I) to osjetiti (P); osjeati (I) [J] to feel [ = sense of
bid farewell 20.VI touch]
opsednuti, opsednem; opsednuo (P): opsedati, osjetiti se (P) 15A1; osjeati se (I) [J] to feel
opsedam (I) [E] 1. to besiege; 2. to obsess [ = emotion] 10A3, 10A2z
11A1z osjetljiv adj. [J] sensitive
opsjednuti, opsjednem; opsjednuo (P): osmanski adj. Ottoman 19A3b
opsjedati, opsjedam (I) [J] 1. to besiege; osmeh m; Npl osmesi [E] smile 20.III
2. to obsess 11A1z osmehnuti se, osmehnem se (P) B .I;
opti adj. [B,S] general osmehiv ati se, osmehujem se (I) [E] to flash
opteretiti (P) 16A3a; optereivati, a smile
optereujem (I) to burden osmero n [C] eight (group of mixed gender)
optimizam m; Gsg optimizma optimism osmi adj. eighth (8th) 8A1, 6A2z, 12A1z,
20.VI 12A3z
optuiti, optuim (P) 20.VII; optuivati, op- osmijeh m; Npl osmijesi [J] smile 20.III
tuujem (I) to accuse 20.II osmina f. one-eighth 12A1z
optuivati see under optuiti osmjehnuti se, osmjehnem se (P) B.I;
opustiti, opustim (P) B.II; oputati, osmjehivati se, osmjehujem se (I) [J] to
oputam, oputaju (I) to cause to relax flash a smile
opustiti se, opustim se (P); oputati se, osmogodinji adj. eight-year 20.III
oputam se, oputaju se (I) to relax see osmorica f eight [men]
pustiti osmoro n [B,S] eight (group of mixed gender)
orah m; Npl orasi walnut, nut 4A3, 3A3z osnov m [B,S] 1. basis 16A3b; 2. foundation
organizacija f organization B.III
organizirati, organiziram, organiziraju (I/P) osnova f [B,C,S] 1. basis 16A3b; 2. foun-
[B,C] to organize 16A3b, 11A1z dation B.III
organizovati, organizujem (I/P) [B,S] to org- osnovni adj. basic 10A3
anize 16A3b, 11A1z osoba f person 3A1 , 3A1z
orao m; Gsg orla Npl orlovi eagle osoban, osobna adj. [B,C] personal
orman m; Gsg ormana [B,S] cupboard, built-in osoblje n personnel, staff 11A4
closet Osovina f Axis [WW II alliance] 12A4
ormar m; Gsg ormara [B,C] cupboard, built-in ostajati see under ostati
closet ostali adj. remaining, other 13A3
ormari m [B,C] small cupboard or storage unit ostareo, ostarela adj. [E] elderly, aged 19A3a
20.VII; noni ormari nightstand, bed table ostario, ostarjela adj. [J] elderly, aged 19A3a
12A1 ostati, ostanem (P) 9A2; ostajati, ostajem (I)
osam num. eight (8) 5A1, 5A1 z to remain, to stay 14A1, 10A2z,
osamdeset num. eighty (80) 5A1, 5A1z . 17A2a . see stati
osamnaest num. eighteen (18) 5A1, 5A1z ostava f storage room, closet 16A1b
osamnaesti adj. eighteenth (18th) 18A1 ostaviti (P) 14A1; ostavljati (I) 17A1a to
osamsto num. eight hundred (800) 12A1z leave [behind]
oseaj m [E] feeling, sentiment 19A3b ostrvo n [B,S] island 15A1, 6A1z
oseati see under osetiti osveiti (P); osveavati, osveavam,
oseati se see under osetiti se osveavaju (I) [E] to refresh; osveiti se,
osetiti (P); oseati (I) [E] to feel [ = sense of osveim se (P) B .IV ; osveavati se,
touch] osveavam se, osveavaju se (I) to freshen
osetiti se (P) 15A1; oseati se (I) [E] to feel up, to refresh oneself
[ = emotion] 10A3, 10A2z osvjeiti (P); osvjeavati, osvjeavam,
osetljiv adj. [E] sensitive osvjeavaju (I) [E] to refresh; osvjeiti se,
osigurati (P); osiguravati, osiguravam, osvjeim se (P) B .IV ; osvjeavati se,
osiguravaju (I) 1. to secure, to provide [C osvjeavam se, osveavaju se (I) to freshen
only] 16A1b; 2. to insure up, to refresh oneself
osim prep. + Gen [B,C,S] except, besides 8A3; oiati see iati
421
otar, otra adj. sharp 10A3 oeniti se see under eniti se
otac m; Gsg oca Npl oevi father 2A3 , 2A3z, oujak m; Gsg oujka [C] March 6A2, . 6A2 .
3A2z
otadbina f [B,S] fatherland, homeland P
oteti, otmem (P); otimati, ot imam (I) 1. to grab pa conj. and, and also 7A2
2. to abduct pacijent m patient 20.I
oteti se, otmem se (P); otimati se, otimam se (I) pad n; Npl padovi fall, drop
to escape 20.II padaline f (pl form) [C] precipitation 14A2
othraniti see under hraniti padati see under pasti
oticati, otiem (I) [B,S] to drain, to flow away padavine f (pl form) [B,S] precipitation 14A2
7 pade m case [grammar]
otii, odem; otiao, otila (P); odlaziti (I) to pahuljice f (pl form) flakes 7A1
leave, to depart 10A2, 10A2z, 12A4z see pak conj. and, rather, on the other hand 5A3
ii palac m; Gsg palca thumb 10A4; noni pal-
otjecati, otjeem (I) [B,C] to drain, to flow ac big toe 10A4
away; otjecati pored to flow around 7 pametan, pametna adj. intelligent, smart
otkad, otkada conj. ever since 11A2
otkriti, otkrijem (P) 20.VI; otkrivati, otkriv- pamenje n memory
am, otkrivaju (I) to discover pamtiti (I) to remember; zapamtiti (P) 1. to
otkud adv. from where; otkud ti to whered remember; 2. to memorize 16A1b
you get that idea B .VII pantalone f (pl form) [S] pants, trousers 11A1
otok m; Npl otoci [B,C] island 15A1, 6A1z papagaj m [B,S] 1. parrot; 2. parakeet
otprilike adv. approximately 12A1 papar m; Gsg papra [C] pepper [ = spice]
otpustiti, otpustim (P) 20.I; otputati, otput- pepeo m; Gsg pepela ash
am, otputaju (I) to release, to fire [from a papiga f; DLsg papigi [B,C] 1. parrot;
job] see pustiti 2. parakeet 6A2, 6A2z
otputovati, otputujem (P) to go off on a trip papir m; Gsg papira paper 1A2
16A3b see also putovati papirnica f stationery store 2A4
otvoren adj. open 16A3b; na otvorenom paprika f; DLsg paprici pepper [ = vegetable]
outdoors [e.g. on an outdoor stage] 16A3b 7A1
otvoriti, otvorim (P) 12A2 ; otvarati, otvaram, par m pair 14A3
otvaraju (I) to open 19A3b paradajz m [B,C,S] tomato 7A1, 5A4z
ovaj, ovo, ova pron. adj. this, this one 4 pare m; Gsg pareta [B,S] piece 4A3
1A2, 3A2z pare f (pl form) money, change 5A2
ovaj excl. umm, uh... . 9A3 . Pariz m; Gsg Pariza Paris 4A1
ovakav, ovakvo, ovakva pron. adj. this kind of park m; Gpl paraka park A.III
2A4 parkiranje n parking 10
ovako adv. in this way, like this 13A3 parkirati, parkiram, parkiraju (I); uparkirati,
ovamo adv. 1. in this direction; 2. here 7A3 , uparkiram, uparkiraju (P) to park 12A2
. 7.A4 . partner m; Gsg partnera partner 13A3
ovde adv. [E] here 2A3 pas m; Gsg psa Gpl pasa dog 1A2, 2A3z,
ovdje adv. [J] here 2A3 3A2z
ovisan, ov isna adj. [C] 1. depending, paso m [B,S] passport 4
dependent 16A3b; 2. addicted pasti, padnem; pao, pala (P); padati (I) to fall
ovo je this is 1A2 10A2, 10A1z, 10A2z; pada [mi] na
ovoliko adv. this much pamet it occurs [to me] 11A4 see also
ovuda adv. this way, here, in this direction dopasti se, ispasti, napasti
.7.A4 ., B.VII pasulj m; Gsg pasulja [S] beans
ozariti, ozarim (P) to illuminate, to glow patka f; Gpl pataka duck
18A2a paviljon m; Gsg paviljona wing, pavilion
ozbiljan, ozbiljna adj. serious 3A3 12A1
oznaiti, oznaim (P) 17A1b; oznaavati, paziti (I) to watch out, to be careful B.VIII
oznaavam, oznaavaju (I) to mark, to des- see also upaziti
ignate paljiv adj. careful 14A1
oznaiva m; Gsg oznaivaa marker 20.V panja f attention 20.III
oeniti see under eniti pecanje n fishing 20.II
422
pecivo n bread roll 5A1 (P) 11A1z to write see also opisati,
pedagogija f teacher training 13B3 potpisati, upisati
pedeset num. fifty (50) 5A1, 5A1z, 12A1z pismen adj. literate, able to write 6A2
pedesetak num. about fifty 13A3 pismo n; Gpl pisama letter 4 1A2;
peglanje n ironing; daska za peglanje avionsko pismo airmail letter 2A4, 5A1z
[B,C,S] daska za glaanje [C] ironing pita f pie
board A.VIII pitanje n 1. question 1A2, 3A1z, 3A2z;
pekar m baker 11A2z 2. issue 1
pena f [E] foam 14A1 pitati, pitam, pitaju (I) to ask 3A1; upitati,
period m period, time 17A4 upitam, upitaju (P) to inquire B .I see
pero n pen, fountain pen 2A1 also zapitati, raspitati se
pesma f; Gpl pesama [E] 1. song 5C1; piti, pijem (I) to drink 6 5A1; popiti,
2. poem 10A3 popijem (P) to drink up 5A4 , 5A4z,
pesniki adj. [E] poetic 19A1b 10A1z, 11A1z
pesnik m; Npl pesnici [E] poet (m., general) piva n [C] beer
11A2z pivo n [B,C,S] beer 4A3
pesnikinja f [E] poet (f.) 11A2z pjena f [J] foam 14A1
peak m; Gsg peaka Npl peaci [E] pedestrian pjesma f; Gpl pjesama [J] 1. song 5C1 ;
5A2 2. poem 10A3
peke adv. [S] on foot 5A2 pjesniki adj. [J] poetic 19A1b
pet num. five (5) 5A1 , 5A1z, 12A1z, pjesnik m; Npl pjesnici [J] poet (m., general)
12A2z 11A2z
petak m; Gsg petka Friday 2A1; petkom pjesnikinja f [J] poet (f.) 11A2z
on Fridays 7A2 pjeak m; Gsg pjeaka Npl pjeaci [J] pedes-
petero n. [C] five (group of mixed gender) trian 5A2
12A1z pjeice adv. [B,C] on foot 5A2
peti adj. fifth (5th) 5A1, 6A2z, 12A3z pjeke adv. [J] [B/S] on foot 5A2
petnaest num. fifteen (15) 5A1, 5A1z, pjeva m; Gsg pjevaa [J] singer
14A2z pjevati (I) [J] 1. to sing 5C1 ; 2. to compose
petnaestak num. fifteen or so 12A1z verse 19A3b see also spjevati
petnaesti adj. fifteenth (15th) 15A1 plaa f [B,C] salary 18A3
petorica f five [men] 12A2z plafon m; Gsg plafona [B,S] ceiling 8A4
petoro n. [B,S] five (group of mixed gender) plafonski adj. [B,S] ceiling 8A4
12A1z
plahta f; Gpl plahti [C] sheet (bedding) 12A1
petsto num. five hundred (500) 12A1z
plakati, plaem (I) to cry 18A2a
peva m; Gsg pevaa [E] singer
plan m; Npl planovi plan, map 16A1a; plan
pevati (I) [E] 1. to sing 5C1; 2. to compose
grada map of town 11A3
verse 19A3b see also spevati
planet m; Gsg planeta [C] planet 6A1
pie n drink B.VII; jelo i pie food and
planeta [B,S] planet 6A1
drink; izii na pie [B,C only] izai na pie
planina f mountain 16A3b
to go out for a drink B .VII
planirati, planiram, planiraju (I) to plan
pijaca f [B,S] marketplace A.I
16A1b
piletina f chicken [meat] plaiti (I), uplaiti (P) to frighten; plaiti se
pingvin m; Gsg pingvina penguin 15A1
. 10A3 ., uplaiti se + Gen (I) to be
pingvinski adj. penguin 15A1
frightened 11
pire m; Gsg pirea pure; kesten pire
plata f [B,S] salary 18A3
chestnut pure; krompir pire [B,S] pire
platiti, platim (P); plaati, plaam, plaaju (I)
krumpir [C] mashed potatoes
to pay 2A4
pirina m [B,S] rice
plav, plava; plavi adj. 1. blue 2A3 ; 2. blond
pisac m; Gsg pisca writer (m., general) 5A3
plavua f blonde B.I
pisai adj. writing 12A1; pisai sto [B,S]
plaa f beach 16A3a
pisai stol [C] desk 12A1
ples m; Npl plesovi [B,C] dance 15A1
pisanje n writing 10A4, 10A4z
plesa m; Gsg plesaa [B,C] dancer (m., gen-
pisar m; Gsg pisara clerk 11A2z
eral) 11A2z
pisati, piem (I) 6 2A1, 2A1z, 7A4z,
plesaica f [B,C] dancer (f.) 11A2z
10A1z, 10A2z, 10A4z; napisati, napiem
plesati, pleem (I) [B,C] to dance 15A1,
423
15A1z podcrtavaju (I) [C] underline 18A1b
plii adj. shallower see plitak podeliti see under deliti
plin m; Npl plinovi 1. natural gas (usually sg); podii [podignuti], podignem (P) 15A1; podi-
2. digestive gas (usually pl) zati, podiem (I) A.VI to lift up, to raise
plitak, plitka; plitki adj. shallow podijeliti see under dijeliti
plivati (I) to swim 18A1a podizati see under podii [podignuti]
ploa f blackboard [C] 4A4; gramophone podnaslov m subheading 19A2b
record, memorial plaque [B,C,S] podne n; Gsg podneva or podne (i.e. indecl.)
plonik m; Npl plonici [C] sidewalk 14A3 noon 10A1; pre podne [E] prije podne [J]
pljeskati, pljeem (I) to applaud B .VIII [in the] morning, late morning 10A1
pljutati, plutim (I) to rain cats and dogs, to Podravina f Drava river valley
pour down rain 14 Podrinje n Drina river valley
po prep. + Acc for 5; ii po njih to podruje n area, region 6
fetch them, to get them 9A4 podstai, podstaknem; podstakao, podstakla
po prep. each, per [as in kupili su po jedan (P) 19A3b; podsticati, podstiem (I) to
sladoled they each bought one ice cream; encourage
they bought one ice cream per person] 5A1, podstanar m tenant, subletter 9A3; ii u
5A1z podstanare to become a tenant, to rent 9A3
po prep. + Loc 5 ; 1. according to 6A2 ; poduavati see under poduiti
2. on A .V.; 3. around 12A1 ; 4. of poduiti (P); poduavati, poduavam, podu-
20.III; 5. at, upon B.VII; 6. per 12A1; avaju (I) to tutor 18A3
po mom miljenju in my opinion 10A4; Podunavlje n Danube river valley
po obiaju according to custom B .VI; poduze n [B,C] business, company 11A4
po prilici approximately 12A1 ; po elu poduzeti, poduzmem (P) 16A1a; poduzimati,
on the forehead A.V .; po gradu all poduzimam, poduzimaju (I) [B,C] to un-
around town 20.VII; po zavretku at the dertake see uzeti
end B .VII; po cimetu of cinnamon podvui, podvuem, podvuku (P) 18A1b;
20.III; po sobi per room 12A1 ; jedan po podvlaiti, podvlaim (I) [B,S] to
jedan one by one 15A2 underline see vui
po num. half see under polovica [B,C] or poetski adj. poetic 19A1b
polovina [B,S] poezija f poetry 3A2, 3A2z
pobei, pobegnem (P); beati, beim (I) [E] pogaica f bread roll 9
to flee, to run away 18A3 pogaati, pogaam, pogaaju (I) 1. to make a
pobjei, pobjegnem (P); bjeati, bjeim (I) [J] guess B .VII; 2. to shoot at; 3. to attempt
to flee, to run away 18A3, . B .VIII . to hit [a target] see pogoditi
poeljati see under eljati poginuti, poginem (P) to be killed, to perish
poetak m; Gsg poetka Npl poeci beginning 14A3
7A4 poglavlje n chapter 10A2
poeti, ponem (P) 13A2; poinjati, poinjem pogled m 1. gaze 10A3; 2. pogled (na) view
(I) 6A2 to begin, to start (of)
poetni adj. initial 16A3b pogledati (P) 20.V ; pogledati, pog ledam, po-
poinjati see under poeti gledaju (I) to glance at, to take a look 2A4;
poinuti, poinem (P) (archaic) to rest 19A1b pogledati se (P); pogledati se, pogledam se,
poistiti see under istiti pogledaju se (I) to look at oneself [e.g. in
poi, poem; poao, pola (P) 9A4 ; polaziti (I) the mirror] 9A2 see gledati
to go, to set out 9A2 ; poi [nekome] za pogoditi, pogodim (P) 1. to figure out, to get
rukom to able to do 18A3 see ii the answer; 2. to hit [a target]
poutati, poutam (P) [B,S] to fall silent pogreka f; DLsg pogreci or pogreki Gpl
briefly 20.IV pogreaka mistake B.III
pod prep. + Instr under 5 8A1, 8A4z pohaati, pohaam, pohaaju (I) to attend
pod prep. + Acc [moving to a position] under [classes, school] 16A2b
5 pohvaliti, pohvalim (P) to praise see also
pod m; Gsg poda floor 6A1 hvaliti
podatak m; Gsg podatka Npl podaci Gpl pohvaliti se, pohvalim se (P) to boast 15A1
podataka datum, data 16A3b pojam m; Gsg pojma Npl poj movi concept,
podcrtati (P); podcrtavati, podcrtavam, notion, idea 13A3; nemam pojma I have
424
no idea 13A3 under po or pola
pojava f 1. appearance; 2. phenomenon poloiti, poloim (P); polagati, polaem (I)
18A1b put 10A2z; polagati ispit to take/write an
pojaviti se, pojavim se (P) 13A3; pojavljivati exam 6A2 ; poloiti ispit (P) to pass an
se, pojavljujem se (I) to appear exam 6A2 , 6A2z
pojedinac m; Gsg pojedinca individual poluostrvo n [B,S] peninsula 6
19A2b poluotok m; Npl poluotoci [B,C] peninsula
pojedinaan, pojedinana adj. individual 6
16A3b polje n field 4 19A1b
pojedini adj. some, several, certain poljoprivreda f agriculture 13B3
pojedinost f; Gsg pojedinosti Isg -ou or -osti poljoprivrednik m; Npl poljopriv rednici far-
detail B .VI mer, person employed in agriculture 11A2z
pojesti see under jesti poljubac m; Gsg poljupca kiss 20.III
pokazati, pokaem (P) 20.VI, 9A2z; poljubiti see also ljubiti
pokazivati, pokazujem (I) A.IV to show, pomagati see under pomoi
to demonstrate pomenuti, pomenem (P); pominjati, pominjem
pokazivati see under pokazati (I) [B,S] to mention 16A1b
poklanjati see under pokloniti pomfrit m French fried potatoes
pokloniti, poklonim (P) 12A2; poklanjati (I) pomilovanje n clemency, pardon 19A2a
B.VIII 1. to give a gift; 2. to bow pomirljiv adj. conciliatory 20.IV
pokrenuti, pokrenem (P) 16A2a; pokretati, pomo f; Gsg pomoi, Isg pomou help, aid
pokreem (I) to set in motion 14A3; hitna pomo emergency response,
pokret m movement first aid, 911 14A3; prva pomo first aid
pokriva m; Gsg pokrivaa [C] blanket 12A1 pomoi, pomognem; pomogao, pomogla (P);
pokuati (P) 11A1 ; pokuavati, pokuavam, pomagati, pomaem (I) + Dat to help
pokuavaju (I) B.V to try, to attempt 10A4, 10A1z, 14A2z
pokvariti see under kvariti pomoranda f; Gpl pomorandi [S] orange
pola half 14A2, 14A2z [ = fruit] 4A3
polagati see under poloiti Pomoravlje n Morava river valley
polako adv. slowly, take it easy 13A3 ponajvie adv. most of all 15A1
polaran, polarna adj. polar 15A1; polarno ponaosob adv. individually 15A2
more Arctic (or Antarctic) Ocean 15A1 ponaati se, ponaam se, ponaaju se (I) to
polaziti see under poi behave 18A2b
polaznica f one who attends a school or a ponedeljak m; Gsg ponedeljka [E] Monday
course (f.) B.IV 2A1; poned eljkom on Mondays 7A2
polaznik m; Npl polaznici one who attends a ponedjeljak m; Gsg ponedjeljka [J] Monday
school or course (m., general) 16A2b 2A1; ponedjeljkom on Mondays 7A2
poleteti see under let eti ponekad adv. sometimes 7A1
poletjeti see under letjeti poneti, ponesem (P) [E] to take 16A1a see
polica f shelf A.VI nositi
policija f police 14A3 ponijeti (P), ponesem; ponio, ponijela [J] to
policijski adj. police 14A3 ; policijska take 16A1a see nositi
stanica [B,C,S] policijska postaja [C] ponititi (P) 13A4 ; ponitavati, ponitavam,
police station . 9A3 . ponitavaju (I) to stamp, to void
polig lot m [C] polyglot, person who speaks poniziti, ponizim (P) 19A2a; poniavati,
many languages B .III poniavam, poniavaju (I) to humiliate
polig lota m; Npl poliglote [B,S] polyglot, pono f; Gsg ponoi, Isg ponou or ponoi
person who speaks many languages B.III midnight
polit iki adj. political; politike nauke [B,S], ponosan, ponosna adj. proud 16A1a
polit ike znanosti [C] political science ponovno adv. [C] again 9, 14A1
13B3 ponovo adv. [B,C,S] again 9, 14A1
polit ika f; DLsg politici 1. politics B.V ; ponuditi see under nuditi
2. policy pop m; Gsg popa Npl popovi [Orthodox] priest
polovica f [B,C] half 12A1, 12A1z see 11A2z
under po or pola popeti se, popnem se (P) to rise, to climb up
polovina f [B,S] half 12A1, 12A1z see 14A1
425
popis m list [C]; popis stanovnitva [B,C,S] poslastica f [B,S] dessert 11A2
popis puanstva [C] census poslati see under slati
popiti see under piti posle prep. + Gen [E] after 5 5A2
popodne n; Gsg popodneva or popodne (i.e. posle adv. [E] later, afterwards A.V
indecl.) noon 5A4 see podne posledica f [E] consequence 19A3b
popodne adv. in the afternoon 10A1 poslednji adj. [E] final, last 14A1
popraviti (P) 13A2; popravljati (I) to repair poslepodne n; Gsg poslepodneva or
popriati (P) to chat for awhile B .VI see poslepodne (i.e. indecl.) [E] afternoon
under priati poslije prep. + Gen [J] after 5 5A2
poprilian, poprilina adj. considerable poslije adv. [J] later, afterwards A.V
16A2b poslijediplomski [C] graduate [Am.] post-
popuiti (P) to have a smoke 20.V see puiti graduate [Br.]; poslijediplomski studij [C]
poput prep. + Gen similar to, like 19A1b graduate [Am.] postgraduate [Br.] study
porazgovarati, porazgovaram, porazgovaraju 16A2a
(P) to converse briefly, chat 16A2b see poslijepodne n; Gsg poslijepodneva or
razgovarati poslijepodne (i.e. indecl.) [J] afternoon
porcelanski adj. [S] porcelain 12A2 poslovan, poslovna adj. business, commercial
porculanski adj. [B,C] porcelain 12A2 13A3
porei, poreem, poreku [poreknem]; posluiti, posluim (P); posluivati, posluuj-
porekao, porekla (P); poricati, poriem (I) em (I) to serve 13A1 see under sluiti
to deny B.V posljedica f [J] consequence 19A3b
pored prep. + Gen 1. next to, along 5 posljednji adj. [J] final, last 14A1
4A4 posmatrati, posmatram, posmatraju (I) [B,S]
poredati see redati to observe 14
poreati see reati pospan adj. sleepy, drowsy
poreenje n [B,S] comparison 11A2 posmrtan, posmrtna adj. posthumous 17A4
poreklo n [E] origin 16A3a postaja f [C] station 20.VIII; policijska
poricati see porei postaja police station; radio postaja radio
porijeklo n [J] origin 16A3a station . 9A3 .
porodica f [B,S] family 9A1 postajati see under postati
porodini adj. [B,S] family, familial 12A3 postati, postanem [P] 18A3; postajati, postoj-
poruka f; DLsg poruci message 15A2; SMS im [I] to become, to exist see stati
poruka text message postaviti (P) 15A2, 11A1z; postavljati (I)
posao m; Gsg posla Npl poslovi or posli job, 16A1a to put, to pose, to place; postaviti /
employment 4 5A3 ; [imati] pune postavljati pitanje pose a question
ruke posla to be very busy, to have ones postdiplomski [B,C,S] graduate [Am.] post-
hands full 9A2 graduate [Br.] study; postdiplomski studij
Posavina f Sava river valley 6 [B,C,S] graduate [Am.] postgraduate [Br.]
poseban, posebna adj. special 7A4 study 16A2a
posedovati, posedujem (I) [E] to possess postelja f bed 19A3a
19A2b posteljina f bedding 12A1
poseta f [E] visit 16A3b postepen adj. gradual 19A3b
posetilac m; Gsg poset ioca [E] visitor (m., postii [postignuti], postignem; postigao, po-
general) 15A1 stigla (P); postizati, postiem (I) to accom-
posetiti (P) 16A2a; poseivati, poseujem (I) plish 13
[E] to visit postignuti see under postii
posjedovati, posjedujem (I) [J] to possess postojanje n existence 17A4
19A2b postojei adj. existing 19A1b
posjet m [B,C] visit 16A3b posuditi, posudim (P) 16A1a; posuivati, po-
posjeta f [J] [B/S] visit 16A3b suujem (I) to borrow
posjetilac m; Gsg posjetioca [J] [B/S] visitor posue n; coll. [B,C] dishes 12A2
(m., general) 15A1 posve adv. completely 14A4
posjetitelj m [C] visitor (m., general) posveta f dedication 20.VIII
posjetiteljica f [C] visitor (f.) 20.III posvetiti, posvetim (P) 16A2a; posveivati,
posjetiti (P) 16A2a; posjeivati, posjeujem posveujem (I) to dedicate; posvet iti se,
(I) [J] to visit posvetim se (P) 18A3 ; posveivati se,
426
posveujem se (I) to dedicate oneself to greet, to send greetings
posvojan, posvojna adj. [C] possessive; pozdraviti se (P) 12A1; pozdravljati se (I)
posvojna zamenica [E] posvojna zamjenica 6A3 to greet one another
[J] possessive pronoun pozdravljati see under pozdraviti
poiljac n; Npl poiljoci [B,S] sender poznat adj. famous 18A3; familiar B .I
poiljilac n; Npl poiljioci [B,C] sender poznati (P) 10A2, 10A2z; poznavati,
poten adj. fair, honest, honorable 7, 20 .IV poznajem (I) 3A1, 3A1z, 10A1z, 10A2z
potovan adj. respected, esteemed 16A2a to be familiar with see znati
potovanje n respect, esteem 16A2a pozorini adj. [B,S] theater, theatrical 16A3a
potovati, potujem (I) to respect, to honor pozorite n [B,S] theater 5A2, 5A4z, 6A1z
12A3 pozvati, pozovem (P); pozivati, pozivam,
poutjeti, pout im; pout io, poutjela (P) [C] pozivaju (I) 1. to invite; 2. to call 13A1 ;
to fall silent 20.IV see utjeti pozvati u goste to invite for a visit 13A1
Potisje n Tisa river valley see zvati
potiti (I) (archaic) to perspire 18A2a poeleti see under eleti
potkoulja f undershirt poeljeti see under eljeti
potom adv. then, later 12A2 pouriti se see under uriti se
potpis m signature 20.VIII prag m; Npl pragovi threshold 19A1a
potpisati, potpiem (P) 20.V; potpisivati, pot- prasnuti, prasnem (P) B.IV ; praskati (I) to
pisujem (I) to sign see pisati burst out, to flare up
potpredsednik m; Npl potpredsednici vice prati, perem (I); oprati, operem (P) to wash
president 9A2, 9A2z
potpredsjednik m; Npl potpredsjednici vice pratiti (I) 12A2; ispratiti (P) to follow, to
president accompany
potpun adj. complete, full, total pratilac m; Gsg pratioca Gpl prat ilaca person
potpuno adv. totally serving as an escort 4
potraga f; DLsg potrazi search 19A2b pratnja f escort, accompaniment 20.VII
potreba f need 19A2b pravda f; Gpl pravdi justice 19A2b
potreban, potrebna adj. necessary 11A2 pravedan adj. just, righteous
potroiti see under troiti pravi adj. real, true 3A2
potruditi se see under truditi se pravilo n rule 20.II
potvrda f confirmation, certificate 16A2b praviti (I); napraviti (P) to make 20.III
potvrdan, potvrdna adj. affirmative B.VI praviti se (I) [B,C,S] 1. to pretend, to feign
poumreti, poumrem; poumro, poumrla (P) [E] B.IV, 20.IV
to die off [one by one] 17A2a, . 17A2a . pravo n 1. law [ = discipline] 13B3; 2. right
see umreti [ = that which is just]; imati pravo 7A2
poumrijeti; poumrem, poumro, poumrla (P) biti u pravu B.V to be right; ljudska
[J] to die off [one by one] 17A2a, prava human rights
. 17A2a . see umrijeti pravo adv. 1. right, correct 7A2 ; 2. straight
povezan adj. connected, interconnected B .IV ahead [B,S] 13A4
povezati, poveem (P) B .IV ; povezivati, pravoslavac n; Gsg pravoslavca Orthodox
povezujem (I) to connect 16A1b Christian (general)
povijest f; Gsg povijesti Isg povijeu, povijesti pravoslavan, pravoslavna adj. Orthodox
[C] history 13B3, . 17A1b . Christian
povod m reason, occasion B.I prazan, prazna adj. empty 13A1
povratak m; Gsg povratka return 14A4 pre prep. + Gen [E] before 5 5A2,
povratan, povratna adj. 1. reflexive; 2. re- 13A4z; pre pod ne adv. [E] late morning
current; povratna zamenica [E] povratna 10A1
zamjenica [J] reflexive pronoun (e.g. sebe) pre adv. [E] earlier, before 13A2
povremeno adv. occasionally, now and then prebaciti, prebacim (P); prebacivati, prebac-
8A3 ujem (I) to pass on, to transfer 20.VII
povrnuti, povrnem (P) (archaic) to return prebacivati see under prebaciti
19A3a prei, preem; preao, prela (P); prelaziti (I)
povrina f surface [B,C,S] to go across 19A1a see ii
pozdrav f greeting 6A3 prei adj. more sudden, more short-tempered
pozdraviti (P) A .VII; pozdravljati (I) 6A3 see prek [E] prijek [J]
427
pred prep. + Instr in front of, before 5 prekosutra adv. day after tomorrow 20.IV
7A2, 7A2z, 8A4 z prekratak, prekratka adj. too short B.III
pred prep + Acc [moving to] in front of B.I prelaz n [B,C,S] 1. transition; 2. crosswalk
predak m; Gsg pretka Npl preci ancestor prelep adj. [E] so lovely, exquisite B.IV
16A3b prelijep adj. [J] so lovely, exquisite B .IV
predati (P); predavati, predajem (I) to sub- preliti, prelijem (P) 14A1; prelijevati, pre-
mit, to hand in 16A2a; predati se (P): pre- lijevam, prelijevaju (I) [J] or prelivati, pre-
davati se, predajem se (I) to surrender, to livam, prelivaju (I) [E] to pour over see liti
give oneself up see dati prema prep. + Dat toward, toward, according
predavanje n lecture 6A2 , 6A2z to 5 11A4
predavati, predajem (I only) to teach, to premda conj. although 20.V
lecture 16A3a premestiti (P) B.V ; premetati, premetam,
predavati see under predati premetaju (I) [E] to shift position, to move
predjelo n appetizer 11A2 premjestiti (P) B.V ; premjetati, premje-
predlog m; Npl predlozi [E] 1. proposal tam, premjetaju (I) [J] to shift position, to
20.IV; 2. preposition 17A1b move
predloiti, predloim (P); predlagati, predla- preneti, prenesem (P); prenositi, prenosim (I)
em (I) to propose 20 .IV [E] to transmit 19A3b, 10A4z see nositi
predmet m 1. object, thing; 2. subject, topic prenijeti, prenesem; prenio, prenijela (P); pre-
predrasuda f prejudice B .IV nositi, prenosim (I) [J] to transmit 19A3b,
predsednica f [E] president (f.) 11A2z 10A4z see nositi
predsednik m; Npl predsednici [E] president prenoiti, prenoim (P) to spend the night
(m., general) 11A2z 19A1a
predsjednica f [J] president (f.) 11A2z prenositi see under preneti [E] prenijeti [J]
predsjednik m; Npl predsjednici [J] president preobraenje n 1. transfiguration (relig.);
(m., general) 11A2z 2. transformation 17A4
predsoblje n front hall 16A1b prepisati, prepiem (P) 20.IV; prepisivati,
predstava f performance 5A4 prepisujem (I) 1. to copy over; 2. to sign
predstaviti (P) 19A3b; predstavljati (I) over
19A2b to present preporuiti, preporuim (P); preporuivati,
predstavljati see under predstaviti preporuujem (I) to recommend 13A1
predstojnik m; Npl predstojnici head; pred- prepoznati (P); prepoznavati, prepoznajem (I)
stojnik odelenje [S] odjela [B,C] depart- to recognize 20.III
ment head 20.VII prepoznavati see prepoznati
preduzee n [B,S] business, company 11A4 prepriati, prepriam (P) 15A2; prepriavati,
preduzeti, preduzmem (P) 16A1a; preduz- prepriavam, prepriavaju (I) to narrate, to
imati, preduzimam, preduzimaju (I) [B,S] retell see priati
to undertake see uzeti preraditi, preradim (P) 15A2; preraivati,
predvideti, predvidim (P) B.III; predviati, preraujem (I) to rework, to redo see
predviam, predviaju (I) [E] to foresee, to raditi
predict prerasti, prerastem; prerastao, prerasla (P)
predvidjeti, predvidim; predvidio, predvidjela to outgrow 18A3 see rasti
(P) B .III; predviati, predviam, preseliti se see under seliti se
predviaju (I) [J] to foresee, to predict prespavati, prespavam, prespavaju (P) to
preg led m 1. inspection, overview; 2. medical sleep over 14A2
examination 20.IV presrean, presrena adj. [S] overjoyed 10
preg ledati (P), pregledati, preg ledam, presretan, presretna adj. [B,C] overjoyed
pregledaju (I) to inspect, to examine, to 10
check 11A1z prestajati see under prestati
prek, preka; preki adj. sudden, short-tempered prestajati, prestoj im (P) to continue standing,
prekinuti, prekinem (P) 20.II; prekidati, pre- to stay on ones feet 14
kidam, prekidaju (I) to interrupt prestati, prestanem (P) 14; prestajati, pre-
prekjue adv. [B,S] the day before yesterday stajem (I) A.VI to stop, to cease see
prekjuer adv. [C] the day before yesterday stati
preko prep. across 5 9A1 prestonica f [S] throne 16A3
preksutra adv. day after tomorrow presuda f verdict, sentence 19A2a
428
presudan, presudna adj. decisive 19A3b pridjev m [J] adjective 17A1b
pret eak, preteka adj. too difficult, too heavy pridoneti, pridonesem (P) [E] 16A2b; prido-
15A2 nositi, pridonosim (I) to contribute see
pretpostaviti (P); pretpostavljati (I) to nositi
assume, to presume. pridonijeti, pridonesem; pridonio, pridonijela
pretraga f; DLsg pretrazi [B,C] medical test (P) [J] 16A2b; pridonositi, pridonosim (I)
20.I to contribute see nositi
pretvarati see under pretvoriti prihvatiti (P) 16A1a; prihvaati [C] prihva-
pretvarati se see under pretvoriti se tati [B,S] (I) to accept
pretvoriti (P); pretvarati, pretvaram, pretvar- prijatan, prijatna adj. pleasant, comfortable
aju (I) to transform 14A2 11A2
pretvoriti se (P): pretvarati se, pretvaram se, prijatelj m; Gpl prijatelja 1. pal, schoolmate
pretvaraju se (I) to pretend 15A1 [B,C only]; 2. lifelong or family friend 1A4,
preuraniti (P) to act prematurely 16A2a 1A4z, 8A1z
prevaliti, prevalim (P) to cover, to pass 20 .I prijateljica f [B,C,S] friend (f) 4A2
prevara f [E] deception prijateljstvo n; Gpl prijateljstava friendship
prevariti (P) to deceive, to trick 15A1 B.IV
prevesti, prevedem; prev eo, prev ela (P) prijati (I) to suit 13A1; to mi prija that
10A4z; prevoditi, prevodim (I) 18A3 to suits me 13A1
translate see voditi prijaviti, prijavim (P); prijavljivati, prijavljuj-
prevesti, prevezem; prevezao, prevezla (P) em (I) to report 14A3
10A4z; prevoziti, prevozim (I) to transport prije prep. + Gen [J] before 5 5A2 ;
see voziti prije podne adv. [J] late morning 10A1,
previe adv. too much B.III 13A4z; prije nego to conj before; prije
prevod m [B,C,S] a [written or spoken] negoli conj. before 20.V
translation 18A3 prije adv. [J] earlier, before 13A2
prevodilac m; Gsg prevodioca [B,S] translator prijei, prijeem; preao, prela [C] (P); pre-
(general) 5A3 laziti (I) to go across, to traverse 19A1a
prevoditelj m [C] translator (m., general) 5A3 prijedlog m; Npl prijedlozi [J] 1. proposal
prevoditeljica f [C] translator (f.) 20.IV; 2. preposition 17A1
prevoditi see under prevesti prijek adj. [J] sudden, short-tempered
prevoenje n translation [ = discipline] 18A3 prijelaz n [C] 1. transition; 2. crosswalk
prevoz m [B,C,S] transportation prijestolnica f [B,C] throne 16A3b
prezime n; Gsg prezimena Npl prezimena Gpl prijevara f [J] deception
prezime na last name, surname prijevod m [C] a [written or spoken] translation
preiv eti, preivim (P); preivljavati, preiv- 18A3
ljavam, preivljavaju (I) [E] to survive prijevoz m [C] transportation
14A3 see iv eti prikljuiti se, prikljuim se (P) 16A2b; pri-
preivjeti, preivim; preivio, preivjela (P); kljuivati se, prikljuujem se (I) to join in
preivljavati, preiv ljavam, preivljavaju prikupiti (P) 19A3b; prikupljati, prikupljam,
(I) [J] to survive 14A3 see ivjeti prikupljaju (I) to bring together
pri prep. + Dat. near, by, with, at 5 prilian, prilina adj. considerable 20.IV
pribaviti (P); pribavljati (I) to get hold of prilika f; DLsg prilici opportunity 16A1a;
16A2a po prilici approximately 12A1
pribliiti se, pribliim se (P) 16A3b; pribli- prilog m; Npl prilozi 1. adverb 17A1b;
avati se, pribliavam se, pribliavaju se (I) 2. side dish 11A2
to approach primai [primaknuti], primaknem; primakao,
pribor m equipment; pribor za pecanje primakla (P) 14A1; primicati, primiem (I)
fishing gear 20.V 1. to bring closer, to move [something] closer;
pria f story 5A1 2. to approach
priati, priam, priaju (I) to talk, to tell a primaknuti see under primai
story 12A2 see also ispriati, popriati, primati see under primiti
prepriati, zapriati se primer m [E] example 17C1; na primer for
prii, priem; priao, prila (P); prilaziti (I) example (abbr. npr.) 11A3
to approach, to come over to 20.IV see ii primerak m; Gsg primerka Npl primerci [E]
pridev m [E] adjective 17A1b 1. copy; 2. exemplar 13A3
429
primet iti, primetim (P) 14A4; primeivati, probuditi see under buditi
primeujem (I) [E] to notice proitati see under itati
primijetiti, primijetim (P) 14A4; primjei- proi, proem; proao, prola (P) 13A4 ;
vati, primjeujem (I) [J] to notice prolaziti (I) to pass B .VII see ii
primiti, primim (P); primati, primam, prim- prodati (P) 20.II; prodavati, prodajem (I) 9
aju (I) to receive 18A3 to sell
primjer m [J] example 17C1; na primjer prodava m; Gsg prodavaa salesperson (m.,
for example (abbr. npr.) 11A3 general)
primjerak m; Gsg primjerka Npl primjerci [J] prodavaica f saleswoman A .IV
1. copy; 2. exemplar 13A3 prodavaonica f [B,C] store, shop . 12A2 .
primorje n coastal area prodavati see under prodati
Primorje n Croatian coast from Rijeka to Zadar prodavnica f [B,S] store, shop . 12A2 .
6 proderati se, proderem se (P) to shout out
primorski adj. coastal 16A3b B.VIII
princeza f [fairy tale] princess B.VIII prodreti, prodrem; prodro, prodrla (P) 20 .I;
prineti, prinesem (P) [E] 20.V; prinositi, pri- prodirati, prodirem (I) [E] to penetrate
nosim (I) to bring up to see nositi prodrijeti, prodrem; prodro, prodrla (P)
prinijeti, prinesem; prinio, prinijela (P) [J] 20.I; prod irati, prodirem (I) [J] to penetrate
20.V; prinositi, prinosim (I) to bring up to 20.I
see nositi profesor f professor, teacher (m., general) 1A4
prinositi see under prineti or prinijeti profesorica f [B,C] professor, teacher (f.) 1A4
priprema f preparation 14A1 profesorka f; DLsg profesorki Gpl profesorki
pripremiti, pripremim (P) 13A3; pripremati, [S] professor, teacher (f.) 1A4
pripremam, pripremaju (I) to prepare profesorski adj. professorial 8A4
priredba f; Gpl priredaba performance proglasiti, prog lasim (P) 12A4; proglaavati,
16A3b proglaavam, proglaavaju (I) to proclaim
priroda f nature 18A2b progoniti, progonim (P); proganjati, proganj-
prirodan, prirodna adj. natural; prirodne am, proganjaju (I) to persecute 18A3
nauke [B,S] natural sciences 13B3; progovoriti, progovorim (P) 20.IV; progovar-
prirodne znanosti [C] natural sciences ati, progovaram, progovaraju (I) to speak
13B3
out
prirunik m; Npl prirunici handbook, manual
prohladan, prohladna adj. chilly, cool 17A3a
B.III
prohujao, prohujala adj. swept away A.VII
pristupaan, pristupana adj. accessible,
proizvod m product
affordable 16A2b
proizvesti, proizvedem, proizveo (P),
prisvojan, prisvojna adj. [B,S] possessive
proizvoditi, proizvodim (I) to produce, to
17A2b; prisvojna zamenica [E] prisvojna
manufacture see voditi
zamjenica [J] possessive pronoun
proizvodnja f production
priiti, priijem (P); priivati, priivam, pri-
projekat m; Gsg projekta Gpl projekata
ivaju (I) to sew on A .VIII
project [B,S] 16A1a
pritom adv. in so doing 15A1
projekt m; Gpl projekata project [B,C]
privatan, privatna adj. private; privatna 16A1a
soba rented room 16A2a prokockati (P) to gamble away, to fritter away
priv iknuti se, priviknem se (P) to get used to 7A2
20.II prolaziti see under proi
privlaiti see under privui prolaznik m; Npl prolaznici passerby 14A3
privreda f [B,S] economy prolee n [E] spring; na prolee in the spring
privui, privuem, privuku (P); privlaiti, pri- 9A1
vlaim (I) to attract B.V see vui proleni adj. [E] spring 15A1
prizemlje n ground floor 6A1, . 6A1 . prolepati se (P); prolepavati, prolepavam,
priznati (P) B .II; priznavati, priznajem (I) prolepavaju (I) [E] to become prettier or
B.IV to admit, to confess see znati nicer 14A2
priznavati see under priznati proletos adv. this spring, the coming spring,
prizor m scene 18A1b last spring
prljav adj. dirty, filthy 9A2 proljee n [J] spring; na proljee in the
problem m; Gsg problema problem 5A2 spring 9A1
430
proljeni adj. [J] [B/S] spring 15A1 protiv prep. + Gen against 13A4; ako nema-
proljepati se (P); proljepavati, proljepav- te nita protiv if you have no objections
am, proljepavaju (I) [J] to become prettier 13A4
or nicer 14A2 protjecati see protei
proljetni adj. [C] spring 15A1 protrnuti, protrnem (P) to go numb 20.VIII
proljetos this spring, the coming spring, last provesti, provedem; prov eo, provela (P); pro-
spring voditi, provodim (I) 1. to lead through
promatrati, promatram, promat raju (I) [C] 2. to carry out 16A2a; 3. to spend [a period
to observe 14 of time]; provesti se, provedem se (P) to
promena f [E] change spend ones time 9A2 see voditi
promeniti see under menjati proziran, prozirna adj. transparent 20.I
prometan, prometna adj. [C] traffic 7A2 ; prozor m window 3A2, 6A1z
prometna nesrea traffic accident prozvati, prozovem (P) 1. to give someone a
promijeniti see under mijenjati nickname; 2. to call, to dub B .I see zvati
promjena f [J] change prst m; Npl prsti, Gpl prstiju 1. finger; 2. toe
pronai, pronaem; pronaao, pronala (P); 10A4
pronalaziti (I) 1. to find 14A3, 11A1z, prsten m; Npl prstenovi ring A.V
14A1z; 2. to invent [B,S only] 15A1 pruiti (P) 12A2; pruati, pruam, pruaju
pronalazak, Npl pronalasci 1. discovery; (I) to offer, to extend; pruiti ruku to ex-
2. invention tend a hand 12A2
proparati, proparam, proparaju (P) 1. to rip; prvi adj. first (1st) 1A1, 6A2 z; Prvi svetski
2. to interrupt B.VIII rat [E] Prvi svjetski rat [J] First World War
propeler m; Gsg propelera propeller 15A1 12A4, 12A3z; prva pomo first aid
propustiti, propustim (P) 12A3; proputati, prvo adv. first, firstly 4A4
proputam, proputaju (I) to miss [an prvobitan, prvobitna adj. original, primary
opportunity] see pustiti 19A1b
proputovati, proputujem (P) to travel through psihologija f psychology 13B3
16A2a see putovati ptica f bird 5A1; tica colloq. bird 17A2a
proraditi, proradim (P) 15A1, 15A1z; pro- ptiiji adj. [B,S] bird, birds 5C1
raivati, proraujem (I) to start working ptiji adj. [C] bird, birds 5C1
see raditi publika f; DLsg publici 1. the public;
prosean, prosena adj. [E] average 12A1 2. audience
prosinac m; Gsg prosinca [C] December 6A2 , puina f open sea 17A3a
. 6A2 . puk m [C] the folk, the people 17A2a
prosjean, prosjena adj. [J] average 12A1 puanstvo n; Gpl puanstava or puanstva [C]
proslava n celebration 12A3 population; popis puanstva census
proslaviti see slaviti pun, puna; puni adj. full 4A3; [imati] pune
prost adj. simple 16A1b ruke posla to be busy, to have ones hands
prostor m space, room, area 11A2 full 9A2
prostorija f premises, room, area 6A1 puniti (I); napuniti (P) 1. to fill;
proetati see under etati 2. to complete (a year of age) 12A3
proiriti, proirim (P); proirivati, proirujem puno adv. a lot, much 5A1
(I) to expand B.III pust, pusta; pusti adj. barren, empty 17C1
proli adj. past 10A2; prolo vreme [E] pustiti, pustim (P) 7A3; putati, putam,
vrijeme [J] past tense 17C1 putaju (I) 10A2z to release, to let go;
prolost f; Gsg prolosti Isg -ou or -osti past pusti me na miru leave me be, leave me
17A2b alone 7A3 see also dopustiti, napustiti,
protagonist m [B,C] protagonist 18A2b opustiti, otpustiti, propustiti, spustiti
protagonista m; Npl protagoniste [B,S] pro- pua m; Gsg puaa smoker 12A2
tagonist 18A2b puenje n smoking 20.V
protei, prot eknem, proteku; protekao, pro- puiti (I) to smoke 12A2 see also popuiti
tekla (P); proticati, prot iem (I) [B,S], pro- putanje n release 20.VIII
tjecati, protjeem (I) [B,C] 1. to pass [e.g. putati see under pustiti
time]; 2. to flow through 7 see tei put m; Gsg puta Isg putem [B,C,S] putom [C]
protekli adj. last [period of time], past 20.II Npl putevi [B,C,S] putovi [B,C] 1. road,
proticati see protei path, way 4 14A2; 2. journey, trip,
431
way 7A2; ii svoj im putem or putom to to wound 20 .V
go one's own way 12A2; kojim put em or rano adv. early 7A4, 9A4z, 10A2z
putom which way . 7 .A4 .; srean put rashladiti se, rashladim se (P); rashlaivati se,
[B,S] sretan put [B,C] bon voyage 12A3 rashlaujem se (I) to cool off 16A3b
put m time, instance [as in tri puta thrice, raspeti, raspnem (P); raspinjati (I) to crucify
three times] 10A1 17A3a
putalj m (archaic) steed 19A3a raspitati se, raspitam se, raspitaju se (P)
putem prep. + Gen by means of 16A2a B.III; raspitivati se, raspitujem se (I)
puter m [B,S] butter 7A1 20.III to ask around, to inquire
putovati, putujem (I) to travel 4 see also raspitivati se see under raspitati se
otputovati, proputovati raspoloenje n mood
putovanje n journey, travels 14A2 rasprava f discussion 11A1
putovnica f [C] passport 4 rastajati se see under rastati se
rastanak m; Gsg rastanka parting, farewell
R B.IV
rabin m; Gsg rabina rabbi rastati se, rastanem se (P); rastajati se, rastaj-
rabiti, rabim (I) [C] to use em se (I) to part ways 14A2 see stati
raunati (I) to calculate; raunati (na) + Acc rasti, rastem; rastao, rasla to grow 16A1b
to count (on) B.II see also prerasti
rad m; Npl radovi 1. work 16A3b; 2. work rastuiti se, rastuim se (P) 15A1; rastuivati
[ = piece of writing] 16A2a se, rastuujem se (I) to become sad
radi prep. + Gen for the sake of, because of rairiti see under iriti
7A2; reda radi for the sake of appearances, rairiti se see under iriti se
as one ought 14A2 rat m; Npl ratovi war 12A4, 12A1z; Prvi
radije see rado svetski rat [E] Prvi svjetski rat [J] First
radio m radio stanica [B,C,S] radio World War 12A4; Drugi svetski rat [E]
postaja [C] radio station . 9A3 . Drugi svjetski rat [J] Second World War
raditi, radim (I) 1. to work 11A3, 9A2z; 12A4
2. to do 2A1 ; o emu se radi? whats it ravan, ravna adj. 1. straight; 2. even; 3. flat
13A4
about? 6A2 ; radi se o ... it is a matter of
ravnatelj m [C] director (m., general) 11A2z
6A2 see also proraditi, uraditi
ravnateljica f [C] director (f.) 11A2z
radnica f worker, employee (f.) 11A2z
ravno adv. [B,C] straight ahead 13A4
radnik m; Npl radnici worker, employee (m.,
ravnotea f balance 19A2b
general) 11A2z
razbuditi, razbudim (P); razbuivati, razbu-
radni adj. work 11A4 ; radno mesto [E]
ujem (I) to perk up, to stir 10A4 see buditi
radno mjesto [J] job, place of employment
11A4
razdoblje n period [of time] 16A2b
radnja f ; Gpl radnji 1. store, shop [B,C,S] razglednica f postcard 2A4
razgovarati, razgovaram, razgovaraju (I) to
12A2, . 12A2 .; 2. plot, storyline, action
17A3b
converse 12A2 see porazgovarati
rado adv. gladly 13A1; radije 1. rather, razgovor m conversation 12A2
2. more gladly; 3. preferably 19A2a razgovoran, razgovorna adj. conversational
radost f; Gsg radosti Isg -ou or -osti joy razii se, raziem se; raziao se, razila se (P)
4 3A2 14A2; razilaziti se (I) to disperse see ii
radostan, radosna adj. joyous 15A1 razina f [C] 1. level; 2. plane 19A1b
radovati, radujem (I) to gladden B.III; razjasniti, razjasnim (P); razjanjavati, raz-
radovati se, radujem se (I) + Dat to be glad janjavam, razjanjavaju (I) to clarify
14A4 see also ob radovati 10A4
raanje n birth, birthing B.VIII razliit adj. different, distinct 11A2
raja f [B] colloq. crowd, people B .VII razlika f; DLsg razlici difference 16A1b
rajica f [C] tomato 7A1, 5A4z razlikovati, razlikujem (I) to distinguish
18A2b
rak m; Npl rakovi 1. cancer 18A3 ; 2. crab
razlog m; Npl razlozi reason 8
rame n; Gsg ramena Npl ramena Gpl ramena
razmisliti (P) 10A3 ; razmiljati, razmiljam,
shoulder 10A4
razmiljaju (I) 8A3 to think, to consider
rana f wound 18A1a
see misliti
raniti (P); ranjavati, ranjavam, ranjavaju (I)
432
razmiljati see under razmisliti referada f [C] university registrar 16A2a
razni adj. (pl form) various 11A3 reka f; DLsg reci [E] river 3
razoarati, razoaram, razoaraju (P); raz- remek-delo n [E] masterpiece 19A2b
oaravati, razoaravam, razoaravaju (I) remek-djelo n [J] masterpiece 19A2b
to disappoint rep m; Npl repovi tail A .VI
razoarati se, razoaram se, razoaraju se (P) replika f; DLsg replici reply, rejoinder B.I
20.V ; razoaravati se, razoaravam se, Republika Srpska f; DLsg Republici Srpskoj
razoaravaju se (I) to be disappointed Republic of Srpska see map 4
razotkriti, razotkrijem (P); razotkrivati, reputacija f reputation 13A3
razotkrivam, razotkrivaju (I) to find out, to restoran m; Gsg restorana restaurant 10A1
discover 17A3b; razotkriti se, razotkrijem reavati see under reiti
se (P) to disclose oneself 20.IV reiti, reim (P) to solve, to resolve 11A1;
razred m 1. class, grade (year in school); reavati, reavam, reavaju (I) [E] 1. to
2. school homeroom 5C1 address [a problem], to grapple with [a
razum m reason, intellect problem] 12
razumeti, razumem, razumeju (I/P) [E] to rezervirati, rezerviram, rezerviraju (I/P) [B,C]
understand 7A3, 7A3z to reserve 16A1a
razumevanje n [E] understanding 11A4 rezervisati, rezerviem (I/P) [B,S] to reserve
razumijevanje n [J] understanding 11A4 16A1a
razumjeti, razumijem, razumiju; razumio, reije f (pl form) [C] utility bills 9A3
razumjela (I/P) [J] to understand 7A3, reiser m; Gsg reisera [film] director 15A1
7A3z riba f fish 6A4
razvedriti se, razvedrim se (P) 14A2; razved- ribar m [professional] fisherman
ravati se, razvedravam se, razvedravaju se ribarski adj. fishing; ribarska kuica fish-
(I) to clear up [of weather, facial expression, ing hut 20.VIII
emotion] ribi m; Gsg ribia [recreational] fisherman
razveseliti (P) 15A1; razveseljavati, razveselj- 20.V; rib iki tap fishing pole 20.VIII
avam, razveseljavaju (I) to cheer up, to rije f; DLsg rijei Isg rijeju or rijei; Gpl
make happy rijei [J] word 3A2, 6A1z, 7A1z
razvoj m development rijeni adj. [J] river 20.V
rav adj. 1. bad [S only] 2A2, . 2A2 . ; rijedak, rijetka; rijetki adj. [J] rare
2. rusty rijeka f; DLsg rijeci [J] river 3
recept m; Gpl recepata 1. recipe 14A1; rijeiti, rijeim (P) to solve, to resolve 11A1;
2. medical prescription rjeavati, rjeavam, rjeavaju (I) [J] to
re f; DLsg rei Isg reju or rei Gpl rei [E] address [a problem], to grapple with [a
word 3A2, 6A1z, 7A1z problem] 12
reenica f sentence 15A2 Rim m; Gsg Rima Rome 12A3
reni adj. [E] river 20.V riskantan, riskantna adj. risky 20.IV
renik m; Npl renici [E] 1. dictionary, glos- ritam m; Gsg ritma rhythm 20.II
sary; 2. vocabulary 2A1 ria f [B,C] rice
rei [reknem]; rekao, rekla (P) to say [present rjenik m; Npl rjenici [J] 1. dictionary, glos-
tense seldom used] 7A3, 7A3 z, 12A2z, sary; 2. vocabulary 2A1
12A4z rjei adj. [J] rarer see rijedak
red m; Npl redovi 1. order; 2. line, queue rjeavati see under rijeiti
11A4; 3. schedule; reda radi for the sake roba f merchandise
of appearances, as one ought 14A2; red rod m; Npl rodovi gender; muki rod mas-
vonje train or bus schedule B.III; u culine gender; srednji rod neuter gender;
redu OK, fine 13A2 enski rod feminine gender
redak, retka; retki adj. [E] rare rodbina f relatives, kin 17A2a
redati, redam, redaju (I); poredati, poredam, roditelj m parent 4A1
poredaju (P) [B,C] to line up 14A1 roditi (P) 14A1z; raati, raam, raaju (I)
redovan, redovna adj. [B,C,S] regular 16A3b to bear, to bring forth [a child, fruit]; roditi
redovit adj. [B,C] regular 16A3b se (P) 14A3, 9; raati se, raam se,
reati, ream, reaju (P); poreati, poream, raaju se (I) to be born
poreaju (P) [B,S] to line up 14A1 rodom adv. by birth 18A3
rei adj. [E] rarer see redak roak m; Npl roaci relative (m., general)
433
8A3 present tense 17C1
roaka see under roakinja sadrati, sadrim (P) 19A1b; sadravati,
roakinja f relative (f.) sadravam, sadravaju (I) to contain see
roaka f; DLsg roaki relative (f.) [less drati
commonly used] 15A1 sag m; Npl sagovi [C] rug 8A4
roendan m birthday 12A3 sagnuti, sagnem (P); saginjati, saginjem (I) to
roeni adj. (pl form) close family 16A1b bend; sagnuti se, sagnem se (P); sag injati
rok m; Npl rokovi period, deadline 9A1 se, saginjem se (I) to bend over 20.VIII
roman m; Gsg romana novel 2A1 sakriti, sakrijem (P) 20 .VI; sakrivati, sakriv-
romanistika f; DLsg romanistici study of the am, sakrivaju (I) to hide, to conceal see
Romance languages 13B3 also skriti
rositi (I) to drizzle 14 sakupiti (P); sakupljati, sakupljam, sakupljaju
rotilj m grill 11A2 (I) [B,S] to collect, to amass 19A3b see
rub m; Npl rubovi edge 20 .IV also skupiti
ruak m; Gsg ruka Npl rukovi 1. main meal salata f 1. salad 11A2; 2. lettuce
of the day; 2. lunch 5A2, 6A1 z, . 5A2 . salon m; Gsg salona salon; frizerski salon
ruati, ruam (I/P) to dine, to have lunch hairdressers, hairdressing salon B.V
7A3z sam verbal clitic [I] am 1A1, 6A4z see under
rugati se, rugam se, rugaju se (I) to mock biti
B.V sam, samo, sama; sami pron. adj. alone, by
rujan m; Gsg rujna [C] September 6A2, oneself; na samome danu on the very day
. 6A2 . 6A3, 6A3z
ruka f; Asg ruku DLsg ruci NApl ruke Gpl samleti see under mleti
ruku 1. arm; 2. hand 4 9A2, 6A2z, . samljeti see under mljeti
10A4 .; [imati] pune ruk e posla to be samo adv. only 3A3, 6A4z
busy, to have ones hands full 9A2 poi samac m; Gsg samca 1. loner; 2. bachelor
[nekome] za rukom to be able to do 18A3 ; 18A1a
u neku ruku in a sense, in a way 7A2 samoa f solitude, loneliness 18A2a
rumen, rumena; rumeni adj. ruddy, glowing samoposluga f; DLsg samoposluzi [B,C] self-
red 17A3a service grocery store A.II
Rumunija f [B,S] Romania 1 samostalnost f; Isg -ou or -osti independence
Rumunjska f (adj. form) [C] Romania 1 12A4z
Rus m; Npl Rusi Russian (m., general) samostan m [Catholic] monastery 16A3b
ruski adj. Russian 4A4 samousluga f; DLsg samousluzi [S] self-
Ruskinja f Russian (f.) service grocery store A.II, . 12A2 .
rua f rose A .IV samrt f; Gsg samrti deathbed 18A3
ruan, runa adj. ugly 2A2 san m; Gsg sna Npl snovi 1. dream; 2. sleep
17A3a
S Sandak m region in southwestern Serbia
s, sa prep. + Gen from, down from, off 5 sanjati, sanjam (I) to dream 9A1
4A4, 4A4z, 8A4z; s nogu while standing saobraajni adj. [B,S] traffic 7A2;
12A2 saobraajna nesrea [B,S] traffic accident
s, sa prep. + Instr with 5 7A1, 7A1z, sapatnik m; Npl sapatnici [B,S] fellow suffer-
9A3z er 20.V
s, sa prep. + Acc (archaic) over to; s onu sapun m; Gsg sapuna soap
stranu on that other side 17A2a sapunica f 1. soap suds; 2. soap opera B.II
sabrati, saberem (P) 20.V, 11A1z; sabirati saradnja f [B,S] cooperation 18A3
(I) to collect see brati Sarajevo n Sarajevo see map
saekati (P) B.V ; saekivati, saekujem (I) Sarajka f; DLsg Sarajki Gpl Sarajki resident
to wait a bit see ekati of Sarajevo (f.)
SAD m; Gsg SAD-a DLsg SAD-u USA Sarajlija m; Npl Saraj lije resident of Sarajevo
[ = Sjedinjene amerike drave], United (m., general)
States of America] 4A1, 4A1z sarajevski adj. pertaining to Sarajevo 6A2
sad, sada adv. now 6A3 sastanak m; Gsg sastanka Npl sastanci meet-
sadanji adj. current, present 17C1; ing 13A3
sadanje vreme [E] sadanje vrijeme [J] sastav m composition B .II
434
sastaviti (P) 19A3b; sastavljati (I) to assem- seati se see under setiti se
ble sedam num. seven (7) 5A1, 5A1z, 12A1z
sastojak m; Gsg sastojka Npl sastojci ingredi- sedamdeset num. seventy (70) 5A1, 5A1z
ent 14A1 sedamnaest num. seventeen (17) 5A1, 5A1z,
sastojati se, sastojim se [iz] (I) to consist 12A1z
[of] 4 sedamnaesti adj. seventeenth (17th) 17A1
sasvim adv. completely 11A2 sedamsto num. seven hundred (700) 12A1z
sat m; Npl sati Gpl sat i hour, oclock 5A2 ; sedati [E] see under sesti
sat vremena for an hour 6A3, 6A2 z; sedeti, sedim (I) [S] to sit, to be sitting 6A3 ,
satima for hours A.III 11A4z
sat m; Npl satovi 1. clock 8A4; 2. class, sedmero n [C] seven (group of mixed gender)
lesson [C only] 7A4 12A2z
sav m; pron. adj. all 4 3A3, 3A3z, sedmi adj. seventh (7th) 7A1, 6A2z, 12A3z
15A2z sedmica f [B,S] week 5A3, 5A3z, 5A4z
singular forms sedmini adj. [B,S] week 16A3a
(Gen) sveg, svega 15A2 sedmorica f seven [men] 12A2z
(Dat-Loc) svem, svemu 15A2 sedmoro n [B,S] seven (group of mixed
(Instr) svim, svima gender) 12A2z
plural forms (Nom) svi seka f; DLsg seki little sister, sis
(Acc) sve 6A2 sekunda f; Gsg sekundi second [unit of time]
(Gen) svih 15A1 or sviju 14A1
(Dat-Loc-Instr) svim, svima seliti, selim (I) 1. to move; 2. to migrate
see also sav, sva, sve, svi 18A3
savet m [E] advice, counsel 16A3a seliti se, selim se (I); preseliti se, preselim se
savetovati, savetujem (I); posavetovati, (P) to move [to a new place] 18A3
posavetujem (P) [E] to advise selo n; Npl sela village 4 3A3, 4A1z,
6A1z, 7A1z, 8A1z
savetovati se, savetujem se (I); posavetovati se,
posavetujem se (P) [E] to take advice 11A4 sem prep. + Gen [S] except, besides
savez m [E] union 12A4 semestar m; Gsg semestra semester 6A2
savjet m [J] advice, counsel 16A3a sena f [E] shadow 18A1a
savjetovati, savjetujem (I); posavjetovati, seoba f migration 17A2a
posavjetujem (P) [J] to advise 11A4 septembar m; Gsg septembra [B,S] Septem-
savjetovati se, savjetujem se (I); posavjetovati ber 6A2 , . 6A2 .
se, posavjetujem se (P) [J] to take advice serija f [TV] series B .II
11A4 sesti, sednem; seo, sela (P); sedati (I) [E] to sit
savladati, savladam, savladaju (P) B.VIII; down 11A4, 11A4z
savladavati, savladavam, savladavaju (I) to sestra f; Gpl sestara 1. sister [B,C,S] 3A1 ,
gain control over 3A1z, 5A1z, 6A3z; 2. cousin [B,S]
savremen adj. [B,S] contemporary, modern 2A3; medicinska sestra nurse 11A3
savren adj. perfect 9A3 sestrica f little sister, small sister 16A1b
saznati (P) 14A2, . 17A2a .; saznavati, sestrina f cousin [C]
saznajem (I) 19A3b to find out, to learn, to setiti se (P) 12A3; seati se (I) [E] 11A3
glean see znati to remember
scena f theater stage, scene sever m [E] north 6A1z
se verbal clitic [e.g. ticati se] 5A2, 1A2z, severni adj. [E] north; Severna Amerika
6A2z, 6A3z, 9A2z, 10A1z, 10A2z, DLsg Severnoj Americi [E] North America
14A1z, 14A2z 4A1
se reflexive clitic (Acc-Gen) self see under sezona f season 16A3b
sebe shodan, shodna adj. [C] fitting, appropriate;
sebe pron. self 4; shodno + Dat in accordance with 18A3
(Acc-Gen) sebe 7A1 , 6A3z, 7A1z shvaati see under shvatiti
Dat-Loc) sebi, si [C only] 6A3, 6A3z shvatiti (P) 14A4, 15A1z; shvaati (I) 20.V
(Instr) sobom 7A1, 7A1z to understand, to grasp
sebi pron. (Dat-Loc) self 6A3, 6A3z see si verbal clitic [you] are (informal) 1A1 see
under sebe under biti
sebian, sebina adj. selfish 13A2 si reflexive clitic (Dat) [C] self 9A2 see under
435
sebe skoknuti, skoknem (P) to hop, to pop in
sii, siem; siao, sila (P) 13A4; silaziti (I) to 16A1a
descend, to get off, to get down from, to alight skoranji adj. 1. recent; 2. forthcoming,
see ii imminent 20.III
siguran, sigurna adj. safe, sure, certain skoro adv. nearly, almost B.V
14A1z skrb f; Gsg skrbi Isg skrbi [C] care, welfare
sigurno adv. certainly 3A3 3A2
sijeanj m; Gsg sijenja [C] January 6A2, skrenuti, skrenem (P) 13A4; skretati, skre-
6A2z em (I) to turn, to divert
sila f force, power skriti, skrijem (P); skrivati, skrivam, skrivaju
silan, silna adj. powerful, forceful B.V (I) to hide, to conceal 18A1a see also
sin m; Npl sinovi son 8A1 sakriti
sino adv. last night 14A3 skrivati see under skriti
sinovac m; Gsg sinovca nephew (son of skroman, skromna adj. modest, humble
brother) 20.VIII
sinovica f niece (daughter of brother) skrovit adj. secretive, mysterious 20.VIII
sipati (I/P) 1. to serve a beverage, to pour [B,S] skuhati see under kuhati
13A1, 14A1z; 2. to pour or scatter a skup m; Npl skupovi meeting, gathering
granular substance [e.g. salt, sand] [B,C,S] skup, skupa; skupi adj. expensive 7A2
sir m; Npl sirevi cheese 4A3 skupa adv. [C] together 10A4
siromaan, siromana adj. poor skupiti (P) B.VI; skupljati, skupljam,
sistem m; Gsg sistema [B,C,S] system 6A1 ; skupljaju (I) [B,C,S] to gather, to collect
sunev sistem [B,S] solar system 6A1 A.I see sakupiti
sitan, sitna adj. tiny, fine 14A1 skupiti se (P) 1. to gather as a group B .VI
situacija f situation 14A2 2. to curl up 20.V
siv, siva; sivi adj. gray 8A1, . 8A1 . skupljati see under skupiti
sjajan, sjajna adj. 1. marvelous; 2. shiny skuvati see under kuvati
16A3a slab adj. weak, feeble 5A1
sjeati se see under sjetiti se slabo adv. poorly, weakly 6A3
sjediniti, sjedinim (P); sjedinjivati, sjedinju- slabost f; Gsg slabosti Isg -ou or -osti
jem (I) to unite 12A4 weakness 19A2a
sjedinjen united 12A4; Sjedinjene Ameri- sladak, slatka; slatki adj. sweet 1A3
ke Drave (abbr. SAD) United States of sladoled m ice cream
America slai adj. sweeter see sladak
sjedati [J] see under sjesti slagati 1 see under lagati
sjediti (I) [B,C] to sit, to be sitting 6A3, slagati 2 see under sloiti
11A4z slan, slana; slani adj. salty 6A4
sjena f [J] shadow 18A1a slastica f [B,C] dessert 11A2
sjesti, sjednem; sjeo, sjela (P); sjedati (I) [J] slati, aljem (I) 6A3, 11A1z, 14A2z; poslati,
to sit down 11A4, 11A4z poaljem (P) B.II to send
sjetiti se (P) 12A3; sjeati se (I) [J] 11A3 to slatki m; Gsg slatkia a sweet, a piece of
remember candy 4A3
sjever m [J] north 6A1z Slaven m; Gsg Slavena [B,S] Slav 19A3b
sjeverni adj. [J] northern; Sjeverna Amerika slavenski adj. [B,C] Slavic 9A1, . 9A1 .
DLsg Sjevernoj Americi [J] North America slavist m [B,C] Slavist, Slavicist
4A1 slavista m Npl slaviste [B,S] Slavist, Slavicist
skladatelj m [C] composer (m., general) slavistika f; DLsg slavistici Slavic studies
11A3, 11A2z 13B3
skladateljica f [C] composer (f.) 11A3, slaviti (I) 12A3; proslaviti (P) to celebrate
11A2z 18A3
skloniti, sklonim (P) 13A2; sklanjati (I) to Slavonija f Slavonia 6
put away slavonski adj. Slavonian 8A3
skloniti se, sklonim se (P); sklanjati se (I) to slavuj m; Gsg slavuja nightingale 19A1a
take shelter 14A2 slei [slegnuti] (P); slegati, sleem (I) [E]
skoiti, skoim (P): skakati, skaem (I) to slijegati, slijeem (I) [J] [ramenima] to
jump 19A3a shrug [shoulders] 9
436
slei se [slegnuti se], slegnem se; slegao se, sluiti, sluim (I) 10A2; posluiti, posluim
slegla se (P) to settle, to form sediment (P) 13A1 to serve
14A1 sljedei adj. [J] next, the following 13A2,
sledei adj. [E] next, the following 13A2, 12A1z
12A1z smatrati, smatram, smatraju (I) consider
slegati see under slei se 11A1, 11A3z
slep, slepa; slepi adj. [E] blind 18A1a sme adj. brown
slian, slina adj. similar 11A2 smeh m; Gsg smeha Npl smehovi [E] laughter
sliiti, sliim (na) + Acc (I) [B,C] to resemble 19A1a
20.VI smejati se, smejem se (I) [E] to laugh 20.III
slijegati see under slei se see also nasmejati se
slijep, slijepa; slijepi adj. [J] blind 18A1a; smena f [E] 1. work shift; 2. replacement
slepi mi [E] slijepi mi [J] bat 6A1z
slika f; DLsg slici image, picture, painting 6A3 smestiti (P) 17A3b; smetati, smetam, smet-
slikar m painter (m., general) 11A2z aju (I) [E] 1. to situate; 2. to accommodate
slikarica f [C] painter (f.) 11A2z smean, smena; smeni adj. [E] funny,
slikarka f; DLsg slikarki; slikarki [B,S] humorous
painter (f.) 11A2z smeiti se, smeim se (I) [E] to smile A .III
slikati, slikam (I) to paint, to make a picture of smekati se [E] to grin B.V
A.VI smetaj m [E] accommodation 16A2a
sloboda f freedom, liberty 19A2b smetati, smetam, smetaju (I) + Dat to bother
slobodan, slobodna adj. free 16A2b 11A4
slon m; Npl slonovi elephant smet en, smetena adj. confused B .VI
Sloven m; Gsg Slovena [B,S] Slav 19A3b smeti, smem (P) [E] 1. to dare; 2. may; 3. to
Slovenac m; Gsg Slovenca Slovenian (m., be allowed 12A3, 10A1z, 12A3z
general) smijati se, smijem se (I) [J] to laugh 20.III
slovenaki adj. [B,S] Slovenian 6, . 9A1 . see also nasmijati se
Slovenija f Slovenia 1 smijeh m; Gsg smijeha Npl smjehovi [J]
Slovenka f; DLsg Slovenki Gpl Slovenki laughter 19A1a
Slovenian (f.) smjena f [J] 1. work shift; 2. replacement
6A1z
slovenski adj. [B,S] Slavic 9A1, . 9A1 .
smjestiti (P) 17A3b; smjetati, smjetam,
slovenski adj. [C] Slovenian 6, . 9A1 .
smjetaju (I) [J] 1. to situate; 2. to accom-
sloen adj. complex 19A1b
modate
sloiti, sloim (P); slagati, slaem (I) to arrange
smijean, smijena; smijeni adj. [J] funny,
20.II
humorous
sloiti se, sloim se (P); slagati se, slaem se (I)
smijeiti se, smijeim se (I) [J] to smile
to agree with 10A4
A.III
sluaj m; Npl sluajevi 1. case, instance;
smiraj m [C] tranquility 20.II
kojim sluajem by some chance B.V
smisao m; Gsg smisla sense, meaning 16A3a
2. event 14A3
smisliti (P) 16A1a; smiljati, smiljam, smilj-
sluajan, sluajna adj. random, chance, acci-
aju (I) to come up with, to devise see misli-
dental 14A3
ti
sluajnost f; Gsg sluajnosti Isg -ou or -osti
smjekati se (I) [J] to grin B.V
coincidence B.VII; koja sluajnost what
smjetaj m [J] accommodation 16A2a
a coincidence B.VII
smjeti, smijem (I) [J] 1. to dare; 2. may;
sluga m, f; DLsg sluzi or slug i Npl sluge Gpl
3. to be allowed 12A3, 10A1z, 12A3z
slugu or sluga servant 7A3
smo verbal clitic [we] are 1A1 see under biti
slualica f [telephone] receiver A .VII
smokva f; Gpl smokava or smokvi fig 5A1
sluati (I) 1. to listen to 7A3; 2. to obey;
smotra f; Gpl smotri review, survey 16A2a;
3. to attend a university course 6A2, 6A2z
smotra folkora folklore festival 16A2a
slutiti, slutim (I) 1. to sense dimly; 2. to
smrt f; Gsg smrti Isg smru death 17A2a
suspect 18A1a
snaga f; DLsg snazi power, force 12A4,
sluba f service; sluba za zapoljavanje 6A4z
employment service 11A4 snaan, snana adj. powerful 15A1
slubeni adj. official, business; slubeni put sneg m; Npl snegovi [E] snow 14A2
business trip 14A2
437
snijeg m; Npl snjegovi [J] snow 14A2 spremaju (I) to prepare 7A1
snimiti, snimim (P) 19A3b; snimati, snimam, sprovesti, sprovedem; sproveo, sprovela (P)
snimaju (I) to record [on tape or on film] 16A1a; sprovod iti, sprovodim (I) to carry
snivati, snivam, snivaju (I) to dream 18A1a out, to realize, to put into effect see voditi
so f; Gsg soli Isg solju or soli [B,S] salt spustiti, spustim (P) 13A2; sputati, sputam,
soba f room 6A1 ; dnevna soba living room sputaju (I) to lower, to put down A .VII
16A1b; spavaa soba bedroom 16A1b see pustiti
sobni adj. room 8A4 sputati see under spustiti
sobom pron. (Instr) self 7A1z see under Srbija f Serbia 1
sebe Srbin m; Npl Srbi Serb (m., general) 4
socijalan, socijalna adj. social; socijalna po- 1A4
mo [B,S] socijalna skrb [C] welfare 3A2 srce n; Gpl srca or srdaca heart 15A1
sok m; Gsg soka Npl sokovi juice 4A3, 4A3z srdaan, srdana adj. heartfelt, warm 16A2b
sol f; Gsg soli Isg solju or soli [C] salt srebro n silver
sonet m; Gsg soneta sonnet 18A3 srea f 1. happiness; 2. fortune, luck 8A3 ;
sopstven adj. [B,S] own 15A2 sreom luckily, fortunately 14A3
spajalica f paper clip srean, srena adj. [B,S] 1. happy; 2. fortu-
spajati see under spojiti nate, lucky 2A2; srean put [B,S] bon
spasiti, spasim (P); spaavati, spaavam, spa- voyage 12A3
avaju (I) [C] to save, to rescue 13 sreda f ; Asg sredu [E] Wednesday 2A1;
spasti, spasem (P); spasavati, spasavam, spas- sredom on Wednesdays 7A2z
avaju (I) [B,S] to save, to rescue 13 sredina f middle, mean 7A4
spavanje n sleep 7A3 srednji adj. middle
spavati, spavam, spavaju (I) to sleep 7A3 , srednjevekovni adj. [E] Middle Ages, medie-
7A3z val 16A3b
specifian, specifina adj. specific B .IV srednjevjekovni adj. [J] [B/S] Middle Ages,
specijalitet m; Gsg specijaliteta specialty medieval 16A3b
11A2 srednjovjekovni adj. [C] Middle Ages, medie-
spetljati se (P) B.VI; spetljavati se, spet- val 16A3b
ljavam se, spetljavaju se (I) to bumble sredstvo n; Gpl sredstava apparatus, tool;
spevati (P) [E] to compose verse or a song sredstva means, funds
19A3b Srem m [E] region of western Vojvodina and
spisak m; Gsg spiska Npl spiskovi [B,C,S] list eastern Slavonia
spisateljica f writer (f.) 11A2z sresti, sretnem (P); sretati, sreem (I) to meet;
spjevati (P) [J] to compose verse or a song B.IV see also susresti
19A3b sretan, sretna adj. [B,C] 1. happy; 2. for-
spojiti, spojim (P) B.VIII; spajati, spajam, tunate, lucky 2A2 ; sretan put [B,C] bon
spajaju (I) 18A3 to connect, to bind voyage 12A3
together sretati see under sresti
spomenik m; Npl spomenici monument srijeda f ; Asg srijedu [J] Wednesday 2A1;
16A3b srijedom on Wednesdays 7A2 z
spomenuti, spomenem (P) [B,C] 16A1b; spo- Srijem m [J] region of eastern Slavonia and
minjati, spominjem (I) B.VII to mention western Vojvodina
spominjati see under spomenuti srknuti, srknem (P); srkati, srem (I) to sip
sport m; Npl sportovi [B,S] sports 16A1b 14A1
sposobnost f; Gsg sposobnosti Isg -ou or -osti sroiti (P) to formulate, to compose 16A1a
capability, competence 10A3 srpanj m; Gsg srpnja [C] July 6A2, . 6A2 .
spoznati (P) 20.III; spoznavati, spoznajem (I) Srpkinja f Serb (f.) 1A4
to realize, to comprehend, to recognize [the srpski adj. Serbian 2
truth] see znati stajati, stojim (I) 1. to stand 6A1, 11A4z,
sprat m; Npl spratovi [B,S] floor, story 6A1 12A4z stajati u redu to stand in line
spreman, spremna adj. prepared, ready 15A1 11A4; 2. + Dat to suit, to fit
spremanje n 1. preparation, readying; stajalite n tram or bus stop
2. housekeeping 15A1 staklo n; Gpl stakala glass (material)
spremati see under spremiti stalan adj. permanent, constant; oni se stalno
spremiti, spremim (P); spremati, spremam, svaaju theyre always fighting 15A2z
438
stalo [mu je] do + Gen it mattered to [him] stipendija f scholarship, stipend 16A1a
18A1b see also stati stipendiranje n financing, funding 16A1a
stan m; Npl stanovi apartment, flat 7A4 stiati (P) 14A4, 14A1z; stiavati, stiavam,
stanarina f rent 9A3 stiavaju (I) to quiet down
stanica f 1. station 5A3, 6A1z, . 9A3 .; 2. stizati see under stii
[bus or tram] stop 13A4; policijska stanica stjecaj m [C] concurrence, coincidence;
[B,S] police station . 9A3 .; autobusna stjecajem okolnosti as it turned out
[C] autobuska [B,S] stanica bus station stjecati see under stei
. 9A3 .; radio stanica [B,S] radio station sto num. hundred (100) 6A1, 5A1z, 12A1z
. 9A3 .; eleznika stanica [E] eljeznika sto m; Gsg stola Npl stolovi [B,S] table 6A1 ;
stanica [J] [B/S] train station 5A3, . 9A3 . pisai sto desk 12A1
stol m; Gsg stola Npl stolovi [C] table 6A1 ;
see also kolodvor
pisai stol desk 12A1
stanovanje n living, residing 9A3
stolar m [B,C] carpenter 11A2z
stanovati, stanujem (I) to reside, to live at
9A1 stolica f chair 4A4
stanovnik m; Npl stanovnici inhabitant, stoljee n [B,C] century 17A2a
resident stomak m; Gsg stomaka [S] stomach, gut, ab-
stanovnitvo n; Gpl stanovnitava, stanov- domen 10A4, . 10A4 .
nitva [B,C,S] population; popis stomatologija f dentistry 13B3
stanovnitva census stopalo n foot 10A4, . 10A4 .
stanje n condition 14A3 stotina f hundred; stotinu one hundred
star, stara; stari adj. 1. old 6A3 , 11A1z; 12A1, 12A2, . 12A2 .
2. colloq. (long form only) male or female stotinjak m a hundred or so 12A1z
parent 9A4, . 9A4 .; Stari zavet [E] Stari strah m; Npl strahovi fear 10A3; strah [ga]
zavjet [J] Old Testament 17C1 je [he] is afraid 10A3, . 10A3 .
starost f; DLsg starosti Isg -ou or -osti 1. stran, strana; strani adj. foreign 16A1a;
age; 2. old age strani jezik foreign language B .I
stati, stanem (P); stajati, stajem (I) 1. to stand strana f 1. side 8A4; s jedne strane ... s
up, to get up 6A1, 11A4z, 14A2z; 2. to druge strane on the one hand ... on the
stop 11A3; 3. to start [doing something] other hand 8A4z; 2. slope 18A1a;
15A2 see also stalo [mu je], nestati, ostati, 3. page; s onu stranu over to that other side
postati, prestati, rastati 17A2a
staviti (P) 6A3, 10A1z; stavljati (I) 6A4 to stranac m; Gsg stranca foreigner (m., general)
put 16A2b
stavljati see under staviti stranica f page 13A3; web stranica web
ste verbal clitic 1. [you] are (plural); 2. you page
are (formal) 1A1, 1A1z see under biti strankinja f foreigner (f.)
steak m; Npl steci Bosnian medieval strastan, strasna adj. passionate 18A2a
tombstone . 17A4 . straan, strana adj. terrible, awful 8A1
stei, steknem; stekao, stekla (P) sticati, stiem strano adv. terribly 3A1
[B,C,S], stjecati, stjeem [C] (I) to acquire, strela f [E] arrow 19A3a
to get B .VIII strepeti, strepim (I) [B,S] to live in fear
stepen m; Gpl stepena or stepeni [B,S] 1. de- B.V
gree [of temperature]; 2. step; 3. stage strepiti, strepim (I) [B,C] to live in fear
16A3a B.V
sticaj m [B,S] concurrence, coincidence; stric m; Npl strievi [B,C,S] paternal uncle
sticajem okolnosti as it turned out 5A3, 5A3z
sticati see under stei strijela f [J] arrow 19A3a
stii [stignuti], stignem; stigao, stigla (P) 6 strina f [B,C,S] aunt 5A3
9A4; stizati, stiem (I) 14A4 1. to arrive; strofa f stanza 17A1b
2. to catch up with; 3. to get around to 10 strog adj. strict 6A3
stignuti see under stii strojar m [C] mechanic 11A2z
stih m; Npl stihovi verse 17A1b strojarstvo n [C] mechanical engineering
stil m; Npl stilovi style 20.V 13B3
stilski adj. stylistic 19A1b strop m; Npl stropovi [C] ceiling 8A4
strog adj. strict 6A3
439
stropni adj. [C] ceiling 8A4 sunce n sun 6A1; sunev sistem [B,S]
stroi adj. stricter see strog sunev sustav [C] solar system 6A1
strpljenje n patience 8A1 supa f [B,S] soup 11A2
strpljiv adj. patient 8A1 suparnik m; Npl suparnici rival 18A3
strunjak m; Npl strunjaci expert 16A2 suparnitvo n rivalry 18A3
struja f 1. current; 2. electricity supatnik m; Npl supatnici [C] fellow sufferer
struka f; DLsg struci profession, occupation 20.V
11A3 super adv. terrific 3A1
studeni m; Gsg studenog [C] November 6A2, suprug m; Npl supruzi spouse (m.) 7A2
. 6A2 . supruga f; DLsg supruzi spouse (f.) 7A2
student m; Gpl studenata university student, suptilan, suptilna adj. subtle 20.V
(m., general) 1A1, 3A1z sur, sura; suri adj. (archaic) gray 17A3a
studentica f [B,C] university student (f.) 1A4 suradnja f [C] cooperation 18A3
studentkinja f [B,S] university student (f.) susjed m [B,C] neighbor (m.) 6A4
1A4 susjeda f [B,C] neighbor (f.) 6A4
studentski adj. student; studentski dom susresti, susretnem (P) 20 .IV ; susretati, su-
student dormitory 7A4 sreem (I) B.V to meet with see sresti
studij m study [of a discipline], studies 16A1b susretati see under susresti
studijski adj. study-related 9A1 sustav m [C] system; sunev sustav [C]
studirati, studiram, studiraju (I) to study, to solar system 6A1
be a university student 6A2 suton m dusk 18A1a
stupanj m; Gsg stupnja Npl stupnjevi [C] sutra adv. tomorrow 2A1 ; sjutra tomorrow
degree [of temperature] 16A3a (Montenegrin) . 19A3b .
stupiti, stupim (P) 1. to step; 2. to begin sutradan adv. the next day 14A2
16A2a; stupiti u vezu to get in touch suv, suva; suvi adj. [S] dry 18A1a
16A2a suvie adv. too much, excessively 16A3a
stvar f; Gsg stvari Isg stvarju or stvari thing suvremen adj. [C] contemporary, modern
4 3A3, 3A2z, 8A1z sui adj. drier see suh [B,C] suv [S]
stvarati see under stvoriti suza f tear (from crying)
stvarno adv. really, truly 2A2 sva f: pron. adj. all 4 3A3, 3A3z,
stvarnost f; Gsg stvarnosti Isg -ou or -osti 15A2z;
reality singular forms
stvor m; Gsg stvora creature B.VI (Acc) svu
stvoriti, stvorim (P) 17A4; stvarati, stvaram, (Dat-Loc) svoj 15A2
stvaraju (I) 3 to create (Instr) svom
su verbal clitic [they] are 1A4 see under biti plural forms
subota f Saturday 2A1; subotom on (Nom) sve
Saturdays 7A2z (Acc) sve 6A2
sud m; Gsg suda Npl sudovi court of law (Gen) svih 15A1 or sviju
6A1z (Dat-Loc-Instr) svim, svima 15A2
sud m; Npl sudovi [B,S] dish [e.g. plate, bowl] see also sav, sve, svi
12A2
svadba f; Gpl svadaba or svadbi wedding
sudac m; Gsg suca Npl suci [C] judge 5A3
B.VIII
sudariti se (P) B .V; sudarati se (I) to
svaditi se (P); svaati se (I) to quarrel, to fight
collide
15A2z
sudija m; Npl sudije [B,S] judge 5A3 svaati se (I) see under svaditi se
suditi, sudim (I) to judge 20.VI svakako adv. certainly 2A4
sudjelovati, sudjelujem [B,C] to participate svaki adj. every; svaki dan every day 6A4
16A1a
svako pron.; Gsg svakoga [B,S] everyone
suen adj. destined 20.VI
svakodnevan, svakodnevna adj. everyday
suh, suha; suhi adj. [B,C] dry 18A1a
B.III
sukobiti se (P) 18A3; sukobljavati se, sukoblj-
svakidanjica f everyday life, the common-
avam se, sukobljavaju se (I) to clash
place 20.III
sumnjati, sumnjam, sumnjaju (I); posumnjati,
svata pron.; Gsg svaega DLsg svaemu Isg
posumnjam, posumnjaju (P) to doubt
svaim 1. all sorts of things 9A3z;
10A3
2. nonsense
440
svatko pron.; Gsg svakoga [C] everyone (Acc) sve 6A2
sve n; pron. everything 4 2A3, 3A3, (Gen) svih 15A1 or sviju
3A3z, 14A2z, 15A2z (Dat-Loc-Instr) svim, svima
(Gen) sveg, svega see also sav, sve, svi
(Dat-Loc) svem, svemu svibanj m; Gsg svibnja [C] May 6A2 , 6A2z
(Instr) svim, svima sviice f (pl form) (archaic) undergarment
plural forms 19A3a
(Nom) sva svideti se (P) 10A2; sviati se, sviam se,
(Acc) sva sviaju se (I) [E] 6A4, 6A4z, 10A2z to be
(Gen) svih or sviju pleasing to; svia mi se I like 6A4, 641z
(Dat-Loc-Instr) svim, svima svidjeti se, svidim se; svidio se, svidjela se (P)
see also sav, sve, svi; 10A2; sviati se, sviam se, sviaju se (I) [J]
sve bolje better and better 15A1z [B,C,S] 6A4, 6A4z, 10A2z to be pleasing
sve f; pl pron. adj. see under sva to; svia mi se I like 6A4, 6A4 z,
svea f [E] candle sviati se see svideti se [E] svidjeti se [J]
sveenik m; Npl sveenici [B,C] [Catholic] svijest f; Gsg svijesti Isg svijeu or svijesti [J]
priest, minister 11A2z 1. consciousness; 2. conscience
svedoiti, svedoim (I) [E] to testify B.VIII svijet m; Npl svjetovi [J] world 17A2a
svedok m; Gsg svedoka [E] witness 20.IV svinja f pig, swine
sveg, svega see under sav, sve svinjetina f pork
svejedno adv. all the same 7A4; svejedno mi svirati, sviram, sviraju (I) to play [an instru-
je it doesnt matter to me, I don't care 7A4 ment] 18A3
svemir m [B,C,S] universe 6A1, 6A1z svjea f [J] candle
svem, svemu see under sav, sve svjedoiti, svjedoim (I) [J] to testify B .VIII
sveska f; DLsg svesci Gpl svezaka or sveski svjedok m; Gsg svjedoka [J] witness 20.IV
[B,S] 1. notebook 1A2; 2. volume [ = book] svjestan, svjesna [J] conscious, aware B .IV
[B,S] svjetiljka f; DLsg svjetiljci Gpl svjet iljka or
svest f; Gsg svesti Isg sveu or svesti [E] svjetiljaka [J] lamp 20.V
1. consciousness; 2. conscience svjetlo n; Gpl svjetala [J] light [ = source of
svestan, svesna adj. [E] aware, conscious light] 8A4
B.IV svjetlost f; Gsg svjetlosti Isg -ou or -osti [J]
svetenik m; Npl svetenici [B,S] [Catholic] light (radiated light) 17C1
priest, minister 11A2z svjetski adj. [J] world 12A4 ; Prvi svjetski
svet m; Npl svetovi [E] world 17A2a rat First World War 12A4; Drugi svjetski
svet, sveta; sveti adj. holy, sacred; Sveto pis- rat Second World War 12A4
mo Holy Scripture, the Bible 17C2 svje adj. [J] 1. fresh; 2. cool 7A1; svjei
svetiljka f; DLsg svetiljci Gpl svetiljka or sir cottage cheese 7A1
svetiljaka [E] lamp 20.V svog m,n; Gsg ones own see under svoj
svetlo n; Gpl svetala [E] light [ = source of svoj, svoje, svoja pron. adj. ones own 5A3,
light] 8A4 5A3z
svetlost f; Gsg svetlosti Isg -ou or -osti [E] svoj f; DLsg all see under sva
light (radiated light) 17C1 svojevrstan, svojevrsna adj. [one] of a kind
svetski adj. [E] world 12A4; Prvi svetski rat 20.I
First World War 12A4; Drugi svetski rat svom m,n; DLsg ones own see under svoj
Second World War 12A4 svom f; Isg all see under sva
sveuilini adj. [C] university 16A2a svratiti, svratim (P) 14A2, 12A4z; svraati,
sveuilite n [C] university 6A2, 6A1z, svraam, svraaju (I) to stop by see vratiti
. 5A2 . svrha f; DLsg svrsi purpose 6A2, 6A2z
sveza f [C] connection 13A2 ; u svezi [C] in svravati see under svriti
connection [with] 13A2 svren adj. 1. perfective; 2. completed;
sve adj. [E] 1. fresh 7A1; 2. cool; svei sir svren vid perfective aspect
cottage cheese 7A1 svriti, svrim (P) 15A1, 15A1z; svravati,
svi m; pl pron. everyone 4 12A2, 3A3z, svravam, svravaju (I) 17A2a to end, to
6A1z, 14A2z, 15A2z; finish
plural forms svuda adv. in every direction, everywhere
(Nom) svi
441
ah m chess 9A2 z lag m whipped cream
aka f; DLsg aci 1. hand; 2. fist 10A4, ljiva f plum 4A3
. 10A4 . olja [B,S] [coffee, tea] cup 14A1
alica f [B,C] [coffee, tea] cup 14A1 panac m; Gsg panca [B,S] Spaniard (m.,
aliti se (I) to joke B .III general)
aljiv adj. jocular, joking 15A1 panija f [B,S] Spain 4A1
angaj m Shanghai 9A1 pankinja f [S] Spaniard (f.)
ank m; Npl ankovi bar 12A2; puiti za panski adj. [B,S] Spanish B.I
ankom to smoke at the bar 12A2 panjolac m; Gsg panjolca [C] Spaniard (m.,
ansa f; Gpl ansi chance B .VI general)
apat m whisper; aptom or apatom in a panjolka m; panjolka f; DLsg panjolki Gpl
whisper 20.VI panjolki [B,C] Spaniard (f.)
apnuti, apnem (P); aptati, apem (I) to panjolska f (adj. form) [B,C] Spain 4A1
whisper 18A1a panjolski adj. [B,C] Spanish B .I
aptati see under apnuti poret m [B,S] stove 14A1
aren, arena adj. colorful 5A1 port m; Npl portovi [C] sport, sports 16A1b
argarepa f [S] carrot ta pron. [B,S] what 4 1A2, 4A2z,
ator m tent 19A1b 6A2z, 7A1z, 9A2z, 9A3z;
eer m sugar 7A1 (Gen) ega
ef m; Npl efovi boss (m., general) 11A2z (Dat-Loc) emu
efica f boss (f.) 11A2z (Instr) im, ime
eretski jocular, joking B.IV ma ta no matter what 20.VI; bilo ta pron
eir m; Gsg eira hat 11A1 whatever, anything at all . 18A3 .
esnaest num. sixteen (16) 5A1 , 5A1z tampa f; Gpl tampi [B,S] the press
esnaesti adj. sixteenth (16th) 16A1 tampati (I) [B,S] to print 20.V
est num. six (6) 5A2 , 5A1z tap m; Npl tapovi 1. rod; 2. walking cane
estero n [C] six (group of mixed gender) 20.VIII; ribiki tap fishing rod 20.VIII
12A2z tednjak m [B,C] stove 14A1
esti adj. sixth (6th) 6A1, 6A2z, 12A3z teta f 1. a shame, too bad; 2. damage 13A3
estorica f six [men] 12A2z to pron. [C] what 4 1A2, 4A2z,
estoro n [B,S] six (group of mixed gender) 6A2z, 7A1z, 9A2z, 9A3z;
12A2z (Gen) ega
eststo num. six hundred (600) 12A1z (Dat-Loc) emu
etati, etam, etaju (I) B .IV ; proetati, pro- (Instr) im, ime
etam, proetaju (P) 20 .V to walk, to stroll ma to no matter what 20.VI; bilo to pron
etnja f; Gpl etnji walk, stroll 12A2 whatever, anything at all . 18A3 .
ezdeset num. sixty (60) 5A1, 5A1z to conj. [B,C,S] that 12A3, 9A3z, 12A3z,
iri adj. wider, broader see irok 13A4z; to se mene tie as far as I am
iriti, irim (I); rairiti, rairim (P) to spread concerned 5A2 ; to pre [E] prije [J] as
[something] out 16A1b; iriti se, irim se soon as possible 13A2
(I); rairiti se, rairim se (P) to spread to quest. why [ = zato] B .V
irok, iroka; iroki adj. wide, broad 14A3 trudla f strudel 20.III
irom adv. throughout, across 16A3b uma f forest 20.VIII
ianje n haircut umadija f region of central Serbia
iati, iam, iaju (I); oiati, oiam, oiaju umarstvo n forestry 13B3
(P) to give a haircut unka f; Gpl unki ham A.II
iati se, iam se, iaju se (I), oiati se, oi- uteti, ut im (I) [E] to be silent, to shut up
am se, oiaju se (P) to get a haircut B .IV B.IV see also pouteti, zauteti
imi m [B,C,S] bat [mammal] utjeti, ut im; ut io, utjela (I) [B,C] to be
kola f school 5C1, 6A1 z; silent, to shut up B .IV see also poutjeti,
osnovna kola elementary school; srednja zautjeti
kola secondary school vedska f (adj. form) Sweden B.II
kolski adj. school, scholastic; kolska god- vedski adj. Swedish B.II
ina school year 6A2
kolj m small island, atoll 17A3a T
krt adj. 1. meager; 2. miserly 20.II ta f. pron. adj. this, that 4 1A2
442
(Acc sg) tu tele n; Gsg teleta calf 8A2, 8A2z
(Gen sg) te telefon m; Gsg telefona telephone 8A3
(Dat-Loc sg) toj telefonirati, telefoniram, telefoniraju (I/P) to
(Instr sg) tom phone A.VII
see also taj (m), to (n) telefonski adj. telephone 16A2b
tabla f; Gpl tabli [B,S] blackboard 4A4 telev izija f television [ = programming] 3A3,
taan, tana adj. [B,S] accurate, precise 6A1 . 12A2 .
taka f; Gpl taaka [B,S] 1. point; 2. period telev izijski adj. pertaining to television B.II
[Am.], full stop [Brit.] [punctuation mark]; telev izor m television [ = set] . 12A2 .
3. [performance] number 15A1 telo n; Npl tela, telesa body
tada adv. then, at that time 14A1 tema f theme, topic 16A2a
taj, to, ta pron. adj. this, that 4 1A2 temelj m foundation 16A2a
taj m. pron. adj. this, that 1A2 temperatura f 1. temperature 16A3a; 2. fever
(Acc-Gen) tog, toga teologija f theology 13B3
(Dat-Loc) tom, tome tepih m; Npl tepisi [B,S] rug 8A4
(Instr) tim, time see also ta (f), to (n) terati (I); pot erati (P) [E] to drive away, to
tajanstven adj. mysterious B .V chase . 19A3b .
tajna f; Gpl tajni or tajna secret terenski adj. field [e.g. field work] 16A2a
takav, takvo, takva pron. adj. that sort of teret m load, burden 16A1a
16A3b teretana f gym, weight-lifting facility A.V
tako adv. so, thus, such 3A1; kako ... tako tesan, tesna; tesni adj. [E] tight, close
both ... and 18A3 tako je right! 4A2; i tesar m [B,S] carpenter 11A2z
tako dalje (abbr. itd.) and so forth, etcetera testo n [E] dough, batter
16A1a; tako-tako so-so 3A1 testenine f (pl form) [E] pasta
takoe adv. [B,S] also 4A1 tenji adj. [E] tighter, closer see tesan
takoer adv. [B,C] also 4A1 tetak m; Gsg tetka Npl tet ci [B,C,S] aunts
taksi m; Gsg taksija taxi 11A3 husband 5A3
taksiranje n taxidriving 11A3 tetka f; Gpl tetaka [B,C,S] aunt [ = mothers
taksist m [C] taxi driver 11A3 sister or fathers sister] 4 5A3
taksista m; Npl taksiste [B,S] taxi driver tetreb m [E] grouse; ko tetreb se zaljubiti
11A3
to fall head over heels in love B.VII
talas m [B,S] wave 15A1
tetrijeb m [J] grouse; ko tetrijeb se zaljubiti
talijanski adj. [B,C] Italian B .II
to fall head over heels in love B.VII
talog m; Npl talozi dregs, sediment 14A1
teak, teka adj. 1. difficult 6A3; 2. heavy
tama f darkness 17A4
3A3, 11A2z, . 16A2 .
taman, tamna; tamni adj. dark 18A1a
tei adj 1. heavier 2. more difficult 11A2z
tamnica f dungeon 19A3a
see teak
tamo adv. there 1A2, 9A2z
ti pron. you (informal) 4 1A1, 2A1 z,
tanak, tanka adj. slender, thin 3A3, 11A2z
2A2z, 7A1z
tanji adj. thinner, more slender see tanak
(Acc-Gen) tebe, te
tanjir m; Gsg tanjira [B,S] plate A .VI
(Dat) tebi, ti
tanjur m; Gsg tanjura [C] plate A.VI
(Instr) tobom
tata m; Npl tate Dad 9A4
for pl see vi
te conj. and thus, then 4
ti pron. clitic you 6A4z see ti
te pron. clitic you 2A1z see under ti
tica colloq. bird 17A2a see ptica
tebe pron. you 6A3z, 7A1z see under ti
ticati se, tie se (I) + Gen (3rd person only) to
tebi pron. you 6A3z, 7A1 z, see under ti
concern, to have to do with; to se mene tie
tea m; Npl tee [S] aunts husband 5A3
as far as I am concerned 5A2, 5A2 z, 6A4z
teaj m; Npl teajevi or teaji [B,C,S] course
tih, tiha; tihi adj. quiet 20.VI, 11A2z
[e.g. language] 16A2b
tijek m; Npl tijekovi [C] flow, current, course
tei, teem, teku; tekao, tekla (I) to flow 6
B.IV ; u tijeku [C] underway, in the
3,11A2z see also protei
course of B.IV
tek adv. just, only 6A2
tijekom prep. + Gen [C] during 16A2a
teka f; DLsg teci [B] school notebook 1A2
tijelo n; Npl tijela or tjelesa body
tekst m text 17A4 ; gornji tekst the
tijesan, tijesna; tijesni adj. [J] tight, close
preceding text
tijesto n [J] dough, batter
443
tip m; Npl tipovi type, kind 16A3b Bosnia] 11A3
tisak m; Gsg tiska [C] the press traiti, traim (I) to seek, to look for 3A1
tiskati (I) [C] to print 20.V see istraiti
tisua f [B,C] thousand 12A1, 12A1z; trbuh m; Npl trbusi 1. belly [B,C,S]; 2. stom-
tisuu one thousand (1,000) 12A1, 12A1z, ach [C] 10A4, . 10A4 .
. 12A2 . trati, trim (I) to run A.V
tii adj. quieter 11A2z see tih trebati (I) 1. to need [as in trebam auto [B,C
tiina f silence 15A2 only] or + Dat treba mi auto I need the
t.j. abbr. (to jest) i.e., that is car] 11A2; 2. ought, must, need (11A4,
tjedan m; Gsg tjedna [C] week 5A3 , 5A3z 11A2z, 11A4z, 12A3z, 13A3z, 14A1z
tjedni adj. [C] weekly 16A3a trei adj. third (3rd) 3A1, 6A2z, 12A1z,
tjerati (I); potjerati (P) [E] to drive away, to 12A3z; trea godina junior year [in
chase; erati (I); poerati (P) to drive away, secondary school or at the university] 16A1a
to chase (Montenegrin) . 19A3b . treina f one third (1/3) 12A1, 12A1z
tjestenine f (pl form) [J] pasta tren m [B,C,S] moment; istog trena that
tjenji adj. [J] tighter, closer see tijesan very moment 14A1
tko pron. [C] who 4 1A1, 1A1z, trenutano adv. [C] at the moment 16A2a
2A2z, 6A2z, 7A1z, 9A3z trenutak m; Gsg trenutka Npl trenuci [B,C,S]
(Acc-Gen) koga 2A2z moment 3A2, 5A4z, 6A1z
(Dat) komu 6A2z tresti, tresem; tresao, tresla (I) to shake 6
(Loc) kom, kome 6A2z 10A1z
(Instr) kim, kime 7A1z trg m; Npl trgovi town square 13A4
tkogod pron [C] someone or other 16A2a trgovina f [B,C,S] shop, store 12A2, . 12A2 .
to n: pron.adj. this, that 1A2 , 9A3z tri num. three (3) 4A2, 4A3z, 12A2z
(Acc-Gen) tog, toga trideset num. thirty (30) 5A1, 5A1z, 12A1z,
(Dat-Loc) tom, tome; tim, time 14A1z
(Instr sg) see also ta, taj triler m thriller 7A3
tobom pron. you 7A1z see under ti trinaest num. thirteen (13) 5A1
toan, tona adj. [C] accurate, precise 6A1 trinaesti adj. thirteenth (13th) 13A1
toiti (I) [C] to serve a beverage, to pour 13A1 trista num. [B,S] three hundred (300) 12A1z
toka f; Gpl toaka [C] 1. point; 2. period tristo num. [B,C,S] three hundred (300)
[Am.], full stop [Brit.] (punctuation mark); 12A1z
3. [performance] number 15A1 trnuti, trnem (I); utrnuti, utrnem (P) to extin-
tok m; Gsg toka [B,S] flow, current, course guish, to go out 17A3a
B.IV troje n three, threesome (group of mixed
tokom prep. + Gen [B,S] during 16A2a gender) 12A1z
toliko adv. so many; so much 16A1a trojica f three [men] 12A1z
tonuti (I); utonuti, utonem (P) to sink 18A1a trokut m [B,C] triangle
topao, topla; topli adj. warm 4A3 trosed m [E] sofa with place for three people to
toplota f warmth 16A3b sit 20.I
toranj m; Gsg tornja tower 18A1a trosjed m [J] sofa with place for three people to
torba f; Gpl torbi 1. bag, sack 6A1 ; 2. purse sit 20.I
tost m; Npl tostovi [grilled] bread 7A1; troak m; Npl trokovi expense(s) 9A3
grilled cheese sandwich troan, trona adj. run-down, worn 20.VIII
tradicija f tradition 16A2a troiti (I); potroiti, potroim (P) to spend,
tradicionalan, tradicionalna adj. traditional to waste 20.IV
19A3b trotoar m; Gsg trotoara [B,S] sidewalk
trag m; Npl tragovi trace, track 20.VII 14A3
trajan, trajna adj. enduring, lasting, trougao m; Gsg trougla [B,S] triangle
permanent trpezarija f [B,S] dining room 16A1b
trajanje n duration 16A3a trud m; Npl trudovi 1. effort 16A2a; 2. labor
trajati, trajem (I) to last, to endure 6A2 pain
trajekt m; Gpl trajekata ferry 7A2 trudna adj. f pregnant B.II
tramvaj m tram 7A2 truditi se, trudim se (I); potruditi se, potrudim
travanj m; Gsg travnja [C] April 6A2, . 6A2 . se (P) to make an effort 16A1a
travniki adj. of or related to Travnik [town in trnica f [B,C] marketplace A.I
444
tu adv. here 4A2 uiniti see initi se
tui, tuem; tukao, tukla (I) to spank, to beat uitelj m teacher (m., general) 5A1, 11A2z
8 uiteljica f teacher (f.) 4 8A1z,11A2z
tuda adv. that way, this way, in that/this direc- uiti (I) to study 2A1, 2A1z, 9A1z, 9A4 z,
tion 10A2z, 10A4z see also nauiti
tuga f; DLsg tuzi sorrow 15A1 ulaniti, ulanim (P) 16A2b; ulanjivati,
tugovati, tugujem (I) to grieve 15A1, 15A1z ulanjujem (I) to become a member, to
tulipan m [B,C] tulip A.IV join up
tuma m; Gsg tumaa interpreter 19A2b ui, uem; uao, ula (P) 12A2, 12A4z;
tup, tupa; tupi adj. dull, blunt ulaziti (I) B.V , 13A4z
tuplji adj. duller, blunter see tup to enter, to go in see ii
Turin m; Npl Turci Apl Turke Gpl Turaka udati se (P); udavati se, udajem se (I) to get
Turk (m., general) 4 married [said of a woman] (often used with za
turistiki adj. tourist; turistika agencija + Acc) B.II see dati
tourist agency 16A2a udoban, udobna adj. comfortable 11A2
Turkinja f Turk (f.) udbenik m; Npl udbenici textbook 1A2 ,
turski adj. 1. Turkish; 2. Ottoman 3A3z
tuan, tuna; tuni adj. sad 2A2 ugao m; Gsg ug la Npl uglovi 1. angle [B,S];
tvoj, tvoje, tvoja pron. adj. your, yours 2. corner [B,C,S]
[informal] 1A2 ugasiti see gasiti
tvornica f [B,C] factory 20.II uglavnom adv. mainly, chiefly, for the most
tvrd, tvrda; tvrdi adj. hard [ = not soft] part 16A1b
tvrditi, tvrdim (I) to claim B .III see also ugledati (P) to catch sight of 20.VIII see
utvrditi gledati
tvrava f fortress 16A3b ugodan, ugodna adj. pleasant, comfortable
tvri adj. harder, more solid see tvrd 7A2
ugostiti, ugostim (P) 16A1b; ugoavati,
U ugoavam, ugoavaju [B,S] ugoivati,
u prep. + Loc in 5 6A1 ugoujem [C] (I) to host
u prep. + Acc into, to 5 5A1 on (for uho n; Npl ui, Gpl uiju (pl forms f) [B,C,S]
days of the week) 2A1, 2A3z, 5A2z, ear 10A3, 10A3z
6A1z; at (telling time) 5A2 z; u subotu uhvatiti (P); uhvaati (I) to take hold of 14A1
on Saturday 2A1 ; zaljubiti se u to fall in ujak m; Npl ujaci [B,C,S] maternal uncle
love with 5A3, 5A3z
u prep. + Gen belonging to, near 15A1; u ujedinjen adj. united; Ujedinjene Nacije
Charliea Charlies 15A1 [B,S] Ujedinjeni Narodi [B,C] United
ubediti, ubedim (P) to convince B.VI; Nations B .II
ubeivati, ubeujem (I) [E] to try to ujna f [B,C,S] aunt [maternal uncles wife]
persuade 5A3
ubijediti, ubijedim (P) to convince B.VI; ujutro adv. [B,C] in the morning 7A4
ubjeivati, ubjeujem (I) [J] [B/S] to try to ujutru adv. [B,S] in the morning 7A4
persuade ukazati, ukaem (P); ukazivati, ukazujem (I)
ubiti, ubijem (P) 19A3a; ubijati, ubijam, to point out 20.VIII
ubijaju (I) to kill ukljuiti, ukljuim (P) 16A1b; ukljuivati,
ubog adj. miserable, poor 17A3a ukljuujem (I) 4,10A2z to include
ubrzo adv. quickly 18A3 ukljuivati see under ukljuiti
ubudue adv. in the future 11A3 ukoliko adv. inasmuch 19A3b
uenica m pupil; elementary- or secondary- ukrasiti, ukrasim (P); ukraavati, ukraavam,
school student (f) ukraavaju to decorate, to adorn
uenik m; Npl uenici pupil; elementary- or ukusan, ukusna adj. tasty 7A1
secondary-school student (m., general) 14A4 ulaziti see under ui
uenjak m; Npl uenjaci [B,C] scientist, ulaznica f ticket 16A1a
scholar 11A2z ulica f 1. street 12A2; 2. city block 13A4
uenje n study 11A4, 10A4z uloga f; DLsg ulozi role
uestvovati, uestvujem (I) [B,S] to participate uloen adj. invested 16A2a
16A1a um m; Npl umovi mind, reason, intellect
445
uman, umna adj. wise B .III unosim (I) [J] to enter, to put in 15A2 see
umeren adj. [E] moderate 16A3a nositi
umesto prep. + Gen [E] instead of 10A3 unositi see under uneti [E] unijeti [J]
umeti, umem (I) [E] to know how to 6 unuad f coll. grandchildren 12A2z for sg
umetnica f [E] artist (f.) 11A2z see unue
umetniki adj. [E] artistic 19A3b unue n; Gsg unueta grandchild 12A2z
umetnik m: Npl umetnici [E] artist (m., gene- unuk m; Npl unuci grandson, grandchild 8,
ral) 11A2z 12A2z
umetnost f; Gsg umetnosti Isg -ou or -osti [E] unuka f; DLsg unuci granddaughter
art 13B3; dramske umetnosti dramatic unutar prep. + Gen [B,S] within, inside of
arts 13B3 ; likovna umetnost fine arts unutar prep. + Gen [C] within, inside of
13B3 unutra adv. inside 19A3b
umetnuti, umetnem (P) 20.V ; umetati, ume- uobiajen adj. customary, prevailing 16A3a
em (I) to insert uoi prep. + Gen on the eve of, just before
umirati see under umreti [E] umrijeti [J] 18A3
umiriti, umirim (P) 20.I; umirivati, umirujem uope adv. [B,C] in general, at all 10A1
(I) to soothe, to calm uopte adv. [B,S] in general, at all 10A1
umiti se, umijem se (P); umivati se, umivam uostalom adv. after all 16A2a
se, umivaju se (I) to wash ones face 9A2, uparkirati see under parkirati
9A2z upaziti (P) to notice 19A3a see paziti
umivati se see under umiti se upeat ljiv adj. striking, impressive 19A1b
umjeren adj. [J] moderate 16A3a upisati, upiem (P) 20.VIII; upisivati,
umjeti, umijem (I) [J] to know how to 6 upisujem (I) write in, inscribe see pisati
umjesto prep. + Gen [J] instead of 10A3 upitan adj. quizzical, questioning 9
umjetnica f [J] artist (f.) 11A2z upitati see under pitati
umjetniki adj. [J] artistic 19A3b uporaba f [C] use
umjetnik m; Npl umjetnici [J] artist (m., gene- uporediti, uporedim (P); uporeivati, upore-
ral) 11A2z ujem (I) [B,S] to compare 11A2
umjetnost f; Gsg umjetnosti Isg -ou or -osti upotreba f use B.III
[J] art 13B3 ; dramske umjetnosti dra- upotrebiti, upot rebim (P); upotrebljavati,
matic arts 13B3; likovna umjetnost fine upotrebljavam, upotrebljavaju (I) [E] to
arts 13B3 use 18A1b
umoran, umorna adj. tired 10A4 upotrijebiti, upotrijebim (P); upotrebljavati,
umoriti se, umorim se (P) B.IV; umarati se, upotrebljavam, upotrebljavaju (I) [J] to
umaram se, umaraju se to get tired use 18A1b
umotati (P) A.IV; umotavati, umotavam, upotrebljavati see upotrebiti [E] or upotrije-
umotavaju (I) to wrap up biti [J]
umreti, umrem; umro, umrla (P) to die upoznati (P) 16A1a; upoznavati, upoznajem
17A1a, 10A1z; umirati, umirem (I) [E] to (I) to get to know
be dying 18A1b see poumreti, zaumreti upoznati se (P) B .I; upoznavati se,
umrijeti, umrem; umro, umrla (P) to die upoznajem se (I) B.II to get acquainted
17A1a, 10A1z; umirati, umirem (I) [J] to uprava f administration 14A3
be dying 18A1b see poumrijeti, zaumrijeti upravitelj m [C] manager (m., general)
unajmiti, unajmim (P); unajmljivati, unajmlj- 11A2z
ujem (I) to rent [from] 9A3, . 9A3 . upraviteljica f [C] manager (f.) 11A2z
unapred adv. [E] in advance 12A3 upravnica f [B,C,S] manager (f.) 11A2z
unaprijed adv. [J] in advance 12A3 upravnik m; Npl upravnici [B,C,S] manager
unesreiti (P) 19A2a; unesreavati, unesre- (m., general) 11A2z
avam, unesreavaju [B,S] or unesreivati, upravo adv. 1. just, right now 6A3 ;
unesreujem [C] (I) to make unhappy 2. precisely
uneti, unesem (P); unositi, unosim (I) [E] to uprkos prep. + Dat despite, in spite of 16A3b
enter, to put in 15A2 see nositi uputiti, uputim (P) 16A2a; upuivati, upuuj-
univerzitet m; Gsg univerziteta [B,S] univer- em (I) to direct [to], to guide, to instruct
sity 6A2 , 6A1z, . 5A2 . uputstvo n; Gpl uputstava instructions 13A4
univerzitetski adj. [B,S] university 16A2a uraditi, uradim (P) 1. to do; 2. to write
unijeti, unesem; unio, unijela (P); unositi, [homework] [B,S only] 15A2 see raditi
446
uraniti (P) to get up early 19A3a uveravati, uveravam, uveravaju (I) [E] 1. to
ured m [C] office 6A1 , 6A1z try to persuade; 2. to assure 16A3b see
uredan, uredna adj. orderly, tidy 9A2 uveriti
urediti, uredim (P); ureivati, ureujem (I) uveriti (P) [E] to persuade, to convince
to arrange 12A1 uvijek adv. [J] always 6A4
urediti se, uredim se (P); ureivati se, uvjeravati, ujveravam, uvjeravaju (I) [J] 1. to
ureujem se (I) to get dressed up B.VI try to persuade; 2. to assure 16A3b see
uruiti, uruim (P) B.VI; uruivati, uveriti
uruujem (I) to hand to uvjeriti (P) [J] to persuade, to convince
usavriti, usavrim (P) 16A3a; usavravati, uvjet m [B,C] condition 14A2
usavravam, usavravaju (I) to improve, to uvlaiti see uvui
perfect uvo n; Npl ui Gpl uiju (pl forms f.) [S] ear
uskoro adv. 1. soon A.V; 2. soon thereafter 10A3, 10A4z
14A4 uvrediti, uvredim (P) 19A2a; vreati,
uskrsnue n resurrection 17A2a vream, vreaju (I) [E] to insult
uslov m [B,S] condition 14A2 uvrijediti, uvrijedim (P) 19A2a; vrijeati, vri-
usmen adj. oral, verbal 6A2 jeam, vrijeaju (I) [J] to insult
usnuti, usnem (P) to fall asleep 20 .V uvui, uvuem, uvuku (P) 20.VIII; uvlaiti,
uspaniiti se (P) to panic 20.VII uvlaim (I) A.VIII to pull in, to draw in
uspean, uspena [E] successful B .VI see vui
uspeti, uspem (P) 10A2; uspevati, uspevam, uz prep. + Acc along 5 3 ; up 20.II
uspevaju (I) [E] to succeed 18A3 uzak, uska adj. narrow, tight
uspevati see under uspeti uzalud adv. in vain 15A1
uspijevati see under uspjeti uzbudljiv adj. exciting
uspjean, uspjena adj. [J] successful B.VI uzbuenje n excitement 15A2
uspjeti, uspijem; uspio, uspjela (P) 10A2; uzdah m; Npl uzdasi sigh 17A3a
uspijevati, uspijevam, uspijevaju (I) [J] uzdignue n ascension 17A2a
18A3 to succeed uzeti, uzmem (P) 6 5A2 , 4A4z, 7A2z,
usporedba f; Gpl usporedaba or usporedbi [C] 10A1z; uzimati (I) 5A1 to take see also
comparison 11A2 izuzeti, poduzeti, preduzeti
usporediti, usporedim (P) usporeivati, uspo- uzimati see under uzeti
reujem (I) [C] to compare 11A2 uzlet m upward flight, ascent 17A2a
usred prep. + Gen in the middle of 6A1 uzviknuti, uzviknem (P) B.IV ; uzvikati,
ustajati see under ustati uzviem (I) to shout out
ustati, ustanem (P) B.VIII; ustajati, ustajem uzvodno adv. upstream 20.V
(I) A .V to stand up, to rise, to get up in ui adj. narrower, tighter see uzak
the morning uivati, uivam, uivaju (I) to enjoy, to enjoy
ue n 1. mouth of a river; 2. confluence of oneself 12A2
rivers 3, . 7 . V
utakmica f sports competition, game 12A2 v. abbr. for vidi or vidite 15A1
uticati, ut iem (I) [B,S] 1. to influence vajar m [B,S] sculptor (m., general) 11A2z
17A3b; 2. to flow into vajarka f; DLsg vajarki Gpl vajarki [B,S]
utihnuti, utihnem (P) to become quiet sculptor (f.) 11A2z
B.VIII vakat n; Gsg vakta [B] age, time 19A3a
utisak m; Gsg ut iska Npl ut isci [B,S] impres- val m; Npl valovi [B,C] wave 15A1
sion 16A3a valjati (I) (3rd person only) ought, should
utjecati, utjeem (I) [B,C] 1. to influence 12A3, 12A3z
17A3b; 2. to flow into valjati (I) be of value, be worth 12A3z
utonuti see tonuti valjda adv. probably 20.VI
utorak m; Gsg utorka Tuesday 2A1; vam, vama pron. 1. you (sg. formal); 2. you (pl.)
utorkom on Tuesdays 7A2, 7A2z 6A3z, 7A1z see under vi
utvrditi, utvrdim (P); utvrivati, utvrujem van adv. [B,C] out, outside
(I) to establish, to confirm 14A3 see also vani adv. [B,C] outside 5A4 , 5A4z
tvrditi vanjski adj. external
uvee adv. [S] in the evening 5A4 varati (I) to cheat 14B2
uvek adv. [E] always 6A4 vas pron. clitic 1. you (sg. formal) 2. you (pl.)
447
6A3z, 7A1z see under vi connection [with] 13A2
vas pron. 1. you (sg. formal) 2. you (pl.) vezati, veem (I) 1. to bind, to connect
6A3z, 7A1z see under vi B.IV ; 2. to embroider
vasiona f [B,S] universe 6A1, 6A1z veznik m; Npl veznici conjunction (in
va, vae, vaa pron. adj. your, yours 1A2 grammar) 17A1
Vaington m [S] Washington veba f; Gpl vebi [E] exercise 1A4
vatra f; Gpl vatri 1. fire; 2. stove burner vebati (I) [E] to exercise, to practice 2A1
14A1 vi pron. 1. you (sg. formal); 2. you (pl.) 4
vazduh m [B,S] air 15A1 1A3, 1A1z, 2A1z, 6A3z, 7A1z, . 16A2a .
vaan, vana adj. important 11A1, 11A1z (Acc-Gen) vas, vas 2A2
vanost f; Gsg vanosti Isg -ou or -osti (Dat) vama, vam 6A3
importance (Instr) vama 7A1
ve-ce see W.C. vid m; Npl vidovi (grammatical) aspect
vean, vena adj. [E] eternal 17A2a videlo n [E] (archaic) heavenly body 17C1
vee n; Gsg veera [B,S] evening 3A2, videoteka f; DLsg videoteci video and DVD
. 17A1b . rental store 16A1a
veer f; Gsg veeri Isg veeri or veerju [C] videti, vidim (I/P) [E] to see 6 2A2,
evening 3A2, . 17A1b . 7A3z, 10A1z, 11A1z vidimo se! see you!
veera f dinner 5A2, . 5A2 . 2A1, 8A3z see also izvideti
veeras adv. this evening 3A1 vidjelo n [J] (archaic) heavenly body 17C1
veerati (I/P) to dine, to eat supper 10A1 vidjeti, vidim; vidio, vidjela (I/P) [J] to see
venost f; Gsg venosti Isg -ou or -osti [E] 6 2A2, 7A3z, 10A1z, 11A1z; vidimo
eternity 17A2a se! see you! 2A1, 8A3z, vieti to see
ve adv. 1. already 6A3; 2. but, rather 3A2; (Montenegrin) 19A3a, . 19A3a .
to ve da thats much better 13A1 see also izvidjeti
vei adj. bigger 11A2, 11A1z see velik viati, viam (I) to see frequently B .VII
veina f majority 16A1a vienje n vision 16A3b
vegetarijanski adj. vegetarian 11A2 vihor m gale-strength wind A.VII
vea f [E] eyelid 18A2a vijek m; Npl vjekovi [J] 1. century [J] [B/S];
vek m; Npl vekovi [E] 1. century; 2. epoch, 2. epoch [J] 17A2a
age 17A2a vijest f; Gsg vijesti Isg vijeu, vijesti [J] an
veleposlanstvo n; Gpl veleposlanstava or item of news; vijesti (pl form) the news
veleposlanstva [C] embassy 14A2
velik, velika; veliki adj. 1. big, large 2A2, vikati, viem (I) to shout 20.VII see also iz-
3A1z, 4A4z, 5A1z, 6A1z; 2. great, vikati, uzvikati
grand, majestic 3A2 vikend m weekend 5A4 , 5A4z
veljaa f [C] February 6A2, . 6A2 . vilen adj. wild, fiery 19A3a
venanje n [E] marriage ceremony A.IV vino n wine 4A3
venati se (I/P) [E] to get married B.VII vinograd m vineyard 20 .II
veoma adv very 20.III vinuti se, vinem se (P) to soar 15A1, 15A2z
vera f [E] faith, belief 17A2a, . 17A2a . violonelo n cello 18A3
verovatan, verovatna adj. [E] probable 10A2 virla f hot dog, frankfurter
verovati, verujem (I); poverovati, pov erujem visina n height . 10A3 .
(P) [E] to believe 10A4 visok, visoka; visoki adj. tall, high 2A2,
verzija f version 10A3 3A1z, 11A1z, 11A2z
veseliti se (I) to be glad 20.III vie adv. 1. more 3A3, 11A2z; 2. a lot [of]
veselje n merriment 15A1 6; vie voleti, vie volim (I) [E] vie
veseo, vesela adj. cheerful 8A1 voljeti, vie volim (I) [J] to prefer 3A3
vest f; Lsg vesti Isg veu or vesti [E] an item vii adj. 1. taller; 2. higher 11A1z
of news; vesti (pl form) the news 14A2 vjean, vjena adj. [J] eternal 17A2a
vetar m; Gsg vetra Npl vetrovi [E] wind vjenost f; Gsg vjenosti Isg -ou or -osti [J]
14A2 eternity 17A2a
veterinar m; Gsg veterinara veterinarian vjea f [J] eyelid 18A2a
11A2z vjenanje n [J] marriage ceremony A.IV
veverica f [E] squirrel A .VI vjenati se (I/P) [J] to get married B .VII
veza f connection 13A2 ; u vezi [B,S] in vjera f [J] faith, belief 17A2a, . 17A2a .
448
vjerojatan, vjerojatna adj. [J] [C] probable vraati se see under vratiti se
10A2 vrana f crow 18A1a
vjerovatan, vjerovatna adj. [J] [B/S] probable vrat m; Npl vratovi neck 10A4
10A2 vrata n (pl form) door 6A1, 6A1z
vjerovati, vjerujem (I); povjerovati, vratiti se, vratim se (P) 9A2, 9A2z; vraati se
povjerujem (P) [J] to believe 10A4, (I) 14A2 to return see also navrat iti,
. 17A2a . svratiti
vjetar m; Gsg vjetra Npl vjetrovi [J] wind vrba f; Gpl vrbi willow 18A1a
14A2 vredan, vredna; vredni adj. [E] 1. valuable;
vjeverica f [J] squirrel A.VI 2. diligent 8A1
vjeba f; Gpl vjebi [J] exercise 1A4 vredeti, vredim (I) [E] to be of value
vjebati (I) [J] to exercise, to practice 2A1 vrednost f; Gsg vrednosti Isg -ou or -osti [E]
vlada f government 18A3 value 13
vladati, vladam, vladaju (I) to rule, to govern vreati see under uvrediti
vladavina f governmental rule 19A3b vreme n; Gsg vremena; Npl vremena [E]
vlak m; Npl vlakovi [C] train 7A2 5A4z 1. time; 2. weather; 3. grammatical tense
vlast f; Gsg vlasti Isg vlau or vlasti 5A2; budue vreme future tense 15A2;
authority, power 18A3 nevreme foul weather, storm 14A2;
vlastit adj. [B,C] [ones] own 15A2 prolo vreme past tense 17C1; za vreme
vlaan, vlana adj. moist, damp 20.VIII + Gen during 5C1
voe n; coll. fruit 4A3 vremenski adj. time or weather, time-related,
voda f water 4A3 weather-related; vremenska prognoza wea-
vodei adj. leading 18A3, 12A1z ther forecast 14A2
voditi, vodim (I) 1. to lead 5C1, 7A2z, vreo, vrela adj. hot 14A1
7A3z, 10A4z, . 10A1 . ; 2. to register vreva f bustle 20 .I
18A3 see also dov esti, izvesti, navesti, vrh m; Npl vrhovi top, summit 14A1
odvesti, prevesti, prov esti, sprovesti vrh prep. + Gen at the top [of] 17A3a
voa m; Npl voe leader vrijedan, vrijedna; vrijedni adj. [J] 1.
vojni adj. military 18A3 valuable; 2. diligent, hardworking 8A1
vojnik m; Gsg vojnika Npl vojnici soldier vrijediti (I) [J] to be of value
11A2z, 12A1z vrijednost f; Gsg vrijednosti Isg -ou or -osti
vojska f; DLsg vojsci army 18A3 [J] value 13
Vojvodina f area in northern Serbia 1 vrijeati see under uvrijediti
vojvoanski adj. Vojvodina, Vojvodinian 8A3 vrijeme n; Gsg vremena; Npl vremena [J] 1.
vokabular m; Gsg vokabulara vocabulary time; 2. weather; 3. grammatical tense
B.III 5A2; budue vrijeme future tense 15A2;
vokativ m vocative case nevrijeme foul weather, storm 14A2;
voleti, volim [E] to love 2A3, 6A4z, 9A4z; prolo vrijeme past tense 17C1; za
vie voleti to prefer 3A3 vrijeme + Gen during 5C1
volja f will 16A3b; drage volje gladly vrlo adv. very 3A1
16A3b vrsta f; Gpl vrsta or vrsti type, kind, sort 6A4
voljeti, volim; volio, voljela (I) [J] to love vrnjak m; Gsg vrnjaka Npl vrnjaci
2A3, 6A4z, 9A4z; vie voljeti to prefer person/man of same age
3A3 vrnjakinja f woman of same age 20.II
voz m; Npl vozovi [B,S] train 7A2, 5A4z vrt m; Npl vrtovi [B,C only] garden 16A3b;
voza m; Gsg vozaa driver 7A2 zooloki vrt m zoo 15A1
vozaki adj. drivers, driving-related; vozaka vru, vrua; vrui adj. hot
dozvola drivers license 11A2z, vrue adv. hot
vozdra colloq. from zdravo greetings B.VII, vruina f heat 16A3a
. B.VII . vruica f fever
voziti, vozim (I) to drive 7A2 , 7A2z, 7A3z, vui, vuem, vuku; vukao, vukla (I) to pull, to
10A4z; voziti se, vozim se (I) to ride, to drag see also izvui, izvui se, podvui, pri-
go by vehicle 7A2 vui, uvui
vonja f ride 7A2 ; red vonje train or bus vuk m; Npl vuci or vukovi wolf
schedule B.III
vrabac m; Gsg vrapca sparrow A.III
449
W Isg -ou or -osti interest, concern 20.IV
Washington m [B,C] Washington zainteresovan adj. interested 16A1a
W.C. m; Gsg W.C.-a (pronounced ve-ce Gsg zainteresovanost f; Gsg zainteresovanosti
ve-cea) toilet 16A1b Isg -ou or -osti interest, concern 20.IV
Z zaista excl. indeed 2A2
za prep. + Acc for 5 2A3, 2A3z, 7A2z; zajednica f community . 14B2 .
za razliku od unlike 17A4; za uzvrat in zajedniki adj. shared, common 12A1
return 15A1 zajedno adv. [B,C,S] together 2A1
za prep + Instr after, following, by, behind zakasniti, zakasnim (P) 14A4; zakanjavati,
5 15A1; za stolom at the table; puiti zakanjavam, zakanjavaju (I) to be late
za ankom to smoke at the bar 12A2 zakanjenje n delay 14A4
zaboravan, zaboravna adj. forgetful A.V zakazati, zakaem (P) B .VI; zakazivati, za-
zaboraviti (P); zaboravljati, zaboravljam, kazujem (I) to set a time for, to make an
zaboravljaju (I) to forget 10A4 appointment
zabrana f ban, prohibition 18A3 zakljuak m; Gsg zakljuka conclusion
zabrinuti, zabrinem (P) 20.VIII; zabrinjavati, 17A2b
zabrinjavam, zabrinjavaju (I) to worry, to zakljuati (P) 20 .VIII; zakljuavati, zakljuav-
cause concern see brinuti am, zakljuavaju (I) to lock
zabrinutost f; Gsg zabrinutosti Isg -ou or zakljuiti, zakljuim (P); zakljuivati, zaklju-
-osti concern, anxiety 14A4 ujem (I) to conclude 10A3
zauti se, zaujem se (P) to be heard suddenly zakon m law 19A2b
19A3a see uti se zakonik m; Npl zakonici code of law 19A2b,
zai, zaem; zaao, zala (P); zalaziti (I) to go . 19A2b .
behind, to set [of sun and moon] 16A3b see zakonodavac m; Gsg zakonodavca lawmaker
ii 19A2b
zautati, zautam (P) [B,S] to fall suddenly zakonodavni adj. legislative
silent 20.IV zakonski adj. legal 20.IV
zadaa f [B,C] task, assignment; domaa zakukati (P) 1. to burst into wails; 2. to coo
zadaa homework 1A4 like a cuckoo bird 19A3a
zadatak m; Npl zadaci task, assignment; zalazak m; Gsg zalaska Npl zalasci setting;
domai zadatak [S only] homework zalazak sunca sunset
assignment 1A4 4 zaljubiti se, zaljubim se (P) B.VII; zaljub-
zadiviti, zadivim (P) 15A1 ; zadivljavati, za- ljivati se, zaljubljujem se (I) to fall in love
divljavam, zadivljavaju [B,S] zadivljivati, (often used with u + Acc); ko tetreb [E]
zadivljujem [C] (I) to thrill tetrijeb [J] se zaljubiti to fall head over
zadivljen adj. admiring 15A1 heels in love B .VII
zadnji adj. 1. last; 2. furthest back 16A1a; zalupiti (P) to slam see lupiti se 17A1a
u zadnji as at the last minute 16A1a zamenica f [E] pronoun 17A1b
zadovoljan, zadovoljna adj. satisfied 11A3 zameriti se + Dat (P) [E] to offend 18A3
zagrabiti (P) to scoop up 14A1 zamirati see zamreti, zamrijeti
zagrebaki adj. pertaining to Zagreb 6A2 zamirisati, zamirie (na + Acc) (P) (3rd person
Zagrepanin m; Npl Zagrepani resident of only) to start smelling of 20.III
Zagreb (m., general) zamisao f; Gsg zamisli Isg zamilju or zamisli
Zagrepanka f; DLsg Zagrepanki Gpl conception, plan 19A1b
Zagrepanki resident of Zagreb (f.) zamisliti, zamislim (P) 18A1b; zamiljati, za-
zagrljaj m embrace 20 .I miljam, zamiljaju (I) to imagine see
zagrliti see grliti misliti
zahod m separate room for toilet 16A1b zamiljen adj. lost in thought B .IV
zahvalan, zahvalna adj. grateful 13A4 zamjenica f [J] pronoun 17A1b
zahvaliti, zahvalim (P) 20.III; zahvaljivati, zamjeriti se + Dat (P) [J] to offend 18A3
zahvaljujem (I) [B,C,S] 16A2a to thank zamoliti see under moliti
zahvaliti se, zahvalim se (P) 20 .III; zahvalj- zamreti, zamrem; zamro, zamrla (P);
ivati se, zahvaljujem se (I) [B,S] 16A2a to zamirati, zamirem (I) [E] to die down, to
thank subside 16A3b see umreti
zahvaljivati se see under zahvaliti se zamrijeti, zamrem; zamro, zamrla (P); zamir-
zainteresiranost f; Gsg zainteresiranosti ati, zamirem (I) [J] to die down, to subside
450
16A3b see umrijeti zavet m [E] testament, oath; Stari zavet Old
zanimanje n 1. occupation; 2. interest 16A3b Testament 17C1; Novi zavjet New
zanimati, zanimam, zanimaju (I) to interest Testament
[as in zanima me gramat ika grammar zavist f; Gsg zavisti Isg zaviu or zavisti envy
interests me] 16A2a; zanimati se, 20.III
zanimam se, zanimaju se (I) to be interested zavisan, zavisna adj. [B,S] dependent [on]
[in] 16A2a 16A3b
zanimljiv adj. interesting 5A3, 11A1z zavjereniki adj. [J] conspiratorial B .VI
zao, zla adj. evil 5A1 zavjesa f [J] [B,C,S] curtain 20.I
zaokruiti, zaokruim (P) 17A1b; zaokruiv- zavjet m [J] testament, oath; Stari zavjet
ati, zaokruujem (I) to draw a circle around Old Testament 17C1; Novi zavjet New
see kruiti Testament
zapad m west 6 zavravati se see under zavriti
zapadni adj. western zavretak m; Gsg zavretka Npl zavreci end
zapamtiti see pamtiti 20.VIII
zapanjiti, zapanjim (P); zapanjivati, zapanjuj- zavriti, zavrim (P); zavravati, zavravam,
em (I) to astonish 20.IV zavravaju (I) to finish 11A1; zavravati
zapitati, zapitam, zapitaju (P) to ask, to in- se, zavravam se, zavravaju se (I) to end
quire 20.VI see pitati 6A2
zapoeti, zaponem (P); zapoinjati, zapoinj- zavrni adj. final B .I
em (I) to start in 20.IV see poeti zbilja adv. really, truly 10A3
zapoljavanje n employment 11A4; sluba zbirka f; DLsg zbirci collection 17A4
za zapoljavanje employment service 11A4 zbog prep. + Gen because of, due to 5
zapravo adv. actually 10A3 10A3, 13A3z
zapriati se, zapriam se, zapriaju se (P) to zbogom m, excl. farewell 20.VIII
start in on a conversation, to get talking zboriti (I) to speak (Montenegrin) . 19A3b .
B.IV see priati zbuniti, zbunim (P) B .VII; zbunjivati,
zar part. really? 6B7; zar ne? isnt that so?; zbunjujem (I) to confuse
zar ne moemo? cant we? 5A4 , 5A4z zderati, zderem (P) to tear off 19A2a
zaraditi, zaradim (P); zaraivati, zaraujem zdrav adj. healthy 10A4
(I) to earn 11A3 zdravica f toast [with drink] B.VIII,
zaraivati see under zaraditi . B.VIII .
zarumeniti se, zarumenim se (P) to blush zdravlje n health 7A2
B.IV zdravo excl. [B,S] 1. hello; 2. goodbye 1A1 ,
zasladiti, zasladim (P); zaslaivati, zaslaujem . 1A1 ., . B.VII .
(I) to sweeten 14A1 zebra f; Gpl zebara or zebri 1. zebra
zastor m [C] curtain 20.I [ = animal]; 2. crosswalk
zato quest. why 2A3 zec m; Npl zeevi rabbit
zautjeti, zautim; zaut io, zautjela (P) [C] zelen, zelena; zeleni adj. green 4A4
to fall silent 20.V see utjeti zelje n cabbage [C]
zautjeti see under utjeti zeman n; Gsg zemana archaic time 19A3a
zatim adv. thereafter, then 12A2 zemlja f 1. Earth (earth) 6A1; 2. soil;
zato adv. for that reason B.IV 3. land, country 5, 6A1z, 7A1z;
zato to conj. because 2A3 niija zemlja no mans land 16A1
zatvor m prison 20 .VII zemljopisni adj. [C] geographical 1
zatvoriti, zatvorim (P); zatvarati, zatvaram, zezati (I) to tease B.IV
zatvaraju (I) to close 12A2 zgrada f building 6A1
zauvek adv. [E] forever, once and for all zid m; Npl zidovi wall 4A4
17A2a zima f winter 9A1; zimi in winter; na
zauvijek adv. [J] forever, once and for all zimu in the winter
17A2a zimski adj. winter 6A2
zauzet adj. busy 11A1z zimus adv. this winter
zauzeti, zauzmem (P); zauzimati (I) zlato n gold 19A3a
to occupy, to take, to seize 11A1z zlo n; Gpl zala evil
zavereniki adj. [E] conspiratorial B .VI zmija f snake 5A1
zavesa f [E] curtain 20.I znaaj m significance, meaning
451
znaenje n meaning alostan, alosna adj. sorrowful 10
znaiti, znai (I) (3rd person only) to mean ao adv. sad, sorry [as in ao mi je Im
6A2 sorry] 12A3
znak m; Npl znaci or znakovi sign, mark ariti, arim (I) to burn 18A2a
17A1b edan, edna; edni adj. thirsty 4A3
znamenitost f; Gsg znamenitosti Isg -ou or eleti; elim (I) 2A1; poeleti, poelim (P) [E]
-osti place of interest 16A3b to wish, to want, to desire 15A1, 4A3z,
znanost f; Gsg znanosti Isg -ou or -osti [C] 9A2z, 13A1z, 15A1z
science, scholarship 11A3 ; politike elezniki adj. [E] railway; eleznika stan-
znanosti [C] political science 13B3; ica railway station 5A3, . 9A3 .
prirodne znanosti [C] natural sciences 3B3 eludac m; Gsg eluca Npl eluci stomach
znanstvenik m; Npl znanstvenici [C] scientist, 10A4, . 10A4 .
scholar 11A2z elja f desire 14A1
znanje n knowledge 11A4 eljeti, elim; elio, eljela (I) 2A1; poeljeti,
znatan, znatna adj. considerable 14A2 poelim; poelio, poeljela (P) [J] to wish,
znati, znam (I) to know 4A2, . 14B2 .; nikad to want, to desire 15A1, 4A3z, 9A2 z,
se ne zna one never knows 11A4, 14A1z 13A1z, 15A1z
see also poznati, priznati, saznati, spoznati, eljezniki adj. [J] railway; eljeznika stan-
upoznati ica [B/S] railway station 5A3, . 9A3 .
zooloki adj. zoological; zooloki vrt zoo ena f 1. woman; 2. wife 1A3, 3A2z, 8A1z
15A1
eniti, enim (I); oeniti, oenim (P) to marry,
zov m; Gsg zova call 15A1
to marry off 20.II
zrani adj. [C] air; zrana luka [C] airport
eniti se, enim se (I); oeniti se, oenim se (P)
B.III
to get married [said of a man] (often + Instr)
zrak m [B,C] air 15A1
enski adj. 1. feminine 2. female 3. womens
zrak m; Npl zraci [B,S] ray [of light] 17A3a
10A3; enska frizerka womens
zraka f; DLsg zraci [C] ray [of light] 17A3a
hairdresser B.IV
zrakoplov m [C] airplane 7A2
ei adj. more severe, more violent see
zrcalo n [C] mirror 9A2
estok
zreo, zrela adj. mature 20.II
estok adj. harsh, fierce
zub m; Npl zubi tooth 9A2
idov m [C] Jew (m., general)
zubar m dentist (m., general) 11A2z
idovka f; DLsg idovki Gpl idovki [C] Jew
zubarica f [B,C] dentist (f.) 11A2z
(f.)
zubarka f; DLsg zubarki Gpl zubarki [S]
idovski adj. [C] Jewish
dentist (f.) 11A2z
iv, iva; ivi adj. 1. alive 2. lively 16A1b
zublja f torch 18A2a
ivela! or iveo! or iv eli! or ivele! [E]
zvanje n vocation 11A4
cheers! long live! B.VIII
zvati, zovem (I) 1. to call [a name]; 2. to call
iveti, ivim (I) [E] to live 5A3 see also
[by phone]; 3. to invite . 10A1 .; zvati se, doiveti, nadiveti, odiveti, preiv eti
zovem se (I) to be called 1A1, 1A1z see ivjela! or ivio! or ivjeli! or ivjele! [J]
also nazvati, pozvati, prozvati cheers! long live! B.VIII
zver f; Gsg zveri Isg zveri [E] beast 17A1a ivjeti, ivim; ivio, ivjela (I) [J] to live 5A3
zvezda f; Gpl zvezda [E] star 6A1 see also doivjeti, nadivjeti, odivjeti, pre-
zvijer f; Gsg zvijeri Isg zvijeri [J] beast ivjeti
17A1a
ivlji adj. livelier, more animated see iv
zvijezda f; Gpl zvijezda [J] star 6A1
ivot m; Gsg ivota life 6A2
zvidati, zvidim (I) to whistle 5C1
ivotinja f animal 5C1
zvoniti, zvonim (I) to ring A.V
lica f [C] spoon 14A1
zvono n bell 17A3a
liica f [C] small spoon 14A1
zvuk m; Npl zvuci or zvukovi sound 14A4
udnja f longing, strong desire 20.VI
urba f; Gpl urbi hurry, rush 16A3b
aliti (I) to feel sorry A .III uriti, urim (I) to hurry; pouriti, pourim
alost f; Gsg alosti Isg -ou or -osti sorrow, (P) to hasten, to rush 7A3
grief 12A3; naalost, na alost uriti se, urim se (I) to hurry 7A2 ; pouriti
unfortunately 12A3 se, pourim se (P) to hasten, to rush
ut, uta; uti adj. yellow 2A3
452
actor n. glumac 11A2z
actress n. glumica 11A2z
actually adv. zapravo 10A3
add vb.
dodati (P) B .II; dodavati (I) A .III
English-BCS Glossary add on vb.
nadovezati (P); nadovezivati (I) B.VIII
add liquid ( = top off) vb.
A doliti (P) 14A1; doliv ati (I)
a lot puno, mnogo 5A1z additional adj. dodatan 16A3b
abandon vb. address n. adresa 16A2a
napustiti (P) 15A1; naputati (I) 18A3 address ( = speak to) vb.
about prep. o 5 6A2
obratiti se (P) 16A2a; obraati se (I) 16A3a
above adv. gore adjective n. prid ev [E] prid jev [J] 17A1b
above prep. iznad 5 8A4z 8A4 , nad
administration n. uprava 14A3, administra-
5 8A1, 7A2z, 8A4z
cija 16A1a
abroad n. admire vb.
u inostranstvu [B,S] u inozemstvu [B,C] zadiv iti se (P) 15A1; zadivljav ati se (I) [C]
8A3
zadiv iti se (P) 15A1; zadivljivati se (I) [B,S]
abrupt adj. nag ao 20.VI
admiring adj. zadivljen 15A1
abstract adj. apstraktan 19A1b
admit ( = confess) vb.
abyss n. bezdan 17C1
priznati (P) B.II; 15A1 priznavati (I)
accent n. akcenat [B,S] ak cent [B,C] B.III
B.IV
accept vb.
Adriatic Sea n. Jadransko more 1
prihvatiti (P) 16A1a; prihvaati [C] (I)
adverb n. prilog 17A1b
prihvatiti (P) 16A1a; prihvatati [B,S] (I)
advice n.
accessible adj. pristupaan 16A2b
savet [E] savjet [J] 16A3a
accident n. nesrea 7A2
advise vb.
accommodate vb.
savetovati (I); posavetovati (P) [E]
smestiti (P); smetati (I) [E]
savjetovati (I); posav jetovati (P) [J]
smjestiti (P); smjetati (I) [J] 17A3b
get advice
accommodation n. smetaj [E] smjetaj [J]
savetovati se (I) 11A4; posavetovati se
16A2a
accompaniment n. pratnja 20.VII (P) [E]
accompany vb. savjetovati se (I) 11A4; posavjetovati se
pratiti (I) 12A2; ispratiti (P) (P) [J]
accomplish vb. affirmative adj. potvrdan B .VI
postii [postignuti] (P); postizati (I) 13 afraid (as in be afraid of) see fear
according to prep. po 5 6A2, prema
Africa n. Afrika
5 11A4 African adj. afriki
accurate adj. taan [B,S] toan [C] 6A1 after prep. nakon 12A2, za 2A3, posle [E]
accusative (case) n. akuzativ poslije [J] 5A2
accuse vb. after conj. nakon toga to posle [E] poslije [J]
optuiti (P) 20.VII; optuiv ati (I) 20.II toga to 13A4z
ache n. bol 20.IV after all adv. uostalom 5 16A2a
acquire vb. afternoon n. popodne 5A4, poslepodne [E]
stei (P) B .VIII poslijepodne [J]
sticati (I) [E] stjecati (I) [J] in the afternoon popodne 10A1
across prep. preko 5 8A4 afterwards adv. potom 12A2, zatim 12A2,
across from nasuprot 5 8A4 posle [E] poslije [J] A.V
act ( = take action) vb. again adv. op et 10A2, ponovno [C] ponovo
delovati (I) [E] [B,S] 14A1, 9
djelovati (I) [J] 20 .VII against prep. protiv 13A4
act (a role) vb. glumiti (I) B.IV age ( = era) n. epoha 6A2
act n. in B.I age ( = number of years) n. starost
action adj. akcioni age-mate n.
action movie akcioni film 7A3 vrnjak (m., general) vrnjakinja (f.) 20 .II
453
English-BCS Glossary
agonizing adj. muan 20.VI A.I sakupiti (P); sakupljati (I) [B,S]
agree upon vb. 19A3b
dogovoriti se (P) 11A2; dogovarati se (I) amaze vb. uditi (I)
agree with vb. be amazed vb. uditi se (I) 16A1b
sloiti se (P); slagati se (I) 10A4 amazement n. uenje 20.II
agreement n. dogovor B.VII ambulance n. hitna kola 14A3
agriculture n. poljoprivreda 13B3 America n. Amerika 16A1b
aha! excl. a! 2A2 American adj. ameriki 2A4
air n. vazduh [B,S] zrak [B,C] 15A1 American n.
air adj. vazduni [B,S] zrani [C] Amerikanac (m., general) Amerikanka (f.)
airmail adj. avionski 2A4 1A4
airmail letter n. avionsko pismo 2A4 amidst prep. usred 6A1
airplane n. avion [B,C,S] zrakoplov [C] 7A2 among prep. izmeu 5 4A4, meu
airport n. aerodrom [B,C,S] zrana luka [C] B.IV, 8A4z
B.III ancestor n. predak 16A3b
alarm clock and conj. i 1A1, a 1A1, te 4, pak 5A3
budilica [C] budilnik [B,S] A .V pa 7A2
Albania n. Alban ija 1 and so forth i tako dalje (abbr. itd.) 16A1b
Albanian n. anger vb. ljutiti (I); naljutiti (P)
Albanac (m., general) Albanka (f.) be/get angry
alive adj. iv 16A1b ljutiti se (I); naljutiti se (P) B.VIII
all adj. sav 4 2A3, 3A4z, 15A2z, svi angle n. kut [C] ugao [B ,S]
4 12A2, 15A2z, sva 4 3A3, angry adj. ljut 10A3
3A3z, 15A2z animal n. ivotinja 5C1
all around prep. po 20 .VII announce vb.
all day ceo dan [E] cijeli dan [J] 7A4 najav iti (P); najavljivati (I) B .V
all the more sve vie 7, 15A1z annual adj. godinji 12A1
all the same svejedno 7A4 anonymity n. anonimnost 13
allergic adj. alergian 3A3 another adj. drugi 5A1, one another, each
allow vb. other jed an drugi 11A2z, 15A2z, . 16B1 .
dopustiti (P) 16A2a; doputati (I) B.III answer n. odgovor 2A1, 6A4z
dozvoliti (P) 16A3b; dozvoljavati (I) answer vb.
pustiti (P) 10A2z; putati (I) 10A2z odgovoriti (P) 16A2a, 10A2z; odgovarati
almond n. badem (I) 5A1, 10A2z
almost adj. skoro B .V gotovo 20.IV ant n. mrav
along, alongside prep. uz 5 3 anticipation n. iekivanje B .VI
alphabet n. (Latin) abeceda, (Cyrillic) azbuka anyhow adv. ionako B .III
5A4z anyone pron. iko [B,S] itko [C], bilo ko [B,S]
alphabetical adj. (Latin) abecedni, (Cyrillic) bilo tko [C] . 18A3 .
azbuni 2A4 not anyone niko [B,S] nitko [C]
already adv. ve 3A2 , 6A2z anything pron. ita 7A1, 7A1z, bilo ta
also adv. takoe [B,S] takoer [B,C] 4A1 [B,S] bilo to [C] . 18A3 .
alternate vb. not anything nita 4A3
izmenjati (P); izmenjivati (I) [E] 20.II anywhere adv. igde [E] igdje [J], bilo gde [E]
izmijen jati (P); izmjenjiv ati (I) [J] 20.II bilo gdje [J] . 18A3 .
although conj. dodue 11A2, ionako B.III, apartment n. stan 7A4
premda 20.V , iako 16A2b, mada 16A3b, apartment building n. stambena zgrada
makar 13A2 aphorism n. aforizam 7
aluminum adj. aluminijski 19A3b apiece po 5 5A1z
always adv. uvek [E] uvijek [J] 6A4 apologize vb.
am vb. izvin iti se (P) [B,S] 2A1
(clitic) sam 1A1, 1A1z, 6A2z ispriati se (P) [C] 2A1
(full) jesam 1A4 appeal to vb.
see under be dopasti se (P) B.IV; dopadati se (I) [B,S]
amass vb. 16A1a
skupiti (P) B.VI; skupljati (I) [B,C,S] svideti se (P) 10A2; svi ati se (I) 6A4
454
svidjeti se (P) 10A2 ; sviati se (I) [J] artistic adj. umetniki [E] umjetniki [J]
[B,C,S] 6A4 19A3b
see also like, please as conj. kao 9A2, 4A1z
appear ( = seem) vb. izgled ati (I) 9A2 as if conj. kao da A.III
appear ( = come to light) vb. as soon as conj. im 13A2, 12A3z
pojaviti se (P) 13A3; pojavljiv ati se (I) as soon as possible to pre [E] to prije [J]
appearance ( = outward look) n. izgled B.V 13A2
appearance ( = act of appearing) n. pojava as usual po obiaju B .VI
18A1b ascension n. uzdignue 17A2a
appetizer n. predjelo 11A2 ascent n. uzlet 17A2a
applaud vb. ash ( = burnt ember) n. pepeo
pljeskati (I) B .VIII ash ( = tree) n. jasen
aplaudirati (I) Asia n. Azija
applause n. Asian adj. azijski
aplauz B.VIII, pljesak ask vb. pitati (I) 3A1; upitati (P) B .I
apple n. jabuka 4A3 ask [someone] to do vb.
approach ( = draw near) vb. moliti (I) 2A4; zamoliti (P)
pribliiti se (P) 16A3b; pribliav ati se (I) aspect (grammar) n. vid
approach ( = come toward) vb. imperfective aspect nesvren vid
prii (P); prilaziti (I) 20.IV perfective aspect svren vid
approve vb. assassinate vb. izvriti atentat (na) 12A4
odobriti (P) 16A1a; odobravati (I) assassination n. atentat 12A4
approximate adj. okvirni 16A2a assemble ( = come together) vb.
approximately adv. otprilike 12A1, po prilici okupiti (P); okupljati (I) 14A4
12A1, jedno 16A1a assemble ( = put together) vb.
April n. april [B,S] travanj [C] 6A2 sastaviti (P) 19A3b; sastavljati (I)
Arab n. Arapin (m., general) Ar apkinja (f.) assignment n. zadaa [B,C] 1A4 zadatak
archaeologist n. arheolog [B,C,S] 4 1A4
archduke n. nadvojvoda 12A4 assume vb. pretpostaviti (P) pretpostavljati (I)
architect n. arhitekt [B,C] arhitekta [B,S] astonish vb.
11A2z zapan jiti (P); zapanjiv ati (I) 20.IV
architecture n. arhitektura 13B3, . 5A2 . at prep. na 5 6A1, 6A1z, u 5
are vb. 1A1z 6A1, 6A1z, kod 5 4A2, 4A2z, po
(clitic) si, smo, ste, su 5 B.VI, pri 5
(full) jesi, jesmo, jeste, jesu at the home of kod 5 4A2
see under be at the side of kraj 5 13A4
arm n. ruka 4 9A2, 10A4z , . 10A4 . at first isprva 18A3
armchair n. fotelj [B,S] fotelja [B,C] B .V at least mak ar 13A2, barem 11A3,
army n. vojska 18A3 najmanje 11A2z
around prep. oko 5 6A1, po 5 at the moment momentalno [B,C,S]
20.VII trenutano [C] 16A2a
arrange vb. atmosphere n. atmosfera 11A2
sloiti (P); slagati (I) 20.II atoll n. kolj 17A3a
urediti (P) 12A1; ureivati (I) atop prep. vrh 17A3a
arrival n. dolazak 14A4 attack vb.
arrive vb. napasti (P) 12A4; napadati (I)
stii [stignuti] (P) 6 9A4; stizati (I) attend (classes, school) vb. poha ati (I) 16A2b
14A4, 10A2z attention n. panja 20.III
arrive at vb. attorney n. advokat [B,S] odvjetnik [B,C]
dospeti (P) 16A1a; dospevati (I) [E] 5A3
dospjeti (P) 16A1a; dospijevati (I) [J] attract vb.
arrow n. strela [E] strijela [J] 19A3a privui (P); privlaiti (I) B .V
art n. umetnost [E] umjetnost [J] 13B3 attractive adj. atraktivan 16A3b
artist n. audible adj. ujan B .VII
umetnik [E] umjetnik [J] (m., general) August n. avgust [B,S] kolovoz [C] 6A2
umetnica [E] umjetnica [J] (f.) 11A2z aunt (mother or fathers sister) n. tetka 4
455
5A3, . 5A3 . imi [B,C,S]
aunt (fathers brothers wife) n. amidinica [B] bathroom n. kupaonica [C] kupatilo [B,S]
strina [B,C,S] 5A3, . 5A3 . 16A1b
aunt (mothers brothers wife) n. daidinica [B] be vb. biti (I/P) 6 1A1 z, 1A2z, 5A3z
ujna [B,C,S] 5A3, . 5A3 . clitics: sam, si, je, smo, ste, su (I) 1A1
Australian n. Australac [C] Australijan ac full: jesam, jesi, jest [B,C] jeste [B,S], jesmo,
[B,S] (m., general) Australijanka [B,S] jeste, jesu (I) 1A4
Australka [C] (f.) 1A4 negated: nisam, nisi, nije, nismo, niste, nisu
Austria n. Austrija 1 (I) 1A4
Austrian adj. austrijski 9A1 negated (Montenegrin) nijesam, nijesi, nije,
Austro-Hungarian adj. austrougarski 18A3 nijesmo, nijeste, nijesu . 19A3b .
Austria-Hungary n. Austro-Ugarska 18A3 past tense: bio, bilo, bila, bili, bila, bile 6A2
author n. autor (m., general) autor ica [B,C,S] aorist bih, bi, bi, bismo, biste, bie 12A4z,
autorka [S] (f.) 19A2b . 17A2a .
authority n. vlast 18A3 imperfect bejah, bejae bejae, bejasmo,
autumn n. jesen 3A2 bejaste, bejahu [E] 12A4z, . 17A2a .;
in the autumn na jesen 9A3 bijah, bijae bijae, bijasmo, bijaste,
autumnal adj. jesenski [C] jesenji [B,S] 14A4 bijahu [J] 12A4z, . 17A2a .
average adj. prosean [E] prosjean [J] 12A1 be vb. 6 5A3, 12A3z
avoid vb. okaniti se (P) B.IV budem, bude, bude, budemo, budete, budu
awaken vb. (P)
buditi (I); probuditi (P) 9A2 be vb. biv ati (I) 18A1a
see also wake up be able vb. moi, umeti [E] umjeti [J] 6
aware adj. svestan [E] svjestan [J] B.IV see also know how
away from od 5 be in touch vb. uti se (I/P) 8A3,
awful adv. grozno 3A1 javiti se (P); javljati se (I) 8A3
awkward adj. nezgodan B.II beach n. plaa 16A3a
Axis (powers) n. Osov ina 12A4 beans n. grah [B,C] pasulj [S]
bear n. medved [E] medvjed [J] 2A3
B beast n. zver [E] zvijer [J] 17A1a
bachelor n. samac 18A1a beat ( = strike or win) vb. tui (I) 8
back adv. natrag 14A2 beautiful adj. lep [E] lijep [J] 2A2
back ( = body part) n. lea 10A4 beautiful girl or woman n. lepotica [E]
bad adj. lo [B,C,S] 4 2A2, . 2A2 ., ljepotica [J] 17A1a
3A1z, 11A1z, r av [S] 2A2, . 2A2 . because conj. jer 4A2, zato to 2A3, zbog
badly adv. loe [B,C,S] 3A1 z, ravo [S] toga to 5 10A3, 13A4z
bag n. torba 6A1 because of prep. zbog 10A3, 13A4z,
baker n. pekar 11A2z radi 7A2
balance n. ravnotea 19A2b become vb.
Balkans n. Balkan postati (P) 18A3; postajati (I)
Balkan adj. balkanski 8A3 bed n. krevet 12A1, leaj 20.IV, postelja
ball n. lopta 5C1 19A3a
ban n. zabrana 18A3 bedding n. posteljina 12A1
bank n. banka 5A2 bedroom n. spavaa soba 16A1b
bar ( = tavern) n. lokal 12A2 bedside table see under nightstand
bar ( = counter) n. ank 12A2 beef n. govedina
barber n. berberin [S] brija [B,C] 11A2z beer n. pivo 4A3
barely adv. jedva B.VI before ( = earlier) adv. pre [E] prije [J] 5
13A2, 13A4z, pred 7A2, 7A2z, 8A4z
bark (of a tree) n. kora 19A1b
barren adj. pust 17C1 before prep. pre [E] prije [J] 5A2 , pred 5
basic adj. osnovni 10A3 7A2, 7A2z, 8A4 z
basis n. osnov [B,S] osnova [B,C,S] 16A3b before ( = on the eve of) prep. uoi 18A3
basketball ( = game) n. koarka before conj. pre nego to [E] prije nego to [J]
basketball adj. koarkaki 12A2 13A4z prije negoli 20.V
bat (mammal) n. slepi mi [E] slijepi mi [J], begin vb.
poeti (P) 13A2 ; poinjati (I) 6A2
456
beginning n. poetak 7A4 blackboard n. ploa or kolska ploa [C]
behave vb. ponaati se (I) 18A2b tabla or kolska tab la [B,S] 4A4
behind prep. iza 5 8A4, za 5 blacken vb.
15A1, 7A2z, 8A4z crneti (I) [E]
Belgrade n. Beograd 7, 9, 14 see map crnjeti (I) [J]
Belgrade resident Beograanin (m., general) turn black vb.
16A3a Beograanka (f.) crneti se (I) [E] 18A1a
Belgrade adj. beogradski 6A2 crnjeti se (I) [J] 18A1a
believe vb. blanket n. ebe [S] deka [B] pokriva [C]
verovati (I); poverovati (P) [E] 10A4, 12A1
. 17A2b . blind adj. slep [E] slijep [J] 18A1a
vjerovati (I); povjerovati (P) [J] 10A4, blond adj. plav
. 17A2b . blonde (girl, woman) n. plavua B.I
bell n. zvono 17A3a blood n. krv
belly n. blouse n. bluza A.VIII
trbuh [B,C] stomak [B,S] 10A4, . 10A4 . blow dry (hair) vb.
below adv. isfenirati (P); fenirati (I) B .V
dole [E] dolje [J] blue adj. plav 2A3
bench n. klupa A.III blush vb. zarumen iti se (P) B .IV
bend over vb. board ( = piece of wood) n. daska A.VIII
sagnuti se (P); saginjati se (I) 20.VIII boast vb. pohvaliti se (P) 15A1
beneath prep. ispod 5 8A4 boat n. brod 7A2
beside prep. pored 5, kraj 13A4 body n. telo [E] tijelo [J]
besides prep. osim 8A3 bohemian adj. boemski 18A3
besiege vb. opsednuti [E] opsjednuti [J] (P) boil vb.
11A1z kuhati (I) 6A4 ; skuhati (P) [B,C] 14A1
best adj. najbolji 11A1z kuvati (I) 6A4 ; skuvati (P) [S] 14A1
best adv. najbolje 5C1 bon voyage
best man n. kum B .VIII srean put [B,S] sretan put [B,C] 12A3
betray vb. bone n. kost 7A1
izdati (P); izdavati (I) book n. knjiga 4 1A2
odati (P); odav ati (I) 20.I boot n. izma
better adj. bolji 11A2, 11A1z border n. granica 3
better adv. bolje 6A3, 6A3z bore (someone) vb.
better and better sve bolje 15A1z dosaditi (P); dosaiv ati (I) B.V
between prep. izmeu 5 4A4, meu be bored
B.IV, 8A4z dosaditi se (P); dosaivati se (I)
Bible n. Sveto pismo 17C2, Biblija boring adj. dosadan 5A1, 6A2z
bicycle n. bicikl 7A2, 7A2z born, be vb.
big adj. velik 2A2 , 3A1z, 4A4z, 5A1z, roditi se (P) 14A3; ra ati se (I)
6A1z, 11A1z borrow vb.
bigger adj. vei 11A1z posuditi (P) 16A1a; posuivati (I)
billion num. milijarda Bosnia and Herzegovina n.
bind vb. vezati (I) B.IV Bosna i Hercegovina 1
biologist n. biolog 11A2z Bosniak n.
biology n. biolog ija 13B3 Bonjak (m., general) Bonjakinja (f.) . 1A4 .
bird n. ptica 5A1 Bosnian adj. bosanski 2
bird ( = birds) adj. ptiiji [B,S] ptiji [C] Bosnian n. Bosanac (m., general) Bosanka (f.)
5C1 1A4, . 1A4 .
birth ( = process) n. raanje B .VIII boss n. ef (m., general) efica (f.) 11A2z
birth ( = fact) n. roen je both oba, obe [E] obje [J] 4A4, 4A2z
by birth rodom 18A3a bother vb. smetati (I) 11A4
birth year godite 12A3 bottle n. boca
birthday n. roendan 12A3 bottom n. dno 14A1
black adj. crn 2A3 bouquet n. buket A .IV
blackbird n. kos bow vb.
457
pokloniti (P); poklanjati (I) 15A1, nego 2A1 , ve 3A2
bow ( = knot with loops) n. mana butcher n. kasapin [S] mesar [B,C,S]
bow tie n. leptir mana 11A2z
boy n. momak 4A1, deak [E] djeak [J] butter n. maslac [B,C,S] puter [B,S] 7A1
17A1a butterfly n. leptir
boy n. ( = young man) n. momak 4A1, 5A1z, button n. dugme [B,S] gumb [C] A.VIII,
8A1z, mlad i 8A1, mome 12A2z 8A2z
boy n. ( = little boy) deko B.V , mali buy vb. kupiti (P); kupovati (I) 6 2A3 ,
. B.VIII . 2A3z
bra n. grudnjak by ( = by means of) use instrumental case 7A2
branch n. gran a 18A1a by prep. kod 5 4A2z, od 5 4A3,
branches n. coll. gran je 12A2z 4A4z, 9A3z, 11A2z, do 5 4A4,
brave adj. hrab ar 4A4z, pri 5
bread n. hleb [E] hljeb [J] [B/S] kruh [B,C] by birth rodom 18A3a
4A3 by means of adv. putem 16A2a
bread roll n. pecivo 5A1, pogaica 9 by oneself sam 6A3, 6A3z
breakfast n. doruak 7A1
breath n. dah 20.VIII C
briefly adv. kratko cabbage n. kupus [B,C,S] zelje [C]
bride n. mlada B.VIII caf n. kafi 12A2, kafana [B,S] kavan a [C]
bridegroom n. mladoenja B .VIII 5A4
bridge n. most [B,C,S], uprija [B,S] cake n. kola 13A1
brigand n. hajduk 19A3a calculate vb. raunati (I) B.II
bring vb. calf ( = small cow) n. tele 8A2, 8A2z
doneti (P) 13A2; donositi (I) [E] 11A1z California n. Kalifornija 4A1
donijeti (P) 13A2; donositi (I) [J] 11A1z call n. zov 15A1
bring (by vehicle) vb. call ( = give a name or by phone) vb.
dovesti (P); dovoditi (I) 20.III, 10A1z zvati (I) 1A1, 1A1z
bristling adj. naroguen 10A3 nazvati (P) 17C1; naziv ati (I) 19A1b,
brother n. brat 2A3 , pl braa 8A2 , 6A4z, pozvati (P) 13A1; pozivati (I)
8A2z, braco colloq. . B .VII . be called vb. zvati se 1A1
brown adj. sme my name is ... zovem se ... 1A1
brush (e.g. hair) vb. calm adj. miran 8A2
eljati (I); poeljati (P) 9A2 camera n. foto-aparat A .VI
building n. zgrada 6A1 can vb. moi (I) 2A4 , 2A4z, 10A2z
Bulgaria n. Bugarska 1 see also be able
bumble vb. Canadian n. Kana anin (m., general)
spetljati se (P); spetljavati se (I) B .VI Kanaanka (f.) 1A4
burden n. teret 16A1a cancel ( = void) vb.
burden vb. ponititi (P) 13A4; ponitav ati (I)
opteretiti (P) 16A3b; optereivati (I) cancer n. rak 18A3
burglary n. obijanje 20.VII candy n. slatki 4A3,
burn vb. ar iti (I) 18A2a, bombon [B,C] bombona [B,S] 12A2
goreti (I) [E]; gorjeti (I) [J] cap n. kapa 15A1
burner (on stove) n. vatra 14A1 capability n. sposobnost 10A3
burst forth vb. granuti (P) 14A2 capital (of a country) n. glavni grad 2
burst out vb. car n. au to 1A2, kola 7A2, 7A2z
prasnuti (P); praskati (I) B.IV by car kolima 7A2
bus n. autobus 7A2 care n. nega [E] njega [J]
bus adj. home care kuna nega [B,S] kuna
njega [C] 20 .I
autobuski [B,S] autobusni [C] 13A4, . 9A3 .
careful adj. paljiv 14A1
business adj. poslovan 13A3
carpenter n. stolar [B,C] tesar [B,S] 11A2z
business trip n. slubeni put 14A2
carrot n. mrkva [B,C] argarepa [S]
bustle n. vreva 20.I
carry vb. nositi (I) 5 5C1, 10A4z
busy adj. zauzet 11A1z
carry away vb.
but conj. ali 1A4, a 1A1, ma 7A3, no
458
odneti (P); odnositi (I) [E] 7A3 chemist n. hemiar [B,S] kemiar [C] (m.,
odnijeti (P); odnositi (I) [J] 7A3 general) hemiarka [B,S] kemiarka [C] (f.)
izneti (P) 19A3a; iznositi (I) [E] 11A2z
iznijeti (P) 19A3a; iznositi (I) [J] chemistry n. hemija [B,S] kemija [C] 13B3
carry out ( = complete) vb. chess n. ah 9A2z
izvriti (P) 12A4; izvravati (I) chicken ( = animal) n. koko [B,C,S] kokoka
sprovesti (P) 16A1a; sprovoditi (I) [B,S]
provesti (P) 16A2a; provoditi (I) chicken ( = meat) n. piletina
cartoon n. crtani film 7A3 child n.
case ( = instance) n. sluaj 14A3 dete [E] dijete [J] 8A2, 8A2z
case (grammatical) n. pade children n.
cash register n. blag ajna [B,C] kasa [S] 2A4 deca [E] djeca [J] 8A2, 8A2z, 9A2z
cat n. maka 1A2 chilly vb. prohladan 17A3a
tomcat n. maak China n. Kin a
catch vb. hvatati (I) uhvatiti (P) Chinese adj. kineski 9A1
catch sight of vb. ug ledati (P) 20.VIII, chirp vb. cvrkutati (I) 16A1b
nazreti (P) 19A2a; nazirati (I) chocolate n. okolada
catch up with vb. stii 6 9A4 choose ( = select) vb. bir ati (I) A.VIII
Catholic n. katolik (m., general) katolikinja opredeliti (P) [E] 16A3b
[S] katolkinja [B,C] (f.) opredijeliti (P) [J] 16A3b
Catholic church n. katolika crkva Christian n. hrianin [B,S] kranin [C] (m.,
ceiling n. plafon [B,S] strop [C] 8A4 general) hrianka [B,S] kranka [C] (f.)
ceiling adj. plafonski [B,S] stropni [C] 8A4 Christian adj.
celebrate vb. hrianski [B,S] kranski [C] 19A3b
slaviti (I) 12A3; proslaviti (P) 18A3 Christianity n.
cello n. violonelo 18A3 hrian stvo [B,S] kranstvo [C]
census n. popis stanovnitva [B,S] popis chronicle n.
puanstva [C] hronika [B,S] kronika [C] 11A3
center n. centar 10A1 church n. crkva
century n. stoljee [B,C] 17A2a, vek [E] cigarette n. cigareta 20.V
vijek [J] [B/S] cinammon n. cimet 20.III
certain adj. siguran 14A1z cinema n. bioskop [S] kino [B,C] 5A2,
certainly adv. sigurno 3A3, svakako 2A4 5A4z, kino-dvorana 16A1a
chair n. stolica 4A4 circle n. krug
chamomile (flower or tea) n. kamilica A .II circle vb.
chance ( = opportunity) n. ansa B.VI kruiti (I) 6A1; zaokruiti (P) 6A1
change n. promena [E] promjena [J] circumstance n. okolnost
change vb. citizen n. graanin (m., general) graanka (f.),
menjati (I); promeniti (P) [E] 20.II dravljanin (m., general) dravljanka (f.)
mijenjati (I); promijen iti (P) [J] 20.II city n. grad 4 3A3
chapter n. poglavlje 10A2 city adj. gradski 13A4
character (e.g. in a narrative) n. lik 10A3, city block n. ulica 13A4
karakter 19A1b city map n. plan grada 11A3
character ( = nature) n. karak ter 19A1b claim vb. tvrditi (I) B .III
chat vb. popriati (P) B .VI, askati (I) clarify vb.
B.V, porazgovarati (P) 16A2b razjasniti (P); razjanjavati (I) 10A4
cheat vb. varati (I) 14B2 clash vb.
cheer [someone] up vb. sukobiti se (P) 18A3; sukobljavati se (I)
razveseliti (P) 15A1; razveseljav ati (I) class (e.g. in school) n. razred 5C1
cheerful adj. veseo 8A1 class ( = lesson) n. as [B,S] sat [C] 7A4
cheers! excl. clean vb.
iveo! ivela! iv eli! ivele! [E] B.VIII istiti (I); poistiti (P) 15A1
ivio! ivjela! ivjeli! iv jele! [J] B.VIII clean adj. ist 9A2
cheese n. sir 4A3 clear adj. jasan 9A4
chemical adj. hemijski [B,S] kemijski [C] clear up (of weather, facial expression) vb.
2A4 razvedriti se (P); razvedravati se (I) 14A2
459
clemency n. pomilovanje 19A2a communication n. komunikacija B.VIII
clerk n. inovnik, pisar (m., general) communist n. komunist [C] komunista [B,S]
inovnica (f.) 11A2z 18A3
cliff n. hrid 17A3a community n. zajednica . 14B2 .
climb up vb. popeti se (P) 14A1 company ( = business) n. poduze [B,C]
clock n. sat 8A4 preduzee [B,S] 11A4
close vb. company ( = friends) n. drutvo 10A1
zatvoriti (P); zatvar ati (I) 12A2 compare vb.
close adj. blizak 18A3 uporediti (P) 11A2; uporeiv ati (I) [B,S]
closer adj. blii usporediti (P) 11A2; usporeivati (I) [C]
closer adv. blie comparison n. poreenje [B,S] usporedba [C]
close to blizu 5 4A4 11A2
closet (built-in) n. orman [B,S] ormar [B,C] complain vb.
clothing n. od ea [E] odjea [J] 20.VII jadati se (I); izjadati se (P) 15A1
cloud n. oblak 10A3 complete adj. celov it [E] cjelovit [J] 19A1b,
clumsy adj. nevet [E] nev jet [J] B.IV kompletan B.III, potpun
coast n. obala 6 completely adv. posve 14A4, sasvim 11A2,
coastal adj. obalni 16A2, primorski 16A3b potpuno
coastal area n. primorje 6 complex adj. sloen 19A1b
coat n. kaput 7A3 compose ( = formulate) vb. sroiti (P) 16A1a
coffee n. kaf a [B,S] kahva [B] kava [C] 4A3, compose (e.g. verse or song) vb.
. 10A1 ., . 14A1 . spevati (P) [E] 19A3b
coffee cup (Turkish) n. fildan 14A1 spjevati (P) [J] 19A3b
coffeepot (Turkish) n. dezva 14A1 composer n. kompozitor [B,S] skladatelj [C]
coincidence n. sluajnost B .VII (m., general) kompozitorka [B,S]
cold adj. hlad an 4A3 skladateljica [C] (f.) 11A2z
colleague composition n. sastav B.II
kolega (m., general) 9A4, koleg ica [B,C] computer n.
koleginica [B,S] (f.) 13A4 kompjuter [B,S] kompjutor [C] 7A4
collect vb. comrade n.
prikupiti (P) 19A3b; prikupljati (I) drug (m., general) drugarica (f.) 1A4
sabrati (P); sab irati (I) 20.V concept ( = notion) n. pojam 13A3
sakupiti (P); sakupljati (I) [B,S] 19A3b I have no idea nemam pojma 13A3
skupiti (P) B.VI; skupljati (I) [B,C,S] concept ( = plan) n. zamisao 19A1b
A . I concern n. zabrinutost 14A4
collection n. zbirka 17A4 concern vb. ticati se (I) 5A2, 5A2z, 6A3z
college n. koled 6A2 concerning o 5, 6A2
collide vb. concert n. koncert 6A2z
sudariti se (P); sudarati se (I) B.V conciliatory adj. pomirljiv 20.IV
color n. boja 2A3 conclude vb.
colorful adj. aren 5A1 zakljuiti (P); zakljuivati (I) 10A3
comb vb. eljati (I); poeljati (P) 9A2 conclusion n. zak ljuak 17A2b
come vb. condition ( = situation) n. stanje 14A3
doi (P) 6; dolaziti (I) 5A2, 5A2z, condition ( = prerequisite) n.
10A2z uslov [B,S] uvjet [B,C] 14A2
come back vb. vraati se (I) 14A2; vratiti se confirmation n. potvrda 16A2b
(P) 9A2, 10A1z confluence n. ue 3
come close vb. bliiti (I) B .IV confuse vb.
come on! excl. hajde 7A3 zbuniti (P); zbunjivati (I) B.VII
come upon vb. confused adj. smeten B.VI
naii na (P) 14A2; nailaziti na (I) congratulate vb. estitati (I) 12A3
comfortable adj. komotan 16A1a, udoban conjunction (grammar) n. veznik 17A1b
11A2, ugodan 7A2, 11A2z conjure up vb.
comma n. zarez doarati (P); doaravati (I) 17A3b
commentary n. komentar B.III connect vb.
commercial adj. poslovan 13A3 povezati (P) B .IV ; povezivati (I) 16A1b
460
spojiti (P) B .VIII; spajati (I) 18A3 corresponding adj. odgovarajui 16A2a,
connected adj. povezan B .IV 12A1z
connection n. sveza [C] veza [B,C,S] 13A2 corridor n. hodnik 13A1
conscience n. svest [E] svijest [J] cost vb. kotati (I) 16A3a
conscious adj. svestan [E] svjestan [J] B.IV country n. zemlja 6A1
consider ( = think, deliberate) vb. couple ( = pair of men) n. dvojica 12A2
razmisliti (P) 10A3; razmiljati (I) 8A3 couple ( = pair of mixed gender) n. dvoje
consider ( = regard to be) vb. smatrati (I) 12A2
11A3z courage n. hrabrost B .VI
considerable adj. poprilian 16A2b, prilian muster courage vb. odvaiti se (P) 16A3a
20.IV, znatan 14A2 course (e.g. language) n.
consideration n. obzir 16A2a teaj [B,C,S] kurs [B,S] 16A2b
consist (of) vb. sastojati se (iz) (I) 4 course ( = flow) n.
conspiratorial adj. tijek [C] tok [B,S] B.IV
zavereniki [E] zavjereniki [J] B .VI court (of law) n. sud 6A1z, in court na sudu
contact n. javljanje 16A3b, kontakt B .IV 6A1z
contact vb. court (royal) n. dvor B.V
javiti se (P); javljati se (I) 8A3 court ( = courtyard) n. dvor
contain vb. cousin n. brat, [B,S] brati [C], sestra [B,S]
sadrati (P) 19A1b; sadrav ati (I) sestrina [C]
contemporary adj. cowardice n. kukaviluk
savremen [B,S] suvremen [C] crab n. rak
contest n. nagradna igra B.II cracker n. kreker 4A3
continue vb. crazier adj. lui
nastaviti (P) 14A2; nastavljati (I) A.III crazy adj. lud B.V
contribute vb. create vb.
pridoneti (P) 16A2b; pridonositi (I) [E] stvoriti (P) 17A4; stvarati (I) 3
pridonijeti (P) 16A2b; pridonositi (I) [J] creature n. stvor B .VI
convalescence n. oporavak 20.I crew n. ekip a 16A1a
conversation n. razgovor 12A2 criticism n. kritika 18A3
conversational adj. konverzacijski [B,C] Croat n.
konverzacioni [B,S] 16A3b, razgovorni Hrvat (m., general) Hrvatica (f.) 1A4
converse vb. razgovar ati (I) 12A2 Croatia n. Hrvatska 1
converse briefly vb. porazgovar ati (I) 16A2b Croatian adj. hrvatski 2
convince vb. cross vb.
ubediti (P) B.VI; ubeivati (I) [E] prei (P); prelaziti (I) [B,C,S] 19A1a
ubijed iti (P) B .VI; ubjeivati (I) [J] [B/S] prijei (P); prelaziti (I) [C] 19A1a
uveriti (P); uveravati (I) [E] 16A3b crosswalk n. prelaz [B,C,S] prijelaz [C],
uvjeriti (P); uvjeravati (I) [J] 16A3b zebra
cook n. kuhar [B,C] kuvar [S] (m., general) crow n. vrana 18A1a
kuharica [B,C] kuvarica [S] (f.) 11A2z crowd ( = a large amount of people) n. guva
cook vb. [B,C,S] B .IV
kuhati (I) 6A4 ; skuhati (P) [B,C] 14A1 crowd ( = friends to hang out with) n. drutvo
kuvati (I) 6A4; skuvati (P) [S] 14A1 10A1, 10A1z, raja [B] B .VII
cookie n. keks 4A3 crowded adj. krcat 16A1a
cool adj. prohladan 17A3a, sve [E] svje [J] crucify vb.
cool off vb. raspeti (P) 17A3a; raspinjati (I)
rashlad iti (P) 16A3b; rashlaiv ati (I) cry vb. ( = weep) plakati (I) 18A2a
cooperation n. cuckoo n. kukavica
saradnja [B,S] suradnja [C] 18A3 culprit n. krivac 20.II
copy ( = edition) n. cultural adj. kulturan 19A3b
primerak [E] primjerak [J] 13A3 culture n. kultura 18A3
copy vb. cup n.
prepisati (P); prepisivati (I) 20.IV alica [B,C] olja [B,S] 14A1
corn n. kukuruz cupboard n.
corner n. ugao orman [B,S] ormar [B,C]
461
curl up vb. skupiti se (P) 20.V deafer adj. glui [B,C] gluvlji [S] 18A1a
currency n. euro [B,C] evro [B,S] (Europe) dear adj. drag 2A2, mio
. 12B5 . , evro (Montenegrin), Dear adj. (opening to letter) potovani 19A2
konvertabilna marka (Bosnian), kuna death n. smrt 17A2a
(Croatian) 12A2z, srpski dinar (Serbian) deathbed n. samrt 18A3
curtain n. zastor [C], zavesa [E] zavjesa [J] deceive vb. prevariti (P) 15A1
[B,C,S] 20.I December n.
curved adj. kriv decembar [B,S] prosinac [C] 6A2
custom n. obiaj 12A3 decide vb. odluiti (P) 12A3; odluivati (I)
customary adj. uobiajen 16A3a decisive adj. presudan 19A3b
customer n. muterija 13A2 decorate vb.
cute adj. ljubak 15A1 kititi (I); nak ititi (P) 19A3a,
cycle n. ciklus 19A1b ukrasiti (P); ukraav ati (I)
Cyrillic n. irilica dedicate vb.
Czech n. eh (m., general) ehinja (f.) posvetiti (P); posveiv ati (I) 16A2a
dedication n. posveta 20.VIII
D defense n. obrana [C] odbrana [B,S]
Dad n. tata 9A4 defend vb. braniti (I)
daily adj. dnevni 12A1 definitely adv. itekako 13A4
Dalmatia n. Dalmacija see map 6 degree ( = gradation) n. stepen [B,S] stupanj
Dalmatian adj. dalmatinski 8A3 [C] 16A3a
damage n. teta 13A3, kvar delay n. zakanjen je 14A4
damp adj. vlaan 20.VIII delight vb.
dance n. radovati (I); obradovati (P) 16A1b,
igra [B,S] ples [B,C] 15A1, 15A1z razveseliti 15A1
dance vb. dentist n.
igrati (I) [B,S] 15A1 zubar (m., general) zubarica (f.) 11A2z
plesati (I) [B,C] 15A1 dentistry n. stomatologija 13B3
dancer n. igra [B,S] plesa [B,C] (m., deny vb. poricati (I) B .V; porei (P)
general) igraica [B,S] plesaica [B,C] (f.) department (in university) n. fakultet 5A2,
11A2z . 5A2 ., katedra 16A2b, odsek [E] odsjek
dangerous adj. opasan 7A2 [J] 16A1a
Danube n. Dunav 7 dependent (on) adj. zav isan (od) [B,S] ovisan
dare vb. (o) 16A3b
smeti (I) [E] 12A3, 12A3z depth n. dubina 15A1
smjeti (I) [J] 12A3, 12A3z descend vb. sii (P) 13A4; silaziti (I)
dark adj. mraan 18A1a, taman 18A1a describe vb. opisati (P); opisiv ati (I) 10A3
darkness n. mrak 14A2, tama 17A4 designate vb.
date (e.g. on calendar) n. datum 20.VIII oznaiti (P); oznaav ati (I) 17A1b
dative (case) n. dativ desire n. elja 14A1
datum, data n. podatak 16A3 desk n. pisai sto [B,S] pisai stol [C]
daughter n. erka [S] kerka [B,C] 8A1, ki despair n. oaj 20 .III
[B,C,S] 4 8A1 despairing adj. oajan 14A2
day n. dan 4 1A3 despite prep. uprkos 16A3b
day after tomorrow prekosutra 20.IV dessert n. poslastica [B,S] slastica [C] 11A2
day before yesterday prekjue [B,S] destined adj. suen 20.VI
prekjuer [C] . 5A2 . detail n. pojedinost B.VI
for days danima determine vb.
on the next day idueg dana [B,C,S] odrediti (P) 18A1b; odreiv ati (I)
narednog dana [S] sledeeg dana [E] development n. razvoj
sljedeeg dana [J] devise vb.
(to) this very day dan danas 18A3 smisliti (P) 16A1a; smiljati (I)
all day ceo dan [E] cijeli dan [J] 7A4 dictionary n. renik [E] rjenik [J] 2A1
dead adj. mrtav die vb.
deadline n. rok 9A1 umreti (P) [E] 17A1a
deaf adj. gluh [B,C] gluv [S] 18A1a umrijeti (P) [J] 17A1a
462
be dying vb. umirati (I) 18A1b praviti (P) 20.III
diet n. dijeta 20.VI do ( = be engaged in) vb.
difference n. razlika 16A1b baviti se (I) 11A3, 11A3z
different adj. razliit 11A2 zanimati se (I) 16A2b
difficult adj. teak 2A2 raditi (I) 2A1 9A2z, 10A2z
digital adj. digitalni 19A3b doctor n.
dignity n. dostojanstvo 20.I lekar [E] ljek ar [J] [B/S] lijenik [C]
diligent adj. vredan [E] vrijedan [J] 8A1 (m., general) 11A2z
dining room n. lekarka [E] ljekarka [J] [B/S] 5A3
blagovaonica [C] trpezarija [B,S] 16A1b lijenica [C]
dinner ( = midday meal) n. ruak 5A2 doktor [B,C,S] (m.,general) 11A3
dinner ( = evening meal ) n. veera 5A2 doktorica [B,C] doktorka [S] 11A3 (f.)
direct ( = give directions) vb. documentary film dokumentarac 7A3
uputiti (P) 16A2a; upuivati (I) dog n. pas 1A2
direct adj. doll n. lutka 9A2z
izravan [C] neposredan [B,C,S] 16A2b domestic adj. domai 1A4, kuni 20.I
director (of an enterprise) n. direktor [B,C,S] don ( = put on) vb.
ravnatelj [C] (m., general) direktor ica odenuti se (P); odevati se (I) [E] B .I
[B,C,S] ravnateljica [C] (f.) 11A2z odenuti se (P); odijevati se (I) [J] B.I
director (of a film or theater) n. reiser 15A1 donkey n. magarac
dirty adj. prljav 9A2 dont nemoj 7A2, 7A2z
disappear vb. door n. vrata 6A1, 6A1z
nestati (P) 14A4; nestajati (I) 19A1a dormitory n. stud entski dom 7A4
disappearance n. nestanak 17A4 double adj. dvostruk 15A1
disappoint vb. doubt vb.
razoarati (P); razoaravati (I) sumnjati (I); posumnjati (P) 10A3
be disappointed vb. dough n. testo [E] tijesto [J]
razoarati se (P); razoaravati se (I) 20.V dove n. golub
discipline n. disciplina B.III downstream adv. nizvodno 20 .VIII
disclose vb. down adv. dole [E] dolje [J]
razotkriti (P) 17A3b; razotkrivati (I) down from prep. s, sa 5
discover vb. drag vb. vui (I)
otkriti (P) 20 .VI; otkrivati (I) dramatic adj. dramski 13B3
pronai (P) 14A3 ; pronalaziti (I), 11A1z dramatic arts dramske umetnosti [E] dramske
discreet adj. diskretan B.VI umjetnosti [J] 13B3
discussion n. diskusija 19A2b, rasprava draw vb.
11A1 crtati (I); nacrtati (P) 18A1b
dish (e.g. plate, bowl) n. sud 12A2 draw in v. uvui (P); uvlaiti (I) A.VIII
dishes n. posue [B,C] sudovi [S] 12A2 drawing n. crtanje 10A3, 10A4z, 11A3z
dish (on a menu) n. jelo 6A4 draw out vb. izvui (P) 20.V, 11A1z;
side dish n. prilog izvlaiti (I)
dishtowel n. krpa A.VI dream n. san 17A3a
disk n. disk 19A3b dream vb.
dismiss (with the wave of a hand) vb. sanjati (I) 9A1, snivati (I) 18A1a
odmahnuti (P); odmahivati (I) 20.VI dress n. haljina 11A1
disperse vb. dress vb.
razii se (P) 14A2; razilaziti se (I) obui (P); oblaiti (I) A .VIII 9A2z
display window n. izlog 12A2 get dressed vb.
distance n. daljina 15A1 obui se (P); oblaiti se (I)
distant (in time) adj. davni 17A2b drier adj. sui
distinguish vb. razlikovati (I) 18A2b drink vb. piti (I) 4 5A1, 2A1z, 5A4z
divine adj. boji 17C1 drink to the last drop vb. iskap iti (P)
do ( = accomplish) vb. B.VIII, popiti (P) 5A4, 5A4z, 11A1z
raditi (I) 2A1 drink n. pie B.VII, . 10A1 .
uiniti (P) 19A3a drink to the last drop vb.
izvriti (P) 12A4 drip vb. kapati (I) 14
463
drive (a vehicle) vb. voziti (I) 7A2 , 7A2z eighty (80) num. osamdeset 5A1
drive ( = not walk) vb. voziti se (I) 7A2 either ... or conj. ili ... ili 1A3
drive away vb. odvesti (P); odvoziti (I) not either conj. ni 7A1
7A3z, 10A4z, 11A1z ekavian n. ek avica 15A1
driver n. voza 7A2, 11A2z elbow n. lakat 10A4
drivers license n. vozaka dozvola 11A3 electrician n. elektriar (m., general) elek-
drizzle vb. rositi (I) 14 triarka (f.) 11A2z
drop in vb. elegant adj. elegantan 11A1
navratiti (P) 12A2 ; navraati (I) elephant n. slon
dry adj. suh [B,C] suv [S] 18A1a eleven (11) num. jedanaest 5A2, 12A1z
duck n. patka eleventh adj. jedan aesti 11A1, 6A2z
due to zbog 5 10A3, 13A3z else adv. drugo 13A1
duet n. duet 15A1 embassy n. ambasada [B,S] veleposlanstvo [C]
duke n. her ceg . 18C5 . embrace vb. grliti (I); zagrliti (P) 16A1b
duration n. trajanje 16A3a emperor n. car 19A2b
during prep. tijekom [C] tokom [B,S] 16A2a, emphasize vb.
za vreme [E] za vrijeme [J] 5C1 istai [istaknuti] (P); isticati (I) B .III
dusk n. suton 18A1a employee n. radnik (m., general) 11A3 rad-
dwelling place n. boravite 17A2a nica (f.)
employment n. zapoljav anje 11A4
E employment service n. sluba za
each (e.g. they each bought an ice cream kupili zapoljavanje 11A4
su po jedan sladoled) po 5 5A1, 5A1z empty adj. prazan 13A1
each other use "se" with verb 15A2z, jed an encourage vb.
drugi 11A2z, 15A2z, . 16B1 . podstai [podstaknuti] (P) 19A3b
eagle n. orao podsticati (I)
ear n. uho [B,C,S] uvo [S] 10A3, 10A4z end n. kraj [B,C,S] 7A4, zavretak [B,C,S]
early adv. rano 7A4, 9A2z 20.VIII, konac [B,C] 16A2a
earn vb. end vb. zavriti se (P); zavravati se (I) 6A2
zarad iti (P); zaraiv ati (I) 11A3 endure vb. izdrati (P); izdravati (I) 20.V
earth n. zemlja 6A1 engineer n. inenjer 11A3
east n. istok 6 engineering, electrical n. elektrotehnika
east ( = eastern) adj. istoni 13B3, . 5A2 .
easy adj. engineering, mechanical n. mainstvo [B,S]
lak [B,C,S] lahak [B] 2A2, . 2A2 ., 11A1z strojarstvo [C] 13B3
eat vb 6. England n. Engleska 4A1
jesti (I) 5A1; pojesti (P) 5A4, 5A4z, English adj. engleski 4A1
6A2z, 9A2z, 10A2z, 11A1z English studies n. anglistika 13B3
eat breakfast dorukovati (I/P) 7A1 Englishman n. Englez 1A4
eat lunch, dine ruati 7A3z Englishwoman n. Engleskinja 1A4
eat supper veerati (I/P) 10A1 enjoy vb. uiv ati (I) 12A2
economics n. ekonomija 13B3 enough adv. dosta 10A4
economy n. privreda [B,S] gospodarstvo [B,C] enormous adj. golem 19A3a
edge n. rub 20.IV enter vb.
edition n. izdanje [B,C,S] naklada [C] 20.V ui (P) 12A2 ; ulaziti (I) B.V, 15A2z
effort n. trud 16A2a enter (into a document, book) vb.
egg n. jaje 4 7A1, 8A2z uneti (P); unositi (I) [E] 15A2
egg sunnyside up jaje na oko 7A1 unijeti (P); unositi (I) [J] 15A2
scrambled eggs kajgana 7A1 entire adj. celokupan [E] cjelokupan [J] 20 .V
eight (8) num. osam 12A1z envelope n. koverta [B,S] kuverta [C], koverat
eight hundred (800) num. osamsto 12A1z [B,S], omotnica [C]
eight-year adj. osmogodinji 20.III environment n. okolina 16A3a
eighteen (18) num. osamnaest 5A1, 12A1z envy n. zav ist 20.III
eighteenth (18th) adj. osamnaesti 18A1 epic adj. epski 19A3b
eighth (8th) adj. osmi 8A1, 6A2z, 12A1z epoch n. doba 17A3b, epoha 6A2,
eighth (1/8) n. osmin a 12A1z vek [E] vijek [J] 19A3b
464
equate vb. except prep. osim [B,C,S] 8A3 sem [S]
izjednaiti (P); izjednaivati (I) exceptional adj.
be equal vb. izniman [C] izuzetan [B,C,S] 16A2b
izjednaiti se (P); izjednaivati se (I) excessively adv. suvie 16A3a
17A2a excitement n. uzbuen je 15A2
equipment n. oprema 14A1, pribor 20.V exciting adj. uzbudljiv
erase vb. brisati (I); izbrisati (P) 10A3 exclamation point n. usklinik [B,C] uzvinik
eraser n. guma 10A3 [B,S]
error n. greka B .III exclude vb.
escape n. beg [E] bijeg [J] 20.VI izuzeti (P); izuzimati (I) 20.VI
escort ( = action or followers) n. pratnja 20 .VII excrement n. govno (vulg.), izmet
escort ( = individual) n. pratilac 4 excursion n. izlet 14A4
especially adv. naroito 10A4 excuse me izvini, izvinite [B,S] oprosti,
essay n. esej 18A3 oprostite [C] 2A1z
essential adj. bitan B.VIII exempt vb.
establish vb. utvrditi (P) 14A3; utvriv ati (I) izuzeti (P); izuzimati (I) 20.VI
esteem n. potovanje 16A2a exercise n. veba [E] vjeba [J] 1A4
esteemed adj. potovan 16A2a exercise vb.
etc. abbr. itd. 16A1a vebati (I) [E] 2A1
eternal adj. vean [E] vjean [J] 17A2a vjebati (I) [J] 2A1
eternity n. venost [E] vjenost [J] 17A2a exist vb. postati (P) 18A3; postajati (I)
ethnology n. etnologija 16A2b existence n. postojanje 17A4
euro (currency) n. euro [B,C] evro [B.S] existing adj. postojei 19A1b
Europe n. Europa [B,C] Evropa [B,S] 4A1 exit ( = way out) n. izlaz
evaluate vb. exit ( = departure) n. izlazak 20.III
oceniti (P); ocenjivati (I) [E] 10A3 expand vb.
ocijeniti (P); ocjenjivati (I) [J] 10A3 proiriti (P); proiriv ati (I) B.III
even adj. ravan 13A4 expect vb. oekivati (I) 14A4
even adv. ak 4A2 expectation n. oekivanje
evening n. vee [B,S] veer [C] 3A2 expense(s) n. troak 9A3
in the evening navee [B] naveer [C] expensive adj. skup 7A2
uvee [S] 5A4 experience vb.
this evening veer as 3A1 doiveti (P); doivljavati (I) [E] B .IV
event n. dogaaj 16A3b doivjeti (P); doivljavati (I) [J] B.IV
-ever adv. -god . 18A3a . expert n. strunjak 16A2a
ever adv. ikada B.IV explain vb.
not ever adv. nikada objasniti (P) 10A3; objanjavati (I) 10A4z
ever since conj. otkada B .VIII explanation n. objanjen je 20.VIII, 10A4z
every adj. svaki 6A4 explore ( = investigate) vb.
everyday adj. svakodnevan B.III istraiti (P) 16A2b; istraivati (I) 15A2
everyday life n. svakidanjica 20 .III express vb.
everyone n. svi 12A2, 15A2z izraziti (P) 19A1b; izraav ati (I)
everything n. sve 2A3 , 15A2z expression n. izraz 15A2
evil adj. zao 5A1 exquisite adj. prelep [E] prelijep [J] B.IV
evil n. zlo extend ( = offer) vb.
exam, examination ( = test in school) n. ispit pruiti (P) 12A2; pruati (I)
6A2, . 10A2 . extend ( = make longer) vb.
exam, examination (medical) n. pregled 20.IV produiti (P); produav ati (I)
exam adj. ispitni 9A1 external adj. vanjski
examine ( = test, interrogate) vb. ispitati (P); extinguish vb.
ispitiv ati (I) 20.VII gasiti (I); ugasiti (P) 20.V
examine ( = evaluate, esp. medically) vb. trnuti (I); utrnuti (P) 17A3a
pregledati (P); pregledati (I) 11A1z extricate (oneself) vb.
example n. primer [E] primjer [J] 17C1 izvui se (P); izvlaiti se (I) 20.II
excellent adj. izvrstan 10A1, odlian eye n. oko 10A3, 10A4z
excellent adv. odlino 2A4 , izvrsno B .II eyebrow n. obrva 10A4
465
eyelid n. vea [E] vjea [J] 18A2a 10A3, 10A2z
osjetiti se (P) ; osjeati se (I) [J]
F 10A3, 10A2z
fabricate vb. izmisliti (P); izmiljati (I) 20.VIII feeling n. oseaj [E] osjeaj [J] 19A3b
face n. lice 9A2 feign vb.
fact n. injenica [B,C,S], fakt [C] fakat [B,S] hiniti (I) [C] 20.V
factory n. fabrika [B,S] tvornica [B,C] 20.II praviti se (I) [B,C,S] 20.V
fairy tale n. bajka B.VIII glumiti (I) B.V
faith n. vera [E] vjera [J] 17A2a fellow sufferer n.
fake adj. laljiv 17A1a sapatnik [B,S] sup atnik [C] 20.V
fall vb. female adj. enski 10A3
pasti (P); padati (I) 10A2, 10A1z, 10A2z feminine adj. enski 10A3
fall ( = autumn) n. jesen 3A2 feminine gender n. enski rod
in the fall na jesen 9A3 ferry n. trajekt
fall ( = abrupt descent) n. pad festival n. festival 16A1a
fall asleep vb. usnuti (P) 20.V folklore festival smotra folkora 16A2a
fall ill vb. fever n. groznica, temperatura, vruica
oboleti (P); obolevati (I) [E] 18A3 few n. nekolicina 19A2b
oboljeti (P); obolijevati (I) [J] 18A3 few adv. malo 5A1
fall in love vb. field n. polje 4 19A1b
zaljubiti se (P); zaljubljivati se (I) B.VII plowed field n. njiva 18A1a
false adj. laan 19A2a field work n. terenski rad 16A2a
falsehood n. la 10A3 fifteen (15) num. petnaest 5A1, 12A1z
family n. familija [B,C,S] obitelj [C] fifteen (approx.) num. petnaestak 12A1z
porodica [B,S] 9A1 fifth (5th) adj. peti 5A1, 6A2z
familial adj. fifty (50) num. pedeset 5A1, 12A1z
obiteljski [C] porodini [B,S] 12A3 fig n. smokva 5A1
famous adj. uv en 15A1, poznat 18A3 fight vb. svaditi se (P); svaati se (I) 15A2z
far adv. daleko 4A4 figure n. figura 19A1b, lik 10A3
farewell n. zbogom 20.VIII fill vb. puniti (I); napuniti (P) 12A3
farmer n. poljoprivrednik 11A2z final adj. konaan 14A4, zavrni B.I,
fascist adj. faistiki 18A3 poslednji [E] posljednji [J] 14A1
fast adj. brz 2A2, 11A1z finally adv. konano 14A4, najzad 5C1 ,
faster adj. bri 11A2z napokon 10A2, naposletku [E] naposljetku
fat adj. deb eo 3A3, 2A3z, 11A2z [J] 16A2b
father n. otac 2A3, 2A3z, . 9A4 . financial support
fatter adj. deblji 11A2z financiranje [C] finansir anje [B,S] 16A2a
favorite n. ljubimac 15A1 find vb.
favorite adj. najdrai nai (P) 12A2; nalaziti (I)
fear n. strah 10A3 find out vb.
(he) is afraid vb. strah (ga) je saznati (P) 14A2; saznavati (I)
10A3, 10A2z finding ( = result) n. nalaz 20 .III
fear vb. fine ( = good) adv.
plaiti se (I); up laiti se (P) 11, . 10A3 . fino 2A3, lepo [E] lijepo [J] 2A4
bojati se (I) 7A2, 5A2z, 9A2z, . 10A3 . I'm fine dobro mi je 10A2z
live in fear strep iti (I) [B,C] strepeti [S] fine ( = OK) adv. u redu 13A2
B.V that's fine moe 2A4z
feature n. crta 10A3, odlika 17A3b fine arts n. likovna umetnost [E] likovna
February n. februar [B,S] veljaa [C] 6A2 umjetnost [J] 13B3
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina n. finger n. prst 10A4
Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine see map 4 finish vb.
feel ( = sense) vb. zavriti (P); zavravati (I) 11A1
osetiti (P) 15A1 ; oseati (I) [E] svriti (P) 15A1 ; svravati (I) 17A2a
osjetiti (P) 15A1; osjeati (I) [J] finished adj. gotov
feel ( = experience emotion) vb. fire n. vatra 14A1
osetiti se (P); oseati se (I) [E] fire (from a job) vb.
466
otpustiti (P); otputati (I) 20.I following adj. za + Inst 5 15A1
firm adj. vrst 14A1 food n. hrana 6A4
firmer adj. vri fool n. budala
first (1st) adj. prvi 1A1 , 6A2z, 12A4z foolish adj. blesav B.VI
first, firstly adv. prvo 4A4 foot n. noga 10A3, stopalo 10A4, 10A4z
first of all adv. najpre [E] najprije [J] 16A2a on foot adv. pjeice [C] 5A2, peke [E]
first aid n. hitna pomo 14A3, prva pomo pjeke [J] [B/S] 5A2
fish n. riba 6A4 for prep. za 5 2A3, po 9A4
fisherman (professional) n. ribar for the sake of radi 5 14A2
fisherman (recreational) n. ribi 20.V for example na primer [E] na primjer [J]
fishing n. pecanje 20.II 11A3
fishing adj. ribarski 20.VIII for that reason zato B .IV
fishing gear n. pribor za pecanje 20 .V force n. sila, snaga 12A4
fishing hut n. ribarska kuica 20 .VIII force vb.
fishing pole n. rib iki tap 20.VIII naterati (P) [E] B.III
fist n. aka 10A4 natjerati (P) [J] B .III
fitting adj. shodan 18A3 forehead vb. elo 18A2a
five (5) num. pet 5A1, 5A1z, 12A1z foreign adj. stran 16A1a
five (group of men) num. petorica 12A2z foreign lands n. inostranstvo [B,S] inozemstvo
five (group of mixed company) num. petero [C] [C] 8A3
petoro [B,S] 12A2z foreign language n. strani jezik B .I
five hundred (500) num. petsto 12A1z foreigner n. stran ac 16A2b
flakes n. pahuljice 7A1 forest n. uma 20 .VIII
flee vb. forestry n. umarstvo 13B3
pobei (P); beati (I) [E] 18A3, B .VIII forever adv. zauvek [E] zauvijek [J] 17A2a
pobjei (P); bjeati (I) [J] 18A3, B .VIII forget vb.
float (in the air) vb. zaboraviti (P); zaborav ljati (I) 10A4
lebdeti (I) [E] 20.II forgetful adj. zaboravan A .V
lebdjeti (I) [J] 20.II forgive vb.
floor ( = surface on which one stands) n. oprostiti (P) 2A1 ; pratati (I) 20 .VI
pod 6A1 fork n. vilica [C] viljuka [B,S]
floor (story of a building) n. formal adj. formalan B.VIII
kat [C] sprat [B,S] 6A1 , . 6A1 . form (e.g. application) n. formular 16A2a
ground floor n. prizemlje 6A1, . 6A1 . form n. oblik 15A2
flow vb. tei (I) 6 3 former adj. bivi 12A2z
flow through vb. proticati (I) 7 formulate vb. sroiti (P) 16A1a
flow out vb. oticati (I) 7 fortress n. tvrava 16A3b
flower n. cvet [E] cvijet [J] fortunate adj. srean [S] sretan [B,C] 2A2
flowers n. cvee [E] cvijee [J] (coll.) fortunately adv. sreom 14A3
12A2, 12A2z fortune n. srea 8A3
flu n. grip [S] gripa [B,C] forty (40) num. etrdeset 5A1
fly n. muha [C] muva [B,S] foundation n. temelj 16A2a, osnov [B,S]
fly vb. osnova [B,C,S] B.VIII
leteti (I); poleteti (P) [E] 15A1 four (4) num. etiri 5A2, 4A2z, 12A1z
letjeti (I); poletjeti (P) [J] 15A1 four (group of men) num. etvorica 12A2z
fly off vb. four (group of mixed company) etvero [C]
odleteti (P) 15A1; odletati (I) [E] A.III etvoro [B,S] num. 12A2z, B.IV
odletjeti (P) 15A1; odlijetati (I) [J] A.III four hundred (400) num. etiristo 12A1z
flying n. letenje 15A1 fourteen (14) num. etrnaest 5A1, 12A1z
foam n. pena [E] pjena [J] 14A1 fourteenth (14th) adj. etrnaesti 14A1
fog n. mag la 14A4 fourth (4th) adj. etvrti 4A1, 6A2z, 12A3z
folk n. narod [B,C,S] 17A2a puk [C] 17A2a fragrance n. miris 20.II
folk adj. narodni [B,C,S] 19A3b puki [C] France n. Fran cuska 4A1
folklore n. folklor 16A2a free ( = unbound) adj. slobodan 16A2b
folklore festival n. smotra folkora 16A2a free ( = gratis) adj. besplatan 16A2b
folktale n. narodna pria B.VIII freedom n. sloboda 19A2b
467
French adj. francuski 2A4, 9A2z prikupiti (P) 19A3b; prikupljati (I)
Frenchwoman n. Fran cuskinja 1A4 sabrati (P); sab irati (I) 20.V
Frenchman n. Fran cuz 1A4 sakupiti (P); sakupljati (I) [B,S] 19A3b,
frequently adv. esto 7A1 11A1z
fresh adj. sve [E] svje [J] 7A1 skupiti (P) B.VI; skupljati (I) [B,C,S] A.I
freshen up ( = refresh oneself) vb. gather together (a group of people) vb.
osveiti se (P); osveavati se (I) [E] B.IV okupiti (P); okupljati 14A1z
osvjeiti se (P); osvjeavati se (I) [J] B.IV gathering n. skup
freshman n. student prve godine gaze n. pogled 10A3
Friday n. petak 2A1 gaze vb. motriti (I) 18A1a
on Fridays petkom 7A2z gender n. rod
friend n. drug [B,S] prijatelj [B,C,S] (m., general adj. opi [B,C] opti [S]
general) 1A4 , 1A4z, drugar ica [B,S] in general uope [B,C] uopte [B,S] 10A1
prijateljica [B,C,S] (f.) 4A2 generation n. narataj [C] pokoljenje [B,S],
friendship n. prijateljstvo B.IV koleno [E] koljeno [J] 19A3b
frighten vb. genitive (case) adj. genitiv
plaiti (I); up laiti (P) 11 gentle adj. blag B .IV
be frightened gentleman n. gospodin 2A2
plaiti se (I); up laiti se (P) . 10A3 ., 11 gentlemen n. gospoda 8A2, 8A2z
frivolous adj. neozbiljan 3A3 geographical adj. geografski [B,C,S]
from prep. iz 5 4A1, 4A4z, od 5 zemljopisni [C] 1
4A3, s, sa 4A4 geography n. geografija 13B3
from afar adv. izdaleka 14A4 German n Nemac [E] Njemac [J] (m., general)
from here odavde 13A4 Nemica [E] Njemica [J]
front hall n. predsoblje 16A1b German adj. nemaki [E] njemaki [J] 2A4
fruit, fruits n. voe 4A3 Germanic language studies germanistika
fugitive n. begunac [E] bjegunac [J] 18A3 13B3
full adj. pun 4A3 Germany n. Nemaka [E] Njemaka [J] 4A1
function n. funkcija get down from vb.
function vb. sii (P) 13A4 ; silaziti (I)
funkcionirati (I/P) [C] 19A1b get dressed up vb. ured iti se (P); ureiv ati se
funkcionisati (I/P) [B,S] 19A1b (I) B .VI
funding n. stipendiranje 16A1a get in touch vb. stup iti u vezu 16A2a
funny ( = humorous) adj. smean [E] get irritated vb. iznervirati se (P) 11
smijean [J] get married (said of a man) vb.
funny ( = peculiar) adj. udan eniti se (I); oeniti se (P)
furniture n. nametaj [E] namjetaj [J] 12A1 get married (said of a woman) vb.
further adv. dalje 7 udati se (P); udav ati se (I) B.II
furthermore adv. osim toga 8A3 get to know [someone] vb.
fury n. bes [E] bijes [J] upoznati (P) 16A1a; upoznavati (I)
future n. budunost 7A2 get to know [one another] vb.
future tense n. budue vreme [E] budue upoznati se (P) B .I; upoznavati se (I)
vrijeme [J] 15A2 B.II
get used to vb.
G priviknuti se (P); privikavati se (I) 20.II
gamble away vb. prokockati (P) 7A2 ghost n. duh
game ( = amusement) n. igra [B,C,S] gift n. dar B .III, poklon
game ( = sports competition) n. utakmica girl (= teens to early twenties) n. devojka [E]
12A2 djevojka [J] 4, cura B.V
garden n. bata [B,S] vrt [B,C] 16A3b girl ( = little girl) n. mala,
garlic n. beli luk [E] bijeli luk [J] [B/S] devojica [E] djevojica [J]
enjak [C] give vb.
gas ( = gasoline) benzin 5A2 dati (P) 5A2; dav ati (I) 6 3A1z,
gas ( = natural) n. plin 6A3z, 10A2z
gas ( = stomach) plinovi give (e.g. a gift) vb. darovati (I) 20 .VIII,
gather vb.. pokloniti (P) 12A2; poklanjati (I) B.VIII
468
gladden vb. veseliti se (I), grandchildren n. unuad 12A2z
radovati (I) B.III; obradovati (P) granddaughter n. unuka
be glad vb. veseliti se (I) 20.III, grandfather n. deda [B,S] 8 ded [E] djed
radovati se (I) B.III; obradovati se (P) [J] [C] 9A4
14A4 grandmother n. baka [B,C,S], baba [B,S]
gladly adv. drage volje 16A3b, rado 13A1 9A4, 5A3z, nena [B] 5A3z
glance at vb. grandson n. unuk 8 12A2z
pogledati (P) 20.V; pogledati (I) 2A4 grasp vb. shvatiti (P) 14A4; shvaati (I) 20.V
glass (for drinking) n. aa 4A3 grateful adj. zahvalan 13A4
small glass n. aiica B.VIII gratify vb. goditi (I) 20.III
glass (material) staklo gray n. siv 8A1, 8A1z
gloomy adj. mrk 18A1a great! excl. super! 3A1
glossary n. renik [E] rjenik [J] 2A1 great ( = vast, majestic) adj. velik 3A2
glow vb. ozariti (P) 18A2a Greece n. Grka 4A1
go vb. ii (I) 5A1, 5A2z, 7A3z Greek adj. grki
go numb vb. protrnuti (P) 20.VIII Greek n. Grk (m., general) Grkinja (f.)
go out vb. green adj. zelen 4A4
izai (P) 10A1; izlaziti (I) 20.VI greet ( = say hello) vb.
izii (P) [B,C] 10A1 ; izlaziti (I) 20.VI pozdraviti (P) A .VII; pozdravljati (I) 6A3
go out for a drink vb. greet (one another) vb. pozdraviti se (P) 12A1;
izai na pie [B,C,S] pozdravljati se (I) 6A3
izii na pie [B,C] B .VII greet (upon arrival) vb. doekati (P) 5A3
God, god n. Bog, bog 17A3a greeting n. pozdrav 6A3
godfather n. kum . B.VIII . grieve vb. tugovati (I) 15A1, 15A1z
godmother n. kuma . B.VIII . grill n. rotilj 11A2
gold n. zlato 19A3a grin vb.
good adj. dobar 4 1A3, 11A1z smekati se (I) [E] B .V
good morning dobro jutro 2A4 smjekati se (I) [J] B.V
good night laku no 3A2 grind vb.
goodbye adv dovien ja [B,C,S] 2A4, bok! mleti (I); samleti (P) [E] 14A1
[C] ciao [B,C] ao! [B,S] 1A1, zdravo mljeti (I); samljeti (P) [J] 14A1
[B,C,S] 1A1 group n. grupa 16A3b
say goodbye opratati se (I) 20.VI group vb.
goodbye (final) n. zbogom [B,C,S] 20.VIII grupirati (I/P) [C] 19A2b
govern vb. vladati (I) grupisati (I/P) [B,S] 19A2b
government minister n. min istar [B,C,S] (m., grouse (bird) n. tetreb [E] tetrijeb [J] B.VII
general) ministrica [C] (f.) 11A2z grow vb. rasti 16A1b
government n. vlada 18A3 guess vb.
grab vb. dohvatiti (P) 19A3a, pogoditi (P); pogaati (I) B.VII
uhvatiti (P) 14A1; uhvaati (I) guest n. gost (m., general) 13A1 goa (f)
grade ( = year of schooling) n. razred 5C1 guilt n. krivnja 20.VII
grade ( = evaluation) n. guilty adj. kriv 20.VI
ocena [E] ocjena [J] . 10A2 . guitar n. gitara
gradual adj. postepen 19A3a gust (of wind) n. nalet 14A2
graduate (with B.A. or higher) vb. diplomirati gym n. teretana A.V
(I/P) B .VI
graduate study n. H
poslijediplomski studij [C] postdiplomski hair n. kosa 10A4
studij [B,C,S] 16A2a haircut n. ianje
graduation (secondary school) n. get a haircut vb.
matur a B.IV iati se (I); oiati se (P) B.IV
elementary school graduation hairdo n. frizura B.V
mala matura hairdresser n. frizerka B.I
grammar n. gramatika 2A4 hairdryer (in a salon) n. hauba B.V
grammar adj. gramatiki 17A2b half n. po, pola 14A2, polovica [B,C]
grandchild n. unue 12A2z polovina [B,S] 12A1, 12A1z
469
hall n. (e.g. for a concert) dvorana 16A1a help vb.
hallway n. hodnik 13A1 pomoi (P) 10A1z; pomag ati (I) 10A4,
ham n. unka A .II 15A2z
hand n. ruka 4 9A2, aka 10A4, helpless adj. bespomoan 14A2
10A4z, .10A4 . her pron. 4 2A2z, 6A3z, 7A1z
on the one hand s jedne stran e 8A4z (clitic) je 2A1, 2A2z, ju 2A2z, joj
on the other hand s druge stran e (full) nju 2A2, nje, njoj, njom
hand to vb. see also she
uruiti (P); uruivati (I) B .VI here (location) adv.
handball n. rukomet tu 4A2, ovde [E] ovdje [J] 2A3
handbook n. prirunik B.III here ( = to here) adv. ovamo 7A3 , . 7.A4 .
handkerchief n. maramica A .VII here ( = from here) adv. odavde 13A4
handle n. drka [B,S] drak [C] 14A1 here (pointing) evo 4A4
happen vb. here you are! izvoli! or izvolite! 2A4
dogoditi se (P) 12A4, 9A2z; doga ati se (I) heritage n. batina 16A2b
[B,C,S] 20.VI hero n. jun ak 4
desiti se (P) B.VIII; deavati se (I) heroic adj. junaki 19A3b
[B,S] 17A2b hers, her adj. njen [B,C,S] njezin [C] 1A2,
happen upon vb. 4A2z, . 2.A2 ., svoj 5A3, 5A3z
naii na (P) 14A2; nailaziti na (I) hey! excl. ej! 2A3
happiness n. srea 8A3 hi excl. see under hello
happy adj. srean [B,S] sretan [B,C] 2A2 hide vb.
hard ( = not soft) adj. tvrd 11A2z sakriti (P); sakrivati (I) 20.VI
harder ( = firmer) adj. tvri skriti (P); skrivati (I) 18A1a
harder ( = more difficult) adj. tei 11A2z high adj. visok
harsh adj. estok high school n. gimnazija B .II
harsher adj. ei high school student n. gimnazijalac (m.,
hat n. eir 11A1 general) gimnazijalka (f.) B.I
hatred n. mrnja higher adj. vii 11A1z
have vb. imati (I) 2A1, 2A1z hill n. brdo, gora
not have vb. nemati (I) 2A1, 2A1z hill (wooded) n. gora
have to vb. morati 2A1, 13A2z hilly adj. brdovit, gorski 18A1a
hawk n. jastreb him pron. 4 2A2 z, 6A3z, 7A1z
he pron. on 4 1A2, 1A2z (clitic) ga 2A1, 9A2z mu
see also him (full) njega 2A2, njemu, njim
head ( = body part) n. glav a 10A4, 10A4z see also he
head (administrator) n. predstojnik 20.VII, hint vb.
ef 11A3 nagovestiti (P) 16A3b; nagovetavati (I) [E]
headache n. glavobolja nagovijestiti (P) 16A3b; nagovetavati (I) [J]
health n. zdravlje 7A2 his adj. njegov 4 1A2, 2A3z, 4A2z,
healthy adj. zdrav 10A4 svoj 5A3,
hear vb. uti (I/P) 5C1, 7A3 z 5A3z
heart n. srce 15A1 history n.
by heart napamet 10A3 historija [B] istorija [S] povijest [C] 13B3,
heartfelt adj. srdaan 16A2b . 17A1b .
heat n. vruina 16A3a hit n. hit song, popular song
heaven n. nebo 17A2a hold vb. drati (I) 6 12A1
heavy adj. teak 2A2 hold (an event) vb.
heavier adj. tei 11A2z odrati (P) B.VI, 11A1z; odrav ati (I)
height n. visina . 10A3 . 16A3b
heir n. naslednik [E] nasljednik [J] 20.IV holy adj. svet 17C1
hello (general greeting) dobar dan [B,C,S] home ( = at home) adv.
1A3, zdravo [B,C,S], bok! [C], ciao [B,C], doma [C] 20.I kod kue [B,C,S] 5C1
ao! [B,S] 1A1 home ( = to home) adv. doma [C] kui [B,C,S]
hello (on telephone) excl. alo A.VII 9A2
help n. pomo 14A3 homeland n. domovina 17A1a
470
homework n. domaa zad aa [B,C] domai ice n. led 4A3
zadatak [S] 1A4 ice cream n. sladoled
honest adj. poten 20.IV idea n. ideja 3A3
honey n. med 7A1 identify vb.
honeymoon n. medeni mesec [E] med eni identificir ati (I/P) [B,C] 19A2b
mjesec [J] B.VIII identifikovati (I/P) [B,S] 19A2b
honor vb. potovati 12A2 if conj. ako 5A2, 12A3z
honorable adj. poten 20 .IV, 7 ignorance n. neznanje 11
hope n. nada 16A3a ijekavian n. ijekavica 15A1
hope vb. nad ati se (I) 14A2 illuminate vb. obasjav ati (I) 20.V
horse n. konj 4 image n. slika 6A3
hospital n. bolnica 14A3 imagine vb. zamisliti (P) 18A1b; zamiljati (I)
hospital adj. bolniki 14A3 imam n. imam
host vb. ugostiti (P) 16A1b imitate vb. oponaati (I) B.VIII
hostel n. hostel 16A2a immeasurable adj.
hot adj. vreo 14A1, vru neizmeran [E] neizmjeran [J] 20.VIII
hot water n. topla voda immediate adj.
hot dog hrenovka [C] virla [B,S] izravan [C] neposredan [B,C,S] 16A2b
hotel n. hotel 14A2 immediately adv. odmah 5A2
hour n. as [S] sat [B,C,S] 5A2, 5A1z, imminent adj. skoranji 20.III
5A2z, 6A2z immodest adj. neskroman 13
for an hour sat vremena 6A3, 6A2z impatience n. nestrpljenje 8A2
for hours satima A .III imperfective (grammar) adj. nesvren
house n. kua 5A1 imperfective aspect (grammar) nesvren vid
little house n. kuica 18A1a impolite adj. nepristojan
housekeeper (female) n. domaica 11A2z importance n. vanost
how adv. kako 1A1 important adj. vaan 11A1, 11A1z
how are you? kako si? kako ste? impression n.
how many koliko 5A1 dojam [B,C] utisak [B,S] 16A3b
how much koliko 5A1 improve vb.
how old are you koliko ima godina or koliko usavriti (P) 16A3a; usavravati (I)
imate godina; koliko ti je / vam je godina in prep. na 5 6A1, 6A1z, u 6A1,
however adv. meutim 12A2 6A1z
hubbub n. galama 20 .VII in so doing pritom 15A1
human adj. ljudski 18A1a in the future ubudue 11A3
humanities n. humanitarne nauke [B,S] in advance unapred [E] unaprijed [J] 12A3
humanitarne znanosti [C] in front of prep. ispred 5 8A4, pred
humble adj. skroman 20.VIII 7A2
humiliate vb. in vain uzalud
poniziti (P) 19A2a; poniavati (I) inasmuch as adv. ukoliko 19A3b
hundred (100) num. sto 6A1, 12A1z include vb.
Hungary n. Maarska see map 1 ukljuiti (P) 10A2z
hungry adj. gladan 4A3 ukljuivati (I) 4, 10A2z
hurry n. urba 16A3b indeed excl. zaista 2A2
hurry vb. uriti (I) 7A2; pouriti se (P) 7A3 independence (of a country) n. nezavisnost
hurt vb. [B,C,S] 12A4 samostalnost [C] . 12A4 .
boleti (I) [E] 10A4, 10A4z independence (of a person) n. samostalnost
boljeti (I) [J] 10A4, 10A4z [B,C,S] . 12A4 .
husband n. mu 4 7A2, . 5A3 . independent adj. nezavisan, samostalan
hypocrisy n. Independent State of Croatia hist.
licemerje [E] licemjerje [J] Nezavisna Drava Hrvatska (NDH) 18A3
individual n. pojedinac 19A2b
I individual adj. pojedinaan 16A3b
I pron. ja 4 1A1 individually adv. ponaosob 15A2
I'm fine dobro sam 3A1z induce vb. navesti (P); navoditi (I) B.III
see also me inedible adj. nejestiv 20.I
471
influence vb. interpreter n. tuma 19A2b
uticati (I) [B,S] 17A3b interrogate vb.
utjecati (I) [B,C] 17A3b ispitati (P); ispitiv ati (I) 20.VII
influenza n. grip [S] gripa [B,C] interrupt vb.
inform vb. prekinuti (P); prekidati (I) 20 .II
obavestiti (P); obavetav ati (I) [E] 14A3 intimate adj. blizak 18A3
obavijestiti (P); obavetavati (I) [J] 14A3 into prep. u 5 5A1, 6A1z
information n. informacija, informacije often invent vb.
used in pl 16A2b izumjeti (P) 15A1, 15A1z
information science n. informatika 13B3 pronai (P) 15A1 ; pronalaziti (I)
ingredient n. sastojak 14A1 invested adj. uloen 16A2a
inhabitant n. stanovnik invite vb. zvati (I) B.I,
initial ( = first in sequence) adj. poetni pozvati (P) 13A1; pozivati (I)
16A3b involve vb.
initial ( = original) adj. prvobitan 19A1b angairati (I/P) [B,C]
inquire vb. angaovati (I/P) [B,S]
raspitati se (P) B.III; to get involved
raspitivati se (I) 20.III angairati se (I/P) [B,C] 16A3a
zapitati (P) 20.VI; zapitivati (I) angaovati se (I/P) [B,S] 16A3a
inscribe vb. upisati (P); upisiv ati (I) 20.VIII ironing board n. daska za glaanje [C] daska
insert vb. umetnuti (P); umetati (I) 20.V za peglanje [B,S] A.VIII
inside of unutar [B,S] unutar [C] irritate vb. nervir ati (I)
inside adv. unutra 19A3b be irritated vb. nervirati se (I) 11
insistence n. insistiranje 13 is vb. je, jest, jeste 1A1z
insolent adj. drzak 20.IV see under be
instance n. put 10A1 island n. ostrvo [B,S] otok [B,C] 15A1,
instant n. 6A1z
trenutak [B,C,S] momenat [B,S] 5A4z isnt it, arent they, etc. zar ne 5A4
instantly adv. trenutano [B,C] issue ( = topic) n. pitanje 1
momentalno [B,C,S] 16A2a issue (of a publication) n. broj
instead of umesto [E] umjesto [J] 10A3 Istria n. Istra see map on page 96
instrumental (case) n. instrumental Istrian adj. istarski 8A3
insult vb. it pron. (subj.) ono, on, ona 4
uvrediti (P) 19A2a; vreati (I) [E] 1A2, 1A2z, 4A4z;
uvrijed iti (P) 19A2a; vre ati (I) [J] (obj. clitic) ga, je 2A1, mu, joj 6A3;
insure vb. osigurati (P) (obj. full) njega, nju 2A2; njemu, njoj
intelligent adj. 6A3; njim, njom 7A1
pametan 11A2, inteligen tan 11A3z its adj. njegov, njen [B,S] njezin [C], svoj
intend vb. Italian adj. italijanski [B,S] talijanski [B,C]
nameravati (I) [E] 11A3 B.II
namjeravati (I) [J] 11A3 Italy n. Italija 1
intensive adj. intenzivan 16A3b
interconnected adj. povezan B.IV J
interest n. zainteresiranost 20.IV , jam n. dem 7A1
interesovanje [B,S] 19A3b, zanimanje January n. januar [B,S] sijeanj [C] 6A2
[B,C,S] 16A3b Japan n. Jap an 6A4
interest vb. zanimati (I) [B,C,S] 16A2a, jazz n. dez
interesirati (I/P) [B,C] 16A1a Jew n. Jevrej or Jevrejin [B,S] idov [C]
interesovati (I/P) [B,S] 16A1a (m., general) Jevrejka [B,S] idovka [C] (f.)
be interested vb. zanimati se (I) 16A2b Jewish adj. jevrejski [B,S] idovski [C]
interested adj. zainteresir an [B,C] zaintere- job n. posao 4 5A3
sovan [B,S] 16A1a jocular adj. er etski B.IV
interesting adj. join (a library, club, etc.) vb.
interesantan 16A3a, ulan iti se (P); ulanjivati se (I) 16A2b
zanimljiv 5A3, 11A1z join in vb.
internet n. in ternet 8A3 prikljuiti se (P); prikljuiv ati se (I) 16A2b
472
joke vb. aliti se (I) B.III Kosovo adj. kosovski 8A3
joking adj. aljiv 15A1
journalist n. L
novinar (m., general) novinarka (f.) 11A3 lack n. nedostatak
journey n. put 4 7A2, putovanje 14A2 lack vb. man jkati (I/P), faliti (I)
joy n. radost 4 3A2 lady n. gospoa 2A2
joyous adj. radostan 15A1 lake n. jezero 16A3b
judge n. sud ac [C] sudija [B,S] 5A3 lamp n. lampa 8A4, svetiljka [E] svjetiljka
judge vb. suditi (I) 20.VI [J] 20.V
juice n. sok 4A3 language n. jezik 9A1 [see also adjective
July n. jul or juli [B,S] srpanj [C] 6A2 forms for names of individual languages]
jump vb. skoiti (P) 16A1b; skakati (I) language adj. jeziki [B,S] jezini [B,C]
June n. jun or juni [B,S] lipanj [C] 6A2 language laboratory jezika laboratorija
junior n. student tree godine [B,S] jezini laboratorij [C] 7A4
junior year (in secondary school or at the large adj. velik 2A2
university) trea godina 16A1a larger adj. vei 11A1, 11A1z
just adj. pravedan last ( = furthest back) adj. zadnji 16A1a
just ( = just now) adv. upravo 6A3 last ( = in a sequence) adj. poslednji [E]
justice ( = rightness, fairness) n. posljednji [J] 14A1
pravda 19A2b last night adv. sino 14A3
justice of the peace matiar B.VIII last vb. trajati (I) 6A2
justify vb. late adj. kasan 6A2, 7A2z, 9A2z
opravdati (P); opravdav ati (I) 20.II late adv. kasno 6A2
juvenile ( = under age) adj. maloletan [E] late, be vb.
maloljetan [J] B .VIII zakasniti (P) 14A4; zakanjavati (I)
later adv. posle [E] poslije [J] A .V,
K kasnije A.V , potom 12A2, zatim
karst n. kr 17A3a 12A2
keep ( = preserve) vb. Latin American adj. latinoameriki B .I
uvati (I); ouvati (P) 10A4 laugh vb.
keep ( = maintain) vb. drati 6 smejati se (I) 20.III; nasmejati se (P) [E]
key n. klju 1A2 20.VI
kidney n. bubreg 3A4 smijati se (I) 20.III; nasmijati se (P) [J]
kill vb. ub iti (P) 19A3a; ubijati (I) 20.VI
kilogram n. kilo [B,C,S] kila [C] 12A2 laughter n. smeh [E] smijeh [J] 19A1a
kilometer n. kilometar 7A2 law ( = regulation) n. zakon 19A2b
kin n. rodbina 17A2a law ( = discipline) n. pravo 13B3
kind adj. ljubazan 13A1 law code n. zakonik 19A2b
king n. kralj 13A3 law school n. pravni fakultet
kiss n. poljubac 20.III lawmaker n. zakonodavac 19A2b
kiss vb. ljubiti (I); poljub iti (P) B.VIII lawyer n.
kitchen n. kuhinja 16A1b advokat [B,S] odvjetnik [B,C] 5A3, 11A2z
knee n. koleno [E] koljeno [J] 10A4 lazy adj. lenj [S] lijen [B,C] 16A1a
kneel vb. kleati (I); kleknuti (P) 17A3a lead (metal) n. olovo . 7A4 .
knife n. no lead (metal) adj. olovni 18A1a
knock vb. kucati (I); kucnuti (P) lead vb. vod iti (I) 5C1
knocking n. kucanje B.VIII lead away vb. odvesti (P); odvoditi (I) 10A4
know ( = have knowledge of) vb. leader n. voa
znati (I) 4A2, . 14B2 . leading adj. vodei 18A3,
know ( = be acquainted with) vb. leaf (of paper) n. list
poznati (P) 10A2; leaf (on a tree) n. list
poznavati (I) 3A1, 3A1z, 10A2z leaves n. coll. lie 12A2z
know how umeti [E] umjeti [J] 6 see also lean vb.
be able nasloniti (P); naslanjati (I) 20.III
knowledge n. znanje 11A4 learn vb. nauiti (P) 10A2, 9A2z, 10A2z
Kosovo n. Kosovo see map 1, . 1 . learning n. uenje 11A4, 10A4z
473
leave ( = depart) vb. otii (P); odlaziti (I) listen vb. sluati (I) 6A2, 6A2z
10A2, 10A2z, 12A4z listless adj. nevoljan 9
leave ( = leave behind) vb. literary adj. knjievni 16A2b
ostaviti (P) 14A1; ostavljati (I) 17A1a literate adj. pismen 6A2
lectern n. katedra 8A4 literature n. knjievnost 13B3
lecture n. predavanje 6A2 little adj. mali 2A2, 2A3z, 8A1z, 11A1z,
lecture vb. predav ati (I) 16A3a 11A2z
left ( = not right) adj. levi [E] lijevi [J] 13A4 little adv. malo 5A1, 5A1z
leg n. noga 10A3, 10A4z little sister n. sestrica 16A1b, sek a
legacy n. batina 16A2b, nasledstvo [E] live vb.
nasljedstvo [J] 20.V iveti (I) [E] 5A3 , 10A2z
legal adj. zakonski 20.IV ivjeti (I) [J] 5A3, 10A2z
legislative adj. zakonodavni living room n. dnevna soba 16A1b
lemon n. limun 7A1 location n. mesto [E] mjesto [J] 10
lemonade n. limunada 4A3 lokacija 6A2
less adv. manje 11A2 be located vb. nai se (P); nalaziti se (I)
lesson n. lek cija 1A1, as [B,S] sat [C] 7A4 6A1, 9A2z, 15A1z
let neka ( + present tense verb) 7A3, 7A3z locative (case) n. lokativ`
let's hajde 7A3 , da ( + present tense verb) lock vb. zakljuati (P); zakljuavati (I) 20.VIII
13A2z loneliness n. samoa 18A2a
lets not nemojmo 7A3 loner n. samac 18A1a
letter n. pismo 4 1A2, 6A3z long (in distance or time) adj. dug 3A3,
lettuce n. salata 11A2 11A1z
level n. nivo [B,S] razina [C] 19A3b long (in distance) adj. dugaak
library n. biblioteka [B,S] knjinica [C] 7A4 long ago adv. odavno 16A1b
lie ( = tell falsehood) vb. longer adv. dui 11A2z, dulje 20.V
lagati (I); slag ati (P) 19A2a longing n. udnja 20.VI
lie ( = be lying down) vb. look vb. gledati 6 2A2 ; pogledati 20.V
leati (I) 11A4, 11A4z look! excl. gle! B .IV, eto! B.VI
lie down vb. lei (P) 11A4z look at oneself (e.g. in the mirror) vb.
life n. ivot 6A2 pogledati se (P); pogled ati se (I) 9A2
lift vb. podii [podignuti] (P) 15A1 ; look for vb. traiti (I) 3A1, iskati 17A3a
podizati (I) A .VI lord n. gospodar A.V
light ( = radiance) n. svetlo [E] svjetlo [J] lose vb. gubiti (I) 9A3; izgubiti (P) 10A2
8A4 svetlost [E] svjetlost [J] 17C1 loss n. gubitak 20.II
light ( = not heavy) adj. lagan 19A3a, lak loud adj. glasan B .IV
[B,C,S] lahak [B] 2A2, . 2A2 . love n. ljubav 4 3A2, 6A4z, 9A2z
like prep. kao 9A2, 4A1z, poput 19A1b love vb.
like this adv. ovako 13A3 voleti (I) [E] 2A3
like ( = appeal to) vb. voljeti (I) [J] 2A3
svideti se (P); sviati se (I) [E] 6A4, 6A4z low adj. nizak 2A2, 11A2z
svidjeti se (P); sviati se (I) [J] lower vb. spustiti (P); sputati (I) A .VII
[B,C,S] 6A4, 6A4z lower adj. nii 11A2z
dopasti se (P) B.IV; dopadati se (I) [B,S] lucky adv. srean [B,S] sretan [B,C] 2A2
16A1a lucky you blago vama
see also appeal to, please, love lunch n. ruak 5A2
lilac n. jorgovan lyrical adj. lirski 19A2b
line ( a drawing) n. crta 10A3
line ( = queue) n. red 11A4 M
line up vb. Macedonia n. Makedonija 1
redati (I); pored ati (P) [B,C] 14A1 Macedonian n. Makedonac (m., general)
reati (I); pore ati (P) [B,S] 14A1 Makedonka (f.)
linguistics n. lingvistika [B,C,S] 13B3, magazine n. asopis 2A4
jezikoslovlje [C] 13B3 magician n. arobnjak 13A3
lion n. lav 8A1 maid of honor n. kuma B.VIII
list n. spisak [B,C,S] popis [C], lista 16A3b main adj. glavni 2
474
mainly adv. uglavnom 16A1b mature adj. zreo 20.II
maintain vb. May n. maj [B,S] svibanj [C] 6A2
odrati (P) B.VI; odravati (I) 16A3b may I help you? izvoli, izvolite 2A1z
majority n. vein a 16A1a may (be allowed) vb.
make vb. smeti (I) [E] 12A3, 12A3z
initi (I); uiniti (P) 19A3a smjeti (I) [J] 12A3, 12A3z
praviti (I); napraviti (P) 20.III may (be able) vb. moi 2A4, 7A2z
proizvesti (P); proizvoditi (I) maybe adv. moda 9A3
make an effort vb. me pron. 4
truditi se (I); potruditi se (P) 16A1a (clitic) me 2A1 , mi 6A3;
make unhappy vb. (full) mene 2A2, meni 6A3, mnom 7A1
unesreiti (P) 19A2a; unesreavati (I) [B,S] see also I
unesreiti (P) 19A2a; unesreivati (I) [B,C] meal (e.g. breakfast, lunch or dinner) n. obrok
male adj. muki 10A3 . 10A1 .
man ( = person) n. ovek [E] ovjek [J] 1A4 mean vb. znaiti (I) 6A2, misliti B.IV
pl ljudi 3A1 meaning n. smisao 16A3a, znaenje
man ( = male person) n. mukar ac 3A1 means n. sredstva
young man n. momak 4A1 measure vb. meriti [E] mjeriti [J]
manager n. upravitelj [C] upravnik [B,C,S] measurement n. mera [E] mjera [J]
(m., general) upraviteljica [C] upravnica meat n. meso 6A4, 2A1z, 9A2z
[B,C,S] (f.) 11A2z mechanic n. mehaniar [B,C,S] strojar [C]
many adj. mnogi 6A4 11A2z
many adv. mnogo 5A1, 5A1z, 10A2z, puno medical school n. medicinski fakultet
5A1 medicine n. medicina 13B3
map n. karta, plan 16A1a medieval adj. srednjevekovni [E] srednj-
map of town plan grada 16A1a vjekovni [J] [B/S] srednjovjekovni [C]
maple n. javor 16A3b
March n. mart [B,S] oujak [C] 6A2, 12A3z meet ( = encounter) vb.
mark n. znak 17A1b sresti (P); sretati (I) B .IV
marker n. oznaiva 20.V susresti (P) 20.IV ; susretati (I) B .V
marketplace n. pijaca [B,S] trnica [B,C] meet (e.g. at the station) vb. doekati (P)
A . I 5A3z
marry vb. eniti (I); oeniti (P) 20.II meeting (for business) n. sastanak 13A3
marry (in ceremony) vb. meeting (political, etc.) n. skup
venati (I/P) [E] vjen ati (I/P) [J] member n. lan
get married vb. membership card n. iskaznica 16A2a
venati se (I/P) [E] B.VII memorize vb.
vjenati se (I/P) [J] B .VII zapamtiti (P) 16A1b,
marshland n. bara 16A3b nauiti napamet (P) 10A3 ; uiti napamet (I)
marvelous adj. divan 3A2, sjajan 16A3a memory n. pamenje
masculine adj. muki 10A3 men ( = male persons) n. mukar ci 3A1
masculine gender n. muki rod men ( = people) n. ljudi 3A1, 3A1z, 3A2z
mashed potatoes pire krompir [B,S] krumpir mention vb.
pire [C] pomenuti (P) 16A1b; pominjati (I) [B,S]
mask n. obrazina 19A2a B.VII
master ( = gain control over) vb. spomenuti (P) 16A1b; spominjati (I) [B,C]
savladati (P) B.VIII; savladavati (I) B.VII
masters thesis adj. magistarski rad 16A2a menu n. jelovnik 6A4
masterpiece n. remek-delo [E] remek-djelo [J] merchandise n. roba
19A2b merciful adj. milosrdan 19A2a
match (in sports) n. me 12A2 mercy n. milosre 19A2a, milost 10A3
material n. materijal 13A3 merriment n. veselje 15A1
material adj. materijalan 20.VI message n. poruka 15A2, 15A2z
mathematician n. matematiar 11A3 meter n. metar B.I
mathematics n. matematika 3A2 metric adj. metriki 19A3b
matron of honor kuma B.VIII Mexican n. Meksikanac (m., general),
475
Meksikanka (f.) Montenegrin adj. crnogorski 2
Mexican adj. meksiki B .II Montenegrin coast n. Crnogorsko primorje
middle n. sredina 7A4 Montenegro n. Crna Gora 1
in the middle of prep. usred 6A1 month n. mesec [E] mjesec [J] 6A2 , 6A2z
midnight n. pono (for) a month mesec dan a [E] mjesec dana
might n. sila, mo, snaga 12A4, 6A4z [J] 9A1, 6A2z
migration n. seob a 17A2a monument n. spomenik 16A3b
mild adj. blag B.IV mood n. raspoloenje
milder adj. blai moon n. mesec [E] mjesec [J] 6A1
military adj. vojni 18A3 more adv. vie 3A3, jo 4A3
milk n. mleko [E] mlijeko [J] 4A3 more and more sve vie 7, 15A1z
million num. milijun [B,C] milion [B,S] morning n. jutro 2A4, pre podne [E] prije
17A2a, 12A1z podne [J] 10A1
mind ( = intellect) n. um this morning jutros 3A1
mine adj. moj 1A2 in the morning
mineral adj. mineralni 4A3 ujutro [B,C] ujutru [B,S] 7A4
mineral water n. mineralna voda 4A3 Moscow n. Moskva 4A1
minute n. minut [B,S] minuta [C] 9A4 mosaic n. mozaik 20 .II
miracle n. udo 16A1a mosque n. damija
mirror n. ogled alo [B,C,S] zrcalo [C] 9A2 most adv. najvie 11A1, 11A2z
miserable adj. oajan 14A2 most of all adv. ponajvie 15A1
miserly adj. krt 20.II mother n. majka 2A3, 5A1z, 9A2z, . 9A4 .
miss vb. nedostajati (I/P) 18A3, . 18A3 . motorcycle n. motocik l 7A2
we miss them oni nam nedostaju mountain n. planina 16A3b
miss (e.g. an opportunity) vb. mouse n. mi 8A1
propustiti (P); proputati (I) 12A3 move ( = get going) vb.
Miss gospoica 16A2b krenuti (P) 6 ; kretati (I) 9A2
mistake n. pogreka, greka B .III move ( = change residence) vb.
mix vb. seliti (se) (I); preseliti se (P) 18A3
meati (I); izmeati (P) [E] 14A1 move ( = bring closer) vb.
mijeati (I); izmijeati (P) [J] 14A1 primai [primaknuti] (P) 14A1; primicati (I)
mock vb. rugati se (I) B.V move ( = move to, resettle) vb.
moderate adj. umeren [E] umjeren [J] 16A3a doseliti se (P) 16A3a; doseljav ati se (I)
modern adj. savremen [B,S] suvremen [C], move ( = shift position) vb.
moderan 18A3 premestiti (P); premetati (I) [E] B .V
Mom n. mama 9A4 premjestiti (P); premjetati (I) [J] B .V
moment n. as [B,C,S] 14A1, tren [B,C,S] move away vb. odseliti se (P) 18A3
14A1, trenutak [B,C,S] 3A2, 5A4z, movie n. film 2A3, . 10A1 .
moment [B,C] momenat [B,S] 3A2 movie theater n. bioskop [S] kino [B,C] 5A2;
at the moment momentalno [B,C,S] kino-dvorana 16A1a
trenutano [C] 16A2a Mr. gospodin 2A2 abbr. g.
at the last moment zadnji as, u zadnji as Mrs. gospoa 2A2 abbr. ga
16A1a Ms. gospoa 2A2 abbr. ga, gospoica
monarchy n. monarhija 18A3 16A2b
monastery n. manastir (Orthodox), samostan much adv. mnogo [B,C,S] puno [B,C,S] 5A1,
(Catholic) 16A3b 5A1z
Monday n. ponedeljak [E] poned jeljak [J] too much previe B.III
2A1 multiply vb. mnoiti (I) 12A1
on Mondays ponedeljkom [E] ponedjeljkom multitude n. mnotvo 20.VII
[J] 7A2z museum n. muzej 5A4
money n. novac 5A2, par e 5A2 music n. muzika [B,C,S] glazba [C] 7A4
monkey n. majmun 2A3 musical adj. muziki [B,C,S] glazbeni [C]
monotonous adj. jednolian 20.II, monoton 16A3b
18A1a musical instrument n. instrument [B,C,S]
Montenegrin n. Crnogorac (m., general) glazbalo [C] 19A3b
Crnogorka (f.) 1A4 musician n. muziar [B,C,S] glazbenik [C]
476
(m., general) muziarka [B,C,S] glazbenica newspaper n. novine 3A3
[C] (f.) 11A2z newspaper adj. novinski 18A3
Muslim n. (ethnic category in former Yugosla- newspaper article novinski lan ak
via) Musliman (m, general) Muslimanka (f.) newsstand n. kiosk 13A4
Muslim n. ( = adherent of Islam) musliman (m, next ( = coming) adj. idui 5A3, 12A1z
general) muslimanka (f.) next ( = subsequent) adj. sledei [E] sljed ei
Muslim adj. muslimanski 19A3b [J] 13A2, 12A1z
must vb. morati (I) 2A1 next day n. sutrad an 14A2
mustn't use negated form of moi 7A2z next to prep. do 5 4A4, 4A4z kraj
mutual adj. meusoban B .IV 13A4, pored 4A4
my adj. moj 4 1A2, 5A3z next year idue godine, dogodine 16A2a
mysterious adj. tajanstven B.V nice adj. fin 2A3, 3A1z, 6A1z, 8A1z, lep
[E] lijep [J] 2A2
N nicer adj. lepi [E] ljepi [J] 11A2z
naked adj. go [B,S] gol [C] 18A1a nickname n. nadimak 18A3
name n. ime 4 1A2, 8A2z nickname ( = to give a nickname) vb.
namely adv. naime 15A1 prozvati (P); prozivati (I)
narrow adj. uzak niece n. neaka [S] neakinja [B,C], sinovica
narrower adj. ui night n. no 4 3A2
national (e.g. national park) adj. nacionalni tonight ( = this evening) adv. veeras 3A1
16A2a tonight ( = this very night) adv. noas 13A3
national ( = of the people, the nation) adj. last night adv. sino 14A3, noas 13A3
narodni 7, B.IV good night excl. laku no 3A2
natural adj. prirodan nightingale n. slavuj 19A1a
natural sciences n. prirodne nauke [B,S] nightstand n. natkasna [B,S] noni ormar i
prirodne znanosti [C] 13B3 [B,C] 12A1
nature n. priroda 18A2b nine (9) num. devet 5A2 12A1z
nausea n. muka nine hundred (900) num. devetsto 12A1z
near adv. blizu 5 4B4 nineteen (19) num. devetnaest 5A1, 12A1z
near prep. blizu 4A4, pri nineteenth (19th) adj. devetnaesti 19A1
nearby ( = adjacent) adj. oblinji 12A2 ninety (19) num. devedeset 5A1
nearly adv. skoro 13A3 ninth (9th) adj. deveti 9A1, 6A2z
nearness n. blizina 20.III no ne 1A2, 1A2z, 9A2z
necessary adj. potreban 11A2, nuan 20.III no man's land niija zemlja 16A1
neck n. vrat 10A4 no one niko [B,S] nitko [C] 9A3 , 9A3z
need n. potreba 19A2b no one's adj. niiji 16A1
need vb. trebati (I) 11A2, 11A2z, 11A4z, nobody n. niko [B,S] nitko [C] 9A3z
12A3z nocturnal adj. noni 12A1
needle n. igla A.VIII nod vb.
negation n. negacija 17C1 kimnuti (P); kimati (I) 20.V
neighbor n. klimnuti (P); klimati (I) B.I
komija [B,S] susjed [B,C] (m. general) noise n. buka 20 .I
kominica [B,S] susjeda [B,C] (f.) 6A4 nominative (case) n. nominativ
neither... nor conj. noon n. podne 10A1
niti ... niti 5C1 , ni ... ni 5A4z nonsense n. svata, kojeta
nephew n. neak 20.II, sinovac north n. sever [E] sjever [J]
nest n. gnezdo [E] gnijezdo [J] 4 5A1 north adj. severni [E] sjeverni [J] 4A1
neuter gender n. srednji rod North America n. Severna Amerika [E]
neutral adj. neutralan Sjeverna Amer ika [J] 4A1
never adv. nikada 7A1, nijednom 14A2 nose n. nos 10A4
nevertheless adv. ipak 13A3 not ne 2A1
new adj. nov 4A1 not anything nita 4A3
New York n. New York [B,C] Njujork [S] not either ni 7A1
4A1 not have vb. nemati (I) 2A1
news n. vesti [E] vijesti [J] 14A2, glas notebook n. sveska [B,S] teka [B,C] 1A2,
19A3a belenica [S] biljenica [B,C] 1A2
477
nothing pron. nita 4 4A3, 5A4z, often adv. esto 7A1, 11A1z
7A1z, 9A3z more often ee 11A2z
notice vb. oh, no! excl. jao 9A2
primetiti (P) 14A4; primeiv ati (I) [E] old adj. star 6A3, 11A1z
primijetiti (P) 14A4; primjeivati (I) [J] Old Testament n. Stari zavet [E] Stari
noun n. imenica 17A1b zavjet [J] 17C1
novel n. roman 2A1 oldsters starci . 9A4 .
November n. Olympic Games n. Olimpijada 16A1b
novembar [B,S] studeni [C] 6A2 omelet n. omlet 7A1
now adv. sad, sada 6A3, 9A2z on prep. na 5 6A1, u 5 2A1,
nowhere adv. nigde [E] nigdje [J] po 5 A.V .
number ( = integer) n. broj 3A1, abbr. on duty adj. deuran 20.VII
br. 12A2 on foot adv. pjeice [C] 5A2, peke [E]
number ( = performance) n. toka [C] taka pjeke [J] [B/S] 5A2
[B,S] 15A1 on the contrary naprotiv 20.III
numerous adj. brojan 2A2 on the one hand s jedne stran e 8A4z
nurse n. bolniar (m., general) bolniarka, on the other hand s druge stran e
medicinska sestra (f.) 11A2z once ( = one time) adv. jedanput 10A1
not once nijednom 14A2
O more than once ne jednom
oclock sat [B,C,S] 5A2 as [S] 14A3 once ( = in the past) nekada 16A1b, jednom
two o'clock dva sata [B,C,S] 10A3
14.00 hours etrnaest sati [B,C,S] etrnaest once upon a time there was bio / bilo / bila
asova [S] jednom 10A3, . 10A3 .
O.K. u redu 13A2, dobro 2A3 ....there were bili jednom (m pl) 10A3,
oak n. hrast . 10A3 .
oath n. zavet [E] zavjet [J] one (1) jedan 3A1, 3A1z, 4A3z, 5A1z,
obey vb. sluati (I) 6A2 12A1z
objective adj. objektivan 13 one (impersonal subject of sentence) see
obligation n. obaveza [B,C,S] obveza [C] 14A1z
12A3 one another n. jedan drugi 11A2z, 15A2z,
observe ( = watch) vb. . 16B1 .
posmatrati [B,S] promatrati [B,C] (I) 14 one by one n. jedan po jedan 15A2
obtain vb. one day jednog dana, jednoga dana 15A1z
nabaviti (P) 16A1a; nabavljati (I) one-month adj. jednomeseni [E]
pribaviti (P); pribavljati (I) 16A2a jednomjeseni [J] 16A2b
obviously adv. oito B .V ones own adj. svoj 5A3, 5A3z
occasion n. povod B .I see also her/hers, his, their/theirs
occasionally adv. povremeno 8A3 oneself pron. sebe, sebi, sobom 4
occupation n. zanimanje 16A3b 6A2z
occupy vb. zauzeti (P); zauzimati (I) onion n. luk
occupying forces n. okupator 18A3 spring onion mladi luk
October n. only adj. jedini 16A2a, jedinstven 19A3b
listopad [C] oktobar [B,S] 6A2 only ( = nothing else) adv. samo 3A3, 6A2z
of prep. od 5 4A3, po 20.III only ( = just now) adj. tek 6A2
of course adv. naravno 7A1, svakako 2A4, onto prep. na 5 6A1z
kako da ne 5A4, nego ta [B,S] nego to oops! excl. joj! 5 . 9A4 .
[B,C] 11A4 open vb. otvor iti (P); otvar ati (I) 12A2
off of prep. s, sa 5 4A4 open adj. otvoren 16A3a
offend vb. open sea puina 17A3a
zameriti se (P) [E] 18A3 operate vb.
zamjeriti se (P) [J] 18A3 operirati (I/P) [B,C] 20.V
offer vb. operisati (I/P) [B,S] 20.V
nuditi (I) 16A1b; ponuditi (P) 13A1 operation n. operacija 20.IV
office n. kancelar ija [B,C,S] ur ed [B,C] 6A1 opinion n. miljenje 10A4, 10A4z
official adj. slubeni 14A2 opportunity n. prilika 16A1a
478
opposite ( = across from) prep. nasuprot 5 painter (artist) n. slikar (m., general) slikarica
8A4 [C] slikarka [B,S] (f.) 11A2z
optimism n. optimizam 20.VI pair n. par 14A3
or conj. ili 1A3 pal n. drug [B,S] prijatelj [B,C] 1A4
either ... or conj. ili ... ili 1A3 pale adj. bled [E] blijed [J]
oral adj. usmen 6A2 paler adj. blei [E] bljei [J]
orange ( = fruit) n. nar ana [C] naranda [B,S] palm (of hand) n. dlan 19A1b
pomoranda [S] 4A3 panic vb. uspaniiti se (P) 20.VII
orange ( = color) adj. pants ( = trousers) n. hlae [B,C] pantalone [S]
naranast [C] nar andast [B,S] 11A1
order ( = arrangement) n. red paper clip n. spajalica
order ( = request for delivery) n. narudba paper n. pap ir 1A2
order ( = arrange, put in order) vb. urediti (P); parakeet n. papagaj [B,S] pap iga [B,C] 6A2
ureivati (I) 12A1 parent n. roditelj 4A1, . 9A4 .
order ( = send for something) vb. Paris n. Par iz 4A1
naruiti (P); naruivati (I) 10A1 park n. park A .III
ordinary adj. obian 2A4 park vb. parkir ati (I); uparkirati (P) 12A2
organize vb. ured iti 12A1, 11A1z parking n. parkiranje 10
organizir ati (I/P) [B,C] 16A3b parrot n. papag aj [B,S] papiga [B,C] 6A2
organizovati (I/P) [B,S] 16A3b part ( = portion) n. deo [E] dio [J] 4
origin ( = emergence, genesis) n. nastanak part ( = role) n. uloga
17A4, postanak part ways vb.
origin ( = roots) n. rastati se (P); rastajati se (I) 14A2
poreklo [E] porijek lo [J] 16A3a participate vb.
original adj. izvorni 16A2a sudjelovati [B,C] uestvovati [B,S] 16A1a
Orthodox church n. pravoslavna crkva parting ( = separation) n. rastanak B .IV
other adj. drugi 2A1, 16A1b partner n. partner 13A3
otherwise adv. inae 19A2b pass ( = pass by) vb.
Ottoman adj. osmanski 19A3b proi (P) 13A4; prolaziti (I) B.VII
ouch! excl. jao! 9A2, . 9A4 . pass (of time) vb. protei (P); proticati (I) 7
ought vb. trebalo bi 13A4, valja (I) 12A3 pass (e.g. exam) vb. poloiti (P) 6A2, 10A2z
our, ours adj. na 5 1A2 passerby n. prolaznik 14A3
out, outside adv. napolje [B,S] van [B,C] pa ssionate adj. strastan 18A2a
out of prep. iz 5 4A1, 4A2z passport n. paso [B,S] putovnica [C] 4
outgrow vb. prerasti (P) 18A3 past n. prolost 17A2b
outlive vb. past ( = in the past) adj. proli 10A2
nadiv eti (P) [E] 18A3 past tense n.
nadiv jeti (P) [J] 18A3 prolo vreme [E] prolo vrijeme [J] 17C1
outside adv. napolju [B,S] van i [B,C] 5A4 past (referring to recently concluded period) adj.
over (= above) prep. 5 nad 8A1, 7A2z, protekli 20.II
8A4z, iznad 8A4, 8A4 z pasta n. testenina [E] tjestenina [J]
over (crossing a boundary) prep. preko 5 patience n. strpljen je 8A1
8A3 patient n. pacijent 20.I
overcome vb. patient adj. strpljiv 8A1
nadvladati (P); nadvlaivati (I) 20 .III pay (money) vb. platiti (P); plaati (I) 2A4
overjoyed adj. it pays to... isplati se (I) 14A2
presrean [B,S] presretan [B,C] 10 peace n. mir 7A3
own adj. sopstven [B,S] vlastit [B,C] 15A2 pear n. kruka 4A3
ones own adj. svoj 5A3 peanut n. kikiriki
peanut butter maslac od kikirikija [C] puter
P od kikirik ija [B,S]
page n. stranica 13A3 pedestrian n. peak [E] pjeak [J] [B/S] 5A2
pain n. bol 20.IV, muka pen n. pero 2A1
painful adj. bolan . 9A3 . ballpoint pen
paint n. boja hemijska olovka [B,S]
paint (as artist) vb. slikati (I) A .VI kemijska olovka [C] 2A4 , . 7A4 .
479
fountain pen pero 2A1 phone vb. telefonir ati (I/P) A.VII
pencil n. (obina) olovka 1A2, . 7A4 . photo n. fotograf ija 20.V
penetrate vb. phrase n. fraza 17A1b
prodreti (P); prodirati (I) [E] 20.I physical adj. fiziki 13B3
prodrijeti (P); prodirati (I) [J] 20.I physical education n. fizika kultur a [B,C,S]
penguin n. pingvin 15A1 kineziologija [C] 13B3, fiskultur a
penguin adj. pingvinski 15A1 physics n. fizika 13B3
peninsula n. piano n. glasovir [C] klavir [B,C,S]
poluostrvo [B,S] poluotok [B,C] 6 pick vb. brati 6 A .I
people ( = persons) n. ljudi 3A1, 3A1z picture n. slika 6A3
people ( = national group) n. sg narod [B,C,S] pie n. pita
17A2a puk [C] 17A2a piece n. komad [B,C,S] 4A3 par e [B,S] 4A3
pepper ( = vegetable) n. paprika 7A1 pigeon n. golub
pepper ( = spice) n. bib er [B,S] pap ar [B,C] pillow n. jastuk 12A1
per prep po pine n. bor
three apples per person tri jabuke po osobi place n. mesto [E] mjesto [J] 10, 11A2z
perfect adj. savren 9A3 place vb. postaviti (P) 15A2, 11A1z;
perfective (grammar) adj. svren postavljati (I)
perfective aspect (grammar) n. svren vid place of interest n. znamenitost 16A3b
perfect vb. plan vb. planir ati (I) 16A1b
usavriti (P); usavravati (I) 16A3a planet n. planet [C] planeta [B,S] 6A1
perform ( = carry out) vb. plant n. biljka 17A2a
izvriti (P) 12A4; izvravati (I) plate n. tanjir [B,S] tan jur [C] A .VI
perform (e.g. a number) vb. play ( = have fun) vb. igrati se (I) 16A1b,
izvesti (P); izvoditi (I) 15A1 8A2z, 9A2z
performance n. play (a game) vb. igrati (I) 5C1
predstava 5A4, priredba 16A3b play (an instrument) vb. svirati (I) 18A3
period (of time) n. player (of a game) n.
razdoblje 16A2b, period 17A4 igra (m., general) igraica (f.)
period (in punctuation) n. playground n. igralite B .IV
taka [B,S] toka [C] pleasant adj. prijatan 11A2, ugodan 7A2
perish ( = get killed) vb. poginuti (P) 14A3 please vb. prijati (I) 13A1,
permanent adj. trajan svideti se (P) 10A2, 10A2z; sviati se (I)
permit vb. [E] 6A4 , 10A2z
dopustiti (P) 16A2a; doputati (I) B.III svidjeti se (P) 10A2, 10A2z; sviati se (I)
dozvoliti (P) 16A3b; dozvoljavati (I) [J] [B,C,S] 6A4, 10A2z
persecute vb. dopasti se (P) B.IV; dopadati se (I) [B,S]
progoniti (P) 18A3; progan jati (I) 16A1a
person ( = man [generic]) n. ov ek [E] ov jek please molim te, molim vas 2A4
[J] 1A4, 3A1z, pl ljudi 3A1, 3A1z plot (of a narrative) n. radnja 17A3b
person ( = individual) n. osoba [B,C,S] 3A1, pluck vb. brati (I) 6 A .I
3A1z lice [B,S] plum n. ljiva 4A3
personal adj. lian [B,S] osoban [B,C] poem n. pesma [E] pjesma [J] 10A3
personality n. linost 18A3 poet n. pesnik [E] pjesnik [J] (m., general)
personnel n. osoblje 11A4 pesnikinja [E] pjesnikinja [J] (f.) 11A2z
persuade vb. poetic adj. poetski 19A1b, pesniki [E]
uveriti (P); uveravati (I) [E] 16A3b pjesniki [J] 19A1b
uvjeriti (P); uvjeravati (I) [J] 16A3b poetry n. poezija 3A2
pharmacist n. apotek ar, farmaceut (m., point ( = dot) n. taka [B,S] toka [C]
general) apotekarica [BC] apotekarka [B,S] point out vb.
(f.) 11A2z ukazati (P); ukaziv ati (I) 20.VIII
phenomenon n. pojava 18A1b police n. policija 14A3
philology n. filologija 13B3 police adj. policijski 14A3, . 9A3 .
philosophy n. filozofija 13B3 policy n. politika B.V
phone n. telefon 8A3z political adj. politiki 13B3
cellular phone mobitel political science politike nauke [B,S]
480
politike znanosti [C] 13B3, . 5A2 . prefer vb.
politics n. politika B .V vie voleti [E] vie voljeti (I) [J] 3A3
poor adj. siromaan, bedan [E] bijedan [J], pregnant adj. trudna B.II
ubog (archaic) 17A3a prejudice n. predrasuda B.IV
poorly (said of health) adv. slabo 6A3 premises n. prostorija 6A1
poplar n. jablan 18A1a preparation n.
porcelain adj. priprema 14A1, spremanje 15A1
porcelanski [S] porculanski [B,C] 12A2 prepare (something) vb.
pork n. svin jetina pripremiti (P) 13A3; pripremati (I)
port ( = harbor) n. luka spremiti (P); spremati (I) 7A1
pose (e.g. a question) vb. prepare ( = get ready) vb.
postaviti (P) 15A2; postavljati (I) 16A1b pripremiti se (P) 13A3; pripremati se (I)
possess vb. imati 2A1 spremiti se (P); spremati se (I) 7A1
posedovati (I) [E] 19A2b preposition n.
posjedovati (I) [J] 19A2b pred log [E] prijed log [J] 17A1b
possessive adj. (grammar) posvojan [C] present adj. sadanji 17C1
prisvojan [B,S] present vb. pred staviti (P) 19A3b; pred-
possibility n. mogunost 16A1a stavljati (I) 19A2b
possible adj. eventualan 16A3a, mogu present tense sad anje vreme [E] sadanje
12A1z vrijeme [J] 17C1
possible adv. mogue 11A3 preserve vb. uvati (I); ouvati (P) 10A4
postcard n. kartica president n.
picture postcard n. razglednica 2A4 predsednik (m., general) predsednica (f.) [E]
posthumous adj. posmrtan 17A4 predsjednik [J] (m., general) predsjednica (f.)
potato n. krompir [B,S] krumpir [C] [J] 11A2z
mashed potatoes n. pire krompir [B,S] press ( = printing activity) n. tampa [B,S]
krumpir pire [C] tisak [B,C] 14C4
French fries n. pomfrit presume vb. pretpostaviti (P); pretpostavljati
pour vb. liti (I); naliti (P) 14, 11A1z (I)
pour ( = serve a beverage) vb. pretend vb.
sipati (I/P) [B,S] toiti (I) [B,C,S] 13A1 pretvoriti se (P); pretvarati se (I) 15A1
pour off vb. pretend to be vb. praviti se [B,C,S] B.IV
odliti (P) 14A1; odliv ati (I) [E] previous adj. dosadanji 16A2b
odliti (P) 14A1; odlijev ati (I) [J] price n. cena [E] cijena [J] 16A2b
pour over vb. priest (Catholic) n.
preliti (P) 14A1; prelivati (I) [E] sveenik [B,C] svetenik [B,S] 11A2z
preliti (P) 14A1; prelijevati (I) [J] priest (Orthodox) n. pop 11A2z
pour out ones troubles vb. prince n. knez
izjadati se (P) 15A1 fairytale prince n. kraljevi B.VIII
power n. snaga 12A4, sila princess n. kneginja
powerful adj. moan 19A2b, silan B .V, fairytale princess princeza B.VIII
snaan 15A1 print vb.
practice vb. tampati (I) [B,S] 20.V
vebati (I) [E] 2A1 tiskati (I) [C] 20.V
vjebati (I) [J] 2A1 prison n. zatvor 20.VII
praise n. hvaliti (I) private adj. privatan 16A2a
pray vb. moliti (I) 17A3a prize n. nagrada B.II
precious stones n. drago kamenje 12A2 probable adj. verovatan [E] vjerojatan [J] [C]
precipitation n. vjerovatan [J] [B/S] 10A2
padaline [C] padavine [B,S] 14A2 probably adv. valjda 20.VI, verovatno [E]
precise adj. taan [B,S] toan [C] 6A1 vjerojatno [J] [C] vjerovatno [J] [B/S] 10A2
precisely adv. ba 9A3, tano [B,S] tono problem n. problem 5A2
[C] 6A1 proclaim vb.
predict vb. proglasiti (P); proglaav ati (I) 12A4
predvideti (P); predviati (I) [E] B .III produce vb. proizvesti (P); proizvoditi (I)
predvidjeti (P); predviati (I) [J] B .III product n. proizvod
481
production n. proizvodnja quadrangle n.
profession n. struka 11A3, profesija etverokut [B,C] etvorougao [B,S]
professor n. profesor (m., general) 1A4 quarrel vb. svaditi se (P); svaati se (I)
profesorica [B,C] profesorka [S] (f.) 1A4 15A2z
professorial adj. profesorski 8A4 quarter (in mathematics) n.
progress n. napredak B .III etvrt, etvrtina 12A1, 12A1z
project n. projekat [B,S] projekt [B,C] 16A1a quarter ( = of an city) n. etvrt
promise vb. obeati (P); obeavati (I) 11 queen n. kraljica
promise n. obeanje question n. pitanje 1A2, 3A1z, 3A2z
pronoun n. zamenica [E] zamjenica [J] question vb. ispitati (P); ispitiv ati (I) 20.VII
17A1b question mark n. upitnik
pronounce (e.g. sounds) vb. queue n. red 11A4
izgovoriti (P) 19A2a; izgovar ati (I) quick adj. brz 2A2, 3A2z
pronounce (e.g. judgement) vb. quicker adj. bri 11A2z
izrei (P); izricati (I) 19A2b quickly adv. brzo 2A2 ubrzo 18A3
pronunciation n. izgovor B .III quiet adj. tih 20.VI, 11A2z
propeller n. propeler 15A1 quieter adj. tii 11A2z
proposal n. pred log [E] prijedlog [J] 20.IV quiet down vb. utihnuti (P) B .VIII,
propose vb. predloiti (P); predlagati (I) 20.IV stiati [se] (P) 14A4; stiavati [se] (I)
protagonist n. protagonist [B,C] protagonista quizzical adj. upitan 9
[B,S] 18A2b quote vb. nav esti (P); navoditi (I) 20.VIII
proud adj. ponosan 16A1b, gord 18A1a
provide vb. R
obezbediti (P) 16A1b; obezbeiv ati (I) [E] rabbit n. zec
obezbijed iti (P) 16A1b; obezbjeivati (I) [J] radio n. radio . 9A3 .
[B/S] radio station radio stanica [B,C,S] radio
osigurati (P); osiguravati (I) [C] 16A1b postaja [C] . 9A3 .
psychology n. psihologija 13B3 rag n. krpa A.VI
public ( = audience) n. publika rage n. bes [E] bijes [J]
the general public javnost 14A3 railway adj. elezniki [E] eljezniki [J]
publication ( = activity) n. objavljivanje 18A3 railway station n. kolodvor [C] eleznika
publish vb. stan ica [E] eljeznika stanica [J] [B/S] 5A3 ,
izdati (P); izdavati (I) 16A2a . 9A3 .
objaviti (P); objavljiv ati (I) 17A4 rain n. kia 14A2
pull vb. vui (I) rainbow n. duga A.VIII
pull in vb. raise ( = rear) vb.
uvui (P); uvlaiti (I) 20.VIII odgojiti (P); odgajati (I) 20.VI
pull out vb. hraniti (I); othraniti (P) 20.IV
izvui (P); izvlaiti (I) 20.V raise ( = lift) vb.
punish vb. dii [dignuti] (P); dizati (I) 14A1
kazniti (P) 18A3; kanjavati (I) random adj. sluajan 14A3
pupil n. ak 5A1, uenik (m., general) 14A4 rare adj. redak [E] rijedak [J]
uenica (f.) rarer adj. rei [E] rjei [J]
purely adv. isto rather ( = that is) conj. nego 2A1, odnosno
purple adj. ljubiast 12A1, pak 5A3, ve 3A2
purpose n. svrha 6A2 rather ( = quite) conj. dosta 10A4
put vb. rather ( = preferably) conj. radije 19A2a
staviti (P) 6A3 ; stavljati (I) 6A4 raven n. gavran
postaviti (P) 15A2; postavljati (I) 16A1a ray (of light) n. zrak [B,S] zraka [C] 17A3a
poloiti (P); polagati (I) 6A2 reach ( = get through to) vb. dopirati (I) 20.I
put away vb. dopreti (P)
skloniti (P); sklanjati (I) 13A2 reach ( = achieve) vb.
put down vb. dosei [dosegnuti] (P); dosezati (I) 20.III
spustiti (P); sputati (I) 13A2 reach (an age) vb. napuniti (P)
read vb. itati (I) 2A1; proitati (P) 10A2
Q reader n. itatelj (m., general) itateljica (f.)
482
[C], italac [B,C,S] obnoviti (P) 15A1 ; obnav ljati (I) 16A3a
reading n. itanje B .III, 10A4z rent (something) vb. iznajmiti (P) 9A3,
reading room n. itaonica 16A2a . 9A3 .; iznajmljivati (I) 16A2b
ready adj. spreman 15A1 rent (from someone) vb.
real adj. pravi 3A2, stvarni unajmiti (P) . 9A3 .; unajmljivati (I) [C]
reality (in the material world) n. stvarnost 16A2b
reality (as an abstraction) n. zbilja rent n. kir ija [B,S] stanarina [B,C,S] 9A3
realize vb. rented room n. privatna soba
shvatiti (P) 14A4; shvaati (I) 20.V repair vb.
15A1z popraviti (P) 13A2; popravljati (I)
saznati (P) . 17A2a . reply n. odgovor 2A1 replika B .I
spoznati (P); spoznav ati (I) 20.III report n. izvjee [C], izvetaj [E] izvjetaj
really adv. doista 16A2a, stvarno 2A2, zaista [J] [B/S] 14A2
2A2, zbilja 10A3 report vb.
rear adj. zadnji 16A1a prijav iti (P); prijavljivati (I) 14A3
reason ( = motivation) n. razlog 8 Republic of Srpska n. Repub lika Srpska see
for that reason zato B .IV map 4
reason ( = intellect) n. razum reputation n. reputacija 13A3, ugled
receive vb. request n. molba 16A2a
primiti (P); primati (I) 18A3 request vb. moliti (I) 2A4; zamoliti (P) 13A1
dobiti (P) 11A2; dobijati (I) [B,S] rescue vb.
dobiti (P) 11A2; dobivati (I) [B,C] spasti (P) 13
recipe n. recept 14A1 spasav ati (I) [B,S] spaav ati (I) [C]
recognize vb. research n. istraiv anje 16A2a
prepoznati (P); prepoznav ati (I) 20.III research vb.
recommend vb. istraiti (P) 16A2b; istraivati (I) 15A2
preporuiti (P) 13A1; preporuivati (I) research adj. istraivaki 16A2a
record ( = make a recording) vb. resemble vb.
snimiti (P) 19A3b; snimati (I) liiti (na) (I) [B,S] A .III
recover ( = get better) vb. sliiti (na) (I) [B,C] A .III
oporaviti se (P); oporavljati se 20.VI reserve vb.
red adj. crven 2A3, 2A3z, 4A4z rezervirati (I/P) [B,C] 16A1a
reflexive adj. povratan rezervisati (I/P) [B,S] 16A1a
refresh vb. reside vb. stanovati (I) 9A1
osveiti (P); osveavati (I) [E] B.IV resident n. stanovnik
osvjeiti (P); osvjeavati (I) [J] B .IV respect n. potovanje 16A2a
refrigerator n. friider [B,C,S] hladnjak [C] respect vb. potovati (I) 12A3
regardless of bez obzira na 9A4 respected adj. potovan 16A2a
region n. kraj 14A2, podruje 6 respectively adv. odnosno 12A1
registrar (university) n. referada 16A2b respond vb.
regular adj. redovan [B,C,S] redovit [B,C] odgovoriti (P) 10A2; odgovarati (I) 5A1
16A3b resurrection n. uskrsnue 17A2a
relationship n. odnos 11A4 rest n. odmor 5C1
relative ( = kin) n. roak 8A3 (m., general) restaurant n. restor an 10A1
roaka 15A1, roakinja (f.) restless adj. nemiran 8A2
relax vb. restlessness n. nemir 18A1a
opustiti se (P); oputati se (I) retell vb. prepriati (P) 15A2; prepriavati (I)
release vb. return n. povratak 14A4
pustiti (P) 7A3; putati (I) return vb. vratiti se (P) 9A2 ; vraati se (I)
remain vb. 14A2, 9A2z
ostati (P) 9A2; ostajati (I) 14A1, . 17A2b . rework vb. preraditi (P) 15A2; preraivati (I)
remaining adj. ostali 13A3 rhythm n. ritam 20.II
remember vb. rich adj. bogat 16A2b
setiti se (P) 12A3; seati se (I) [E] 11A3 ride (in a vehicle) n. vonja 7A2
sjetiti se (P) 12A3; sjeati se (I) [J] 11A3 ride (as a passenger or on a bicycle) vb. voziti
renew vb. se (I) 7A2, 7A2z
483
right ( = not left) adj. desni 13A4 salary n. plaa [B,C] plata [B,S] 18A3
right ( = correct) adj. salesperson n. prodava (m., general)
taan [B,S] toan [B,C] 6A1 prodavaica (f.) A .IV
be right vb. imati pravo 7A2, biti u pravu salon n. salon B .V
B .V salt n. so [B,S] sol [C]
right ( = just or legal claim) n. pravo 7A2 salty adj. slan 6A4
human rights ljudska prava same adj. isti 9A2
right! excl. tako je! 4A2 Sarajevan adj. sarajevski 6A2
ring (on finger) n. prsten A .V Sarajevo n. Sarajevo 12A4z
ring vb. zvoniti (I) A .V Sarajevo resident Sarajlija (m., general)
rise ( = to get up) vb. Sarajka (f.)
ustati (P) B.VIII; ustajati (I) A.V satisfied adj. zadovoljan 11A3
rise early vb. uraniti (P) 19A3a Saturday n. subota 2A1, 2A1z
risky adj. riskantan 20.IV on Saturdays subotom 7A2z
rival n. sup arnik 18A3 sausage n. kobasica 7A1
rivalry n. suparnitvo 18A3 save ( = rescue) vb.
river n. reka [E] rijek a [J] 3 spasti (P) 13
river adj. reni [E] rijeni [J] 20.V spasav ati (I) [B,S] spaav ati (I) [C]
rice n. ria [B,C] pirina [S] say vb. kazati (I/P) 5A1 rei (P) 7A3,
road n. put [B,C,S] 4 cesta [B,C] 14A3 7A3z,12A2z, 13A2z
robber n. lopov it's said kae se 1A3, 9A2z
robin n. crvenda scene n. prizor 18A1b
Romance languages, study of schedule n. raspored, red
romanistika 13B3 train or bus schedule red vonje B.III
Romania n. Rumunija [B,S] schedule (e.g. an appointment) vb.
Rumunjska [C] 1 zakazati (P); zakazivati (I) B.VI
Rome n. Rim 12A3 scholar n. nau nik [B,S] znanstvenik [C]
roof n. krov uenjak [B,C] 11A2z
room n. soba 6A1 scholarship ( = scholarly work) n. nauka [B,S]
room adj. sobni 8A4 znanost [C] 11A3
roommate n. cimer (m., general) cimerica [C] scholarship ( = financial aid) n.
cimerka [B,S] (f.) 12A1 stipendija 16A1a
root n. koren [E] korijen [J] 19A1b school ( = educational institution) n.
root for vb. navijati (I) B.II kola 5C1
roots n. coll. korenje [E] korijenje [J] school ( = university subdivision) n. fakultet
rose n. rua A.IV . 5A2 .
rough adj. grub school adj. kolski 6A2
rougher adj. grublji science n. nauka [B,S] znanost [C] 11A3
ruddy adj. rumen 17A3a information science informatika 13B3
rug n. sag [C] tepih [B,S] 8A4 political science
ruin vb. kvariti (I); pokvariti (P) B.VII politike nauke [B,S]
rule ( = regulation) n. pravilo 20.II politike znanosti [C] 13B3
rule ( = reign) n. vladavina 19A3b social sciences
run vb. trati (I) A.V drutvene nauke [B,S]
run-down adj. troan 20.VIII drutvene znanosti [C] 13B3
Russian adj. ruski 4A4 natural sciences n.
Russian n. Rus (m., general) Ruskinja (f.) prirodne nauke [B,S]
rusty adj. rav prirodne znanosti [C] 13B3
scientist n.
S naunik [B,S] znanstvenik [C] uenjak
sacred adj. svet 17C1 [B,C] 11A2z
sad adj. tuan 2A2 scold vb. koriti (I) B.III
sadden vb. scoop up vb. zagrabiti (P) 14A1
rastuiti se (P) 15A1; rastuivati se (I) sculptor n. kipar [B,C] vajar [B,S] (m.,
safe adj. siguran 14A1z general) kipar ica [B,C] vajarka [B,S] (f.)
salad n. salata 11A2 11A2z
484
sea n. more 1 set (of sun or moon) vb.
open sea puina 17A3a zai (P); zalaziti (I) 16A3b
sea gull n. galeb set in motion vb.
sea adj. morski pokrenuti (P); pokretati (I) 16A2a
search n. potraga 19A2b set out vb. krenuti (P) 6 ; kretati (I) 9A2
search vb. traiti (I) 3A1, iskati (I) 17A3a poi (P) 9A4 ; polaziti (I) 9A2
season n. settle (of sediment) vb.
godinje doba 17A3b, sezona 16A3b slei se [slegnuti se] (P) 14A1
second ( = unit of time) n. sekunda 14A1 seven (7) num. sedam 12A1z
second (2nd) adj. drugi 2A1, 6A2z seven (group of men) num. sedmorica 12A2z
secondly adv. drugo 4A4 seven (group of mixed company) num. sedmero
secret n. tajna [C] sedmoro [B,S] 12A2z
secretive adj. skrovit 20.VIII seven hundred (700) num. sedamsto 12A1z
secure vb. seventeen (17) num. sedamnaest 5A1, 12A1z
obezbediti (P) 16A1b; obezbeiv ati (I) [E] seventeenth (17th) adj. sedamnaesti 17A1
obezbijed iti (P) 16A1b; obezbjeivati (I) [J] seventh (7th) adj. sedmi 7A1, 6A2z
[B/S] seventy (70) num. sedamdeset 5A1
osigurati (P); osiguravati (I) [C] 16A1b several adj. nekoliko 6
secure adj. siguran 14A1z sew vb. iti (P); ivati (I)
sediment n. talog 14A1 sew on vb. priiti (P); priivati (I) A.VIII
see vb. videti (I/P) [E] vidjeti (I/P) [J] 6 shadow n. sena [E] sjena [J] 18A1a
2A2, 7A3z, 11A1z shake vb. tresti (I) 6 10A1
see frequently vb. viati (I) B.VII shallow adj. plitak
see you! vidimo se! 2A1 shallower adj. plii
seek vb. traiti (I) 3A1, iskati (I) 17A3a Shanghai n. angaj 9A1
seem vb. izgled ati 9A2 shape n. oblik 15A2, forma 19A3b
initi se (I) 6A4; uiniti se (P) 16A2a share vb.
it seems to me deliti (I); podeliti (P) [E] 9A3
ini mi se 6A4, izgleda mi 9A2 dijeliti (I); podijeliti (P) [J] 9A3
select vb. birati (I) A .VIII shared adj. zajedniki 12A1
selfish adj. seb ian 13A2 sharp adj. otar 10A3
sell vb. prodati (P) 20.II; prodavati (I) 9 she pron. ona 4 1A2, 1A2 z
semester n. semestar 6A2 see also her
send vb. slati (I) 6A3; poslati (P) B.II, sheet ( = bedding) n.
11A1z, 15A2z araf [B] arav [S] plahta [C] 12A1
senior n. stud ent etvrte godine shelf n. polica A .VI
sense ( = meaning) n. smisao 16A3a shirt n. koulja 11A1
sense ( = suspect) vb. slutiti (I) 18A1a shit n. (vulg.) govno
sensitive adj. osetljiv [E] osjetljiv [J] shoe n. cipela 1A2
sentence (grammar) n. reenica 15A2 shoot ( = hit target) vb.
separate vb. pogaati (I); pogoditi (P) B.VII
deliti (I); podeliti (P) [E] shop n. . 12A2 . duan [B,C,S] 12A2, proda-
dijeliti (I); podijeliti (P) [J] vaonica [C], prodavnica [B,S], radnja
September n. rujan [C] septembar [B,S] 6A2 [B,C,S] 12A2, samoposluga [B,C] A .II,
Serb n. Srbin (m., general) Srpkinja (f.) 4 samousluga [S] A .II, trgovina [B,C,S]
1A4 12A2
Serbia n. Srbija 1 shopping n. kupovina 12A2
Serbian adj. srpski 2 short (in length) adj. kratak 3A3, 11A2z
series (TV) n. serija B .II short (in stature) adj. nizak 2A2
serious adj. ozbiljan 3A3 shorter (in length) adj. krai 11A2z
servant n. sluga 7A3 shorter (in stature) adj. nii 11A2z
serve vb. sluiti (I) should treba 12A3z
posluiti (P) 13A1; posluiv ati (I) shoulder n. rame 10A4
service n. sluba shout vb. vikati (I) 20.VII
employment service n. shout at length vb.
sluba za zapoljavanje 11A4 izvik ati se (P); izvikivati se (I) 20.VII
485
shout out vb. proderati se (P) B .VIII, sixteen (16) num. esnaest 5A1, 12A1z
uzviknuti (P); uzvikati (I) B .IV sixteenth (16th) adj. esnaesti 16A1
show vb. pokazati (P) 20 .VI, 9A2z; sixth (6th) adj. esti 6A1, 6A2z
pokazivati (I) A.IV sixty (60) num. ezdeset 5A1
sick adj. bolestan 10A4 skeleton n. kostur 17A3a
side n. strana 8A4, 8A4z sketch n. crtanje 10A3
side dish n. prilog 11A2 sky n. nebo 6A1
sidewalk n. plonik [C] trotoar [B,S] 14A3 slam vb. zalupiti (P) 17A1a
sigh n. uzdah 17A3a Slav n. Slaven [B,S] Sloven [B,S] 19A3b
sign n. znak 17A1b Slavic adj. slavenski [B,C] slovenski [B,S]
sign (ones name) vb. 9A1, . 9A1 .
potpisati (P); potpisivati (I) 20 .V Slavic studies slavistika 13B3
sign over vb. prepisati (P) 20.IV Slavicist n. slav ist [B,C] slavista [B,S]
signature n. potpis 20.VIII Slavonia n. Slavonija 6
significance n. znaaj Slavonian adj. slavonski 8A3
silence n. tiina 15A2 sleep n. san 17A3a, spav anje 7A3
silent adj. tih 20 .VI sleep vb. spavati (I) 7A3
be silent vb. sleep over vb. prespavati (P) 14A2
utati (I) [B,S] 17A3a sleepy adj. pospan
utjeti (I) [J] [B,C] B .IV I feel sleepy spava mi se 7A3z
fall silent vb. slender adj. tanak 3A3
zautati (P) [E] 20.V slenderer adj. tanji
zautjeti (P) [J] 20.V Slovene n. Sloven ac (m., general)
silly adj. blesav B .VI, neozbiljan 3A3 Slovenka (f.)
silver n. srebro Slovenia n. Slovenija 1
similar adj. Slovenian adj.
slian 11A2, poput (prep.) 19A1b slovenaki [B,S] slovenski [C] 6
simple adj. prost 16A1b, jednostavan slowly adv. polako 13A3
simultaneous adj. istovremen 15A1 sly adj. lukav 20.V
since ( = inasmuch as) conj. budui da 12A1, small adj. mali 2A2 , 11A1z, malen 20.V
12A1z smaller adj. manji 11A2, 11A1z
since ( = ever since) conj. otkada B.VIII smell n. miris 20.II
sincere adj. iskren B.VIII smile n. osmeh [E] osmijeh [J] 20.III
sing vb. smile vb.
pevati (I) [E] 5C1 smeiti se (I) [E] A.III
pjevati (I) [J] 5C1 smijeiti se (I) [J] A.III
singer n. peva [E] pjeva [J] 19A3b flash a smile vb.
single adj. jed an jedini, jedinstven osmehnuti se (P) [E] B.I
sink vb. utonuti (P) 18A1a osmjehnuti se (P) [J] B.I
sip vb. srknuti (P) 14A1; srkati (I) smoke n. dim 20.II
sister n. sestra 2A3, 5A1z , 6A2z smoke vb.
sit ( = be sitting) vb. puiti (I) 12A2; popuiti (P) 20.V
sedeti (I) [E] 6A3, 11A4z, 15A2z smoker n. pua 12A2
sjed iti (I) [J] 6A3, 11A4z, 15A2z smoking n. puenje 20.V
sit ( = to take a seat) vb. smooth adj. gladak
sesti (P) [E] 11A4, 11A4z smoother adj. glai
sjesti (P) [J] 11A4, 11A4z snake n. zmija 5A1
situate vb. snow n. sneg [E] snijeg [J] 14A2
smestiti (P) 17A3b; smetati (I) [E] so ( = in such a manner) adv. tako 3A1
smjestiti (P) 17A3b; smjetati (I) [J] so-so tako-tako 3A1
situation n. stan je 14A3, situacija 14A2 so ( = then, thus) conj. pa 7A2
six (6) num. est 5A2, 12A1z so many adv. toliko 16A1a
six (group of men) num. estorica 12A2z so much adv. toliko 16A1a
six (group of mixed company) num. estero [C] soap n. sapun
estoro [B,S] 12A2z soap opera sapunica B .II
six hundred (600) num. eststo 12A1z soar vb. vinuti se (P) 15A1
486
sob vb. jecati (I) 17A3a sound n. zvuk 14A4
soccer n. fudbal [B,S] nogomet [C] A .I soup n. juha [B,C] supa [B,S] 11A2
soccer adj. sour adj. kiseo 6A4
fudbalski [B,S] nogometni [B,C] B.I source n. izvor 16A2a
soccer player south n. jug
fudbaler [B,S] nogometa [B,C] B.IV southern adj. juni 4A1
soccer team South America n. Juna Amer ika 4A1
fudbalski klub [B,S] nogometni klub [B,C] South Slavic adj.
B . I junoslavenski [C] junoslovenski [B,S]
social adj. drutven 19A2b 19A3b
social sciences drutvene nauke [B,S] South Slavic studies n.
drutvene znanosti [C] 13B3 junoslavistika 13B3
socialize vb. druiti se (I) B .IV space ( = room) n.
society n. drutvo prostor 11A2, prostorija 6A1
sock n. arapa space ( = cosmos) n.
sofa n. kau svemir [B,C,S] 6A1 vasiona [B,S] 6A1
three-seater sofa trosed [E] trosjed [J] 20 .I Spain n. panija [B,S] panjolska [B,C] 4A1
soft adj. mek 19A3a, 11A2z Spaniard n.
softer adj. meki 11A2z panac (m., general) pankinja (f.) [B,S]
soil n. zemlja 5 panjolac (m., general) panjolka (f.) [C]
solar system n. sunev sistem [B,S] sunev Spanish adj. panski [B,S] panjolski [B,C]
sustav [C] 6A1 B . I
soldier n. vojnik 11A2z, 11A3z spank vb. tui (I) 8
sole adj. jedini 16A2a, 14 sparrow n. vrab ac A.III
solely adv. jedino speak vb. govoriti (I) 6A4
solitude n. samoa 18A2a speak out vb.
solve vb. progovoriti (P); progovarati (I) 20 .IV
reiti (P) 11A1; reavati (I) [E] special adj. poseban 7A4 , svojevrstan 20.I
rijeiti (P) 11A1; rjeavati (I) [J] specialty n. specijalitet 11A2
some adj. jedni (pl only) 3A1 , 3A1z, specific adj. poseban 7A4, specifian
neki 3A3, nekakav 16A1a, pojedini B.IV, odreen 19A1b
somebody n. neko [B,S] netko [C] 9A3z spectator n. gledalac [B,C,S] 15A1, gledatelj
somehow adv. nekako B.II [C] (m., general) gledateljica [C] (f.)
someone n. neko [B,S] netko [C] 4 speed n. brzin a 15A1
9A3, kogod [B,S] tkogod [C] 16A1b spend (money) vb.
something n. neto 4A3, 7A1 z, 9A2z, troiti (I); potroiti (P) 20.IV
9A3z spend (time) vb.
sometimes adv. ponekad 7A1, katkada, provesti (P); provoditi (I) 16A2a
nekad provesti se (P); provoditi se (I) 9A2
somewhat adv. neto B .V spend the night vb. prenoiti (P) 19A1a
somewhere adv. negde [E] negdje [J] spicier adj. ljui
from somewhere odnekud B.III spicy adj. ljut 6A4
son n. sin 8A1 spider n. pauk
song n. pesma [E] pjesma [J] 5C1 spirit n. duh 17C1
sonnet n. sonet 18A3 spoil vb. pokvariti (P) B .VII
soon adj. skoro 13A3, uskoro 14A4 spoon n. kaika [B,S] lica [C] 14A1
soothe vb. umiriti (P); umiriv ati (I) 20.I little spoon n.
sophomore n. stud ent druge godine kaiica [S] kaikica [B] liica [C] 14A1
sorrow n. tug a 15A1, alost sports n. sport [B,S] port [C] 16A1b
sorrowful adj. alostan 10 sports jersey n. dres B.I
sorry! oprosti oprostite [C] izvini izvin ite spouse n. suprug (m.) supruga (f.) 7A2
[B,S] 2A1 spread vb.
feel sorry for vb. aliti (I) A.III iriti (se) (I); rairiti (se) (P) 16A1b
Im sorry ao mi je 12A3 spring ( = season) n. prolee [E] proljee [J]
sort n. vrsta 6A4 in the spring adv.
soul n. dua 17A2a na prolee [E] na proljee [J] 9A1
487
spring adj. proleni [E] proljeni [J] [B/S] svratiti (P) 14A2; svraati (I)
proljetni [B,C] 15A1 stop ( = cease doing something) vb.
spring cleaning n. proleno spremanje [S] prestati (P) 14; prestajati (I) A.VI
proljeno spremanje [J] [B/S] proljetno stop ( = stand still) vb. stati (P) 11A2, 15A2z
spremanje [B,C] 15A1 stop (bus or tram) n. stajalite
square (in city) n. trg stop! excl. stani! 15A2z
square (in math) n. kvadrat storage area ( = closet, pantry) n. ostava
squared (in math) adv. na kvadrat 16A1b
squirrel n. veverica [E] vjeverica [J] A.VI store n. duan [B,C,S] 12A2, radnja [B,C,S]
stage n. scena 12A2, prodavaonica [B,C] trgovina [B,C]
stamp (postage) n. marka 2A4 12A2 . 12A2 .
stamp vb. (e.g. a ticket) self-service grocery store n.
ponititi (P) 13A4; ponitav ati (I) samoposluga [B,C] samousluga [S]
stand vb. stajati (I) 6A1 , 11A4z A.II, . 12A2 .
stand in line stajati u redu 11A4 store window n. izlog
keep standing prestajati (P) 14 storm n. oluja 14A2, vihor A .VII,
stand up vb. stati (P) 11A4, 11A4z nevreme [E] nevrijeme [J]
stanza n. strofa 17A1b story n. pria 5A1
star n. zvezda [E] zvijezda [J] 6A1 stove n. poret [B,S] tednjak [B,C] 14A1
start vb. poeti (P) 13A2; poinjati (I) 6A2 straight adj. ravan [B,C] pravo [B,S] 13A4
start out vb. strange adj. neobian 15A1 udan
krenuti (P); kretati (I) 9A2 strawberry n. jagoda 5A1
poi (P); polaziti (I) 9A4 stream n. potok
state n. drava 6A1 street n. ulica 12A2
state ( = claim) vb. tvrditi (I) B.III strenuous adj. naporan 12A2
state ( = say) vb. kazati (I/P) 5A1, 4A1z, strict adj. strog 6A3
. B.VII .; rei 7A3, 7A3z, 12A2z, 12A4z strike vb. lupiti (P); lup ati (I)
statement n. iskaz 19A1b, izjava 14A3 striking adj. upeatljiv 19A1b
station (e.g. train, bus) n. kolodvor [C] stanica stroll n. etnja 12A2
[B,C,S] 13A4, 5A4z, . 9A3 ., postaja [C] stroll vb.
20.VIII . 9A3 . see also bus station, railway proetati (P) 20.V ; etati (I) B.IV
station strong adj. jak 14A2, 11A2z
stationery store n. papirnica 2A4 stronger adj. jaki 11A2z
stay ( = remain) vb. strudel n. trudla 20.III
ostati (P) 9A2; ostajati (I) 10A2, 10A2z struggle n. borba 4
stay ( = be a guest) vb. struggle vb. muiti se
odsesti (P) 16A1a; odsed ati (I) [E] student (elementary or secondary) n. ak 5A1,
odsjesti (P) 16A1a; odsjed ati (I) [J] uenik (m, general) 14A4 uenica (f.)
stay ( = dwell) vb. boraviti (I) 16A2a student (university) n.
stay n. boravak 9A1 student (m., general) 1A1, 1A4z, . 10A2 .
step n. korak 16A1a studentica [B,C] studentkinja [B,S] (f.) 1A4,
step vb. stupiti (P) 16A2a 1A4z
stiff adj. krut student adj. studentski 7A4
stiffer adj. krui study ( = completed project) n. rad 16A2a,
still adv. jo 4A3 referat
stir up vb. study, studies (activity, discipline) n. studij
izmeati (P) [E] 14A1 [B,C] studije [S] 16A1b, uenje 11A4
izmijeati (P) [J] 14A1 study vb.
stocking n. arapa studirati (I) 6A2, uiti (I) 2A1, 2A1z,
stomach ( = general abdominal area) n. 9A2z, 10A2z
stomak [B,S] trbuh [B,C] . 10A4 . study adj. studijski 9A1
stomach ( = digestive organ) n. stupid adj. glup 2A2, 11A1z
eludac [B,C,S] 10A4 stupider adj. gluplji 11A2z
stone n. kamen 17A2a stupidity n. glupost 13
stones n. kamenje (coll.) 12A2, 12A2z style n. stil 20.V
stop by vb. stylistic adj. stilski 19A1b
488
subheading n. podnaslov 19A2b table n. sto [B,S] stol [C] 6A1, 7A2z
subletter n. podstanar 9A3 tactless adj. netaktian 20.IV
submit vb. (e.g. an application) tail n. rep A.VI
predati (P); predavati (I) 16A2a take (in hand) vb.
subside vb. uzeti (P) 6 5A2 ; uzimati (I) 5A1
zamreti (P); zamirati (I) [E] 16A3b take (somewhere) vb.
zamrijeti (P); zamirati (I) [J] 16A3b poneti (P) [E] 16A1a
subtle adj. suptilan 20.V ponijeti (P) [J] 16A1a
succeed vb. take (a university course) vb. sluati (I) 6A2
uspeti (P) 10A2; uspev ati (I) [E] 18A3 take (an exam) vb. polagati (I) 6A2, 6A2z,
uspjeti (P) 10A2; uspijev ati (I) [J] 18A3 10A2z
successful adj. take (somewhere on foot) vb. odvesti (P);
uspean [E] uspjean [J] B .VI odvoditi (I) 10A4z
such (a) adj. tak av 16A3b, ovakav 2A4 , take (somewhere by vehicle) vb. odvesti (P)
onakav 10A4 odvoziti (I) 10A4z
suddenly adv. odjednom 14A4 take ( = lead) vb. voditi (I) 5C1
sufficient adj. dovoljan 11A4 take away vb.
sugar n. eer 7A1 odneti (P); odnositi (I) [E] 7A3
suit ( = be agreeable) vb. prijati (I) 13A1 odnijeti (P); odnositi (I) [J] 7A3
suit ( = be appropriate) vb. take off ( = commence flight) vb.
odgovoriti (P) 10A2; odgovarati (I) 5A1, poleteti (P) [E] 15A1
9A3z poletjeti (P) [J] 15A1
summer n. leto [E] ljeto [J] 9A1 take shelter vb.
in the summer leti [E] ljeti [J] skloniti se (P) 14A2; sklanjati se (I)
this summer letos [E] ljetos [J] talk vb. govoriti (I) 6A4, priati (I) 12A2
summer adj. letnji [E] ljetni [J] 6A2 tall adj. visok 2A2, 3A1z, 11A1z, 11A2z
summit n. vrh 14A1 taller adj. vii 11A1z
sun n. sunce 6A1 task n.
sunrise n. izlazak sunca zadaa [B,C] zadatak [B,C,S] 4 1A4
sunset n. zalazak sunca tasty adj. ukusan 7A1
Sunday n. nedelja [E] ned jelja [J] 2A1 tavern n. gostionica 14A2
on Sundays nedeljom [E] nedjeljom [J] taxi driver n. tak sist [C] taksista [B,S] 11A3
7A2 taxi driving (occupation) taksiranje 11A3
support vb. izdrati (P); izdravati (I) 20 .V taxi n. taksi 11A3
sure! excl. moe 2A1 tea n. aj 4A3
surface n. povrina teach vb. predavati (I) 16A3a
surprise n. iznenaenje B.V teacher n.
surprise vb. nastavnik (m., general) nastavnica (f.) 11A3,
iznenaditi (P) 20.I; iznenaivati (I) B .III uitelj 5A1 (m., general) uiteljica (f.) 4
surrender vb. pred ati se (P); predavati se (I) 11A2z
survey n. anketa 16A1a teacher training n. pedagogija 13B3
survive vb. team (sports) n. klub B.I, momad
preiv eti (P); preivljav ati (I) [E] 14A3 12A2z
preiv jeti (P); preivljavati (I) [J] 14A3 team (work project) n. ekipa 16A1a
swallow ( = bird) n. lastavica 19A3a tear ( = teardrop) n. suza
Sweden n. vedska B .II tear off vb. zderati (P) 19A2a
Swedish adj. vedski B .II tease vb. zezati (I) B .IV
sweet adj. sladak 1A3 telephone n. telefon 8A3
sweeten vb. zaslad iti (P) 14A1; zaslaiv ati (I) telephone receiver n. slualica A .VII
sweeter adj. slai telephone adj. telefonski 16A2b
swim vb. plivati (I) 18A1a, kupati se 16A3a television ( = programming) n. televizija 3A3,
swimming n. plivanje . 12A2 .
swimming beach kupalite 16A3b television ( = set) n. telev izor . 12A2 .
swimming pool bazen television adj. televizijski B.II
system n. sistem [B,C,S] sustav [C] 6A1 tell vb. priati (I) 12A2, kazati (I/P),
T kaziv ati (I) 6 10A1z
489
tell (all) vb. ispriati (P) 16A1b kazalite [C] pozorite [B,S] 5A2, 5A4z
temperature n. temperatura 16A3a theater adj.
temple n. hram kazalini [C] pozorini [B,S] 16A3a
ten (10) num. deset 5A4, 12A1z their, theirs adj. njihov 1A2, 3A1z, 4A2z
ten (approx.) num. desetak 12A1z svoj 5A3, 5A3z
tenant n. podstanar 9A3 them pron.
tender adj. nean [E] njean [J] 19A1a (clitic) ih 2A1, im 6A3
tense (grammar) n. vreme [E] vrijeme [J] 5A2 (full) njih 2A2,, njim njima 6A3
present tense sad anje vreme [E] sadanje see also they
vrijeme [J] 17C1 theme n. tema 16A2a
future tense budue vreme [E] budue then ( = next) adv. potom 12A2, zatim 12A2,
vrijeme [J] 15A2 dakle 4A2, te 4, onda 3A2
past tense prolo vreme [E] prolo vrijeme then ( = at that point) adv.
[J] 17C1 onda 3A2, tad a 14A1
tent n. ator 19A1b theology n. bogoslov ija, teologija 13B3
tenth adj. (10th) deseti 10A2, 6A2z there (place) adv. tamo 1A2, 9A2z,
terrible adj. grozan 3A1, straan 8A1 onde [E] ondje [J] 14A2
terribly adv. strano 3A1 there ( = to there) adv. onamo 20.VI, tamo
terrific adj. sup er 3A1 there (pointing) adv. eno 4A4, 4A4z
test (examination) n. thereafter adv. onda 3A2, zatim 12A2
ispit 6A2, kontrolni zadatak 10A2 therefore adv.
test (medical) pretraga [B,C] ispitiv anje [B,S] dakle 4A2 , shodno tome 18A3
20.I they pron. oni, ona, one 4
testament ( = will) n. 1A4, 1A2z see also them
oporuka [B,C] testament [B,S] 20.IV thick adj. gust 14A4
testament ( = Biblical) n. thicker adj. gui
zavet [E] zav jet [J] 17C1 thief n. lopov 11A2z
Old Testament thin (e.g. ice, nerves, etc.) adj.
Stari zavet [E] Stari zav jet [J] 17C1 tanak 3A3 , 11A2z
New Testament thing n. stvar 4 3A3
Novi zavet [E] Novi zavjet [J] think vb. misliti (I); pomisliti (P) 3A1, raz-
testify vb. miljati (I) razmisliti (P) 8A3, 10A3, 7A2 z
svedoiti (I) [E] B.VIII thinner adj. tanji 11A2z
svjedoiti (I) [J] B .VIII third (1/3) n. treina 12A1, 12A1z
text n. tekst 17A4 third (3rd) adj. trei 3A1, 6A2z, 12A1z
text message n. SMS poruka thirsty adj. ed an 4A3
than conj. nego 2A1, 11A2z, negoli 20.V thirteen (13) num. trinaest 5A1, 12A1z
thank vb. zahvaliti (P) 20.III; zahvaljiv ati (I) thirteenth (13th) adj. trinaesti 13A1
[B,C,S] 16A2a thirty (30) num. trid eset 5A1, 12A1z
zahvaliti se (P) 20.III; zahvaljivati se (I) this adj. ovaj 1 A2, taj 4 1 A2,
[B,S] 16A2a 1 A3z, 2 A2z, 3 A1z
thanks n. hvala 2A4 this is ovo je 1A2
thank you very much hvala lepo [E] hvala this kind adj. ovakav 2A4
lijepo [J] [B/S] hvala lijepa [J] [C] 2A4 this way ( = in this manner) adv.
thanks for asking hvala na pitanju B.I ovako 13A3, na taj nain 10A4
that adj. taj 4 1A2, onaj 2A2, 2A2z, this way ( = by this route) adv. ovuda .7.A4 .,
3A1z B.VII
that conj. da 1A2, 13A2z, to 12A3, thought n. misao 4 18A2a
12A3z lost in thought zamiljen B.IV
that ( = which) conj. koji 3A3, 12A3z thought adj. misaon 15A1
that way ( = by that path) onuda, tuda thoughtful adj. zamiljen
that way ( = in that manner) tako 3A1, thousand num.
na taj nain 10A4 hiljada [B,C,S] tisua [C] 12A1, 12A1z
that is odnosno 12A1, t.j. one thousand hiljadu [B,C,S] tisuu [C]
thats that! gotovo je! 11A1, tako je! 4A2 12A1, 12A1z
theater n. thread n. konac A .VIII
490
three (3) num. tri 4A2, 4A2z, 12A1z top n. vrh 14A1
three ( mixed company) num. troje 12A2z topic n. tema 16A2a
three (a group of men) num. trojica 12A2z torch n. buktinja A .III, zublja 18A2a
three hundred num. (300) tristo [B,C,S] torment vb. mor iti 15A1, muiti
trista [B,S] 12A1z torture vb. muiti
threshold n. prag 19A1a touch vb.
thrill vb. dodirnuti (P); dodirivati (I) 20.II
zadiv iti (P) 15A1; zadivljav ati (I) [C] be in touch vb. uti se (I/P) 8A3, 8A3z
zadiv iti (P) 15A1; zadivljiv ati (I) [B,S] javiti se (P); javljati se (I) 8A3, 8A3z
thriller n. triler 7A3 tour n. obilaenje 16A3b
throat n. grlo 18A3 tour vb. ob ii (P) 20.IV; obilaziti (I) 16A3a
throne n. tourist adj. turistiki 16A2a
prestonica [S] prijestolnica [B,C] 16A3b tourist agency n. turistika agen cija 16A2a
through prep. kroz 5 3A2, kroza 16A2a toward prep. prema 11A4, k, ka 7A3
throughout prep. irom 16A3b tower n. toranj 18A1a, kula 19A3a
throw vb. baciti (P); bacati (I) 16A1a town n. grad 3A3, varo [S], mesto [E]
thumb n. palac 10A4 mjesto [J] 14A2
thunder n. thunder small town n. grad i 3A3
Thursday n. etvrtak 2A1, 2A1z town square n. trg 13A4
on Thursdays etvrtkom 7A2z toy n. igraka 16A1b
ticket (train, bus, etc.) n. karta A.V trace n. trag 20.VII
ticket (concert, theater, sports event, etc.) n. tradition n. trad icija 16A2a
ulaznica 16A1a traditional adj. tradicionalan 19A3b
tidy adj. uredan 9A2 traffic adj. prometan [C] saobraajni [B,S]
tight adj. tesan [E] tijesan [J] 7A2
tighter adj. tenji [E] tjenji [J] traffic accident n. prometna nesrea [C]
time (point in time or duration) n. vreme [E] saobraajna nesrea [B,S]
vrijeme [J] 5A2, doba 17A3b train n. vlak [C] voz [B,S] 7A2, 5A4z
time (instance) n. put 10A1 trait n. crta 10A3
three times tri puta tram n. tramvaj 7A2, 7A2z
tiny adj. sitan 14A1 tranquility n.
tire vb. umoriti se (P); umarati se (I) B.IV mir [B,C,S] 7A3 smiraj [C] 20.II
tired adj. umoran 10A4 transfiguration n. preobraenje 17A4
title n. naslov 17A3b transform vb.
to prep. na 5A2, k, ka 7A3, 7A3z, u 5A1, pretvor iti (P); pretvarati (I) 14A2
do 4A4z, kod [B,S] 4 transformation n. preobraenje 17A4
toast ( = grilled bread) n. tost 7A1 translate vb. prevesti (P) 15A2; prevoditi (I)
toast (to someones health) n. zdravica 18A3, 10A4z
B.VIII translation (activity) n. prevoenje 18A3
today adv. danas 3A1 translation (end result) n.
todays adj. dan anji 17A2b prevod [B,C,S], prijevod [C] 18A3
toe n. prst 10A4 translator n. prevodilac [B,S] prevod itelj [C]
big toe noni palac 10A4 (m., general) 5A3 prevoditeljica (f.)
together adv. transmit vb.
skupa [C] 10A4, zajedno [B,C,S] 2A1 preneti (P); prenositi (I) [E] 19A3b, 10A4z
toilet n. prenijeti (P); prenositi (I) [J] 19A3b, 10A4z
W.C. [B,C,S] 16A1b, zahod [B,C] 16A1b transparent adj. proziran 20.I
tomato n. transpire vb. ispasti (P); ispadati (I) 12A1
paradajz [B,C,S] rajica [C] 7A1 5A4z transport vb.
tomorrow adj. sutra 2A1 prevesti (P); prevoziti (I) 10A4z
day after tomorrow adv. prekosutra 20.IV transportation n. prevoz [B,C,S], prijevoz [C]
tongue n. jezik 9A1 travel vb. putovati (I) 4;
tonight adv. veer as 3A1, noas 13A3 travel through vb. proputovati (P) 16A2a
too bad! excl. teta! 13A3 traverse vb.
too much adv. previe B.III prei (P); prelaziti (I) [B,C,S] 19A1a
tooth n. zub 9A2, 9A2z prijei (P); prelaziti (I) [C] 19A1a
491
treasure n. blago 19A3b [B,C,S] 5A3, 5A3z, . 5A3 .
treat (e.g. to a drink) vb. astiti (I/P) 15A1 uncle ( = husband of mothers or fathers sister)
tree n. drvo A.VI tea [B,S] tetak [B,C,S] 5A3, 5A3z, . 5A3 .
trees n. drvee 12A2z uncomfortable adj. neugodan [B,C] 9A2
treetop n. kronja A.III unconditional adj.
tremble vb. drhtati (I) 17A3a bezuslovan [B,S] bezuvjetan [B,C]
triangle n. trokut [B,C] trougao [B,S] unconscious adj.
trouble n. nevolja 19A3a, muka besvestan [E] besvjestan [J] 14A3
true adj. istinski 20.IV unconvincing adj.
truly adv. doista [B,C,S] 16A2b, fakat [B,C] neuverljiv [E] neuvjer ljiv [J] 20 .I
B.VII, stvarno [B,C,S] 2A2, zaista under prep. pod 5 8A1, 8A4, 8A4z
[B,C,S] 2A2 underline vb.
truth n. istina 10A3, zbilja podcrtati (P) 18A1b; podcrtav ati (I) [C]
try vb. podvui (P) 18A1b; podvlaiti (I) [B,S]
pokuati (P) 11A1; pokuavati (I) B .V underpants (men's) n. gae
Tuesday n. utorak 2A1, underpants (women's) n. gaice
on Tuesdays utorkom 7A2z undershirt n. potkoulja
tulip n. lala [S] tulipan [B,C] A .IV understand ( = comprehend) vb. razumeti (I/P)
Turk n. Turin (m., general) Turkinja (f.) 4 [E] 7A3, 7A3z razumjeti (I/P) [J] 7A3,
Turkish adj. turski 7A3z
Turkish coffee cup n. fildan 14A1 understand ( = grasp) vb. shvatiti (P) 14A4,
Turkish coffeepot dezva 14A1 15A1z; shvaati (I)
turn vb. skrenuti (P) 13A4 ; skretati (I) understand ( = get [colloq.]) vb. kapirati (I);
turn around vb. ukapirati (P) kuiti (I); skuitii (P)
okrenuti (P); okretati (I) 20.VIII understanding n.
turn away vb. razumevanje [E] razumijevanje [J] 11A4
odvratiti (P); odvraati (I) 20.VII undertake vb.
turn on (a device) vb. poduzeti (P) 16A1a; poduzimati (I) [B,C]
ukljuiti (P); ukljuiv ati (I) 16A1b preduzeti (P) 16A1a; preduzimati (I) [B,S]
turn off (a device) vb. underway adv.
iskljuiti (P); iskljuiv ati (I) u tijeku [C] u toku [B,S] B.IV
tutor vb. poduavati (I) 18A3 unfortunately adv. na alost, naalost 12A3
twelfth (12th) adj. dvan aesti 12A1, 6A2z uniform adj. jedinstven
twelve (12) num. dvanaest 5A4, 12A1z union n. savez 12A4
twentieth (20th) adj. dvadeseti 20A1 unique adj. jedinstven 19A3b
twenty (20) num. dvadeset 6A1 , 12A1z unite vb. sjedin iti (P) 12A4; sjedinjivati (I)
two num. (2) dva, dve [E] dvije [J] 4A3, united ( = functioning as one) adj.
4A2z, 12A1z sjed injen 12A4
two (pair of males) num. dvojica 12A2z united ( = brought together) adj.
two (pair, mixed gender) num. dvoje 12A2z ujedinjen B.II
two hundred num. (200) dvesto [E] dvjesto [J] United Nations Ujedinjene Nacije [S]
[B,C,S] dvesta [S] dvjesta [B, S] 12A1z Ujed injeni Narodi [B,C] B .II
type n. tip 16A3b United States of America Sjedinjene Amerike
Drave 4A1
U universe n. svemir [B,C,S] vasiona [B,S] 6A1
ugly adj. ruan 2A2 university n. sveuilite [C] univerzitet [B,S]
umm ( = hesitation sound) ovaj . 9A4 . 6A2, . 5A2 . , . 10A2 .
umbrella n. kiobran university adj.
unambiguous adj. nedvosmislen 20 .VIII sveuilini [C] univerzitetski [B,S]
unanimous dj. jednoduan 15A1 university department katedra 16A2b,
unblinkingly adv. netremice B .VII odsek [E] odsjek [J] 16A1a
uncertainty n. university school fakultet 5A2 , . 5A2 .
neizvesnost [E] neizvjesnost [J] 11A4 unnamed adj. neimenovan 19A2b
uncle ( = mothers brother) n. daida [B] ujak unpleasant adj. neprijatan [B,S] 9A2
[B,C,S] 5A3, 5A3z, . 5A3 . unrelenting adj. bespotedan 18A3
uncle ( = father's brother) n. amida [B] stric untidy adj. neur edan 9A2
492
until conj. dok ne ( + perfective verb) 10A3 visit n. poseta [S] posjet [B,C] 16A3b
unusual adj. neobian 15A1 visit vb. ob ii (P) 20.IV; obilaziti (I) 16A3b,
up adv. gore odsesti (P); odsedati (I) [E] 16A1a,
up prep. uz 20.II odsjesti (P); odsjedati (I) [J] 16A1a,
up to prep. do 5 4A4z posetiti (P) [E] posjetiti (P) [J] 16A2a,
upper adj. gornji 17A4 gostovati (I)
upstream adv. uzvodno 20.V be visiting vb.
urban adj. gradski 13A4 biti u gostima 17A4
urge vb. visitor n.
nagovoriti (P); nagovar ati (I) 20.VI posetilac [E] posjetilac [J] [B/S] 15A1
urgent adj. hitan 14A1 posjetitelj [C] (m., general) posjetit-
urine n. mokraa eljica [C] (f.) 20.III
us pron. vocabulary n.
(clitic) nas 2A1, nam 6A3 vokabular, lek sik [C] leksika [B,S]
(full) nas 2A2, nam, nama 6A3 vocation n. zvan je 11A4
see also we vocative (case) n. vokativ
USA abbr. SAD 4A1, 4A1z voice n. glas 19A2b
use n. uporaba [C] upotreba [B,C,S] B.III Vojvodina n. area in northern Serbia 1
use vb. koristiti (I) 17A4, rabiti (I) [C], Vojvodinian adj. vojvoanski 8A3
iskoristiti (P) 15A1; iskoritavati (I), volleyball n. odbojka
upotrebiti (P); upotrebljavati (I) [E] 17A1b vote n. glas
upotrijebiti (P); upotrebljavati (I) [J] 17A1b vote v.
useful adj. koristan 16A3b glasati (I) [B,S]
utility bills kirija [B,S] reije [C] 9A3 glasovati (I) [C]
vulture n. leinar 20.V
V
vacation n. odmor W
valuable adj. vredan [E] vrijedan [J] 8A1 wait vb. ekati (I) 5A2, 5A3z
value n. vrednost [E] vrijednost [J] 13 wait a bit vb.
be of value vb. saekati (P); saekivati (I) B .V
vredeti (I) [E] vrijediti (I) [E], valjati (I) waiter n.
12A3z kelner [B,S] konobar [B,C,S] 11A2z
various adj. razni 11A3 waitress n.
vegetables n. povre kelnerica [B,S] konobarica [B,C,S] 11A2z
vegetarian adj. vegetarijanski 11A2 wake up vb.
verb n. glagol 17A1b buditi se (I); probuditi se (P) 9A2z
verb, verbal adj. glagolski wake up fully vb.
verdict n. presuda 19A2a razbuditi (P); razbuivati (I) 10A4
verse n. stih 17A1b waken (someone) vb. buditi (I); probuditi (P)
version n. verzija 10A3 walk n. hodati (I) 7A2
very adv. vrlo 3A1, jako 3A1, veo ma wall n. zid 4A4
20.III walnut n. orah 4A3
veterinarian n. veterinar 11A2z want ( = desire something) vb.
via adv. preko 8A3, putem eleti (I) [E] 2A1, 9A2z
vice president n. eljeti (I) [J] 2A1 , 9A2z
potpredsednik [E] potpredsjednik [J] want ( = require, need, lack, desire, etc.) vb.
video cassette n. video 16A1a infinitive: hteti [E] htjeti [J] 6
video store n. videoteka 16A1a 5A2, 5A2z
Vienna n. Be 4A1 present tense (affirmative): hou, hoe,
village n. selo 4 3A3, 6A1z hoe, hoemo, hoete, hoe 5A2
vineyard n. vinograd 20.II present tense (negated) neu, nee, nee,
violate (e.g. the law) vb. kriti (I) 19A2b neemo, neete, nee 9A2, 9A2 z
violence n. nasilje war n. rat 12A4
violent adj. nasilan 20.VII First World War Prvi svetski rat [E] Prvi
violet adj. ljubiast svjetski rat [J] 12A4, 12A1z
vision n. vienje 16A3b Second World War Drugi svetski rat [E]
493
Drugi svjetski rat [J] 12A4, 12A1z were vb. bili su bila su bile su
ward n. see under be
odelenje [E] odjeljenje [J] west n. zapad 6
odjel or odio [C] 20 .VII western adj. zapadni
warm adj. topao 4A3 wet n. mokar 18A1a
warmth n. toplota 16A3b what pron. ta [B,S] to [C] 4
was vb. bio je, bilo je, bila je 1A2, 1A1z, 6A2z, 9A3z, 12A1z
see under be whatever adv. togod, bilo ta [B,S] bilo to
wash vb. prati (I); oprati (P) 9A2 [C] . 18A3 .
wash (someone) vb. kupati what kind of adj. kakav 3A3, 3A4z
wash (ones) face vb. when adj. kad, kada 5A4, 12A3z
umiti se (P); umivati se (I) 9A2 whenever adv. kadgod, bilo kad . 18A3 .
wastebasket n. ko where (question about location)
watch ( = observe) vb. gde [E] gdje [J] 4A2, 4A2z
gledati (I) 6 2A2 , where (question about destination) kamo [C]
posmatrati (I) [B,S] 14 5A1, kud, kuda [B,C,S] 5A1, gde [E] gdje
promatrati (I) [B,C] 14 [J] [B/S] 5A1 . 7.A4 .
watch ( = take care) vb. paziti (I) B.VIII where (question about origin)
watch out! excl. uvaj se! 10A4 odakle 4A1, 4A1z
watchman n. uvar 20.VII where are you going?
water n. voda 4A3 kamo ide? or kamo idete [C]
wave n. val [B,C] talas [B,S] 15A1 kuda ide? or kuda idete? [B,C,S]
wave vb. mahnuti (P); mah ati (I) 20.VIII gde ide? or gde idete [E] gdje ide? or gdje
way ( = road) n. put [B,C,S] 6 idete [J] [B/S]
cesta [B,C] 14A3 wherever adv. gde god [E] gdje god [J],
way ( = manner) n. nain 10A4 bilo gde [E] bilo gdje [J] 18A3, . 18A3 .
(in) that way na taj nain 10A4 which adj. koji 3A3, 3A4 z, 12A1z, 13A4z
we pron. mi 4 1A3 see also us which way? kamo [C] kojim putem [B,C,S]
weak adj. slab 5A1 kojim putom [C] . 7.A4 .
weakness n. slabost 19A2a
while conj. dok (+imperfective verb) 4
weather n. vreme [E] vrijeme [J] 5A2
whipped cream n. lag
weather forecast
whisper vb. apnuti (P); aptati (I) 18A1a
vremenska prognoza 14A2
whisper n. apat
wedding ( = celebration) n. svadba B.VIII
in a whisper apatom, aptom 20.VI
wedding ( = ceremony) n.
whistle vb. zvidati (I) 5C1
venan je [E] vjenan je [J] A .IV
white adj. beo [E] bijel [J] 2A3, 2A3z
Wednesday n. sreda [E] srijeda [J] 2A1
who pron. ko [B,S] tko [C] 1A1, 1A1 z,
on Wednesdays
2A2z, 6A2z, 12A1z,
sredom [E] srijedom [J] 5A3z
who conj. koji 13A4z
week n. sedmica [B,S] tjedan [C] 5A3 , whole n. celin a [E] cjelina [J] 19A1b
2A3z, 5A3z ned elja [E] ned jelja [J] [B/S]
whole adj. ceo, celi [E] cio, cijeli [J] 7A4
5A3, 2A3z, 5A3z
whom pron.
weekend n. vikend 5A4, 5A3z
koga, kome, komu, kim 2A2, 12A1z
weekly adj.
whose adj. iji 3A3, 3A4z
sedmini [B,S] tjedni [C] 16A3a
why adv. zato 2A3, to B .V
nedeljni [E] ned jeljni [J][B/S] 16A3a
wife n. ena 1A3 , . 5A3 .
welcome vb. doekati (P) 5A3
will n. volja 16A3b
welcome adj. dobrodoao 13A1z
will ( = future tense) vb. 6 9A1z
welcome! (said on someones arrival) excl.
(clitic) u, e, e, emo, ete, e 9A1, 9B1
dobro doao! dobro dola! dobro doli!
(full) hou, hoe, hoe, hoemo, hoete,
13A1, 13A1z
hoe 5A2
youre welcome (in response to "thank you")
(negated) neu, nee, nee, neemo, neete,
molim lepo [E] molim lijepo [J] 2A4
nee 9A2
welfare n.
willow n. vrba 18A1a
drutvena briga [B,S] socijalna skrb [C]
wind n. vetar [E] vjetar [J] 14A2
well adv. dobro 2A3
494
gale-strength wind vihor A .VII worry vb. brinuti (I) 13A3,
window n. prozor 3A2 zabrinuti (P); zabrinjav ati (I) 20.VIII
window display izlog worse adj. gori 11A1z
wine n. vino 4A3 worse adv. gore
wing (of bird, plane, building) n. krilo be worth vb. valja 12A3z
wing (of dormitory) n. paviljon 12A1 would you like... ? eli li ..., elite li ... [B,C]
winter n. zima 9A1 da li eli ..., da li elite ... [B,S]
in the winter zimi would bih, bi, bi, biste, bismo, bi 13A1z,
this winter zimus 13A2z
winter adj. zimski 6A2 wound n. rana 18A1a
wipe vb. brisati (I); izbrisati (P) 10A3 wound vb. raniti (P); ranjavati (I) 20.V
wise adj. mudar 8A1, uman B.III, . 8A1 . wrap up (e.g. a package) vb.
wish vb. umotati (P); umotavati A.IV
eleti (I) 2A1 ; poeleti (P) [E] 15A1, 4A3z, write vb. pisati (I) 6 2A1, 2A1z;
9A2z, 13A1z, 15A1z napisati (P) 10A2, 6A3z, 11A1z
eljeti (I) 2A1; poeljeti (P) [J] 15A1, write in vb. upisati (P); upisivati (I) 20.VIII
4A3z, 9A2z, 13A1z, 15A1z writer n. pisac 5A3 (m., general)
with prep. s, sa 5 7A1 , 7A4z, kod spisateljica (f.) 11A2z
4A2, pri writing n. pisan je 10A4z
within prep. unutar [B,S] unutar [C] wrong adj. kriv 18A2b
without prep. bez 5 4A3
witness n. svedok [E] svjedok [J] 20.IV Y
witty adj. duhovit 7A3 yard n. dvorite A .VI
wizard n. arobnjak 13A3 year n. godina (abbr. g.) 6A2, 12A3z,
wolf n. vuk 12A4z
woman n. ena 1A2, 3A2z, 8A1 z 1924 g. in the year 1924
young woman devojka [E] djevojka [J] 4 for years godinama 7A2 , 7A2z
womens adj. enski 10.A3 , B.IV (for) a year godinu dana 6A2
wood n. drvo A .VI year of birth godite 12A3, 12A3z
wooden adj. drven 20.V yell at length vb. izvikati se (P); izvikivati se
won't vb, (I) 20.VII
neu, nee, nee, neemo, neete, nee yellow adj. ut 2A3
[B,C,S] yes da 4 1A2, 1A2z, 9A2z
ne u, ne e, ne e, ne emo, ne ete, ne e yes? molim? 2A1
[C] 9A2, 9A2 z yesterday adv.
word n. re [E] rije [J] 3A2 , 6A1z, 7A1z jue [B,S] juer [C] 6A3
work ( = activity) n. rad 16A3b the day before yesterday
work ( = job) n. posao 6A3, 7A2z, radno prekjue [B,S] prekjuer [C]
mesto [E] radno mjesto [J] 11A4 yesterday's adj. jueranji 20.VIII
work ( = creative achievement) n. delo [E] yet adv. jo 4A3
djelo [J] you ( = sg, informal) pron.
work ( = project) n. rad 16A2a (subj.) ti 1A1, 1A1z
work vb. rad iti (I) 2A1 (obj. clitic) te 2A1, ti 6A3
start working vb. (obj. full) tebe 2A2, tebi 6A3 , tobom 7A1
proraditi (P); proraiv ati (I) 15A1, 15A1z you ( = pl or sg.polite) pron.
work adj. radni 11A4 (subj.) vi 1A3
workplace n. (obj. clitic) vas 2A1, vam 6A3
radno mesto [E] radno mjesto [J] 11A4 (obj. full) vas 2A2, vam, vama 6A3
work out ( = solve) vb. you (impersonal subject of sentence)
obraditi (P) 13A3; obraivati (I) see 14A1z
worker n. youre welcome molim! 2A4
radnik (m., general) radnica (f.) 11A2z young adj. mlad 7A2, 5A1z, 11A2z
world n. svet [E] svijet [J] 17A2a younger adj. mlai 11A2z
world adj. svetski [E] svjetski [J] 12A4 your, yours adj.
worry n. briga 7A1 (sg, familiar) tvoj 1A2
dont worry budi bez brige 7A1 (pl, polite) va 1A2
495
youth ( = abstract idea) n. mladost
youth ( = the younger generation) n. omladina
16A1b
Yugoslavia n. Jugoslavija . 17A4 .
Z
Zagreb n. Zagreb
Zagreb resident n.
Zagrepanin (m., general)
Zagrepanka (f.)
Zagreb adj. zagrebaki 6A2
zebra n. zebra
zero n. nula
zoo n. zooloki vrt 15A1
496
Sources of illustrations
Photographs
Pages 132 (right), 199 (lower), 258 (lower) courtesy of Sanja Bajin
Pages 37, 82 (upper), 112 (lower), 181 (bottom), 184 (middle section, top left), 205 (top, right), 209, 224
(right), 255 courtesy of Britton Buckner
Pages 265 (both), 280, 257 courtesy of the Fine Arts Library, Harvard College Library
Pages xviii (bottom), 25, 46, 289 (both) courtesy of Vlada Gvoi
Page 23 (lower) courtesy of Nataa Jeffery
Pages xviii (top), 69 (left) courtesy of Trevor Laurence Jockims
Pages 52 (top, left and right), 80 (right), 113, 116, 128, 205 (top, left), 223 courtesy of Peter McMurray
Pages 139, 281, 294, 296, (all three) 296 courtesy of the Milman Parry Collection of Oral Literature,
Harvard University
Pages 31, 85 (both) courtesy of Milo Miloevi, Cetinje
Page 263 courtesy of Zoran Muti
Page 291 (both) courtesy of www.olderserbia.plus.co.yu
Page 231 courtesy of Tanja Pakvan-epi
Pages 161 (top), 258 (upper) courtesy of Dragana Pilipovi
The remaining photographs are the work of the authors, Ronelle Alexander and Ellen Elias-Bursa.
Maps
The maps on pp. 61, 78, and 96 were adapted from maps in the public domain available at
www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/
courtesy of the University of Texas Libraries, the University of Texas at Austin.
Special thanks to Patrick Florance at the Harvard Map Collection for guidance in drawing the maps at the
beginning of the book and on p. 13.
Fonts
Fonts on pages 1 (z), 8 (o), 76 (k), 93 ( e, z) courtesy of Karla Williamson
Images contained in this publication on page 157 (k, 5, )) are copyright 1999-2005 by Jeffrey N.
Levine and are used under exclusive license. No further derivative use of the images is permitted, and any
use other than within the confines of this educational material constitutes copyright infringement;
punishable by law.
497
Index adverbial meaning of instrumental case 101
of direction 64, 105
of measure 64
Abbreviations predicting form from adjectives 37
used in appendices 313 verbal adverbs 180, 185, 221-222
used in glossaries 389 Age and ordinal numbers 187
used in Lessons 1-20 xvii ako (usage with conditional) 203
Accent (and vowel length) Albahari, David 62, 341-345
accent in negated present tense 20 Alphabets
long vowels in genitive plural 64 chart: Latin and Cyrillic 315
marking system xvi Cyrillic guidelines 319-321
shifts in adjectives 25, 39, 113 Cyrillic writing practice 14-17
accent shifts in nouns 48 introduction to 1
accent shifts in verbs 48 and sounds 1
Accusative case 20, 22 Andri, Ivo 167
in body-ache sentences 152 Animate masculine nouns 22, 24
in time expressions 20, 83 anything 132
logical subject in subjectless sentence 146 Aorist tense 189, 265
object pronouns 21, 22, 143, 145 and the conditional auxiliary 198
of animate masculine nouns 22, 24 Apartment floor plan 247
of feminine nouns in a consonant 38, 39 Aphorisms 111
plural forms 39 [individual selections listed by first words]
singular forms 20 Ako emo poteno ... 140
used in meaning direct object 20 Blago babama i dedama ... 126
with prepositions 20, 25, 66, 128, 331 Kia je i kapala ... 232
Adjectives 4, 5 Ko je imao sree ... 214
accent shifts in 25, 39, 113 Ne moemo iveti ... 196
and adverbs 37, 164 Neko je jutros srean ... 158
after forms of biti 4, 25, 37 Ako se plaite odgovora ... 176
comparison of 160-161, 163-164 Pred Narodnom bibliotekom ... 111
dative-locative singular of 80 Aspect 25, 145, 235
dative-locative-instrumental plural of 114 and English progressive tense 145
ending in -o 25 and the future tense 130-131, 145
endings after soft consonants 48, 80 and motion verbs 66
fleeting vowels in 5, 23, 113 and narrative structure 235
formed from past verbal adverbs 185 and the past tense 83, 145
formed from present verbal adverbs 180 and past verbal adverbs 185
genitive plural of 64 and prefixation 66, 68, 70, 103, 145-146, 152
genitive singular, short form 50 and the present tense 145
in relation to adverbs 37 and suffixation 145-146
in -ski 52, 128 and present verbal adverbs 180
instrumental singular of 98 and verbal meaning 132, 145, 235
long and short forms 5, 25, 37 and verbs of transport 101, 103, 152
long form only 25, 37 biaspectual verbs 103
long and longer forms in sequence 54 imperfective meaning 25, 83, 130, 145, 235
longer forms 25, 54 in relation to aorist and imperfect 189
nominative and accusative plural of 36 introduction 25
nominative endings of 4, 5, 36 perfective meaning 25, 68, 83, 131, 145, 235
ordinal numbers as 83, 187, 188 Audio recordings, key to 383
passive participles as 160, 219 Auxiliary forms
possessive pronominal 50 used with the conditional 198
sample paradigms 325-328 used with the future tense 128, 130
short form only 25, 50 used with the past tense 82, 143
Adverbs 37 word order rules concerning 145
comparison of 164 Banja Luka vs. Banjaluka 61
Baptism customs 357
499
Index
baviti se (usage with instrumental) 167 Car Duan 291, 292
Bazdulj, Muharem 62, 347-357 Cases of nouns 20
Bekovi, Matija 295 ciao 1
Beograde, dobro jutro (by Duan Radovi) 111, Clitics
232 and word order 21, 86, 128, 130, 145
Bio jednom jedan lav Duan Radovi 149 clitic forms of biti 2, 143, 198
biti clitic forms of hteti [E] htjeti [J] 128
as past tense auxiliary 82, 143 object pronouns 21, 22, 85
bilo (indefinite) 283 Code of Laws Emperor Duan 291, 292
budem form 68 Collective nouns 185
full paradigm 339 Comparison
in passive sentences 219 of adjectives 160-161, 163-164
present tense long form 7 of adverbs 164
present tense short form 2 superlatives (with naj-) 160-161, 163-164
use in phrase once upon a time 148 usage (comparison than) 164
Body-ache sentences 152 used with sve 235
Body-part names 152 Conditional mood 198, 203
bojati se (usage with genitive) 66, 147 conditional in toned-down statements 201
bok 1 conditional of politeness 198
bolan, bona 133 conditional of purpose 203
Bosnia conditional sentences (if A then B) 203
cultural traditions 269, 270 conjunctions (ako, kad, da) 203
history 276 Conjugation
map 61 general 1, 21, 54
Bosnian predicting conjugational forms 142
alphabet use in 1 specific types 25, 27, 37, 54
accusative pronouns in 21 sample paradigms 333-339
aorist use in 189 Conjunctions
form of in this book 69 ako 203, 206
ijekavian in 21 and aspect meaning 83
infinitive meaning, expression of 21, 69, 101, and question words 48
134 compound conjunctions 206
introductions 198 da 21, 201, 203, 206
longer adjectives in 54 kad 206
question formation in 3 kao to 48
slang (syllable switching) 355 koji (relative conjunction) 180, 206
spelling of foreign names in 5, 47, 192 meaning before and after 206
spelling rules shared with C 128 meaning than 164
spelling rules shared with S 130 nego 164, 206
use of trebati in 164, 170 ni ... ni 70
vocabulary shared with C (but not S) 7, 70, to 187, 206
103, 128, 164-165, 184 to in what clauses 132
vocabulary shared with S (but not C) 2, 7, 23, vs. prepositions 206
38, 64, 70, 82, 103, 104, 105, 132, 164-165, Consonant shifts
179, 184, 185 see also under Softening of consonants
vocabulary specific to 23, 68, 70, 133, 216, caused by fleeting vowels (assimilation) 23
263 Counting form 52, 179, 185
Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Grammar xii, Counting on fingers 64
xiii, 1, 359 Crna hronika [B,S] Crna kronika [C] 223, 231
Bonjak vs. Bosanac 7 Croatia
brati literary traditions 110, 285
full paradigm (type 10) 339 map 96
bre 133 Croatian
budem 68 accusative pronouns in 21
with exact future 187 adjectives, form and usage of 25, 50, 54
Capitalization, see Spelling alphabet use in 1
500
Index
form of in this book 69, 134 with trebati 164
ijekavian in 21 davati 37
infinitive meaning, expression of 21, 69, 101, full paradigm (type 9) 336
134 Days of the week 20, 30
introductions 198 Definite articles in English
question formation in 3 and long adjectives 37
slang (syllable switching) 355 Demonstrative pronouns 5, 23, 327
spelling of foreign names in 5, 47, 192 Distributive po 65
spelling rules shared with B 128 Dizdar, Mak 270
spelling rules specific to 130 dobar dan 27, 198
use of trebati in 164, 170 dobro doli 198
vocabulary shared with B (but not S) 7, 70, dobro jutro 27
103, 128, 164-165, 184 dobro vee [B,S] dobra veer [C] 38
vocabulary shared with S (but not B) 68, 184 doi
vocabulary specific to 2, 7, 23, 38, 64, 70, 82, full paradigm (type 16) 338
103, 104, 105, 130, 132, 133, 164-165, 179, Dormitories 132
184, 185,189, 263 Drawings
word order 143 Brana drawing lion 149, 151
Currency three-legged lion 148
Croatian bill of transition years 185 drati
euro / evro 192 full paradigm (type 4) 334
Cyrillic alphabet Dri, Marin 285
chart 315 Durakovi, Ferida 261, 263, 269
conventions on textbook use of 47, 58 Emperor Duan 291
introduction to 1 Ekavian xvii, 21
guidelines to worksheets 319-321 and past tense forms 143
worksheets for practice 14-17 in forms ending in -o 25
initi (usage with instrumental) 167 in Serbian 21
initi se (usage with dative) 146 in the number two 52
ovek [E] ovjek [J] (plural of) 36 Exact future 187
ao 1 Exams 145
ipiko, Ivo 269 Exclamations 133
da Exercises
introducing proposed actions 201 form of replacement cues 20, 25, 39
usage with conditional 203 rekviziti xiv, 1, 19, 47
usage with present tense 21 Exercises about
da li 3 animals 4-5, 6-7, 28, 43, 55, 63, 90, 147, 182-
Daleko u nama (by Vasko Popa) 288 183, 234, 238-239
Dalmatinac, Juraj 280 comparing things 40, 86, 90, 134, 159, 162-
Danii, uro 274 163, 171, 209, 210
Dates and ordinal numbers 187 days of the week 19-20, 29-30, 31, 100, 141,
Dative case 85, 87 144
consonant softening in 85 expressing emotion 38, 42, 69, 84, 102, 129,
logical subject in subjectless sentence 146 166-167, 168-169, 200, 202-203, 210, 213,
object pronouns 85, 145 234, 238-239
of possession 87 expressing opinion 40, 42, 43, 71, 81, 86, 90,
plural forms 114 104, 106, 107, 134, 147, 159, 162-163, 166-
singular forms 85 167, 168-169, 171, 172, 197, 207, 208, 209,
used for indirect object 85 228, 236-237
used to express age 187 family members and relatives 24, 47, 67, 72,
used to express feelings 85 84, 86, 90, 116, 122-124, 133, 135, 186, 220-
with javiti se 117 221, 222-223, 224-225
with nedostajati 282 food and meals 51, 56, 65, 71, 72, 86, 90, 97,
with odgovarati 87 106, 107, 141, 162-163, 197, 207, 209, 213,
with prepositions 103, 331 216-218, 228
with sviati se, dopadati se 87 friends and friendship 6-7, 28, 30, 31, 35-36,
501
Index
42, 49, 55, 69, 91, 122-124, 129, 135, 141, locative singular of 80
182-183, 186, 234, 238-239 nominative singular of 3, 36, 39
getting acquainted 1, 4-5, 6-7, 8, 10, 197, 207 nominative plural of 36
going out 63, 69, 72, 102, 106, 129, 134, 141, sample paradigms 323-324
153, 162-163, 182-183, 204-205, vocative of 20, 114
human body 129, 135, 150-151, 153, 210 Fleeting vowels 23
instructions 204-205, 216-218, 226 in the accusative case of nouns 24
letter writing 84, 88, 116, 135, 244, 246-252, in adjectives 23, 113
254-258, 260 in genitive and other cases of nouns 48
living arrangements 127, 131, 133, 204-205, Floor plan of an apartment 247
234, 238-239 Floors in a building 80
money 65, 131 Foreign names and words
months 81, 186 spelling of 5, 47
nature 220-221 Future tense 128
not feeling well 84, 90, 150-151, 220-221, and the preposition na 128
222-223, 224-225 and word order 128
numbers 49, 51, 63, 177-178, 182-183, 186, exact future 187
188, 190-191, 192, 193-194, 202-203, 216- of ima and nema 143
218, 222-223, 226 Full forms of object pronouns 22
possession 2-3, 28, 41, 49, 55, 91, 121 accusative case 22
profession and jobs 67, 165, 166-167, 168- genitive case 50
169, 171, 202-203, 208 dative-locative case 85
shopping 24, 26-27, 182-183, 190-191, 192 instrumental case 98
situating objects 53, 56-57, 79, 88, 89, 117, Full forms of auxiliaries
120, 154, 177-178, 216-218 with conditional 198
student life 19, 31, 53, 65, 81, 90, 92, 104, with future 128, 130
107, 113, 115, 116, 119, 127, 131, 144, 153, Gavran, Miro 62, 301-309
154, 177-178, 190, 236-237 Gender 3
telling time 65, 66, 67, 69, 72, 220-221, 222- in nouns of professions and nationalities 7
223 in personal pronouns 3
time 81, 100, 104, 134, 177-178, 186, 188, suffixes and gender 105
222-223, 224-225 Genitive case 48, 50, 64, 66
travel 56, 67, 72, 100, 106, 122-124, 127, 141, after adverbs of measure 64
150-151, 186, 204-205, 213, 222-223, 224- after bojati se 66
225, 226, 234, 238-239 after ima 66
use of vi 4-5, 26, 38, 51, 168-169, 197, 200, after nema 50
204-205, 207, 208, 236 after numbers 52, 64
weather 220-221, 224-225, 234 after pointer words 54
where someone is from 47, 67, 234, 238-239 fleeting vowels in 48
fakultet 66 in phrases of time 68, 187
Father, colloquial words 133 instead of accusative object 52
Feminine nouns 3, 323-324 logical subject in subjectless sentence 146
accusative plural of 39 meaning of 50
accusative singular of 20, 39 of possession 54
and the counting form 179 object pronouns 50, 145
and numbers 179 partitive meaning 52, 66
collectives in -ad 185 plural forms 64
dative singular of 85 possible accent shifts 48
dative-locative-instrumental plural of 114 singular forms 48
denoting professions and nationalities 7, 164- used in expressing comparison 164
165 with prepositions 50, 54, 118, 331
ending in a consonant 39, 98, 324 with ticati se 66
form in irregular plurals 115 Geography questions
genitive plural of 64 Bosnia-Herzegovina 61
genitive singular of 48 capital cities 34
instrumental singular of 98 country and region names 12
502
Index
Croatia 96 used in giving instructions 218
Montenegro 78 variant spellings of in future tense 128
rivers 46 Instrumental case 98, 101
Serbia 78 consonant softening in 98, 114
gledati expressing means of communication 117
full paradigm (type 1) 333 in adverbial expressions 101
Glossaries of pronouns 98
Abbreviations and symbols used in the plural forms 114
glossaries 389 singular forms 98
BCS-English 391-452 used to express means 105
English-BCS 453-496 with a second object 167
How to use the BCS glossary 385-387 with baviti se 167
How to use the English glossary 388 with initi 167
-god (particle) 283 with prepositions 99, 101, 118, 331
Gospoica (by Ivo Andri) 167 with smatrati 167
Grades (marks in school) 145 Interrogative, see Pronouns, Pronominal
Grammar terms (BCS forms of) 262, 266, 268 adjectives, Questions
Guide for Teachers xiii Introducing oneself 198
Guide for Students xii Invitations and paying 142
hajde 103 Irregular plurals
historija vs. istorija, povijest 263 body part names 152
hteti [E] htjeti [J] 66 plural form / singular meaning 80
as future auxiliary 128 singular form / plural meaning 115
full paradigms 338 istorija vs. historija, povijest 263
meaning want 66, 130 ita 98
negated forms 66, 130 It is ... sentences 54
Ijekavian xvii, 21 iznajmiti vs. unajmiti 132
and past tense forms 143 jao 133
and the number two 52 javiti se 117
in Montenegrin 139, 296 je (3rd sg of biti) 143
in Serbian 21, 139 and ju 21, 143
spelling of -dj- 96 and word order 86, 143, 145
words ending in -o 25 jedan 37
ima and nema 66, 143 jedan drugi 164, 237
Imperative 103 je li, jel, jelda, jelte 133
forms and usage 103 jesti 54
in politeness formulas 27 full paradigm (type 13) 337
meaning expressed by infinitive 218 Jesenje vee A. G. Mato 277
negative imperative 101 joj (exclamation) 133
Imperfect tense 189, 265 ju (alternate fem.sg. accusative)
Imperfective see under Aspect existence of 21
Impersonal sentences 219 usage in past tense 143
relation to passive 219 Judita (by Marko Maruli) 285
past tense of 219 kad 203, 206
Inclinational see under se-verbs kahva vs. kafa 216
Indefinite articles in English Karadi, Vuk Stefanovi 295
and short adjectives 37 kazivati
Indirect discourse 201 full paradigm (type 8b) 335
Infinitives Kinship terms 68
and formation of passive participles 160 Klju / Key to A exercises 367-382
and formation of past tense 82, 143 ko vs. tko 2, 83
and the future tense 128, 134 koji (usage in relative clauses) 180, 206
endings 21 paradigmatic forms 326
optionally expressed as da + present tense 21, kolodvor 132
69, 134 Kora (by Vasko Popa) 288, 299
role in determining verb type 142 Kosovo, boundaries of 12
503
Index
Kozari, Ivan 279 dative-locative-instrumental plural of 114
krenuti denoting professions and nationalities 7, 164
full paradigm (type 7) 335 165
Krlea, Miroslav 110 genitive singular of 48
kum, kuma 357 genitive plural of 64
kupovati 25 instrumental singular of 98
full paradigm (type 8a) 335 locative singular of 80
L-participle 143 nominative plural of 7, 36, 39, 41
in conditional 198 nominative singular of 3, 36, 39
in forming the past tense 82-83, 143 sample paradigms 323
neuter form in subjectless past tense 146 sound shifts in plural 41, 114
laku no 38 vocative case of 20, 114
Lali, Mihailo 295 Mato, Antun Gustav 263, 277, 279, 283
Latin alphabet Mealtimes 65
chart 315 Menu 164
introduction to 1 moi 27, 101
li 3 Montenegrin
and word order 86, 130, 145 characteristic features 295, 296
Locative case 80 ijekavian pronunciation 21, 139, 296
consonant softening in 83 independence 87
in adjectives 80 language standardization 87
of pronouns 85 learning 296
plural forms 114 policy towards in this book 87
singular forms 80 spelling conventions 96
with prepositions 80, 83, 331 vocabulary 296
Logical subject 146 Montenegro
Long forms cultural heritage 295
see also under Full forms, Short and long map 78
forms Months
verb: present tense of biti 7 names of 82
pronouns (used for emphasis) 37 specifying a date in 187
of conditional auxiliary 198 morati 101
of adjective when one replaces noun 37 Mother, colloquial words for 133
Longer forms 54 Motion
Lord, Albert 296 adverbs of direction 64, 105
Ljepotica i zvijer Ferida Durakovi 261 motion verbs and aspect 66, 103
Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharem motion vs. location in preposition usage 80
Bazdulj 62, 347-357 sitting down, standing up, etc. 170
ljudi (singular of) 36 towards a persons residence 103
Maksimovi, Desanka 272, 273, 281, 299-300 verbs of transport 101, 103, 152
Maps na vs. u 66, 80
of the region (frontispiece) Na rubu pameti (by M. Krlea) 110
blank map 13 naj- 160
of Bosnia and Herzegovina: the Federation and Names
Republika Srpska 61 see under Personal names; Professions and
of Croatia 95 nationalities
of Montenegro 78 Na Drini uprija (by Ivo Andri) 167
of Serbia 78 Narrative structure 235, 265
Maruli, Marko 285 ne 20, 39
Masculine nouns 3, 323 nedostajati 282
accusative singular of 20, 22, 24 Negation 20, 39
added syllables in plural 7, 39 and the future tense 130
and animacy 22, 24 and the imperative 101
and the counting form 179 and the past tense 143
and numbers 179 and the present tense 20
dative singular of 85 in conjunctions 70
504
Index
in prepositional phrases 132 group numbers (dvoje, dvojica etc.) 185
in questions 70, 130 in naming months 187
of entire sentence 39 in naming years 187
of hteti [E] htjeti [J] 130 jedan drugi 164, 237, 259
of moi and morati 101 one 37, 52, 179
of pronouns 70 ordinals (1st, 2d. etc.) 83, 187, 188
parallels with English double negation 70 ordinals in dates 187, 188
nego 164 stating age using ordinal numbers 187
neka 103 telling time 66, 222
nema 50, 66, 143 two, three, four 52, 179
nemati 20 Njego, Prince Bishop Petar Petrovi 295
nemoj 101 Oiju tvojih da nije Vasko Popa 287
slang usage of 103 odgovarati (usage with dative) 87
Neuter nouns 3, 323 odnosno 178
accusative plural of 39 olovka, hemijska [B,S] kemijska [C] 104
accusative singular of 20 Osam malih pria o mojoj eni David
added syllables in plural 39, 115 Albahari 62, 341-345
and the counting form 179 one see also under Numbers
and numbers 179 as indefinite article 37
collectives 185 as impersonal subject 219
dative singular of 85 one another 117, 164, 237, 259
dative-locative-instrumental plural of 114 osoba 36
form in irregular plural 80 ovo je 5
genitive plural of 64 Pamtiu sve (by Desanka Maksimovi) 300
genitive singular of 48 Paradigms
instrumental singular of 98 conjugation, types 1-16 333-339
locative singular of 80 demonstrative pronominal adjectives 327
nominative plural of 36, 39 descriptive adjectives 325-326
nominative singular of 3, 36, 114 feminine nouns in -a 324
sample paradigms 323 feminine nouns in a consonant 324
with added syllable -et 115 interrogative pronouns and words derived from
noga 150 them 329
Nominative case 20 masculine animate nouns 323
consonant softening in 41, 114 masculine inanimate nouns 323
plural forms 7, 36, 39 neuter nouns 323
singular forms 3, 20, 36, 48 personal names 325
subject pronouns 3 personal pronouns, singular and plural 329
nositi possessive pronominal adjectives 328
full paradigm (type 2) 333 prepositions 331
Notturno Tin Ujevi 280 pronominal adjectives 326
Nouns Parry, Milman 296, 300
see under Masculine nouns; Neuter nouns; Participles
Feminine nouns; Verbal nouns see under L-participle, Passive participle
Numbers 52, 179-180, 184-185 Particles
agreement with 179, 184 -god 283
approximative numbers (desetak, etc.) 180 li 130, 145
as subject of sentence 64, 184-185 naj- 160
both 52 ne 20, 39
cardinals (1, 2 etc.) 179 se 1, 83, 117, 130, 145, 219
collective nouns 185 zar 70
compound numbers (21, 22 etc.) 64, 179, 188 Passive participles 160, 219, 222
counting form 52, 179, 185 in passive sentences 219
counting on ones fingers 64 Passive sentences 83, 219
5 and above 64 and active sentences 218-219
followed by genitive plural 64, 179 and impersonal sentences 219
fractions 180 formed with passive participles 219
505
Index
formed with se 83, 219 Belgrade xix, 46, 66, 69, 82, 112, 132, 181,
Past tense 82-83, 143, 265 199, 255, 289
and aorist and imperfect 189, 265 Novi Sad 161, 258
and past verbal adverbs 185 Petrovaradin fortress 258
and word order 143, 145 Studenica monastery 257
in phrase once upon a time 148 umadija countryside 25
L-participle in formation of 82, 143, 184, 185 Photographs, signs
presence / absence of auxiliary 143 6 Katarinin Trg 54
of ima and nema 143 12 Gajeva ulica 50
of impersonal sentences 219 14 Radieva ulica 50
of subjectless sentences 146 Apoteka 170
Perfective aspect see under Aspect Autobusni kolodvor 205, 223
person, people 36 Boje i lakove 37
Personal names Bolnica 223
addressing people (vocative) 20 Centar za socijalnu skrb 39
B, C, S names for use in class 317 Dobro doli 198
case endings of 37, 52, 325 Domai odlazak 143
ending in -ski, -ska 52 Dozvoljeno zaustavljanje ... 201
masculine names ending in a vowel 52 Dravni arhiv u Dubrovniku 80
sample paradigms 325 Frizer za ene i mukarce 40
spelling of 5 Galerija struna literatura ... 208
with added syllable -et 115 Gotov je! 159
Photographs, Bosnia and Herzegovina Gradska kavana 205
Bosnian trains 225 Gradski parking 205
Jajce 265 Hrvatsko farmaceutsko ... 169
Mostar 265 Industrijska zona 223
Neretva river 23, 265 Informacije 254
Sarajevo xix, 114, 142, 173, 181, 189,199, Izlaz 143
245, 263 Izrada kljueva ... 73
steak 270 jesen/zima 2005 178
Photographs, Croatia Kruh, burek, peciva ... 98
Dalmatian village 252 Meunarodni dolazak 143
Dubrovnik 69, 281, 285 Meunarodni odlazak 143
islands off the Dalmatian coast 269 Molimo zatvorite vrata 184
Rab 23 Odvjetnica, Odvjetnik 167
Rijeka 231 Oprez! Pada buka 128
Slavonian village 250 Osim na ploniku 116
Split 161, 253 Otvoreno 0-24 184
ibenik 280 Papirnica 27
Zagreb xix, 70, 105, 118, 132, 146, 161, 181, Peenje, jela po porudbi ... 87
199, 205, 249, 253, 279 Pjeaci 66
Photographs, miscellaneous Prodaja karata kod vozaa 205
bus and tram tickets 99 Prodavaonica 184
Code of Laws, Emperor Duan 291 Prodavnica 184
Croatian 1000-dinar bill 185 Radno vrijeme pon. - pet. 170
Emperor Duan 291 Radnja 184
epic singer Murat Zuni 298 Rooseveltov trg 4 54
guslar epan Prkain 294 Sedlar i Remenar 167
poplar tree 279 Sve vie 235
Turkish coffeepot and cup 216, 217 Sve za vae oi 146
Photographs, Montenegro Sveuilite u Zagrebu 82
Bijelo Polje 139 Teslina 13 57
Boka Kotorska 85 Tisak 231
Montenegrin coast 31, 85 Trg Franklina Roosevelta 54
Montenegrin mountains 296 Trg Katarine Zrinkse 54
Photographs, Serbia Trgovina na veliko i malo 184
506
Index
Udbenici 37 toned-down requests 201
Ulaz 143 Popa, Vasko 287, 288, 299
Ulica 6. kolovoza 90 Possession
Ulica Augusta enoe 52 expressed with the dative 87
Ulica Dore Pejaevi 50 expressed with the genitive 54
Ulica Hamdije Kreevljakovia 52 expressed with prepositions 54
Ulica Ivane Brli Maurani 48 formed from names 50
Ulica Ive Tijardovia 52 pronominal adjectives 4, 50
Ulica Ljudevita Gaja 48 svoj 68
Ulica Nikole Tesle 57 povijest vs. historija, istorija 263
Ulica Pavla Radia 50 Povratak Filipa Latinovicza (by M. Krlea) 110
Univerzitet u Beogradu 82 poznavati 37
Utemeljeno 1827 219 Prefixation 146
Uvek svee meso ... 87 see also Aspect
Zabranjen pristup nezaposlenima 113 in pronouns 132
Zabranjeno je nagnuti se kroz prozor 229 Preobraenja (by A. B. imi) 269
Zabranjeno navaanje zemlje i smea 224 Prepositions 25, 118, 331
Zabranjeno parkiranje 219 and negation 132
Zabranjeno puiti 219 compound prepositions 118
Zabranjeno voenje i putanje pasa 224 in compound conjunctions 206
Zauzeto 173 in paradigms 331
Zgrada 80 predicting following case 118
Znanje 168 review of 118, 331
pisati tricky translation of 40
full paradigm (type 5) 334 vs. conjunctions 206
piti 54 with the accusative case 20, 25, 66, 128
full paradigm (type 6) 335 with the dative case 103
Piurica, Stanko 292-294, 295, 300 with the genitive case 50, 54, 118
Place names, see also Spelling with the instrumental case 99, 101, 118
spelling of 47, 61 with the locative case 80, 83
plaiti se 147 Present tense 1, 21
Plurals accent shifts in 48
accusative 39, 114 and the present verbal adverb 180
dative-locative-instrumental 114 corresponding to English present perfect 101
genitive 64 role in determining verb type 142
irregular: singular meaning 80 Professions and nationalities 7
irregular: singular form 115 names of professionals, about 164
nominative 7, 36, 39, 114 names of professions, chart 165
of adjectives 36 Prokleta avlija (by Ivo Andri) 167
Poems Pronominal adjectives
Bio jednom jedan lav Duan Radovi demonstrative (ovaj etc.) 5, 23, 327
149 interrogative (koji, iji etc.) 41, 326
Jesenje vee A. G. Mato 277 possessive 4, 50, 68, 328
Ljepotica i zvijer Ferida Durakovi 261 possessives formed from personal names 50
Notturno Tin Ujevi 280 sample paradigms 326-328
Oiju tvojih da nije Vasko Popa 287 Pronouns, indefinite 132
Sibinjanin Janko... Stanko Piurica 292- formed by prefixes ne-, i, sva- 132
294 paradigms of 329
Vee na kolju Aleksa anti 267 Pronouns, interrogative
Za lai izgovorene iz milosra Desanka accusative case 50
Maksimovi 290 dative case 85
Zemlja A. B. imi 264 genitive case 50
Pointer words 54 instrumental case 98
Politeness formulas locative case 83
using the conditional 198 negated with preposition (e.g. ni o emu) 132
imperatives in addressing people 27 nominative case 2, 50
507
Index
paradigms of 329 as reflexive 130
Pronouns, personal se-merger in the past tense 143
accusative case 21, 22, 50 with verbs 83, 117, 130, 219
and word order rules 86, 143 se-verbs 130
clitic forms of 21, 22, 85 in impersonal sentences 130, 219
dative-locative case 85 intransitive 83, 130
full forms of 22, 50, 85, 98 inclinational 103, 130, 146
genitive case 50 non-causative 130
instrumental case 98 passive 83, 130, 219
long (full) form used for emphasis 37 related to transport 101
object pronouns 21, 22, 85 with reciprocal meaning 117, 130, 237
paradigms of 329 with reflexive meaning 130
reflexive pronouns 85 Self-study learners
subject pronouns 3 advice for 27, 82, 98, 131, 154, 162, 169, 198,
vi vs. ti 2, 27, 198, 250 203, 205, 207, 218, 229
Pronouns, other definition of 5
niko [B,S] nikto [C], nita 132 exercises for 5, 8, 27, 36, 55, 68, 90, 120, 131,
sam, samo, sama 86 135, 154, 173, 218, 229, 234, 240, 242
sav, sve, svi 41, 237 Serbia
Pronunciation cultural history 292
and spelling 1, 128 map 78
of alphabet letters 48 present-day cultural life 111
Questions 3 Serbian
in the future tense 130 accusative pronouns in 21
turned into statements 50 alphabet use in 1, 58
when expecting a negative answer 70 aorist use in 189
yes-no 3 ekavian in 21
with da li and li 3, 130 form of in this book 21, 69, 134
Question words 2, 48, 64 ijekavian in 21, 139
and conjunctions 48 infinitive meaning, expression of 21, 69, 101,
Radovi, Duan 111, 126, 140, 149, 158, 176, 134
196, 214, 232 introductions 198
Reading passages longer adjectives in 54
Desanka Maksimovi 291 prepositions, specific form and usage of 54,
Epska poezija 295-296 99, 147
Mala Mara i njene ivotinje 74 question formation in 3
Mato i Ujevi 283 spelling of foreign names in 5, 47, 192
Nastanak i nestanak 269 spelling rules shared with B 130
Vasko Popa 288 spelling rules specific to 128
Reciprocal meaning use of trebati in 164, 170
expressed with se 117 vocabulary shared with B (but not C) 2, 7, 23,
expressed with jedan drugi 164, 237, 259 38, 64, 70, 82, 103, 104, 105, 132, 164-165,
Reflexive verbs 130 179, 184, 185
Refusing an offer for food politely 207 vocabulary shared with C (but not B) 68, 184
Relative clauses 180, 206 vocabulary specific to 7, 68, 70, 103, 128,
Review see also Paradigms 133, 152, 128, 263
of nouns and adjectives 113, 115 Short and long forms
of prepositions 118 in adjectives 5, 25, 37, 39
of verbs 142, 229 in dative and locative personal pronouns 85
ruka 150 in instrumental pronouns 98
S.A.D. 48 long form pronouns for emphasis 37
sam, sama, samo 86 of biti 2, 7
sav, sve, svi 41, 237 of conditional auxiliary 198
Schools in shifts 72 when the word one replaces a noun 37
se (particle) Sibinjanin Janko ... Stanko Piurica 292-
and word order rules 1, 86, 145 294
508
Index
Singer of Tales (by Albert Lord) 296 impersonal subjectless sentences 219
-ski, -ska 52 past tense of 146
slavenski vs. slovenski 128 Suffixation 146
slovenski vs. slovenaki 128 see also under Aspect
smatrati (usage with instrumental) 167 aspect derivation 146
smeti [E] smjeti [J] 187 comparison of adjectives 160-161, 163
Soccer teams 140 passive participles 160, 222
Soft consonants past verbal adverb 185, 222
and adjective endings 48, 80 present verbal adverb 180, 222
Softening of consonants 163 verbal nouns 152
before dative singular endings 85 Superlatives see under Comparatives
before dative-locative-instrumental plural steak images 269
endings 114 stopalo 150
before instrumental singular endings 98 sve, svi 237
before locative singular endings 83 sviati se (usage with dative) 87, 146
before nominative plural endings 41 svoj 68
before passive participle endings 160 aka 150
before verbal noun ending 152 anti, Aleksa 267, 269
before vocative case endings 114 imi, A. B. 264, 269
forming comparative adjectives 163 ta [B,S] to [C] (pronouns) 2, 83
something 132 to (conjunction) 132, 187
Spelling tei
capitalization of words for you 250 full paradigm (type 15a) 337
names of weekdays 25 televizor / televizija 183
of -dj- vs -- 96 Temperature comparison Celsius and Fahren-
of foreign place names 47 heit 258
of infinitive + clitic in future tense 128 ticati se (usage with genitive) 66
of personal names 5 Tickets for public transportation 99, 204-205
of the preposition s 54, 99 Time expressions 83
usage of spacing for emphasis 111 and the future 128
Srce tame (by Ferida Durakovi) 269 bio jednom ... 148
stanica 132 days of the week 20, 25
Stari zavjet (Old Testament) 274 months of the year 83, 187
stati 237 naming the year 188
stii of the clock 66, 222
full paradigm (type 15b) 338 using the accusative 83, 128
stomak 150 using the genitive 68, 83
Store, words for 184 using the instrumental 101
Stories using the locative 83
Ljubav na panjolski nain Muharem with the preposition na + Acc 128
Bazdulj 347-357 with the preposition u + Acc 20, 66, 83, 222
Mala Mara i njene ivotinje 74 with ve 83, 101
Osam malih pria o mojoj eni David tko vs. ko 2
Albahari 341-345 Transitive and intransitive 83, 218-219
Pingvin Charlie Hanna Kraatz, B. Kolar Travnika hronika (by Ivo Andri) 167
234 Traim pomilovanje (by Desanka Maksimovi)
U zagrljaju rijeke Miro Gavran 301-309 291, 300
strah 147 trbuh 150
Street names, see Photographs trebati
Subject in meaning need 164, 170
pronouns frequently omitted 3 in meaning ought 187
relative conjunction koji as 180 in giving instructions 218
koji as other than subject 206 tresti
Subjectless sentences 146 full paradigm (type 14) 337
English it is.. sentences 54 Tricky translations
expressing a state 85 alergian na 40
509
Index
jugoslavenski 128 trebati 164, 170, 187, 218
jugoslovenski 128 uzeti 54
misliti na 40 valjati 187
nedostajati 282 voditi 101, 103, 152
nezavisnost 188 voziti 101, 103, 152
noga 150 zvati se 1
odnosno 178 Verbs, general 1, 142
ruka 150 aorist and imperfect 189, 265
samostalnost 188 aspect see under Aspect
slovenaki 128 conditional 198
slavenski 128 conjugations by type 333-339
slovenski 128 future tense 128, 130
stomak 150 imperative 101, 103
trbuh 150 infinitive 21, 218
zna se 227 L-participle 143
eludac 150 negated 20
u vs. na 66, 80 of body position 170
U zagrljaju rijeke Miro Gavran 62, 301- of motion 66, 145
309 passive participle 160
Ujevi, Tin 280, 283 past tense 82-83, 143
umeti [E] umjeti [J] possible accent shifts 48
full paradigms (type 12) 336-337 present tense 1, 2, 7, 21
unajmiti vs. iznajmiti 131 past verbal adverb 185, 221-222
ue 112 present verbal adverb 180, 221-222
uzeti 54 verbal nouns 152
full paradigm (type 11) 336 videti [E] vidjeti [J]
valjati 187 full paradigms (type 3) 334
vee [B,S] veer [C] 263 Vocabulary lists
Vee na kolju Aleksa anti 267 adjectives in 25, 39, 113
ve 83, 101 adverbs in 37
Verb types 142, 359-366 and fleeting vowels 24
full conjugations 333-339 [B,C,S] notation in 23
use in forming L-participle 143 organization of xv-xvi
use in forming passive participles 160 verbal aspect in 25
use in predicting aspect partners 145-146 verbs in 21, 25
Verbal adverbs 180, 185, 222 Vocative case 20, 114
Verbal nouns 152 vozdra (slang form of zdravo) 355
Verbs, specific vrata 80
biti 2, 7, 54, 143, 180, 198 Wedding customs 357
hteti [E] htjeti [J] 66 what ( = the fact that) 132
ima and nema 66, 143 where 64, 105
in -ovati 25 Word order 86, 145
jesti 54 and clitic sequences 86, 145
kupovati 25 and the particle se 1
meaning like and love 87 in the future 128, 130
meaning ought, might, may 187 in the past tense 145
meaning want 66, 130 you (singular and plural) 2, 198, 250
moi 27 Za lai izgovorene iz milosra Desanka
nositi 101, 103, 152 Maksimovi 290
of body position 170 Zakonik Cara Duana 292
of transport 101, 103 152 zar (particle) 70
piti 54 zdravo 1
poznavati 37 Zemlja A. B. imi 264
se-verbs 1, 66, 103, 117, 130, 167 zna se 227
smeti [E] smjeti [J] 187 zvati se 1
stati 237 eludac 150
510
Index

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Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian,

With Exercises and

The University of Wisconsin Press

Copyright 2006, 2010

Printed in the United States of America

The Library of Congress has cataloged the first edition as follows:

Second edition ISBNs: 978-0-299-23654-0 (pbk.: alk. paper) 978-0-299-23653-3 (e-book)

Publication of this book has been made possible in part by a grant

Prva lekcija Lesson One

Druga lekcija Lesson Two

Trea lekcija Lesson Three

etvrta lekcija Lesson Four

Peta lekcija Lesson Five

Sedma lekcija Lesson Seven

Osma lekcija Lesson Eight

Deveta lekcija Lesson Nine

Deseta lekcija Lesson Ten

Jedanaesta lekcija Lesson Eleven

Dvanaesta lekcija Lesson Twelve

etrnaesta lekcija Lesson Fourteen

Petnaesta lekcija Lesson Fifteen

esnaesta lekcija Lesson Sixteen

Sedamnaesta lekcija Lesson Seventeen

Devetnaesta lekcija Lesson Nineteen

Dvadeseta lekcija Lesson Twenty

Abbreviations used in the Appendices 313

specific assignments and guidelines for self-study students

Preface to the First Edition

Guide for students

Guide for teachers

Optimum use of the exercises and drills

Organization of the lessons

Designation of differing forms

Organization of vocabulary boxes within lessons

Unaccented words and clitics

A1 1,2 [See p. 383]

a and, but prvi, prvo, prva first

Bosnian Croatian Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

auto car olovka pencil

TA JE OVO? [B,S] TO JE OVO? [C]

Bosnian Croatian Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

Bosnian Croatian Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

dan day na hrvatskom in Croatian

* Spelling of proper names *

ali but jesam [I] am (emphatic)

* The verb to be, continued *

* Plural of masculine nouns *

* Vocabulary differences, continued *

Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

Bosnian Croatian Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

Example: Kako (ona)? (Sanja) becomes Kako se zove? Zove se Sanja.

Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Latin Serbian Cyrillic

2. Kako ........ (oni)? 2. ao ........ (o)?

3. Kako ....... (mi)? 3. ao ........ ()?

4. Kako ........ (on)? 4. ao ........ (o)?

5. Kako ........ (vi)? 5. ao ........ ()?

2. Ko je taj ovjek? 2. Tko je taj ovjek?

3. ta sam ja? 3. to sam ja?

4. ta sam ja? 4. to sam ja?

5. Ko ste vi? 5. Tko ste vi?

6. Ko ste vi? 6. Tko ste vi?

pas prijatelj on profesorica ore to ste