Solutions

COMPLEX NUMBERS
Ex. 2(B)
Q.1 (A), (C)

If vertices of an equilateral triangle are Z1 , Z2 & Z3 , then Z12 Z22 Z32 Z1Z2 Z2 Z3 Z3Z1 .
Now if Z1 & Z2 2 , then Z3 1 or 2.

Q.2 (A), (C)

Z1 Z 4
Opposite sides of rhombus are parallel, hence is purely real.
Z 2 Z3
Diagonals of a rhombus are equal in length and mutually perpendicular, hence
Z1 Z3
is purely imaginary & | Z1 Z3 | | Z2 Z4 | .
Z2 Z4
Z1 Z4 Z Z4
QS will bisect the angle between PS & RS, hence amp amp 2 .
Z2 Z4 Z3 Z 4

Q.3 (B), (C)

As the rectangle is of maximum area hence it must be a
square of side length 2 .
Now the points on |Z 3 4i| = 1 at a distance of 2
from (4, 4) are (3, 5) & (3, 3).

Q.4 (A), (D)

Minimum distance between any point on the bigger circle and
any point on the smaller circle will be equal to radius of bigger
circle diameter of smaller circle i.e. 5. Hence
Z1 Z2 min 5

Maximum distance between any point on the bigger circle and

any point on the smaller circle will be equal to radius of bigger
circle + diameter of smaller circle i.e. 25. Hence
Z1 Z2 max 25
Q.5 (A), (D)

If vertices of an equilateral triangle are Z1 , Z2 & Z3 , then Z12 Z22 Z32 Z1Z2 Z2 Z3 Z3Z1 .
Hence Z2 Z2 1 Z Z2 Z 1 Z 1 Z Z 4Z2 2Z 1 0 .
2

1 1
Z & Z .
2 4
Q.6 (B), (C)
Let locus of point P with affix Z be C(Z) and points A & B have affixes Z1& Z2.
Z Z1
C Z :
Z Z2

3 C Z : Z Z1 Z Z1 9 Z Z2 Z Z2 .
2

or C Z : 8 Z Z1 9Z 2 Z Z1 9Z 2 Z 9 Z 2 Z1 0.
2 2

Hence locus of P is a circle.

Now C Z1 9 Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2
2 2
9 Z Z Z Z or C Z 9 Z Z
1 2 1 2 1 1 2
2
0.
Hence A lies outside the locus of P.
2 2

Also C Z2 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z1Z2 Z1 Z1 Z2 Z1 Z 2 or C Z 2 Z1 Z 2 0 .
2

Hence B lies inside the locus of P.

Q.7 (A), (D)
y 1 y y
Let Z = x + yi, then as given & 3 3.
xa 3 x a x
y 1 y a 3a
Also & 3 x & y , hence |Z| = a.
xa 3 x a 2 2

Q.8 (A), (C)

3 3 2k 2k
1 cos
1/3
i cos i sin i sin , where k 0,1, 2.
2 2 3 2 3 2
3 i 3 i
or i, & .
2 2 2 2
Q.9 (B), (C)

amp Z1Z2 0 & | Z1Z2 | 1 Z2 Z1 1,

1
Also | Z1 | | Z2 | 1 Z1 Z2 or Z1 Z 2 .
Z2
Q.10 (B), (C)
2 2 2
Z12 Z22 Z1 Z2 2Z1 Z2 Z12 Z22 Z1 Z2

but | Z | | Z | , hence Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2
2

Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 as Z1 Z2 .
2 2 2

Now Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 2 Z1 Z2 Z2 Z1 & Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z1 Z 2 Z2 Z1 0

Z1 Z1 Z Z
Or 0 which implies 1 is purely imaginary and arg 1 .
Z2 Z2 Z2 Z2 2
Q.11 (A), (C), (D)

Z' Z ei & Z" Z ei Z' Z" Z2.

Hence Z, Z & Z are in G.P.

Clearly Z ' Z" Z ei e i or Z ' Z" 2Z cos .
2 2

Also Z ' Z" Z2 e 2i e 2i or Z ' Z" 2Z 2 cos 2.
2 2

Q.12 (A), (B), (C)

Z1 iZ2 Z1 Z2 Z1 iZ2 17.

Z1 1 i Z2 Z1 1 i Z2 Z1 1 i Z2 13 4 2 .

4 4 4 4
Z2 Z2 Z2 3 Z2 5.
Z2 Z2 Z2 Z2
Z1 13 13 Z1 13
Now .
4 4 5 4 3
Z2 Z2 Z2
Z2 Z2 Z2

Q.13 (A), (B), (D)

Zi / 2 m
will be a circle for all values of m except m = 2.
Z 1 2
For m = 2 this eq. will represent a straight line.
Q.14 (A), (D)

The equation arg Z represents the ray 3y x .
6

2
The equation Z 2 3 i r represents the circle x 2 y 2 3 r2 .
Solving the two equations simultaneously, we get 4y 2 4 3y 12 r 2 0 .

For this equation to have distinct real roots 48 16 12 r 2 0 or r 2 9 .
Hence r > 3 & r 2 .

Q.15 (B), (C)

1 1 1 1
Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z2 Z1 0 .
Z2 Z1 Z2 Z1
Z1 Z1 Z
Or 0 1 is purely imaginary .
Z2 Z2 Z2

Hence POQ .
2
Triangle OPQ is right angled with PQ as hypotenuse.
Z Z2
Circum center will be midpoint of PQ i.e. 1 .
2
Q.16 (A), (C), (D)
5
AM 10 & ACM CA
4
sin
4
or radius 5 2.
Also coordinates of M are (1, -1).
Now slope of CM is 4/3 and CM = 5.
3 4
Coordinates of C will be 1 5 , 1 5 i.e. 4,3 or
5 5
3 4
1 5 , 1 5 i.e. 2, 5 .
5 5
3 15
Length of arc APB = 5 2 i.e. .
2 2

Q.17 (A), (B), (C), (D)

Let 5 12i x iy, then x 2 y2 5 & 2xy 12.

x
2
Now x 2 y2 2
y2 4x 2 y2 13 x 3 & y 2, but xy 0, hence 5 12i 3 2i & 3 2i.

Similarly let 5 12i x iy, then x 2 y2 5 & 2xy 12.

x
2
Now x 2 y2 2
y2 4x 2 y2 13 x 2 & y 3, but xy 0, hence 5 12i 2 3i & 2 3i.

Now possible values of Z 5 12i 5 12i 5 1 i , 1 i, 5 1 i & 1 i.

3 3
Possible values of Arg Z , , , .
4 4 4 4
COMPREHENSION TYPE
Paragraph I
2 2 2
Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z2 Z1.

Q.1 (b)
2 2 2
Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z2 Z1 0, hence Z1 Z2 is purely imaginary.

Q.2 (b)

Z1 Z1 Z
Z1 Z2 Z2 Z1 0 0, hence 1 is purely imaginary.
Z2 Z2 Z2

Q.3 (c)
Z1 Z
As is purely imaginary therefore i 1 is purely real.
Z2 Z2

Q.4 (c)

Z1 Z
As is purely imaginary therefore arg 1 i.e. arg Z1 arg Z2 .
Z2 Z2 2

Paragraph II

1 i sin cos 2 2sin

Z Z i
1 i sin 1 sin 1 sin 2
2

Q.5 (c)
2sin
If Z is purely real, then 0 n.
1 sin 2
Q.6 (d)

cos 2
If Z is purely imaginary, then 0 2n 1 .
1 sin
2
2
Q.7 (d)

2
Z 1 cos 4 4sin 2 1 sin 2 or cos 2 sin 2 1.
Hence Z is unimodular for all real values of .

Q.8 (d)
2sin
arg Z tan or sin 2 2sin 1 0.
4 cos
2
4

Now sin 2 2sin 1 0 gives n 1 sin 1 1 2 .
n

Paragraph III

4 4 4 4 4
Z Z Z Z 2 & Z 2.
Z Z Z Z Z
4 2
Now Z 2 Z 2 Z 4 0, which is true for all Z .
Z
4 2 2
Similarly 2 Z 2 Z 2 Z 4 0 & Z 2 Z 4 0.
Z
Q.9 (a)
5 1 Z 5 1.
Hence the difference in least & the greatest values of |Z| is 2.
Q.10 (b)
2
4
2
4 16 Z Z Z2 Z
Z 2 Z 2 4 4 4 Z 4 2 4 2 4 0
2

Z Z Z Z Z Z Z

4
2

But for greatest & least Z , Z Z

4
2
Z2 Z
2

. Hence 2 2 2 i.e.
2 Re Z2
2.

2
Z Z Z Z Z

2
or Re Z2 Z cos 2 1 or & 0.

Z
Now arg 1 arg Z1 arg Z2 .
Z2
Q.11 (b)

Z Z1 Z Z2 Z
5 1 Z
5 1 .

Hence locus of Z will be the line passing through

5, 0 and parallel to the Imaginary axis.

Paragraph IV
1
0
y 2 or x y 1.
Let Z = x + iy so that P(Z) be (x, y), then
x 1 1 1
2
Now Z 1 x y 2ixy .
2 2 2

Q.12 (a)

h ki, then Z2 1 h ki x 2 y2 h 1, 2xy k & x y 1 x 2 y2 1 k.

Now 2x 2 h k & 2y2 2 h k

h 12 2 k
1
4x 2 y 2 k 2 h k 2 h k k 2 or
2
1
Hence locus of ( is the parabola x 1 2 y .
2

Q.13 (c)

1
Locus of m is x 1 2 y , whose axis is x = 1 i.e. Z Z 2 .
2

Q.14 (b)

1
Locus of m is x 1 2 y , whose directrics is y = 1 i.e. Z Z 2i .
2

ASSERTION REASONING TYPE

Q.1 (A)
Greatest possible value of principal argument of any complex number is , hence
arg Z1Z2 2 Arg Z1 Arg Z2 .
Hence both the statements are true & statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement I.
Q.2 (C)

3, if n 3m
Standard concept : 1 n 2n , hence statement 2 is false.
0, otherwise

Now P x x 3 x 2 x x 1 x x 2 x x x 2 , hence roots of P x are 0, & 2 .

Now let Q x 1 x 1 x n , then

n

Q 1 1 n or Q 2
n n
1 n .

As n is odd int eger & not a multiple of 3, hence Q 1 n 2n 0 .

Similarly Q 2 0 & Q 0 0.
Hence P(x) divides Q(x) and statement 1 is true.
Q.3 (D)
2 2 2

Now Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 2 Z1 Z2 Z2 Z1 & Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2 Z1 Z 2 Z2 Z1 0

Z1 Z1 Z Z
Or 0 which implies 1 is purely imaginary and arg 1 .
Z2 Z2 Z2 Z2 2
Hence the triangle AOB is right angled at O.
 Z Z2
Now the point P 1 is midpoint of AB, hence its circumcenter.
2
Q.4 (D)
Statement 2 is a standard property of an ellipse.
Equation of an ellipse having S Z1 &S' Z2 as foci and major axis = 2a is
Z Z1 Z Z2 2a .
But for the given equation distance between (1, 0) & (8, 0) is more than 5, but in ellipse distance
between foci is less than the major axis.
Statement 1 is false.
Q.5 (A)

If 1, , 2 , . . . , n 1 represent n roots of unity, then product of these is 1, hence statement 2 is

true.

3/5
Similarly if Z ei , then Z5 e3i . Let Zk denote roots of Z for k 0,1, 2,3, 4 , then
2k 3 2k 3 2k
i i i i
Zk e 5 or Z e 5 e5 , where e 5 denotes 5 roots of unity.
4 4 2k i 4 3 i 4
Now Zk e 5 e 5 Zk e3i i.e. cos3 i sin 3. .
k 0 k 0
k 0 k 0

Hence both the statements are true & statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement

MATRIX MATCH TYPE

Q.1 A s , B r , C p , D q
k k
(A) Z4 1 Z cos i sin for k 0,1, 2,3.
2 2

(B) Z4 1 Z cos
2k 1 i sin 2k 1 for k 0,1, 2,3.
4 4

Z4 i Z cos
4k 1 i sin 4k 1 for k 0,1, 2,3.
(C)
8 8

Z4 i Z cos
4k 1 i sin 4k 1 for k 0,1, 2,3.
(D)
8 8

Q.2 A q , B s , C p , D r
(A) P Z lies on perpendicular bisector of line segment joining A 1,0 & B 0,1 .
(B) Z Z Z Z 2 x y 1, where Z x iy.

(C) Z Z Z Z x y , where Z x iy.

2 2x 2k
(D) Let Z x iy & h ik, then h 2 &k 2 .
Z x y 2
x y2
But Z 1 x 2 y 2 1, hence h 2 k 2 4.

Q.3 A p , r ; B p , q , r , t ; C p , r , s ; D p , q , r , s , t
Let Z1 , Z2 , Z3 & Z4 represent the points A, B, C & D.

Z1 Z3 Z2 Z4
(p) Z1 Z4 Z2 Z3 , hence AC & BD i.e. diagonals bisect each other.
2 2
This property is true in case of a parallelogram, a rhombus, a rectangle or a square.

(q) Z1 Z3 Z2 Z4 AC = BD i.e. Diagonals are of equal length.

This property is true in case of a rectangle or a square.

Z1 Z2 Z Z2
(r) is purely real hence arg 1 0 or . Hence AB || CD.
Z3 Z4 Z3 Z4
This property is true in case of a parallelogram, a rhombus, a rectangle or a square.

Z1 Z3 Z Z3
(s) is purely imaginary hence arg 1 . Hence AC BD.
Z2 Z4 Z2 Z4 2
This property is true in case ofa rhombus or a square.

Z1 Z2 Z Z2
(t) is purely imaginary hence arg 1 . Hence AB BC.
Z3 Z2 Z3 Z2 2
This property is true in case ofa rectangle or a square.

Q.4 A q , r ; B p , s ; C q , s ; D p , r
(a) Z2 Z 1 0

1 1 4 1 3i
Z
2 2

Hence or
3 3

(b) Z2 Z 1 0

1 i 3
Z
2
 2 2
Hence, or
3 3

1 i 3
(c) Z2 2
2
Z or Z
2
or
3 3

1 i 3
(d) Z2 3 4
2

Z 2

2
Hence, principle values of arg (Z) are or
3 3