STUDY OF PREVALANCE OF DM AND HPN FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND

TREATMENT
 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A human being, such as an individual, has certain attributes and capabilities comprising
ones personhood. We have the capacity to learn new things, discover the uses of whats around
us, control our everyday lifestyle, being the one in charge of what we eat and being the one
responsible for our own health and hygiene. Despite of these amazing traits of being a human
being, unfortunately, we are not made perfect. We are all prone to diseases, not that all are
treatable and curable but some people experience disorders, continuing to suffer knowing that it
wont be cured. Some diseases even run on genetics, which makes other people suffer in their
own nature.

One of the most relevant diseases around the locality, or even out of the country, is
Diabetes. It is a metabolic disease in which the body is unable to produce enough or any insulin,
causes the glucose in the blood elevate. There are three major types of Diabetes. By far, the first
two types of it is the most common disease that is diagnosed. The person who has diabetes have
the following symptoms; usually feels very hungry and thirsty, extreme fatigue, blurry vision,
cuts and bruises are slow to heal, may feel tingling pain and numbness in hands or feet and
experiencing weight loss. Extending further, these are not the only struggle diabetic people
experience. Some people undergo Hypertension, or having high blood pressure. The relationship
of the two can affect people in many different ways, negative or positive way.

Diabetes and Hypertension is not curable yet treatable. In fact, if the diagnosis of the two
relating diseases are early, it is preventable in a
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The research aimed to determine the total Diabetic and hypertensive patients in Ilocos
Sur Provincial Hospital.

Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:

1. What municipality has the highest number of patients of Diabetes/Hypertension?

2. What municipality has the lowest number of patients of Diabetes/Hypertension?

3. What is the total number of patients of Diabetes and Hypertension in the whole province of
Ilocos Sur?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The research specifically helps not only knowing the total population of the diabetic and
hypertensive patients in the province of Ilocos Sur but also helping the patients in its early
diagnosis for prevention. This can help in avoiding unnecessary expenses and will further help in
the prevention of some disorders that these diseases can cause if no treated early. Intellectually,
this can help the people in boosting their perceptual abilities regarding this matter.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This research study is focused to determine the total population of diabetic and
hypertensive patients in the province of Ilocos Sur.

The recorded data are retrieved from Department of Health, Provincial DOH Office from
the time the sample was given. The study was conducted from January 2017.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The study made use of the research model illustrated below:

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Total Population of Diabetic

Diabetes Mellitus and
.
And Hypertensive Patients Hypertension

In Ilocos Sur

Figure 1. The Research Paradigm

The research study theorized that the total population of patients in Ilocos Sur will yield
in determining the population of diabetic and hypertensive patients in the entire municipality in
Ilocos Sur.

OPERTIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

Diabetes, a metabolic disease in which the body is unable to produce enough or any insulin,
causes the glucose in the blood elevate.

Fatigue. The state of being very tired.

Hypertension. A high blood pressure.

RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

Based on the problems identified, the following hypotheses were formulated:

Null Hypothesis

1. There are no municipality in Ilocos Sur that has Diabetic and Hypertensive patients.

Alternative Hypothesis

2. Majority of the municipality in Ilocos Sur have Diabetic and Hypertensive patients.

ASSUMPTIONS
 METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents a comprehensive discussion of the research design and methods that
were used , population sample date, gathering instruments and procedure and statistical treatment
of data.

RSEARCH DESIGN

This study made use of the developmental method of research in which the researchers
retrieved the data from a certain location.

POPULATION AND SAMPLING

The respondents of this study were all the diabetic and hypertensive patients in the entire
municipalities of the province Ilocos Sur. ]

DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT

The tool used in gathering data is in the form of an Administrative Data, in which data are
collected as a result of an organization's day-to-day operations.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The formulation of letters of approval was all done by the researcher and was referred to
the research adviser and the principal in-charge of the school. After which, the data were
acquired in the Department of Health, an on going administrative data in the year 2017.
STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

In the treatment of the data gathered, the following statistical tools were used to answer
the problems raised by this study:

Frequency count. This was used to determine the number of the respondents from different
municipalities.

T-test. This was employed to determine the population of Diabetic and Hypertensive patients
from the 1st Quarter up to the last diagnosis of data.