JIBA HAJITPOBHA CIIOMEHHKA KO], BAJEIOF MPAMOPA WM AOKAIHO MWPEXAE Tejan Bemuh Beorpa, Anerpaxt: Ipuauxos pexosnocuupara Mepena, y oGaaciau JIpobwaxa na ceaepy Upne Tope, tipunehena cy dea ctuichka (xpcitiana u caudyk) 00 cada nay4no neo6pabena Kod soKaano? cilanoenuuiTiea, Ka Uy elinozpadrcKoj auidepataypu, Mociuoje tipedara sesana Kako 20 cane cllomenuxe, Wako U 3a oKOAHE MomontKe. Kayane pew: citichax, cpedru eek, Apo6iax, aoxaana ipedaia, wdoespoticxa Kon fapaiiueuciiuca. OGusackom oxonune KaGnaka Ha cepepy Upue Tope, jyna mecena 1995, Ha norecy om cena Topma Bykosuua npema Wannnxy, npexo nmiannHe Vine, 3anasuo cam Ba cpepiboBeKOBHA crlOMeHUKa 3a KOje HIICaM HaLla0 norspyy y sHreparypH. Y nuramy cy pa crehKa: canayk # xperatia,! Kojn ce nanase Ha Tomanu Ko Bujesor mpamopa. Canpyx je qucnouupan, ogHocuo yanman je y T38. Boxony seomy. Teeny cy Boxosu yuyu o6uosuin ToKoM 1970-ux. Kana je camnyk ysmman 1 ovaxae je mpeneT unje mu niosnaro. Cangyk je umpune 62cm, ay:KHHe 125 cm, a u3Hay 3emmbe je BIIUbUR y BucHHH Of 63 cm (cx. 1; 7. I/1). Touro ce ‘TpH qucKa HajpepoBaranje Haase Ha CpesMHN CaHAyKa, CHOMEHMK WMa YKYnI- uo 8 peapa, a pe6pa cy umpmne oKo 10 cm. Osaj comenux cnaja, no Bemmaruby, y caaayxe ca apxuTexrorcKum MOTHBNMa GpBHa, TO Y clleMM>H4HO UpHoropeKu ‘THN (1982: 374-375) Vcrom tuny npunapajy crehun y Huxumbhy, oxo Wapnuxa u 2Kamaxa (Hosaxosuhu). Pasmuxyjy ce of crehaka onor Tuna no Xepyerosman u Bocuu; peOpa cy um miacruaiuja 1 qeGma 1 Mate cy rycrune. Bpoj peGapa ce Kpehe of 6 0 10, y jeunom cnysajy 13. ¥ ebm caysajena, no cpemisem peOpy Hastase ce KpyKHM BeHUH, ANCKOBH. OGUGHO ce Hamase TPH TakBa aucka, y HeKUM cily4ajeBuMa jena, a y jeaHom caysajy YerupH ANcKa 1 O runosornja crehaka nnjeru: Beslagié (1982: 75-80), Miletié (1982: 33-36). O crehixy kao nojmy: BeSlagié (1982: 31-33), Iynnh (1995: 67), Epaeman (1996: 10), Jexk (2001: 140). Taacunx Cpnexor apxeoromor apyurrsa G4 Journal of the Serbian Archaeological Society 21 (2005) 189-200.TCAJVISAS 21 (2005) erpaxunaskn panona m pacnpase i Ca. 1. Crehax yaugan y Bokony ue Fig. 1. Monument built into BoZova’ Canayk ca Bujenor mpamopa ucroperaH je o#oM #3 Howakopntha, a cygehit no chororpacuju (Ceprejescku 1952: ct. 14-16, 19) w onmMa H3 Haxumtha (Wenzel 1965: T. 1/25, 11/26-28, I1/6, V/24). Ananoruu oBuM MoTHBUMA cy MOTHBH [cKORa ca rpoOHHMa y nosy YenexcKe upKBe y Komy; Crecpana Lpuojesuha u rocnobe Mape 13 nonopune mer- naccror Bexa (Miletié 1982: 116), ¢ THM mTO ce ananoruja ofHOcH caMo Ha quCKOBe, a He H Ha Morus GpBHa KojH y Komy He mocroju, IUlro ce kperave THe, Bexuesoba (Wenzel 1965:T. XC/4), paje rpyO uprex (Ge3 Habe- YeHUX AUMeHBHja) jenne Koja Ou 10 OOUKy MOTHBUMa ofroRapana xpcraun ca Bujenor Mpamopa. Mebyrum, Benuentona Hanon 7a je Kperaya 43 oKommHe Huxuuha, y3 HarloMeny ya je nogatax npeyser og Irepuexa (Sterneck 1877). Koa camor Irepuexa (Sterneck 1877), Nak, upTex croMennxa (cx. 2) mponpahen je cneyehum onucom: “Hoher Stein in Montenegro am Wege von Niksic nach Mokro am Ostfupe des Vojnik” (urro anavin a ce Io weMy OHA Haas Ha riannun BojHnk, npeKo Koje ue ny HuK- inh ~ Moxpo (xog Uasnuxa)? Bugumo sa je Ca. 2. Crehax y oGamxy perase (apema Sterneck 1877). Fig. 2. Cross-shaped monument (after Sterneck 1877) 2 Ilreprex, mane, crehe xaryje y npepumcKo 06a (Sterneck 1877), 190H, Besuh Jipa naprpoua cnomexuka Koy Bujenor mpamopa Ha KpcTawH MpuKa3aH paTHuK y ycnpaBHoM, ¢bporTanHoM nosoxajy, ca MateM 1 UITHTOM Y PYM; OKO paTHUKa cy YeTMpM Kpcra youcana y Kpyr, a oKo uuTape mpencraze je Gopaypa. Kako hemo noka3aTH, oRa KpcTaya ce He Hanasu Ha Tanna Bojunx, Kako Kaxe Ilrepxex, wir y okonmin Huxumha, kako TBpyu Bexuemora, neh wa naanuun Meuuu, ua zoKanurety Buje mpamop, mopeg cpesHo- BeKOBHOF MyTa KojH je mao NpeKo taHMNe Mune. Y Huxumhy # oxoamu, noctoje cera yee Kpcraue Ko_ Terpose upkse: jeua ca TAOYOM HM MOTHBUMAa Kpcra ca KPY:KHUM 3aBpULeLMa Kpa- Kosa (Wenzel 1965: T. XII/15) 4 apyra ca Harncom Koju cnommbe ,,nojBojy JIpaxyay”, parowana y ceyamHaectn nek (Ceprejescxn 1952: cn. 24; Beslagi¢é 1982: 546-547). Jlaxae, nujeusa on HUX He ofTOBapa LlrepHeKOBOM UpTEXxy. Kpcraua 0 Kojoj je y oBoM pagy pea Hana3m ce Ha NoKanurery Bujenu Mpamop y GJ3HHH TpeTxo4HO ONMcaHOr caHYyKa, OMHOCHO NeyeceTak MeTa- pa mpema cenepy, ucrog Boxone uecne. Io sanicuma 3 yeneTHaector BeKa, Kao M Mipema cBeyouemy Menrrana, OBaj CHOMeHHK HHje BUCTONMpaH, OCHM urro je npe mBayeceTaK romuta o6open (oKomHOCTH cy HeMO3HaTe). Kperaua je sucune 195 cm, MaxcuManHe mupuHe oKo 120 cm, mMpHHe Ha BpXy rOpHer jena 110 cm, ay cpenrbem 50 cm, ne6mune 19 cm (ca. 3; 7. II/1-2). Jesu xpax Kpera je onstomen (To Om opronapaso H UlrepHexonoj ckHU) H M3ryO- we, PemecbHa mpeycrasa o6yxpara ropre feo mI0ye y AYMAN 80cm H yoxpupena je uukuak Gopaypom. Ipen- crapmen je paTHuK y erojehem monoxajy ca McyKaHUM Ma4yeM i LITHTOM y CBO] PYuH, NOK My je jlecHa pyka Ha KaHHjt 3a niojacom. Maui apxkit 3a CeuHBO HHO], Ha- kpcunue. Irn je mpanoyraonor oGmnKa. Paruuk je oGy4eH y HeKy BpcTy TyHUKe yo HaHa KOMeHa, ca OacaeM MpeKO T10- jaca. Bucnna ¢pnrype je 66 cm. Y oxsupy Tpescrape, nope Gopyype, Hanaze ce H veTHpH paBHoKpaka Kpera ynucaHa y Kpyr, ¢ THM WTO je Oj Ha JeBOM KpaKy Kperaye omrehen. Touro u xa Ilrep- HeKOBO] CKMLM Ha seROM Kpaky Hej0- craje KpcT y Kpyry, TO Gut Guo qoKas fa je ped 0 HCTOM cHloMeHHKy, Koji je Urep- Hex MorpeuiHo sounpao, a Benuenosa jom puue yjasbuna y okonnny Huxumha. Kpcry y Kpyry mpuimicyje ce conapra ; cumGommka (eg, Beslagié 1982: earn cq Ch 3. Crehax y o6amxy Kperave, To- swatia, Bujeau Mpamop. Ocmprom Ha TipeTXoyHa pasMaTpama). Fig, 3, Cross-shaped monument, Polja- Unnn ce pa je TaKaB CHMGONH3AM Y OBOM na, Bijeli Mramor. 191TCAIVISAS 21 (2005) Merpaxunakn panos a pacnpane cayvajy noceGuo warnamex. Kper y Kpyry jasma ce verupu nyra (jeqan outrehex), mpm vemy ynucaHu Kper Baki MYT uMa qpyrauujm moToxKaj, ykasyjyhu Ha uukaanocr y Cynuesom KpeTatby. Ilivo ce mpeycrase mrrura Tue, nehuna ayropa Koju cy ce THM THTaHbeM GapwiM ciaxe ce y MpeTHocraBuM a Mpencrasmen Ha crehky o3HayaBa HicrakHyTy JIMYHOCT: HerakHytor paTHHKa WIM BaactenuHa (eg. BeSlagié 1982; 225-232, ca ocaprom Ha nperxogua pasMaTpatba). Mpanoyraonu oGsInK urrmra (Moryhut “scutus bosnensis” nomexyt y qyOpoBauKuM axaauna 1335), Kapakrepucrauan je 3a Xepueropuny, Tako ja Bemmaruh mucau ja Ou ce wak MOM CMaTpaTH Hl ,HaLMOHasIHUM [p>kaBHUM CHMGomMA” (ibid.: 239). Tipema cregovery Meurrava Ha nonehunn cnomenuka Huje G0 HU- KaKBHX MoTHBa. [Ipe Hero mTo je OGopeH, cHoMeHHK je crajao Ha MaKoj XYMUH ope Koje caga nexu, u Guo je oKpenyr Ka ucroKy. To Bema- ruhesoj KnacucwKauuj, oba Kpcraya Gu cnagana y Tun 26, omaocHo y Kperayy ca mpyraunje OOMMKORAHMM ropHUM KpaKOM; W3Ay%KeHUM, Mpo- MpeHuM u 3apanienuM (BeSlagié 1982: 110). Kpcrase cy yonurre perk 6mm Meby crebuyta, a off canx oOsacTH HajMatbe cy 3acrymybere y LIpHoj Topu (ibid. 1982: 111; Miletié 1982: 116). To Bemmaruhy (1982: 124) kperaue 6u TpeGano parosaTH Hajpannje of wiecHacctor BeKa. Mumermh (1982: 35) nojasy Kpcrava slounpa y nonosnuy neTHaccror Bexa. To o6nuKy wajGuHKy, Majla peuleHTHY, Mapasieny Kpcraum ca Bujenor MpamMopa unMHHse On ApBeHe Kpcraue 43 mpomimor Beka ca mpaBocaasor rpoGsa y OpaxossaHuMa, wameby Kny4a a Bocanckor Herposua (BeSlagié 1982: 544), anja cy Tp roptha Kpaka cnHuHa OBoj ca Bujesor Mpamopa, ‘tj. roprbM Kpak je BHM H MIMpH Of Kpakoa ca crpaue. 3a Kpcrauy y Toman Kon Bujesor Mpamopa nesyje ce noKamna s1e- renja Kojy cy mpe crormmak roquna 3aGenexnsm Jly6ypuh (1930) 1 Tommh (1902). Onncyjyhu niemercKe cykoGe u3meby [[pobraxa u Kprya, JIy6ypah (1930: 48) nume: ,Hanocaery Bojsona JIanay cazeryje [poSwake ya mo30By seta, cumta KpHUKOr BojBoye y Mpsutie. Kpnun ce ojasoBy OBOM nosHBY. JIpo6waukn 3er, cuH KpuuKor Bojpoge Kanoxe, nobe ca xKeHOM 1 [BO- TORUUUM cHHMMheM y Tax6uAy. OA Mpatie y3Me camo jennor cayry. Koy uecme y Bykoswukoj ropu youeKa ra Bojpoya Jlamay. Kay ce cacrany W sarpae, sojpoga JIanau, Koj je, Bene, Guo on AYGOKe crapoctn ocneneo, pas6yun apo6 Kpuuy. Cnyra nornuysior omax yOuje Bojpogy Jlanua, a xKeHa normnyator Kpwua, opusa Kocopuha, mpeGexxn y poy 1 yHece Mastior cununha 36or onor Hactany ayre m Kppare Gop6e mameby Kpiua ut [Ipodmaxa, Koje ce 3aBpmre NoTMyHHM Topazom Kpuua H npoumperem spoOmayKe TepuTopHje qo pexe Tape. Ha Mecty morn6uje Bojsoye JIamya noguray [poOmanu jena CHOMeHUK H Ha KeMy WCKNEIIY UK Of YOBCKa C MAEM y gecHO] py, OMITpHUa OA Maya OKpeHyTa je MpaBo 3eMybH.” TIpenare 0 oBuM qorabajuma cauyBaio ce HY Ha3HBHMa TOnOHHMA Koji ce Hanase y GM3HHH crlomMenmka: Kpsasa 1oKBa, Kaabe 1 1380p Kppapau. 192I. Besuh Flwa HagrpoSua cnomennka Ko Bujeaor Mpamopa O ucrom porabajy nemo zpyraunjy Bepaujy wsHocn Tommh: 1 panac TocrojH MpaMop KpHUKor Bojsoge y TloubaHn Ha Bpx BykoBwuKe rope Ht 3Ha ce mecto, rye cy [IpoSmanu noGenuin Kpue 1 Bojsony um yOum. On te GurKe nposnao ce ui jean u3Bop Kppasaul, mTo je KpBaB NpoTeKao, a MecTo, me je Guo Hajpmmm noKom, mposoe ce Kaabe. Toromim Tx qpoOrayKux Kpnua — Kpwuxona, Kojit ce 1 jlatiac TaKO 3oRY, 2KUBE OKO Jexep-Tape y TypeKoj rpanvn. Viva ux y 5 cena, Kuso uM je mpoct # npaBi crovapceKu. Topysienn cy of ocramora cneva.” (1902: 104), Tipewa JIyGypuhy (1930: 20), Huhnepop [yuh je saGenexxuo mpesare 0 ‘Tom porabajy, Kayla je 1865. roquve nyroBao 110 [IpoGwaxy: ,.Kpwyxosubu ce y crapo qoGa sanaye ca JpoOwanuma oKo Jesepa, Te nohe 10 Goja. PasGo- jmure je wo y naannun Menus, orpanky Jlypsurropa, meby Jesepuma 1 JIpoGrauuma. Ty on o6je crpate MHourrBo warHHe. Ty HormHe m BojBona Kpuskosuh. Y Usunu ce sacra, u caga Buam y Jory KOR uaBopa jeqaH KAMeHM CIIOMeHMK ¢ Gube3HMa Ha HeMy: Mad H KOTUbE, HIpearbe Beam Ya je ‘70 Tp06 BojBoye KpusKositha.” Jly6ypuh (1930: 47) nawogu ja je moMeHyTH 1poGmayKH BojRONA TIO cauypaHiom npesaiby Janay Kocosuth, 1). 13 6parcraa Kocopunha Koje je y J[poSmaxy Gut0 HajGoratuje w Hajyraenauje: Tepre, na je Hopmane (rj po6waxe) poseo y Bocuy sojnoga Jlanay Kocopunh, a ofate npeneo y Bawane u wanocuerky jean, u To ehu qeo qoBco y [{po6mak. Bene, a je pojsonta Ilana y Bpeme pocemera y [IpoGmak Guo y nyGoKoj crapocrut.” Vicrm ayrop, we Hapogehm m3pope, Te norabaje cmeurra y cenMo HIM ocMo cronche (jbid.: 9). 3aummauzo je Moryhe mpemmirare MuTCKUX enteMeraTa (cen pogowauenmux y qy6oKoj crapocri) ca McTopujcKHM uHH.CHITAMa. Ty6posasxn ananu nomuwy Xaanya CraaKopuha Kao [[poGwaxa, npr muhypa ™ Kpamapa Tj. Kao cTapemmny moHocHuKa (Jjmmh 1937: 121-124, 133-134, 139-141). ¥ Bean ca THM Dusnth (1937: 134) Kaxxe: ,Kpamap je 6u0 jyuia Kapasana. Ox ckaama yronop ca TproBuMMa H O;roRApa 3a HeroBO wanpuiasarbe. On oprannayje KapaRan M BO; ra Ka MOCTABIEHOM IHLby. Tlonocuuya cy meroBH sys! KojM MpeKo Hera caMO WOsIA3e Y KONTAKT Ca ‘aprosiuma. Busio je Kpamapa Koju cy ynpabo cnaBHM MmysN cBOje BpcTe, Kao Xaanay Cranxosmh, Xepak Mumomesnh u Hy6panany Muauhesnh. TMpenx jeuenuja nerHaecror sexa Hajaehu Opoj Kapapana Koj cy NomasiH u3 Tly6posunKa Guo je no, wuxonMM BobcrBo.” O yrneny Xnanma Cran- xosutha, JIunuh (1937: 139-140) kaxke eneqehe: Camo usy3erHo mpuctajao je NOHEKH KpaMap, Koji ce y3jlao y cpoje Be3e H REIITHHY, Ja Ha Hero TepeT maya urrera, Wactama yciley BeIMKAMKHX HacHba. TlosHaTH Xaanay Cran- kosuh uuje npesao of Tora fa TProBUUMa rapanTyje GesGexuocr mpH mpo- nay Kpo3 3emse Tapnosutha m Kocaua”, a takobe nm: ,Maga Ham To 10 ceOn uaraeya pasyMsuBo, HecTo cpeheMo oGanesy fla oHaj npumuhyp Koji je ckanao yrosop Mopa suIHO Uhu ca KapapaHoM Ao ostpeheHor umwa — ire personaliter; cum persona sua; personaliter eundo; cum capite suo. Jeno je 193TCAJVISAS 21 (2005) Merpaxnnaixn pagosn m pacnpase Xnanay Crakosuh Morao Mecro ce6e nocnaru u cBor crapujer Gpara.” (ibid.: 141) Jlakxe, HapoqHo npepare Beayje ,,Bojpogy Jlanya” 3a kperayy y Tomann og Bujenor mpaMopa. Xaanay Cranxopuh, 3Havajra mranocr y [[po6maky cpora BpeMeHa, KHBeO je y MpBOj NOAOBMHM NeTHaecTor BeKa, Kayla On ce Mora JJaToBaTH uw Kpcraua, GynyhH fa No MoTHBHMa He omcTyna og He- Kponona y Hosaxosnhuma u Bapama 2Kyruha. Fourro je yo6wyajeno ja opakpe Kpctate OGenexapajy rpoOHa MecTa HCTAKAYTHX JbYAM, TO OM H OBA Moxa Mora o3HaYaBaTH rpo6 Xaanya CranKonuha. 3a caupyk y3upaH y Boxkony uecmy, Momo je WHcIOUMpaH, TeIKO je pehu ogakne je. YxouuKo ce npepawe o GopOama J[poOmaka ca Kprunma sacnnpa Ha ucropnjckuM jorabajuma (cf. Crojasosuh 1926: 51 6p. 9694), re cy ce GopGe Mopane OKOHYATH KpajeM YerpHaecTor Beka. IIo npesay, pexa ByKosuia Guna je rpannya [[poOwaka npema Kpuunma, mo snaun na [[poGwann Hucy apxkanu Behw geo Cumajesnne u Jesepa. MuomTso py6porauKux anana NOMHIbe KpajeéM YeTpHaecTOr HM TOKOM MleTHaecTor BeKa ympaBo H jenHHO TIpo6waxe y Jesepuma Kao nowocuuKe, KatyHape man pasGojunce (e.g. [n- mh 1937; Hy6ypuh 1930; Jupesex 1952; Mastosnh-Bykuh 1999). Tako je uy ‘TypcKom monmcy #3 1477. Kaa ce H HapHIUTO HaBojM ja je Haxuja Kpwax vameby Curbajesnne (staan og Tape) mo Tmerama ca ,.pmime yemata” am cBakako Mase oy JIpoGraka Koji Gpoju 17 yemara (Sabanovié 1982: 159-166). To onosprasa cranonmnrre Tomuha (1902: 452) na cy JIpoOany mpornann Kpuue ,npe jenxo 200 roguna” Tj. moverKoM ocaMHaccTor BeKa, a Hie y lipuior HapoyHoM mpefamy u JlyOypuhy ya cy ce cykoOu ogurpasn ,,lto nocemery [[poSwaka” mro Gu 3Ha4H0 HM npe MpBor nomena Bpatune TpoOwaka 1285. win cBakako mpe nocnepHHX yeneHHja YeTpHaccror BeKa, Kajla cy Bp10 vecTH noMenH HicKBysHBO J[powaKa, a we Kprua y Jesepuma (uuu 1937: 119-146; My6ypuh 1930: 15; Manosuh-Bykuh 1999: 145-154). Moryhe je na je y Hosuje Bpeme OUI HO MeuIatba TereHAN M3 janeKe Mpommiocra ca 3HauajnMM porabajuma uw mWaHOcTHMa 13 Mahe npouocrn (Xnanay Cranxosuh) 1 70 wesupaia crapujer mura o npexpuuthanckom Soxancray 1 poyonauemimKy, 3a Kpcrauy ca Bujenor mpamopa Mime Jlanat, necysmsmpo acoumpa wa ucropujckor Xaanua, 3HavajHy awanocr crora 06a, aM Ha noce6Hy, serenapay nosaquny Jlanua, mpe cera, ykasyje Herogo npesume Kocopunh. Yraphexo je (Joma 2002: 155-157) gla je mpesume Kocosunh camo sapujanra, ro crapuja, of Kocanunh (y Ko- conckom erry Mgaw Kocarumh) 1 Kocopay (encku Kocosat Joan). Y nu- Tamby cy, ake, TpH HCTO3Ha4He BapHjaHte. ‘SanuMmuBo Gu Gy10 carmenaTH crpyktypy serenje o JTanuy u cyKoGy ca Kpwunma Kpo3 HHjoesponcky KommapatHBncraKy. Te3a HoBe KOMMapaTHBHe MuTomoruje jecre fa cy HeKH BenMKH jyHauku enoBH HacrasmM TpaHcro3n- UJOM MUTONOMIKHX cyKOGa ca GoxkaHcKe Ha sby;CKy paBan (Joma 2002: 251). 194J, Besth Hwa nayrpoGHa cromennka Koy Bujeaor Mpamopa YKOMNKO y HEKOM pes1aTHBHO HOBHJeM ely, KaKaB je PeLLMMO CPIICKH BesaH 3a Kocoscxu 60j, 3a Koji 3H1aMo sla ce 3antcTa H 36HO Kao HcropHjcKa ‘EEK, Kajla ce 300 H KO Cy YHECHHUH, Mo2xKEMO TIperlosHaTH eneMeHTe sajemuUMTKE onturroj cx1OReHcKOj H HHAOEBPOIICKO} eNICKO} TPARHNUjH, OHA MOxKEMO TIpeT- HoctaBMTH M CplIcKY encKy TpaxMUMjy Koja MpeTXo;H KocoBcKOj. Ta Tpa- auuuja Gu ce Tako Morna ycnosno HasBaru Tpakocono, a expnpasentu Lapy Tlazapy 1 Musomy Oounmiby Guan Gu TpaJlasap u Mpa-Manom (Jloma 2002: 7-9). Ho, Moxemo sm mpenosuars u Tpa-lamya? Buran 2ajeqHikn enemenr HujoeBporicKe MUTOsOMIKe cTyKType jecy: cyxGonocnn cyKo6 Ba Baaqapa M HMXOBHX BOjcKH (Hapona, MeMeHa) TE THny oGojula, MpepymicHo GoxaHeTBO Koje MocpeyHO W3a3KBa cyKOG, ¢u- SHUKO CHemM10 HeKOr Of OWTHNX yaecHHKa. CBH TH eeMeHTH MocTOje 1 y nerenjut o Januy 1 cykody [poGraka ca Kpwauma. [Ja weKu Murr BpemeHom HOAMEXxe palMOHAMNBaNyjM H TpaticnosHMujH MUTOsOMIKOF cyKOBa ca Go- 2KAHCKE Ha JbY|ICKY paBaH, MOXeMO BHyeTH Ha HPCKOM NpHMepy GuTKe Ha Mojrypu usmeby Mpaua 1 Buxunra. Pew je y creap 0 Tparicrononanom HHOCBPONCKOM ECXATONOLIKOM MIITY ca KOHAYHUM cyKOGOM GoroBa HL Te- Moxa, y HcTopuicky nerenay 0 GopOu nporue ryhunaya (Toma 2002: 169). Ha enemenre erenye ykasyje u npesume Kocossnth, upumucano Jammy u3 Hapoguor npeama. To mpeslamy norabaju ca Januem u Kpwunma ye- mapajy ce npe OutKe Ha Kocopy. TMopexsto ca Kocosa ce y npeyamy Hurge He crommise, neh yaek yocemaBarse H3 mpasita Bocke, Te caMO MIpeslaibe HCKIby- uyje uasohewse Kocoouuh of, Kocoso. Sanuncbutea cy Takobe vw npesara o noTomima serengapHor Jlanua, cn onpena crapenmue n1emena. OpauGan Crpaxunun Kocosumh? xoju y ppeme susatsa Mavacrupa Mopaye Takobe noqmKe y JIpoOwaxy Manacrap Jenovaul, « Bypjan Kocoruuh, Koju mpen- Bom [lpo6waxe y Koconckom Sojy. Kocogo ce “ecto y cpnickoj enuun HOMME Kao ,,Tp|HO cygMAMUTe”, Mecro cy,GoHocHOr cyKoa. Jla um o- npnurre Goja [[poowmaka u Kpwua caypxv Takby cHMGosMKY cRejo4e HM Ty6ypuhesu sanucn (1930: 20): ,,Ta je Gop6a novena y Bykosw4Koj ropu 1 Guana je TonHKO KpBasa, fa ce, Bexe, jena H3BOp HasBao KpBaBay, 10 MHOrOj mposmpenoj Kpnut (...) BopGe cy Guise lyre # TORHKO AUBMAIHE fla ce H cay O ‘rome ca yxkacoM nptua (...) © BUM ce GopGama 3Ha MHOTO TojeyHHOCTH H 3a WHX je Besana Tpaquuja MOcTaHAK MHOTEX TOrorpacpCKHX Ha3HBa, Ma Yak H pexe Tuse."Haxasocr, JlyGypuh ne Hapoqi HH Te TOHOHUME, HU Te ,.MHOTO mlojemmHoctTn”, Ma ocraje HeM3BeCHO, aN CBaKaKO WHTPHTaHTHO, jecy JM y Beal ca THM MHTOM 1 TonoHuMH Tpomonnnx u JIynorana,# Ckakapuma, Cox’ Ap, Koj ce Hana3e y Oau3MHN Bujexor mpamopa. Kocono, Kao 3 Hejacna je nonesanocr ca Banopith Crpaxitbom, My6ypith (1930) je nerupa 4 Lupy-goby oun Kojn soyurre rape, 7). yOnjennm Henpujateruata cKumajy cKammone”, ‘rakobe W ayAKWIKO nuteme Lupigla(va) (lupiti .rymen”) (Sosta 2002: 197-199), 5 O ckokosnma HaTapupoane pyKune piteTit Toma (2002; 224-226, 242, 244), 195TCAJWISAS 21 (2005) Merpaxcun M pajlosn Hw pacnpane .TPIKO CyMMMMUITe”, UMa HecyMAbUBO MuTCKH 3Hatiaj y cpricKOj enmUH, y uHjoj CTPYKTYpH Ma eneMeHaTa cBOjcTREHUX UNTaBO] MAOEBPoNCKOj TpaRHMAjH. Jean of Tux esleMenata je # MoTHB ,,upepyleHor GoxaHcrBa”. Y KOCcOBCKOM Murty csetu Unuja npepyuien y coxoma ponoch mpea KHe3a Jlasapa cyy- OuHcKu u360p H3Meby ,,WaperBa HeecKor” M ,,uapcTBa 3eMaLcKOr”, a Mpe- pyten y crapuia cupeyasa Mapxa Kpamenuha na one y Ourky.6 Kako je sch Hanomenyro, npesume Kocopunth je camo Bapujaura, m To crapuja on Ko- carumh u Kocosay. Y Kocosckom muty Kocawumh Man, a Kao cnyra Mu- noua OGuzuha 4 10 werokoM HaTOBOpy, HeHCTHHUTHM TpHKa30M TypcKe cue cna6ujom Ho mo ona jecre, Hanoju KHe3a Jlagzapa ja ybe y GurKy, a ‘THMe ra Hlocpequo mae y cmpr.’ Jlanckor xpama Xapanna wasomm Onn, Mpepyuien y Bo3apa HeroRNX GojHMX j[BoKONHYA, Ha yhe y GuTKy ca HIBe- baruma oGehanajyhu my noSeqy, ynanpen sHajyhn fa ra oveKyje nornOnja, Kao MH WHTABY JaHcKy BojcKy Ha Nowy Bpapana (Jloma 2002: 155). Tako 1 Tanan, ,canetyje [[po6waKe” ya nosony sera y rocre, fa 6U MOTOM H3a3Ba0 cyko6. Ln Goxaxcrsa je mpuyo6urn jynaka 3a ceGe, onHOCHO 3a cBojy pojcky Mpreux (Banxana, Llaperso neGecko). Ito ce arpuGyra cnenusa rue,’ cnen je m Kpam Uxprapaurrpa 13 MaxaOxapare, unju Ou murcKn Tpaysop Guo takobe (cHMGoam4Ho) cnenm Bxara, crapoupnjcku Gor ja- Banal, a cnen je M Kpayb Xapamy, of Onna ompeher ya My ce npampyKH y Banxam. Taxobe je cnen u Xeup Koju yOuja Bamypa, csora Gpara a Oyu- Honor cHta, 6ora nposieha-comapuor xepoja. Cnegehu Yajkatosuha (1941: 56-57, 144), Hanan 61 oyronapao mpe- XpmithaHcKOM cpricKoM BpxosHom Gory — [aGory, a ,Hajckymba >x«KprBa, sbycka *KpTBa, Mpunaya JlaGory He camo m0 Tome WTO je oH Hajpehn Meby Goronuma, Hero H 10 TOMe LTO je OH HayHOHATHN Gor, TROPaL H poxO- HaYeNHHK Uerora Haposa (...) HPHPONHO je fa Gory xKUBUX H MpYBHX you Mpunaga mppencrseno wydcka >xprsa”; Janay 6x, fakne, Ovo ,;rBOpaly 1 ponowasenuuk cBora Hapoga, initia gentis, u Kpsuux, Bor crap KpBIHK”, Mpema Tome, nije 3a0 Gor, Hero 602 ciiapau, y unjy OGnacr cnaya y3nMarKe qyuta.” Haxon urro je ycraxosuo 1 Mrore arpu6yre JlaGoroze ouyBane KON, Kpamesuha Mapka, Yajxanosith (1941: 186) warommie na je MapKo m0 jeatioj cpnckoj ckackH, Kamla ce Hanasm y nehuHM, nakne Kapa je Ha ,oHOM cpety”, cei, MapKo To3mpa 3ayTasor nyTHHKa ja ce TO3ApaBe ca HUM, am opora capeTyje BHia Ja HHNOUITO He Mprstasn jep 64 My MapKo ,oqMax rmaBy cpckao M pyky mpenomHo”, fakne y6uo. [yraux my Mecto pyKe noymehe rpoxhe, Koje Mapko oymax sion (Yajkanonnh 1941: 186). © O smrronoukoj yaosn caeror Hinuje kao xpucrijannaonanior Gora para pigert: Joma (2002; 149-153), 7 Kocaiamh Mast yxonu Typke (Bypith 1977: 263) 8 O cnenmay kuesa JTasapa y mpenecenom sraversy Byqeri: JToa (2002: 155). 196JL. Benn, Tia nagrpo6ua cnomennxa Kog Bujexor mpamopa Tlerenpapan Janay je Takobe on ayGoKe crapocrn ocaerieo”, am yOrja kprtukor BojBoRy Upesapom (KaKo yocTaio 1 Mutou! yOuja Mypara).° Cast yagne niemeHa [IpoGrauu, No jeaHo) BapmjanTH (no cso] MpHMN 1 Haj crapujoj), Hacrao je u3 ,.ulopyre” oKONHMX mIeMeHa jep je crapi BojBoRA Tlanay, tia Bora 1 Boxy ajepy Bose sery mpocyo apoG” (Ily6ypuh 1930: 14). Ho, 110 npsoj Jly6ypuhenoj nepanju Janam n unje Tacr, jep je Kena KpHuKOT pojeone ,omuna Kocopuha”. Jacuo je sta je y upeme sanuicnnatsa npunopecri on erpaue Jlysnha,° JIy6ypuha (1930) » Tosuha (1902) neh nocrojano name papujanra Mura. Ho jeauoj Bapujanrn cromennk je nogurnyt sojpoan Januy, no apyroj Kpwukosuhy wg. Jarra rakobe caojum wHHOM mpenape m yOucrBa ugaanpa xpsonpommbe usmeby /[po6maka u Kpuvia w To HaKOH NocTurHyTOr ampa. O riayseTHOM sHavajy Tor norahaja cBeqoun # TonouuMuja (Kpaana soxpa, Kppanan, Kaabe). 'meqano kpo3 npiaMy HHq0esporicke KoMMapa- TuBHCTHKe, cama srereHna o Tanny canpakx jou jenaH BPO GuTaH enemen: aajemmmuxe rpanmmnje, aro je MOTUB sajenHMNKe MOrnGnje oGa Baapapa: kpuuxor Bojpone u camor Manna. To je city'aj KAKO y KOCORCKOM, TAKO HY OcTamuMt MHTOBHMA HHAOEBpOrIcKOT Topeka (Jloma 2002: 132). ArpnGyr xpoMocrit Kog nererqapxor Jlanya npesame Huje casysa:to, Mana je Moryhe na je mocrojano Kao jour jenan arpuGyr npepymexor Go- skancrea, V3 cpnicke ene JTanny Gn Kao naxjan Hajpuute onrosapao Jonan Kocopan;!! 0, ayn TH cu, pnjere Cexysia! Jecamt sin TH, Gouax, POROpHO Jla we em Ha crapa jynaKa? Oxo uuje ocrapjenn heno, Beh je rnanom Kocopan Jonaxe, ‘Beno je ce KacTun HayHHHO, On npanrrsa my borat oxporyo. V1 on sysa ce Kocono pasiio, Muoro ux je Tako mpeBapHo, Ha Kocosy Gojiom nory6u0.” 3a Kocopna Jonana, Jloma Kaxe enepehe: Ty je Josax Koconant npen- cranmen Kao jyHax MuTeKe cHare Koju Gaya Tome Koconom Ha xpoMom KOHY MpepyileH y onemohanor crapya M Tako jyHaKe nakoMe Ha naKy noGeny # Muiex Mam ja ra Harlaguy, Ha Mx yOuja” (2002: 156). TaKobe, waa amxa Kocosna Josatia Hacnyhyje kao Murckor ,,BpGowatexa mamux jyHaka”, ynpazo JaGora 9 Caemmo Tanya STy6ypuh sie nyra naraauiawa Kao wero GuUTHH axpuGyT, osm oy yruttaje camor npiitonexatba. 10 TIpema HyGypuhy (1930: 20) Hlyunh je ony mpurtonect aanucao 1865, 11 Banonuth Cexyna n Jonas Koconans (Bypith 1977: 374). 197TCADUISAS 21 (2005) Mcrpaxupaskn panos 1 pacupase 3AKIBYYAK Ha ocuosy nogaraxa joctynHux saxpanyjyhn Jly6ypuhesom (1930) 1 Tomuhenom (1902) pany, HMaMo qoBo%HO MOfaTaka 3a yemMMHY peKoH- crpyxuujy nerenje o Jlanuy. Haxkasiocr, pariac Moxemo camo mpernocras- waTH HHje JM OHNO M BHUIe MosaraKa 3a MoTnyHHjy MuTOMOMIKY peKoH- crpyxunjy. Buyesum y npesarsy o Manny camo cehare a porahaje us mpoumocru, Moryhe je fa cy 3anmcunayn Mi cBecHO saneMapnBasn jeTae koje cy cMarpasn npenmute cbanractHaHuM, SaHumbuBo je IpUMeTHTH ja je, kayla je JIy6ypuh (1930: 50) npoytasao nopexao nopogmua y JIpobmaxy, waK 27 poyona Tapauno ya je NopeKNIOM of Kocopunha, uako ce HUKO Huje TAKO 1 npesunao. ¥ Jlanuy Kocosuuhy, .eojogu Hanuy” 3a Kora HapoyHo npeyaise neayje Kperayy y Momaxn Kox Bujenor mpamopa, noHoBo BHyuMo sereH- HapHor nperka M poyoHaemHMKa, opHOcHO oHOra TIpa-Jlanya KojH je oO HeTHACCTOr BeKa HAOBAMO HepORATHO HacHeANO, AKO He pyro OHO GapeM UMe, YyBeHor APOGHANKOT crapemmie HOHOCHMKA Xara CranKxosnha, 1 Koj je, Kako To Kaxe KuHuh (1937: 134), cnayao y ,ynpano cnaBHe myne cBoje Bpcre”. BHBIHOLPA®HIA BeSlagi¢, 8. 1971 Stecci, katalosko-topografski pregled. Sarajevo: Veselin Maslesa. 1973 Crehuu y okonman 2KaGmaxa. Maacnux Eiinoepagexo? syseja y Beo- Zpady 36: 111-138. 1982 Stecci, kultura i umjetnost. Sarajevo: Veselin Maslesa. Yajxanounb, B. 1941 O cpitckom opxosnom Gory, Beorpay; Cpticka Kpamencka akayjentlja. Uunnh, M. 1937 lyOponauKa cpemtenckonHa Kapanaucka rpronuna, JyZocaosencKu uc- dopujexu 4acomue 3: 119-146 Hyauh, H. 1995 Ciiapa Zpo6ma u nadzpoGnu Geaeau y Cp6uju. Beorpay: PenyOauiKn SABO) 3a 3allITHTY cromenuKa Kytype it Hpoceera. ‘Bypuh, B 1977 Anitioaozuja napodnux jynavkux Hecana, Beorpay: sampyra. Epuesan, J. 1996 Cpedtosexosnu Hadipo6nu ciiomenuyu y o6aaciiu Paca, Beorpay 1 Host Masap: Apxeonouncir mucrutyr # Mysej Pac”, pncka KibKeBHA Jeo, XK, 2001- Hexponona Jahn ~ nputor nosnasarsy cpesisoReKosiux uagrpo6unx 2002 cntomenuxa, Caottuaittersa 32-33: 135-145, 198. Bemuh JIwa nanrpoGua cnomenuka Kon Bujesor mpamopa Jnpesiex, K. 1952 Heiopuja Cp6a. Beorpay: Haysna kasara. Joma, A. 2002 Mpaxocoso-Cacsexcku u undoespoiicku Kopenu cpiicxe ettuxe. Beorpan’ Cpnexa Axayemuja nayka 1 yMetiocru (Bankanonouiky mucTuTy?) Iy6ypuh, A. 1930 Lpo6mayu — iaene y XepyeZosunu: tioperao, tipounocii u eitinunca yaoza y nawen napody. Beorpan: Ukrann. [I, Pperopuha. Manosuh-Byxuth, M, 1999 Tipuaor ucropujn HpoGuaxa y cpenuem sexy. Maacnur ZasurajHo® sy- seja (Tmewma) 1: 145-154. Miletié, N. 1982 Steéci. Umetnost na tlu Jugoslavije. Beograd, Zagreb i Mostar: Jugoslavija, Spektar i Prva knjizevna komuna. Ceprejenckn, JI. 1952 Cpedmoajexosno zpo6me Kod Tlettpoce upxee y Huxtuuhy. Leruree: Hapojua kira. Crojanonnth, Jb. 1926 Citiapu cpiicKu saiiucu u naifiiucu 6. Beorpay: Cpncxa kpamencka aKa- jesarja. Tosath, C 1902 LpoGrax — anitipoiiozeoepabexa ucitipaxucarea. Beorpay: Cpnexa Kpa- sbepeka AxajeMiija. Sterneck, H. 1877 Geografische Verhaltnisse, Comunicationen und das Reisen in Bosnien, der Herzegowina und Nord-Montenegro, Alte Grabsteine (Blatt IV). Wien: Brau- miller. Sabanovié, H. 1982 | Bosanski paialuk. Sarajevo: Svijetlost. Wenzel, M. 1965. Ukrasni motivi na steécima. Sarajevo: Vesclin MasleSa. 199TCAJVISAS 21 (2005) erpaxnpatkn payoni 1 pacnpane DEJAN VEMIC TWO TOMBSTONES NEAR BIJELI MRAMOR AND THE LOCAL SAGA Summary During a reconnaissance of the Zabljak area (in the region of Drobnjak, north of Montenegro) in July 1995, two late mediaeval tombstones were noticed at the locality Bijeli Mramor. One of them is in the shape of a slab (built into the Bozova Cesma drinking fountain), and another is a cross-shaped monument. Concerning their motifs, these monuments belong to the group of stecak, massive late mediaeval tombstones, made during the 14" and 15" centuries. The slab (fig. 1; pl. J/1) has an unusual motif of a board with disks, known only in the region between NikSié and Zabljak and occurring in a very small number, which makes this discov- ery even more important. The cross-shaped monument (fig. 3; pl. II/1-2) has a rep- resentation of a standing warrior with a shield and a sword in his hands, sur- rounded by four crosses inscribed in circles. Such motifs are recognized as solar symbols. Each of the inscribed crosses has a different position which additionally emphasizes the variability of the Sun’s revolution. The cross-shaped monument (that was previously mislocated by Sterneck 1877; see fig. 2) together with the local toponyms, is connected with local sagas. Following the saga, this cross-shaped monument marks the place where the leader of the Drobnjaks, Duke Lapac was buried after he was killed in a battle between the clans of Drobnjak and Kriéi that happened there. None of these facts are confirmed by historical sources. It is particularly interesting that the saga describes duke Lapac as a blind and very old forefather of the Drobnjaks, who brought them to their new land, Ob- serving the elements of this saga in the light of a new Indo - European compara- tive mythology, certain elements partly preserved, common in Indo — European mythological structure, may be noticed. In fact, duke Lapac would be a disguised god like the Serbian Dabog, Germanic Odin or St. Elijah (the Thunderer) and St. Sava (the Shepard of the Wolves), after the Christianization of the Serbs. Also, his surname ~ Kosovéié give emphasis to a fact that he is a mythological person, for the reason that it is just an older variant of Kosanéié and Kosovac — surnames at- tributed to the heroes of Serbian epics; Ivan Kosan¢ié and Jovan Kosovac. The Historical figure, Hlapac Stankovié, was the very important person in 15t* century Drobnjak, and he might be the one from whom the legendary Lapac has inherited his name. Since there is a chronological coincididence between the monument and a mentioning of Hlapac Stankovié in the sources, this cross — shaped monument might be attributed to him. Mpussveno: 9. saja 2005. UDC 726.825.1/.4(497.16):398.1 200TCAJVISAS 21 J. Benth Ta6na I 1. Crehax ysnman y Boxony seemy. 1. A monument built into BoZova Cesma.Ta6aa IT TI. Bemnh (2005) 1. Crehak y oGamxy xperave, Momana, Bujenm mpamop. 1, Cross-shaped monument, Poljana, Bijeli Mramor. 2. Crehax y oGauxy xpcrave, Homana, Bujen mpamop, xerasb. 2. Cross-shaped monument, Poljan: Bijeli Mramor, detail.