Fariz Azhar Abdillah

16R50006

Environment Sustainability and Innovation

Recently many communities have started to realize the danger of environmental

condition. The use of fossil such as petroleum and coal for fuels, not only polluting the air but
also increasing the earth temperature. Scientists have continued to conduct research to find an
alternative fuel that have less emission. The Government and people start looking for an
environmentally friendly technology to help the earth is still alive. This opportunity was used by
various companies to launch innovative products that are environmentally friendly and practical
to use anywhere. There are several aspects that related to green innovation.

We should consider the recyclability as one aspect to produce green innovation

technology. It refers to ability of waste materials to be captured and separated from the waste
stream for conversion into a new item or reused in the same capacity. By recycling, the majority
of our waste can be split into their original elements and used to produce new materials. In this
way, we can reduce the harmful waste that we throw away into the environment, such pollution,
and even save on raw materials. The process of recycling aluminum can save 95% energy and
reduce air pollution by 95% when compared with the extraction of aluminum from the mine to
the process plant. Considerable savings on energy is also obtained by recycling paper, metal,
glass, and plastic. Recycling also contributes to the economy because it saves natural resources

The second aspect that should we note is sustainability. Based on bussiness dictionary,
sustainability is ability to maintain or support an activity or process over the long term.
Sustainability focuses on balancing that fine line between competing needs - our need to move
forward technologically and economically, and the needs to protect the environments in which
we and others live. The three pillars of sustainability are a powerful tool for defining the
complete sustainability problem. This consists of at least the economic, social, and
environmental pillars.

Japans strategy for building a sustainable society has 3 main points. First, reduce the use
of natural resources or raw materials. It will increase the effiecieny of processes since it dont
take much time and money, also reduce waste. Second, reuse products and parts by efficient

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16R50006

disassembling of products into parts, improving assessment of quality and reliability of used
parts and improving repair of products and parts. Third is reycle product, parts and energy by
improving recovery of reusable materials from waste, distribution and recovery network for
recyclable goods and materials and expansion of facilites for recycling of and recovering from
waste.
Another aspect for green innovation is energy reduction or elimination. Energy reduction
is very important for us to do. Especially considering the world has been in the energy crisis.
Because of this energy crisis, it creates a variety of alternative energy sources in an effort to meet
the needs of the energy that we use. The energy reduction aim to lower energy consumption and
energy demand per capita, so it can cover the increased energy needs due to population growth.
This reduces energy costs rising, and can reduce the need for energy generation or energy
imports. Reduced energy demand could provide flexibility in choosing the method of energy
production.

In addition, by reducing emissions, saving energy is an important part of preventing or

mitigating climate change. Saving energy also facilitate the replacement of resources can not be
renewed by the sources that can be renewed. The energy savings are often the most economical
way in the face of lack of energy, and is a more environmentally friendly way than by increasing
energy production. Actually energy reduction can start from ourselves, to make energy reduction
means it minimize energy waste and cost. Saving energy is one of the most important things in
order to reduce the burden on the environment and can reduce electricity use. Doing stages such
as estimates of the energy used for household appliances, using light bulbs as necessary and
isolate the heat entering the house to reduce the carbon footprint. These stages are several ways
to save energy wise to minimize energy waste.

The other way to actualize green innovation is by using renewable energy. Renewable
energy is the energy derived from nature and on an ongoing basis can continue to be produced
without having to wait millions of years like a fossil-based energy. Natural resources in
questioncan be derived from solar, geothermal (geothermal), wind, water (hydropower) and

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various forms of biomass. The energy sources can not be discharged and may continue and
renewable.

One form of renewable energy is biofuel. The term biofuel is used for energy derived
from biomass, either to produce electricity and heat, or processed further to produce liquid fuels
for transportation, for example, is biodiesel, bioaftur, bioethanol, and others. Biomass is any
form of organic material that can be derived from plants (eg wood, agricultural waste, etc.) of
animals or from microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi or microalgae. Optimizing the
production of bioenergy will bring benefits to the country, one of which is the reduction of the
content of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) in the atmosphere

Geothermal energy is a form of stored energy in the form of heat in the bowels of the
Earth. The heat coming from the Earth's core temperature reaches over 5,000 degrees Celsius.
The heat coming from the Earth's core flows towards the surface until it slowly lost to space. In
utilizing the Earth's heat as energy, we use water that is recirculated into the rocks where
geothermal resources are located. Water affected by flow of heat would boil down to ultimately
produce steam. The steam is used to drive turbines to the electricity finally produced. In my
country, Indonesia, the geothermal potential is very high, but its use is far from optimal.

Hydropower is a renewable source of energy which energy is generated by the movement

of water. Moving water, such as waterfalls fall due to gravity can be used to drive a turbine
which in turn energy of motion is converted into electrical energy. Geographically, Indonesia has
many rivers that can be used to generate energy. Hydropower potential in Indonesia to produce
electricity reached 70,000 megawatts. However, that figure has not been utilized fully, only
about 6 percent or 3,500 MW are generated anew.

Solar energy created from the sun or from heat due to irradiation by sunlight. There are
two types of solar energy that can be used as renewable energy to meet the needs of human life,
namely solar thermal and solar photovoltaic. Solar thermal is the heat energy obtained from the

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conversion of sunlight. While the solar photovoltaic happens is the direct conversion of sunlight
into electrical energy using photovoltaic cells. As a tropical country, Indonesia has an abundance
of solar energy.

In principle, the wind energy produced by converting the energy of motion arising from
the movement of air into another form of energy using turbines. Several countries in Europe are
utilizing wind energy as a major source of renewable energy, such as Netherlands and Denmark.
Both countries have an average wind speed of more than 5 meters per second (m / s) that belong
to the country that can use the wind as an energy source. Some areas in Indonesia are known to
have an average wind speed of which even exceeds 5 m / s, such as areas in eastern Indonesia..