Duong Quang Geometry 8

CHAPTER III: SIMILAR TRIANGLES

I. THALES THEOREM IN TRIANGLE ANGLE BISECTOR THEOREM

1. The ratio of 2 line segments
The ratio of 2 line segments is their length ratio in the same unit of measurement.
The ratio of 2 line egments dont base on the unit of measurement.
2. on thng t l
Two line segments AB and CD are propotional to AB and CD if :
AB AB AB CD
or
CD CD AB CD
3. Thales theorem in triangle
If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle intersecting other two sides, then it divides
the two sides in the same ratio.
AB AC AB AC AB AC
BC P BC ; ;
AB AC BB CC BB CC
4. Converse of Thales Theorem
If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, then the line must be parallel to
the third side.
AB AC
BC P BC
BB CC
5. Corollary
If a line is drawn parallel to a side of a given triangle and cut other two sides , then the sides
of the new triangle formed are proportional to the sides of the given triangle.
AB AC BC
BC P BC
AB AC BC

B C
B C

6. Angle bisector theorem:

In the triangle, angle bisectors divide the opposite side in the ratio of the adjacent sides.
DB AB EB
AD, AE are interior angle bisectors and exterior angle bisectors of BAC
DC AC EC
7. Propertive of the proportion
ad bc
a b

a c c d
a b c d
b d
b d
a c a c a c

b d b d b d

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Geometry 8 Duong Quang

BASIC PROBLEM

AB ' AC '
Question 1. Given that . Prove that
AB AC
AB ' AC ' BB ' CC '
and
B ' B C 'C AB AC

Question 2. Find x

Question 3. Find x and y

Question 4. Given the triangle ABC and D is belong to AB such that AD = 13.5 cm ; DB = 4.5
cm. Find the ratio of the distance from D and B to AC.

Question 5. AH is an altitude of triangle ABC. The line d // with

BC and intersecting AB , AC ,AH at B ', C ', H '
AH ' B ' C '
Prove that
AH BC
1
Question 6. Given that AH ' AH anf the area of triangle ABC
3
2
is 67.5cm . Find the area of ABC.

Question 7. The triangle ABC , BC = 15cm ; draw I, K on AH

such that AK KI IH . From I , K draw EF // BC , MN //
BC
a) Find the length of MN and EF.
b) Find the area of MNFE if the area of the triangle ABC is
270cm2

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Duong Quang Geometry 8

Question 8. Find x

Question 9. The triangle ABC , AB = m and AC = n; the angle bisector AD. Find the ratio of the
area of the triangle ABD and ACD?

Question 10. Given the triangle ABC and the median

AM. The angle bisector of the angle AMB
intersects AB at D, the angle bisector of AMC
intersects AC at E. Prove that DE // BC

Question 11. The triangle ABC, AB = 5cm; AC = 6cm and BC = 7cm. The angle bisector of BAC
intersects BC at E. Find EB, EC?

Question 12. Given the trapezoid ABCD ( AB // CD) . Two diagonals AC and BD cut each other at
O. From O draw the line a // DC and intersects AD , BC at E and F. Prove that OE = OF

Question 13. Given the triangle ABC and the median AM and the angle bisector AD. Fine the area
of ADM if AB = m ; AC = n ( n > m ) and the area of ABC is S
S ADM
If n = 7cm ; m = 3cm then ?%
S ABC

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Geometry 8 Duong Quang

PROBLEM I. Calculate the length of line segment

Question 1. Given triangle ABC, G is a centroid. From G draw the line parallel with AC and
intersecting with AB, BC at D and E.Find the length of DE if AD + EC = 16cm and the
perimeter of ABC is 75 cm
HD: V DN // BC DNCE l hbh DE = NC. DE = 18 cm.
Question 2. Given the trapezoid ABCD (AB // CD). The line which parallel with 2 base
intersecting AD at M and BC at N such that MD = 3 MA.
NB
a) Find the ratio .
NC
b) Given AB = 8cm, CD = 20cm. Find MN.
NB 1
HD: a) V AQ // BC, ct MN ti P ABNP, PNCQ l cc hbh .
NC 3
b) V PE // AD MPED l hbh MN = 11 cm.
AB AC
Question 3. Given triangle ABC, draw B, C on AB and AC such that . From B
AB AC
draws the line a // with BC and intersecting AC at C
a) compare AC and AC.
b) Prove BC // BC.
HD: a) AC = AC b) C trng vi C BC // BC.

PROBLEM II. Prove two parallel line

Bi 1. Given the rectangle ABCD. on AB, BC, CD, DA draws E, F, G, H such that
AE AH CF CG
.
AB AD CB CD
a) Prove that the quadrilateral EFGH is parallelogram.
b) Prove that the perimeter of the parallelogram EFGH is unchanged
HD: b) Gi I, J l giao im ca AC vi HE and GF PEFGH 2( AI IJ J C ) 2AC .
Bi 2. Given the trapezoid ABCD (AB // CD), M is a midpoint of CD. Draw I is the intersection
point of AM and BD, K is the intersection point of BM and AC.
a) Prove that IK // AB.
b) The line IK intersects AD, BC at E and F. Prove that EI = IK = KF.
MI MK
HD: a) Prove that IK P AB .
IA KB

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Duong Quang Geometry 8

PROBLEM III. Angle bisector theorem

DB EC FA
3 angle bisectors of the triangle ABC are : AD; BE ; and CF. prove that 1
DC EA FB
The isosceles triangle BAC has BA BC a, AC b ; the angle bisector of angle A intersect BC at
M, the angle bisector of angle C intersects BA at N.
Prove that MN// AC
Find MN
The triangle ABC has AB = 12 cm; AC = 20 cm ; BC = 28 cm., the angle bisector of angle A
intersects BC at D. From D, drawing DE // AB (E belong to AC)
a) Find BD, DC and DE.
b) If the area of ABC is S, find the area of the triangle ABD, ADE, DCE.
Given the right triangle ABC ( A 900

Bi 1. Cho tam gic ABC cn A, BC = 8cm, phn gic ca gc B ct ng cao AH K,

AK 3
.
AH 5
a) Tnh di AB.
b) The line vung gc vi BK ct AH E. Tnh EH.
HD: a) AB = 6cm b) EH = 8,94 cm.
Bi 2. Cho tam gic ABC c di cc cnh AB = m, AC = n; AD l ng phn gic trong ca
gc A. Tnh t s din tch ca tam gic ABD and tam gic ACD.
S m
HD: ABD .
SACD n
Bi 3. Cho tam gic ABC cn A, phn gic trong BD, BC = 10cm, AB = 15cm.
a) Tnh AD, DC.
b) ng phn gic ngoi ca gc B ca tam gic ABC ct The line AC ti D. Tnh DC.
HD: a) DA = 9cm, DC = 6cm b) DC = 10cm.
Bi 4. Cho tam gic ABC, trung tuyn AM and ng phn gic trong AD.
a) Tnh din tch tam gic ADM, bit AB = m, AC = n (n > m) and din tch ABC bng S.
b) Cho n = 7cm, m = 3cm. Din tch tam gic ADM chim bao nhiu phn trm din tch tam
gic ABC?
n m
HD: a) SADM S b) SADM 20%SABC .
2(m n) ABC
Bi 5. Cho tam gic ABC c AB = 5cm, AC = 6cm, BC = 7cm. Gi G l trng tm tam gic ABC,
O l giao im ca hai ng phn gic BD, AE.
a) Tnh di on thng AD.
b) Prove that OG // AC.
HD: a) AD 2,5cm b) OG // DM OG // AC.
Bi 6. Cho tam gic ABC, trung tuyn AM, ng phn gic ca gc AMB ct AB D, ng
phn gic ca gc AMC ct cnh AC E. Prove that DE // BC.
DA EA
HD: DE P BC .
DB EC
Bi 7. Cho tam gic ABC (AB < AC), AD l phn gic trong ca gc A. Qua trung im E ca
cnh BC, v The line song song vi AD, ct cnh AC ti F, ct The line AB ti G. Prove that
CF = BG.

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Geometry 8 Duong Quang

BG BE.CD.BA CD.AB
HD: 1.
CF BD.CE.AC BD.AC
Bi 8. Cho tam gic ABC and ba ng phn gic AM, BN, CP ct nhau ti O. Ba cnh AB, BC,
CA t l vi 4, 7, 5.
a) Tnh MC, bit BC = 18cm.
b) Tnh AC, bit NC NA = 3cm.
OP
c) Tnh t s .
OC
MB NC PA
d) Prove that: . . 1.
MC NA PB
1 1 1 1 1 1
e) Prove that: .
AM BN CP BC CA AB
OP 1
HD: a) MC = 10cm b) AC = 11cm c)
OC 3
2AC.AB 1 1 1 1
e) V BD // AM BD < 2AB AM .
AC AB AM 2 AB AC
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Tng t: , pcm.
BN 2 AB BC CP 2 AC BC
Bi 9. Cho tam gic ABC. Gi I l trung im ca cnh BC. ng phn gic ca gc AIB ct
cnh AB M. ng phn gic ca gc AIC ct cnh AC N.
a) Prove that rng MM // BC.
b) Tam gic ABC phi tho iu kin g c MN = AI?
c) Tam gic ABC phi tho iu kin g c MN AI?
AM AN
HD: a) Prove that .
BM CN
Bi 10. Cho Trapezoid cn ABCD, y ln DC, gc D 600 . ng phn gic ca gc D ct
4
ng cho AC ti I, chia AC thnh hai on theo t s and ct y AB ti M. Tnh cc
11
cnh y AB, DC, bit MA MB = 6cm.
MB 3
HD: Prove that DC = AB + AD DC = AB + AM DC = 66cm, AB = 42cm.
MA 4
Bi 11. Cho parallelogram ABCD. Mt The line ct AB E, AD F and ct ng cho AC G.
AB AD AC
Prove that h thc: .
AE AF AG
HD: V DM // EF, BN // EF. p dng Thales theorem ando cc tam gic ADM, ABN.
Bi 12. Cho parallelogram ABCD. Trn cnh AB ly mt im M and trn cnh CD ly mt im
N sao cho DN = BM. Prove that rng ba The line MN, DB, AC ng qui.
HD:
Bi 13.
a)
HD:

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Duong Quang Geometry 8

II. TAM GIC NG DNG

1. Khi nim hai tam gic ng dng
a) nh ngha: Tam gic ABC gi l ng dng vi tam gic ABC nu:
A A, B B, C C; AB BC CA
AB BC CA
Ch : Khi vit k hiu hai tam gic ng dng, ta phi vit theo ng th t cc cp nh
tng ng: ABC ABC .
b) nh l: Nu mt The line ct hai cnh ca tam gic and song song vi hai cnh cn li th
n to thnh mt tam gic mi ng dng vi tam gic cho.
Ch : nh l trn cng ng trong trng hp The line a ct phn ko di hai cnh ca tam
gic and song song vi cnh cn li.
A

M N
B C
2. Cc trng hp ng dng ca hai tam gic
Trng hp 1: Nu ba cnh ca tam gic ny t l vi ba cnh ca tam gic kia th hai tam
gic ng dng vi nhau.
AB BC CA
ABC ABC
AB BC CA
Trng hp 2: Nu hai cnh ca tam gic ny t l vi hai cnh ca tam gic kia and hai gc
to bi cc cp cnh bng nhau th hai tam gic ng dng vi nhau.
AB AC
, A A ABC ABC
AB AC
Trng hp 3: Nu hai gc ca tam gic ny ln lt bng hai gc ca tam gic kia th hai
tam gic ng dng vi nhau.
A A, B B ABC ABC
3. Cc trng hp ng dng ca tam gic vung
Trng hp 1: Nu tam gic vung ny c mt gc nhn bng gc nhn ca tam gic vung
kia th hai tam gic vung ng dng vi nhau.
Trng hp 2: Nu tam gic vung ny c hai cnh gc vung t l vi hai cnh gc vung
ca tam gic vung kia th hai tam gic vung ng dng vi nhau.
Trng hp 3: Nu cnh huyn and mt cnh gc vung ca tam gic vung ny t l vi
cnh huyn and cnh gc vung ca tam gic vung kia th hai tam gic vung ng dng

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Geometry 8 Duong Quang

vi nhau.
4. Tnh cht ca hai tam gic ng dng
Nu hai tam gic ng dng vi nhau th:
T s hai ng cao tng ng bng t s ng dng.
T s hai ng phn gic tng ng bng t s ng dng.
T s hai ng trung tuyn tng ng bng t s ng dng.
T s cc chu vi bng t s ng dng.
T s cc din tch bng bnh phng t s ng dng.

PROBLEM I. S dng tam gic ng dng tnh ton

Bi 1. Cho tam gic ABC ng dng vi tam gic ABC theo t s k.

a) Tnh t s chu vi ca hai tam gic.
3
b) Cho k and hiu chu vi ca hai tam gic l 40dm. Tnh chu vi ca mi tam gic.
5
P
HD: a) k b) P 60(dm), P 100(dm) .
P
4
Bi 2. Cho tam gic ABC ng dng vi tam gic ABC theo t s k . Tnh chu vi ca tam
3
gic ABC, bit chu vi ca tam gic ABC bng 27cm.
HD: P 20,25(cm) .
Bi 3. Cho tam gic ABC c di cc cnh l AB = 3cm, AC = 5cm, BC = 7cm. Tam gic ABC
ng dng vi tam gic ABC and c chu vi bng 75cm. Tnh di cc cnh ca ABC.
HD: AB 15cm, BC 25cm, AC 35cm.
Bi 4. Cho tam gic ABC and cc ng cao BH, CK.
a) Prove that ABH ACK. b) Cho ACB 400 . Tnh AKH .
HD: b) AKH ACB 400 .
Bi 5. Cho hnh vung ABCD. Trn hai cnh AB, BC ly hai im P and Q sao cho BP = BQ. Gi
H l hnh chiu ca B trn The line CP.
BH CH
a) Prove that BHP CHB. b) Prove that: .
BQ CD
c) Prove that CHD BHQ. T suy ra DHQ 900 .
HD: c) Prove that DHQ CHD CHQ BHQ CHQ BHC 900 .
Bi 6. Hai tam gic ABC and DEF c A D , B E , AB = 8cm, BC = 10cm, DE = 6cm.
a) Tnh di cc cnh AC, DF, EF, bit rng cnh AC di hn cnh DF l 3cm.
b) Cho din tch tam gic ABC bng 39,69cm2 . Tnh din tch tam gic DEF.
HD: a) ABC DEF EF = 7,5cm, DF = 9cm, AC = 12cm b) SDEF 22,33(cm2) .
Bi 7. Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A, ng cao AH, BH = 4cm, CH = 9cm. Gi I, K ln lt l
hnh chiu ca H ln AB, AC.
a) Prove that AKI ABC. b) Tnh din tch tam gic ABC.
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Duong Quang Geometry 8

c) Tnh din tch ca quadrilateral AKHI.

216 2
HD: b) SABC 39cm2 c) SAKHI cm .
13
Bi 8. Cho tam gic ABC, c A 900 B , ng cao CH. Prove that:
a) CBA ACH b) CH 2 BH .AH
Bi 9. Cho tam gic ABC, hai trung tuyn BM and CN ct nhau ti G. Tnh dint ch tam gic
GMN, bit din tch tam gic ABC bng S .
S
HD: SGMN .
12
Bi 10. Cho hnh vung ABCD, cnh a. Gi E l im i xng vi C qua D, EB ct AD ti I. Trn
EB ly im M sao cho DM = DA.
a) Prove that EMC ECB. b) Prove that EB.MC = 2a2 .
c) Tnh din tch tam gic EMC theo a.
4
HD: c) SEMC a2 .
5
Bi 11. Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A. Trn cnh AB, ly im M sao cho 2AM 3MB . Mt The
line qua M, song song vi BC, ct AC ti N. Mt The line qua N, song song vi AB, ct BC ti
D.
a) Prove that AMN NDC.
b) Cho AN = 8cm, BM = 4cm. Tnh din tch cc tam gic AMN, ABC and NDC.
200 2 32
HD: b) SAMN 24cm2 , SABC cm , SNDC cm2 .
3 3

PROBLEM II. Prove that hai tam gic ng dng

Bi 1. Cho tam gic ABC. Gi A, B, C ln lt l trung im ca cc cnh AB, BC, CA.

a) Prove that ABC CAB.
b) Tnh chu vi ca ABC, bit chu vi ca ABC bng 54cm.
HD: b) P 27(cm) .
Bi 2. Cho tam gic ABC, G l trng tm ca tam gic. Gi E, F, H ln lt l trung im ca AG,
BG, CG. Prove that cc tam gic EFH and ABC ng dng vi nhau and G l trng tm ca
tam gic EFH.
HD: S dng tnh cht ng trung bnh and trng tm tam gic.
Bi 3. Cho tam gic ABC. Trn cc cnh BC, CA, AB ly ln lt cc im M, N, P sao cho AM,
BN, CP ng qui ti O. Qua A and C v cc The line song song vi BO ct CO, OA ln lt
E and F.
a) Prove that: FCM OMB and PAE PBO.
MB NC PA
b) Prove that: . . 1.
MC NA PB
HD: b) S dng Thales theorem and tam gic ng dng.
Bi 4. Cho tam gic ABC c AB = 15cm, AC = 20cm. Trn hai cnh AB, AC ln lt ly 2 im D,
E sao cho AD = 8cm, AE = 6cm.
a) Prove that AED ABC.
b) Tnh chu vi ca tam gic ADE, khi bit BC = 25cm.

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Geometry 8 Duong Quang

c) Tnh gc ADE, bit C 200 .

HD: b) PADE 24(cm) c) ADE 200 .
Bi 5. Cho gc xOy(xOy 1800) . Trn cnh Ox, ly 2 im A, B sao cho OA = 5cm, OB = 16cm.
Trn cnh Oy, ly 2 im C, D sao cho OC = 8cm, OD = 10cm.
a) Prove that: OCB OAD.
b) Gi I l giao im ca AD and BC. Prove that BAI DCI .
HD:
Bi 6. Cho tam gic ABC c cc cnh AB = 24cm, AC = 28cm. ng phn gic gc A ct cnh
BC ti D. Gi M, N ln lt l hnh chiu ca cc im B, C trn The line AD.
BM AM DM
a) Tnh t s b) Prove that .
CN AN DN
BM 6
HD: a) Prove that BDM CDN b) Prove that ABM CAN.
CN 7
Bi 7. Cho parallelogram ABCD. V CE AB and CF AD, BH AC.
a) Prove that ABH ACE. b) Prove that: AB.AE AD.AF AC 2 .
HD: b) Prove that: AB.AE = AC.AH, AD.AF = AC.CH pcm.
Bi 8. Cho Trapezoid ABCD (AB // CD). Gi O l giao im ca hai ng cho AC and BD.
a) Prove that OA.OD = OB.OC.
OH AB
b) The line qua O, vung gc vi AB, CD theo th t ti H, K. Prove that .
OK CD
HD: a) Prove that OAB OCD.
Bi 9. Cho tam gic ABC c ba gc nhn. Gi O l giao im ca ba ng cao AH, BK, CI.
a) Prove that OK.OB = OI.OC b) Prove that OKI OCB
c) Prove that BOH BCK d) Prove that BO.BK CO.CI BC 2 .
HD:
Bi 10. Cho tam gic ABC vung A, AB = 5,4cm, AC = 7,2cm.
a) Tnh BC.
b) T trung im M ca BC, v The line vung gc vi BC, ct The line AC ti H and ct The
line AB ti E. Prove that EMB CAB.
c) Tnh EB and EM.
d) Prove that BH vung gc vi EC.
e) Prove that HA.HC = HM.HE.
HD: a) BC 9(cm) c) EM 6(cm), EB 7,5(cm)
Bi 11. Cho tam gic ABC vung A, ng cao AH.
a) Hy nu tng cp cc tam gic ng dng.
b) Cho AB = 12,45cm, AC = 20,50cm. Tnh di cc on thng BC, AH, BH, CH.
HD: b) BC = 23,98cm, AH = 10,64cm, HB = 6,45cm, HC = 17,53cm.
20
Bi 12. Cho tam gic ABC and ng cao AH, AB = 5cm, BH = 3cm, AC cm.
3
a) Tnh di AH b) Prove that ABH CAH. T tnh BAC .
HD: a) AH = 4cm b) BAC 900 .
Bi 13. Cho quadrilateral ABCD, c DBC 900 , AD 20cm, AB 4cm, DB 6cm,
DC 9cm.
a) Tnh gc BAD b) Prove that BAD DBC c) Prove that DC // AB.
HD: a) BAD 900
Bi 14.
a)
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Duong Quang Geometry 8

HD:

BI TP N CHNG III

Bi 1. Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A, AB = 15cm, AC = 20cm. Tia phn gic ca gc A, ct cnh
BC ti D.
DB
a) Tnh .
DC
b) The line qua D, song song vi AB, ct AC ti E. Prove that EDC ABC.
c) Tnh DE and din tch ca tam gic EDC.
DB 3 60 2400
HD: a) c) DE (cm) , SEDC (cm2) .
DC 4 7 49
Bi 2. Cho tam gic cn ABC, AB = AC = b, BC = a. V cc ng cao BH, CK.
a) Prove that BK = CH b) Prove that KH // BC c) Tnh di HC and HK.
a2 a3
HD: c) HC , KH a .
2b 2b2
Bi 3. Cho tam gic cn ABC (AB = AC), I l trung im ca BC. Trn cc cnh AB, AC ly ln
lt cc im K, H sao cho BK .CH BI 2 . Prove that:
a) KBI ICH b) KIH KBI
c) KI l phn gic ca gc BKH d) IH .KB HC.IK HK .BI .
HD: d) Prove that IH .KB HC.IK BI (KI IH ) HK .BI .
Bi 4. Cho tam gic ABC (AB < AC). V ng cao AH, ng phn gic trong AD, ng trung
tuyn AM.
a) Prove that HD DM HM .
b) V cc ng cao BF, CE. So snh hai on thng BF and CE.
c) Prove that AFE ABC.
d) Gi O l trc tm ca ABC. Prove that BO.BF CO.CE BC 2 .

HD: a) AB < AC DC > MC, CAH A D nm gia H and M pcm.
2
b) BF < CE d) BO.BF = BC.BH, CO.CE = BC.CH
AD AE
Bi 5. cho tam gic ABC. Trn cc cnh AB, AC ly ln lt cc im D, E sao cho .
AB AC
ng trung tuyn AI (I BC) ct on thng DE ti H. Prove that DH = HE.
DH HE
HD: pcm.
BI IC

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Geometry 8 Duong Quang

Bi 6. Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A, C 300 and ng phn gic BD (D AC).
DA
a) Tnh t s b) Cho AB = 12,5cm. Tnh chu vi and din tch tam gic ABC.
CD
DA 1
HD: a) b) BC = 25cm, AC = 21,65cm.
DC 2
Bi 7. Cho tam gic u ABC cnh a, M l trung im ca BC. Trn cnh AB ly im D, trn
cnh AC ly im E sao cho DME 600 .
a2
a) Prove that BD.CE .
4
b) Prove that MBD EMD and ECM EMD.
c) Tnh khong cch t im M n The line DE.
a 3
HD: c) V MH DE, MK EC MH = MK; MK MC 2 CK 2 .
4
Bi 8. Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A, A 200 , AB = AC = b, BC = a. Trn cnh AC ly im D sao
cho DBC 200 .
a) Prove that BDC ABC.
b) V AE vung gc vi BD ti E. Tnh di cc on thng AD, DE, AE.
c) Prove that a3 b3 3ab2 .
b 3 DE b a a2
HD: b) AE , , AD b c) AD2 DE 2 AE 2 pcm.
2 2 b
Bi 9. Cho tam gic ABC, trung tuyn AM, K l im trn AM sao cho AM = 3AK, BK ct AC ti
N, P l trung im ca NC.
a) Tnh t s din tch ca cc tam gic ANK and AMP.
b) Cho bit din tch ABC bng S. tnh din tch tam gic ANK.
AB AC
c) Mt The line qua K ct cc cnh AB, AC ln lt ti I and J. Prove that 6.
AI AJ
SANK 1 3 1 S
HD: a) b) SAMP SAMC ; SAMC SABC SANK .
SAMP 9 5 2 30
c) V BE // IJ, CH // IJ (E, H AM) EBM = HCM EM = MH;
AB AE AC AH
, pcm.
AI AK AJ AK
Bi 10. Cho tam gic ABC. Gi M, N theo th t l trung im ca BC, AC. O l giao im cc
ng trung trc, H l trc tm, G l trng tm ca tam gic ABC.
a) Prove that OMN HAB.
b) So snh di AH and OM.
c) Prove that HAG OMG.
d) Prove that ba im H, G, O thng hng and GH = 2GO.
HD: b) AH = 2OM d) HGO HGM MGO HGM AGH MGA 1800 pcm.
Bi 11. Cho tam gic ABC, cc ng cao AK and BD ct nhau ti G. V cc ng trung trc HE,
HF ca AC and BC. Prove that:
a) BG = 2HE b) AG = 2HF.
HD: ABG FEH pcm.
Bi 12. Cho Trapezoid vung ABCD (AB // DC, A D 900 ). ng cho BD vung gc vi
cnh bn BC. Prove that BD2 AB.DC .
HD: Prove that ABD BCD.
Bi 13. Cho tam gic cn ABC (AB = AC), O l trung im ca cnh y BC. Mt im D di ng
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Duong Quang Geometry 8

OB2
trn cnh AB. Trn cnh AC ly mt im E sao cho CE . Prove that:
BD
a) Hai tam gic DBO, OCE ng dng.
b) Tam gic DOE cng ng dng vi hai tam gic trn.
c) DO l phn gic ca gc BDE , EO l phn gic ca gc CED .
d) Khong cch t im O n on ED khng i khi D di ng trn AB.
HD: d) V OI DE, OH AC OI = OH.
Bi 14. Cho tam gic ABC, trong B,C l cc gc nhn. Cc ng cao AA, BB, CC ct nhau
ti H.
a) Prove that: AA.AH = AB.AC.
b) Gi G l trng tm ca tam gic ABC. Gi s The line GH song song vi cnh y BC.
Prove that: AA2 3AB.AC .
AA
HD: a) Prove that BAH BBC, CAA CBB b) GH // BC AH .
3
Bi 15. Cho Trapezoid KLMN (KN // LM). gi E l giao im ca hai ng cho. Qua E, v mt
1 1 1
The line song song vi LM, ct MN ti F. Prove that: .
EF KN LM
EF EF
HD: Tnh cc t s , .
LM KN
Bi 16. Qua mt im O tu trong tam gic ABC, v The line song song vi AB, ct AC and
BC ln lt ti D and E; The line song song vi AC, ct AB and BC ln lt F and K; The
line song song vi BC, ct AB and AC ln lt M and N. Prove that:
AF BE CN
1.
AB BC CA
AF KC CN KE
HD: Prove that , pcm.
AB BC CA BC
Bi 17. Qua mt im O tu trong tam gic ABC, v cc The line AO, BO, CO ct BC, CA, AB
OA OB OC
ln lt ti A, B, C. Prove that: 1.
AA BB CC
OA OI SBOC OI S OA
HD: V AH BC, OI BC ; BOC .
AA AH SABC AH SABC AA
SCOA OB SAOB OC
Tng t: , pcm.
SABC BB SABC CC
Bi 18. Trn cc cnh BC, CA, AB ca tam gic ABC, ly ln lt cc im P, Q, R. Prove that
PB QC RA
rng nu cc The line AP, BQ, CR ng qui ti O th . . 1 (nh l Ceva).
PC QA RB
HD: Qua C and A v cc The line song song vi BQ, ct The line AP ti E and ct The line CR
PB OB RA AD QC EC
ti D. Prove that , , pcm.
PC EC RB OB QA AD
Bi 19. Trn cc The line qua cc cnh BC, CA, AB ca tam gic ABC, ly ln lt cc im P, Q,
R (khng trng vi nh no ca tam gic). Prove that rng nu ba im P, Q, R thng hng
PB QC RA
th . . 1 (nh l Menelaus).
PC QA RB
HD: Gi cc khong cch t A, B, C n The line PQR l m, n, p.
PB n QC p RA m
Ta c: , , pcm.
PC p QA m RB n

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Geometry 8 Duong Quang

Bi 20.
a)
HD:

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