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Fatigue PDF
Fatigue PDF
S-N Curve (alternating stress amplitude (Sa) versus number of cycles (Nf)
to failure)
800
Sa = a
(MPa) 600
e= Se endurance limit
400
Nf , cycles to failure
stress a
a time
Mean Stress Effects
max
a
min
m
fully reversed
R = 1 A =
zero to max
R=0 A =1
zero to min
R= A = 1
Mean Stress Effects
100
a usual S-N curve
0
100
200
m = 400 MPa
Nf
106 107
u ultimate stress
a m
a. Soderberg (USA, 1930) + =1
e y
a m y
b. Goodman (England, 1899) + =1 yield stress
e u
a b d
y u f m
General observations
1. Most actual test data tend to fall between the Goodman and Gerber
curves.
2. For most fatigue situations R<1 ( i.e. small mean stress in relation
to alternating stress), there is little difference in the theories
u m
m u
2. That curve is then used to solve for the effective purely
alternating stress, e , that will cause failure at this same lifetime:
a m
+ =1
e u
solve for
3. Using this effective alternating stress, determine the lifetime for
this stress (and the corresponding original alternating and mean
stresses) from the S-N diagram for the given material:
Nf cycles to failure
Some References on Fatigue Design