DEPARTMENT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING 1200kg/s.

calculate the burnout velocity in m/s, if the specific impulse

III B.TECH. VI Semester. of the rocket engine is 240 s.
CYCLE TEST-I Given:
AS1012: Rocket Propulsion. Date: 04-03-2016
Mi = 10000 kg
Time: 100 minutes Max. Marks: 40
PART-A (4X4=16 Marks) Mp = 8400 kg
Answer Any Four Questions Isp = 240s
1. Calculate the mass of the propellant carried by a single stage rocket, SOLUTION
having an initial mass of 10000kg and specific impulse of 450s, V j I sp g 240 9.81 2354.4 m / s
launched from the surface of the earth and has to reach the escape Mp 8400
M p m p tb tb 7s
velocity(11km/s) at burn out.
1200
mp
Given:
Mi = 10000 kg Mi
V V j ln gtb
M M
Isp = 450s i p

V = 11km/s 10000
V 2354.4 ln 9.81 7
SOLUTION 10000 8400
V j I sp g 450 9.81 4414.5 m / s V 4245.95m / s
Mi 3. A stationary two stage rocket with initial mass of 16000kg, carrying a
V V j ln
M M payload of 1000kg, is fired in a vertical trajectory from the surface of
i p

10000
the earth. Both the stages of the rocket have same specific impulse,
11000 4414.5 ln
10000 M p
Isp, of 300s and same structural coefficient of 0.14. The acceleration

due to gravity is 9.81m/s 2. Calculate the terminal velocity attained by
10000
e 11000/4414.5 the payload in m/s by neglecting drag and gravity effects and
10000 M p
considering both the stages with same payload ratio.
10000 Given:
M p 10000 11000/4414.5
e Mi = 16000 kg
M p 9172.38kg
Mpy = 1000 kg
Isp = 300s
2. A rocket, with a total lift-off mass of 10000 kg, moves vertically
SOLUTION
upward from rest under a constant gravitational acceleration of 9.81
m/s2. The propellant mass of 8400 kg burns at a constant rate of
 V j1 V j 2 I sp g 300 9.81 2943 m / s Toxicity-less or no toxic
M S1 MS2 Cost
0.14
M S1 M p1 M S 2 M p 2 5. An engine operates with an equivalence ratio of 0.3 with an airflow
M S1 1 0.14 0.14 M p1 0
rate of 15kg/s. the equivalent composition of fuel C 2H4. Determine the
fuel mass flow rate and operation air to fuel ratio.
M py M py
Payload Mass Fraction
M S 1 M p1 M S 2 M p2
PART-B (2X12=24 Marks)
M S1 M p1 M S 2 M p 2 1. A 3-stage rocket used to launch a satellite of payload 850kg comprises
M S1 M p1 M S 2 M p 2 M py 16000 of the data given in the table.
M S1 M p1 7500 PARAMETERS STAGE-1 STAGE-2 STAGE-3
Propellant Mass (kg) 10000 6000 5000
solving both equations we get
Structural Mass (kg) 2000 1500 1000
M S1 1050 M S 2 Effective jet 1500 2000 -
M p1 6450 M p 2 Velocity(m/s)
16000 8500 Specific Impulse(sec) - - 450
V V1 V2 V j1 ln V j 2 ln SMR 0.1667 0.2 0.1667
16000 6450 8500 6450

V 5704.34m / s PMR 0.833 0.8 0.833
earth velocity 445m / s Del V 715.86 1082.97 5778.86
Terminal velocity=5704.34 445 6149.34m / s
Total Del V 7577.69
Find structural mass fraction, propellant mass fraction for each
4. What are the criteria for selection of the chemical propellant? Name stage, change in velocity for each stage and the net change in velocity.
any two solid and liquid propellants used in rocket. (OR)
Elements having lower atomic mass are preferred to obtain lower 2. A chemical rocket is used for launch a satellite into earth orbit. At the
molecular mass of the combustion gases. end of the combustion the stagnation temperature is 3500K and the
Smaller values of specific heat ratio is preferred to obtain higher stagnation pressure is 22MPa. The molecular mass of the combustion
values of characteristic velocity product is 26 kg/kmol. The gases expanded isentropically as an ideal
Propellant density: higher density propellant. gas mixture with a specific heat ratio of 1.2 and the throat diameter is
Stability of fuel and oxidiser: propellants with positive heat of 0.1m. At sea level determine the following: effective jet velocity,
formation are less stable and reacts spontaneously and explode. So nozzle expansion ratio, Specific Impulse, Characteristic velocity, ideal
choose propellants with negative heat of formation. and actual thrust coefficient and optimum rocket thrust.
Storability-temperature for storing propellant
Corrosiveness-less corrosive
solution 8314
i.Exit jet velocity
1.2 1
2 1.2 3500
1.2 1
2 2 1.2 1 1 26 1 1.01325
1.2

C0F 1.2
1
1 1.2 1 8314 1.2 1 220

Pe 3500
2 RTc 2 R0Tc 1 Pe

VJ 1 26
1 Pc Molecular mass 1 Pc C 0
1.7286
F

iv.Specific impulse
1.2 1

2 1.2 8314 3500 1.01325 1.2 VJ
VJ 1 I sp
26 1.2 1 220 g

2819.95
VJ 2819.95m / s I sp 287.45s
9.81
ii.Characteristic velocity v.Thrust.
1
F C 0 F Pc At

2 2 1
F 1.7286 22 106 0.1
1
1.2 1 F 3.803MN

2 2 1.2 1
1.2 0.6485 3. Calculate (a) the mole fraction and mass fraction of fuel, (b) the
1
stoichiometric ratio, (c) the mole fraction and mass fraction of the
1 1 R0Tc
C RTc products, (d) Heat of combustion, of propane with pure oxygen, and n-
Molecular mass
butane with air.
1 8314 3500 H f propane 103.85kJ / mol
C 1631.33m / s
0.6485 26
iii.Ideal optimum thrust coefficient H f butane 125.6kJ / mol
1

1 H f CO2 393.51kJ / mol
2 2 1 1 2 RTc Pe
C0F 1
1 RTc 1 Pc
H f H 2O 285.83kJ / mol

Solution c) mole fraction of products
Case 1 Mo.FH 2O
4
0.5714
C3 H 8 xO2 3CO2 4 H 2O 3 4
3
m/2 8 Mo.FCO2 0.4285
where, x n 3 3 2 5 3 4
2 4 mass fraction of products
a) Mole fraction of fuel
4(2(1) 16)
1 Ma.FH 2O 0.3529
Mo.FC3 H8 0.167 3(12 32) 4(2(1) 16)
1 5 3(12 32)
Mass fraction of fuel Ma.FCO2 0.6470
3(12 32) 4(2(1) 16)
1(3(12) 8(1)) d ) Heat of Combustion
Ma.FC4 H10 0.216
1(3(12) 8(1)) 5(32) H 3(393.51) 4( 285.83) (103.85)
b)stoichiometric ratio H 2220kJ

mox 5(32)

3.64 Case 2
mf 1(3(12) 8(1))
C4 H10 x O2 3.76 N 2 4CO2 5 H 2O x 3.76 N 2
m/2 10
where, x n 4 4 2.5 6.5
2 4
a) Mole fraction of fuel
1
Mo.FC4 H10 0.0313
1 6.5 6.5(3.76)
Mass fraction of fuel
1(4(12) 10(1))
Ma.FC4 H10 0.0610
1(4(12) 10(1)) 6.5(32) 6.5 3.76(28)
b) stoichiometric ratio

m ox 6.5(32) 6.5 3.76(28)

15.385
mf 1(4(12) 10(1))
c) mole fraction of products
4
Mo.FH 2O 0.1196
4 5 6.5(3.76)
5
Mo.FCO2 0.1495
4 5 6.5(3.76)
6.5(3.76)
Mo.FN2 0.7308
4 5 6.5(3.76)
mass fraction of products
5(2(1) 16)
Ma.FH 2O 0.0947
4(12 32) 5(2(1) 16) 6.5(3.76)(28)
4(12 32)
Ma.FCO2 0.1852
4(12 32) 5(2(1) 16) 6.5(3.76)(28)
6.5(3.76)(28)
Ma.FN2 0.7201
4(12 32) 5(2(1) 16) 6.5(3.76)(28)
d ) Heat of Combustion
H 4(393.51) 5( 285.83) ( 125.6)
H 2877.6kJ