BASIC LABORATORY RULES:

1. Always follow procedures.

2. Use service manuals as often as possible. They often contain specific safety
information.
3. Investigate before you act.
4. When in doubt, do not act. Ask your instructor or laboratory head.
GENERAL SAFETY RULES
For Electricity and Electronics

Safe practices will protect you and your fellow students. Study the following rules. Discuss with others,
and ask your instructor about any you do not understand.

1. Do not work when tired and taking medicine that makes you drowsy.
2. Do not work in poor light.
3. Do not work in damp areas or with wet shoes or clothing.
4. Use approved tools, equipment, and protective devices.
5. Avoid wearing rings, bracelets, and similar metal items when working around exposed electric
circuits.
6. Never assume that a circuit is OFF. Double check it with an instrument that you are sure is
operational.
7. Some situations require a buddy system to guarantee that power will not be turned on while
technicians are working on a circuit.
8. Never tamper with or try to override safety devices such as an interlock (a type of switch that
automatically removes power when door is opened or a panel removed).
9. Keep tools and test equipment clean and in good working condition. Replace insulated probes and
lead at the first sign of deterioration.
10. Some devices, such as capacitors, can store lethal charge. They may store this charge for long
periods of time. You must be certain that these devices are discharged before working around
them.
11. Do not remove grounds and do not use adaptors that defeat the equipment ground.
12. Use only approved fire extinguisher for electrical and electronic component.
13. Water can conduct electricity and may severely damage equipment. Carbon dioxide (CO2) or
halogenated type extinguisher are usually preferred. Foam type extinguishers may also be desired
some cases. Commercial fire extinguishers are rated for the type of fires for which they are
effective. Use only those rated for the proper working conditions.
14. Follow directions when using solvents and other chemicals. They may be toxic, flammable, or
damage certain materials such as plastic.
15. A few materials used in electronic equipment are toxic. Examples include tantalum capacitors and
beryllium oxide transistor cases. These devices should not be crushed or abraded, and you should
wash your hands thoroughly after handling them. Other materials (such as heat shrink tubing)
may produce irritating fumes if overheated.
16. Certain circuit components affect the safe performance of equipment and systems. Use only exact
or approved replacement parts.
17. Use protective clothing and safety glasses when handling high vacuum such as picture tubes and
cathode ray tubes.
18. Do not work on equipment if you do not know the proper precaution and not aware of any
potential safety hazards.
19. Do not rush. Many accidents have been caused by people rushing and cutting corners.

MICROWAVE SAFETY, HAZARDS

AND PRECAUTIONS
 1. NEVER make or break any connections carrying microwave energy when the system is
under power.
2. ALWAYS terminate a microwave set up in suitable load.
3. If possible, work in an echoless area where reflections from the flat walls and other plane
surface are reduced to a minimum. Not only is this good safety practice, but also it will
eliminate contamination of experimental results.
4. ALWAYS place UHF/SHF generators on standby when not in use, when making or
breaking connections, or when preparing experimental set up. An un-terminated coaxial
cable, for example, sprays microwave energy around like waters from garden hose.
5. Be certain to erect suitable physical barriers to prevent an unwary pedestrian from
accidentally straying into your induction field of antenna set-up. A physical barrier may
consist of simply roping off the area with wide red or yellow tape.
6. NEVER walk or stand in front of near any microwave antenna when it is radiating. This
is especially true of high-pulse radar antenna.
7. Take the time required to protect yourself and others. Running, horseplay, and practical
jokes are strictly forbidden in shops and laboratories.

CARE OF
LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS

FUNCTION GENERATOR

1. To avoid fire hazard, use only the power cord specified for this product.
2. To avoid electric shocks or fire hazard, do not apply a voltage to a terminal that is outside
the range specified for that terminal.
3. This product is grounded through the grounding conductor must be connected to earth
ground. Before making connections to the input or output terminals of the product, ensure
that the product is properly grounded.
4. To avoid electric shock, do not operate this product with covers or panel removed.
5. To avoid fire hazard, use only the fuse type and rating specified for this product.
6. To avoid electric shock, do not operate this product in wet or damp conditions.
7. To avoid injury or fire hazard, do not operate this product in an explosive atmosphere.
8. Before applying power, ensure that the line selector is in the proper position for the
power source being used.
9. To prevent product overheating, provide proper ventilation.
10. If you suspect there is a damage to this product, have it inspected by qualified service
personnel.
SPECTRUM ANALYZER

1. Use a power cable rated for the voltage in question. Be sure however to use a power
cable conforming the safety standard of your nation when using a product overseas.
2. When inserting the plug into the electrical outlet, first turn the power switch OFF and
then insert the plug as far as it will go.
3. When removing the plug into the electrical outlet, first turn the power switch OFF
and then pull it out by gripping the plug. Do not pull on the power cable itself. Make
sure your hands are dry at this time.
4. Before turning on the power, be sure to check that the supply voltage matches the
voltage requirements of the instruments.
5. Be sure to plug the power cable into an electrical outlet which has safety ground
terminal. Grounding will be defeated if you use an extension cord which does not
include a safety grounded terminal.
6. Be sure to use fuses rated for the voltage in the question.
7. Do not use this instrument with the case open.
8. Do not lac objects on the top of this product. Also, do not lace flower pots or other
containers containing liquid such as chemicals near this product.
9. When the product has ventilation outlets, do not stick or drop metal or easily
flammable objects into the ventilation outlets.
10. When using the product on a cart, fix it with belts to avoid this drop.
11. When connecting the product to peripheral equipment, turn the power OFF.

DIGITAL MULTIMETER

1. Do not use deteriorated or damaged testing leads. Check testing leads before use.
2. Do not use the instrument if there is any damage to the casing or when the casing is
removed.
3. Disconnect the instrument from the circuit under test before opening the casing to
replace batteries or for any reason.
4. Avoid using the instrument if it has been exposed to rain or moisture or if your hands
are wet.
5. Do not use the instrument in an atmosphere where any flammable or explosive gas is
present.
OSCILLOSCOPE

1. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage components in the oscilloscope and its
accessories. To prevent ESD, observe these precautions when directed to do so.
2. Wear grounded antistatic wrist strap to discharge the static voltage from your body while
installing or removing sensitive components.
3. Do not use any devices capable of generating or holding a static charge in the work area.
Where you install or remove sensitive components. Avoid handling sensitive components
in areas that have a floor bench to surface capable of generating a static charge.
4. Do not slide sensitive components over any surface. Do not touch exposed connector
pins. Handle sensitive components as little as possible.
5. Transports and store sensitive components in a static-protected bag or container.

POWER SUPPLY

1. When the required voltage and the current parameter values are not known, start by
using the lowest values.
2. Before disconnecting the connection leads of the circuit being tested, make sure that
the power supply is switched off. This prevents the creation of break or closure extra-
currents which may melt the fuse at high currents.
3. Never exceed a total output of 60V peak in relation to earth (common mode).
4. The instrument must be laces in ventilated room. Take care not to obstruct the
ventilation holes.