11 0607 General Testing Methods Water Treatment PDF

WATER TREATMENT TESTING METHODS
EASY-TO-USE TEST KITS - BOILER & COOLING WATER

Recommended Treatments:
Diesel engine - cooling water testing
Nitrites Cooltreat NCLT
Chlorides ColorCooling
pH NCLT Aluminium
Motor vessels with low-pressure boilers
"P" Alkalinity Boiler Treat One Shot
Chlorides (or TDS Meter) Condensate Treat
Nitrite Cooltreat NCLT
pH Boiler Treat Multi
High-pressure boiler water testing (Senior Cabinet)
Hardness Hardness Control
"P" Alkalinity Alkalinity Control
"M" Alkalinity Hydrazine
Chlorides Condensate Control
Phosphate Oxygen Control
pH (pH Meter) Liquid Coagulant
Hydrazine -
Conductivity (TDS Meter) -
A TEST KIT TO SUIT ALL YOUR REQUIREMENTS
Vecom TEST APPARATUS
TEST CABINET
The TEST CABINET has to be positioned close to fresh water

tab so that all glassware can be washed after any of the
tests.
Measures: 440 x 290 x 620
Distance center holes to hang up cabinet: 358 mm
Weight fully equipped: approx. 25 kg
Vecom Marine is a joint venture of Vecom Group & Unimarine Group - Version 3.1 - Chapter 11 - Page 20
CONTENTS OF STANDARD TEST CABINET
Burette only 10 mis 3 SODIUM NITRITE TEST KIT (Optional)

Reservoir bottle (glass) for burette 1 Sample tube marked 25 ml 1
Aspirator bulb w/glass tube 1 Dropper bottle 1
Stopper rubber 2 holes 1 Plastic dipper 1
Brass dipper 1 Acid sulfate 1
Brush test tube 1 Potassium permanganate 1
Casserole dish 1 pH TEST KIT (Optional)
Cylinder graduated 50 mis 1 Test tube marked 10 - 11 ml 1
Cylinder graduated 100 mis 1 Dropper bottle 1
Dropper bottles 3 pH color indicator card 1
Filter paper box 12 cm. 1 pH Reagent wide range 1
Funnel 1 HYDRAZINE TEST KIT (Optional LP Boiler)
Measuring cup for water sample 500 cc 1 Hydrazine comparator block LP (0-0,5) 1
Phosphate comparator block 20 80 PPM 1 Dropper bottle 1
Phosphate test tube marked 5-10-14-17.5 1 Amber bottle marked 44 mis 1
Plastic squeeze bottle for molybdate 1 Test tube marked 5 - 10 mis 1
pH Test paper 1 Hydrazine reagent A 1
Stirring rod 1 Hydrazine reagent B 1
Shaker bottle 50 ml 1 SULFITE TEST (Optional)
REAGENTS Reagents:
Methyl orange 1 Standard N/80 Potassium Iodine-Iodate 1
Molybdate reagent 1 Solution
Phenolphtalein 1 Dry Acid Starch Indicator 1
Potassium chromate 1 SPECIAL EQUIPMENT (Optional)
Silver nitrate N/10 1 TDS METER Total dissolved solid/HI 8734 1
Silver nitrate N/50 (HP Boiler) 1 TDS METER DIST 1 1
Standard soap solution 1 pH METER Digital (pH ep+) 1
Stannous chloride powder 1
Sulfuric acid N.10 1
HYDRAZINE TEST KIT (HP Boiler)

Test Kit, contains 30 CHEMets, sampling tube comparator, mounting K-7540
clamps, finger cot & instructions,
Refill Pack, contains 30 CHEMets, R-7540
Comparator, contains liquid color standard 0,5,10,15,20,25,30,40 PPB, C-7540
Sampling Tube, package of six, A-0020
Mounting Clamp Adhesive, package of six, A-0022
Mounting Clamp Permanent, package of six, A-0034
Finger Cot, package of ten, A-0028
APPARATUS FOR WATER TESTS
SOAP HARDNESS TEST
This test is conducted to measure any hardness such as CaCO3 in the boiler water.
Apparatus:
10 ml Automatic Burette Complete (1)
50 ml Graduated Soap Hardness Shaker Bottle (1)
Reagent:
Standard Soap Solution (1 ml = Calcium Carbonate)
Procedure:
1. If the sample to be tested is highly turbid, it should first be filtered. Any
suspended hardness will give erroneous results.
2. Fill burette to 0 mark with Soap Solution, making sure that delivery tube is
filled to tip.
3. Wash shaker-bottle thoroughly and rinse with sample to be tested.
4. Add 50 ml of cooled sample into the shaker bottle, using the graduated mark
on the bottle for a guide.
5. Add Soap Solution from the burette, 0.2 at a time, shaking vigorously after
each addition. Continue the addition of Soap Solution until a permanent
lather is formed (a lather is considered permanent if it covers the entire surface of the sample after 10 - 20 second
with the bottle turned on its side).
6. Record burette reading. Deduct 0.3 mis from the reading. This is the lather factor of the Soap Solution and is the
amount of Soap Solution required giving a lasting lather on zero hardness water. The result after such deduction
is the total hardness of the sample. Multiply this value by 20 to get parts per million. Enter parts per million
hardness on the log sheet.
EXCESS PHOSPHATE TEST

High Range
Apparatus:
Phosphate Mixing Testing Tube graduated at 5 ml and 17.5 ml with Rubber Stopper (1)
Brass Measuring Spoon (1)
Phosphate Color Comparator Block (1)
Reagents:
Dry Stannous Chloride Power
Molybdate Reagent
Procedure:
1. Using the funnel and the filter paper, filter a small portion of the water to be tested into a cylinder.
2. If the filtered sample is not clear it should be Re-filtered until a clear sample is obtained. It is important that no
suspended matter should be present in the filtered sample.
3. Pour the clear filtered sample from the cylinder into the combination mixing-testing tube to the first graduated
line (this is at 5 ml).
4. Add Molybdate Reagent to the 17.5 ml graduated line.
5. Mix well and then add one brass measuring cupful of Stannous Chloride Powder.
6. Insert rubber stopper into combination mixing-testing tube. Shake well and allow to stand for a minute or two
again to permit solution to mix thoroughly. A blue color will develop if any Phosphate is present.
7. To determine the amount of Phosphate present, compare the blue color of the sample in the combination mixing-
testing tube with the standard colors in the Phosphate comparator block. For example, if the intensity of the blue
color in the test tube is half way between 40 parts per million and 60 part per million standard colors, then 50
PPM is present in the sample.
8. Record this value as the Phosphate concentration in parts per million on the log sheet.
LOW PHOSPHATE TEST FOR HIGH PRESSURE BOILER from 57 to 102 Kg/cm2
The phosphate test tube must be marked 5-10-14-17,5 ml but is used only to the 10-14 ml marks.
1. Filter 10 ml of boiler water into phosphate mixing test tube.

2. Add molybdate reagent to 14 ml mark. Stopper tube and mix well.
3. Add one level brass dipper of dry stannous chloride. Stopper tube and mix well, allow to stand 1-5 minutes. A
light blue color will develop if phosphate is present.
4. Place phosphate mixing test tube in the phosphate comparator block and compare the color.
Note: from 57 to 102 kg/cm2 level phosphates must be 10-25 PPM.
HYDRAZINE TEST
(Low Pressure Boiler Water)
Apparatus:
Hydrazine Comparator Block (0-0.5 PPM) (1)
Test tube marked at 5 and 10 ml, with stopper (1)
Amber stopper bottle marked at 44 ml for making
mixed Hydrazine Reagent (1)
Plastic measuring spoon (approximately 1/2 teaspoon) (1)
Reagents:
Hydrazine Reagent A - powder
Hydrazine Reagent B - liquid
Every two weeks prepare the freshly mixed Hydrazine Reagent

used in this test: Mix 1 rounded plastic spoonful (approximately 1/2 level teaspoon) Hydrazine Reagent A in 44 ml
Hydrazine Reagent B in the amber glass bottle. Shake until Reagent Powder A is completely dissolved. Keep tightly
closed in a cool place. Discard any mixed reagent over two weeks old.
Procedure:
1. Make test immediately after drawing sample to minimize contact with oxygen. Do not filter this sample.
2. Rinse test tube with water to be analyzed.
3. Fill test tube to the 5 ml mark with sample to be tested.
4. Add mixed Hydrazine Reagent to the 10 ml mark.
5. Stopper test tube and thoroughly mix. Allow to stand for 5 minutes.
6. Place test tube in comparator block and compare the color of the sample nearest to the color standard.
7. Record PPM of Hydrazine on the log sheet.
SULFITE TEST
(Low Pressure Boiler Water)
Apparatus:
Automatic 10 ml Burette Complete (1)
50 ml Graduated Cylinder (1)
Stirring Rod (1)
Casserole Dish (1)
Reagents:
Standard N/80 Potassium Iodide - Iodate Solution
Dry Acid Starch Indicator
Procedure:
1. Measure 50 ml of the cooled boiler water 21-26 C to be tested in
the graduated cylinder and pour the sample into the casserole.
2. While stirring the sample constantly with the stirring rod, add 2
drops of Phenolphtalein. The sample turns red.
3. While continuing to stir, add one, two or more dippers full of Dry Acid Starch Indicator to the sample in the
casserole dish until the red color disappears.
4. Fill the burette with Potassium Iodide - Iodate to the zero mark.
5. Resume stirring the sample and add Potassium Iodide - Iodate, drop by drop, from the burette to the casserole.
6. Stop adding the Potassium Iodide - Iodate when a faint but permanent blue color appears. This is the end-point.
Read the burette.
Results: When testing a 50 ml sample: Burette reading in ml x 10 = PPM. Sulfite as SO3.

Example: 2.5 ml x 10 + 25 PPM. Sulfite SO3.
Note: The end-point is the first appearance of a faint, permanent blue color; not the deep blue color that
develops if Potassium Iodide - Iodate is added past the end-point.
The accuracy of this test is affected by any oxidizing substance in the water sample, such as organic matter, sulfite or
nitrite, which may actually present. Keep sample bottle capped until ready to use.
HYDRAZINE TEST FOR HIGH PRESSURE BOILERS
From 57 to 102 Kg/cm2 (model H5 cat. n K5005)
This test is conducted to measure the hydrazine as N2H4
Apparatus:
Hydrazine comparator cylinder (1)
Snapper (1)
Hydrazine sample self-filling vial (1)
Reagents:
n 30 vials (CHEMets Type H cat. n R 5005)
Procedure:
1. Place a CHEMet in the barrel of the snapper, tapered tip first, and immerse the end of the snapper in the sample.
Press the vial with the thumb to snap the tip. The sample fluid will fill the ampoule, mix with the reagent, and
form colored solution whose intensity corresponds to the concentration of hydrazine. A small bubble will remain
in the tube
2. Remove the ampoule from the snapper and invert it several times, allowing the bubble to travel from end to end
each time until the solution is uniform in color.
3. Allow 10 minutes for color development, then place the ampoule in the center tube of the comparator, flat end
first. The top of the cylinder is then directed toward a strong white light while viewing from the bottom. Hold the
comparator in a nearly horizontal position and rotate it until the color standard below the vial shows the closest
match.
P.S.: if the sample is turbid remember to filter it prior to testing to avoid errors in reading.
CHLORIDE TEST FOR HIGH PRESSURE BOILERS
Apparatus:
10 ml Automatic Burette Complete (1)
50 ml Measuring cylinder graduated (1)
Casserole dish (1)
Stirring rod (1)
1 oz. Dropper bottle (1)
Reagents:
Potassium Chromate
Silver Nitrate N/50
Procedure:
1. Fill the silver nitrate N\50 burette to the zero mark.
2. To the same sample remaining from total alkalinity test, add 1
dropper full of potassium chromate Indicator. This will produce a
yellow color.
3. Add silver nitrate N\50 from the automatic burette one drop at a
time. Stir continuously until a reddish brown color develops.
4. This is the end point.
Note: Deduct a blank of 0.2 ml of the burette reading and then multiply by 14 to obtain parts per million in terms of
Cl. Record the PPM of Cl on the log sheet.
Alternative Chloride test:

To 50 ml of new water sample add four drops of phenolphtalein. If pink color develops add sulfuric acid N\10 until
color disappears. Then proceed with point 1 above.
DISSOLVED OXYGEN TEST METHODS FOR HIGH PRESSURE BOILERS
THE CHEMet TEST METHOD

Calorimetric determination of dissolved oxygen in boiler feedwater is well established as an accurate and reliable test
method (ASTM D888). However, the development of CHEMets1 and the use of a more sensitive reagent, Rhodazine D2,
have greatly improved the calorimetric test. With CHEMets, the chance for atmospheric contamination has been reduced
and the need for preparing and using a highly degradable reagent has been eliminated. The use of Rhodazine D has also
expanded the area of applicability to seawater. Each CHEMet contains a carefully measured quantity of Rhodazine D
sufficient to react with a level of oxygen slightly higher than the range of the test. In its reduced (in-oxidized) form, the dye
is a pale yellow; however, contact with oxygen changes the color to a deep rose.
MOUNTING THE SAMPLING TUBE

The plastic sampling tube supplied with this kit is a convenient and reliable method of avoiding
atmospheric contamination during sampling. Two clamps are included for attaching the sampling
tube to any conveniently located, flat surface. Mounting the clamp is accomplished either by screw WATER
SAMPLE
or adhesive. If no convenient flat surface is available, the sampling tube can be attached to a vertical MEASURING
rod or pipe above a sink, drain or bucket. To use the black, screw-mounted clamp, insert a screw D.O.
(not included) through the hole in the back of the clamp and affix it at the desired location. To use IN A
FLOWING
the gray, adhesive- backed clamp, simply peel off the paper backing and press the clamp firmly into STREAM
place. Flexible rubber tubing should be used to connect the sampling tube to the feedwater source.
Press the lower portion of the sampling tube into the jaws of the clamp with the rubber tubing
connection directed downward.
SAMPLING
The most critical part of any dissolved oxygen (D.O.) test is sampling. The sample stream must be completely leak-free,
since even the smallest bubble can elevate the level of D.O. in the sample and cause errors in the analysis. New sampling
systems should be purged for several hours, while those used routinely may require only a few minutes. For best results,
the sample stream should be cooled to ambient temperature before performing the test procedure. The flow rate of the
sample stream should be 500-1000 ml per minute.
TEST PROCEDURE
1. For several minutes, purge the sampling system with feedwater that is flowing at the fastest possible rate, and has a
temperature of 180-210F. This will remove trapped air bubbles. Reduce the flow to 500-1000 ml per minute and cool
the sample to ambient temperature.
2. When the system is fully purged, insert a CHEMet so that the tapered tip is at the bottom of the sampling tube. Snap
the tip by gently pressing the upper end of the ampoule toward the wall of the sampling tube (see drawing). The
sample will fill the ampoule and begin to mix with the reagent. NOTE: a small bubble of inert gas will remain in
the ampoule to facilitate mixing.
3. Immediately remove the CHEMet from the sampling tube. Keep the tip down and cover the opening with a finger.
NOTE: Use the finger cot supplied with the kit to prevent skin puncture.
4. The color comparison must be made within 30 seconds after breaking the tip of the ampoule. Quickly mix the contents
of the ampoule by inverting it several times, allowing the bubble to travel from end to end each time.
5. Wipe all liquid from the exterior of the ampoule and use the comparator to determine the level of dissolved oxygen
in the sample.
USING THE COMPARATOR

The CHEMet is placed in the center tube of the comparator, flat end downward. The top of the cylinder is then directed
toward a source of bright, white light while viewing from the bottom. Hold the comparator in a nearly horizontal position
and rotate it until the color standard below the CHEMet shows the closest match.
REORDER INFORMATION
Test Kit, contains 30 CHEMets, sampling tube comparator, mounting K-7540
clamps, finger cot & instructions
Refill Pack, contains 30 CHEMets, R-7540
Comparator, contains liquid color standard 0,5,10,15,20,25,30,40 PPB, C-7540
Sampling Tube, package of six, A-0020
Mounting Clamp Adhesive, package of six, A-0022
Mounting Clamp Permanent, package of six, A-0034
Finger Cot, package of ten, A-0028
PHENOLPHTALEIN ALKALINITY TEST (P-ALKALINITY)
Apparatus:
10 ml, Automatic Burette Complete (1)
50 ml Measuring Cylinder (1)
Casserole Dish (1)
Stirring Rod (1)
1 oz. Dropping Bottle (1)
Reagents:
Phenolphtalein indicator Solution
Sulfuric Acid N/10.
Procedure:
1. If the sample to be tested is turbid, it should first be filtered.
2. Fill burette to 0 mark with sulfuric acid solution, making sure that
delivery tube is filled to tip.
3. Wash casserole dish and measuring cylinder thoroughly and rinse
with sample to be tested.
4. Measure 50 ml of cooled sample using the measuring cylinder and transfer into casserole dish.
5. Add 4 drops of phenolphtalein Indicator to the sample and stir. If the sample remains colorless, record P = 0 and
proceed to the following test. If sample turns pink proceed as follows.
6. Add sulfuric acid slowly from burette, a few drops at a time, mixing thoroughly after each addition. Continue
addition of acid until pink color just disappears. Note: Multiply burette reading by 100 to get parts per million.
Record parts per million on log sheet under P-Alkalinity.
Do not discard sample. Keep for next test. Do not refill burette to 0 mark.
TOTAL ALKALINITY TEST (M-ALKALINITY)
Apparatus:
Same as previous test
Reagents:
Methyl Orange
Sulfuric Acid N/10
Procedure:
1. Using the same water sample from the previous alkalinity test, proceed as follows:
2. Add 3 drops of methyl orange Indicator to the sample. If the sample turns salmon pink, record M = P on the log
sheet. If a yellow color develops, proceed as follows.
3. Add sulfuric acid slowly from the burette, a few drops at a time, mixing thoroughly after each addition of acid
until the color changes from yellow to salmon pink. Note: Multiply burette reading by 100 to get parts per million,
Record parts per million on the log sheet under M-Alkalinity.
Do not discard sample. Keep for the next test.
As an alternative to Methyl Orange, Methyl Purple may be substituted, proceeding as follows:

1. Add 3 drops of methyl purple indicator to the sample. If the
sample turns purple, record M = P on the log sheet. If a green
color develops, proceed as follows.
2. Add sulfuric acid slowly from the burette, a few drops at a time,
mixing thoroughly after each addition of acid until the color
changes from green to purple.
CHLORIDES TEST
Apparatus:
10 ml, Automatic Burette Complete (1)
50 ml Measuring Cylinder (1)
Casserole Dish (1)
Stirring Rod (1)
1 oz, Dropper Bottle (1)
Reagents:
Potassium Chromate
N/10 Silver Nitrate Solutions
Procedure:
1. Fill the silver nitrate burette to the zero mark, to the same
sample remaining from the total alkalinity test; add 1
dropper full of potassium chromate indicator. This will
produce a yellow color.
2. Add silver nitrate from the automatic burette one drop at a
time, stirring continuously until a light reddish brown color
develops.
3. This is the end point.
Note: Multiply the burette reading by 71 to obtain ports per million in terms of Cl. Record parts per million as Cl. on
the log sheet.
Alternative Chlorides Test:

To 50 ml of new water sample add four drops phenolphtalein. If pink color develops add sulfuric acid until the color
disappears, Then proceed with 1 above. Use this alternative chloride test for cooling water.
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS METER HI 8734
The HI 8734 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) meter is designed to give precise
TDS measurements for solution ranging from colonized water up to
seawater Its multi-range capability allows you to use it in a wide variety
of applications without the need of changing probes. The HI 8734 has
manual temperature compensation with digital readout for temperature,
and an adjustable trimmer to calibrate readings, Probe with a 1 m cable
allows you to take measurements in those hard-to reach places. One 9V
battery for complete probability powers the meter. The HI 8734 is ideal
for such diverse applications as controlling the amount of fertilizer in an
irrigation system, verifying water quality, and preventing scale build up in
boilers and cooling towers.
SPECIFICATIONS (Instrument and probe complete with soft carrying case)

Range: Resolution:
Low range 0.0 to 199.9 mg/lt. or PPM 0,1 mg/lt.
Medium range 0 to 1999 mg/lt. or PPM 1 mg/lt.
High range 0.00 to 19,99 g/It or 19990 PPM 0.01 g/lt.

Accuracy: 1% full scale
Temperature Compensation: Manual from 0 to 50C by means of the knob
Display: A 4 digit LC display plus symbols
Power Supply: A 9V battery providing approximately 100 hours of continuous use.
Probe: A four-ring probe
Probe material: PVC
Electrode material: Stainless steel
Dimensions: 180 x 83 x 46 mm (Length x Width x Height)
Weight: 620 g
Optional Accessories: - HI 76301 Spare Electrode
- HI 7032 Calibration Solution
- Digital Thermometer
1. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
Remove the instrument from the packing material and examine carefully to make sure that no damage has occurred
during shipment if noticeable damage is evident, immediately notify the shipper and contact your VECOM OFFICE.
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The HI 8734 Total Dissolved Solids Meter determines the total quantity of solids present in an aqueous solution by
measuring the conductivity at 25C and providing a read-out, which is equivalent
to the measured value multiplied by 0.5. The conductivity of any given solution depends upon the temperature
and for this reason, if the measurement is not performed at 25C, temperature compensation must be performed.
Adjusting the knob on the front panel automatically compensates the measurement for temperature differences by
a coefficient of 2% per degrees Centigrade. The T.D.S. measurement (expressed in mg/lt. or PPM) is an approximate
indication of the total quantity of solids present in a solution as the ratio between conductivity and T.D.S. depends
upon the type of solids, which are present in the solution. In any case, when rigorous precision is not required or
when only measurement repeatability is required this conductivity method often results to be the most simple and
direct. Three measurement ranges are provided which allow for measurements from 0,0 mg/lt. to 19.99 g/lt. (19990
PPM). The instrument comes equipped with a probe in a PVC body with 4 stainless steel electrodes and protected by
a PVC sleeve with drilled in holes for air to escape. This sleeve must not be removed during measurement because its
presence obliges the current being measured to follow a predetermined course.
3. THE FRONT PANEL

The front panel is equipped with: (see Fig. 1)
A 4-digit LCD plus a V symbol which indicates when the battery must be replaced;
A knob for temperature compensation from 0 to 50 C;
A keyboard for switching the instrument on and off and for the selection of the range most suited to the type of
measurement being performed.
4. CALIBRATION
In order to calibrate the instrument, a solution containing a significant quantity of dissolved solids must be used. If a
ratio of exactly 0.5 mg/lt. per S/cm is desired, Hi 7032 solution may be used which has a conductivity index of 2764 S/
cm at 25C equivalent to a T.D.S. value of 1382 mg/lt.
In order to perform the calibration:
Switch the instrument on.
Immerse the probe in the solution.
Wait until the probe comes into equilibrium with the temperature of the solution (a matter of minutes).
Take the temperature of the calibration solution.
Set the Temperature knob to the measured temperature value.
Switch the instrument to the appropriate measurement scale for the sample solution being used (1999 mg/lt. for
the Hi 7032 solution).
Turn the internal trimmer (Fig. 1) so as to read the correct value on the display (1382 mg/lt. for the Hi 7032
solution at 25C. This trimmer may be reached with a thin screwdriver through the hole on the right side of the
casing. If the temperature of the calibration solution is not 25C refer to the table of conductivity values printed
on the solution label for the correct trimmer setting.
For maximum precision, calibrate the instrument to within + 5 degrees of the working temperature, and keep
the bottles of standard solution well sealed in order to limit evaporation and keep possible interactions with the
environment to a minimum.
5. T.D.S. MEASUREMENTS
Once the instrument has been calibrated, set the Temperature knob to the temperature value of the liquid being
measured and immerse the probe. Make sure that bubbles of air do not remain trapped inside the probe. For this
reason, slightly tap the probe on the bottom of the recipient. If the read-out value is higher than the selected scale,
the display will indicate a 1 in the digit closed to be left, while the other digits will remain turned off, In this case,
select the next higher range.
6. PROBE MAINTENANCE
After every series of measurements, rinse the electrode with normal tap water. If more through cleaning is required,
remove the PVC sleeve and clean to electrode with a cloth or a non-abrasive detergent. When reinserting the sleeve
into the probe, be sure that the sleeve is in the right direction with the four holes nearer to the cable-end. The probe
body is in PVC and this is the reason why it must never come into close contact with a heat-source. If the probe
is subjected to excessive heating, detachment of the rings might occur, resulting in a serious impairment of the
functioning of the probe.
DIST 1 ATC TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS TESTER
SPECIFICATIONS:
Range 10 to 1990 PPM
Resolution 10 PPM
Accuracy + 2% Fs
Temperature compensation Automatic 5C to 50C
Battery 4 x 1,4V (Duracell MP 675H or equivalent)
Battery life 200 hours (approx.)
Operating temperature 0C to 50C
Size (L x W x H) 142 x 29 x 15mm
Adjustment By trimmer
Weight 91 gr. (approx.)
OPERATING INFORMATION:
Remove protective cap (figure1)
Turn on Dist by On-Off switch located on top (figure2)
Dip Dist in solution up to the immersion level (figure 2)
Under no circumstances immerse above display level
Stir gently and wait a few seconds
When Dist is first introduced to a solution, the readings might decrease or increase for some time depending on
whether the temperature is above or below 20C respectively. This is due to the fact that Dist is compensating for
the difference in temperature. Please wait approx. 2 minutes to allow the temperature sensor to fully compensate
for the temperature variance.
When not in use, switch off Dist and replace protective cap.
To improve performance, clean the stainless steel electrodes periodically rinsing it in alcohol for a few minutes.
Replace all 4 batteries if the display becomes faint or disappears or
if the readings are unstable or constant.
To change batteries, pull out the battery case (figure 2) and replace
batteries.
Dist is pre-adjusted in factory at 20C, with Atc, Dist automatically
adjusts the subsequent readings at 2% per degree. To read the
value of the solution at please dip Dist in a known solution at 25C
and adjust the reading by the adjustment trimmer (see figure 2).
To readjust Dist, dip it in a known solution at 20C (or other
temperature if working with a different reference point) and correct
the reading if necessary by trimmer using a small screwdriver.
pH TEST OF CONDENSATE
This test is conducted to determine the pH of condensate when

Hydrazine or Condensate Control is used. Recommended range 8.3
to 9.0. In no case should the Hydrazine reserve in the boiler water
exceed 0.1 PPM.
Apparatus:
50 ml Graduated Measuring Cylinder (1)
Casserole Dish (1)
Stirring Rod (1)
Reagents:
Phenolphtalein
N/10 Sulfuric Acid
Procedure:
1. Obtain sample of condensate from nearest point to the main condenser, preferably the condensate pump
discharge.
2. Thoroughly rinse measuring cylinder in sample to be tested and measure 50 ml transfer sample to casserole dish
and add four drops of phenolphtalein.
3. If no color change occurs the pH is below 8.3
4. If a faint pink color develops add N/10 sulfuric acid one drop at a time until the pink disappears.
5. This is the end-point.
6. If one drop of N/10 sulfuric acid changes the color from pink to clear; log pH of condensate = 8.3.
7. If two drops of N/10 sulfuric acid changes the color; log pH = 8.5 - 3 = 8.7 - 4 = 8.9.
Note: for high-pressure boiler pH test:

If more than 2 drops of sulfuric acid N/10 are necessary to change the color, reduce the hydrazine or the condensate
dosage until a pH between 8,3 to 8,5 is obtained. If the quantity of sulfuric acid N/10 necessary to change the color
is such to read a P-alkalinity very close to the boiler alkalinity, could means a possible carry over or infiltration to
de-super-heater.
pH TEST WIDE RANGE
Apparatus:
Stopper vial marked at 10 and 11 ml (1)
Color Comparator card (1)
Reagent:
Wide range pH indicator (range 3-11).
Procedure:
1. Fill vial to first mark (10 ml) with sample to be tested.
2. Fill to second mark (11 ml) with Wide Range pH indicator.
3. Stopper vial and invert to mix.
4. Compare color to color comparator card and record results.
INTERPRETING TEST RESULTS:
7 - 28 KG/CM2 (100 - 400 PSIG) DOSE ALKALINITY CONTROL
Total alkalinity should be less than twice the P-Alkalinity. If total Alkalinity is greater than twice the P-Alkalinity,
blowdown and use ALKALINITY CONTROL.
When using distilled water make-up, maximum chlorides allowable should not exceed 100 PPM.
Check chlorides when using raw water make-up. Maximum allowable before blowdown should never exceed 300
PPM in low-pressure boiler.
Note: chlorides are an indication of the dissolved solids present in boiler water. For accurate determination of dissolved
solids use a conductivity meter.
Condensate pH:
Maintain 8.3-9.0 DOSE HARDNESS CONTROL
LIQUID COAGULANT:
If needed, dose 250 ml daily, per boiler. Flash blow frequently.
CONDUCTIVITY (T.D.S.)
Maximum 600 PPM blowdown to reduce
All chemical dosages are based on distilled water make-up.

Additional chemical dosage will be necessary when raw water make-up is used.
INTERPRETING TEST RESULTS
57 - 102 KG/CM2 (800 - 1500 PSIG)
HYDRAZINE TESTING AND CONTROL
It is desirable to minimize the quantity of hydrazine employed to scavenge oxygen, for economy as well as reducing
the amount of ammonia that will be formed by the decomposition of hydrazine. Ammonia in the presence of oxygen
is corrosive to copper and copper alloys.
It will be necessary to test the hydrazine residuals in the boiler daily in order to obtain complete protection with
minimum doses of HYDRAZINE. If the hydrazine residual in the boiler is over 0.1 PPM, reduce the dosage of HYDRAZINE
until the boiler hydrazine residual falls below the recommended maximum of 0.1 PPM. If the hydrazine residual does
not immediately drop below the 0.1 PPM level, the boiler should be blowdown to reduce the hydrazine level. New
boilers, or those recently open for inspection and repair, may take several weeks to achieve a normal boiler hydrazine
residual due to oxides. This is normal, and until a hydrazine residual is obtained in the boiler water, test the feed water
for the hydrazine content.
Maintain the hydrazine reading in the feed water between 0.02 and 0.03 PPM. No oxygen is entering the boiler with
the feed water when hydrazine is present in the water. HYDRAZINE may be dosed into the feed pump suction, more
preferably, to the storage section of the deaerator, which will maximize the residence and reaction time.
A separate dosing tank and pump set should be used for dosing HYDRAZINE to the system. (CONDENSATE CONTROL
may be fed with the HYDRAZINE.) The estimated daily dose should be mixed with condensate and the pump should
be to deliver the daily dosage over an entire 24 hour period. If a pump and tank set is not available, HYDRAZINE (and
CONDENSATE CONTROL) can be added to the system through a tank and flowmeter into the atmospheric drain tank.
INTERPRETING TEST RESULTS:
57 - 102 KG/CM2 (800 - 1500 PSIG)

BLOWDOWN CONTROL: EXCESS ALKALINITY AND CHLORIDES
VECOM PHOSPHATE - pH CONTROL SYSTEM
VECOM Phosphate pH Control System is similar to the Boiler Water Control System used on lower pressure boilers
except that no free caustic is present to concentrate and attack boiler watersides. The elimination of free caustic is
possible by using phosphate (HARDNESS CONTROL) in accord with the accompanying graph when compounding
and as a guide to blowdown control.
To avoid free caustic, maintain boiler water pH below the line of the curve on the chart for any given phosphate
reading. If pH is high, blowdown to reduce to the appropriate range. If pH is low, and phosphate reading is in the
proper range, add ALKALINITY CONTROL based on dosing chart on this page. Retest boiler pH after introducing
ALKALINITY CONTROL and if it is still low, and the phosphate reading is in good range, repeat ALKALINITY CONTROL
dosage and retest. If pH is high according to phosphate pH chart,
blowdown to reduce pH, which also reduces the phosphate level.
Test and if the phosphate reading is below recommended limits, add
phosphate (HARDNESS CONTROL) only. This procedure will reduce pH.
Retest phosphate and pH referring to graph, if pH is still high repeat
procedure.
NOTE: Balance of phosphate-pH to eliminate free caustic is easily

achieved with the use of distilled feed. If raw water or contaminated
water is employed, it may be difficult or impossible to achieve a proper
balance. Distilled feed should be restored as soon as possible.
PHOSPHATE AND pH OF BOILER WATER ARE CONTROLLED

SIMULTANEOUSLY.
PHOSPHATE AND pH PLOTS SHOULD INTERSECT IN THE SHADED
AREA.

11 0607 General Testing Methods Water Treatment PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

11 0607 General Testing Methods Water Treatment PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

WATER TREATMENT TESTING METHODS

EASY-TO-USE TEST KITS - BOILER & COOLING WATER

A TEST KIT TO SUIT ALL YOUR REQUIREMENTS

Vecom TEST APPARATUS

The TEST CABINET has to be positioned close to fresh water

Measures: 440 x 290 x 620

Distance center holes to hang up cabinet: 358 mm

Weight fully equipped: approx. 25 kg

Burette only 10 mis 3 SODIUM NITRITE TEST KIT (Optional)

HYDRAZINE TEST KIT (HP Boiler)

APPARATUS FOR WATER TESTS

EXCESS PHOSPHATE TEST

1. Filter 10 ml of boiler water into phosphate mixing test tube.

Note: from 57 to 102 kg/cm2 level phosphates must be 10-25 PPM.

Every two weeks prepare the freshly mixed Hydrazine Reagent

Results: When testing a 50 ml sample: Burette reading in ml x 10 = PPM. Sulfite as SO3.

CHLORIDE TEST FOR HIGH PRESSURE BOILERS

Alternative Chloride test:

THE CHEMet TEST METHOD

MOUNTING THE SAMPLING TUBE

USING THE COMPARATOR

TOTAL ALKALINITY TEST (M-ALKALINITY)

Do not discard sample. Keep for the next test.

As an alternative to Methyl Orange, Methyl Purple may be substituted, proceeding as follows:

Alternative Chlorides Test:

TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS METER HI 8734

SPECIFICATIONS (Instrument and probe complete with soft carrying case)

3. THE FRONT PANEL

This test is conducted to determine the pH of condensate when

Note: for high-pressure boiler pH test:

pH TEST WIDE RANGE

7 - 28 KG/CM2 (100 - 400 PSIG) DOSE ALKALINITY CONTROL

All chemical dosages are based on distilled water make-up.

57 - 102 KG/CM2 (800 - 1500 PSIG)

HYDRAZINE TESTING AND CONTROL

57 - 102 KG/CM2 (800 - 1500 PSIG)

VECOM PHOSPHATE - pH CONTROL SYSTEM

NOTE: Balance of phosphate-pH to eliminate free caustic is easily

PHOSPHATE AND pH OF BOILER WATER ARE CONTROLLED

You might also like