test cope 02107020 FORM TP 2007165 MAYAUNE 2007 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION BIOLOGY UNIT 1- PAPER 02 2 hours Candidates are advised to use the frst 15 minutes for ‘reading through this paper carefully. [READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. L. This paper consists of NINE questions. 2. Section A consists of THREE questions. Candidates must atempt ALL «questions inthis setion and should spend ne more than 30 minutes on this ‘stotion, Answers to thie section MUST be writen in this question pape. 3. Section B consists of SIX questions. Candidates must atempt THREE ‘questions in hissection, ONE question ftom EACH module. Answersiothis section MUST be writen inthe separate answer booklet provided. “The use of silent non programmable calculators is allowed, ‘Copyright © 2006 Caribbean Examinations Council®. All rights reserved ©2107020/CAPEN2007as SECTION A ‘You must attempt ALL THREE questions in this section, You should NOT spend more than 30 minutes on this section. 1. Table I shows the results of food tests conducted on three solutions. Taine in Test Biuret Benedict's | Potassium ‘Tubes Reagent Solution Iodide Blue Brick red Brown Purple Blue Bive black Zz Purple Brickred Brown, ‘TABLE 1: FOOD TESTS RESULTS FOR SOLUTIONS X, ¥ AND Z (@ —@_ Whatconclusions ean you draw about the contents ofthe solutions? x ee 7 — [3 marks] Gi) Briefly explain the colour change recorded for Solution X when treated with Benedict solution. T2marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE ‘o2107020/2APE2007o 3. Suggest how you would determine the concentration ofthe substance in Solution X if siven addtional samples. T4marks) How would you determine the presence of lipid ina liquid foodstuff, using a teststube ‘based method? Timerk] ‘Total 10 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEds 2, Figure shows a stained slide preparation of root tips undergoing mitosis. Figure 1 -hup://w, visualsunlimited.comfimages/watermarked307/30712 jpg (@) Inthe spaces provided make representative drawings ofthe cells and nuclear contents showing the stages labelled in Figure 1 as A and B. Drawings should be at X3 Teeny the stages drawn, A Ieentity B Identity [6 marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.(©) State the procedures involved in making a slide preparation of an onion root tip 0 E Bmarks) (©) State FOUR locations (other than the root tp) where mitosis occurs in pants. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 210 7020/CAPEN2007oe: 3. (@)__ Figure 2represens categories 1-5 of the five-kingdom system of classification ofliving organisms proposed by Margulis and Schwartz Figure 2 ‘Complete Table 2 below to show which number on Figure 2 matches EACH kingdom indicated. - TABLE 2 Kingdom ‘Number © | Prams i | Pang vy | Animats| (0) | Prokaryores [ 2marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE() estan features ae sed to distinguish organisms into kingdoms. For EACH kingdom state the features sed to discriminate between them. (@ _Prokaryotes from the other four kingdoms Feature i) Animals fom plants Feature] ————e Feature 2 ss (Gi) Png from plants Feature! __ Feaure 2 (iv) Protoetsts from the animal, plant and fungus kingdoms. Feature [3 marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE ANNUAEONIC ARENA-8- (© InFigure3,electron micrographs 1 -Sshowcellsofthe immune system. Inordertoassist, in identifying them, create a set of paired dichotomous keys. Human mphocyte Rabbit ymphocyte T z Granwlated mast ell De-gramolate mast cell 7 7 Figure3 Adapted from 1 Roi, Essential Immunology. ‘Blackwell Scientific Publications 1997, ‘pp 132, 134, 155,156. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE (02107020/CAPEI2007 hh= 10- SECTION B ‘You must answer THREE questions in this section. Answer ONE question EACH from Modules 1,2 and 3. You MUST write your answers inthe separate answer booklet provided. 4 @ © © 5 @ o © MODULE 1 Answer EITHER Question 4 OR Question 5. [Explain what is meant by the term ‘tertiary structure of a protein’. [2 marks) (Dewy arg beled diagram o srt the ruste of he hemogbin Gi) State the main function of haemoglobin and explain how the structure is related to te Function given. [ S marks) Discuss the factors which affect enzyme activity. 110 marks} ‘Total 20 marks Describe the structure of the membrane ofa typical cell, and identify its component ‘arts and thei biochemical nature (6 marks) ‘The role ofthe membrane {sto contol the movement of substances. Clarify how tis is done for EACH of the following: (Baty of wef miners, sch as potassim (i) Absorption of age moteeules by endocytosis. (Gi) Ean of nonionic molecules suchas sucrose (i) Prevention of enuy of toxic molecules suchas copper orlead [marks] “When sips of potato tissue are immersed in dale water fr twohours, they increase in length and become turgid. Relate this outcome to the exact causes and processes ‘curring in the eels ofthe tissue. [6 marks) ‘Total 20 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE6 @ © @ | © aoe MODULE2 Answer EITHER Question 6 OR Question 7. (Describe the sructue ofthe DNA molecule. Gi) Outline how dhe structure of RNA differs from that of DNA. [10 marks) Discuss how changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA can result in changes inthe structure and functioning of erythrocytes in sickle cll anaemia, [10 marks} ‘Total 20 marks (Give a detailed, labelled drawing of a section of the placenta to show the relative positions of the umbilical cord and blood vessels, the vil, uterine wal, matemal blood spaces and maternal blood vessels (inclusion of embryo not required), ® tn the umbilical cord use arrows to show the direction of blood flow and indicate which blood is oxygenated or deoxygensted. [10 marks) Discuss EACH of the following: (The funtion ofthe amnion 0 Gi) The ifestye requirements of the mother for healthy foetal development 110 marks) ‘The effects ofthe foetus on the mother Total 20 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE ‘o2107020/CAPE2007-2- ‘MODULES Answer EITHER Question 8 OR Question 9. 8. Figure 4 is « pedigree chart showing the inheritance of haemophilia in several of the Royal families of Europe. Figured. (@) (Explain the natee of inheritance ofthe allele for haemophil a female offsprings were haemophiliacs. (Gi) Draw a genetic diagram to show the inheritance ofthe haemophi children of Leopold Duke of Albany. Gv) Explain the inheritance ofthe human ABO blood group. (14 marks) () _Inacross between two types of pea plants, one heterozygous for the round yellow seed condition, and the other, pure-breeding With wrinkled green seeds, the following | offsprings were recorded: | Round yellow peas. = — 108 | Round greenpeas| == — «102 Wrinkled yellow peas — 105 ‘Wrinkled green peas = — 101 Carty the sequential steps to be taken when using the significance of the results. “Te formula for conducting « Ci-squred testis X* -2 [22 { 6 marks] ‘Total 20 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT. PAGE (02107020/CAPE/2007 LLL eeo © @ as (Define the term environment’ andexplsin the influence of ONE physical fctor and ONE biotic factor onthe environment. i) Define the term ‘evolution’, and explain the difference between the terms ‘allopatric’ and “sympati’. [6 marks} Give FOUR reasons for the importance of maintaining biodiversity on earth (4 marks} Discuss EACH of the following terms: Stabilizing selection (Gi) Diretiona selection Include in your answer the effects of environmental pressure on ONE named example jn each case to llustate the operation ofthese two methods of natural selection, [8 marks} “Disruptive selection sclosely associated withspeciation.” Commenton this statement. [2 marks} ‘Total 20 marks END OF TEST ‘The Councithas made every efforttotrace copyright holders. However, any have been inadvertently overlooked, or any material has been incorrectly acknowledged, CXC willbe pleased to correct this at the earliest opportunity.