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Lecture1 PDF
Lecture1 PDF
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Inside the Camera - Projection
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Projections
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Example - Perspective
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Example - Ortographic
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Inside the Camera - Sensitivity
Let us determine the image functions for the above sensitivity functions imaging the same scene:
1. This is the most realistic of the three. Sensitivity is concentrated in a band around 0 .
Z
f1 (x0 , y 0 ) = cp (x0 , y 0 , )V1 ()d
2. This is an unrealistic capture device which has sensitivity only to a single wavelength 0 as
determined by the delta function. However there are devices that get close to such selective
behavior.
Z Z
0 0 0 0
f2 (x , y ) = cp (x , y , )V2 ()d = cp (x0 , y 0 , )( 0 )d
= cp (x0 , y 0 , 0 )
3. This is what happens if you take a picture without taking the cap off the lens of your camera.
Z Z
0 0 0 0
f3 (x , y ) = cp (x , y , )V3 ()d = cp (x0 , y 0 , ) 0 d
= 0
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Sensitivity and Color
For a camera that captures color images, imagine that it has three
sensors at each (x0, y 0) with sensitivity functions tuned to the colors or
wavelengths red, green and blue, outputting three image functions:
Z
0 0
fR (x , y ) = cp(x0, y 0, )VR ()d
Z
0 0
fG (x , y ) = cp(x0, y 0, )VG ()d
Z
0 0
fB (x , y ) = cp(x0, y 0, )VB ()d
These three image functions can be used by display devices (such as
your monitor or your eye) to show a color image.
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Summary
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Digital Image Formation
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Sampling
NX
1 MX
1
0 0
comb(x , y ) = (x0 ix, y 0 jy ) (3)
i=0 j=0
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Idealized Sampling
For now assume that we somehow obtain the sampled image function
fC (x0i, yj0 ).
To denote this discretization refer to fC (x0i, yj0 ) as fC (i, j) from now on.
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Quantization
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Example
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Quantization to P levels
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Summary
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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(R,G,B) Parameterization of Full Color Images
, , ,
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Grayscale Images
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Images as Matrices
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Matrices and Matlab
The software package Matlab is a very easy to use tool that specializes
in matrices.
We will be utilizing Matlab for all processing, examples, homeworks,
etc.
If you do not have access to Matlab, a copy licensed for use in EL 512
will be provided to you. See the end of this lecture for instructions
and details.
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Example - I
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Example - II
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Example - III
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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Homework I
If you are at a different campus and have problems with the above instruc-
tions please send me email. Please note that this is a one time event, i.e.,
do your best.
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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References
c Onur G. Guleryuz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
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