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    Laura Edwards
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    Cell determination decides what type of organ an embryonic stem cell will develop into, while cell differentiation gives cells the specific characteristics needed for their organ. Tissues are groups of similar cells that perform the same function, like epithelial tissue forming skin and lining cavities. Organs consist of multiple tissue types working together, such as the heart containing muscle, epithelial, connective, and nervous tissue. Organ systems are groups of organs that function as a unit, for example the circulatory system transporting blood. The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to deliver oxygen throughout the body. A cell determined to be an endocrine gland cell placed in muscle tissue would likely die, as cell determination sets a fixed developmental path. Programmed cell death in

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    Cell determination decides what type of organ an embryonic stem cell will develop into, while cell differentiation gives cells the specific characteristics needed for their organ. Tissues are groups of similar cells that perform the same function, like epithelial tissue forming skin and lining cavities. Organs consist of multiple tissue types working together, such as the heart containing muscle, epithelial, connective, and nervous tissue. Organ systems are groups of organs that function as a unit, for example the circulatory system transporting blood. The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to deliver oxygen throughout the body. A cell determined to be an endocrine gland cell placed in muscle tissue would likely die, as cell determination sets a fixed developmental path. Programmed cell death in

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    6 views2 pages

    28 1questions

    Uploaded by

    Laura Edwards
    Cell determination decides what type of organ an embryonic stem cell will develop into, while cell differentiation gives cells the specific characteristics needed for their organ. Tissues are groups of similar cells that perform the same function, like epithelial tissue forming skin and lining cavities. Organs consist of multiple tissue types working together, such as the heart containing muscle, epithelial, connective, and nervous tissue. Organ systems are groups of organs that function as a unit, for example the circulatory system transporting blood. The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to deliver oxygen throughout the body. A cell determined to be an endocrine gland cell placed in muscle tissue would likely die, as cell determination sets a fixed developmental path. Programmed cell death in

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    1Questions

    #1:Theprocessofcelldeterminationdiffersfromtheprocess
    ofcelldifferentiationinthewaythatcelldetermination
    decideswhattypeoforgananembryonicstemcellwillbeapart
    of,andcelldifferentiation,whichoccursaftercell
    determination,iswhenthecelldevelopsthespecific
    characteristicsneedtobeapartoftheorgantheywere
    assigned.Withinspecificgroupscellscanbeapartof,there
    areevenmorespecificgroupswithmorespecialcharacteristics
    thatneedtobedeveloped.
    #2:
    Firstlevel:Cells
    Cellsarespecialized,andareapartofspecificsystemsandcan
    performthevariousfunctionsneeded.Anexamplewouldbealung
    cell,whosejobmaybeinvolvedinexchanginggases.Another
    examplecouldbeacardiaccells,whosejobsaretocontractall
    atthesametimetoallowthehearttosendnutrientrichblood
    tothebody.
    Secondlevel:Tissues
    Tissuesaregroupsofsimilarcellswhichcarryoutthesame
    functiontogether.Therearefourmaintypesoftissues,
    epithelial,connective,muscle,andnervous.Epithelialtissue
    isaprotectivesheetoftightlypackedcellswithspecialized
    contacts(tightjunctionsanddesmosomes).Theyformtheouter
    layerofskin,aswellaslinetheopencavitiesofthe
    digestiveandrespiratorysystems,amongothers.Connective
    tissueservestobindtogetherandsupportothertissuesand
    organs.Muscletissueisdividedinto3types,(skeletal,
    smooth,andcardiac),althoughitsmainjobtotosupportthe
    body,allowmovement,andheatproduction.Lastly,thenervous
    tissuessendandreceiveelectricalimpulsesinresponseto
    stimuli.Nervoustissueallowsustoprocessinformation,and
    regulatebodilyfunctions.
    Thirdlevel:Organs
    Anorganisagroupoftissuesthatfunctiontogether.An
    exampleofanorganinthehumanbodyistheheart.Theheartis
    composedofallfourtypesoftissue,connective,epithelial,
    nervous,andmuscle.
    Fourthlevel:Organsystems
    Anorgansystemiscomposedofagroupoforgansworking
    togethertoperformoneormorefunctions.Suchanorgansystem
    wouldbethecirculatorysystem,composedoftheheart,lungs,
    aswellascoronaries,portalvessels,arteries,andveins.
    Fifthlevel:Organism
    Organismsarecomposedoforgansystems.Examplesoforganisms
    includecats,humans,euglena,samoebae,andparamecia.
    #3:Thetwoorgansystemswhichworktogethertobringoxygento
    allofthebodyscellsarethecirculatoryandrespiratory
    systems.
    #4:Iftherewasacellwhohadalreadybeendeterminedto
    becomeanendocrineglandcellanditwasplacedinaleg
    muscle,Ithinkwhatwouldhappenisthatthecellwould
    ultimatelyjustdieasdeterminationisasetpaththatcannot
    bechanged.
    #5:Bothtadpolesandthehumanfetusexperienceprogrammedcell
    death,leavingthetadpoleswithnotailsandthehumanfingers
    andtoesseparate.

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