Master of Physiotherapy

SCHEME OF EXAMINATION AND COURSES OF

STUDY [ORDINANCE]

MAHARAJ VINAYAK GLOBAL UNIVERSITY [MVGU]

Dhand, Tehsil Amer, Jaipur-Delhi NH-11-C, Jaipur, Rajasthan

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 DESCRIPTIVE COURSE CONTENT

PRINCIPLES OF PHYSIOTHERAPY PRACTICE

1. Development of Physiotherapy Profession
2. History taking, assessment, tests, Patient communication, documentation of findings, treatment
organization and planning/execution for intervention.
3. Standardized tests and scales used in various types of cases for assessment and interpretation in
Physiotherapy practice.
4. Documentation of rehabilitation assessment and management using International Classification of
Functioning Disability and Health (ICF)
5. Ethical issues in practice of physiotherapy-Clinical, Research and Academics. Administration,
legislation, rules and regulations governing physiotherapy practice- National & International
(WCPT and IAP). Scope of Physiotherapy in Hospital, Community & Industry.

PAPER I
BASIC SCIENCES

BASIC ANATOMY
1. Anatomy of musculoskeletal system (Osteology, myology, Arthrology)
2. Anatomy of Cardio Pulmonary system (Structure of heart, Structure of lung and broncho-
pulmonary segments)
3. Anatomy of nervous system ( Dermatomes and myotomes, cerebrum and cerebral hemispheres,
cerebral cortex, cerebellum and its connections, brain stem mid brain, pons, medulla)
4. Structure of kidney and bladder
Radiology
1. Basics of Imaging Techniques
a) Fluoroscopic Examination
b) CT Scan
c) Radionuclide Scanning
d) MRI
e) Ultrasonography
f) X-Ray
g) Bone Scan
h) Dexa Scan
2. Imaging in Common Sports Injuries
a) Head and Neck.
b) Spine.

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 c) Pelvis, hip and thigh.
d) Patellofemoral Joint & knee joint.
e) Lower leg, foot and ankle.

PATHOLOGY
1. Inflammation and repair
2. Failed healing responses
3. Regional considerations of Inflammation & repair of soft tissue injuries.

PHARMACOLOGY
1. Principles of drug action.
2. Basic pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics.
3. The use of drugs in various musculoskeletal disorders

BASIC PHYSIOLOGY
1. Physiology of musculoskeletal system
2. Physiology of cardiopulmonary system
3. Physiology of nervous system
4. Physiology of bladder and bowel

UNIT I
1. Muscle Physiology
Muscle and its contraction - Architecture of skeletal muscles, sliding filament theory, types of
muscle fibers, mechanical efficiency of muscle contraction, force- velocity, motor unit, muscle fatigue
blood supply, prolonged exercise.
2. Blood & Circulation
Cardiac cycle - pressure during cardiac cycle, hemodynamics, mechanical work and pressure,
hydrostatic pressure, flow and resistance, venous - capillary structure and transport mechanisms,
filtration & osmosis, vascularization of skeletal muscles, regulation of circulation during exercise,
cardiac output & O 2 updates stroke volume, blood pressure.
UNIT II
1. Respiration
Lung compliance, air way resistance, pulmonary ventilation at rest and during exercise, diffusion in
lung tissues, gas pressure - ventilation & perfusion regulation of breathing - Exercise, High air
pressures - Breath holding diving. Physical performance
Aerobic processes: intensity & duration of exercise, prolonged exercise, muscular stress involved in
exercise. Anaerobic Processes: Power & capacity of high energy breakdown, Lactate Production -

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distribution & disappearance, effect of metabolism on tissue & blood PH, Anaerobic threshold,
maximal aerobic power, maximal anaerobic power.
UNIT III
1. Physical Fitness tests
Test of maximal aerobic power - measurement of oxygen uptake, Treadmill tests, Bicycle ergometer
test, step-test, and maximal oxygen uptake in various sports.
Evaluation of anaerobic power, Exercise electrocardiogram
2. Physical Training
Training principles, continuous vs. intermittent exercise, training methods & biological long-term
effects of training. Disuse, isometric strength training, dynamic strength training. Training of aerobic
power, training of anaerobic power, cardiopulmonary adaptation to aerobic training, and peripheral
adaptation to aerobic training. Endurance training, Retraining, recovery after exercise, Mechanical
efficiency technique, body composition, stretching, psychological aspects, muscle soreness, contra-
indications to physical training.
UNIT IV
1. Applied work physiology
Factors affecting sustained physical work, assessment of work load in relation to work capacity,
Assessment of maximal aerobic power measurement of oxygen uptake in a typical work situation,
Assessment of load exerted on specific muscles, Classification of work, Daily rates of energy
expenditure, energy expenditure during specific activities like sleeping, sedentary work, house work,
light industry, manual labor.
2. Fatigue & Deconditioning
General Physical fatigue, local muscular fatigue, cardiac rhythm in humans, shift work, effect of
menstruation, deconditioning.
UNIT V
1. Nutrition & Physical Performance
Nutrition in general digestion, energy metabolism & factors governing the selection of fuel for
muscular exercises, food for the athlete, Energy balance, regulation of food intake, ideal body weight,
obesity, slimming diets, optional supply of Nutrients.
2. Factors affecting performance
High altitude - limiting factors, oxygen transport, adaptation of high altitude, high gas pressure,
pressure effects, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide metabolism in sports, tobacco smoking -
circulatory effects, respiratory effects, metabolic effects, smoking habits among athletes, alcohol &
Exercise - Neuromuscular function, aerobic & anaerobic power, metabolic effects, caffeine, Doping.

ELECTRO PHYSIOLOGY

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1. Anatomy and Physiology of: Motor unit, action potential, excitability of nerve and muscle,
neuromuscular junction.
2. Technique of nerve conduction velocity tests and electromyography: Instrument, techniques,
interpretations in terms of neuromuscular function and bio-feedback.
3. Nerve conduction studies, normal/abnormal nerve conduction, its relevance in muscle function.
4. Concepts of normal & abnormal EMG studies.
5. Late responses
6. Concepts of electro physiological studies in neuro muscular diseases as a diagnostic and therapeutic
tool.
7. Evoked potentials VEP, SSEP, MEP, BAEP

PAPER II
KINESIOLOGY & BIOMECHANICS

UNIT I
Foundation of human movement: Basic movement terminology; anatomical movement description,
reference system: joint movement characteristics.
Introduction to skeletal consideration for movement; Biomechanical characteristics of bone; aspects
of bone articulations.
Introduction to muscular consideration for movement: overview of gross structure of muscle,
functional characteristics of muscle; factors that determine muscle force, aspects of strengthening the
muscles, outline of injury to skeletal muscles.
Introduction to neurological consideration for movement: overview of general organization of nervous
system; function of motor neurons; sensory neurons; effects of training on neurological input and
output.

UNIT II
Functional anatomy of the upper extremity
Functional anatomy of the lower extremity

UNIT III
Functional anatomy of the trunk

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Mechanical analysis of human motion - force, velocity, momentum, leverage, kinetic and kinematic
analysis.

UNIT IV
Pathomechanics of Shoulder complex
Pathomechanics of Elbow joint
Pathomechanics of Wrist & Hand

UNIT V
Pathomechanics of Spine
Pathomechanics of Pelvis & Hip

UNIT VI
Pathomechanics of Knee joint
Pathomechanics of Ankle & Foot
Posture & Gait analysis
UNIT VII
Industrial Rehabilitation and Ergonomics
History of Industrial rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Intervention, Definition, concepts & principles
of ergonomics, evaluation & assessment of work process, concepts of body mechanism in industrial
injuries, preparation of patient to return to job, job simulation, work conditioning & work hardening,
job site analysis and on job evaluation.
Standardized and non-standardized evaluative tools in industrial rehabilitation.
Prevocational assessment & principal of training, vocational educational training & rehabilitation,
Classification of employment.
Human engineering importance and problems.

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 PAPER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND BIOSTATICS
Section 1
1. Research in Physiotherapy
a) Introduction
b) Research for Physiotherapist: Why? How? And, when?
c) Research Definition, concept, purpose, approaches
d) Internet sites for physiotherapists
2. Research Fundamentals
a) Define measurement
b) Measurement framework
c) Scales of measurement
d) Pilot study
e) Types of variables
f) Reliability & Validity
g) Drawing tables, graphs, master chart etc.
3. Writing a research proposal, critiquing a research article
a) Defining a problem
b) Review of literature
c) Formulating a question, operational definition
d) Inclusion and Exclusion criteria
e) Forming groups
f) Data collection & analysis
g) Results, Interpretation, Conclusion, Discussion
h) Informed consent
i) Limitations
4. Research Design
a) Principle of designing
b) Design, instrumentation & analysis for qualitative research
c) Design, instrumentation & analysis for quantitative research
d) Design, instrumentation & analysis for quasi-experimental research
e) Design models utilized in Physiotherapy
5. Research Ethics
a) Importance of Ethics in Research
b) Main ethical issues in human subjects research
c) Main ethical principles that govern research with human subjects
d) Components of an ethically valid informed consent for research

Section II
Biostatistics
1. Biostatistics
a) Introduction
b) Definition
c) Types

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 d) Application of Physiotherapy
2. Data
a) Definition
b) Types
c) Presentation
d) Collection methods
3. Measures of Central value
a) Arithmetic mean, median mode, Relationship between them
b) Partitioned values Quartiles, Deciles, Percentiles
c) Graphical determination
4. Measures of Dispersion
a) Range
b) Mean Deviation
c) Standard Deviation
5. Normal distribution Curve
a) Properties of normal distribution
b) Standard normal distribution
c) Transformation of normal random variables.
d) Inverse transformation
e) Normal approximation of Bio axial distribution.
6. Correlation Analysis
a) Bivariate distribution:
b) Scatter diagram
c) Coefficient of correlation
d) Calculation & interpretation of correlation coefficient
e) T-test, Z-test, P-value
7. Regression analysis
a) Lines of regression
b) Calculation of Regression Coefficient

8. Sampling
a) Methods of Sampling
b) Sampling distribution
c) Standard error
d) Types I & II error
9. Probability (in brief)
a) Basic Definition: Events, sample space and probabilities.
b) Basic rules for probability:
c) The range of values.
d) The Rule of complements
e) Mutually exclusive events
f) Conditional probability
g) Independence of events
h) Combinatorial concepts
i) Law of Total probability and Bayes theorem

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10. Hypothesis testing
a) Null Hypothesis
b) Alternative hypothesis
c) Acceptance & rejection of null hypothesis
d) Level of significance
11. Parametric & Non Parametric tests
a) Chi square test
b) Mann-Whitney U test
c) Wilcox on Signed test
d) Kruskal-Wallis test
e) Friedman test
f) T-test/student T test
g) Analysis of variance

EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
Specific
On completion of this subject, students will be able to demonstrate:
An understanding of the importance of valid and reliable objective measurement in clinical
practice. The ability to undertake detailed planning and analysis to successfully complete a
single subject research project. A capacity to undertake searching of computerized medical
literature databases, understanding of research design principles, reliability and validity and basic
statistical techniques. This subject introduces the principles of research methodology and provides
examples of their application in clinical physiotherapy, research and practice. There will be emphasis
on the techniques required for the critical evaluation of all aspects of published research relevant to
physiotherapy profession. The use of quantitative statistical analysis techniques will also be discussed.

Description
This subject introduces the concept of evidence based practice by addressing topics related
to research design and measurement, measurement error, case design studies and interpretation of
clinical research.

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 PAPER IV
PHYSICAL AND FUNCTIONAL EVALUATION

UNIT I
a) Clinical Decision Making - Planning Effective Treatment. Collection and documentation of
data. Analysis of data and identifying the problems. Setting goals, formulation and
implementation of treatment plan including evaluation of treatment outcome. Clinical
decision making models. Foundation for clinical decision making.
b) Overview of Psychological Aspect of Physical Rehabilitation. Disability adjustment; reaction
to injury; subjectivity of disability and adjustment; stress in disease. Role theory; stages of
adjustment; emotional complications and emotional functioning. Overview of psychological
and social adaptation to illness.
c) Vital Signs. Identification of reasons for monitoring vital signs; importance of monitoring
vital signs; common techniques of monitoring vital signs; identification and analysis of
normal values with that of abnormal values.

UNIT II

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 a) Evaluation assessment and treatment planning strategies for musculoskeletal problems:
Principles of evaluation, clinical manifestations, general and specific musculoskeletal clinical
examination.
b) Treatment goals and strategies

UNIT III
a) Gait Analysis. Overview of normal gait analysis : kinetic and kinematic analysis; the
reliability and validity of gait analysis; Description of some of the most commonly used types
of observational gait analysis; Advantages and disadvantages of kinematic qualitative and
kinematic quantitative gait analyses. Gait Training. Pre ambulation programme; assistive
devices and gait patterns.
b) Evaluation and management of amputee; overview of amputation surgery which includes
concepts of pre-operative, post-operative, pre fitting, post fitting physiotherapy. Prosthetic
assessment and management: Prosthetic assessment including dynamic and static checkouts,
components with recent advancements and management.

UNIT IV
a) Orthotic Evaluation and Management. Types of orthosis; footwear modifications; lower limb
orthosis, components.
b) Spinal Orthosis: Types and components; Physiotherapy management including orthotic gait
analysis and gait training.
c) Wheel Chair: Components of wheel chair; assessment of wheel chair; measurement for wheel
chair; features of sports wheel chair.

UNIT V
a) Bio-feedback: Principles of bio-feedback in physiotherapy; limitations; electromyography
feedback for motor relearning: Equipment and technical specifications. Kinematic feedback:
Standing feedback; kinetic feedback; new concepts of bio-feedback.
b) Sensory evaluation and assessment : Purposes of sensory evaluation and assessment;
classification and function of receptor mechanisms, involving the perception of sensation;
identification of spinal pathways that mediate sensation; guidelines for completing sensory
evaluation; description for testing protocol for assessment of each sensory modality.
c) Coordination evaluation and assessment: Purpose; common coordination defects associated
with lesions of cerebellum, basal ganglia and dorsal columns. Testing procedures: Non-
equilibrium coordination test; equilibrium coordination tests.

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 d) Assessment of cognitive, perceptual dysfunctions and vestibular dysfunction.

UNIT VI
a) Motor control assessment: Purposes and components, identification and description of CNS
controls mechanism associated with motor control mechanism, description of common motor
control defects with specific procedures and tests used to assess motor control defects, the
factors which influence the result of motor control assessment.
b) Functional evaluation : The concepts of health status impairment; functional limitations;
disability and handicap; definition of functional activity and the purposes and components of
the functional assessment; selection of activity and roles for an individual based on his or her
capabilities and functional limitations, various forms of functional tests; physical function test
and multi-dimensional functional assessment instrument, identification of instrument for
testing function; various scoring methods used in functional assessment; reliability and
validity of various functional assessment.

UNIT VII
Physiotherapy modalities:

Heat Therapy
Production, Physiological effects, indications, contraindications and specific uses of the following:
Infrared rays, Paraffin Wax Bath, Steam Bath, Sauna Bath, Moist Heat Pack, Fluidotherapy, Mud Bath
and Pelloids.

Hydrotherapy
History & Introduction. Physiological Effects &Techniques. Use of Hydrotherapy in Physiotherapy.
Various Types of baths.

Cryotherapy
Physiological effects, Use of cold therapy in acute phase, rehabilitative phase, preventive phase of
athletic injury, Methods of application, indications and contraindications.

Electrotherapy

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 1. Principles underlying the application of following modalities with reference to their
production, biophysical and therapeutic effects, indications and contraindications. Clinical Implication
and the technique of application with specific uses in Physiotherapy
a) Low Frequency Current:-Direct Current, Modified Direct Current, Alternative Current,
Diadynamic Current, Iontophoresis
b) TENS, High Voltage, Pulsed Galvanic Stimulation.
c) Medium Frequency Current: - IFT, Russian Currents.
d) High Frequency Currents: - SWD, MWD, Ultrasound, Pulsed Electromagnetic Energy.
e) Radiations: LASER, UVR
f) Traction, mechanical external compression.

2. Electro diagnosis and its implications to Sports Physiotherapy.

ELECTIVE

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 MPT IN ORTHOPAEDICS
PAPER I
1. Musculoskeletal - I
2. Musculoskeletal - II
PAPER II
3. Geriatric Rehabilitation
4. Women health
5. Hand Rehabilitation

Paper I
1. Musculoskeletal I

UNIT I
Embryology, Anatomy and normal development of the musculoskeletal system. Evaluation of muscles
and joints. Podiometry, Assessment of the arches of foot. Arthrokinematics and osteokinematics of
musculoskeletal system.

UNIT II

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 1. Paediatric Orthopaedic conditions and its management, congenital deformities and its
management.
2. Physiotherapy management of lumbosacral disorders, assessment of locomotor impairments,
disabilities, and disability evaluation.
3. Traumatic Orthopedics - Upper limb, Lower Limb and Spinal fractures. Medical, Surgical and
physiotherapy rehabilitation.

UNIT III
1. Assessment of posture, role of physiotherapy in scoliosis unit. Clinical symptomatology,
pathophysiology and pathomechanics of musculoskeletal conditions.
2. Brachial plexus Injuries, Peripheral nerve injuries & physiotherapy management, principles of
amputation surgery, prosthetic management, prosthetic gait deviations.
3. External aids, appliances, adaptive self help devices, prescription, biomechanical
compatibility, check out and training-upper limb & lower limb.
4. Physiotherapy Management of upper& lower limb fractures.
5. Physiotherapy Management after Replacement arthroplasties of shoulder, elbow, hip, knee &
ankle. Orthopaedic implants- design & materials.
6. Physiotherapy Management of cervical & thoracic spine disorders.
7. Physiotherapy Management of conditions affecting shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, ankle & foot.
8. Physiotherapy Management of spinal fractures, pelvic fractures & spinal cord injury.
9. Autoimmune disorders affecting musculoskeletal system & physiotherapy management.
10. Physiotherapy Management of vascular disorders.
11. Advanced investigative procedures like CT, MRI scanning.
12. Principles of Illizarov fixation & physiotherapy management.
13. Electrotherapeutic Agents Physiological effects Current update on the effectiveness.

2. Musculoskeletal - II
UNIT IV
1. Physiological movements - Biophysics of connective tissue, response to mechanical loading.
Articular neurophysiology and principles of applications. History of manual therapy -
overview of various manual therapy approaches for all joints.
2. Clinical reasoning and differential clinical diagnosis based on different approaches such as
Maitland, Cyriax, Kaltenborn, Mulligan, McKenzie, Myofascial release.

UNIT V
1. Soft tissue approach - myofascial technique, neutral tissue mobilisation, muscle energy
technique.
2. Practical application of various manual therapy approaches.
3. Therapeutic exercise as an adjunct to manual therapy.
4. Burn and Physiotherapy management.

UNIT VI

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 1. Upper limb injuries & PT management.
2. Lower limb injuries & PT management.
3. Spinal injuries & PT management.
4. Injury prevention.
5. Fitness training.

Paper II
3. Geriatric Rehabilitation
UNIT I
1. Principles of Geriatric Rehabilitation
2. Diabetes and Geriatric patient.
UNIT II
1. Arthritis in the elderly. Aging of the musculoskeletal system, Rheumatoid Arthritis in the
elderly & PT management.
2. Pathological fractures, fractures in elderly, osteoporosis, vertebral fractures, stress fractures &
PT management.
3. Stroke, Parkinsons disease and their PT management.
4. Exercise testing & prescription for geriatric population.
5. Falls & its prevention in elderly.
6. Prevention of cardiopulmonary deconditioning among geriatric patient.

4. Women Health
UNIT III
1. Review of Pelvic anatomy, types of pelvis, Pelvic floor muscles. Pelvic Organs, reproductive
tract and abdominals.
2. Physiology of female reproductive system.
3. Physiology of urinary and faecal continence.
4. Pelvic inflammatory diseases.
5. Pelvic pain.
6. Urogynaecology Urinary dysfunction.
7. Bowel and anorectal function and dysfunction.

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 8. Mastectomy.
9. Types of Prolapse.
10. Incontinence scales.
11. Gynecologic problems in Female athletes
12. Internal evaluation of PFM Grading, indication and contraindications.
13. Active Pelvic floor muscle exercises.
14. Impairment of Pelvic floor muscles and its PT management.
15. Physical and Physiological changes during Pregnancy.
16. Musculoskeletal changes during Pregnancy.
17. Common complication and discomforts during Pregnancy.
18. Stages and mechanism of labour.
19. Complication in labour.
20. Types of assisted deliveries.
21. Caesarean section.
22. High risk Pregnancies.
23. Antenatal and Post natal care.
24. Swiss ball in Pregnancy.
25. Electrotherapy modalities in obstetrics.
26. Physiotherapy in labour.

5. Hand Rehabilitation

UNIT IV
Anatomy of hand, assessment of hand. Functions of hand - motor & sensory organ.

UNIT V
1. Classification of hand injuries. Principles of hand rehabilitation. Detailed aspects of various
conditions. Tendon injuries, crush injuries, nerve injuries - Leprosy, burns, fractures, joints
injuries, Rheumatoid hand, Spastic hand, reconstruction and replantation, surgery, sensory
reeducation, functional re-education, Disability evaluation and compensation in hand injuries,
orthosis and splinting.
2. Rehabilitation after Tendon reconstruction surgery.
3. Rehabilitation after nerve graft, nerve suture & narcotization surgeries.

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 MPT IN NEUROLOGY

PAPER I
1. Neuroscience
2. Paediatric Biosciences
PAPER II
3. Physiotherapy for spinal cord injury
4. Geriatric Rehabilitation
5. Advanced Topics in Neurological physiotherapy

PAPER I
1. Neurosciences
UNIT I
1. Neuroanatomy
2. Neurophysiology
3. Growth and Development of Nervous system
UNIT II
1. Principles of Assessment
2. Motor control theories
3. Neural control of locomotion
4. Neurophysiologic approaches

2. Paediatric Biosciences
UNIT III
1. Embryology
2. Neonatal physiology
UNIT IV
1. Clinical decision making for the management of paediatric conditions
2. Neuropathy & myopathy
3. Paediatric conditions
UNIT V
1. Reflex Maturation
2. Developmental milestones

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 PAPER II

3. Physiotherapy for spinal cord injury

UNIT I
1. Spinal cord injuries- complications, consequences, SCI in children & adult rehabilitation
including sports rehab.
2. Various treatment approaches for medical and surgical management

UNIT II
1. Transfer training
2. Gait training
3. Wheelchair and orthotic support system
4. Skin care

4. Geriatric Rehabilitation
UNIT III
1. Principles of Geriatric Rehabilitation
2. Stroke, Parkinsons disease PT management.
3. Exercise testing & prescription for geriatric population.
4. Falls & its prevention in elderly.
5. Movement Disorders.

5. Advanced topics in Neurological physiotherapy

UNIT IV
1. Sensory evaluation and treatment.
2. Coordination evaluation and treatment
3. Motor control evaluation and treatment
4. Stroke rehabilitation
5. Traumatic head injury
6. Movement Disorder

UNIT V
1. Peripheral nerve lesions
2. Neuropathy

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 3. Lesions of central nervous system
4. Paediatric Neurological conditions
5. Application of Electrophysiology and Electrodiagnostic procedures in myogenic &
neurogenic conditions.
MPT IN CARDIO PULMONARY SCIENCE
PAPER I
1. Cardio Respiratory Sciences
2. Cardio Pulmonary Rehabilitation

PAPER II
3. Acute Cardio Respiratory Practice
4. Fitness Training & Health Promotion

PAPER I
1. Cardiorespiratory sciences
UNIT I
1. Cardio-thoracic applied anatomy
2. Respiratory and cardio vascular physiology
3. Applied anatomy of the Respiratory muscles
4. Mechanics of ventilation

UNIT II
1. Radiological anatomy
2. Clinical assessment, rationale of laboratory investigation and differential diagnosis,
ECG, exercise ECG testing, Echo, Halter monitoring imaging techniques, PFT and ABG
analysis.
3. Chest Physiotherapy techniques.
4. Adjuncts to chest physiotherapy techniques.
5. Cardio pulmonary Rehabilitation
UNIT III
1. Exercise physiology compared with abnormal exercise physiology
2. Patient evaluation, low level exercise testing, maximal exercise testing
3. Programme planning and implementation principles
4. Mobilization
UNIT IV
1. Various protocols, phase wise, early, late and long term processes in MI.
2. Beneficial effects of aerobic exercise for patients with coronary artery diseases

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 3. Detail study of various aspects of cardiac rehabilitation.
4. PVD
5. Cardiac transplantation
6. Trauma to the chest
UNIT V
1. Pediatric cardio vascular problems
2. Common pulmonary diseases, including assessment and management
3. Detail study of various conditions (obstructive, restrictive, surgical conditions)patient
intervention.
4. Pediatric pulmonary problems
5. Respiratory muscle training
6. Tumors of the heart

3. Acute cardio respiratory practice

UNIT I
1 .Goals and general basics of treatment
2. Specialized expertise like principles of patient management in ICU
3. General clinical aspects of management of patients in ICU

UNIT II
1. Importance of team work and infection control
2 .ICU management of primary cardiopulmonary dysfunction
3. Knowledge of ICU in terms of space, equipments and logistics
4. Oxygen administration, principles and technique
5. CPR

4. Fitness training and Health promotion

UNIT III
1. Fitness: definition, aspects and parameters for testing.
2. Scientific basis for exercise programs
3. Stress modification by exercise

UNIT IV
1. Fitness for cardiac patients; normal and abnormal cardiac activity and their effects on cardio
vascular system
2. Exercise testing - principles of testing and prescription
UNIT V

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 1. Effects of various exercise regimen on body
2. Nutrition and fitness

MPT IN PAEDIATRIC PHYSIOTHERAPY

PAPER I
1. Physiotherapy for Paediatric Neurological conditions
2. Paediatric Physiotherapy

PAPER II
1. Advanced Clinical Paediatrics
2. Clinical Practice in Physiotherapy

PAPER I

1. Clinical paediatric Neurological Physiotherapy

UNIT I
1. Clinical decision making for the management of paediatric conditions.
2. Peripheral nerve injury - Brachial Plexus Injury, Erbs palsy.
UNIT II
1. Traumatic brain injury
2. Down's syndrome
3. Cerebral Palsy
4. Spina bifida
5. Anterior Poliomyelitis &post-Polio syndrome
6. Muscular Dystrophy
7. Hydrocephalus
8. Infections of CNS Bacterial & Viral infections
9. Infantile Hemiplegia.
2. Paediatric Physiotherapy
UNIT III
1. Growth & development of child and its disorders.
2. Embryology
3. Neonatal physiology
UNIT IV

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 1. Neurodevelopmental assessment, developmental diagnosis developmental screening
(Paediatric Coma Scale).
2. Advances in the management of following conditions - CP, acquired brain injury, spina bifida
neuromuscular diseases.

UNIT V
1. Assessment and management of progressive locomotor disorders neuropathic and myopathic.

PAPER II
3. Advanced Clinical Paediatrics
UNIT I
1. Principles of laboratory investigation for differential diagnosis.
2. Neonatal care; risk babies and management
3. Genetic basis of paediatric disorders, counseling

UNIT II
1. Describe the various congenital and acquired orthopaedic problems in children and its medical,
surgical & PT management.
2. Describe the various congenital and acquired cardiac diseases in children and its medical,
surgical & PT management.
3. Describe the various respiratory problems and its medical, surgical & PT management.

UNIT III
1. Management of Musculoskeletal Impairments: JRA, Limb Deficiencies, Amputation,
Osteogenesis imperfecta, Arthroghyposis multiplex congenita, Hemophilia, The Burn unit.
2. Clinical Practice in Physiotherapy

UNIT IV
1. Concepts and principles of various approaches
2. Bobath approach
3. Motor relearning program

UNIT V
1. Vojta approach
2. Clinical reasoning & clinical decision making
3. Rational of plan of treatment

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 4. Sensory integration

UNIT VI
1. Intensive care management of high risk babies.

MPT IN SPORTS PHYSIOTHERAPY

PAPER I
1. Sports physiotherapy for upper quadrant.
2. Sports physiotherapy for lower quadrant.
PAPER II
3. Sports physiotherapy for spine and pelvis
4. Exercise in Clinical practice.
PAPER I
Description
1. Clinical sports physiotherapy for upper quadrant
UNIT I
1. Analysis of movement of sports injuries in upper limb
2. Concepts of motor control, clinical assessment and diagnosis of injury management.
3. Neuromusculoskeletal anatomy, applied anatomy and physiology including pain,
neurosensory and motor control, psychosocial and behavioral issues
UNIT II
1. Shoulder girdle injuries
2. Shoulder rehabilitation
3 .Elbow joint injuries
4. Elbow Rehabilitation
5. Wrist and Hand injuries
6. Wrist and Hand Rehabilitation
2. Sports Physiotherapy for lower quadrant
UNIT III
1. Injuries of hip
2. Knee injuries
3. Injuries of the patella
4. Hip & Knee Rehabilitation
UNIT IV
1. Injuries to the lower leg and ankle.
2. Injuries to foot.
3. Ankle & Foot Rehabilitation

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UNIT V
1. Injuries to the running athlete
2. Common running related injuries to the knee
3. Common running related injuries to the knee and leg
4. Swimming injuries.
PAPER II
2. Sports Physiotherapy for spine and pelvis
UNIT I
1. Applied anatomy and biomechanics of sports injury in the lumbar spine pelvis, hip and groin.
2. Biomechanics of sports injuries in such as distance running, sprinting, jumping, rowing,
football, skiing, court sports and cycling.
3. Core stability and motor control in the sport activities involving spine.
UNIT II
1. Specific physiotherapy for injuries including manual therapy and exercise for rehabilitation.
2. Analyze pathomechanics of injury of spine and pelvis and develop screening and plan
preventive and conditioning programs.
3. Exercise in clinical practice
UNIT III
1. Exercise physiology and prevention of athletic injuries
2. Warm up period
3. Protective and supportive equipments
4. Emergency care and first aid
UNIT IV
1. Treatment of Athletic Injuries.
2. Therapeutic modalities and procedures
3. Taping, strapping and splinting in sports physiotherapy
UNIT V
1. Injury rehabilitation - goals, types of exercise and special forms of exercises
2. Special groups: Physiotherapy management for female, disabled, younger & older athlete
3. Neural mobilization
4. Trigger point release

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MPT IN OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
Paper I

1. Medical & Surgical Gynecology

2. Physiotherapy in Gynecology

Paper II

1. Clinical Obstetrics

2. Physiotherapy in Obstetrics.

Subject Objectives

General;

On completion of the subject, students will have had the opportunity to develop the following skills.

An advanced understanding of the changing knowledge base in this clinic area.

An ability to evaluate and synthesis the research and professional literature in this area.

An understanding of the significance and value of their knowledge to the wider community.

An appreciation of a team approach to learning.

Specific

On completion of this subject, students will have had the opportunity to develop the following
specific skills.

Plan, deliver and evaluate appropriate exercise programs for specific women's groups
within the community.

Understand the impact of exercise on the altered physiology, pathophysiology and psychology of
pregnancy, menopause, ageing and osteopenia /osteoporosis.

Identify the legal and safety issues associated with exercise classes for women with specific physical
needs.

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 Understand the motivational and marketing aspects of leading community and hospital based
exercise classes.

PAPER I

Description

1. Medical & Surgical Gynecology.

UNIT I

1. Review of Pelvic anatomy, types of pelvis, Pelvic floor muscles. Pelvic organs, reproductive tract
and abdominals. Internal and external genitalia.

2. Physiology of female reproductive system.

3. Menstrual cycle and its integration.

4. Anatomy and development of Breast.

5. Physiology of urinary and faecal continence.

UNIT II

1. Gynecological infections.

2. Pelvic inflammatory diseases.

3. Cyst and new growth in reproductive system.

4. Endometriosis.

5. Polycystic ovarian syndrome.

6. Pelvic pain.

7. Infertility.

8. Menstrual abnormalities.

9. Contraception and family planning.

UNIT III

1. Urogynecology Urinary dysfunction.

2. Bowel and anorectal function and dysfunction.

3. Gynecological surgeries.

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4. Puerperal sterilization.

5. Abortion and its types.

6. Breast cancer and its screening procedures.

7. Mastectomy.

8. Types of Prolapse.

9. Menopause and osteoporosis.

10. Gynecologic Problems in adolescent population.

11. Laproscopy and laser surgeries in Gynecological condition.

12. Hirsutism.

13. Incontinence scales.

14. Gynecological problems in Female athletes

2. Physiotherapy in Gynecology

UNIT IV

1. Internal evaluation of PFM Grading, indications and contraindications

2. Active Pelvic floor muscle exercises.

3. Impairment of Pelvic floor muscles and its PT management.

4. Levator ani syndrome, coccydynia and its PT management

5. Vulvodynia, vaginismus, anismus and its PT management.

6. Dyspareunia and its PT management.

7. Pre and post Physiotherapy management for Gynecological Surgeries.

8. Effect of altered tone of hip and trunk muscles over Pelvic floor muscles.

UNIT V

1. Electrotherapeutic modalities in Gynecological conditions.

2. Bio feedback.

3. Relaxation Techniques

4. Vaginal cones.

5. Perineometer.

6. Bladder training.

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7. Aerobic and Anaerobic training.

Paper II

3. Clinical Obstetrics

UNIT I

1. Preconception assessment and diagnostic test.

2. Developmental anatomy Embryology in detail.

3. Diagnostic test during Pregnancy.

4. Physical and Physiological changes during Pregnancy.

5. Musculoskeletal changes during Pregnancy.

6. Common complication and discomforts during Pregnancy.

7. Stages and mechanism of labor.

8. Complication in labor.

9. Types of assisted deliveries.

10. Caesarean section.

11. High risk Pregnancies.

12. Gestation tropoblastic diseases.

13. IUD.

14. GDM.

15. Water birth.

16. PIH and eclampsia.

UNIT II

1. Puerperium and its physiological changes.

2. Diastasis recti.

3. Breast milk, its advantages.

4. Common problem in Breast feeding.

5. Types of nipples and its problems.

4. Physiotherapy in Obstetrics

UNIT III

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1. Antenatal classes.

2. Swiss ball in Pregnancy.

3. Electrotherapy modalities in obstetrics.

4. Physiotherapy in labor.

5. Breast feeding positions.

6. Episiotomy and its PT management.

UNIT IV

1. Perineal massage.

2. Breast engorgement and its PT management.

3. Aerobics.

4. Weight training in Pregnancy.

UNIT V

1. Physiotherapy management of edema in Pregnancy.

2. Physiotherapy management of GDM, High risk Pregnancy.

3. Water birth.

4. Management of common problem in Antenatal period.

5. PT management of diastasis recti.

PAPER III
PEDAGOGY IN PHYSIOTHERAPY EDUCATION INCLUDING MANAGEMENT AND
ADMINISTRATION
Following are the topics to be included but not limited to:
1. Education
a. Introduction
b. Educational Philosophy Idealism, Naturalism, Pragmatism
c. Aims of Education
d. Functions of Education
e. Formal, informal and non-formal education
f. Agencies of Education
g. Current issues and Trends in Higher Education
h. Issue of quality in Higher Education
i. Autonomy and Accountability

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 j. Privatization of Education
2. Concept of Teaching and Learning
a. Meaning and scope of Educational Psychology
b. Meaning and Relationship between teaching and learning
c. Learning theories
d. Dynamics of behavior
e. Individual differences
3. Curriculum
a. Meaning and concept
b. Basis of curriculum formulation
c. Framing objectives for curriculum
d. Process of curriculum development and factors involved
e. Evaluation of curriculum
4. Method and techniques of teaching
a. Lecture
b. Demonstration
c. Discussion
d. Seminar
e. Assignment
f. Project
g. Case study

5. Planning for teaching

a. Blooms taxonomy of instructional objectives
b. Writing instructional objectives I behavioral terms
c. Unit planning
d. Lesson planning
6. Teaching Aids
a. Types of teaching aids
b. Principles of selection, preparation and use of audio-visual aids
7. Measurement and Evaluation
a. Nature of educational measurement: meaning, process, types of tests
b. Construction of an achievement test and its analysis
c. Standardized test
d. Introduction of some standardized tools, important tests of intelligence, aptitude and
personality
e. e. Continuous and comprehensive evaluation

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8. Guidance and Counseling
a. Meaning and concepts of guidance and counseling
b. Principles of guidance and counseling
9. Awareness of Programme
a. Awareness and guidance to the common people about health and disease

Administration, Management & Ethics

UNIT 1 Management
1. Financial and Corporate Management
2. Marketing and Management
3. International Relations and Business
4. Organizational Behavior and Culture
5. Basic Economics
UNITII Administration
1. Functions of management
2. Fundamentals of hospital administration
3. Management Process Planning, Organization, Direction, Controlling, Decision Making
4. Personnel Management Staffing, Recruitment, Selection, Performance appraisal, Collective
bargaining, Job Satisfaction.
5. Total Quality management basics, quality control, quality assurance, hospitals and
medical audit, International Quality System, Six Sigma approach
6. Just in Time approach.

UNIT III Ethics & Legal Issues

1. Rules of Professional conduct
2. Legal responsibility
3. Code of ethics
4. Functions of Physiotherapy associations
5. Role of International health agencies
6. Standards of practice for Physiotherapists
7. Liability and obligations in the case of medical legal action
8. Law of disability and discrimination
9. Confidentiality of the Patients status
10. Consumer Protection Law, Health law.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS
APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY, BIOMECHANICS
1. Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement - ;Joe Hamill and Knutsen Publishers -
2. Williams and Wilkins.
3. Scientific Basis of Human Movement - Gowitzke, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore,
4. 1988, 3rd Edition.
5. Clinical Biomechanics of Spine - White A.A. and Panjabi - J.B. Lippincot,
6. Philadelphia.

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 7. Brainstorms Clinical Kinesiology - Laura K. Myth et al., Publishers - F.A. Davis.
8. Kinesiology of the Human Body under normal and pathological conditions Arthur
9. Steindler.
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY & ELECTRO PHYSIOLOGY
1. Text Book of work Physiology - Guyton, Prim Books Bangalore - 1991, 8th Edition.
2. Samson Wright's Applied Physiology - Cyril A. Keele, Eric Neil and Normal Joels.
3. Exercise Physiology - Mc Ardle, Katch, Katch.
4. Clinical Electromyography (Part I basic section only) Nerve Conduction Studies -
Shin J.OH - Publisher Williams & Wilkins.
5. Clinical Neurophysiology - Nerve conduction, Electriomyography and Evoked Potentials -
UK Misra, Publisher B.I. Churchill Livingstone.
6. Manual of Nerve conduction velocity techniques - DE HSA, Raven Press, New York.
7. Electrodiagnosis in Diseases of Nerve & Muscle - Kimura FA Davis, Philadelphia.
PHYSICAL & FUNCTIONAL EVALUATION
1. Physical Rehabilitation - Susan `O' Sullaivan.
2. The Neurological Examination - Dejong's Armin F. Haerer, Publisher Lippincott Raven.
3. Bio-Feed Back - A Practitioners Guide - Kerb D, Guiford Press.
4. Biofeed Back J.Y. Basmajain.
EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE
1. Research for Physiotherapist - Hicks C. Churchill & Livingstone Edinburgh, 1995Ed.
2. An Introduction to Biostatics - A Manual for students in Health Sciences. P.S S Sundar Rao J.
Richard.
3. Introduction to Research in Health Sciences - Polgar S., Churchill Livingstone, London, 1988.
4. Elements of Research in Physical Therapy - Currier D.P., Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
1990 Eds.
5. Hand Book of Research Method - Sproull, Scarecrow Press, 1998.
6. Physical Therapy Research - Domholdt, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1993.

MPT IN ORTHOPAEDICS
1. Orthopaedic Physical Therapy - Donattelli, London, Churchill Livingstone, 1994.
2. Gait Analysis - Perry J. Black Thorofare, Newjersy 1992.
3. Myofascial Pain & Dysfunction - Travell, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1983.
4. Physical Therapy of the Low Back - Tuomoy, Churchill, Livingstone, London,1994.
5. Vertebral Manipulation - Maitland, G.D. Boston, Butter Worth & Co. Boston1997.
6. Peripheral Manipulation - Maitland G.D. Boston, Butter worth & Co. Boston 1997.
7. Hand Rehabitation - Christine - Churchill, Livingstone, London 1995.
8. Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy - Robin McKenzie.
9. Aspects of Manipulative Therapy - (Glasgow, Twomey) Churchill Livingstone.
10. Saunder's Manual of Physical Therapy (Mosby).
11. Common Vertebral Problems - Grieve (Churchill Livingstone).
MPT IN NEUROLOGY
1. Neurological Physiotherapy - Susan Edward.
2. Stroke Patient - Principles of Rehabilitation - John Stone (Churchill Livingstone).
3. Motor Relearning Programme for Stroke - Carr & Shephered.
4. Hemiplegia - Bobath & Bobath.

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 5. Neurorehabilitation - Farber, WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
6. The Neural Basis of Motor Control - Black I, Churchill Livingstone, London, 1987.
7. Tetraplegia & Paraplegia - IDA Brom Bley, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, 1991.
8. Proprioceptive Neuro Muscular Facilitation Techniques Knot M. and Voss, Harperand Row,
New York 1972.
9. De Jong's the Neurological Examination, Armin F. Haerer Lippincott - Raven.
10. Abnormal Postural Reflex Activity caused by Brain Lesions. Bobath B. Aspen, Publications
Rockville, 1987.
11. Spinal Cord Injuries - Orthopaedic & Neurological Aspects A.G. Hardy & Rossier A.B.

MPT IN CARDIOPULMONARY SCIENCES

1. Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy - Irwin & Tecklin (Mosby).
2. Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation - Barbara.
3. Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation - Frownfelter & Dean.
4. Chest Physiotherapy in Intensive Care Unit - Mackenzie, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.
5. Cardiopulmonary symptoms in Physiotherapy - Cohen M, Churchill, Livingstone, London
1988.
6. A Manual of Neonatal Intensive Care - Robert NRC, Edward Arnold, London 1986.
7. Cardiopulmonary Equipments - David Eubanks & Bone.
8. Clinical Nutrition - Davidson.
9. Exercise Physiology and Physical Education in Athletics - Fox and Mathews.
MPT IN PAEDIATRIC PHYSIOTHERAPY
1. A Manual of Neonatal Intensive Care - Robert NRC Edward Arnold, London, 1986.
2. Child with Spina Bifida - Anderson EM and Spain B. Methun, London 1977.
3. The Neural Basis of Motor Control - Black I, Churchill Livingstone, London 1987.
4. Paediatric Neurological Physical Therapy - Susan Campbell.
5. Management of Motor Disorders of Children with Cerebral Palsy - Scrutton D.
6. Treatment of Cerebral Palsy & Motor Delay - Sophie Levitt (Blackwell).
7. Physiotherapy for Spina Bifida - L. Holgate.
8. Physical therapy for children - Suzann K. Campbell.
9. Paediatric Physical therapy - Tecklin.
10. Treatment of Cerebral palsy and motor delay Sofia Levit.
11. Neurological Rehabilitation Umphred.
12. Text book of Pediatrics Guptha.
13. Cardio Pulmonary Rehabilitation Elizabeth Dean
14. Motor relearning Program Carr & Shepered.

MPT IN SPORTS PHYSIOTHERAPY

1. Sports Rehabilitation - MA Hutson (Churchill Livingstone).
2. Clinical Sports Medicine - Isani and Melone.
3. Sports Medicine - Shellock, Mink & Deutsh.
4. Encyclopaedia of Sports Sciences & Medicine - American College of Sports Medicine.
5. Food for Sports - N.J. Smith.
6. Strength Training - D.P. Riley.
7. Sports Injury, Assessment & Rehabilitation David C. Reid.
8. Sports Injuries of the Shoulder - Souza Thomas. A. Churchill, Livingstone, London1994.
9. Sports & Physical Therapy - Bemhardt Donna, Churchill, Livingstone, London1995.
10. Hand Rehabilitation - Clark W.
11. Hand Rehabilitation - Toubiana.
12. Hand Rehabilitation - Wyn Parry (Butterworths)

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 13. The Hand: Principles & Techniques of Splint Making in Rehabilitation - Barr N.R. (Butter
Worths).
14. Hand Pain & Impairment R. Caillet (F.A. Davis & Co.)
15. Hand Rehabilitation - Christine - Churchill Livingstone, London, 1995.

JOURNALS
1. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (Jospt).
2. Journal of American Physical Therapy.
3. Australian Physiotherapy Journal.
4. American Journal of Sports Medicine.
5. British Journal of Sports Medicine.
6. Paraplegia - IDA Bromley - International Medical Society of Paraplegia.
7. Physiotherapy (Canada).
8. Paediatric Physical Therapy.
9. Journal of Chartered Society of Physiotherapy.
10. Indian Journal of Cerebral Palsy.
11. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation.
12. American Journal of Sports Exercises.
13. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation.

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