a) 2) GB) @ CIVIL ENGINEERING 212B SPRING 1999 Homework 1 Due Thursday, April 15, 1999 Starting with the integral form of moment equilibrium, i. Jxxtda+ [xxbpav=o, ap ? show that the stress tensor must be symmetric (ie. T=" or Ty =T,;). You will need to use the divergence theorem, and the arbitrariness of the region of integration P. Consider the three-dimensional displacement field uy = A(x) + Bx, x5 es by cen (2J] 4 = Dxyx(x1), where A,B,C, D are constants of appropriate dimension. Imagine that the cylinder 0 < x3 < 2a, (x1)? + (x2)? < a” suffers this displacement field. Find the change in volume due to this deformation. (Recall the the fractional volume change is equal to the trace of the strain tensor; ie. €.) For an isotropic, linearly elastic solid, the elastic modulus £ is the ratio between the applied normal stress and the resulting normal strain in the same direction, under a state of uniaxial stress. The Poisson’s ratio v, on the other hand, is the negative of the ratio of the transverse normal strain to the axial normal strain in uniaxial stress. Using these definitions, along with the constitutive relation Ty =A6j eu +26, deduce relationships for E and v in terms of 4 and sz. Then, invert this constitutive relation so that the components of strain are given explicitly in terms of the components of stress, E, and v. Write expressions for the normal component and the shear component of traction on a sur- face element with outward unit normal n in terms of the stress tensor T and the vector n. Please give your expressions both in terms of index notation (je. using Ty and n,) and in symbolic form (i.e. using T and n).