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\title{ECE 260\\LAB REPORT 01}

\author{Worked By Mario Paja\thanks{mpaja15@epoka.edu.al}\\ And Olgert Magilaj\t
hanks{omagilaj15@epoka.edu.al}}
\date{April 19, 2017}
\usepackage[colorlinks]{hyperref}
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\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section*{Introduction}
In this laboratory the main topic were NPN BTJ-s. We learned about BJT pins and
how to connect them with other components in a circuit, especially Common emitte
r which we used in all three experiments. We learned more about Power Supply we
used and about its constant current and constant current. In all experiments we
did the measurements and then created tables and plotted the graphs.
\section{Experiment 1}
\subsection{Components we used}
In this Experiment we used 1 BJT (2N3904), 1 Breadboard, 1 900$\Omega$ Resistor,
1 130k$\Omega$ Resistor, 2 Digital Multimeters,1 Power Supply, Jumpers.
\subsection{Experiment Tasks}
We have to build the circuit with the required components in the given way. Then
we have add Voltmeter and Ampermeter as shown below. We have to fix V\tiny CC \
large = 5V. With the other channel of the Power Supply we give voltage to the ba
se V\tiny BB \large . V\tiny BB \large varies from 0 V to 20 V. As V\tiny BB \l
arge changes we have to measure how V\tiny BE \large and I\tiny B \large alter
nate. After the measurement we have to build the graph in MATLAB with the values
we found.See \myhyperlink{myTarget} for the values or see Figure \ref{fig:4} fo
r the plot. \\
\begin{figure}[H]
\center
\includegraphics[scale=1]{E1}
\caption{Experiment 1 Schematic}
\end{figure}
\newpage
\subsection{Conclusions}
This experiment helped us to understand and create a better idea about working p
oint and characteristics. By the measurements we were able to plot the BJT Commo
n Emitter input characteristic curve. We could see clearly that input voltage di
d not extend 0.7 V clearly the voltage we have studied and used to solve exercis
es during class hours.
\section{Experiment 2}
\subsection{Components we used}
In this Experiment we used 1 BJT (2N3904), 1 Breadboard, 1 900$\Omega$ Resistor,
1 130k$\Omega$ Resistor, 2 Digital Multimeters,1 Power Supply, Jumpers.
\subsection{Experiment Tasks}
We have to build the circuit with the required components as shown below. Then w
e have add Voltmeter and Ampermeter. At first we have to fix V\tiny BB \large s
o that I\tiny B \large = 5$\mu$A. By the values we found before at \myhyperlink
{myTarget}. We find V\tiny BB \large that matches this current. Secondly we do t
he same thing but for I\tiny B \large = 10$\mu$A and later for I\tiny B \large
= 15$\mu$A. We will measure I\tiny C \large and V\tiny CE \large . After we fin
ish the measurements we have to build the table with all the values and plot the
graphs. See \myhyperlink{myTarg} for the values and See Figure \ref{fig:5} f
or the graph.\\
\begin{figure}[H]
\center
\includegraphics[scale=1]{E2}
\caption{Experiment 2 Schematic}
\end{figure}
\subsection{Conclusions}
In this experiment we did the measurement to understand how VCE and IC changes w
hile we increase VCC when we have fixed IB and VB. We plotted the values on MATL
AB and understood that a small increase on the Base Voltage and current had a b
ig impact on the plot. It forced the maximum Ic to decrease also to change the
working point.
\section{Experiment 3}
\subsection{Components we used}
In this Experiment we used 1 BJT (2N3904), 1 Breadboard, 1 900$\Omega$ Resistor,
1 130k$\Omega$ Resistor, 1 50$\Omega$ Resistor, Jumpers, Function Generator, Os
cilloscope, Capacitors.
\subsection{Experiment Tasks}
In this experiment we have to build the small-signal model of the BJT and then w
ith oscilloscope we have to show the input and output signal, also we have to s
how the amplification of the signal.See Figure \ref{fig:6}\\
\begin{figure}[H]
\center
\includegraphics[scale=0.8]{E3}
\caption{Experiment 3 Schematic}
\end{figure}
\subsection{Conclusions}
After the third experiment we were able to use a BJT as an Voltage amplifier wit
h a gain of Vo/Vi=-100V/V. It is negative because we can clearly that they are n
ot in phase. Since the experiment wanted us only to see this voltage we inserted
here just this measurement but while increasing/decreasing amplitude and freque
ncy we could see that when the amplitude gets bigger the output signal changes i
ts shape and it was not any more a sinusoid but when we increased the frequency
we had less distortion on the output signal.
\section*{Appendix}

\subsection*{\hypertarget{myTarget}{Appendix Experiment 1}}

\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline
 V\tiny BB \large (V) & V\tiny BE \large (mV) & I\tiny B \large($\mu$A)\\\hline
0.1 & 78 & 0.1 \\\hline
0.2 & 223.9 & 0.1 \\\hline
0.3 & 345.2 & 0.1 \\\hline
0.4 & 417 & 0.1 \\\hline
0.5 & 469 & 0.2 \\\hline
0.6&557 &0.3 \\\hline
0.7 &609 &1.2 \\\hline
0.8 &618 &1.6 \\\hline
0.9 &627 &2.2 \\\hline
1.0 &633 &3.5 \\\hline
1.1 &639 &3.9 \\\hline
1.2 &646 &4.6 \\\hline
1.3 &651 &5.0 \\\hline
1.4 &654 &6.1 \\\hline
1.6 &660 &7.7 \\\hline
1.8 &664 &8.9 \\\hline
2.0 &669 &10.6 \\\hline
2.2 &672 &12.1 \\\hline
2.4 &676 &13.9 \\\hline
2.6 &680 &15.4 \\\hline
2.8 &682 &17.0 \\\hline
3.0 &685 &18.4 \\\hline
3.2 &688 &19.8 \\\hline
3.4 &691 &21.5 \\\hline
3.6 &693 &22.6 \\\hline
3.8 &694 &24.4 \\\hline
4.0 &695 &26.0 \\\hline
4.2 &696 &27.2 \\\hline
4.4 &696 &29.2 \\\hline
4.6 &697 &30.2 \\\hline
4.8 &697 &31.6 \\\hline
5.0 &697 &33.3 \\\hline
5.4 &698 &36.8 \\\hline
5.8 &698 &39.3 \\\hline
6.2 &698 &42.5 \\\hline
6.6 &699 &46.1 \\\hline
7.0 &699 &48.7 \\\hline
7.5 &699 &52.5 \\\hline
8.0 &700 &56.7 \\\hline
8.5 &700 &60.3 \\\hline
9.0 &700 &64.6 \\\hline
9.5 &701 &68.2 \\\hline
10.0 &701 &72.0 \\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{0.9\textwidth}\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline
V\tiny BB \large (V) & V\tiny BE \large (mV) & I\tiny B \large($\mu$A)\\\hline
10.5 &701 &75.6 \\\hline
11.0 &701 &79.7 \\\hline
12.0 &702 &87.3 \\\hline
13.0 &702 &95.3 \\\hline
14.0 &70 &102.5 \\\hline
15.0 &703 &110.1 \\\hline
16.0 &703 &117.8 \\\hline
17.0 &704 &125.6 \\\hline
18.0 &704 &133.8 \\\hline
19.0 &705 &141.2 \\\hline
20.0 &705 &148.6 \\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\newpage
\begin{figure}[H]\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.8]{gr1}
\caption{V\tiny CE \large vs I\tiny C \large plot}
\label{fig:4}
\end{figure}
\subsection*{\hypertarget{myTarg}{Appendix Experiment 2}}
\begin{minipage}{0.35\textwidth}
I\tiny B\large = 5$\mu$A and V\tiny BB\large = 1.3V
\\
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline
V\tiny CC \large (V) & V\tiny CE\large (mV)& I\tiny C \large($\mu$A)\\\hline
0.1 & 57.0 & 65.7\\\hline
0.2 & 82.2 & 176.1\\\hline
0.3 &84.7 & 192.4\\\hline
0.4 & 96.8 & 283.9\\\hline
0.5 & 109.3 & 406.0\\\hline
0.6&117.4&496.0\\\hline
0.7&125.1&588.0\\\hline
0.8&135.2&711.0\\\hline
0.9&138.0&744.0\\\hline
1.0&145.5&831.0\\\hline
1.1&153&913.0\\\hline
1.2&165.5&1024\\\hline
1.3&189.3&1168\\\hline
1.4&193.6&1185\\\hline
1.5&245.8&1275\\\hline
1.6&297.3&1290\\\hline
1.7&403&1294 \\\hline
1.8&552&1296 \\\hline
1.9&612&1298 \\\hline
2.0&707&1298 \\\hline
2.2&868&1301 \\\hline
2.4&1066&1304 \\\hline
2.6&1270&1306 \\\hline
2.8&1467&1308 \\\hline
3.0&1741&1311 \\\hline
3.3&1959&1313 \\\hline
3.6&2267&1316 \\\hline
3.9&2597&1319 \\\hline
4.4&3131&1324 \\\hline
4.8&3514&1328 \\\hline
5.2&3917&1331 \\\hline
5.6&4240&1334 \\\hline
6.0&4640&1337 \\\hline
6.5&5220&1342 \\\hline
7.0&5650&1347 \\\hline
7.5&6190&1352 \\\hline
8.0&6660&1356 \\\hline
8.5&7111&1361 \\\hline
9.0&7700&1365 \\\hline
9.5&8130&1370 \\\hline
10.0&8600&1374 \\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{0.35\textwidth}
I\tiny B\large = 10.6$\mu$A and V\tiny BB\large = 2 V
\\
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline
V\tiny CC \large (V) & V\tiny CE\large (mV)& I\tiny C \large($\mu$A)\\\hline
0.1 & 46.9 & 77.8 \\\hline
0.2 & 57.4 & 127.2\\\hline
0.3 &71.2 & 223.2\\\hline
0.4 & 84.8 & 365.6\\\hline
0.5 & 89.7 & 431.0\\\hline
0.6&94.4&501.0\\\hline
0.7&101.9&627.0\\\hline
0.8&107.9&739.0\\\hline
0.9&109.2&804.0\\\hline
1.0&116.3&873.0\\\hline
1.1&121&1017.0\\\hline
1.2&122.5&1080\\\hline
1.3&126.0&1149\\\hline
1.4&132.0&1267\\\hline
1.5&135.3&1342\\\hline
1.6&139.6&1440\\\hline
1.7&146.0&1580\\\hline
1.8&148.3&1626\\\hline
1.9&156.3&1785\\\hline
2.0&157.8&1812\\\hline
2.2&172.5&2048\\\hline
2.4&189.4&2237\\\hline
2.6&212.3&2385\\\hline
2.8&280.8&2504\\\hline
3.0&435.0&2523\\\hline
3.3&743&2534\\\hline
3.6&1018&2541\\\hline
3.9&1363&2550\\\hline
4.4&1825&2563\\\hline
4.8&2224&2574\\\hline
5.2&2616&2583\\\hline
5.6&3021&2593\\\hline
6.0&3441&2601\\\hline
6.5&3880&2610\\\hline
7.0&4410&2622\\\hline
7.5&4900&2634\\\hline
8.0&5350&2647\\\hline
8.5&5830&2658\\\hline
9.0&6350&2669\\\hline
9.5&6840&2680\\\hline
10.0&7330&2693\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{0.4\textwidth}
I\tiny B\large = 15.4$\mu$A and V\tiny BB\large = 2.6 V
\\
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline
V\tiny CC \large (V) & V\tiny CE\large (mV)& I\tiny C \large($\mu$A)\\\hline
0.1 & 37.2 &65.6 \\\hline
0.2 & 58.0 & 187.0\\\hline
0.3 &67.3 & 275.7\\\hline
 0.4 & 75.6 & 378.1\\\hline
0.5 & 80.1 & 446\\\hline
0.6& 87.3&570\\\hline
0.7&89.3&608\\\hline
0.8&93.3&692\\\hline
0.9&97.3&781\\\hline
1.0&103.9&943\\\hline
1.1&106.7&1016\\\hline
1.2&109.6&1096\\\hline
1.3&112.3&1172\\\hline
1.4&116.7&1302\\\hline
1.5&118.6&1359\\\hline
1.6&122.1&1468\\\hline
1.7&125.0&1558\\\hline
1.8&127.9&1649\\\hline
1.9&133.2&1814\\\hline
2.0&134.4&1854\\\hline
2.2&142.8&2111\\\hline
2.4&148.4&2275\\\hline
2.6&153.1&2406\\\hline
2.8&160.5&2597\\\hline
3.0&169.1&2792\\\hline
3.3&184.7&3068\\\hline
3.6&211.2&3351\\\hline
3.9&280.9&3573\\\hline
4.4&731&3633\\\hline
4.8&1094&3648\\\hline
5.2&1542&3670\\\hline
5.6&1946&3688\\\hline
6.0&2330&3702\\\hline
6.5&2742&3724\\\hline
7.0&3230&3745\\\hline
7.5&3746&3766\\\hline
8.0&4160&3786\\\hline
8.5&4680&3810\\\hline
9.0&5140&3828\\\hline
9.5&5630&3850\\\hline
10.0&6100&3866\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\newpage
\begin{figure}[H]\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.7]{gr2}
\caption{V\tiny CE \large vs I\tiny C \large plot}
\label{fig:5}
Purple plot I\tiny B\large = 5$\mu$A and V\tiny BB\large = 1.3V\\
Yellow plot I\tiny B\large = 10.6$\mu$A and V\tiny BB\large = 2 V\\
Red plot I\tiny B\large = 15.4$\mu$A and V\tiny BB\large = 2.6 V
\end{figure}
\subsection*{\hypertarget{my}{Appendix Experiment 3}}
\begin{figure}[H]\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.19]{gr3}
\caption{Small Signal Model}
\label{fig:6}
\end{figure}
\end{document}