Memory ( )

(Register)


1 128

Control unit 1
flags flags track
flags status registers
 Control unit
Program counter register
o address
Instruction register (IR)
o
Memory address register (MAR)
o address
Memory data register (MDR)
o memory buffer register

 Cache
CPU
Cache Cache CPU Cache
Level1 L1 Cache CPU Cache Level2 L2
Cache L1 Level
L1 Level
(transfer) transfer
block level
- (rolled in rolled out) block
Cache
rolled out Cache
CPU
 Main Memory




3
(RAM) (ROM) (CMOS)
 (RAM)
Random access memory RAM

(volatile)

(secondary
storage)
flash ROM flash memory

 (ROM)
Read - 0nly memory ROM
(start -up)


 CMOS
CMOS complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

(disk
drive) CMOS
CMOS CMOS
CMOS
RAM

 Solid State Drive SSD

SSD Flash Memory Flash Drive
SSD



(Notebook)

Solid State Drive SSD
Flash
(Notebook) (Ultra book) SSD
(Notebook)
 Solid State Drive (SSD)
Solid State Drive (SSD)
-

-
-
-
-
- SSD
Defragment
SSD
 Solid State Drive (SSD)
-
- SSD
512GB ( Apple
SSD 512GB $1,100
33,000 ) SSD
1.6TB 3
(
)
-
SSD Flash Memory
 Fixed Rigid Disk
/
fixed disk
floppy disk

40 - 1,000

 Optical disk

4

o CD-ROM : Compack Disk

o CD-R : CD
(writer)
o Worm disks Write once read many CD
1
o Erasable optical disks CD-RW:

 magnetic tape



(sequential
access) 5



 Flash drive
(Flash memory)


Flash drive

 Removable Drive
(Drive)
Port USB
8 , 16 , 32 , 64 , 128 1024
Pen Drive ,
Thump Drive , Flash Drive
 RAM(Random Access Memory)


RAM : RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY
RAM / CPU

RAM
RAM (Volatile)
2
DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
SRAM (Static RAM)
 RAM : RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY
DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
Capacitor 0
1 Capacitor
Refresh

1 0

0 1
 RAM : RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY
SRAM (Static RAM)

(0 1) Flip-flop logic gate

 ROM read-only memory

ROM Nonvolatile
PROM(Programmable ROM)
ROM


 EPROM (Erasable PROM)




ROM PROM
EPROM PROM
EEPROM(Electronically EPROM)
ROM
Nonvolatile

EEPROM EPROM
 Flash ROM
Flash ROM EEPROM
Flash ROM Computer BIOS