Multiplex Paper Biochip

for Acute Kidney Injury Group 31

Diagnostics
Savannah Est
Anthony Han
Benjamin Huang
 500,000
People affected yearly by AKI (US)

$16,000
Risk adjusted increase in
cost-of-care per patient

5x
Increase in mortality in
Source: American Society of Anesthesiologists postoperative care
Prototype
Prototype in Use
Imprinting Protocol
Design Specifications
Design Specification Metric Prototype

Multiplex Biomarker > 1 AKI biomarker 2 AKI biomarkers

(NGAL and FABP1)

Biochip Output LSPR wavelength shift(s) LSPR wavelength shift(s)

Selectivity < 2nm shift interference < 3nm statistically significant

shift interference

Sensitivity >= 2nm shift at <= 75ng/mL >= 2nm shift at

>= 150ng/mL

Testing Time < 24 hrs 2.5 hrs

Substrate Material Whatman Filter Paper #1 Whatman Filter Paper #1

Cost of Materials < $50 per chip $21.40

Minimum Fabrication Time <= 48 hours 40.65 hours

Storage at Room Temperature Consistent after a week Yes

Product Dimensions (l x w x h) < 7 x 7 x 0.5cm 1.5 x 1 x 0.01cm

 NGAL FABP1

Multiplex Biochip

Multiplex chip test. Chips were imprinted with 5g/mL of NGAL and FABP1 in their respective testing
zones. In the tests, chips 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to 2g/mL of their biomarkers.
 Selectivity

Goal: <= 2nm

significant
nonspecific binding

Prototype: <= 3nm

significant
nonspecific binding
 Sensitivity

Goal: >= 2nm

significant shift at
<= 75 ng/mL

Prototype: >= 2nm

significant shift at
>= 150 ng/mL
 Parts List/Cost
Item Vendor Price Lead Times Cost per chip

HAuCL4/5g Sigma $491 1 day $0.42

CTAB/250g Sigma $249 1 day $0.10

NaBH4/100g Sigma $92 1 day $0.07

Ascorbic acid/100g Sigma $96 1 day $0.19

AgNO3/25g Sigma $123 1 day $0.98

Total Cost PBS(10X)/4L

PB8
EMD Millipore

G-bioscience
$143

$46
4 days

4 days
$0.02

$0.43

~$21.40 / chip silane-PEG-methoxy(1g)

Oxalic acid/250g
Jenkem Technology

Sigma
$130

$72
1 week

1 day
$0.26

$0.01

SDS/100g sigma $65 1 day $0.01

Filter Paper/500 piece Whatman(order from Sigma) $73 1 day $0.15

PATP 5g Sigma $49 1 day <$0.001

GA 50mL Sigma $136 1 day $0.01

TMPS 100mL Sigma $60 1 day <$0.001

APTMS 100mL Sigma $63 1 day <$0.001

NGAL/100ug SinoBiological Inc. $150 1 week $9.38

FABP1/100ug SinoBiological Inc. $150 2 week $9.38

Total Cost: $21.40

 Fabrication & Testing Time
Fabrication Time

Step Time (hrs) Step Time (hrs)

1. Seed Solution 4. Hydrophobic Barriers

Total Fabrication Time

Prep NaBH4 0.03 Draw wax 0.02

Decrystallize CTAB 0.1 Heat and test 0.5

<41 hours Pipette

Stir steps
0.02 5. Activation

0.25 Pipette 0.08

2. Growth Solution 6. Immobilization

AgNO3, AA prep 0.1 Pipette 0.03

Combine agents/mix 0.05 Fridge 2

Total Testing Time

Overnight 12 Rinse/dry 0.03

Centrifuge and supernatant 0.35 7. Polymerization

~2.5 hours 3. Imprinting Prep/soak/ rinse/dry 0.2

Cut paper 0.02 8. PEGylation

Apply sample
Centrifuge 0.2 Immerse and Overnight 12
Soak 2 hours
Soak in NR solution 12 9. Template Release
UV-Vis Imaging Shaker 0.2 Pipette 0.03
Data Analysis Dry 0.01 Shaker 1

Rinse/Dry 0.03

Total Time 40.65

Other metrics
Biochip Output Substrate Material

Storage Temperature Product Dimensions

T-Test
Test Date P-Value
Significance? 1.5 x 1 x 0.01cm
4/12
No ( = 5%) 0.2601
4/19
Data Analysis
Technical Drawing
Designsafe
Intellectual Property and Ethical Considerations

IP belongs to Soft Nanomaterials Group, patented in 2014

We applied to paper substrate and multiplexed
Ethical concerns should not prevent the further development of this
technology
Future Directions

PEG

Antibodies

SEM

Other Biomarkers
Reflection on Design Process

Design works, but needs improvement

Narrower scope

Client communication
 For more information
bme401aki.weebly.com

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