2.21 2.21 Bourdon gages (see Video V2.8 and Fig, 2.12) are commonly used to measure pressure. When such a gage is attached to the closed water tank of Fig. P2.2 the gnge reads 5 psi. What is the absolute air pressure in the tank? Assume standard atmospheric pressure of 14.7 psi pe cht P Tape Bag, = Bi 12, Bourdon page Gi? Gh nH) Cee dler4 By Fay = [9-3 pote m FIGURE P2.a)#28 — — Csed vate 2.28 A U-tube manometer is connected to a closed tank containing air and water as shown in Fig. P2.28. At the closed Av retue = cend of the manometer the air pressure is 16 psia. Determine the UI secoeteletle reading on the pressure gage fora differential reading of 4 ft a on the manometer. Express your answer in psi (page). Assume Standard atmospheric pressure, and neglect the weight ofthe ait columns in the manometer. Gage ia 5 t cy2s0 16m) assure m FIGURE P2.28 5+ bp Oh) + ly OA) = hy, Thus, Fes = (w 4.- ing # fore + (0 8 Nee) + (0244, )(2 #4) = 674% = (on 4.)& = £67 ps naa 194 in.®2.35 a = 2.38 _ ‘The cyclindrical tank with hemispherical ends shown in Fig. P2.35 contains a volatile liquid and its vapor. The lig- vid density is 800 kg/m?, and its vapor density is negligible. ‘The pressure in the vapor is 120 kPa (abs), and the atmospheric pressure is 101 kPa (abs). Determine: (a) the gage pressure read- ing on the pressure gage; and (b) the height, fh, of the mercury ‘manometer. ere (a) Let Ys opub of lguia = (00 2s, (ait): T4508, and Ce Gage) = 120Pa (abs) ~ 10) (ats) = 19 AR Thus, Rage” Raper t% Chom) = taxw As + 350%, )(1om) = 294K les) + ¥ (lm) = Wy (A) #2 1¢x10° Sy + (73505 SY (im) ~ (33x10 8 s(A)=o f= 0.202 mof BF 2.38 An air-filled, hemispherical shell is at- tached to the ocean floor at a depth of 10 m as. shown in Fig. P2.32. A mercury barometer lo- cated inside the shell reads 765 mm Hg, and a mercury U-tube manometer designed to give the outside water pressure indicates a differential reading of 735 mm Hg as illustrated. Based on these data what is the atmospheric pressure at the ocean surface? Mercury Shell FIGURE P2.38 let: ~ absolute aib pressure inside shell = bag (0.766m ) A bie surface atmosphere pressure Sour © specific weight of seaunter Thus, manemeter eguation con be written as be, + XY Com) + ue (0, 300m) — By (0.735) =k So tat Bon? z- ee (10,36 m) + ng (0.735 40) = (133 2 Vfo.766m) ~ fet 44 \ fi. 36m) + (133 & Vors50) 4 G49 ARA homogeneous, 4-i 12 800 Tb is held in pla r as shown in Fig. P2.6F Wate! inst the gate whieh is hinged at point A. Friction in the hinge is negligible. Determine the tension in the cable, Water R= ThA there he (Ef) sre bo? Thus, = 24s (LH Novite tex fe) = 5890 % leede Fe, Set FE tH where rot so Thee, 3 b#) Ge meee + 3th = 46 +4 (3 Fe GA K HA) For eguilibrium, 2My =o and T (attNoinbo) = 0 64) tosbo’) +f (248) G00 Ib) 444) os bo) 4 G 390 Ib) (2 #4) re (5 Ft Gin bo") = /350 1b2.102 2.102 An inverted test tube partially filled with air lots in 2 plastic water-filled soft drink bottle as shown in Videw V2.9 And Fig, P2.J02.The amount of air in the tube has been adjusted So that it Just floats. The bottle cap is securely fastened. A slight Squeezing of the plastic bottle will cause the test tube to sink 40 the bottom of the bottle. Explain this phenomenon Vhen the test tube is Lloatris the wergnt ef Tne tute, TW, és balanced by the bucgent farce, Fy, 4s shown in Me figure . The buoytné force 1s due te The displaced volume of water 45 shown. This disploc6ex volume ts due te the air pressure, ps trapper ti The tube where pe hr%y,h When the bettle is Squceged, The are Pressure Im the bette, B73 increased shightly and thi’ n° dura ineveases “p, the pressure Compressing The aie th the best tube, Thus, the displaced velume 1 decreavd with a, subsequent decrease Ii Fy, Since W ts "tonstant , @ decrease wi Fy WIL Cause The test tube % sink m@ FIGURE P2.102 D-1012.105 2.108 When a bydiometer (see Fig. P205and Viciew V2.8) has ing a stem diameter of 0.30 in, is placed in water, the stem pro tudes 3.15 in, above the water surface. If the water is eplaced Hycromater ‘with a Liquid having a specific gravity of 1.10, how much of the Stern would protrude above the liquid surface? The hydnoineter weighs 0.042 tb, Five M FIGURE P25 When the hydrometey 1s Floating Its weegnt , Wd, 13 balanced by the buoyant force, ig, For Cguilibrium , 2 Ferbiat Thus, hr water fg = W (%,,)¥7 = W a where % 1s the submerged volume. Witn the new NG aed BO" Cache -@) Combining Egs.(1) anal) wrtn 4) eonstan t Onn) H = Gath, \%o he a Pa) SG and Ceont )