Tutorial19APRIL2017Wednesday

Question1

Given findings that the average grit chamber flow is 0.25 m3/s, the width of the chamber is
0.85 m, and the horizontal velocity is 0.15 m/s. The wastewater density is 1 100 kg/m3 and
the viscosity is 0.995 mPa.s.
i) Will a grit particle with a radius of 0.16 mm and a specific gravity of 2.5 be
collected in a horizontal grit chamber that is 16 m in length? (15)
ii) With the aid of calculations, determine the flow regime type associated with
the problem in question. (5)

Solution

i)
Settlingvelocity:
g (s L ) 2
Vs dp
18
(9.81)(2500 1100)(0.32 10 3 ) 2
Vs
18(0.995 10 3 )
Vs 7.85 10 2 m / s

Withaflowrateof0.45m3/sandVh=0.25m/s,then:

Q 0.25
Ac 1.67 m 2
Vh 0.15

Thedepthcalculation:

A wh
A 1.67
h 1.96m
w 0.85
~ 2m

Assumingconstantsettlingvelocity:

h 2m
t 25.47 s
Vs 7.85 10 2 m / s

Sincethechamberis16minlengthandthehorizontalvelocityis0.15m/s.

 h 16
t 106.67 s
Vh 0.15

106.67 s >25.47s,therefore,theparticlewillNOTbecapturedinthegritchamber.

ii)
f Vd (1100)(7.85 10 -2 )(0.32 10 -3 )
Re 27.6
f 0.995 10 3

QUESTION2:

a) A water treatment plant is to process 34 000 m3/day of surface water to drinking. The
rapid mix tank will need to blend 25 mg/L of alum with the in-flow. The paddles are
arranged longitudinally. Results obtained from jar tests found an optimum Gt value of
8.4 x 104. The average G = 45 s-1 and that the length of the flocculator is 4 times the
depth of the flocculator. The depth of the flocculator is 4 m. Given that the viscosity of
the water to be treated is 1.2 cP:
i) What quantity of Alum is required in kg/day? (4)
ii) Compute the dimensions of the flocculator. (7)
iii) Power required to process this volume of water. (4)

i)

Calum 25mg / L 25 106 kg / L

Q 34000m3 / day 34 106 L / day

Quantity of Alum Calum Q 25 106 kg / L 34 106 L / day 850kg / day

ii)

Gtd 8.4 104

t 1866.7s 31.11min 0.022day
G 45

Volumeofthetank:

V td Q (0.022)(34000) 748m3

Lengthofthetank:

l 4 d ( 4 )( 4 ) 16 m

Breadthofthetank:

V ldb
748 (16)(4)b
b 11.687m

iii)
1
G (P /V ) 2

P VG2 (1.2 103 )(748)(45) 2 1817.6.5W 1.82kW