Icbo Sign Code-97

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Copyright International Conference of Building Officials

Provided by IHS under license with ICBO Licensee=Calpine Const Mgmt Co loc 2/5963952002
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 01/26/2010 11:42:43 MST
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First Printing
Publication date: March 1997
ISBN 1-884590-76-4
COPYRIGHT 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997
by
International Conference of Building Officials

5360 WORKMAN MILL ROAD
WHITTIER, CALIFORNIA 90601-2298
(800) 284-4406 S (562) 699-0541
PRINTED IN THE U.S.A.

Preface
The Uniform Sign Code is dedicated to the development of better sign construction and to provide minimum stand-
ards to safeguard life, health, property and public welfare by regulating structural requirements for all signs and sign
structures located outside of buildings.
In the preparation of the Uniform Sign Code, the International Conference of Building Officials has had the assis-
tance of representatives of industry interested in this type of construction, and the Sign Code Committee of building
officials has developed a code that sets forth requirements for effective control.
The Uniform Sign Code is published as a separate document, and is based on the provisions of the Uniform Building
CodeTM, 1997 edition, with certain references made to the Uniform Building Code to eliminate duplication and conflict.
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iii
CODES AND RELATED PUBLICATIONS
The International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO) publishes a family of codes, each correlated with the Uniform Building
Codet to provide jurisdictions with a complete set of building-related regulations for adoption. Some of these codes are published in
affiliation with other organizations such as the International Fire Code Institute (IFCI) and the International Code Council (ICC). Refer-
ence materials and related codes also are available to improve knowledge of code enforcement and administration of building inspec-
tion programs. Publications and products are continually being added, so inquiries should be directed to Conference headquarters for a
listing of available products. Many codes and references are also available on CD-ROM or floppy disk. These are denoted by (*). The
following publications and products are available from ICBO:
CODES Uniform Mechanical Code and related codes. It contains provisions

*Uniform Building Code, Volumes 1, 2 and 3. The most widely which relate to site preparation, construction, alteration, moving, repair
adopted model building code in the United States, the performance- and use and occupancies of buildings or structures and building service
based Uniform Building Code is a proven document, meeting the needs equipment, including plumbing, electrical and mechanical regulations.
of government units charged with the enforcement of building regula- The code is compatible with the administrative provisions of all codes
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tions. Volume 1 contains administrative, fire- and life-safety and field published by the Conference.
inspection provisions; Volume 2 contains structural engineering design Uniform Building Security Codet. This code establishes mini-
provisions; and Volume 3 contains material, testing and installation mum standards to make dwelling units resistant to unlawful entry. It
standards. regulates swinging doors, sliding doors, windows and hardware in con-
*Uniform Mechanical Codet. Provides a complete set of require- nection with dwelling units of apartment houses or one- and two-family
ments for the design, construction, installation and maintenance of dwellings. The code gives consideration to the concerns of police, fire
heating, ventilating, cooling and refrigeration systems; incinerators and and building officials in establishing requirements for resistance to bur-
other heat-producing appliances. glary which are compatible with fire and life safety.
International Plumbing Codet. Provides consistent and techni- Uniform Code for Building Conservationt. A building conserva-
cally advanced requirements that can be used across the country to pro- tion guideline presented in code format which will provide a communi-
vide comprehensive regulations of modern plumbing systems. Setting ty with the means to preserve its existing buildings while achieving
minimum regulations for plumbing facilities in terms of performance appropriate levels of safety. It is formatted in the same manner as the
objectives, the IPC provides for the acceptance of new and innovative Uniform Building Code, is compatible with other Uniform Codes, and
products, materials and systems. may be adopted as a code or used as a guideline.
International Private Sewage Disposal Codet. Provides flexibil- Dwelling Construction under the Uniform Building Codet.
ity in the development of safety and sanitary individual sewage disposal Designed primarily for use in home building and apprentice training,
systems and includes detailed provisions for all aspects of design, this book contains requirements applicable to the construction of one-
installation and inspection of private sewage disposal systems. and two-story dwellings based on the requirements of the Uniform
International Mechanical Codet. Establishes minimum regula- Building Code. Available in English or Spanish.
tions for mechanical systems using prescriptive and performance- Dwelling Construction under the Uniform Mechanical Codet.
related provisions. It is founded on broad-based principles that make This publication is for the convenience of the homeowner or contractor
possible the use of new materials and new mechanical designs. interested in installing mechanical equipment in a one- or two-family
Uniform Zoning Codet. This code is dedicated to intelligent com- dwelling in conformance with the Uniform Mechanical Code.
munity development and to the benefit of the public welfare by provid- Supplements to UBC and related codes. Published in the years be-
ing a means of promoting uniformity in zoning laws and enforcement. tween editions, the Supplements contain all approved changes, plus an
*Uniform Fire Codet, Volumes 1 and 2. The premier model fire analysis of those changes.
code in the United States, the Uniform Fire Code sets forth provisions Uniform Building Code1927 Edition. A special 60th anniversa-
necessary for fire prevention and fire protection. Published by the ry printing of the first published Uniform Building Code.
International Fire Code Institute, the Uniform Fire Code is endorsed by One and Two Family Dwelling Code. Promulgated by ICC, this
the Western Fire Chiefs Association, the International Association of code eliminates conflicts and duplications among the model codes to
Fire Chiefs and ICBO. Volume 1 contains code provisions compatible achieve national uniformity. Covers mechanical and plumbing require-
with the Uniform Building Code, and Volume 2 contains standards ref- ments as well as construction and occupancy.
erenced from the code provisions.
Application and Commentary on the One and Two Family
*Urban-Wildland Interface Codet. Promulgated by IFCI, this Dwelling Code. An interpretative commentary on the One and Two
code regulates both land use and the built environment in designated ur- Family Dwelling Code intended to enhance uniformity of interpretation
ban-wildland interface areas. This newly developed code is the only and application of the code nationwide. Developed by the three model
model code that bases construction requirements on the fire-hazard code organizations, this document includes numerous illustrations of
severity exposed to the structure. Developed under a grant from the code requirements and the rationale for individual provisions.
Federal Emergency Management Agency, this code is the direct result
of hazard mitigation meetings held after devastating wildfires. Model Energy Code. This code includes minimum requirements for
effective use of energy in the design of new buildings and structures and
Uniform Housing Codet. Provides complete requirements affect- additions to existing buildings. It is based on American Society of Heat-
ing conservation and rehabilitation of housing. Its regulations are com- ing, Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineers Standard 90A-1980
patible with the Uniform Building Code. and was originally developed jointly by ICBO, BOCA, SBCCI and the
Uniform Code for the Abatement of Dangerous Buildingst. A National Conference of States on Building Codes and Standards under a
code compatible with the Uniform Building Code and the Uniform contract funded by the United States Department of Energy. The code is
Housing Code which provides equitable remedies consistent with other now maintained by ICC and is adopted by reference in the Uniform
laws for the repair, vacation or demolition of dangerous buildings. Building Code.
Uniform Sign Codet. Dedicated to the development of better sign National Electrical CodeR. The electrical code used throughout the
regulation, its requirements pertain to all signs and sign construction United States. Published by the National Fire Protection Association, it
attached to buildings. is an indispensable aid to every electrician, contractor, architect, build-
Uniform Administrative Codet. This code covers administrative er, inspector and anyone who must specify or certify electrical installa-
areas in connection with adoption of the Uniform Building Code, tions.
v
TECHNICAL REFERENCES AND EDUCATIONAL and financial aspects of a building department. It is also an ideal
MATERIALS resource for those preparing for the management module of the CABO
Analysis of Revisions to the Uniform Codest. An analysis of Building Official Certification Examination.
changes between the previous and new editions of the Uniform Codes is Legal Aspects of Code Administration. A manual developed by the
provided. Changes between code editions are noted either at the begin- three model code organizations to inform the building official on the le-
ning of chapters or in the margins of the code text. gal aspects of the profession. The text is written in a logical sequence
*Handbook to the Uniform Building Code. The handbook is a with explanation of legal terminology. It is designed to serve as a
completely detailed and illustrated commentary on the Uniform Build- refresher for those preparing to take the legal module of the CABO
ing Code, tracing historical background and rationale of the codes Building Official Certification Examination.
through the current edition. Also included are numerous drawings and Illustrated Guide to Conventional Construction Provisions of
figures clarifying the application and intent of the code provisions. Also the UBC. This comprehensive guide and commentary provides
available in electronic format. detailed explanations of the conventional construction provisions in the
*Handbook to the Uniform Mechanical Code. An indispensable UBC, including descriptive discussions and illustrated drawings to
tool for understanding the provisions of the current UMC, the handbook convey the prescriptive provisions related to wood-frame construction.
traces the historical background and rationale behind the UMC provi- Introduction to the Uniform Building Code. A workbook that pro-
sions, includes 160 figures which clarify the intent and application of vides an overview of the basics of the UBC.
the code, and provides a chapter-by-chapter analysis of the UMC.
Uniform Building Code Update Workbook. This manual address-
*Uniform Building Code Application Manual. This manual es many of the changes to the administrative, fire- and life-safety, and
discusses sections of the Uniform Building Code with a question-and- inspection provisions appearing in the UBC.
answer format, providing a comprehensive analysis of the intent of
the code sections. Most sections include illustrative examples. The UMC Workbook. Designed for independent study or use with
manual is in loose-leaf format so that code applications published instructor-led programs based on the Uniform Mechanical Code, this
in Building Standards magazine may be inserted. Also available in comprehensive study guide consists of 16 learning sessions, with the
electronic format. first two sessions reviewing the purpose, scope, definitions and admin-
istrative provisions and the remaining 14 sessions progressively explor-
*Uniform Mechanical Code Application Manual. As a compan- ing the requirements for installing, inspecting and maintaining heating,
ion document to the Uniform Mechanical Code, this manual provides ventilating, cooling and refrigeration systems.
a comprehensive analysis of the intent of a number of code sections in
an easy-to-use question-and-answer format. The manual is available in UBC Field Inspection Workbook. A comprehensive workbook for
a loose-leaf format and includes illustrative examples for many code studying the provisions of the UBC. Divided into 12 sessions, this
sections. workbook focuses on the UBC combustible construction requirements
for the inspection of wood-framed construction.
*Uniform Fire Code Applications Manual. This newly developed
manual provides questions and answers regarding UFC provisions. Concrete Manual. A publication for individuals seeking an under-
A comprehensive analysis of the intent of numerous code sections, the standing of the fundamentals of concrete field technology and inspec-
manual is in a loose-leaf format for easy insertion of code applications tion practices. Of particular interest to concrete construction inspectors,
published in IFCIs Fire Code Journal. it will also benefit employees of concrete producers, contractors, test-
Quick-Reference Guide to the Occupancy Requirements of the ing and inspection laboratories and material suppliers.
1997 UBC. Code requirements are compiled in this publication by Reinforced Concrete Masonry Construction Inspectors Hand-
occupancy groups for quick access. These tabulations assemble book. A comprehensive information source written especially for ma-
requirements for each occupancy classification in the code. Provisions, sonry inspection covering terminology, technology, materials, quality
such as fire-resistive ratings for occupancy separations in Table 3-B, control, inspection and standards. Published jointly by ICBO and the
exterior wall and opening protection requirements in Table 5-A-1, and Masonry Institute of America.
fire-resistive ratings for types of construction in Table 6-A, are tabu- You Can Build It! Sponsored by ICBO in cooperation with CABO,
lated for quick reference and comparison. this booklet contains information and advice to aid do-it-yourselfers
Plan Review Manual. A practical text that will assist and guide both with building projects. Provides guidance in necessary procedures such
the field inspector and plan reviewer in applying the code requirements. as permit requirements, codes, plans, cost estimation, etc.
This manual covers the nonstructural and basic structural aspects of Guidelines for Manufactured Housing Installations. A guideline
plan review. in code form implementing the Uniform Building Code and its compan-
Field Inspection Manual. An important fundamental text for ion code documents to regulate the permanent installation of a man-
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courses of study at the community college and trade or technical school ufactured home on a privately owned, nonrental site. A commentary is
level. It is an effective text for those studying building construction or included to explain specific provisions, and codes applying to each
architecture and includes sample forms and checklists for use in the component part are defined.
field. Accessibility Reference Guide. This guide is a valuable resource for
Building Department Administration. An excellent guide for im- architects, interior designers, plan reviewers and others who design and
provement of skills in departmental management and in the enforce- enforce accessibility provisions. Features include accessibility require-
ment and application of the Building Code and other regulations ments, along with detailed commentary and graphics to clarify the pro-
administered by a building inspection department. This textbook will visions; cross-references to other applicable sections of the UBC and
also be a valuable aid to instructors, students and those in related profes- the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines; a check-
sional fields. list of UBC provisions on access and usability requirements; and many
Building Department Guide to Disaster Mitigation. This new, other useful references.
expanded guide is designed to assist building departments in develop- Educational and Technical Reference Materials. The Conference
ing or updating disaster mitigation plans. Subjects covered include has been a leader in the development of texts and course material to
guidelines for damage mitigation, disaster-response management, assist in the educational process. These materials include vital informa-
immediate response, mutual aid and inspections, working with the tion necessary for the building official and subordinates in carrying out
media, repair and recovery policies, and public information bulletins. their responsibilities and have proven to be excellent references in con-
This publication is a must for those involved in preparing for and nection with community college curricula and higher-level courses in
responding to disaster. the field of building construction technology and inspection and in the
Building Official Management Manual. This manual addresses administration of building departments. Included are plan review
the unique nature of code administration and the managerial duties of checklists for structural, nonstructural, mechanical and fire-safety pro-
the building official. A supplementary insert addresses the budgetary visions and a full line of videotapes and automated products.
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Title, Scope and Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter 6 Pole Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Section 101 Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Section 601 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 102 Purpose and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Section 602 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 103 Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Section 603 Projection and Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Chapter 2 Definitions and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Chapter 7 Ground Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 201 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 701 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 202 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 702 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 203 B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 703 Projection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 204 C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 205 D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Chapter 8 Roof Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Section 206 E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Section 801 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Section 207 F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 802 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Section 208 G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 803 Projection and Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Section 209 L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 210 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Chapter 9 Wall Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 211 N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Section 901 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 212 P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Section 902 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 213 R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Section 903 Projection and Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 214 S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Section 215 T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Chapter 10 Projecting Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Section 216 U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Section 1001 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Section 217 W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Section 1002 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Chapter 3 Permits, Fees and Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Section 1003 Projection and Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Section 301 Permits Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Chapter 11 Combination Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Section 302 Application for Permit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 1101 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Section 303 Exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 1102 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Section 304 Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 305 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 306 Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Chapter 12 Marquees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Chapter 4 Design and Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Section 1201 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Section 401 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Chapter 13 Electric Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Section 402 Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 1301 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Section 1302 Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Chapter 5 Fin Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 501 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Chapter 14 Temporary Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Section 502 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Section 1401 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Section 503 Projection and Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Section 1402 Cloth Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
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vii
1997 UNIFORM SIGN CODE 101
103.4
Chapter 1
TITLE, SCOPE AND ENFORCEMENT
SECTION 101 TITLE 103.2 Right of Entry. When necessary to make an inspection to
enforce the provisions of this code, or whenever the building offi-
These regulations shall be known as the Uniform Sign Code, may cial or an authorized representative has reasonable cause to be-
be cited as such, and will be referred to herein as this code. lieve that there exists in a building or upon a premises a condition
or code violation that makes the building or premises unsafe, dan-
SECTION 102 PURPOSE AND SCOPE gerous or hazardous, the building official or an authorized repre-
sentative may enter the building or premises at reasonable times to
The purpose of this code is to provide minimum standards to safe- inspect the same or to perform the duties imposed upon the build-
guard life, health, property and public welfare by regulating and ing official by this code. If the building or premises is occupied,
controlling the design, quality of materials, construction, location, the building official shall first present proper credentials and re-
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electrification and maintenance of sign and sign structures not lo- quest entry. If the building or premises is unoccupied, the building
cated within a building. official shall first make a reasonable effort to locate the owner or
A sign shall not be erected in a manner that would confuse or other person having charge or control of the building or premises
obstruct the view of or interfere with official traffic signs, signals and request entry. If entry is refused, the building official or the
or devices. authorized representative shall have recourse to the remedies pro-
vided by law to secure entry.
The regulations of this code are not intended to permit a viola-
tion of the provisions of other ordinances. 103.3 Board of Appeals. In order to provide for reasonable in-
terpretation of the provisions of this code, there is hereby estab-
lished a board of appeals as provided in the Building Code.
SECTION 103 ENFORCEMENT
103.4 Violations. It shall be unlawful for a person, firm or cor-
103.1 Authority. The building official is hereby authorized and poration to erect, construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move, improve,
directed to enforce the provisions of this code. For these purposes remove, convert or demolish, equip, use, or maintain a sign or sign
the building official shall have the powers of a law enforcement structure in this jurisdiction, or cause or permit the same to be
officer. done, contrary to or in violation of the provisions of this code.
1
212
Chapter 2
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
SECTION 201 DEFINITIONS ground other than a combination sign, fin sign or pole sign, as de-
fined by this code.
For the purpose of this code, certain terms, phrases, words and
their derivatives shall be construed as specified in this chapter or
as specified in the Building Code. Where terms are not defined, SECTION 209 L
they shall have their ordinarily accepted meanings within the con- LEGAL SETBACK LINE is a line established by ordinance
text in which they are used. Websters Third New International beyond which a building may not be built. A legal setback line
Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged, copyright may be a property line.
1986, shall be considered as providing the ordinarily accepted
meanings. Words in the singular include the plural and the plural
the singular. Words used in the masculine gender include the femi- SECTION 210 M
nine and the feminine the masculine. MARQUEE is a permanent roofed structure attached to and
supported by the building and projecting over public property.
SECTION 202 A
SECTION 211 N
APPROVED PLASTIC MATERIALS (See plastic mate-
rials, approved.) NONCOMBUSTIBLE as applied to building construction
material means a material which, in the form in which it is used, is
ASTM is the American Society for Testing and Materials, 160
either one of the following:
Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428.
1. Material of which no part will ignite and burn when subjected
to fire. Any material conforming to UBC Standard 2-1 shall be
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SECTION 203 B considered noncombustible within the meaning of this section.

BUILDING CODE is the Uniform Building Code promul- 2. Material having a structural base of noncombustible material
gated by the International Conference of Building Officials, as as defined in Item l above, with a surfacing material not over
1/ inch (3.2 mm) thick that has a flame-spread rating of 50 or less.
adopted by this jurisdiction. 8
BUILDING OFFICIAL is the officer or other designated Noncombustible does not apply to surface finish materials.
authority charged with the administration and enforcement of this Materials required to be noncombustible for reduced clearances to
code, or the building officials duly authorized representative. flues, heating appliances, or other sources of high temperature
shall refer to material conforming to Item 1. No material shall be
classed as noncombustible that is subject to increase in combus-
SECTION 204 C tibility or flame-spread rating beyond the limits herein estab-
lished, through the effects of age, moisture or other atmospheric
COMBINATION SIGN is a sign incorporating any combina- condition.
tion of the features of pole, projecting and roof signs.
Flame-spread rating as used herein refers to rating obtained ac-
CURB LINE is the line at the face of the curb nearest to the cording to tests conducted as specified in UBC Standard 8-1.
street or roadway. In the absence of a curb, the curb line shall be
established by the city engineer. (See legal setback line.) NONSTRUCTURAL TRIM is the molding, battens, caps,
nailing strips, latticing, cutouts or letters, and walkways that are
attached to the sign structure.
SECTION 205 D
DISPLAY SURFACE is the area made available by the sign SECTION 212 P
structure for the purpose of displaying the advertising message. PLASTIC MATERIALS, APPROVED, other than foam
plastics, are those having a self-ignition temperature of 650F
(343.3C) or greater as determined in accordance with UBC
SECTION 206 E Standard 26-6 and a smoke-density rating not greater than 450
ELECTRIC SIGN is any sign containing electrical wiring, but when tested in accordance with UBC Standard 8-1, in the way
not including signs illuminated by an exterior light source. intended for use, or a smoke-density rating not greater than 75
when tested in accordance with UBC Standard 26-5 in the thick-
ness intended for use. Approved plastics shall be classified as
SECTION 207 F either CC1 or CC2 in accordance with UBC Standard 26-7. See
also Section 207 of the Building Code, definition of foam plastic
FIN SIGN is a sign that is supported wholly by a one-story insulation.
building of an open-air business or by poles placed in the ground
or partly by such a pole or poles and partly by a building or POLE SIGN is a sign wholly supported by a sign structure in
structure. the ground.
PORTABLE DISPLAY SURFACE is a display surface tem-
porarily fixed to a standardized advertising structure that is regu-
SECTION 208 G larly moved from structure to structure at periodic intervals.
GROUND SIGN is a billboard or similar type of sign that is PROJECTING SIGN is a sign other than a wall sign, that proj-
supported by one or more uprights, poles or braces in or upon the ects from and is supported by a wall of a building or structure.
3
212 1997 UNIFORM SIGN CODE
217
PROJECTION is the distance by which a sign extends over STRUCTURE is that which is built or constructed, an edifice
public property or beyond the building line. or building of any kind, or any piece of work artificially built up or
composed of parts joined together in some definite manner.
SECTION 213 R SECTION 215 T

TEMPORARY SIGN is any sign, banner, pendant, valance or
ROOF SIGN is a sign erected upon or above a roof or parapet of advertising display constructed of cloth, canvas, light fabric, card-
a building or structure. board, wallboard or other light materials, with or without frames,
intended to be displayed for a limited period of time only.
SECTION 214 S SECTION 216 U
SIGN is any medium, including its structure and component UBC STANDARDS are those standards published in Volume 3
parts, that is used or intended to be used to attract attention to the of the Uniform Building Code, promulgated by the International
Conference of Building Officials, as adopted by this jurisdiction.
subject matter for advertising purposes other than paint on the sur-
face of a building.
SECTION 217 W
SIGN STRUCTURE is any structure that supports or is capa-
ble of supporting a sign as defined in this code. A sign structure WALL SIGN is any sign attached to or erected against the wall
may be a single pole and may or may not be an integral part of the of a building or structure, with the exposed face of the sign in a
building. plane parallel to the plane of said wall.
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4
306
Chapter 3
PERMITS, FEES AND INSPECTIONS
SECTION 301 PERMITS REQUIRED 2. Painting, repainting or cleaning of an advertising structure

or changing the advertising copy or message thereon shall not be
A sign shall not hereafter be erected, re-erected, constructed, al- considered an erection or alteration that requires a sign permit un-
tered or maintained except as provided by this code and after a per- less a structural change is made.
mit has been issued by the building official. A separate permit
shall be required for a sign or signs for each business entity, and a 3. Signs less than 6 feet (1829 mm) above grade.
separate permit shall be required for each group of signs on a
single supporting structure. Additionally, electrical permits shall SECTION 304 FEES
be obtained for electric signs.
A sign permit fee and a plans examination fee shall be paid in ac-
cordance with the schedule established by the governing body.
SECTION 302 APPLICATION FOR PERMIT
Application for a sign permit shall be made in writing on forms SECTION 305 MAINTENANCE
furnished by the building official. The application shall contain Signs and sign support structures, together with their supports,
the location by street and number of the proposed sign structure, as braces, guys and anchors, shall be kept in repair and in proper state
well as the name and address of the owner and the sign contractor of preservation. The display surfaces of signs shall be kept neatly
or erector. The building official may require the filing of plans or painted or posted at all times.
other pertinent information when such information is necessary to
ensure compliance with this code. Standard plans may be filed
with the building official. SECTION 306 INSPECTIONS
Signs for which a permit is required shall be subject to inspection
SECTION 303 EXEMPTIONS by the building official.
Footing inspections may be required by the building official for
A permit is not required for the following signs. These exemptions signs having footings.
shall not be construed as relieving the owner of the sign from the
responsibility for its erection, maintenance and compliance with Signs containing electrical wiring shall be subject to the provi-
the provisions of this code or other laws or ordinances regulating sions of the Electrical Code, and the electrical components used
signs. shall bear the label of an approved agency.
1. Changing of the advertising copy or message on a painted or The building official may order the removal of a sign that is not
printed sign only. Except for theater marquees and similar signs maintained in accordance with the provisions of Section 305.
specifically designed for the use of replaceable copy, electric signs Signs may be reinspected at the discretion of the building of-
shall not be included in this exception. ficial.
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402.4
Chapter 4
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
SECTION 401 DESIGN 2. Steel.

UBC Chapter 22, Division VI, Load and Resistance Factor
401.1 General. Signs and sign structures shall be designed and Design Specification for Cold-Formed Steel Structural
constructed to resist wind and seismic forces as specified in this Members
section. Bracing systems shall be designed and constructed to
transfer lateral forces to the foundations. For signs supported on UBC Chapter 22, Division VII, Specification for Design of
buildings, the dead and lateral loads shall be transmitted to the Cold-formed Steel Structural Members
ground in a manner so as to avoid overstressing the elements of the UBC Standard 22-1, Material Specification for Structural
structural frame. Steel
The overturning moment produced by lateral forces shall not 3. Smoke density.
exceed two thirds of the dead-load-resisting moment. Uplift due to 3.1 UBC Standard 8-1, Test Method for Surface-burning
overturning shall be resisted by proper anchorage to the ground or Characteristics of Building Materials
to the structural frame of the building. The weight of earth super- 3.2 UBC Standard 26-5, Chamber Method of Test for
imposed over footings may be used in determining the dead-load- Measuring the Density of Smoke from Burning or De-
resisting moment. Such earth shall be carefully placed and composition of Plastic Materials
thoroughly compacted.
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4. Ignition properties and classification of plastics.
401.2 Wind Loads. Signs and sign structures shall be designed ASTM D 1929-68 (1975), Ignition Properties of Plastics
and constructed to resist wind forces as specified in Chapter 16 of ASTM D 635-74, Method for Determining Classification
the Building Code. of Approved Light-transmitting Plastics
401.3 Seismic Loads. Signs and sign structures shall be de- 402.3 Materials. Materials utilized for signs and sign structures
signed and constructed to resist seismic forces as specified in shall be of the quality and grade as specified for buildings in the
Chapter 16 of the Building Code. Building Code.
401.4 Combined Loads. Wind and seismic loads need not be In signs and sign structures the materials and details of con-
combined in the design of signs or sign structures; only the loading struction shall, in the absence of specified requirements, conform
producing the larger stress need be used. with the following:
Vertical design loads, except roof live loads, shall be assumed to 1. Structural steel shall conform with UBC Standard 22-1. Sec-
be acting simultaneously with wind or seismic loads. ondary members in contact with or directly supporting the display
surface may be formed of light gage steel, provided such members
401.5 Allowable Stresses. The design of wood, concrete, steel are designed in accordance with the specifications of the design of
or aluminum members shall conform to the requirements of Chap- cold-formed steel as specified in UBC Chapter 22, Division VI or
ters 19, 20, 22 and 23 of the Building Code. Loads, both vertical Division VII, and in addition shall be galvanized. Secondary
and horizontal, exerted on the soil shall not produce stresses ex- members, when formed integrally with the display surface, shall
ceeding those specified in Chapter 18 of the Building Code. not be less than 0.024 inch (0.610 mm) thick. When not formed
integrally with the display surface, the minimum thickness of the
The working stresses of wire rope and its fastenings shall not ex- secondary members shall be 0.10 inch (2.5 mm). The minimum
ceed 25 percent of the ultimate strength of the rope or fasteners. thickness of hot-rolled steel members furnishing structural sup-
Working stresses for wind or seismic loads combined with dead port for signs shall be 1/4 inch (6.4 mm), except that, if galvanized,
loads may be increased as specified in Chapter 16 of the Building such members shall not be less than 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) thick. Steel
Code. pipes shall conform to UBC Standard 22-1. Steel members may be
connected with one galvanized bolt, provided the connection is
adequate to transfer the load to supporting members.
SECTION 402 CONSTRUCTION 2. Anchors and supports of wood embedded in the soil, or with-
in 6 inches (152 mm) of the soil, shall be all heartwood of a durable
402.1 General. Supports for signs or sign structures shall be species or shall be pressure treated with an approved preservative.
placed in or upon private property and shall be securely built, con- Such members shall be marked or branded by an approved agency.
structed and erected in conformance with the requirements of this
code. 402.4 Restrictions on Combustible Materials. Ground signs
may be constructed of any material meeting the requirements of
402.2 Standards of Quality. The following UBC standards and this code.
chapter divisions are part of this code. The other standards listed
are not adopted as part of this code and are recognized standards, Combination signs, roof signs, wall signs, projecting signs and
compliance with which is prima facia evidence of compliance signs on marquees shall be constructed of noncombustible materi-
with the standard of duty to design and construct signs that are rea- als, except as provided in this section. Combustible materials
sonably safe for persons and property. other than approved plastics shall not be used in the construction
of electric signs.
1. Determination of noncombustibility.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Roof signs may be constructed of unprotected
UBC Standard 2-1, Noncombustible Material Test combustible materials on roofs of combustible construction.
7
402.4 1997 UNIFORM SIGN CODE
403.6
2. Roof signs with a maximum surface area of 50 square feet (4.65 Sections of approved plastics on wall signs shall be separated
m2) and a maximum height of 5 feet (1524 mm) may be constructed of 3 feet (914 mm) laterally and 6 feet (1829 mm) vertically by the
combustible materials on roofs of any type of construction. required exterior wall construction.
3. Nonelectric wall signs may be constructed of unprotected com-
bustible materials on walls permitted to be of unprotected combustible EXCEPTION: Sections of approved plastics on signs other than
construction. wall signs may not be required to be separated if approved by the build-
ing official.
402.5 Nonstructural Trim. Nonstructural trim and portable
display surfaces may be of wood, metal, approved plastics or a 402.8 Approved Plastics. Substantiating data shall be sub-
combination thereof. mitted to the building official to justify the proposed use of plastic
materials. If it is determined that the evidence submitted is satis-
402.6 Anchorage. Members supporting unbraced signs shall be factory for the use intended, the use may be approved.
so proportioned that the bearing loads imposed on the soil in either
the horizontal or vertical direction shall not exceed the safe values.
Braced ground signs shall be anchored to resist specified wind or SECTION 403 PROJECTION AND CLEARANCE
seismic load acting in any direction. Anchors and supports shall be 403.1 General. Signs shall conform to the clearance and projec-
designed for safe bearing loads on the soil and for an effective tion requirements of this section and Tables 4-B and 4-C.
resistance to pullout amounting to a force 25 percent greater than
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the required resistance to overturning. Anchors and supports shall 403.2 Clearance from High-voltage Power Lines. Signs shall
penetrate to a depth below ground greater than that of the frost be located not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) horizontally or 12 feet
line. (3658 mm) vertically from overhead electrical conductors that are
Portable ground signs supported by frames or posts rigidly energized in excess of 750 volts. The term overhead conductors
attached to the base shall be proportioned so that the weight and as used in this section means an electrical conductor, either bare or
size of the base will be adequate to resist the wind loads specified insulated, installed above the ground, except when conductors are
in this chapter. enclosed in iron pipe or other approved material covering of equal
strength.
Signs attached to masonry, concrete or steel shall be safely and
securely fastened by means of metal anchors, bolts or approved 403.3 Clearance from Fire Escapes, Exits or Stand-
expansion screws of sufficient size and anchorage to safely sup- pipes. Signs or sign structures shall not be erected in such a man-
port the loads applied. ner that a portion of their surface or supports will interfere with the
free use of any fire escape, exit or standpipe.
Wooden blocks or plugs or anchors with wood used in connec-
tion with screws or nails shall not be considered to provide anchor- 403.4 Obstruction of Openings. Signs shall not obstruct open-
age, except for blocks, plugs or anchors on signs attached to wood ings to the extent that light or ventilation is reduced to a point be-
framing. low that required by this code.
The anchorage or support of a sign shall not be connected to, or Signs erected within 5 feet (1524 mm) of an exterior wall in
supported by, an unbraced parapet wall, unless the wall is de- which there are openings within the area of the sign shall be con-
signed in accordance with the requirements for parapet walls spe- structed of noncombustible material or approved plastics.
cified for seismic zones in the Building Code.
403.5 Projection over Alleys. Signs or sign structures shall not
402.7 Display Surfaces. Display surfaces of signs may be made project into a public alley below a height of 14 feet (4267 mm)
of metal, glass or approved plastics. above grade, nor project more than 12 inches (305 mm) when the
Glass thickness and area limitations shall be as set forth in Table sign structure is located 14 feet to 16 feet (4267 mm to 4877 mm)
4-A. above grade. The sign or sign structure may project not more than
36 inches (914 mm) into a public alley when the sign or sign struc-
Sections of approved plastics on wall signs shall not exceed 225
ture is located more than 16 feet (4877 mm) above grade.
square feet (20.9 m2) in area.
EXCEPTION: Sections of approved plastics on signs other than 403.6 Clearance from Streets. Signs shall not project within
wall signs may be of unlimited area if approved by the building official. 2 feet (610 mm) of the curb line.
8
1997 UNIFORM SIGN CODE TABLE 4-A
TABLE 4-C
TABLE 4-ASIZE, THICKNESS AND TYPE OF GLASS PANELS IN SIGNS

MAXIMUM SIZE OF EXPOSED GLASS PANEL
MINIMUM THICKNESS OF
Any Dimension Area GLASS
(inches) (square inches) (inches)
25.4 for mm 645.2 for mm2 25.4 for mm TYPE OF GLASS
30 500 1/ Plain, plate or wired

8
45 700 3/ Plain, plate or wired
16
144 3,600 1/ Plain, plate or wired
4
Over 144 Over 3,600 1/ Wired glass
4
TABLE 4-BPROJECTION OF SIGNS
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CLEARANCE (feet) MAXIMUM PROJECTION (feet)
304.8 for mm
Less than 8 Not permitted

8 1
8 to 16 1 plus 0.5 for each foot of clearance in excess of 8
Over 16 5
TABLE 4-CTHICKNESS OF PROJECTING SIGN

PROJECTION (feet) MAXIMUM THICKNESS (feet)
304.8 for mm
5 2
4 2.5
3 3
2 3.5
1 4
9
503.3
Chapter 5
FIN SIGNS
SECTION 501 GENERAL SECTION 503 PROJECTION AND CLEARANCE

503.1 General. Fin signs may project beyond the property or le-
Fin signs shall be constructed of noncombustible material, except gal setback line in accordance with projections specified in Sec-
as provided in Chapter 4. tion 403.
503.2 Thickness Limitation. The thickness of that portion of a
fin sign that projects over public property shall not exceed the
maximum set forth in Table 4-C.
SECTION 502 DESIGN
503.3 Clearance. Signs or sign structures shall not be erected so
that a portion of their surface or supports will interfere with the
Supports for fin signs shall be placed upon private property and free use of a fire escape, exit or standpipe. Signs shall not obstruct
shall be securely built, constructed and erected to comply with re- a window so that any light or ventilation is reduced to a point be-
quirements specified in Chapter 4. low that required by laws or ordinances.
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11
603
Chapter 6
POLE SIGNS

Pole signs shall be constructed of noncombustible material, ex- Projection of pole signs shall conform to the requirements of Sec-
cept as provided in Chapter 4. tion 403.
SECTION 602 DESIGN
Supports for pole signs shall be placed upon private property and
shall be securely built, constructed and erected to conform with re-
quirements specified in Chapter 4.
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13
703
Chapter 7
GROUND SIGNS
SECTION 701 GENERAL SECTION 703 PROJECTION

Ground signs may be constructed of materials meeting the re- Ground signs shall not project over public property or beyond a
quirements of this code, except as provided in Chapter 4. legal setback.
SECTION 702 DESIGN
Ground signs shall be designed in accordance with the require-
ments of Chapter 4.
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15
803.2
Chapter 8
ROOF SIGNS
SECTION 801 GENERAL 803.2 Clearance and Access. Passage clear of all obstructions
Roof signs shall be constructed of noncombustible materials, ex- shall be left under or around, and immediately adjacent to, signs
cept as provided in Chapter 4. exceeding a height of 4 feet (1219 mm) above the roof thereunder.
Such passages shall be not less than 3 feet (914 mm) wide and
4 feet (1219 mm) high and shall be at parapet or roof level.
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SECTION 802 DESIGN
Roof signs shall be thoroughly secured and anchored to the frame There shall be one passage or access opening as follows:
of the building over which they are constructed and erected and
shall be designed in accordance with the requirements specified in 1. For each roof sign upon a building.
Chapter 4.
2. An access opening for every 50 lineal feet (15 204 mm) of
SECTION 803 PROJECTION AND CLEARANCE horizontal roof sign extension.
803.1 Projection. Roof signs may project over public property
or beyond a legal setback line complying with the requirements 3. Within 20 feet (6096 mm) of walls and parapets when roof
specified in Section 403. signs are at right angles to a face of the building.
17
903.2
Chapter 9
WALL SIGNS

Wall signs shall be constructed of noncombustible material, ex- 903.1 Projection. Wall signs shall not project over public prop-
cept as provided in Chapter 4. erty or beyond a legal setback line greater than the distances speci-
fied in Section 403 nor shall they extend above an adjacent parapet
or roof of the supporting building.
SECTION 902 DESIGN
903.2 Thickness. The thickness of that portion of a wall sign
Wall signs shall be designed in conformance with the require- that projects over public property or a legal setback line shall not
ments specified in Chapter 4. exceed the maximum as set forth in Table 4-C.
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19
1003.2
Chapter 10
PROJECTING SIGNS

Projecting signs shall be constructed of noncombustible materi- 1003.1 Projection. Signs may project over public property or a
als, except as specified in Chapter 4. legal setback line a distance determined by the clearance of the
bottoms thereof above the level of the sidewalk or grade immedi-
SECTION 1002 DESIGN ately below, as set forth in Section 403 and Table 4-B.
Projecting signs shall be designed in accordance with the require- 1003.2 Thickness. The thickness of a projecting sign exclusive
ments specified in Chapter 4. of letters and trim shall not exceed that set forth in Table 4-C.
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21
1103.2
Chapter 11
COMBINATION SIGNS

Combination signs shall be constructed of noncombustible mate- 1103.1 Projection. Combination signs may project over public
rials, except as specified in Chapter 4. property or beyond a legal setback line as specified in Section 403.
The individual requirements of roof, projecting and pole signs
shall each be applied to combination signs incorporating any or all 1103.2 Thickness. The thickness of that portion of a combina-
of the requirements specified in this chapter. tion sign that projects over public property shall not exceed the
maximum set forth in Table 4-C.
SECTION 1102 DESIGN
Supports for combination signs shall be placed in or upon private
property and shall be securely built, constructed and erected to
conform with the requirements specified in Chapter 4.
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1201
Chapter 12
MARQUEES
SECTION 1201 GENERAL clearance, height and material, be considered a part of and shall
Signs may be placed on, attached to or constructed in a marquee. meet the requirements for a marquee as specified in Chapter 32 of
Marquee signs shall for the purpose of determining projection, the Building Code.
25
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1302.2
Chapter 13
ELECTRIC SIGNS
SECTION 1301 GENERAL 1302.2 Erectors Name. Electric signs projecting over a street
Electric signs shall be constructed of noncombustible material, or alley or public place shall have painted on the surface of the sign
except as provided in Chapter 4. the name of the sign erector and date of erection. The name and
date shall be of sufficient size and contrast to be readable from a
The enclosed shell of electric signs shall be watertight, except
reasonable distance. Failure to provide the name of the erector and
that service holes fitted with covers shall provide access into each
date shall be grounds for rejection of the sign by the building
compartment of the sign.
official.
SECTION 1302 REGULATIONS
1302.1 Installation. Electrical equipment used in connection
with display signs shall be installed in accordance with local ordi-
nances regulating electrical installations.
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27
1402.3
Chapter 14
TEMPORARY SIGNS
SECTION 1401 GENERAL rated over at least 10 percent of their area to reduce wind
resistance.
Temporary signs shall not exceed 100 square feet (9.29 in m2)
area. Temporary signs of rigid material shall not exceed 24 square EXCEPTION: Temporary cloth signs over private property not ex-
ceeding 60 square feet (5.57 m2) shall be supported and attached with
feet (2.23 m2) in area, or 6 feet (1829 mm) in height, nor shall any wire rope that meets the requirements of Chapter 4 of this code.
such sign be fastened to the ground.
1402.2 Projection. Cloth signs may extend over public proper-
Temporary signs may remain in place for a period not exceeding ty. Cloth signs that extend over a public street shall maintain a
60 days. minimum clearance of 20 feet (6096 mm).
1402.3 Clearance. Cloth signs may extend across a public street
SECTION 1402 CLOTH SIGNS only by permission of the governing body and shall be subject to
1402.1 Support. Temporary cloth signs shall be supported and related laws and ordinances.
attached with wire rope of 3/8-inch-minimum (9.5 mm) diameter. Temporary signs, other than cloth, when 8 feet (2438 mm) or
Strings, fiber ropes or wood slats shall not be employed for sup- more above the ground, may project not more than 6 inches (152
port or anchorage purposes. Cloth signs and panels shall be perfo- mm) over public property or beyond the legal setback line.
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29

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Copyright International Conference of Building Officials

Publication date: March 1997

COPYRIGHT 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997

International Conference of Building Officials

PRINTED IN THE U.S.A.

Copyright International Conference of Building Officials

Copyright International Conference of Building Officials

CODES Uniform Mechanical Code and related codes. It contains provisions

Chapter 1 Title, Scope and Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter 6 Pole Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

SECTION 203 B considered noncombustible within the meaning of this section.

SECTION 213 R SECTION 215 T

SECTION 214 S SECTION 216 U

SECTION 301 PERMITS REQUIRED 2. Painting, repainting or cleaning of an advertising structure

SECTION 401 DESIGN 2. Steel.

TABLE 4-ASIZE, THICKNESS AND TYPE OF GLASS PANELS IN SIGNS

30 500 1/ Plain, plate or wired

TABLE 4-BPROJECTION OF SIGNS

Less than 8 Not permitted

TABLE 4-CTHICKNESS OF PROJECTING SIGN

SECTION 501 GENERAL SECTION 503 PROJECTION AND CLEARANCE

SECTION 601 GENERAL SECTION 603 PROJECTION AND CLEARANCE

SECTION 701 GENERAL SECTION 703 PROJECTION

SECTION 901 GENERAL SECTION 903 PROJECTION AND CLEARANCE

SECTION 1001 GENERAL SECTION 1003 PROJECTION AND CLEARANCE

SECTION 1101 GENERAL SECTION 1103 PROJECTION AND CLEARANCE

Copyright International Conference of Building Officials

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