Almanach II - Geochron

ALMANACH
II
GEOCHRON
Precambrian, the first supereon in Earth's history, began on

4 600 000 000 years ago and ended 541 000 000 years ago, so the length
of the Precambrian is 4 059 000 000 years.
Hadean, the first eon of Precambrian, began on 4 600 000 000 years
ago and ended 4 000 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Hadean is
600 000 000 years.
Cryptic, the first era of Hadean, began on 4 600 000 000 years ago and
ended 4 500 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Cryptic is
100 000 000 years.
Basin Groups, the second era of Hadean, began on 4 500 000 000
years ago and ended 4 300 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Basin
Groups is 200 000 000 years.
Nectarian, the third era of Hadean, began on 4 300 000 000 years ago
and ended 4 100 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Nectarian is
200 000 000 years ago.
Early Imbrian, the fourth era of Hadean, began on 4 100 000 000 years
ago and ended 4 000 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Early
Imbrian is 100 000 000 years.
Archean, the second eon of Precambrian, began on 4 000 000 000

years ago and ended 2 500 000 000 years ago, so the length of the
Archean is 1 500 000 000 years.
Eoarchean, the first era of Archean, began on 4 000 000 000 years ago
and ended 3 600 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Eoarchean is
1
400 000 000 years.
Paleoarchean, the second era of Archean, began on 3 600 000 000

Paleoarchean is 400 000 000 years.
Mesoarchean, the third era of Archean, began on 3 200 000 000 years
ago and ended 2 800 000 000 years ago, so the length of the
Mesoarchean is 400 000 000 years.
Neoarchean, the fourth era of Archean, began on 2 800 000 000 years
ago and ended 2 500 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Neoarchean
is 300 000 000 years.
Proterozoic, the third eon of Precambrian, began on 2 500 000 000

years ago and ended 541 000 000 years ago, so the length of the
Proterozoic is 1 959 000 000 years.
Paleoproterozoic, the first era of Proterozoic, began on 2 500 000 000

Paleoproterozoic is 900 000 000 years.
Siderian, the first period of Paleoproterozoic, began on 2 500 000 000

Siderian is 200 000 000 years.
Rhyacian, the second period of Paleoproterozoic, began on

2 300 000 000 years ago and ended 2 050 000 000 years ago, so the
length of the Rhyacian is 250 000 000 years.
Orosirian, the third period of Paleoproterozoic, began on 2 050 000

000 years ago and ended 1 800 000 000 years ago, so the length of the
Orosirian is 250 000 000 years.
Statherian, the fourth period of Paleoproterozoic, began on

length of the Statherian is 200 000 000 years.
Mesoproterozoic, the second era of Proterozoic, began on

length of the Mesoproterozoic is 600 000 000 years.
Calymmian, the first period of Mesoproterozoic, began on

length of the Calymmian is 200 000 000 years.
Ectasian, the second period of Mesoproterozoic, began on

2
length of the Ectasian is 200 000 000 years.
Stenian, the third period of Mesoproterozoic, began on 1 200 000 000

Stenian is 200 000 000 years.
Neoproterozoic, the third era of Proterozoic, began on 1 000 000 000

Neoproterozoic is 459 000 000 years.
Tonian, the first period of Neoproterozoic, began on 1 000 000 000

years ago and ended 720 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Tonian
is 280 000 000 years.
Cryogenian, the second period of Neoproterozoic, began on

720 000 000 years ago and ended 635 000 000 years ago, so the length
of the Cryogenian is 85 000 000 years.
Ediacaran, the third period of Neoproterozoic, began on 635 000 000

Ediacaran is 94 000 000 years.
Postprecambrian, the second supereon in Earth's history, began on

541 000 000 years ago and is still going on.
Phanerozoic, the first eon of Postprecambrian, began on 541 000 000

years ago and is still going on.
Paleozoic, the first era of Phanerozoic, began on 541 000 000 years
ago and ended 252 170 000 years ago, so the length of the Paleozoic is
288 830 000 years.
Cambrian, the first period of Paleozoic, began on 541 000 000 years
ago and ended 485 400 000 years ago, so the length of the Cambrian is
55 600 000 years.
Terreneuvian, the first epoch of Cambrian, began on 541 000 000 years
ago and ended 521 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Terreneuvian
is 20 000 000 years.
Fortunian, the first age of Terreneuvian, began on 541 000 000 years
ago and ended 529 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Fortunian is
12 000 000 years.
Tommotian, the second age of Terreneuvian, began on 529 000 000

3
Tommotian is 8 000 000 years.
Lower Cambrian, the second epoch of Cambrian, began on 521 000

000 years ago and ended 509 000 000 years ago, so the length of the
Lower Cambrian is 12 000 000 years.
Atdabanian, the first age of Lower Cambrian, began on 521 000 000
Atdabanian is 7 000 000 years.
Toyonian, the second age of Lower Cambrian, began on 514 000 000
Toyonian is 5 000 000 years.
Middle Cambrian, the third epoch of Cambrian, began on 509 000 000
years ago and ended 497 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Middle
Cambrian is 12 000 000 years.
Molodian, the first age of Middle Cambrian, began on 509 000 000
Molodian is 4 500 000 years.
Drumian, the second age of Middle Cambrian, began on 504 500 000
Drumian is 4 000 000 years.
Guzhangian, the third age of Middle Cambrian, began on 500 500 000
Guzhangian is 3 500 000 years.
Furongian, the fourth epoch of Cambrian, began on 497 000 000 years
ago and ended 485 400 000 years ago, so the length of the Furongian is
11 600 000 years.
Paibian, the first age of Furongian, began on 497 000 000 years ago
and ended 494 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Paibian is
3 000 000 years.
Jiangshanian, the second age of Furongian, began on 494 000 000

Jiangshanian is 4 500 000 years.
Lawsonian, the third age of Furongian, began on 489 500 000 years
ago and ended 485 400 000 years ago, so the length of the Lawsonian is
4 100 000 years.
Ordovician, the second period of Paleozoic, began on 485 400 000

4
Ordovician is 41 600 000 years.
Early Ordovician, the first epoch of Ordovician, began on 485 400 000
years ago and ended 470 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Early
Tremadocian, the first age of Early Ordovician, began on 485 400 000
Tremadocian is 7 700 000 years.
Floian, the second age of Early Ordovician, began on 477 700 000
years ago and ended 470 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Floian
is 7 700 000 years.
Middle Ordovician, the second epoch of Ordovician, began on

of the Middle Ordovician is 11 600 000 years.
Dapingian, the first age of Middle Ordovician, began on 470 000 000
Dapingian is 2 700 000 years.
Darriwilian, the second age of Middle Ordovician, began on

of the Darriwilian is 8 900 000 years.
Late Ordovician, the third epoch of Ordovician, began on 458 400 000
years ago and ended 443 800 000 years ago, so the length of the Late
Sandbian, the first age of Late Ordovician, began on 458 400 000 years
ago and ended 453 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Sandbian is
5 400 000 years.
Katian, the second age of Late Ordovician, began on 453 000 000
years ago and ended 445 200 000 years ago, so the length of the Katian
is 7 800 000 years.
Hirnantian, the third age of Late Ordovician, began on 445 200 000
Hirnantian is 1 400 000 years.
Silurian, the third period of Paleozoic, began on 443 800 000 years ago
and ended 419 200 000 years ago, so the length of the Silurian is
24 600 000 years.
5
Llandovery, the first epoch of Silurian, began on 443 800 000 years
ago and ended 433 400 000 years ago, so the length of the Llandovery is
10 400 000 years.
Rhuddanian, the first age of Llandovery, began on 443 800 000 years
ago and ended 440 800 000 years ago, so the length of the Rhuddanian
is 3 000 000 years.
Aeronian, the second age of Llandovery, began on 440 800 000 years
ago and ened 438 500 000 years ago, so the length of the Aeronian is
2 300 000 years.
Telychian, the third age of Llandovery, began on 438 500 000 years
ago and ended 433 400 000 years ago, so the length of the Telychian is
5 100 000 years.
Wenlock, the second epoch of Silurian, began on 433 400 000 years
ago and ended 427 400 000 years ago, so the length of the Wenlock is 6
000 000 years.
Sheinwoodian, the first age of Wenlock, began on 433 400 000 years
ago and ended 430 500 000 years ago, so the length of the
Sheinwoodian is 2 900 000 years.
Homerian, the second age of Wenlock, began on 430 500 000 years
ago and ended 427 400 000 years ago, so the length of the Homerian is
3 100 000 years.
Ludlow, the third epoch of Silurian, began on 427 400 000 years ago
and ended 423 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Ludlow is
4 400 000 years.
Gorstian, the first age of Ludlow, began on 427 400 000 years ago and
ended 425 600 000 years ago, so the length of the Gorstian is 1 800 000
years.
Ludfordian, the second age of Ludlow, began on 425 600 000 years
ago and ended 423 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Ludfordian is
2 600 000 years.
Pridoli, the fourth epoch of Silurian, began on 423 000 000 years ago
and ended 419 200 000 years ago, so the length of the Pridoli is
3 800 000 years.
Devonian, the fourth period of Paleozoic, began on 419 200 000 years
ago and ended 358 900 000 years ago, so the length of Devonian is
6
60 300 000 years.
Early Devonian, the first epoch of Devonian, began on 419 200 000
Devonian is 25 900 000 years.
Lockhovian, the first age of Early Devonian, began on 419 200 000
Lockhovian is 8 400 000 years.
Pragian, the second age of Early Devonian, began on 410 800 000
years ago and ended 407 600 000 years ago, so the length of the Pragian
is 3 200 000 years.
Emsian, the third age of Early Devonian, began on 407 600 000 years
ago and ended 393 300 000 years ago, so the length of the Emsian is
14 300 000 years.
Middle Devonian, the second epoch of Devonian, began on

of the Middle Devonian is 10 600 000 years.
Eifelian, the first age of Middle Devonian, began on 393 300 000 years
ago and ended 387 700 000 years ago, so the length of the Eifelian is
5 600 000 years.
Givetian, the second age of Middle Devonian, began on 387 700 000
years ago 382 700 000 years ago, so the length of the Givetian is
5 000 000 years ago.
Late Devonian, the third epoch is of Devonian, began on

of the Late Devonian is 23 800 000 years.
Frasnian, the first age of Late Devonian, began on 382 700 000 years
ago and ended 372 200 000 years ago, so the length of the Frasnian is
10 500 000 years.
Famennian, the second age of Late Devonian, began on 372 200 000
Famennian is 13 300 000 years.
Carboniferous, the fifth period of Paleozoic, began on 358 900 000

Carboniferous is 60 000 000 years.
Mississippian, the first epoch of Carboniferous, began on 358 900 000

7
Mississippian is 35 700 000 years.
Tournaisian, the first age of Mississippian, began on 358 900 000

years ago 346 700 000 years ago, so the length of the Tournaisian is
12 200 000 years.
Visan, the second age of Mississippian, began on 346 700 000 years
ago and ended 330 900 000 years ago, so the length of the Visan is
15 800 000 years.
Serpukhovian, the third age of Mississippian, began on 330 900 000

Serpukhovian is 7 700 000 years.
Pennsylvanian, the second epoch of Carboniferous, began on

of the Pennsylvanian is 24 300 000 years.
Bashkirian, the first age of Pennsylvanian, began on 323 200 000 years
ago and ended 315 200 000 years ago, so the length of the Bashkirian is
8 000 000 years.
Moscovian, the second age of Pennsylvanian, began on 315 200 000

Moscovian 8 200 000 years.
Kasimovian, the third age of Pennsylvanian, began on 307 000 000

Kasimovian is 3 300 000 years.
Gzhelian, the fourth age of Pennsylvanian, began on 303 700 000 years
ago and ended 298 900 000 years ago, so the length of the Gzhelian is
4 800 000 years.
Permian, the sixth period of Paleozoic, began on 298 900 000 years
ago and ended 252 170 000 years ago, so the length of the Permian is
46 730 000 years.
Cisuralian, the first epoch of Permian, began on 298 900 000 years ago
and ended 272 300 000 years ago, so the length of the Cisuralian is
26 600 000 years.
Asselian, the first age of Cisuralian, began on 298 900 000 years ago
295 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Asselian is 3 900 000 years.
Sakmarian, the second age of Cisuralian, began on 295 000 000 years
8
ago and 290 100 000 years ago, so the length of the Sakmarian is
4 900 000 years.
Artinskian, the third age of Cisuralian, began on 290 100 000 years ago
and ended 283 500 000 years ago, so the length of the Artinskian is
6 600 000 years.
Kungurian, the fourth age of Cisuralian, began on 283 500 000 years
ago and 272 300 000 years ago, so the length of the Kungurian is
11 200 000 years.
Guadalupian, the second epoch of Permian, began on 272 300 000

Guadalupian is 12 500 000 years.
Roadian, the first age of Guadalupian, began on 272 300 000 years ago
and ended 268 800 000 years ago, so the length of the Roadian is
3 500 000 years.
Wordian, the second age of Guadalupian, began on 268 800 000 years
ago and ended 265 100 000 years ago, so the length of the Wordian is
3 700 000 years.
Capitanian, the third age of Guadalupian, began on 265 100 000 years
ago and ended 259 800 000 years ago, so the length of the Capitanian is
5 300 000 years.
Lopingian, the third epoch of Permian, began on 259 800 000 years
ago and ended 252 170 000 years ago, so the length of the Lopingian is
7 630 000 years.
Wuchiapingian, the first age of Lopingian, began on 259 800 000 years
ago and ended 254 140 000 years ago, so the length of the
Wuchiapingian is 5 660 000 years.
Changhsingian, the second age of Lopingian, began on 254 140 000

years ago 252 170 000 years ago, so the length of the Changhsingian is
1 970 000 years.
Mesosoic, the second era of Phanerozoic, began on 252 170 000 years
ago and ended 66 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Mesosoic is
186 170 000 years.
Triassic, the first period of Mesosoic, began on 252 170 000 years ago
and ended 201 300 000 years ago, so the length of the Triassic is 50 870
000 years.
9
Early Triassic, the first epoch of Triassic, began on 252 170 000 years
ago and ended 247 200 000 years ago, so the length of the Early Triassic
is 4 970 000 years.
Induan, the first age of Early Triassic, began on 252 170 000 years ago
and ended 251 200 000 years ago, so the length of the Induan is 970 000
years.
Olenekian, the second age of Early Triassic, began on 251 200 000
Olenekian is 4 000 000 years.
Middle Triassic, the second epoch of Triassic, began on 247 200 000
Triassic is 10 200 000 years.
Anisian, the first age of Middle Triassic, began on 247 200 000 years
ago and ended 242 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Anisian is 5
200 000 years.
Ladinian, the second age of Middle Triassic, began on 242 000 000
Ladinian is 5 000 000 years.
Late Triassic, the third epoch of Triassic, began on 237 000 000 years
ago and ended 201 300 000 years ago, so the length of the Late Triassic
is 35 700 000 years.
Carnian, the first age of Late Triassic, began on 237 000 000 years ago
and ended 227 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Carnian is
10 000 000 years.
Nornian, the second age of Late Triassic, began on 227 000 000 years
ago and ended 208 500 000 years ago, so the length of the Nornian is
18 500 000 years.
Rhaetian, the third age of Late Triassic, began on 208 500 000 years
ago and ended 201 300 000 years ago, so the length of the Rhaetian is
7 200 000 years.
Jurassic, the second periof of Mesosoic, began on 201 300 000 years
ago and ended 145 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Jurassic is
56 300 000 years.
Early Jurassic, the first epoch of Jurassic, began on 201 300 000 years
ago and ended 174 100 000 years ago, so the length of the Early
10
Jurassic is 27 200 000 years.
Hettangian, the first age of Early Jurassic, began on 201 300 000 years
ago and ended 199 300 000 years ago, so the length of the Hettangian is
2 000 000 years.
Sinemurian, the second age of Early Jurassic, began on 199 300 000
Sinemurian is 8 500 000 years.
Pliensbachian, the third age of Early Jurassic, began on 190 800 000
Pliensbachian is 8 100 000 years.
Toarcian, the fourth age of Early Jurassic, began on 182 700 000 years
ago and ended 174 100 000 years ago, so the length of the 8 600 000
years.
Middle Jurassic, the second epoch of Jurassic, began on 174 100 000
Jurassic is 10 600 000 years.
Aalenian, the first age of Middle Jurassic, began on 174 100 000 years
ago and ended 170 300 000 years ago, so the length of the Aalenian is
3 800 000 years.
Bajocian, the second age of Middle Jurassic, began on 170 300 000
Bajocian is 2 000 000 years.
Bathonian, the third age of Middle Jurassic, began on 168 300 000
Bathonian is 2 200 000 years.
Callovian, the fourth age of Middle Jurassic, began on 166 100 000
Callovian is 2 600 000 years.
Late Jurassic, the third epoch of Jurassic, began on 163 500 000 years
ago and ended 145 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Late Jurassic
is 18 500 000 years.
Oxfordian, the first age of Late Jurassic, began on 163 500 000 years
ago and ended 157 300 000 years ago, so the length of the 6 200 000
years.
Kimmeridgian, the second age of Late Jurassic, began on 157 300 000
11
Kimmeridgian is 5 200 000 years.
Tithonian, the third age of Late Jurassic, began on 152 100 000 years
ago and ended 145 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Tithonian is
7 200 000 years.
Cretaceous, the third period of Mesosoic, began on 145 000 000 years
ago and ended 66 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Cretaceous is
79 000 000 years.
Early Cretaceous, the first epoch of Cretaceous, began on 145 000 000
Cretaceous is 44 500 000 years.
Berriasian, the first age of Early Cretaceous, began on 145 000 000
years ago and ended 139 800 000 years ago, so the length of the 5 200
000 years.
Valanginian, the second age of Early Cretaceous, began on

of the Valanginian is 6 900 000 years.
Hauterivian, the third age of Early Cretaceous, began on 132 900 000
Hauterivian is 3 500 000 years.
Barremian, the fourth age of Early Cretaceous, began on 129 400 000
4 400 000 years.
Aptian, the fifth age of Early Cretaceous, began on 125 000 000 years
and ended 113 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Aptian is
12 000 000 years.
Albian, the sixth age of Early Cretacaous, began on 113 000 000 years
ago and ended 100 500 000 years ago, so the length of the Albian is
12 500 000 years.
Late Cretaceous, the second epoch of Cretaceous, began on

100 500 000 years ago and ended 66 000 000 years ago, so the length of
the Late Cretaceous is 34 500 000 years.
Cenomanian, the first age of Late Cretaceous, began on 100 500 000
Cenomanian is 6 600 000 years.
12
Turonian, the second age of Late Cretaceous, began on 93 900 000
Turonian is 4 100 000 years.
Coniacian, the third age of Late Cretaceous, began on 89 800 000

Coniacian is 3 500 000 years.
Santonian, the fourth age of Late Cretaceous, began on 86 300 000

Santonian is 2 700 000 years.
Campanian, the fifth age of Late Cretaceous, began on 83 600 000

11 500 000 years.
Maastrichtian, the sixth age of Late Cretaceous, began on 72 100 000

Maastrichtian is 6 100 000 years.
Cenozoic, the third era of Phanerozoic, began on 66 000 000 years ago
and is still going on.
Palogene, the first period of Cenozoic, began on 66 000 000 years ago
and ended 23 030 000 years ago, so the length of the Palogene is
42 970 000 years.
Paleocene, the first epoch of Palogene, began on 66 000 000 years ago
and ended 56 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Paleocene is 10
000 000 years.
Danian, the first age of Paleocene, began on 66 000 000 years ago and
ended 61 600 000 years ago, so the length of the Danian is 4 400 000
years.
Seladian, the second age of Paleocene, began on 61 600 000 years

ago and ended 59 200 000 years ago, so the length of the Seladian is
2 400 000 years.
Thanetian, the third age of Paleocene, began on 59 200 000 years ago
and ended 56 000 000 years ago, so the length of the Thanetian is
3 200 000 years.
Eocene, the second epoch of Paleocene, began on 56 000 000 years

ago and ended 33 900 000 years ago, so the length of the Eocene is
22 100 000 years.
13
Ypresian, the first age of Eocene, began on 56 000 000 years ago and
ended 47 800 000 years ago, so the length of the Ypresian is 10 380 000
years.
Lutetian, the second age of Eocene, began on 47 800 000 years ago
and ended 41 200 000 years ago, so the length of the Lutetian is
6 600 000 years.
Bartonian, the third age of Eocene, began on 41 200 000 years ago and
ended 37 800 000 years ago, so the length of the Bartonian is 3 400 000
years.
Priabonian, the fourth age of Eocene, began on 37 800 000 years ago
and ended 33 900 000 years ago, so the length of the Priabonian is
3 900 000 years.
Oligocene, the third epoch of Paleocene, began on 33 900 000 years

ago and ended 23 030 000 years ago, so the length of the Oligocene is
10 870 000 years.
Rupelian, the first age of Oligocene, began on 33 900 000 years ago
and ended 28 100 000 years ago, so the length of the Rupelian 5 800 000
years.
Chattian, the second age of Oligocene, began on 28 100 000 years ago
and ended 23 030 000 years ago, so the length of the Chattian is
5 070 000 years.
Neogene, the second period of Cenozoic, began on 23 030 000 years

ago and ended 2 580 000 years ago, so the length of the Neogene is
20 450 000 years.
Miocene, the first epoch of Neogene, began on 23 030 000 years ago
and ended 5 333 000 years ago, so the length of the Miocene is
17 697 000 years.
Aquitanian, the first age of Miocene, began on 23 030 000 years ago
and ended 20 440 000 years ago, so the length of the Aquitanian is
2 590 000 years.
Burdigalian, the second age of Miocene, began on 20 440 000 years

ago and ended 15 970 000 years ago, so the length of the Burdigalian is
4 470 000 years.
Langhian, the third age of Miocene, began on 15 970 000 years ago
and ended 13 820 000 years ago, so the length of the Langhian is
14
2 150 000 years.
Serravallian, the fourth age of Miocene, began on 13 820 000 years ago
and ended 11 630 000 years ago, so the length of the Serravallian is
2 190 000 years.
Tortonian, the fifth age of Miocene, began on 11 630 000 years ago
and ended 7 246 000 years ago, so the length of the Tortonian is 4 384
000 years.
Messinian, the sixth age of Miocene, began on 7 246 000 years ago
and ended 5 333 000 years ago, so the length of the Messinian is 1 913
000 years.
Pliocene, the second epoch of Neogene, began on 5 333 000 years ago
and ended 2 580 000 years ago, so the length of the Pliocene is
2 753 000 years.
Zanclean, the first age of Pliocene, began on 5 333 000 years ago and
ended 3 600 000 years ago, so the length of the Zanclean is 1 733 000
years.
Piacenzian, the second age of Pliocene, began on 3 600 000 years ago
and ended 2 580 000 years ago, so the length of the Piacenzian is
1 020 000 years.
Quaternary, the third period of Cenozoic, began on 2 580 000 years

ago and is still going on.
Pleistocene, the first epoch of Quaternary, began on 2 580 000 years

ago and ended 11 700 years ago, so the length of the Pleistocene is
2 568 300 years.
Gelasian, the first age of Pleistocene, began on 2 580 000 years ago
and ended 1 800 000 years ago, so the length of the Gelasian is 780 000
years.
Calabrian, the second age of Pleistocene, began on 1 800 000 years

ago and ended 781 000 years ago, so the length of the Calabrian is
1 019 000 years.
Ionian, the third age of Pleistocene, began on 781 000 years ago and
ended 126 000 years ago, so the length of the Ionian is 655 000 years.
Tarantian, the fourth age of Pleistocene, began on 126 000 years ago
and ended 11 700 years ago, so the length of the Tarantian is 114 300
15
years.
Holocene, the second epoch of Quaternary, began on 11 700 years

ago and is still going on.
Preboreal, the first age of Holocene, began on 11 700 years ago and
ended 9 000 years ago, so the length of the Preboreal is 2 700 years.
Boreal, the second age of Holocene, began on 9 000 years ago and
ended 7 500 years ago, so the length of the Boreal is 1 500 years.
Atlantic, the third age of Holocene, began on 7 500 years ago and
ended 5 000 years ago, so the length of the Atlantic is 1 500 years.
Subboreal, the fourth age of Holocene, began on 5 000 years ago and
ended 2 500 years ago, so the length of the Subboreal is 2 500 years.
Subatlantic, the fifth age of Holocene, began on 2 500 years ago and is
still going on.
16

Almanach II - Geochron

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ALMANACH

Precambrian, the first supereon in Earth's history, began on

Archean, the second eon of Precambrian, began on 4 000 000 000

Paleoarchean, the second era of Archean, began on 3 600 000 000

Proterozoic, the third eon of Precambrian, began on 2 500 000 000

Paleoproterozoic, the first era of Proterozoic, began on 2 500 000 000

Siderian, the first period of Paleoproterozoic, began on 2 500 000 000

Rhyacian, the second period of Paleoproterozoic, began on

Orosirian, the third period of Paleoproterozoic, began on 2 050 000

Statherian, the fourth period of Paleoproterozoic, began on

Mesoproterozoic, the second era of Proterozoic, began on

Calymmian, the first period of Mesoproterozoic, began on

Ectasian, the second period of Mesoproterozoic, began on

Stenian, the third period of Mesoproterozoic, began on 1 200 000 000

Neoproterozoic, the third era of Proterozoic, began on 1 000 000 000

Tonian, the first period of Neoproterozoic, began on 1 000 000 000

Cryogenian, the second period of Neoproterozoic, began on

Ediacaran, the third period of Neoproterozoic, began on 635 000 000

Postprecambrian, the second supereon in Earth's history, began on

Phanerozoic, the first eon of Postprecambrian, began on 541 000 000

Tommotian, the second age of Terreneuvian, began on 529 000 000

Lower Cambrian, the second epoch of Cambrian, began on 521 000

Jiangshanian, the second age of Furongian, began on 494 000 000

Ordovician, the second period of Paleozoic, began on 485 400 000

Middle Ordovician, the second epoch of Ordovician, began on

Darriwilian, the second age of Middle Ordovician, began on

Middle Devonian, the second epoch of Devonian, began on

Late Devonian, the third epoch is of Devonian, began on

Carboniferous, the fifth period of Paleozoic, began on 358 900 000

Mississippian, the first epoch of Carboniferous, began on 358 900 000

Tournaisian, the first age of Mississippian, began on 358 900 000

Serpukhovian, the third age of Mississippian, began on 330 900 000

Pennsylvanian, the second epoch of Carboniferous, began on

Moscovian, the second age of Pennsylvanian, began on 315 200 000

Kasimovian, the third age of Pennsylvanian, began on 307 000 000

Guadalupian, the second epoch of Permian, began on 272 300 000

Changhsingian, the second age of Lopingian, began on 254 140 000

Valanginian, the second age of Early Cretaceous, began on

Late Cretaceous, the second epoch of Cretaceous, began on

Coniacian, the third age of Late Cretaceous, began on 89 800 000

Santonian, the fourth age of Late Cretaceous, began on 86 300 000

Campanian, the fifth age of Late Cretaceous, began on 83 600 000

Maastrichtian, the sixth age of Late Cretaceous, began on 72 100 000

Seladian, the second age of Paleocene, began on 61 600 000 years

Eocene, the second epoch of Paleocene, began on 56 000 000 years

Oligocene, the third epoch of Paleocene, began on 33 900 000 years

Neogene, the second period of Cenozoic, began on 23 030 000 years

Burdigalian, the second age of Miocene, began on 20 440 000 years

Quaternary, the third period of Cenozoic, began on 2 580 000 years

Pleistocene, the first epoch of Quaternary, began on 2 580 000 years

Calabrian, the second age of Pleistocene, began on 1 800 000 years

Holocene, the second epoch of Quaternary, began on 11 700 years

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