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- I~ 2.. [ whe>t.e. A -=- A.9-\-e..Qj

"le.x t T'dpe._ :-1


~

tM; SC{.UQJ1.e ~ foon6\ m: mt LTd?


~ Sq,uo.n e. 6\ a\ lDT "Gffi1r ~I
~- sq,u.axe. -it side.. q::jf Ra:hon
-:: 0. J~ Q
4
=- I ~ Ji Zmr I
Ra.:bc) u.f AJteQ .

\
::: tl : c-t 2- 1- ~ l : ~ A-~ .

Ne_:x:b ~pe ~-~ ~Q=t'\ S.q_,uo..9\e. ~ rd~~~ W % ~cH~


~ '&~lr\ .CQ<>tiUI "G\k\1 : ~ ~~ 5 ~de d-1--; -----7\-
Rcmo t~.fi ~Jil l A~e.,o. d1f Ro.:ho &~.13 ~ 1

\de of Sq,_uOJte. ! Stde. o~ Ectuito.i~o.t


~ 5o; 56 =- Q.~J&Q
- (: ~2_
Sq_tAMte. : ~e._o. of. E,'q_,w(olexct.t
A 0 ". A6 . -- r\;)_
\.,{; .. *Q
rc:; 'l. r.,
l-. Ate"' ~ ~~~: ~
"-'\
J
== a7l ~ :11 CJia yt [' s,~e ~ Eq_wlatbt~~..J.i~ :.
y .

- Q~ ~ l3 X -a-a.'l.
.L+,__
- I~ .[3 ~ ~".,~
~ \
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-. JS-? ~0
~ __, ~-nl~~
OR ~.
'{?o 4-ero ?< '-:1 =- n .9... Q ~~rs
.8'" '-\..,

G~3~~c.nL) Q~:=: ~ fs)L


::: '3l.OCYY!"l

~~ \~~ ~-i (Ycmo.lldO~:>U\M. ( -8~"fui{.. -L\_!:~*~


......---_ _____ _
, ... - -- -- ----- --- -- - -
)

~ -H~\~.t.. '-'.1~(y\ ~ ~.l-1~ ~\<ii~ -;A ~m &-~~~t.


~~I
* ~ e-lt;::,1 ~i~l-- ~t"WT ~n-~ I
DIO{)'hO\
. :~ <(.I =-c._~ <- <.3-:::: <. Y
*- <\+ .(3 -= ~ "3-t .(_ ~ ::j: .( ~ 1 .,(_ q -- < i..H <(I - I '6 0

' ' f\ye.~ 0~ Whol~ Y~ll.\tO~Q~

'=- &-x.a '/. . B~e. X H~ni


- \3CL.'JJe. X H~3kl
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~ -B;~-ntit ~~en~ '3-lt~vt ~ c Ad~e,c.Q_~ Side) ~ ~ 3oc.,m Mtl ~oCh'l ~


5
;'ml~ <l,'~ l>IT 'it- ~ ir <!l"h <\(1 gt I~Ktv> ~ ~ ~J; ffif\- \lJGU T, &"ht :fiT
~~0.\\ 4-2...1 I ~I
u~ Bo..De :::3oGw> ( He..i~rct =ll.Cwl
AYe.o..-=- 3ox 11 Cvv!L[Hx f3 J -I.
~ B~e = ~o~ , W Kt.tgN =hGM
AYe..O.. -::. ~b')(h Q.nl.. -lL
f.o-tom T. OYid n:.
3o~l2= 2oXh
h~ 3tX)X t-l::- (:,= \8 Ur-n AA .
-1:lQ

-~) ~ ~.}~\d-t -c!Il~t>l ~ .3-\\-8..-1 ~ i;T 01&11 ICwl ~ (

\6J?5T cft ~ 6Ctn ~ 1 -tind A!heQ


fJ AI6C. t"s o... Sca\ane (l~b!cH&I.E)T.P-do~le
--. S-:: QtbtC =- S+6-t-l-:: QOY)
:t d--

A9itQ- ~~c~cs b-)cs c)


(
c
~- r.,J q q -l) ( q-6 ") (Q -5) -=- ~ q ' ft. 3 - ~
~ -6.ff (.,w} ?-

Aye_o.._ Ot 'PM-toll ~o~om = ~ 1... A91ea o~ ~ A B c


::: ~X {.~6 - ld..j1 c.m l. -
~ -""'"'---~-~---......--~-~- ......_____ ....... --.........------- - - .r~

~ i?+ 6'1--=- ~ ~) ~ ~ ~: c (_ ) l. (

=~X d11.. + ~X~


- y Lt
=\ ~
d,1. cl
-+~
C9- .!)..

@-+d~:~;-~~~1-~J
~ L{o& ~ro~z -'-lir~.bl ~ ~'~ ~JG\\ iA t>-1t<\Th: fl)c.m W \g_crn ~ ~~ ~ ~r (

-,t Q--\<N[ I~ Cm ~ WW t'21o~-tol \ ~~ .;pJf ~ t

d?'+df--=- @.(_.l~ J.?) (

~Y)l--+ d}-= ~ llL.1..-t \&1.) '"'c.


.,u ""1 -
/
_/ ~ ~ t \4 4 + ~ s 6 )
dt ~ J..X 4~ ~ lq~ ( 6 c.-'1
~ ~W..-1'16::
d-1-::.~ CWl .
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~hornbvs (.{r.H~~ ) @
---------------
~. @~~ ~ ~. g-lJffQ &:r~ ~~I
:~ ~ fO,.JO'rr ~ eT&it ~~lrf-51~~ ~it-~
~ ~ ~cl1r- ~ h ~ ~ Poff\t tR" Cl1R.~ ~
a... ,
qooo;;r AYlale. G.~ ~~
~ <1-:::. <.Lt & z~~ <:::_ 3
* <niA =- <~+~Lt =F (.4-+-(.2> = ~~+<l = 1'6oo
---- '-_..------~----- --'-- --~

)---- -~
.. ......_ ...-.....

ry~ h'1 u 01-=: 4 q,_ ~ '-~ Q

AYect =-.lxd,)(dl.
)..
=- BO-be.X f-te..fahf
(j

g~:~ ~!l~+~! ~ 2cl~;~L~ -- .J


~ Prt,:rtr ~~_1 tH ~ ~c.~,~ ~\ch6t f ~f t 6cm ~ l~ em~~ l l-\\(i -J-h.Q_
Att e..c~ I Pe_,_fnlt'k"t. end t\ ~a hi r

Ch = [ O"C'rYl ~h.= I~ Ch1

Slde.'~il ~ ojd,>.~d,l," ~)\(Ill"" jSH144 _


---~-- ;}
"'ij>
Are..c._ -== l:xd
)_..
1xd L =- _I x t-5 x 12.... ::::: 96
~
em L
P~M e:\.e.J.- YX Q = ~)( (o = ~o Gm .
.
-=-

1\.\ow AYeO= -k_1(d,'Xdl =- ~~e...~ He. .t'gM-

:::3 q6 = to X He.i~N
l-te.t'~kl -= ~6 (W\

~~!-~ ~--) MtOp.lJ(Uhl (~Me'\~ '-ill~)


---------
1k ~~ -y-1~ -n~ ~&i,~ ~~~A\-~,
W Prutal~
h

l
Ye.~- ;t~+b) X~h~-~,~~~

~ ~:Som ~ ll~~~~
~-,..........__~-- ~__...._.----

f\le.x.-:t T~be ~--) (Q.uo.d.l.lo.1~"aJ1 t-dr\'lltli\ )


...--...~ ~ ~~

J\cffi. ~ o.;t ~~01 ~ --~~~--~~~ ~n. ~ \


b~ (\;e_a_=-~ -l dht + l d_ h2- ' ")
"~(h1+h1) Xd . ~
.'. 1\yea.=
.......' '- ...._
~t
---......__.
su\IH)r J.ovr D\'o.Bnol) 't 'J>\q8Y1Gl
-........___ .........._ ,--
, -- __
-- '---- -- ......_ - -
J
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t
~~ fo.-4 '"K.e,~u\~ HX0..3onQQ. l~~ *Z~&J ) a.
"'..,....,..-,... . "'t)~
~ Re~p.J.Clli HtX:n~ohn.i. """tl 'ti'ail ~ &\U~-1.. Uc t.\ a
L--_..:_~-----7

'P~md~: 6Q, 0.

Hit~ of ~UQ~on~ ~ &K.E c \:te.lw


Q (l r;:; l
~ -_ ~ o{ Btw'loJ.bol Th'ct~le...::- ""!(\_)
-= ~Q [1.-t is +ha. j_ DistQnce Be:t~ Two P{Utc&loJ. S\de] ,

R~ul0-9L {{ex.a~oho.t ~ ~ 6 Eq_wtoleJ\~ T.kta~le.. ~ ~I


: ~ AYe. a. c{- 1. Eq
~~...__,..._-~-------___....-;----~-
wlo.:toc&-------------
T-tcJ~ le = ~ Q1..
......... --~------~ ~

o'~ = ( Ar~ of. Re~Ld~ H~a.~onc&;::. GX A~e.o. <94 Equ.fLoJ~a..Q. Tua~~ ~


~ -~--------- ~-.............__
=- 6 x -G
4
q t-
8-
'3l3 a l- (
- - - - ..... ,_ .. -.
~-------------.............,_.---.......

~ t-texo.~onc& ~ ~o-qz- Ci11c.te.. ~ ct


ffr :;a\ l<ocit'u.s. @ ~ ~ Eq_u.il<lJeJtqt a.
T9t.l'onat.. ia- HeJ3niM I
Q
~~: .EQ~
L~~--- & I Q

~ ~R He.Jco.~onat ~ ~'-!.. ~ ~ ci9-tcle i\


ffr ~-afr Rad.\1)~ ail ~ in Hexo.eonQQ a?r- \ '

Sicle ~~~I

[]
Now
(

A:te.o.. int.iV"c.lle. Aye_o. dC.UWl-= Tl(.l3)'L: )(.L'L)'L


~!4
--~---........._--.....____:----------

gtde o~ ~-K~XQ~oY\c&-:: ~ o+ Reauo~ te


= Q_
t-tti~ {) f l--\uo.go~al.--:: B>te.d-#-t o.f.- f?-eo cJahfJ Ie.
. ' -:::. J' Q ""- - --- -,.

;.l~~~~:~F;o J3Q~J
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-* Radi lJ~ o.f u?tcl e. ="0--'


DiQtneJen ~ CA91c.le_-= d
r---~'-~~-""-~-'"'----~l

DIO.me.t.9-t:::. ~X Ract,ilJs.
d::::{}k
Ci<Jtcutnfexence. C.~} -= ~Ttk
~(l.O.. -==- ll~~ "J ht"1 E._ T[ iS b-.yaJ-{on QQ NwYJhe~
~------"

~ -------- -----~-----...... _______________________ . - - - ------- .........


ll::. L-2. o!l-t ?>IY
-.....'-- ____ .__~ '
(9..ue.~~~.:., Choo')e_. {ha_. l 0 ota.:hohcLQ. Nllmb-tJt.- ---...____-~--..-----!- .. --------
"""--~

~1 TL Qi) 22/-, Uii > 31\.i (jv J All ~ above..


',c lL ~ ~r{ Speci-H'c VoJue. ~- ~I
------------~ ---- ,._ .. . .. - --....._ ___........__ ~--~--........ ----------------
t!_~~l: :-4 Se_c tO.lt of Q Cl1tcle_. ( f?>lq-n ~cis") ~""-' M ~ C-ia--cle. d?f ~ ~ A<rec...
Sec to.9t ~ c-t h-fr ~I
,: G\Q. An~le.. "'36o0 fun
~ \1~ Aae.-Q. --rr9t1.
C~f', AY13le (9 ~ ff& A'6e_C~::: ~1_X (Q
- - - '-- --..._ - ~f,~O
~ -.,..~ A.yc_Q o.f- .Se do.9( =" '-X !' tJ. :- ~
l ---- ------ ..--......._ . . .__ ----~
360
----........ ?-----......... -----
17
f~. I
.....____ _
J
~~~~) A'4'C o.f a. Cl~(\e. ____C.~)
~__...____ --------
~-4 ~:ffi- ~ on~le.. ~
ence..) An_ ~~~ ~,

:() Gi& An~1e. ~6o 0 ffi ~ ~ t.tfbil "::=__ 6rTl%


(;(@' A l31Q.- CDo iJm- rl q ~ f\W '=- a_ J1JL X(()
- ~0

G ~~~~-~-AY~ -~'- ;;;0_


k~---~-~\8D .~~j
~ ~eJatl Oh R~~e~'fl t.~ a-t A'Yc ~ A E: (\, o{ s~c~ o.<:>l ~--\
-~- --.........-----~ ___......,...__..--...---..-.._. -

Sec~ OJ).t = ~ XruJ- -=. .L t m_ XTI9o< _.0-t_


360 & ~
=l X Lens-l-n at A"l!C X~
""("
~~------..,;__ _____ .....-.....~ ~ ------------~---------

:. ~~ :+ ~~~-1:-t ~ o_: I\L~-"-j


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\'-l.W :-1 Conce.nbJc C(ycJe. em c.kc..\e. ~~<r\..;f qx, 0 Cer'dJ.te if)
t=Tnd -Jhf- Le~~-h o{- wid t-n
\low lll R- ~TUh =- c,-c.l. [c.,, L,L Q}te_ UYCUh-1fOttilces .

~lt( R-~) ~. c, -CL


\Vidth9E~J
~ ~'!_ei\_ s?J _~~
Aeo. Ot Ri~ ~ 1LRl..-lt91 'L
=- 1t. t R.'l- 9tl. )
-:::.. l l t R+~) ( R- .9t)

.:~~ Ri~

~ fe.~J ww:\ I!.:,.L


~-----........ --- 'Pwm~~ = 1(1~cd ~t\1)
=- ~Tlh+ :}R R.
~ ~Jl( .9-t+R.)
. ...----....._ --. '- ' ....--- - -- - - .... \

:~ \!~~~~~~ ~~l::+_R? c(

~ :~ S'en-U- C1~c\e. l ~~Scyrl)


d

PeumueJt~ ~+d == ll9t+Cl9t


= ~) 9-(_ trrt
~~~~ fo\~~Ht(~~~) ~-)~~~ ~~,3f; i\- <S:Ci ~~
Pol'cl ~ e.\ ~ ~~l"RA ~ \

~.C\ Po\~~Ut)

. <Thl-e.?Jo.9t.l\na le + z E=.A;\eg.JoJL Ah@te =\'8o0


( 3{fn?z~ ~ + &~ ~)-=- \&o 0
c_Pot~~e.n) ~ if~ %1-~ (Th:t~"'<-\o.~t<. Ah5\e..) 6~~~~~~
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',' ~ -,::za.J ~d-\Csl_s~&t
E~ eJL~oh. A''""lJ 1e.) aA \ . t=hH~ Eo.c..n Tnle.?do.JL Ana le. . @
r~tt~o.9-<. : We.9t.i oJK, =- 3 1
~
-=- ~~f).

NOLO(T~e7t..tok +
0
L_ EtJWOJt-= \8o
:. ~+ l.. --1 I~ o 0
s~ 1~o 0
. . 1~ l8o I') 0
--= <:>6
s
/, T )'\..te.9l.i o..9c- Ana 1e -= 3X 3 6o ::::. IO"l1 o E.rlbl.io.9-t Ah8\e = l'8oo- lo'lS<>
r = ~~()

~ JJ~J -8~~ ~ ~ ~(bq;- '8"\o cBJo1_ ~ -g~ ~il~_2J ~ ~ & ~~l ~ (,o ~
~L gzu. J m~rm ct~l <tm ~n '
"l-ITQ
le.:l a ti-t 8Uwo-'L A~a le. -=- )L
Eac..h J:.n;f;eJJ<Vt. An51~ ~ .~.:><-+6 o
:c
X.+ ~"X.+ (,o =- t8o o
3X:.+ 6o = l~oo
3x-=- /:::l-oo
')(._-=- 4oo l EotHl E>u~6.7c An~ 1e)
., " f:a Ch t:.h.{: t.u'O..-L A~ I~- -= .~X 4 o -t- (,,.., ., -=- I Yo e

A_,._e.Q = ~Xdt')(.dJ
A D
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NotAJ Usi~
AYe_o. -9 B~e.x f-ie..i3 n.1 -= i_xd, x d L
~6X H :::. 4~0

H-=- ~ J_L{o :::. ~ CNvt.

-::::3 ""Qa;
-6M-f?,

{.\cH~{G1 (_ 'Rhomb\Js) Chi f1711Nl(1 ~ocm'l.~ \


--
i~

L,ld1 \6d1th aR\ ei.tt~


~?~R Pa~~' c#r Q{~,; L'l11 ~ ?jail ~ , ftV\d +M l-\e.~tJht a+ ~ornbtJs.
Lti ~~\t}rd: o+ IM-
dt : d 1- == a! 1

"
00
AJt ea. -=- ~ ~ d, X c! 2- :::. <g o

..Lx.lx.xx = ~ o
}-
x~= ~o X=- Yj5 Cm

c "c dl = KJSGrt'\ CV\. d 1 ::: lt JS Gm -

~ W>~~~)l--
- ~'&o + ~o = JIOo = \OL-m.
~\ow Vsi'Nj
~00~ x He{~ = N..eo..
to X H-:::. 'Bo
H-::::. If? CW)
~
-:::::c
~ ~
.
c.
d-\-1..\1 ~ ~
~ zt:lj IM<~ ~6 err?
C\9
E: 1 l:{OJ}n~o 1 Of/ll- Q1~,,~
.-R c_ __/')._ .~

~ a:?r ~ ~j,a\1 ~ i -ft n ~ -\-M, Pe tim~t t9\.. cf Rhom bus. -


dd
l 2..= Lt"l
39
~ Li~2>
::::) Ll1. ' ~X.

A\o. =- L)( ci Xd I L -:-:: ~6 B~~ Sld e ::: u ~ ~ ~:l- + 6 l-


~~..t41)(3~ = qb
-.L- x~ =- 1~ -= ~ Io o
A..= LlCYn =- I 0 - _{

-~ lth~-\n of
.{;'.9-M 0 la.s no\ -=- \.fx \.t =. t 6th) \ {?eJtimUbt '-l 0. =
~of :l'Y!d Dros-no)-=.lp!'?>=,~th). .=.l.l"l(lO
.:::: ~OC'Y'f\ I
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~~ ~.}\-t.~~&\ d1T ~4 l\oCm~l -qor) Rw-161 cfi\ M&t~ I&Cm!- l +t'nd ~
A-oeo... @
l>e.7Lim~e.n =- ua_
-. LIO=G\o
a =-I ocm @. ~ S\d e c.f Rholrlbu.Q
o~ine o.'l-= ~ Y+~YL fo

\oo ~ ~)'\ ~~ )'--


~) ')_= I oo -3 6 = (:, li Q R.
.
', ~ l- -=. ~
i}._
cl '1.-= I b CJWl

/'o AYeCL ::: ~)(A r ~ d1- =- l, Xll. X J- = ~Cvrt 1.,


~ t.(c.-i-, -{tJ\L~~lc~ a:;! tiYtif\(f aou em r I L{a?

~\~19hJ Of Rhornbus.
ve_'hi. ynQ_te9\ "=- Ll o.
\...\0.-= &oq
0.-::.. Sl C..'Wl .

.:~ d, -:.. Cjo LVY\ I d1.-= ~8 Crn .

(d~2 )~-::: S\~459..

d:- -:: ~~0~5


=. ~51(, -=- 9_ \..{
d~-:- ~\..0{~~ \.\.~CM

~ \ l''hd -\M \-\Q-1 a t'\1. o.f


~(_\'Y"'l~ ;1 "'

\) . \ t 1':7l--
S\~ Stde_ -:cc Q"" 2.. ~ d,'l:--\-dl- == 2- "i'f--t-'i}l-

Usi~ ~
r BW><l )(. 1-\ ~~ rd = l. 't cl 1 ~ d L
-__./ 2.

-=:) i.{fl-~'j;_ XH = ~ ~ XX~


H --:. )(..'<\
---
~ "C-4-~ 1-
-~-----...._ . ........__,
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Aye.o. = l..j_ Xd 1X d 2-
C\6~_L J(d,XdJ-
.L

d, Ydl.- =lq 1v - I fOCWI

..
.Std e...
- I
- Q-=- ~ ~d (1--t dl-1-. Sh~ T.9<..\tk. :-7
V\\e.. know-that
lo -=- ~ ~d,l-~dl..-l Qo_)l- : : _ '62-+ 6 f).
jd,t+di-"-=- ~0 ~~t~::.<s
@.. .
d}--+ d i"" -=- \..\ 0 0 - 11.
d,-=.\bt:.vvl
dt+d)... : j d,l.+d_{--+ 2dtdL
-=- J L\oo-+ ~l\cp.. ) ""' ~ L{oo+ 38'-1
:= J""~t>'-t-- ~ a8 -ill
cl,-d.>... = Jd,l:+di--&d,dJ- - ~ Ltoo31SY. ~~;:.~~Til

~o\VIn..d ill aY'od 1SL


d1= l b r d 2 = l2
SuM of Tujo Dfo.~ nol = &%c""' Sub-btocl <!J.\- lwo Dt'O~Ylol-= u em

~ 1ToiJ ~--~-en~ chi ~rq- s&c.m~


Of Lonca e.st Dt'o.~11ol
*" 1i1'31WI<q" = ld.oc.nl~ t t=ind -fM. Lens+h

L{Q:::. 5&
g ::. 13 C:m
0. -=-
4
DeJoJL ts. So..mL CL~ lY) r~e.vious E;xoh)j?le..
13
I?J'l-=- lll.+ sL
.', 6-=..l'l- "dL:::.S
;.... .1-

d. 1:::.120., d 1-:: S X2..


-= 2..1...1 CNvJ -==- I o c,..,.,.. .
-~ 1fci1 ~.)\-t..l_f1$l ~ td\-414 aa em~ l ~ ~tmrl b em~ r ~-~d +ru. Svtn
~~ ft.jo Dio~'nol
~ P-tdllll = :}0 c. Wl
' Side.. (l\ )-= ~ -= g_Cm .
Ll 9
-txd,Xd.>... =- b
(9\)-::: -k ~dtl-+dl
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Now ~\cl~
51_ -=-- .l. ..j d 'l-+ d l-1..
8- &-
d ''2..-+d1.-:::.Q'L
l. ....----
Usi~ ~---
~~--.! o,~... d>'-+~d,d2 " I at.+ ~.n ~ fJ a~tJb J
~ .ffin-rn::. ~~~ C PaJ"ru1eto3'hnrY\) -ir 3-\~ ~c;q F~:lt ~
l.1ciJ \1~ -.ih- ~ ~lt CIY) ~ t Rnd -l-N. Ar-ect OY\d .L Dis-\anc~
&o m 16cm ~ l
Ge..\-1.-Jeen +h. .~
t..o~est Std e.
.C:. A 16 c. \ <; a Sc.a.lone. T.9-<. \'0tlSle.
S-::. Q+b+c.. =- ~o-t~LI-tlb
f)_ .,_ -= 3 0 (.:rY} .

AJ-t a or /j. r'\ nc, I


i "o :: ~ S (S-Q.) tS-b )( s--c)
-:: . ~ '?>o ( ?>o-~o)C~o-~'-Ot~o-t_6)
, -= 6 o_fl Cm '1...
<>0 AYC.O. o.f PCl?loll~ r~ CtY-rarn
o~
:=. Cix 6o_T::::;l
or.. JJ :::. i1oJlcmL

f',.\ow BCU.Je. x HU'iJ hi-= AYeQ


&o X H "'""' ll.tJl
H = ~Jl Ltv\ .
J.. D iS-fahce.. Be:tl1Two lon-3es-.t Slde : :. &r-~cm.
:;;;1 \.io!J ~~~),_ ......, -~~i~r , 1~1.(--,.,, ~.-n
( J\ijfder\l) -,r ~..~~r ~o ~~ ~ctnl ~; ?JtJ\,l__ ~;~~
6\;J\- ~tW ~) ~\-L\ ~ o-~~ cd_l 18 Cm~ 1 Ffnd -tht .l D rsto.hce. Bdwe<:-1 S;no..C!est-
r ~
Std e. o I - 4oc'YVJ
\Ale \(~ow tho.t AYe.o.-= BQJ,e. x He..taht
..~ ~ \ '8 X 4 o :: 6o x h
6
h= ~4.-6 = ~4C.m .
:?J;KJ
~ _ l_ Dis+ance.. B~twee.n srnollest Std e '=- ~4CW1 .

?> W~ +\CHirt.i.. -LTD,~ cfu '111~ ~~ i:t ~ Cl1l 'JY\_:jqlf\ _ 8~ q -~ t ~--y- <SI~\ -~&1
~~ IDT~ ~-T-i:rrt' d1T :;:\'1lll(f 3: .;t -f- -utt"- ~*'~~ ~ -~'i cf,r ~,~, l\o em
~
"_ I hnd /VN'.o.. . .
. '

G4ve 1 ~ b -= -g ~ q [f\-low b \s ~91<?ru bl. 4-hon .Q l -I.


'
-. b: h =- 3.~ & - u... .
'

g~ .~ <!" ~~i"oo~
-. <a -----7 4 '()
q -1 ~X. q ~ LISCWJ
t) ~
[&f.r 'fGiT it ~~t{ J
A CC: -\-on_ (..ovid'' t\.\ 0\,J 'J ~ Lt 5 (M,.. d. ~ \....\ s.~ ~ -=~
, - '2, c::- -----
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A9-1Po.,.... P-,ru. r. x ~e...~~vd - QB:>:: ;iii c 1~so c:..vn L
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Ci11 ~- . !:!1 --A- -fl.
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~nd A.9{E'CL . ,

l:b-==-3~~ CJ->bl . t

:, t~h-=- S~Lt

Now &(~Tfr~) --) ~o


Q-:: -. 6 ---i I ?> 0 X 6 -==- ~ s (h)
~

Nt::~w .,Q. ~ h -::: '5 ~ Lt


u~ i5 ~'-l-== 36ew.
p (
'S =- L\S "'&

"
'0 l .Q -=- Lt s c Y'rt / ~-:- ~6CW)
1~ ru. ::: x
..Q. h -=- U '5 1- ; & ~ \ 6 'a o c..m L .

~::;\ ~ Mr1T -L\1~~t~\ -a; '3\1.(\""'i ~)jtt\1 ;A


Miit. <:; ~ 6 Cm ~ \ ""t-/i>IJ ~e\dSl{,
cfi'lc.~ \~C.m~ f\'nd --thg. L.e.ng\--h c\' O+he__,-x Dt'o.snof fr"rv1
6
t "I
vS\ ~
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d, )._-+d)..')... ::: ~ ( .Q_-+
)._
b2.. ) G ----
~//f

-~ \~w::l;: ;~~:6~) i/~~-Fj


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d 1- = ~C> D -t L( U -:: S G

/_ d}_-= ~M-:: ~-[flf (l'Y) . c~~ ~0 ~ C)f-he_~ D{a8V'lo I J


N e.X:fT~ be,~~
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~Vld6J ~~ l ThD-p \zi~ l'Y1) d;T
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0~1~
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::l")....(S0tn o{' "S.ld~) X HeJaht
: .. 2\o-::.l(l
;_
0 +-2.')~h
o , " ~
7 1\ 0:::::. ''2
~Xh
)...:
..
~ h= (0 00 .

.. : L.e.tl<J+h 6~ f~cl-icu.ta.JL l-t~'3n:t:: to CvYJ


-q,r,- *'~& ~~ <i-~T ;r7\llt)c-t ~1o ur? ~-~ -:34~r:t. J_ D\~~'()(e. &o em -lr \
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,\'!~ .. .,. '
L~h, ~ tl S!.d e. ~ ll X. f!< 5 x . -:,

Usi"1 1\YeA~ -~ L~uw. O! \1 :&tik)~\:1. > :1__h=&oem \_ . .


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;o . :
d.t~
d.lo ;- .l l \.fl.*Sx)'il. l
ty_ ~ ~~-L ~~;; ~ 3
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1-~~ c4 1\ &ide- Cl9te R.o~eaive..\~ =- 4 'lC~ ~ llGv.,
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1! Sid!'. ~~~~:1:\L <;.de ~J:.crn, :o 5&ohd Side" X-<1!'""_ 't-4 t\


. ~ ~ L.,""" Of 1\ ,;~~) )1. h ~ ICf \ \
\.\-, s ::: .!. l X+ L-l.\ ) )<. l q
2
~L-Y ~ ~ >( .2 -::\ ~- Y-=- So
+'t X=- S4/f1-=- ~1<-VJ
:e. ~+h ~ Ont Si.de-= ~IC.-W) . S&~'tld S;<ie. ~ ~~-~-:o 9-:?>CM

A ~o-tto 'I- - - - - - - f:s~ ao-to;l6+1'3 =18


Yen-=- ..J l~(t~-t()il~-\~)l\~-1?>)
~-lo k..:: 2.o -I o~ I oc.vn, -
~ t~ ~ f~X 'li~ 5 )(S l.
- 3 .._J~X9xJx~xsi~ -=- 3'X~){3 ~~ x 5 = \ "&o em
.. "'
l~u~nt=- .L . _
IO rlj1\8 }\~X 5 '/. . s :: ~!.. )(' 12. Xs : :- \J. ( \')"IL -
to

~ ~i1t"
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M
\.:11
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U o_
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4 '-"-"
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L"t ~ide. (
* tsc.."'\
1-S
R"d +hL L~th cmd 1>'10.~\1ol
.
tts

.LS

\-\eA~ hi ::: ~ \ s ')._ - I()~


=.. _j1..1.S-:\UO '=- 4 \1-S -=.

.__lo tva --ti- r~notvt -.~.__.,_ _ 2s c.....,


A YeA -= j_ {. '2.5 -t Lt s)
)_
" s .f's I -
-\

~ lo '!.. s.rs :: IIS.[S Ch'\'L


6l

;Jsi ~. A-reJA-=- ~ --r~:{S-k.) (<;.-C)"(s:d_)_ --

s~ -&:b-t CA-di'- [,t-~u-n


~ c, d
lOflryOJ\e II side J.
Cble lJ()I)(b{Q\teiJ_
lt

o~L
_
- ~~; I \~i
__L_L
_

k:=. qo-6 o-: 6oUY} S-=- 60--tl...to+S c


"' Go t.vv1
\
6~ c. Y\1
~~~-3o'-Y>I---t
51
Ave.A.::.... qo+6o r------------
'3o ,.,!to(6o-3o)l 6o-4o) C6cy-Sc j

- lSc:> I ---. =- 1So ~ ~ -::: t")ooo (_.....,...)..


30 ""'4bo ~ bo X. d.o X. I o ..-> &e-e' .:::> ",

H.-\B h-\-= ~ r\SCS-\C)CS<) (S-D) -=--_A_~ l,o X?>oXl.axiO = 2:.. X~


k. 30 :ae-- =ll 0 l:.v-r\
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-mtr 3=R.4il1~\( ~~ it cilicl ~o ~ '?> em 1: ~nd -\-h.Q Aye_o.., He..4~n:.t-


aV'ld Di a 3Y\o \ cl T 'top i2i u1M. 5 t 'f.

t,ye.ra.-= O.~b 4S(S-t:) tS.- ~) Cs-d) - 1&.rn


t:_-:: U-b -~-=- ~+c.+d
d-.
K_:::. lt ()-d. S -:::.~ ~ S.::::. :l!_ +l.b t-15 =&1-. ~~-:at,.-:--~~-C...t___ _ _ _ _ _LD-SI:M?~(
~ r - - - - ~ 6t:.wl- ~'1' --~
1
, fl.o'l-_12!-" . Q Jd~. 12--L-
-- ""~ {n-2_$ t .. ....---
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..~o r., n-=- ISE- 0 E ~ L,f:, .- s =- l-f I Gvf\.

TY\ n P.> or:


BF 1- :o:: Bo'l.+ D P l-
.'. ~)\Ci.~\'\ol f3 F =- ~(.41)1--+ 01-\'l-
(l).
Bt-=- ('rl-'01--ll.l- =~'-1oo-r4~ --= "l g)s6* -
t I)

CE-=. e:,c- Be ::::. Lr6-lb :::: 3o (NV\

~Ac~ - D"t0.3twl AE-::. jAc1-+Ct;:L- ::...J\2.?-+~b'l.- ~~"'t+C)oo ~JI<J'-1'-1=. 6JJ-~~

~..., ~.,.,;a; ~~ i\~ <> 1 .\-11 :?b1t;;) M ll t, cvn' T ii~\ ~"-'~ lf .?\-- "'9/~,..; <&
"lj<:;\T
~<rot ~""\Jf~~1f:t ~e~~N ?t T'\.Qj.~\~t\JyY\ is .?-1 -iirN'<; ~ ~OrY' o4 bQ~alleJ. s1'Jr
~'1:t 0':8.).11(1 ~~ ccy c~
c\-11 3-\~_)\J;l~l q~l ~ \ -f'i'nd -th.t.. U.~~-\-Yt o~ DtG\j"YY 0 1
a~b-:: l.f~' A a...=lb[.w)
G ~. a -= Ln-v (!l..\._ 6 -= l x.
~ l'.., yt +l ).t ) -- Tf;)(
-fl -= -II I ~ I{)t = ~
C\

A~ct =-1= lS.um B~-11 ~i~e) X 1-t fl, -- b :.1.'8 (-4')) 't .,.. c
l--b--1-ib 1-l.~J
n( =--} ('-I X+.2_}\) X ~l l ~---lb+6 - - - t
-=llGwJ
rtx1--= ll b.. i-::. l/ b/II ~ I&
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~xT TYPE :-7 ~ ~ ~\::-b~vt( Res~t~ 1-\e.X<A<jOY\QQ) ~ Q~cb ~an ~ ~(fYl~\


J=i'fld Ayec.... ond lL v;stQnce.. ~e.l..vee_V\ ""t"u:!o s\de__ .

...A..~ ~
.,.q \:#; *'}\Y.\;b~ ( R~u\aJt. t-\exa~ont:t.t) d--lt 01~~ \U LM ~- .f\'Yld OYl AYeo.. <!l.t
IYiu'?-tcle.. O.Y\d c_,91CL\tnt.\Jtcle

Ra.<i\'l?s. ~ (0-t.(u Wl C.t~1c 1(I :.: .<;ld<' CJi ~\E' radtlh~


1Ll 0.t'l) .

:~ AYe a.. ~ Ciil(tJ MLbrde =- 2.1. x:" llJ


.,.-
=
.::\ ~ .t.-\~&lS ~~G:f ( tlw\~e.,..Q] TJ-do~le} ~ "Q~Cl1 ~6-11 i\ ~ ~~h ~)"(\ ~ r ,
11'nci -t-M. AYeo. ~ J:Y\d~c\e_ ovrl Ct}-cCtch') cJ.I!,cle .

Rait\-'S 0~ Tntlhc\~~ h a Xj_ /Ro.t!t'us o.f ~-1:\.Xl]


.
~
9-1
3 L- J

~ ~ X.ltt:J!:~l -=~I~ .
~

.e., A-rea. -=- 1l~L:::. ~X 1-) - l':!g 6 Om,__

Now Ra<i"'o~ of. C:..\.tC.l\W\ d-"..c.te. : _ 2.'f.. Rotliu:. 4 4" t.~'.u~~ .


== ~'Xll-=- q2-~.
6
Aye_ 0... ::. 2 )_ '/.. -'=fr X '-1 2. - s '5 lg_-i u,., L
~

~ ~ -tA~~~ &qur ~ :nt.\.9-;c.!e_, d1T A,., EA. '"3t;ll c_w;L ~ ""'fh.a_Vl. .fi'nd 4-hr. AYe..Ov
0-t qt.Jiltiexa..~ T9t._\'cll\...~le.

-ll ~? :- '6 6 1l
.91.f}_ -=-?,6 . ..91 -= 6 Gvn ,
Ntl L~ Racu'u~ o.S. Tnu~cle... =- r;_ Ct. Xj_ ~
6-= r a x_L
3
~ 3
a-= 61~~ '3 ~ 1a.n en,
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, : Aye_ o. ~l G"q Lq' \ ed 0,_ c&_ T,\..\'C\"'d It =- ~ t{ 1-- = ~ t_h X 11]3 {[)
~ lo'8 E Cv<)')...

d l?ob 4,-V-\~ 1~ -g,';B en ~ G'91cumu,<c\c.. d:1f A'Yeo,.__ 516 Tl C.WI ~ ~nd +h.~ AYo q__
of kqu..\ \o.::l:~'t\.oJ.. T-'t..la.n8\e_ .
I(R'L::: slb n
p.._'2- =- 5"1 6 R-=- !i Lf tvn

.
~,
,.
'PeJJYY1e.ie..t.=
,
<3C.I.-=: ~Xl~-=-Si.!Lvr-.
I -'
Pe.\.lrne....\u
-- ~xct~

=-
B
8
::::. ) c..,
3')( 18 :::. s Lg~ .
-~~ '{-\.}.\&~ -e,~Gi ~ -g/11~ djt;\1 i\ ~ Q.C_W)~, ~ ~~~ ~ ..m
{\J.i~~~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~\a\IUT G\\(\1 ~ ~ -itm ""Jim 15f"3u d1r l311ZJC"' .zy-
ll.l.ioo~ ~ ';H ~. G\1~1 ~~ :<;~.,.;t ~1511 "ail 3l-:)Ufi1 ~I ~>il J
Lu AYeo oi Small Tu' Cl~ le (A,)=- I
~ Ayen_ C)i Re.~ 1: Poxt -=- 1
(81.) A--reo. G t C..J v e...-1.1 1--ti cn-"91 e. ::: l+i =2...
A,~ A1 = I~~
St : Sz. =]I: J2_ a..
- I~
fh.
J1- % Al= ~~ Q!qL
AL
-- -I
C-\ L- L

Q -- -1 A=::n
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~,, j\ c:Q l~\d\ ~ I -fiY\ct
(_'1) Ra.h~ '-'{ A.r-ec.. , i'Y\ ascelfl~'~ CYcle.\ .
l2) fZoJlo o~ S1d e \ n Ct~Ce_h~ ~ ().hdt.'l-
(3) L~ ot ~tV\ ~c:\ e <9t SMcil\ ld\A.~1cd e,_CLD T.U~n~ le

~\ow AYe.tA ~ SMC\1\e.s-t T~..-\'c.h!j \e-=- l lA1)


A"eA c4 SeccN\d T--U'Ci~te__ -= 1+1-:::- 1. (A L)
Aye~ Gf ~,~ Tt~'Ci"'-Qle.. = hH-1-== ~ l..A":>)
A,. A1. : A"!:. = I ~ 1 : 3
lfi) R.<Ulo cH S1de _
JTo., J2. ~ .D
- ' '. r1. ~ f3 ~
Q\\1 ~ o-- &ma.\t~.:d- St'd e c4 {;"qL~~kd 0~-1 T..u'c1~~e .
No~ Si = lo.l3
'){. -= I o CA.'VI .
"Q""""d-J ~~&~ ~-lEt -g~ ~l>\\ --\ c.~ ~0 ~ ~ 3...---ziL 3 w ~~-~1
f31~-~ -g-~ ~ G=\\~~ ~61~ fSr~ ;;;\ ~t71LrJM" Lt ~l6.i~ ~~-&u
6\\\\1 ~ t -(iYl~
(! > Rah'o of- A?re_o t~ A~c~~~ 0.\.de.t-.
c;L(} (<.o.:Ho Ot side. in A &C.t.hd.\~ 0dt.t...
(l!t) L~o.f 8:JC.h St'de o~ .Sh1o\l ("~wt<rlt\A~ TUC\~Ie
tu AYeA e:t T..ub~\ e.. (At1-:::.l
<;mc..\\es+-
~. 11-reP ~t ~eC.<!:>nd T.-\.-\bh.$jte (Al.)-=-~
fr'fe._9.._ &(- lhl:~d T~. .{aY\.~Ie... lA3 )-:: 3
A-t f. a.. <{ ~ i~ T.Ua h3 k- Ch-t') ;::_ y ,
'
I A:J....'A~!~-=-
A' 1~ 2...',so Y
u, , st sL ~ ~ 1. : s 1-t = 11 ~ Ji- . E : ;--;:;-
- I ~ J1- : p; ~ 2..
"'1
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J.."i--= ~{)
)l~tolJ..r).

~ *'~'~ &'irjCH ~ Q&~ c,)jw\ ~~ \SCY"\~ ~~ 'J\~<-. ~ ~ Wl&JS


t\ ~G\ :S.-H ~\l. Qo\lU.l ~~ ~ fct, ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ &\~ gq Yoxt
d1f ~ ~. ~\1\d -\-ht. u_""-~t\\ ot
~Un ~\d~ Ot Sma.IIE!~ -rao~te__
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AYtO Of ~}'\'\CI" ~ ~ l,u'~Y\j\ e, (A I) -==-- .:L


Ayea. e-f \<!<:.!t peu;t (_ AR~x.(V1) s
-. . A, : A h~'YICU'Yl = L4 : c;
Now AYe a. ot- &1'3 T..u~~te--:. P..Yro o{ Small TJv~'cn~ \e.+ Resl Pax!
( A2- I -::: y+ s -= q

. A,~ A1.. = L\: ~


Ra...h'o ~~ S1'd e
s,. s2 = Jl1 ~ Jo;
= ~~ -~

!~OW 3 ~ IS 2. :::) I~~ 2.. =:: \ 0


C,stde..) ~ \-h o:f. .S.~o :est T~. ia\1\.s \e .-::. tau,.., .
~ ~ ~~&~ -&-~ 7i:;r -g~ ~ ~b-\1 ~ ~ern ~ ~~ L~\iJ" ~ &~crl dJ $~
~E 1
Cyr;- ~C:~~ ~ 1 .-t;y,d ~ lt~~ 6\-\~'no...Q. Stde o~ TUC\~}e
o.t-
LeJ 0 di'~ i Y\.C\.. Q S,\d c o{ T.t:t'C\ ~ \e ~ a cVV) .
AYE' 0. =- n.
L-f
0... '- LY) 2..

t'-lo~ ~lde <::>t T..u CJf'\3 J e (_TnU\e00~ \y~ 2') == Ct+ 1 ~


Prr'e r-::. (o. +;) )l-
C{ -_

A C.c- +o q u.est-i on Li

JJ (0-t-J. {:: z: 41.. + 2..]3

o/+ ~ X'i+ 1J X'l4 ~ -1-2-J)


f3 r J:?. q_ -= ;) J3
~I ~, j3.Q-= [].
L~+n o+ o-u~,h~ ~lC.!e. = I~,
"'"'v_t ~,t--..~1-
Nc.....__, lt,po:: .-.
~ -..n._ ~ ~ "''-
l:Tcl;" l/1~ d-1\ ~(,\\~ ?'~ : QCNn' (\~ ~
(O.Ctnn9J-_,
..,_ , . t
"'"'d
"tlrt
,._,._
"TYl....._,

Ave.a... o~ l)._\a"'-8\e \
u~i~ He..'b\11's ~'Y"\414 I," l) A P-> c.

S-=- ~+~+C. =: q+ 1
t- fl.. =IS ~ Plnl. = Ac)..-
AI) -:: JC{~ 6{..
0(..L

~eo_= ~ S.(S-a)(~--b)( S-C) ~ ffit-11.


::c ~ I s ( \s-q) ( ls--:\)l\s~r L ~ bs-- :: 3js &.-v-1 .
::=.. JISJ' b)\ b X3
=- ~3n:5~3fJ_A3}0.X 3
AYe. G =- i X ~~e_ '/.. HQ..\'5N I~
(
: :.-. \ 8 JS CArY)'}... o;=_ ~ ~ x. sJS.
= 18E Lw>)....
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d :tf.\-\~ fu~(J{ ~\ ~*~I ~ltOL~' ~ ~ti, ~~~ ~en' <\ ~~'a


\.?ci:J &.bl:m ~
Rr ~~~~~. ~~1in' -r ("'\~1{ ~\ ~ \ A
{)s.i~ AYe_o.-= h_x 13nse. x ~~ht
2 4 ' =-{.x 1..jl5 ?\ h
h-=-~Lf~
Not.V IY\ n A 11c

0.&. =- J ~ Ll 'L-+ I o 'L -=- j"S -H -t- I o o -;=. _J"fi6 :::. ~6 CAtv\ .
--:::\ ~~ ~~~~~ -&!j~l d1T ~,-q- ~0(-lN) 1- ~& ~ 6R\~t ~Q~~, ~ a
'Qa., ~Gi\ ~l:t' M ~~ ~ ~~41,\ 3 , L-\ ~ -H'nd -\tu A'treo... cf J:Wc..~es.
TXlbhSleJ.
Q~b-=-3~'--1
(l::::jx_, b::.LlX
r.! G sx.+ sX.-+L-\ X-=- L\o.
!0)(= Lto
)l -= u l:A,'V\

. Ct =- ll. ~ b =(bL-w1 .

: f-te;'a h:t -== .J h?-_ ~ \.. = ~ 1\..~ Li-b y - ~$0- -= LJJ s Cvv) .

AYea.-=- ~;x: BCL\e x He,tfrh::t =- l.-x$;" LJ JS :: ~~JS LWJ'L '~


~ l:Ja1 ~'*'~~~'.S. -Bt~Gf <li1 ~b\lli)l., ~o9cm1 ~, t Lt~th o+ Lon v~e.q_ucd side \S
I ~ em - -H'n d +ht Pt\.1' t)\ eJ e.'- ot- -1-M .'T?U ~ n.a 1~ Q~

0 Sf~ (-\Yeq_::: 1 XbX ~ ~


3oo =lx
~
l5X.b
LC
_..
~
\'~>
~
b-==~L :::Lto~. ~J\
P 1\
" u -;::..,
J~'2:t I ~t... ~ j ~ iS -= ~ S' CNn . I
f-l.ct.wt I
UJ '-ff
~ 0LV1

Pw'~e:ltt..::: ~S:t~S-+ \..itl-::: qo~ .


~% ~~~&l -a~ d1l -qfbllf :i(,~ ~-;;i)" 1\.t-lJ\)~ t)tl--\\ t\J. <5~ ~ ~ ~
~ \& C'fn~ 1 .f\-n o 4-hl A~o.. o{ lu.'a\r-(1 \e.
~Q+b = 2.[,
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'-= 6()- ~~=-I o ~


5
. '
AYe.a..-= .l
""2:.
x \-ex l L = 6o 0M 'L

~ ~ {\J\~~,~- f;\~51 ~ @~{ ~&\l~; ~ ~ 3Ift'*J


~~~ ~ ~~- a em~ .f!hc.ol -\hl- Areo c{ Tu hnD 1e_
-i:r c-"\~\~ b Cm *" m 61~.}\ H
~A
Htian At>:o .[ bL@,jl ~ 1b ~'), -= {l.i~o'l-
P\Yt.a. -= ~ X bOJ> e., X -N.i 8-ht

NOW Pw mei~
0.+- Q+J(} Q
::. :9. p
::: ~ p u~n~
OC~+ f2) =- t9- f IJ \,
L\.
O-= L p = f}(~-1}) r f'\.I:}L<.1h~ lrll_;-~J"
d+ Ji _J}: . 'V "\ ''-'\

(\ ~ (f)- Ji ) p
::-Eo.

.,
.. P-=- ~+J'l
a-
{J+;_D-)" [2>-~[l-] ::. ~+ 4 s-2.. (3-~JiJ ~ C1-+-2f1.-)(1-.1~
4 .,__
q-~
-
- I ').-
d-- --Cw\
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f\hw A\Jpl~ ~econ~ Ccnck\ion ~-1-l\'" b-4 1 L~~==- b-t'g-Tl -:::. bHS
Now b(_b~)-;:: (b-4)(.bt15)
~)4\>b ;:: #+1 I b -l.,o
6b-= {,c
b-= &o
0
co Bud~ e4 R.e..~ )Q ::. ~() tKV\ .

Le,~ ot Reo~Y'81e.. ::: ~ot-9 ::. :l<(Un .

t ~ A-te.A:: ~ ~ l..o =- S&o lw\)....


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~ d~,1~ ~ail i ~""'1 ~-' ~ ~-A ~ ~ som 61 ~, ~~ - Qf9
i)-rp; ""m!WJ
~ -J{~ ~ s ('~) ~ ~ fum ~ at ~-t-\~1 ~cl IJS ml- ~ 'LriiCII ~ n
-(;w --fu.e., 0\is-i~ te-~ and ?rt ecl-th .
1\!t= '3,,
,X D .;t..
-- flt2_
~.

~ ">l , 2- '}i_.,
NOW Ace. to w'veY~ C..On di!+fo Ill
c~X:tS)(l'X_-5) -== 3XlX-Jl S
6x1-- s){_- :l s -= 60- 11 s
S't= Clo
X=-1~
1) Lt>!. a IJA -=
'-"'~"
~X'~:: s Lf tw1 RW-4-l1 ';:- ~'l r~ ";_ 2,{, LwJ l
~ ~
~~ ~'?llNlr:\ 1~(1C~'111-~
"ffilR ~ ~ UCAM &t""G,I GifY ~~H.S-1~ 411 "ftut
I>& (' '\

l\lt\(1 djf
'Cwt ci,.H ~ fhn ~ ~ AYe. a. Lto~'~- &cq Cnt(il ~ t -t-(V\d -fh. Olfte.?tEYl(Q behut>Cl)
4 -H'V'I'\t ~ tt~ b"-e.d-1-n and ~ o{' Rt.actaY~'e__ .
.Q.b -=:. 1 ~0 (NY') ._
l ~+Y )( b -I) -::: l. b + 4 0 l-v-,
_tis -t Lf b-1 -- '-\ -= -V{+ 4 0
r lfb-_.Q -=- L(Lt ~

-::3 ~~1urt ~ fha:M A~ &scm'= ~m ~ d1r uf~1n4 1oem~ +lnd -fut AYeo.
et- ReouaN3 \e. .
.J-+ bL- ; s c} 0.'}_-t li-:: d. 5 ~
Q ...

~-+ b1..:::-- 62-G- Cvv


~Lu+b) ::. lo a.
~hWttcut
a+b -= ?>s cwt
(11-..f hl--=- 1-5 "L
U~\~ (Q_-tb)~=- <t--l-1}-+Wb J,b'l--+ \ ~,_-=- 2s'L
.'. d-Ob -= ~5 )1-_(l 5)L. lt cro -+ 2.1.S = b 2-- )

Qb
-=- 1'1-1..5-6 2.5
~ 6oo;2- -=- 'Jcol..w)
"}.. .
I ... : d~'-o
r~ ~D-o-t\5)
b::: 1 s
~10 [Sa:hSf;j]
0 ~ ~ "'~ 1!. ~ ~ ot="'r-1 ~ ~ ~ (\ -AYe"=- '2-t>1-ls" 1':1J&;r'-
G\.\.~\ A.~ '1lf1.\(la;\t ~~'"' ZB- -~ 0 , ~ :;\51c1~1 rs~rnJnun \ ~~.c~~ o8
ts- Sec. -1i t:tn:: ~- l)\\(fi ~ ~ u-\ 1~ ~ 6~ MI ni n ~ ~~ ~ .c\-}u.t ~ AA ~
(;ten ~ -Kn el +hL f\'1e..O... o\- +M. fiiZld . -
.c. . c ~ 18~4~>1 ..,5'1,: ~ ~ ~ M~ = '\,x rs 1~ m
~G{T~ ~~~ E1r ~ ~1-ll~~Jt
'b"l T1l1. ~
ll
-tr-R '.Jf'i I&- n -
- - \lm
f---tJ:J')_-=- ra')._ =- t4''q -trtr 4 -
.Q-th =-ll
~ '.")_b == (.!1)'l:.lqb= ~<&9-10~ = h. o 1.b==- ~::::-60~~
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q 1kb31fUfl Gti\ ~ s-t1J.. ~ ci-,\ ~~.Lt\r\ s ~.4 ~ l \./~ OU(~c-1 I '8 k-ml~ q,l)
~ ~ --...-rcB- !;L7 ~ 'blHh11~1J.. ~ ~ ~ 6-=t::t#~:t (~ ~9ll d~tfrJ --4\11
~ +lncl +h_o. f\.yc_ C\ e.-1 -A~Qd - ()
.Q.!b~ s-~y

'SX LU:
1
~
~ t SX=t y :( ) X3 == \ 8 X I ~ ~x_!! x \a9,6
6o - 1{1 -fr :: 5 l10
~u x.. ::. SL\ o r-----
X.-:::..lotn.
:~l L~-a-th (..t)-= Sl..-=- 5X lo.; So fl1
B9t~fh (b)~ \...\! -=- ~"X lo-=- Llo h1
AYeC\ =- .l~ 6:::: sc XlJ o ~ ~ooorn 2-- _
-::) q;i, :mu-rl ~ ~\ ;;\t_ ~ ~ d;\ ~~lllrl t'l ~~ "lhc. L~ 0{- C{
f<_et\t\cu-\.3\~ \s. L\ <;em f.t'n d -l\u, Aye.o c~) Rea Ua ~le .

~to.~r.ol: B~Q.d-fh -=-ll~'&


ITX. ~ x.,
1
- 8)[.
Now (!TX.)~=- ~s)J.+~:t)L
-
l ~n
1-=: ,_ "--1(.;
~~~X.')..<:::.
\/ I
L_o 2. S--t 61.0(1-
'-i S ~ I 5)( ?. 6-
"L
~~5 -X :: ~0 ~ s ~ho\qc~ _fll= I sl-+ 3 L {)(1\ 0

-~
Xl.-=' q
-
)::::: 6evn
L~ :=.
<!_1 o ),_"" Qsn)1.-f C't?JL

-
=o BAu +h-= 1?J< 1-=- ft Lu::--M
Aren..-= lts1.~4 ~ I08o Gvf1L
, us Sl )__ =- 4s )_if 1.~ 1..

A,ye-:.._-= ~SXl~

= to& o u/f\'L
~ ?AlU<1 ~ ~ ft~ --1 ~&1i bSCvn~ m~ ~ -ut~<il\4 \lccrn~ tfnd -t+q;:,
A--te.~ ct RrouuhJie .
.i?-4-h\ (;sL
'~'l..-\- b'l- ::.. lf 'l..l...S ?.,....-----?
, -

~(-tt b) ::: \10 ~/ 15"1.


~/- - )_~
J-tb:::. ~5 -.
Tlii. s--.::: !J(! ""' - -
~, .ib -= \! t- b)'L_ t1~ ~'L) ::: ~:5)'1:_ ~ LlS ~ho.'t\ct;\ 13't--:::: tl'L+ 51... <"':

8.- " - ([?1-s)\ ~2ts)'+(sts)L


::: 1~1S-Y22S
-'::-
a-
~ooo
8-
bS,_-:: bOLt 2.5_1.
AYe_a..:: 6o 'K 2 s--::.. lSoo Cm L-
-=- \ so-o~l-.
aJ0 o"t -::. o~Y\ b~
.b ~PlS t4~ ss-"dl },l ~ ' ~TlJ hbs- te
__
,- j )~~ '" ..vv o'P.~ 1.1~
.. oJ, o~ = ..D-Q-\ Y. )<-~ ~ o/" ss-a1 ..;.a 6' :. o 8- o a} -::: ltft>~
p--tl
rc g.o -==.let-t:~ 1 h -:: q-o ~
- s n~~Xh =-')
"X-rt. - xTl :: 9 __s
,, h ..lll :: q '"ItS Xh : : q
1.1? :::- q.(f C\10\~ ~-x ~q.x~
--xn~.xs, x=-n~s:::
1u =~o
aoj :~) ~
h J-,0-0}
?11711bS ~ OF!S . ~ -xs ~ x-
s-~-=~~
"J.:=.lornmbs ~ oj:)JS m
~~
)f'E YIC' "> ~Jo.,~~ 't-li.<lli. t_;E ~ _f!-SI';'- ~ J.>l1ll3; %? *' "t''(>,HL 0/.If(; ~ \l'lR. ~
__l_fQ I~~ ~ .I:1:U..lJ.; :Ll\2 _3_ T'\S/_!1_~ P!..vJ\!:l I!> l+Q tH--& J..)LvJ)CI~ J.::E_ Vtlm:. em ~-
J > ih 6~ ~ / h ~
--tt~..YJ h -g OJ -=---tC"'fd =- a"'CO nbs 19 o~J..\1
Wy _-e
J~- h9 =.1)
~) ~ :::. q 1+ 8 h . -:
'0~-=- 9 +0"

vh ::. ( 9+r)~
. . . ~
_ J~o.)J() 1.J:; r'-' DJ/?..\f 11.~ PU.\j- ~ 1fit5 T. J!t:.J -~ ~ ..1?171.11. r>(l,'- ~ ~UU-,
1
.t UA)d,r) 3!")\--0 -\f _ 1->Jlll ~ ~1~-.? ~~ J~ ~ ~ blH>f-~b L~ j)i1.11-f,. qoh ~
- \/WJ Ol -:=. '1tf'0\1} \.o.K) Ofc::. 0' 0 h-= Q~
og ~ 9+0
0 l -:::: CJ-~
0 I-=. ~ ::: 0 oa-oObj"-.::. '{ah -"t(qt-l}-:::. q~O MQ~
o o-g -=qi}'
s---e : :; qo--?c"t
s~ -::. qr-~'U
'1. WJS~ =-r_(.STj ~ ~~h~ tl oe>.J. V
\.A.t'JS I -:: -a~n'hs ~ of)S
h
- t<_.v)cJG =:.<itO' l6'G .. t.t.t-) s I :=; o 9 ~l) Q a
<.vo o9 -=:; un :::. (q+l)~
\Jh\K
'V/&@f)~l/ It;> lH-Pt)~ puo ~ 0\tt ptA,lj- ~~WJ s, -aJUoli.~JJ-}()_ ~ ~li.AI)~ ~ ~
. ' ~UIIt:~ ~ ~ l ~ UA)09 ~ ~ b_OO-* ~ ~ ~ bl\e'f~ ~ ~b ~ ~
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com ~
;~:3; l!clJcr.flC~urote), ~~~'~ 1%)~&-J ( Equ_; loJet q 11.--t--l'Ot"":-~ 1e J ~ -q:;;- G?lc!e ( c'tr-rl
'-./_ l1\ ~7\lrnc-t ~,~-,&,T~ , fr~"J ~- Ra_+,'o s.quQhe_. o\ f<ctdius e4 ~.tCLJ.Qt__ c9
~c\e, \.\J<.?-~1wcu .~i~e. aY'ld &tde df SC) UCLtc>. .

NOW Neaoi ~9l.(~~ k~o.~ {;q~kJu_q\T.u'Q'81e = Aie.oc4 ~~d~


a, : :
' "l- ~
""3
4
as ~ lt.X ::::. K LCohsknJ )
'2... f

De,J Q (::.I( I a{l.- = ~ ' J1'1..=- ~ -=- lL


E 'TL ' l-L
Now llA')_ c
...r\ -~
o.. l "}._ . a I1..
.:: I ~ Y l< k I y , I
}.::L
1
r-~
r

. - )._2-. Js ,
::: \~ : ~8 : 1213 h-1 .
~-\ lf~ C\NJt (ar$) m
Sqllme l~) ctll /\"f:'<\ Q-\.ltll.J_ ~ _(lf~1d -!he R~...t,t)
c~ 'Dt'o~e~tc_"" 0~ C\9tdE' Ovld ~Lde. c:1 \C)_uaJte
t\\ow A'fe.a. o1 u ,-(_f-e = A Y"eQ u-.t sq u cu.e. _ I ~ ~')..-= Ct'L
"1t 9-\). :- a 'L 2-.l.'X-'11--::- Q 1...
"1
I( lt)'l-::
.
Ql
')..
.J11._ r
llcl'L -;:. 4 a :=; k Q'L-:- l:t

dl).._- ,1(. =- ..J!:- ; Ql.= t JI_J1


- n. :n.. Tf Cl .,fil-.
d'l:a.,_= lrc: . ~J( .JL\ -~l( Pi
L1
k: -
-
J_ ,_,
12-' y
-,.;;.-
Ct. JIL
2.2~12 s!_ ~ ~Jl
a--
d : (\ "=- 5' ~ J'2 L JiL
:: 2..Ji : J2. 2. d : Q~ 2 F :J1J1,
; _ .z. fi :.fUil _jfL; : St'
Ji4 : J\1
~ ~ .;\U-\ctl~ll__ J),\1 ~ (F\~fs_ ift-t ..~s-& ~j4~1-: USh1 ~'\-( ~5 Yn ' S:W1 tm~
-...w,-ku.n.rv.)?tu'~~,,\.cJ ~. s~
--Pf\1 d Q.X
h1 -<-~ Jr.rcn ~ -A~ --Jtu An C\. ~
12-e> "'- d
-1-h.Q_ Ro l\ d . A1\ o
~ ~~ ~QJ d -:. ~ 5' t'YI ' ll.u.d +h e.t ftLQ d -=- ~ s f1
A-re_o.. ~ -At..Qd ~ 4 s x1- ~ ::: 1t ~ s-Wl"l 1.. , r----,----~

Now ~ o{ f-\Q.Q.d + ~o.d = ltS+lS t-2 Soy, . ;=


d-uJ-Jh o{ f.teJ'd + ROC\d-= ~S +2 5-t 2-5;: ~oM $o
A~e.a. o{ .fi'~J +-~ad~ So)(~o ~tsooh') YSt(\')
2 .f>q '

AYeo. G-/ Ro~d = tsoo - rr 1-s- = 3 7 5 N'l).. A4 . ,yo.'- J..'

Pu.i~a~ P..oa.J. =. ~(tt.s-t.Ls)-+ ..t (so+3b)


1\.to+lbo:: 3oow),
' ' l tM.- oo'-:::. a\ ~Q \ ~ 'OO ..r"i} ~vO't'P1
t'Vw'\v& S'l\M)i-1; ~0? IAO}fYOJ f~.Y} ~h!(J f"l~
-t UA 01.\lhl =-
c.> 9 QO
+ & ~ \11VJ ~ ro 'OOIJ.\1 .-
7tA-t oo9 ::.. o 1xo9 ::-'1(QGJ JI fc c~..~..y
L - __ ___.______._,_. - -
-c lM oo 8 ::: o I J\ 0 8 :: ~ '-\ 1 ~ '<10)..\j
LMlO(S '1-tud F-{) ua~v 1\tt P"'8- ~ IC>\\'D'-mq ~
YW.'- lr\-r-? ~ ~'. ~~l-) ~ ~ .~t.r:~--~ ~ VJ.t'2 hi}-~ ~n 1 wo, '*._ r:-:w
1
1~ r?-~. ~ 1_ ~V-A oJ ~ w o& . 1 ~ ~ <- ~~ .)\ ~0 ~ t:{t' r1 ttoiY\lJlt ':!:0 'r
1
Cf b!)({-q 1< ~ ~l J r--z;;~9+r)~~
~~____.,
l,l<,""- (~+o)ler+ ~-xif ~
U_ )(H ___J]
-cL4sLt, =SLXS :::: (S+s-c-tSJ,.)S ~
( S'tX\:+.S-c+Sh) s~X~ ~ f\?~ ro bcM\j \.fJ\1t
, U(s:c:::: ( S.5c~N.l.)1( ' lA.iSfY-<1 / '451')==~ ~B.d
.,
A.J r-c-:;~-~ q +lr) )< ~--~
,x q X JHf ;1C~-+(4+~)Jc~+ ~ =
1-
r q 0-?'"" ( J:-r+g)(1CC+'f} =- pu~ fo b"aJ..\j
XI r fo, .u2.U:9 . l n.1 \c ~) J
L;r.2it9 ~ p~o,lj- pb O(J ..!!.21:) ~ t>\ YJ L~ \'Oj- ~ ~s n ) t"'"l) \YO~~
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com
..-. lA( ~S 1' .S ~ s; I)( st, ~ '01-A\:j 4 ({A (\(1~ -= a1Xa~ ::.. b/.J.V
q r ~"[_
___.. -
as -= SJ + Sb . 0 .S -=. 01 ... O\
os ~'l+a
ool-=. (q +b")""C ::. bh
7 1~ 9 -tJ~~ to l'dfNAfhJ -::; Qlo"YlbS F nflWrtJ . c.d
,--..---..,., -----------
. J 1N b p tJ "~ .\Q ."J~.t\f < ~'(OllbS
)JJ.)V '"'0\fj- ojb'-tb(-)lJJii ~ ';) rMPiJd _:: o\1J
nb~ ~ k;}tJ\V. ~'''ad ~H- S:L
. 7~YlbS ~ YqfOvJ~J <. ?Jh-HJfJ~(j ~ n~,YnJ ~
8S hG) o.s
('-.+.Sz./1: :::d (S~o-c]1 ~ 11~J
q 9 T
'I o . - y-
()..{)( -=- h.l\ s (. o o { -=: 't Xo_s Q Cl' -::. s )(.Cl~
o oI ~ 9l C"lo N
' ~Oh =. OlXh ::o nrovJr"1J
'lA(oi-=D oal;o:-
fo bo.J..V =-( ~'Q) 'ilW'rlh3 .
t-iP oJX'f/ f61
n-un hs lv 'npwp~~JINot')oo-~
v"T'lt- .. a,C,-uJr)V~(i )~ vaJ.\f :: ()lun1s t-v vax.J ~t J:r
---------~------------- ------ ----.__ --------------- .\::;
~I
't1 4- ooot -= ~OS X ----ci1l t-- Q ooos
~0'-\~oooj
-W
o:>l~j_00QQ_5.:; ~1'1-::t+ ~1'!1.. 1 ~ 'og,).v
oo1~~X ool~ LM O"(J f:o loq).V ~ $d\fu. ~ 01'J
$
}~CD ifDtOJ.. tJ\.ft PlAij- ~Oil '5} 'd]flj_ v\JOl f-0 l-~ OJ
~ \ Z(; lVI~ lhllc~ ~Itt~ ~ wo~ol 2\!P- 1~\--J t'-':J'tl ~ ~---\J.J.-\)o't.. fu
~ ~ r-ttt.t? t ::2. wo-e r\\-5. wog ~~ ~-0 \ 1.-P ~ rlLP\Vh.H-t, %
mv- r\\?. \=-
i -\o- ('o ~ .)
t\, ~ v- ~
CJ I :: &-h~ :: 'dl f\_L ;)nit} ...
't.
&-=- h1 = a~R..L "h~
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com h--r =-en-os.=- ~l~ ~.nAfOu.ta(l
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com
~ ~ ~~~~I:Z ~ -i1 ei~t~ -ifl.z '---l\srr ~cHJ.I '. Jg hi ~~M~, ~ ~<._ w
-t-Wf it~~~ ~\&n...-1 ~\\~(S:_ d1f J]11 ~\ GHcn t rw:&~l 1;1~~ 6oo w?-- ~ I

Rt ~(\ ~ ~-nm auT ~ t


\)~\~ AYea. oi Road~ 2.M.. (.l+b-"-x.)

6oo -=- &i( ~-t-3l--.lX)


~~~i)-~-J
.
3oo &ef6 -=- ~>t(_10 - 2-X.)
~0~ '=: IOX:-2XL
~x:~--1o ){+3oo = o
y'l:_ ~SX'. -t- (So =0
(_tt-?, o) (X-5) ==-o
Xi- ~ o 0.9-\ X-= s-
: 39-te.cJ +h ~ Pa.!h-=- s YY\
'3r
Delcil\ --- .. . l)( . -- \
Area o.j faa d -;~ n~j--t:~~-1-lt) (?, L-Lll)J I i
.

-lI ~- 1);-, ) X~2}~- --I1(J '"s 4


"1 l

6o o ~ ~~2.- ~ + lGX + b4X -y )t_L I- ..


X
)l .

600 I 41)
- -l-J( - J
L
-=-
,
J{ - Lf ){_ L
L~----
)( -lf"K+ I St> ::::-o

X..:: ~ r X -/3 1>

: of P~::- Sh'l
B~+n
~ -qa;- ~ ~ ~ ~ scm ~ ClJ.t furr c;:n--Q ~ ~a1'\ ~M ~ ~eM
~ ttuT GHQ lhn~ AYeA DeQ..eOJe.. b.!J C\t-V"()L. ~:t Wf{ ~ ci\- ~:v-W"\
~w ?c;tff (..1\li m -..\\stS. ffi, m cJCn'\ ~ fl;Hl m~ ~-\1 A:req_ Tho-tec..\t
b~ 6 l -h'nd f-he. ~1--l'oJ! L~~
CV'AL Q Y\d fS.tQd+h
Now 1- & Gt<tt h .q
.lb- (J.-s)(bt3) = Cj (J +~ ) (b+l-) --R b ::- 61
'

..tb- .eb -31 + S b .+ Is-= g .lb;YU--t3b + l,-<J. ~ 61

~1 -5 b =- 6 - (1) , "1+3 b -=- ~I -1L


~t&-\-\pt~i~ ~t.t.o11o-T b~ 3 O.hel :tl f~ S OV\d adc:U~ ~
<1Jl-l'l" = 18
to .0. -ysh ~ 3o5
rq .Q ~ ~ 23

II 31'1
A::: -- - 11 &...,. ~'- b-::- l')(ht?>b::: G/
I 'T -
b::-q~,
J
~b~ 2.7
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com
-Sho .M cw ! -t fto W\ <!VHoVts . (
=====-- ' -
~) rs-,ro I Q\1 \~L ~- 1 n,~ ~ 2J/ l

l:: 11M b= q'W)


Ar-e.~::: I l'X 'I -:::: 153 h) 'L

-Now 1--s:::. fl- s-=- f1P1 , b+~ = q+~=I2M -c~PJ-(1 Col'ldr'-hot~J


Ar.e_c...-= l2XIi. = 1~4h'll
AY"e.A.. Dif,fe-t ~e_ ~ t s 3,- 14 t.t ::- q ""~ 1--
SClh'sf4 Con ~:.lfo'Yl .

t._a,,ae.s~ 1\"3 \e__ ~ o. Pol~ ~e""' is \l mOY1e. -f~n ~c I\\let Cl.(Je of ct ~ l


0
-:\ Th.t
~ 1\"'61 e. fJ{ Pol~ g eh 'I..f --\hQ__ L<t-~ Je s~ A~ le.. iS l2o0 -h'n d tJ~ , c4 S1cl p _

~e..g.( A~le. ==- l1-o 0


AVUCltl e Su h1 -:: (lh- 1.) )( t go ~ '() = 1\to. &.( S,de ~.
f\\.ow (_'Y)-l) 'J( 1i o +I 2.. ::: 12o o
Yl

Ccn-l)'(t~ -:-- ~ ~) ~ n-lo ,.. 3 'YJ


'Y)
1--Y\-::: ro
Yl-== s-
N~x-4 >"' t~na-h, 6~ ~cr)e 01<- ~Li tr JrE~r5
... ,..-...... ---- ---- ---- --
---
- ~-;

----------------------~-------- ~------

~~ F-fY{>e_ -=- 2_ fUL y__ Y) - \.

f~- ~~
_ __ n-:::: _No ~L-~~ ~o Y1 __ j

<?-~' T-f iht Diaw-l_n ~ i-N Pllll~ rs \O SCvn Qnd


1 -1:.. ~i ~- .( ,( cl y. l s ~ .ff cl -t'h.Q t\1 0 , 6-~ KDkd-t' 0 h
ty) Y)

L~ o-\ f!-ol' e. ::: ~ 1bl YV} !>=: Jo s ew, :=. los


- th,
rr ~3 Jo 'X'l o l)
.Q-X ~X ~ X -Y) ~ 2...415 31 = Jos
::1-- .{--t9 X I~ '(.1,.. 1XIOVX'l.. ~
..::J,...-- ~

'?, '0 X 'Y) -=- 2.4 1 5


us
'n~ ~'115 =
~
15
'3.
No of Ro-HlrfoN -= IS"
.

r~~-=~~~"~
-..__ ........ ~ .. -- ........ ____
1
....
;
'>~~~ ~ lo~~) ~~~~ ~JVJ~~~ .:~j
' -~ -- ---- -- ~- ._ -- -- ----~~
~- - ---.
--...,........_=-+-~
b IJ W,YiHX o~~ fo "'~~flad ~
1}'J h = 1.l-J t-1.\7 t-1pt1.t) -:;;;.
( I~ _fi> gill ~) ~"V aJYJ}-m~ \b~f0'1 '
---- - --- --- ------------- --- -----~.
~
r: ( ~) ''d<fOJ ( \\J
.-

__----------- ....... --------- ~--"-...,..- '\....
..
- ........__ -----_______.-
(_(........<N+t1q-+qo)~:: v~s~'
~)
ll-1 ~ + L1re + 'lo~ = --}
( J-0011<:'{, lli2 n5 l.QEfr) bo.J..V oJv,t-ms ~q_I_ t-
J
r-~~~)4~ =- ~ ) 1
Ltq"E+Lfo"C =
(I~ _l!:e ~ ~) -frJJ..y o)0Jln'S l D~f01 ~
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~~ ift So,ve.. ~ Numl W Deno.
~ t~ > x~ll ~ 1:f.;i; ~~ ~ Cance\ iJ- ~ Ji,-t - ~ -:: ~'
Y~.a J?: - 2-.fi t J;4J ~J
Q\ll)~\1 \
~~ o.s\n~-b~ctl 0.'1-_f_ - bX Ji_
H H 0 (b~e.C<S)= 3-- \=t'V1d ~~
t ;- ~\n&
l+~~<Q
a c;.\nm +'t>CO'\tO -::-
c~ec.~-=- ~ ~!.
o~.f.-t J?X11
H tT" f> I

~ Q P-bB /<__:...:..}(_ _
: 0 ~-=-- ~ ,_1.-_,c ":- .r; L
-J..\ a fltb13 ."- J- .+- stnct> ~ + l-

tQnc9 t+~<J =- I t-+ f1


~~ -=- E-~---' ~ r~~-~t-~
T

~P.-t~~ I J\-J?, '-\-?;, ~.s'


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Sin<9 +-C~ (\') ~ S
ID lt Sines> = Q~ b1.. J:.\'nd -kmCil
{.!3)
- ------ , 1=\'Yid -+on{Q.
sin~-U-)Q) 3
O~bl-

s\'n~ ~ _e_ ~ Q~ b'l. ~sin(\)-+ 6~ m -=- ssi~ - sc~~


H ~ ~ s.\Y) rn = ~ ~co ,. ~fncp _%
.~~--

B =- ~(_<X~bl.)L.-l<11:_b'l-)l_ +oY) (0 -=- LJ ~


= ~O..'Lb 2~ -=- d.ab S.J)'){J) - ~(1)

U"-t ) c~m -= ]_
s 1=1'nd

00
0 +onm = . _ a_~ bL, ~tahCO
~- ~Qb ~m=- l1 - ~
~-s
~Q) Co~::.l r=t'nd
~
P-=- ~SL.-?JL ~ j d. 5-9 =Lt
~~~ ..._ =..2 ~ 0 S(nm-~~ ll -3
- ~--\-Qnro
-
0
p '8 -::. ~~ ._I_ X 3
&:>< _y_ ~o8
:. Q+Sinal) (t -S.lY)G) ) t- Sirh:l' c~'-(t) "6 - 3
(1+~ l(I-C~CD) I -QHl~ l6o
Sin1..c.o l(rs) ~~ -=L And 1-Co~L-~
= ~1..G) . n :}-s,n~

. ~ 0 ) hln~-= 0.
-::_ (J

f=i'~d
~ \ J'L~
<;in<D+ c~cr
'"""
6Y ~. I C:~-H~= B
- -_ -
p
I
.r~
.. H =- ~ '?:,-t I = ?.,

c; lh(Jl- (t!J~[\1 o \-Co~~ sit,}-~ (~)L


b
OCI
Pw sin&-= ct ( ~~ ::::=. b ~-Stn1.CD
---
& -.Sl ()L6)
-

~- ( s.:)<L
:. S.i'Y)(] + W~ _ Q+b
CZ> \ Y) ~ - c~ 111 - a.- b -= }_ X K -= ]
!-t '8-3 s-
~\) -tun@-=:2.. HYld ~S.ih~ + i.Co1dl
li .
6Sin~ -~Col)\,)/
1!'. U6 ) t~nm ~4I o::c t=tfld Sin<D-t ~CR
Pt.U- S\hQ-=- 3 , ~~ = Lt
-tQ\y"- t! ~ --;::;
._ ~"'
==t ~S\n&+ ~~~ ~ )( '2> + ~X 4
Ul -

~ s,, nro - ac~~~ = ~ x~ - 2..1- L1 '::. t 8 : H -= ~ 1 ~ 2-+ l'L = JG2s -=. il 5


\+ Sin<D -T ~CO>.>c.D Sin(\')-+ c~~cn-= _f_ -+ ... :: ~y
8
l2-) C&l- (])-= .1_ 1=1Y!d o ;) +l
'-1 ., H '""' ~s ~s
\-~SinO 4-C~Gl
=:l!. A~ .
Not.V 1+ Sil'I<D + ~~ ~ 1+- ...E.+ ~~
~s
-:::: h H {J"l) SinO)~ .Q_ Rnd Se.C(!)+ +emo
. r-a sin~+ c~~~ b
\-~X p + ~
___ h T-f $e(1) +.J.uY\CO _ .L -+ sln<O . = f+Sinw
= H+ P-+~~- - em(!) ~<I> .~
Cr.!2l {'
1-t-~P+B
------ ::. \+-S\n n
- --- \ t Sfn <0
__:.-~

' wro-:::. ~ 1.., -


- pB ~ l-S\YJLC9. ~ ...1 (l +Si"~) (I ~sjr')Q)
.: .. \-\-=. 4Lil.t. 6'1. = s \+si-n~
--:--
J-SITI~
. . t+ SiY\~ + ~ (@<!,) g + L\ --t-d.'l-3
~
1-~~in~-+ ~<S! -~X 4 + 3 ~-
S :=
~Jbt11
---
lS
c
_
~
oo ~IT
b
- b-Q.
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com

IDW,)-t- OJV.~S+
(}J~t(i)U.IS -\ o "

9
~=- ~ - b~ ,;.:. ~ = ~oi. rt1-c._t :::.\-\
~ -hX~ ~~~ -~U-)<3L J:1' '0
-+------ 0~:: (\ =- G)U\J.r
~~ -\-hX't = al~~ +\UU~'5t. ~
t: ~ (i){(i) / h -=. ~\). }'"S fnd
"OJ\~J(;\ -IDU~S ~
IP~
UJ<{ti)J~ + ~u~s~
-~ I I =- ()).uf5l.
~UO+ \1 :=:.\PU~<;;.

(5) '-"bt 'e + Q)lA }SCC, -=- \i) U ot b - OJV\,l S '}


'2. u lJ~~ \- U> \J ~~ )
I))
J(.'r) (}) ~) pu!=J -T -= ~'-'Dt~ -~u~s~ tr~)
\ -=-tX \1 -=- OL\Ot ~:
h ~ r ~~
1--i'l...\1 ~ lJi =-{)Ut>t 1)\ "' ~
-/.11_1-t)) 1~ "'t x&-, thll9 \ r:;; ~~bl = IDu.~~ n
"t )<')\-"J.)C.~ '\- \ -t-1.1.9\ i =: ~!N"J \') t- ~ ~ ~ S9 = ~ XtU;) S \ -IDU.IS Oi
~_cx:n) ;U-t--c.~n) f =-J .: $. OJ\~)~ -\;- t\)U\~ <(..

'tl -=. JC-'n t' ::: (S)\~1(.- ()) U.l s ~ ( ot;j


1-t \ -tl:J.. n =- 'D)o'S

iDUt:Jt +{JJd'S
.
PLA.\:1
l..h
T+X :=. <S))o~ cs~ ~*~ r =
<L
. ~"V.i:t-
.:=. IJ)C"--b\
,-.; h=. \))I..A,I<) P"U
::..t d\-\ =- \S>Ll~S " ...
iJ~+ ()U~':)
~ ::: I -\- <t. I -:. l-\ ())~")- \DU~$ ::;
ca 1
d ~- <y =[) UOJ-- ~UJS. + G:>"~
I -.
\)) (.)Ot
l= - ,. C(. =- ~U.ot
a> ~J <(. ::.. <D \.Abf
1::t
T.,
ID ~) '(l - (\)UOt ~ = \1) ~") + ~U.t>+
ro K'>) - mLiot ~r~
b" -=- [)~)-tWot \.h'}
t-::.
--Lk. _hx.~ +(.<t.)'G - s :::.
o:>~C(. -HllU;\S'e - \
ID)dW) -1- ID)o5
.1'( l - h+ <(.- lS )~ aJ~-\-~U.IS-~ ~~
Jl ) J\tiD - ID Yas

. ~\J s -- (l)<AQ.t
T
~ LA\S S = crl\GJJ
h 'U
s ~ H-=- \)))as ().) U ~S + ID\~~ =ID U \S l\ - ~~. \=;.
GMI)CC, + \DU \S '8 - I "
<D~ -tG>U.lS -'
P~~ '~ -=o_ <D "1<l) \W (l}LAot pu\j <DU,IS +- ().)\~)~ -=- (S)u~sn- ~mt; t8~J
'
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.&t) ~\'\"\~ + ln-:!1(\) ~ ~ h.nd Si'Yllt<9- Q~L! <.0 (f) -k\n<Q~ ~ 1=\nd ~StY'CO
- si~-~~ 1-o G.bb- SIY12-(]
'1':,\-n~~ 3t~.M~:::. S.\nm+ ~~ to"n~ -:: . \2.. =- _E._
\3 16 H::. ~ lll.y + f6q
ca.s \Y) ~ .= \.\ ((IJ..~ d)
~ ij31~
WV'\~ = !, ~ .1. ..
\ fb ~sm<n g)_X 12..
~
-
~ -= c-J ')_1. -\- J'l- ~ .[5 ~t.~-S\'n~ ~1'!>
a"., S\'1\~(S)-C.004co =- (rs)U.- (?!;)U.
U~ \1--
31~
J
(-~\'L
MJ
~ \6 I - 4!; - 3
~ s- ~s - 3-5 - s
= --
~y

~
1\ ~\'?:>
1~~ -lll4

~'if) ~ ~\n~- ~CQ -::


1 = ~Lt T3\?l ~.
H'fld ~ Cl :lS
~GH s.\nl\1
~men c~ C.\)
~~ ) fa'Y\ crl =- _!_?: Hnd
~:.1'nf.Sl-~m =- ~<1)+ .S\nc.o \.: 13 ~2.<!)-- S~n:~.co

<D(n~ -=- ~c~~ , ~~ ... r 'inCD= ~ ~~-=~


SinC.O -~ E\c,
~~ =-- l ~o\3
:).
a ~S\ n CD Me.Q ~'X ~~ X\:.?,
~

C(!).....,'l{S)- S1~1...(S) '2>1 1


~<) ~ ..ton(tl-=- ..1 +-I'Y)d '8 Sh1~ + s OD\cD
- Si'n~~ -~~c~9~ +~~)CD t6q-\~l..t

~ ton~-=!.- p !,\!,
I - 6 f H= 411.-\-11.:: J5 = '2.X\1X 13x m _ 1\ .;} ~ _
S\nm =~ f ~~ -::. _1
~ 85 - a.s
..rs .rs 2
03) sec<S>:: .!.J. J=t'nd %-l.ls,n cp
.. ~ S\n~ + '5~<l) ~XL -t ~ 'B lt G4Ltn -3
Sh-i)~ + ~CM~ +3~ep
rs rs
cacm-
:::>~
\l
~-
- 1:L
8
r-~ \')-t t1 r~.,;2,~ 2- u.o-

\JS) \.-X~J .Js


! . P:.::. .J 11'2._g):: = J1).5 -=- I5
= ~I
- C~<D-::. j_ S\YI<D-:;; ..12_
.Js -=- ~ x-s-.1:5 \1 / 11
_51- -+ ~ -\-2-- ..rs &5
?, ~ Ll ~In l.CI>
s .rs S" .rs- J5 :s ::.
~-~(~)L..
-:::~M ll~'l~- 3
~~ec.\:~- Set~ s ~ L~ )1.- ~
",So) -krn ro :::
'-' '
1-1
...,jl
.(i'nd
~ec.'l.a> + SetL~ = ?,(rn'L- u.tts1L.
..L. --~- q l~)l.. ~( ll)'l.
es.~e CGI -Sec <ll
:1
-=- b \n1-o CO-">'-&
-
.
~ ~ I I - ~bi-C\0 ~ -- 33
~e.2-c.g ...t See; S\n'-(]+ ~._o (}.Sb-8,1 -= ~~\1 - 6\jfh_.
':::. ~~-Siv\1.(\)
. 1
(3ll) Sec(l) -= .. HOd '6Sl'~m - L\ 5\r:)~<D
~1.-(9~.S\'Y\ ~ \A
4~~(9~ 3~J0
:::: (..Ft)l.- \2.. - ~ _1_ ~e.J.~ ~ ~ -=- H
- ~- Lj t.t 13
:. P::: f"J.S-)6 :::: 3
~ -3 /'. ' -- ~~
1
11
-::;,\}') ~ -- I...Y.)(!)
" / .....J
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-r---- -,-:::;
L a:lUOf 1-{J
{)\.-\\Ji-1
-- ------.
h
I - <(-'1 -l
L - f+tJ - h 00
<["+1

,n-1:s. .l =-J :
a :::.
1i s\' =~))()<) o:
\DU \:) t - 1 11
-----~
ill UD!---t I pu ':::1
.
-5 c= ~Jac
~
r\ L~.)

tj))a\'V)-[)~,UD-t-t- uuot- =- \D);J\~J~~uot +~u~s ~JoS (Yl\lN


~
'=:J =: \D)~~ ,- ~ -=- I t-h t -: . \-{
I
lf -: . ij)U(}f
IDJa~- ~UDt -r OJU'S &})oS pu.\j . ~-:: {))~D+ ( !)~J

_ ~~"(? t- Q)V.,IS S
9 - 0{..
I-- (D~~-~\t~S S ;
S
ns =- ~\.\'0+
h =~\.lP+S.
ID~J' t- &)U)'S S
0;::; h- !S)U\)t S Sf.
~~:J~-())u,rs s
t--v l-lh
L\1 - =-
: :-. ( SL-h?Jh
( 1:1 -S1.) b
51)( l-)l(); -~~X ll
(ilJ~> <t.l~l \-) . \D<:(~- ID.'\_r'))) #.

lb' ':\n -.STXb C{(~J n -1xt; lD<(_V..\Sn-~u~~t o, ~


yoursmahboob.wordpress.com

, ,RIG NOME TRY L'Pt\r- If J


1>oo \.1'5o Goo f qoo
00 I
1/"L lf.B. I r-3/L I I
~'"' {S) 0
I t I ';L I 0
!3)2- 'I .1'2-
:0~;:,([) I
I tI .ro r rs I o()
on co 0
I
~e<:ID Ci() 2- r'l- I 'l.f.[3 I I

Sec ro I r-"'J._ 2._ 00


2- I f1>
col:. d) oO 1 [3 I \ ,, J3
f D
_L

f="t'Y)d +tw VALUE OF ~ --? (:i 1) Lll Sin'-\ 6 +Co-":\'-' 5o 0 J


0
- 3 (-4ovf-6oc- 1<1~ l\S J 0
~-----------------

ll \ Sin \..1 S 0 . Stn 3o0 + ~":> ll S C~\)c 0 -t- S C~":.l.4S 0


-::. .L _I -\- ..L . n, _ i+ f3
'1..
._\.l
).__ " .
J'l- -.;;. - ~J::L. ~ ~c(~)\ c~)1- 3 rcr3 ):.. (1\"J+'S[A)
"I ) = r3.~+~
r.
.
S I 'h 6oc

~
I . j_
(~\ ~c.f + (&':l
0
6 c .Srn

= ly +1'-I ::: ~-
.

1
<:~, o c
.: . . l1 [_9_-+ ~]
\b lb
-~ [3~\ 1 1 4

~ ~ 4-
- ..\.t'X'~ ~ ~ G+ ...?__ - ~- b +2..
i t'i ) ~lrf.3o 0 -+ 'S\ n ~ 4 S0 -+ Sf d 6u~ -.\- S(fl l...q oc ~ d- - d.. :l.
~2.
-=- ~ )1.-t l } f- + (!;_ ),_ _ -! (_I) 1..
'l-
- ~-I
~ -
=-- +. + j_ + 2_ + f = I+ 1. t ;+y -=- \ o-;_?:
.., )__. Lt y 4 "- '
~
JV) ~S(n1.3o0 -
1.
~c~ '-t S 0 + -+anl.. 6o 0
(_VU) l.\ l S\Y\'-\ ~o c + ~1..6 o0 j -3 (Ce-\1-\.\SD- S1i-qb)
-SI'n1-6o 0
==- ~ ( ~ yl - '3 ( ;:L) 1. + lf)')~
- L-1..+3 -=: l-3---lt; _ ~
:: y ~ )~ + ()__)1.. J -3 [ l)-2..)\.- tj- [1JL
~ :;.. ~ -;;:::cj
=\. .\ rL.L + .1 ]
\6 ""
-~ [....L-
~
,lJ . 2-
\I) ~~~).. 6lf ~'I..V.S 0
--t- L\ tonl'3o 0
+- k S.\'(l~qo 0 Lt

+ .} c~")__ C\ ~P ---+ ..L Cs!P}-o c = -4-'J. s + '3 - 1 _ S+ 6-3


~u ~ ~ '-t
~ '-t
- fJ...)'l..(..L\'l... 4-'--\(J_\'1.4--_!_ X(l))+-d,_{()\\Lttf
\:::;).. J""~' nJ ~ ,:)...4
- ~ -=- ~A~ -
- _, +-~+1 +l- '6t~l.tll..-t-J
.' ~ ~ ;). Lt - .!) 4

- ~ -~
~ '-1 - o(,
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com
_ ~-wv~u~ ~ . 1\tH:\
(l) 1(_C@.-\1 4 sD-t4cm)_Go 0
) - (; (c;,n
2
LI5- +cnf-1~()) ~s\n~ ~ i ~nd. \lojue ~-r CD
2
.!1.
(!i) ~ L C~\4 6o0 -t S\YI4 3o 0
) - (iavf6cP + (t\~ :-sd')
.. . t.
1
-r 3 S.ec1. ?,o C\ :::';> .S\n~ =- ~
~1\ 6o 0
+ Ll,
0
~l.L1S +3 SE'C 30-t 5 C<9~~Clo 0
) -\-ah

~)eC 3o 0
+ Sec 6o~- (~t l ~o
-:=) S\ n ~ :: S1n ~o
8-
' t)
[~'(I ~01)::: ~ J
(1\r) ~ . ~erGo~~ __ "S<;inqo 0
I ~ ~ 'boQ ~) l (S)-=- ()c 0 {
(ti')CC '?:> oo t CO-ttt S n ~
~CCb.~ o<1
I
I ..16 Sin(\) :: C~~m 1-\y')d \foJue Df (\)
Av~
(nn
. 1 J
(i 1" ~};')\ Crd] - b [l~3- I
[::"?>s.\n~-=- c.~~ ro

f ~ \n~ - -' ~ -\-QYI CD ~ -'


~6,) ..J:? .r~
~ [~ ~ ~J - ~- - '3]
-
b[

~-[ll - &-[ !-!']


-fQn~::: tQ.?.>o 0 .'. ~~()l
(t\ -1-Qn ~ = S\Y\ ll s~ c~, ll S 0 -+ si., ~ o() PY\c ~
~ l-1 =6
--kln~-= Sin4 s.O. ~~so..\- s\Yt "3o 0
\.1: i ) ..\ ~ ((~ ) ~ + ( 1)~ J - (?, + f ) -1- 'S )( ~ ::= .L . - ' 4- ~'- -=') .L +-l -=- I
.
.r'l- r'2... 2.. )._ ..L

!! d. (--'
lb
-\-J_)
if>
- ~ -\- '1 -to..Yl~ :=. l ~ -faYI <9-:=. +on Lt s o
::. ~X~ :-:: _I @"~-sj
-+6~ LJ I..J

01i ) cr~ i\ 4 ( }, ) '-n ( ~ )"'- t s ( 0) ~3-tah'l.~ =- i_-+ }')_ ~2-


a.+ ~ - (J1 )l-~ f3. +on2.es> .::. 1)....-+ .i
l... -::. 1

::: '2> + ~ t-~


- q A-~ .
.fi -k\ 'n 2~ ::: (
--+an2~-=- k '9 -k.\Y)l.m-= +an'3o o
hr -4 _t_ -+ :1 - S l<' I ~ '2m-=- 'Jo 0
~ ~
\
r~~tsi]
:::. 1._-+~ -.s _ -s_s ~ ~~l\_1:::: (~ 6o~(b!6o0 -t $\Y){,o0 .Sfn jo0 .ftr,~ ~
"'- I 2--- .;t ,)...-=-0
~\~~=- ~1(Gl-1o )
8

f_: U p,s'tn 1.!. -of sI'f) J\ c~~ g -...


-= C&CA-n_) 1
==t CG'>~~ = ~ ~00
~ID -=- 3o e
t~~ IS() J
Nn:.~~\?C ~..-:)
"-------

St~'Y) ( A+G, ).=-1 srn( A-~) "":1 -PiYJd A


).. CVJI:! g
Sin(A+ ~~ ~t I sin(A-e.) :=..1
.2...
hitt(l\.+0):: SiY1~~ 0
s\n(A-f!>)=.~in3o
0
I
0
~ A+~= 9o 0 A:;:::6D
~ A-/B :::. 3t:o-o :, ~,.9o-'o-:3vo
_,-,,_::i .0.-r_""
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7 -\-(\ Yl ( A-1'1) =_I I -\-o.YI cA+e.) =E ~'-r1 d '".:::) -\-an(A-~)-=-L I ~Yl(Atffi-= J1 +incl A<:\)'b! -
J?,
P.o.;,~ ..B ~ G

-1-aYlCf\-fl:J i = A -h'{) CA-t?,)-=


A-f!J='3.oe
-ta.n 3 o 0

-t-QY\ (A:-~)=- +o."' ~o -o -l-cfY)(At-t?..) =--faY) 6o-o


1'\-8: ?>or;)- I At-1.1=boo
-laY\ cF\+ ~ 1-=- n A+rp =- 'o o
(}
--k\ Y1 ( A+ I!,l-=- -ttA 'Y1 ()o
A-=- 3
Atf1 -=- w -IT. ?-A =- qo1:1
At~ ~ 6o 0 A::::.. '45 , 11-=- 15" 0
0
A.../P.:> = ?:,o
Ned T~J\?e ~--4

~A-=-qo 0
~ A=- \.t Sl!> C&\<D- SiYICO \-J3. .
<; () ::::) -:::. -AYld (D
() o I.Y=- Go -Lt $ =- 1 so 1 &MS} +Srnro 1+ .J3
::) S\YJ(f\-1!>1= ~ ,~CA+g)=i_ -hY1d Aa.Yldl1l,A\>'I'\~h~ CtHfl~ona.ndo ond Oht1d.i'~o Rt.Je....
Gs\~-~f\C.O -+ ~CH~a> \ - ~ + 1t- J3
S(Y) t A--e:, ') :-=- --k: Gi<S>-TS\Yl~ -A~ -s,))<t> ~ A- n-A- r~
('. , (\
-:)\Y\(A-g,)-= S\v1~0 ~CCI~~ ~.
" \ -
A--G::: ;;0 -- T i -~~ s\ nco = :t-.-&n
G.~(Atr~) -.:c .. L
;1....
c
I eM m =- .L
fi
G.-t ~ ::: Gt.~ b0 '0
W(At&')-= 0-?:16o
CD-=- GC) c
A+f?. ==-(,{lo-U::
OR
A+e/= Go
0

C,~(tl ~ Sf-n CD I - J?,


A-~-::::?:,ov
~~-+ S\'ndl I+ J3,
-;LA::::goL' A=-lJS 0
=.) \- -1-Q Yl ql 1-J~
. . r:, = Go~ 4. -s (0 -:= Is o 1-+ +o.nC2. I+ E
=:\
$\"() CA-'t'l e.l:: J? ~ l A-t Y r:))= ~ tint-l CovnpC\!l\.1'~ Bo-+h Sid -c.
Jl
A C\n~ 11, -kl Yl<D --=- ~
= -tan 6 o -o
S\Yi CA+. Q,)~ di -l-aYl6)
;!. ~ = 6D 0 M .
S\Yl (A-t~~)=- s\n {,o ~ -::.) SlY\~=~\~ Hnd &~n~-+ Sin).~-\
0
A-t2..fb '!::.. b(!) -L. ~ s. in ~-=- (J!).') m
~(A+40J--:;!.. o ~in~ -=:.I ~ --\-an~ ~I
~~C A+l..lt:;) = 6-') qo~ ~(!)

~ --\on~= $-e.\>\ t.ts o


(!\

A+IJ.. e. -.: . c-1o - rr


(1)=US~
!f+L\13. -==- q
/A+?-f!>-;::.
0 0

()o
0 :e & t-ov)>-(} -\- s\nl..~--1
-- - =- ;). -te.n1.4S 0-\- S\1).,_,4 S~ I
J3-::: ~
0
?..&-:: 3o - ~ t \ ) -t t I 2..+.l,. ~ l
- u- 1f' J-,_ - \ .....)
).. .
. A~qo-'LiliS o )-::.. qo-6o
/Qo 0
~ '--Hl-1 - '3 A-.1.
~ -.).. ~
-=='3oC'
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C. ~~s ~J sh+ 09
.sol~~ -e
=fi-r+"-+ .'>;-.R.Jr.'IJ
1JI. PUb 1I. ~.\-11\l \1
[osh -=-'I)J ~ Qob -:::. &!
0 0~-\- \)0'{. :: y-f(+ ~ +-f-?1 +'P

JL ~U\:>;t. ~ ~~'\1 \;-


JIT- 01 s h :::.; <it ~ >o +h

o ShLHJt :::.. {<() ->-+~LA()t-


1 -=; \ <tJ- }o-\-). ) LA 'D--\-
\
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I oCl ~ ~) -:::; ()o -Jt..+<{J) <~

'l l -= ()o -~ -\~ j \~)

[ OQ~ ~~] f
I
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o G":) -;::.on~ I - ~0&\-:::;; 9 o "L_ !:A)$ -=. ( .-t- 'tl +~) lA. .~ ~
-c
( 0~L') \--~~s) -o 0 8l~ T=().-'1) +co)u.,cs
() -t 'tl) o 0 gl =\j ""QN ...R.. 's 1~ pu~t L= ( <il -~+-.f) UD+.

[ Q fit';) ~J) \ =: ( >o-t.+"i) --J ~V)


'(';;::, 1+1
I ~ := C~-9 +~) lA.)S E--
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o s h-oo S1 ~) + 7/- )1-- ') + ~ +fl ( o) bl '\<UJ + <o) bt'JaS ::::. Ol bl~ -t robl :> ~s .
-n - T Cv.,\.fJ l:l"1tC\ n<.) 0 O="' >,JI

r f-e
<-) s -=-

SO\ :;.c'tl~
~ 1
0

"so)= )9-.t.>+<V +}~ca*-'h


-:ill.. ~ V\ '0 JI. ~Yr ~ \-. t
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JTI- oo'Y = V-J+'1t
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'(; ~ tv-J+CCJ)) as aObo:; ID
-=ri-os h =o"),-9 +Y
Q Om :>a~~ =1i>)d~"') J o0 b I.A,\5 ::. ~~t.U!<.)
o 5. h LAYJ }- ~ tJ -<tl-+ \1) U.j?.f
1 ~ (J-tt+V) o.ot I-=. IDl:>a~ v-= 0'-~'S t=nd
I- 0 o8J = ") + t:J. +-\1 <1\6(}~~ +~b bU}~ pLA.tj b:::. U) l.)d<\IDJ + OJLl~,lS' \=
'J ru \:1 'V \J vtr.
. "-V ..1 :::.
S
"7
\.
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1:.. )-=.
"J pUD " 1\f flU~
~=:l \1-1 +'ll) )aS a s ti 't );:)'\6'() -\-0 Sl')"( U! s -= &c?o~QJ)+ ~~S' ~II
I ~(.)-CO 4\1 ) u ot
o2>h:::-~

c
o
~ L~ ~ ;L = )o ~ lo e oSL
o s 11 -r 0t.. -::. ~- -1-;( + .t-'ii t-)Q
0
)o
"J'Uti \J \) ~
oSt) fO) = (. FQ)
I -:::.
1

ij)
o <; h lA bt-:: ID V.\d\- .-
f'>)
b' -==. ~f"')
.J l =\\)LA 'Ot

+ ~Ubt
f'1J
~ON

lii fU.b T. ~.tpPV l),':) o'\"(Y;) + (hU.)S pu~:-r ~ =- Ol\-'>D + 1]\A\J-t r


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l... Trn po.;._ttl. vct J
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l'R I GLN 0 t,I'L~TR Y L,'t'rud- nr "j
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~ (J~.le>10~CQ) :::: +onm
'Ia I~~ d1q~e_
Qnd
$i 0Y) Cha.~e.
ia)l~#Cil Ct9-MSI{ Sec Q'
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+V' +ve &~e c (.~1 0 -(tl) = - Se eel)

'2-1 o 0 [C..'fltl"'\8 (] ~=--1


r~c~ :--J Add Sus CUt. to C.off~e (o~<\jSeCCP
0
~iYl('Llo -t-C.O)-:: -C~~~
~ -lr
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~~ -::----:v
[CO:t~ ~~ 1~e. c +,re., ~!:.t&.lb~Co)::: ~\n(l)

~
t\lue a~
AII+Ve -\O'rlll Cll
~ve. <:f) \l 1!- ~ v e...
tC\Yl (~:\o +etU=o:
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CP.,~ r sh' t3~ot!l- ~) == - s-~Yl co
Co.t (q6t;__~}o:: ffin <:9 cU qoo J
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0
+'\IC_ -\-QY)(~r,o\)~ Ct) __ -\q \"\(I) C-M~~e
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Cc_~(3{:,tP~~)~ -CA..tCO Bt..d 5; 10VJ,
2nd CY.uadJ-tertl ~~ Se_c C36o0 -CQ) ::: <;e c d' C~ ~~
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\YI /~eeq~ r- ~ c.~e.cC'3>God)-0) =- -c~~eccQ


-+ve.. =>IYl(Qo+<S))::: C(t;>..)(Si
&-~ (qo0-+ ~)~ - S(r"\ 0 I~ t (}ti.O dJt e_n._1 .
<;\n(~6o+ro)~
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f>Wl S'' All q,ln({)
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G d 13VJ ~~('.~6J'-+CQ)::. rum

~
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Post't1ve_
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cl9:\-('3bo~ +<PJ::. c~ co c-t\.Q t\ij ~ ]
Ylcl muo.d.Jteni
'"'""'--------------"'... -
:-7 ~e((36Jl+Co):::: be_c~
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0
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o Bt.t!
0
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-t-Qn('3Go.oxn -\-m)-:= +an<O
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c~ '?>bo ~'A -t m) -::-
0
Cht (]
~

~Ylt I ~.:>\Yl t 1'60+ ~) = - ~ \n<o Se..c (~Go 6


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t
o(-f\Q~e_ o.l v-------......_---------------
-\c. Yl c1~ 0()-\- <l)~ --\" tq Y1 Q) ~ob f!tk\ ..{{Y)cl -\-ho v~u.e <'~ +o Howf~ ~-i
CM (l&o~-+m)-==- Cet~ 5."1 ~ n ChQ~e.
0

~c.c ~~o-+G.) ~ ..-~E.t~ ~iYlll-oc =- S.in (~o +3o~)


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~
~~~oo-= ~l ~o~+ 30)
=--Sin ~ o
0
::: "'1
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. "Y-\f 0 -=.
' <)..\f V +- : : : (l \J~lA)'S--J--::: \ .

ol Yo~~:> -ol't. )Q.\()0 ~ ( 0 o9--()a9) U!S- ~


( 1 (; - 0 0 l:J) )cD
0
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obS);yS' -oi'S )11~ \:-- ' ~ 1- : :;.
-(
Q0.9
(.
,l))J- -~
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( "8h-0 ob)U~5 a8h W) ~ ~ \ c..-n -==- ( cPc \-') "~.J \=
Go
0

, W 3J -=-Qo<J U.b+ + -:::.


(q,o ~ U.b+ ~)-:=
(llo 9 0 og\) U.b+- =
(il> -Qos )~-;) (~-oS)~ Qcna Ll.bt-- -::::. (0 ()71-)u,nt-
- 0
\-..:..
[( 4) -t-"ol)) - 00b)~ -(<DbOh)lA!$' ~ c
~".\;/ ~- -
jool<d
o
0
b::::: IU-os +- OJ+-ah CV'()\\1 o o9 uy:) - -==

( D--,ps ) 'Lil) (oC19-()08\) uy)-::;:


' - ( :))-+oOh) U._\)--
.
(- 0 Q (: I u. ~ s- ~ L.() ( I .J l_,q:) T
o-z9 uot g.._(.I,P10\!0j- fv ."1\IY\)/\. ~-!- f1\.~~
Co&"o)Ubf- U)::>~'\w:)- ~ ( ro-j Jd~Q
<iC~ LA 0{- C:O ;)'O-S ~( ~-).)o~

ID -fO) - :::. ( 1SJ ...:.j -\-&.)


I-:::. ..,o~ O)UQt-- -=-(.~--') UQi-
~OS~-Q)
OJ~ -:=. (~-)~OJ

())u~s- ~CID-)lA,\~

( \:v\ '0 f:' oQd_ WI) ~ \11w ,;;

;_"'-LI'll1\\0j- ]"1 ;1)\\J)\ It\l t>tHj~. ) ')I ''l:~ )>J\J


ua\J -
oq U,\\) J'.] d/',-\-
~ .J\ +- J)tD)j\D\.JOf-
CCJ 'f\J) ' v U\Jl ~ p-o \ ~)S J")) ::>S I ':\l\~J ./~J
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,-.. ')'l r-.- 0 ---+----+----
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g ") d~ =- 'd Jd) d.l\~-
(1) ;~..) J(A IS
<ri'W:> ~ V UJS VUdl-f
<'ii~OJ ~
~ 0 oL'G- ~~~
e:u-li1b)U\S>
0 '
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'SH1 a.,o
'8' =. o 0 'J U.!S

v --; 0 lv '= \:1 I 0 0 b ~CCI +'\I 0')0{\l ( oo'3 +- S. ,XQ9J l.<!'S - .:l 0~&\ Ut)
1:1 <;;6JJ V L\!) ~: Joo\.f~
-e
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(0 o~ 0 o&l) U.,IS-:;:.
0 OL:l V..!S ::;

Co 0 1:1 +,.)OCJ<{,)LA,I'S -= ,:>o~hUIS


l-t01:U__ --e '
. ~0->'!'f}
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[ aJ{hA\1 h:l'l~ dw"d! gwojj G' 11 1J ; 1J +V } .\ ( oo ~ +-,p9 '0) <A~') -=0~n: Y! L-'Js
. aC\h_Lf.)CCN
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./>~
a~v.ot'IC 0oLlAot 'i. 0 ot_f"O) 'X. 0 ot~ ~
h
5::. T+l
h
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IY '()
e
n8V..bt ~ oOLlAbtX. (ooL-ob)UD\- xC.o&-.
v
.5J~)U.'Ot
~ ~
~
I-::. t ~l:h)fA}S + (Gl-\-8h) 'l'-'lS (.Y)~N o 0 3lt'Ol- Y.. .,OL Ubt Y.. o-[U.'O-j-:1. "l
u a o
um.
~~
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1: -=- -11 -=- ~ v (0)+ 0\..~) fO~ (~;>+~;V=iJ) I.A'Gf- ~

~ ~ s Ul\Ca~ -1Q ON d\QH ( ~ + as -\)o'o") \-~ (~D -t--t<G. )u \7\- ~


[C.o.r&s)- 0 ob) fO:> (~+~b)V.'O-J- ~
c ~'(- ~u.v
11 ~ \1~~ ~ !:h
@ -ap~ ;\} cJ ~ ""G .~ 2:!:2 ap,l.l\!0 'C
~ ~ sv.1~. u-~->r(J- f;; ~~ i;tJ:o
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(lD-8S) UOf- (~+~<(.) ~A..bt- ~
I -= 0 ol-) -f'OJ 0 ol,U.bf- (;::
SIA.tlQL. -fg. 0\'J 1-f? -~ o)qltlo;x_5 ~ -o<tfl.L ft? 0 b-::: os-to~ c;J oS -,pl>) f\)J 00 h IAb-J- F
~=-1+1 ; (.)os V.\.J-t-aP\1\ADt- ~
I ~ 0 8tl'tU,IS + a~hfA) S
\ -=-ol.S'Lu_!S t-J~.up:3 01 oN =:;
ffi\liJ) IDU.,I<;).
o..-c 3_c()IS +-0 8h-zu,\S-\- l:hl.LA IS +-0 ~\..U\S
0
~
C~:~.; 0 ob)I.A'Ot
\ -=- "'t>8c_lJ.,\S \-o 0 8-u\~ ~---

b)ll,\~ (I)J-~Ob)'\\'0) (-=.


0 o~U.lS t"' (0 o\-00b)~~ 00
( i))

o02> .........UIS t- 0 0\-?U.\$ J. l . wo-;::;


\ L I JOO~

1= L)w8r_U_IS -~- 0 0! ,(l)'3 0- ( \b +-s 9j ;a~.) - <. Q1t5 ~ )::>d ~u) e-


'-

I -= I I \ -::.. ~([l-Sl)-00bJ Jo~OJ -(t0t-S.')~J <-:--; \f'O\u<J


0:::;. ~U.\1 o.c~
Lt+oru) -f-0.> (g+ol.) fi'l.) ()o+-oi) OJ-
( -t.+ol(.) Ub~ (5J \- O't) U'rJ+l)otOl) L\bf- ~ "olo : : :; \D-':SL.+- Q)+-S9 (;")ON
( \D- S C;') _)d) - ( Q> 1-S ~) );}\,'i)) (;:::
(.~-o9) tH>t X l1_1--QL) U.t>}- { )o----vS,)UDt
~.;::;I+ I ~
ot:) Llot- 'J.. \ l{HO~ )UO\- \ ')o +CH) U.'Gt
( .Q. -\--
. o a!) ~.Soo "> ~) +- oUS ~n.) 0 oS :>a<;) ~
l::::IX.\ = (,oc;- ob) ')as o l1 WJ + (0 oS -;o b)V.!<Ji ~os ')aS (.;:::-
0 0

o.SL f<O)( QoLf\D - - ' I 0 0~ l.J..O+ Xli'St_UQj- l:::; ,_,'."JS) a W) 00h~ + 0 0\UIS 0 oS ')'dS ~

0 SL~1 --XoS~fn)X 0 o-g~x. ~S\~J


. 0-=-\-J-::::.
I ::::. l -- -1-X.\)\.\-= aS<tU,\'SoS.'t.l\~- oS~i.VJ 0 S.UI<s
QS~L\btX (oc;~-0b)~Jo<?.'b\~ -(o~S-ob)~J 0 <;'i;LtiS
0
o!IA\3t .~ ~ - - )(0 o& ~"):X 0 S. a \oQJ (;:;:. , 'CfO
~ r\( 0-=. oab~") -::;. {oSt-0 SS)~ 00':)

~s.s: ~) (oS<D~5>'J -o~SLA}Sas't:LA.~S ~

0 \:,~ V..b-t )l
0 -::.. Q\ a. 8 \ ~~) -t- 0 l; U.A.IS) ~
o-~&l\o+-- "aS~~ot-- )( 0 8$V') X0 b&fi:D::: ( 0 <:LU}S -0?:LLA.~~JC. o31\w)+-q<.LV.\S).::::
o ~ R )-Q'J = ol V. 'o}- (
0~l.00b) "~ - 0 \L\.q~) (o8 \ ~) t-0-cLct}<')~-
0 b 5 f''J ~ .,i v.et ~
. (a&\ <i.W)- ol.LIA\S} Co2 I~) +GJ'C L1A.BJ ()~
c}u&U.'ef' - - - X 0 C(.lAG\- 'Y.. ~I: U )J t- X 0 1U.'of
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( ID h-\p b) )o CS :=.. m. "JoS ~


~ h'Jd~w-) ~ ~n.J aS
(;-()
o S.l = 9I ob -=- ())
0 ofu ~ OJ\t-\-\l>6 l-~ t'fO~'S
a; IQ J\1~'0/\ il'H ~U.IJ - 61pas
U>liJJ\w)- t:r.. s
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[?gl ~~J (o81~~ s 1 --=- <; UA1oj_ \->:> ~\'l


-
.s.
a-Ob =.. ~_s. 0 o.g 1 :i) I - f"~S\ 1 ~~+QO\~~ ~
---r_ -c.
aOb -= ~ \):) C(. QOb ~ ~~ TI-l lt =- 6& -= NV
0 (l b -=::. (jJ c:c. + \))'f ( a>q,- Gb)\Abt-=- ~Ubt
11 b3- -=- sw "'.l. ~~ .() \'1
O) \>lJ ~an UbJ-
~~nQ
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(~ G>l:(. :::. [))
GQ~=-U)l
GOb:::.IS)~
b -=- G>'b
o0
oO b =.<D-e +0 ID ~ -oob -=- IS) ~
0 ob o\-tonb(} ( m(;l~<lb)u~s ::: ~u~s \=
fnd pliO IS)~ pl\O
~X"9 ::;~U~S
(l) "t+O) PPVI-{f"0 l1S l~o(\
VJ

--~---- - --~---- - 1-oo r_tcqs i"QQI r~.I..,\S l -


~ ~ oct~L. \---r.aN
I
. -{f

Ll :_ u.. ~b=\tS&::: l-rll _


; f"J =( <,;;\:1 ) L<.Dt -l 91 =1-UJ o
0
b1.UJS+[j
-.::
-::.~

; )ao
00
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Ll ~ ~"-4 1 ~~ fO.()\'~ .-

I llcr\H-b G)\-6J -~~15 ~?


"3
II.J -= ~ u1, s d r'.s .!fli_ 1~~ 1\ el;ll\2 ~~
~ <-V -e
D!i1QJ C...r"'roWI)j ~ )U.\1 u~ ( )+1J) ~
~~ ES> .~ s- H 1 'tlll 'A ~rru1 ~!S
-I~\ b&~1 <;+ .9~~~s-- +-oc;h_tu~ 5 -- +-og~t((if)+-Qb&-l'~ ~
-- \ <a -1- \:1 J iJ. !<.> 0
+- al'"(V.,\5 +-oil~\<,;
~--~Ob }~ '8~\1 Ju~ 3
a bgt\1.;5 t- -- -
( :;. (
'i:Ji4!
J f ~5 l\-tQ'if l1Q (l)U~~ b~\~ll_

-c. -~
L b& ::.u.
-:J -o 0 b - <;J-H::I (:;: \- u +1-= b~ \1-1 h ::::;
G''
-g - ~ I (1-U.}+ I -=--bBJ bg ::: SV.\j
Ht-~)+0-::~
-ov31 - t.t-t\f
-:J
~IS()
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~
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-J=r.
-:::. (h+):.)
r a i-e~
~

oOb-=-6)l'\
l
: :. cvj
o o b -:= (fl-t -s:ln
~~-Gob =- [) \=
o Clb ~ (Ci+X) t (f\+J".\., 010N ( ~"Q\1b) Ll!S :::.
[c.~+-X) UU!J+ m<t,~ ~~\A\S
pU,U [C.~-\-X) 'f) YO) ~ ( h -\--X') LA.\S \:---" I

ID~~~
[Otc~~ J 0 9~1 ==- ());) I-::; --.- ~u \S
o o b ::: 0 9 .- \P + (})S }::: ~t. )d~ ~LUS I

OJ f>U,lj I::::: ( v9 t \D) riDJ X wS [OJ 0- h


: :; Oib -:::..{)
fo hh =-<i'J] a6<Ll =~t 00\J -::. \S)~ t-~

o o b ~ o""t h -\)) -\- '6}~ I=~,-') as- ~L'~S ~

Co-z h -w J J ~<tGJ = [)c.x~s ~ [ og.l =-~J 0 0\o -=- ~


h
aob =- ID~ -t-~~
<Jb ==. ~

0 9b ~ I.D\-) 0 PUkf I:::: rlYtUlJ\- !S>1 Ut>t-~


oot -=: UJ o 0 b ::=.. U>~
JJ ~ -illa b -= <:.))
UJ PU..lj- ( 0 9~~) ~o) =- \Dt' u~S <:-
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It
5 -
_.b_-c
l +-1 C
- ~~1-
aO?.
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ob;::;. IS>u
'Q,
u)'e f\>)
sIX h-,.V"t'J +~J .Xt,1.U)S : : ;. I 0 0 b -=- Gn+~ I = - , . O)U.Ot-
(j) n-{fD + IDt.:'tU )<) tJ I ::. O)lW::>t (5) LA Of I -=-Or<: YJJ t OJ lAOt
vSI =0 .
.I
-fYo~~ l~1 ~d C<IQ\'J

Q SL -;ob ::. ~ Q) fO Jt1 fO)\ iJ',tj- p \.A ,1-;)- \ ::::: \l)l,lt b l-- ~ L~\:ll-
(;-~ ()qfu.T~
Q o b .:: (S) ~ o~ ~o S \J +-a>~ CVl ON
[_(!01 =-<D)~ 009 =-~t>
[) h~.\OJ -t- G)t 'tt(IS
)('-(} Ob --=.. 0 O"'+ ~
1..
PU.'-,t- ( tn- o) W) .:: (0 Sh+~()U.\S ~
( OJt? - 0 0b) U)~ ::. ( 0 0t+~) IP}S.
l. ~
L9 = Si -:::: ~ I ~to.Q
Q-
1
o S ~I -=-G.)~
Go1: : : CS)Jii)o9 =: ())L

o ob S h- G)-\-Q)
Q o t _. (\)~ +-oO~
0
(D pU. ~ {}:) 'G '\1) ::::. ( oo<i:+G)) U_l<)
Q) f>U.~ ( oS h-\V) \~:::. U1 U)S ~ ,

CD :::: 0 SJX<a Uot ~ Q>Ubt


[Qc;&~~
0 ShUbt a!JQ

oS& -:: (S) ~


0 S l -::: ~/e~ob -=- I;))
Q a b == ID+~s
0 0 lo -:: : {)}~ -- s ~ + 0~ -~
p1)f'604S ~~'5~ MON I 'o I<\'MO;x3 ')no 1"a \(.lc u \\ w
J
Q'\1\l..Q;, c:;,. \ ~
: v-toa

\D t LAO-\- f>U.\::1 l = 61 toJ IDS tq) 1::;- '


~ pulj- ( ~-s~) Y~'60) ...:. (L)o~---m))C>S
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..: ~., [2l"t-tY i] ~
r-r A+e,-=- Cj o
-kn1 ~x_ ~ (!))
... ...
(I

.:::: -\a \'l L\ so::: I A"'-! . findJ:rqn-f\ta~B+4~VJAi:~le _ s,r?e


..-) --h:\YiCX:+~) -\onCY-LJ) ~ I f1'Y1d -lo.nx 0 s \1', A se. c. e c~~ '2.f\
Now X:\~-\")(-~~ q oo N,ow f\+~~c,o 0 :. 0
(1"::Cto-A
.~.:~--=:: q C0 "f= \_J S D
. ~

-fqyy)l = -lonYS~-=---1
.. I -{-Qn A ~n(q8-A)-+ -fan A Co.~ ( qoo-A) s' t.f.~~
_ ''h,_qe
C&-~ 2 11
-) ~"f- Sin~ C\.Y"ld Co4 ("X:-~oc) = ionlSo-~)
-h'nd X and ~
_____ S:in A $-e((Ctoo_ A)
____,,...._
fa VI A Co--* A+ ta.Yl A
________
;CtVl A
------ --
0 -~~tA
l\\ot.O X-\- 'j.:::. 9 o - T
0
<;i'Yl A CO-':> e:. c A C~'-A-
l't--\.\o)-t (So- 1~:1)-::. qo -II..

')(-\- \j
'X. -lj-::: ~o~-lL

=- q 0 '()
~-r I+ -fqn 1 -A -
1
_,
'X--~ -=-- ~0 0
~1:. = 11 o o X -== ~s o
- J Y+ fC\Ylt.A ~-( ~ ~--\Qvi1 A
\..1 C ~ o_ So
=- -\qYJ A .
~' v-=-- \0 -o 5 -
i \' /\ t i1_, - ~"!n (
- ) ~in( ;:r<:h,) -- Cf>'') ( ')/:j 1 :c.) \' i~ ~ti f+':J
((,l~_l S\"Atc~r~"'""(i:~A;;inl~-- it~i)J\ 1crti11)
~Y-n + slj-+ ..3"b ~ Cf o 0
-\- ~ ec t A Cot 1 1~
~(X-t~)-= qo~

[JC -~ ~ = 6 0 1
' . 0
Sm(A+r,)- tQnA ta.n(qu-A)
NeX:l . 10 p-e ~ -1 -+ Sec.lr\- C~(qo~A)
~------

tnd +h.Q. \fql V.. [Sin A~H!. -t Ceo-\ A ~in.B


c{ <;{Yio!
s =- sin<A. + {] J]
NoLO ~ S\~ C,oo- +qV\ A e:o.+ A_ ~Sec11\ --km~~
\X+ rn d~o~ Cl 0 '-Jf .Jr i

'X+ffi =- qo 0 I - I ...t- J :=.- 1


'\X=- qo~~ I\ J-\-t ~ ~ l1 o0 -A'n~
(\-~in A)(,-C(]~ 1 A)(\+(~~ 2 B) C l+~on 2 ~)
1
Ta.k.\ ~ ~\n ~Y1 Bo\-\ S1d ~
<;;incl.= ~\n(C\0-~) ::: CsA'LA.. <;i n2 A C&-':1 ec.'L &.. Sec 1"8
~.
~\'flat-= ~dl '=-
'?>
-
'5 le~~-=Q.
L' H s =1] = ~~lA s.t'r1\t\ c;e_c1 A U9-~et 21\
A

-. ~intt <~- J
- I M
T{- A-ti1-:-Clu -h'fx.\ se2A -~--~ecL~-Sc(_ll\ X~('(Lij
0

=) Se.~ A+ Me.rA - Seer;. A ~ tc.'l..A


['.SeL'lS~ ~et,_(qo...t.;
~) __!_,_ + _,- - I :=..(D~ecJ-A ~
~(ri.LA ~1..~ ...- rn_~-rA f.\f\~
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J ,ro . \~! 1\1'12 it'\~. i C I II') t:,. 1 r'~.;.J )
Str?-A-t fA'l-A \,l ' ( '1-- .'-:.;n
. 11.,,,. -) <",~_-- t_. 2.,''-r- . f'~

\ . . -.- ... .I

S \r?-A- eq t-1\ S\'n1-A ~LA


-=- Cb~'l.~. se cl-CQ [ : f- s iY1'1-o = G't{[) J
t
- -L . s~- (
- S\nl.A 0-Jl-A <; 1'n1--A ~-'\..A - S~d> - .::::

-=- t-L =0 @ Co~\S) + I -= p


1'-tC'cr-t'~ .
....::) St rYl.@ = & Co~ CD +in CD
==:) (b>,~-+ ( ==- ~1(9 + _,__
S\ n 1.m -=- &Co~ ({) .. I+Co~2c:P ~ec\Q
-=) ~<;(nro~::: &C~&-$ 7 w\D + S\'()1-(()

S1nC9 = \ -=-I
Sinro ::-.sIn c1 o0 @ Co\\~ (H- -lC\)')'1_~) = ?
Co)>~ ( l..J- -fCi Y)'L(t) )
{~~cto 0 { "1.
... ~ ~2co. ~ec~ ::; ~~-ckw
----) s\ 112..~ = 'i1 <:,(nCO -8nd CD
=-I
-~ ~Sin rocogco ~ ~ sinco @ ent'~--~'.-- .7' (
Sm'2~ .
Co~(Q :::: I 1
CoJ CU - I 1
...-:) (o) 2-m-coo E' c2cr
c~ (j) = co..~ oo . ~1Yi (S)
-= --l'(C~)Pc 2(t). CO::t 2ro)
{GJ =- 0 c')
= -J~-
---i (l~(A-IS) =i. 1 <j''ll(A+r]) =_L (~') U-t--ta\')~) (I+ s ln0) ( 1-s, \'l(Q )
. l L-

~fnd AC\nd fLy ~.\h AClv1d ~ aJ-te@ ' =(l+to.nt.c:u) (t+s,nm) (\-c;,n~ ~
::::. Se.2-& - Cl-s!'YI~~
<;{n (A+~ ) =- l_
2,.. -= Sec2.<S.) C~cf) ;:::.. 1
~ lYl ( A t- ~) -::: S i n ~ o n
(6)(\+Co,{~)(\ ~ ~l\(ll)(\+((Qj('Q)
Sin (1-\+&) = S\"0(\~o~\'So.o) -\
__, ( t- c~'l ro)
~e.cl~
~fY) (1\t~)::. S\n IS oo
~ <:mec \..\J , St nL & :=: I )'"' I

A+lb- lSo 0 -I En +an~ - t ~(


I Ql)l~ .
~ . (e.)~A~I)) ::_ . C&-\ ~o u
. ~ 1
A-f!::::.. Go 0
-- rr_ -') -fQYl~- sec1 co ==---1 (s.e c &-+a Y\ 'al )
-:=. - l ~.
A.-tB:::. {So 0
0
A-&::: Go

'lA =>1-t oo {A.; to s CJ


0
?; 0 (!.-;:: f50 -J 0 'SO=. L! $()

~=ltS 0 J
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\.( <lJ t9J -\- ~)J~tU J :;;


O)U.JS ~ <D-r.~-~
(
'?.. ill'<~+l) <,( 0)0\""'J+i) <.:-
(JJ WJ -1- I [)XJV)-l
OJ~)tl X UH~J H ~
~w~-t
\,(.~)~'OJ t (ly)-a~O)J F ~ \~:J -t \
\ -::~.\o- I) ~
r
...,\ o
OUbt-- 9O)o<;)"\
>I
=
t..C 11)\A'Ol-ID:ros) ~ '). H (f
0U,IS+I NU)S+-l
G+I - 0

<::. - H ct
::.. 'S H \ I ~ -=;=-, 0
0 u
\S -I U1 U,IS-1 -= S H1
I ::= o + \ :::o ~ u:ot t-o o J -a~ ~
o o:::: Gl PIJ 'ttO
())\.AOt+0)o';) . S'l-l(j
G'( (\) u \Jt- - ~J'dS) -::..
~~ _ 0 ClU,lS-I

\ == ~ - oOU,I<;t\ ~ ) H l ( lD\-GD ~ ~ ~,~


l. rou~s-t) ~ C6)u !~--1) :::
0 0 =~ fDd (1~ ())1U)S-\
-----
5-H 21 -= J)L\\Jt- + \D.)d~ ~ !DU~.IJ-~w (i\_U~~ ~I =- '-t(\SJU)S-IJ-=.

u)~() l!><fJJ ( OJ~0J . :\ (OJU,IS-\)( Q)U.~S+l) QJU.IS+I


~-
0)U\5 -\- ~, -:: /{:'\ (}JU !'S+ IJ ( 0 U,IS-l) l (.}) U,IS-I)
.

IS)U,I<":)- I
I

S H "'1
\DU!5+\ ~u~s-1 \llU,IStl
t \ tDUDt- (J) )-a'S) ::: Q)UI,S-1
OJ uy:~H X ())U~S+\ oAD~c.l (_ ~

Q)fOJ t-q:))aW) = t)JUIS (\)U,I$


(J)~ t- (:::;
~..1::-U,\S
~

( <D~t\) ~ -
cr:Jt \tV::>-l
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com
-7~ ~ ~ec4(!) -se c'-m -~> -l-a n4ro + -k1Yl2-co
)+Sin~
+ -'l~fYl
---=--~ ~ .& sec'l.<D

=) _1_;----:....1__
l-- HS "= Sec~C9 -sec1-co
I+S.In~ I+SIYI~ ~ ~ec\D(&ec~-1)
:::) 1-Sin CP + I -t SlY\ CO (l-t +a r?rn ) +an'lCD
=
~
1-SI'n'l-CQ (JM2<.{) =- -ktn~ + +crn4CD -=- ~H s .,
~ ~&eel-~. ~) ( <;\nffi +U,)e Cro)~-+ (c~~ ffi + ~e r(!) f-
-4 Q~\~
t-<;lnt9
-t ~H~__
1-+Stn<9
~ ;} <;.ecC\) tr::i
~-s
~ l ++arr<l\ t cc~-\L~
=4 ~~~ + c~~(J} ~ ~~(~+~ i (sin~+~e_CC\'!)'l--r (c0~@+ ~ecaJ)'L
l--s(ndl !+SinO \I SIYlO l+~n1f-::} S.in1<!>-+ ili)e2--~ + Q..Sin<D CDJeCCD -+ c~?-(J)
-==- ~(0 ( I+S.~(Q +1-Sl'Yl..WJ + s.e2~ -+ :i~ ~eccp
l-s.cn-zLQ =- Slnb+ G-~~-\" dl -t- ~eC(l)t .se~((l-
~GWol -+~ I
- d,<;e..cCD
~::t:.(j)
~I-t&+~+- \-\:(~~+ i+-+On1cp
-) c;.,'n<li + c;rn(\1 ~ J.Ctt!~t?cCQ
1-C~\~ \ -t CC\\\CU -:=. l + +on'L<!l + c~l..ro :=: R I-\~ .
~ Sin(\)
(l-C~(O + i--+ C~)Gl
I - \
)
---) (~\ nc.~ -\ <) (' ccJ ~~~- + ( Cc:M, c(t. + c~ '.1 ~ )
';l

. =-(I+Secc('C~~rrC\' 9
9 S1;Yl<Q (1+ c~ro t-1-C~ )
\- ~~t.c.o k H:s (S1'Y1~+secco J~+ (rueon -t ~co) 1
~ d.~. '
.SI'n::r-'(f)
-= ~~ecCQ , =- ( j_ -+ sec<.O )~ + ca,~ec()) +._1- ,1~
~ec~ sera }
C&\eC~ -C~tCD )'1- :~ l-(~)~_
-? (
LH-s
l-t ((!I~CQ =- (t+ <;{c<!l c~e'"1'f-t ( ~CCD\'2-
c~ec P SecCQ J
~ (_J_ - ~ \?._
~inro SlnCQ)
'7_
= (I+S.ec<!l Cl9~e.cco ?- [1
L~ec '-~
+ \
s.ecltP
l
~ (t-c~cn~ (J-c~co)
sirfa - 1-~1-ctJ ~cr+ seem c~e(cp) L [~in~ -+ ((g~-\l l
=-lt-~CO)(I-~
l_l+l)Q> )(1~~)
-=- Q+S.eccD c~1e ceo )1...
~ 1-MCQ -=- 4<: ws -
~ lS1nm -SCCD 'f + (0-~d) -C(!)~e C'(12) L
l-\- ~Cl> ~ ~- Se CCV (~~e C' CO J:L
~ l:H' ~
~ s''n eo- ~sl_"~cP -/
~ .,,.,
,.\_~nm
&cw-i:>ro ~ te!B&
( ~ -Sec~\~+
l&~er~ J
(_!__
seclD
-Cb\eQQJ- 1._

s. \n~- a~~n~<Q
~H.s -=
~ (~-\ 3(_\) -~ct>
~ ( 1- Sec~ ~ecco \'L.+ ( r - ~ecro Sec~ JL
\ c.c~ecm \ secCD
sln ro ( 1- ~s. ln~lt! )
Lru~ec."'iY
==
-:.r 1-.Se c CS> C01~ ec CQ ) 'l ~,.,.. + 1
ec2-(o -:1 -
c~ll ( ac..o?>~ --1) ~ 5 .J _
2
== $jn<Q (C!9!>'-~ -~1 ~ ~Y\LQ ==-~~Set.:'~ ~e CeQ f- [i J ~ Q- ~ C~ C~.)ecCO)
co~(!) ( c~~ ~<SI7. 1 n (I) -~
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com

5-H ~ :::: 0 +
CI -:::. +~ ;\ ~ ~J_0)-JJ(J.)\.(0-{--e+~~t~l..U.b-tt'-
~ '-;1 ~);_;Jc~(Vu.D+'l_f-:::.
+ OJU.IJt
0 0~t- 0 0U,IS ' ~
0 o Cvj ca.~! s + 0 o ro -r-\)a.<t:o~s ~ oo : : ; mm0
,_, y -c + ~ 1 f'\1J T- IDr.u:ot- "'L ~
S\-t~:::.SH:-'1
~ l ~ ID-rW'J i- \ + G\U'Dt +\ J -=.

Q)~QJfttl,IS + ID~'92LL,lS -- ' ::::. ID::t? ac;~J -t ~as ~ s 11 ,1 ~


(l)~m")~l<.:.
ll>~IDWS+ .~ \;1.1"" J G.'J t~ + G> LA'Ot-::: g,?d~''D-r ~:=>oS / (~
. ( OV{){))U ~~- [J-r_~")t(P1U ~S) (d) ~}SJ :
S\-tCf =SHl \ .
U) Cb:>J ,. i;i)V.} ~

~\J J !l}U. l_'S + (}>~~) -t- Q)<LU ,l<o


\Q r--v h::. c"? ~\ tg) -r-<. -B') --=-

0
s 'n '{'J. a~ 0 s h 1~Ja<;;
S \-1 'tJ -:::. S . H 1
h==:-c+l-T-\ ,::::

0 = (~- -liA\ll- 'e + os~\:C) +o5h~Dt- :::. ~\11


0 Sh :::-~f'Od
I + ~ l.j \ +-c...1 T~ 91
c ~-t) c: c
+ \-~ng .:;. Q)[J,HfVJ. <U?a~ _

I~ S~JClS)
(
U'
~~~~ J < + (\~) \ =
( 1+-' Sll\.l\v
'\

-
~
[ ~Y') (l)U~SJ
l ~u~~
~ ~.,) ~j ~
:= =

( l:snu~~ oSh-(d51- 1-:h)~~ q':>\l~J=-S-\1i (of(r.)()U,ISl_t<DU\5 ~~\


a Q l. (!l>~)t-6).UIS.} -\ (})~) -\--\Pl-US')-=-
Q Sh =\)) fY!J ~ . Ql"" 't 't . ~\ OJ bJJ + ~~ =

_ 'V -=- (lt--wJc<;;) (l+crlU\')J ) OJ~ Gl\A'O\-' ~ ~u.ot- ~


{}J{f'D -t
0
\~ \
-
~+ ~"lf"J)+~__,.Ub--f- - -
v sHI
~:)a' ~J ~?a<; --=- {;' + m{~--m + ~ 'Dt
s.H~ = ~~J -IS\Uot (=
( ~J1.Y0 -) IV-z? as -t- G>~,uo.t- ~ f9J
<D-r_t"WJ- \- CDf'O-t+l ~
( I l- !DJdS) (It- 'lJV,IS)
ID,?a~- ~)o<.:i ~: lJtu ics - ~L~J -=
(l)"t~') Dt_U.}<.) _ ~~~U!S
(p1~J ~U}~ ~
6:>--t~ {l)'t U>S
tD-r\'l:O- IJ>'1UIS ~
ID'1V.) 6)U}S
5 H Ct -=--- S H 1 ro~ mu,ts;
~.) ~
1; =- I+ l ~ (j)s 11 t-'J) +-0 s t)U.\J\- - 'S H. if ---
Q)U)S
[)~ ') - Q)UI'J Q) f\1)- "ij) UO-\-
'
s-: H ~,
- \--.v"t = 1:--q;r--=-- .. c~l') +7.l~:t1\ -=- (j)~\-~)- ())UOt ~- . 6)'tl!.) UJU,IS
\. U) ~-\).)- QU IJ+
oS ht)J'U'J +a 5 h-?aS t-::: S H I t-~ ~ 1, G"1 o!\ oj- V'+\-- oJ\a.JtJ w
.. ~-':! C)q %_ ntg\'J
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com
...)f &-~"\..19 ~ \ +S\n<D C~ CD
+ Sin?,(\) -~ --\-O.nt!l -+- CM~ -= 1-+ Sec~ ~~ec~
t -t~n~ Slnro- Co1CP
\-e~"'~ 1- +an 0
~LHS ~ M'LCD -+ St'l1~({) 1: H s
1-s,ncr s\nCO-&-KQ ~ --+enm(t--l-an ~-\- W~ C1- cu+ G)
(m(]

:::::) ~?:.<l) S\n~([) ll-Co.\ ')( t-+anQ)


(c9~~-S\n6'! ~(!)--S(Y)d} ~ -Mn~- -\Ql" + c~ ro - oA Lcp
= C~~m.- s,n'l:>lP
G.~- s\Yl ro
+ -tanCP
I - J__
:) ( Cc.o~ (C~~ -+ S\'J<.Q + <;\ n~ C~c_, =) -lan<O- -wnl..tf\ -+a n'l.t!l
I '
I.Y

t~J ( 11-' \ r 1-+ancn)


\__ -to. nro J \,
g 1+ sinC1l c~~ = RHs
--0 Sin A-~\n g + c~~ f-\- CCll~ B =-~
_J___._
O-'"-A-t c~~ rs <;\n A -t sin B:? 0 ~ -fan({) -K\ ncP

LHS
1--'
--1\nro
+ -l-MY\<D
<; \n'LA- s,J-- B -+ Co.J:,,_A - 6.\t. B
- -ta~ -+ _ \ _
( C~')A --t CD1 f3) ( S)Y) A-t- sin~)
-\O.l'l CD -I -to nCO ( \- tiln a )
=:) 1~1
. --k\ Y\~~ -I
l~A+~I1) c~-;nA+s\n l?:>) -= 0-=- RH_s ~

(+a 'Nn-1 ) -\- OY\ CQ


l,..:rtc;=: R:H~-
-~ (!o V"~ ) (-fa r)l-(S} -t I -+ +an~ )
,..)) c(!)~~ -t ~\)'))._(\)
------------------ ~ ~\YJ&+c~~m . l+~-1) WnCD
1- 1--C\Ylro . <) , nel - 0-~t]
,.,. - -lEtnO +_r_ t 1
L:HS-=) c~~cO ~\'Y'l~ -tanro
CO -t
I~ ~
r'
~lh(Q-C'-1(0 ~ Sin<r> -+ ~ -+ I
mdl ~(\) Sl ntQ
~ ~~l-(t) _ St'n1..ep . ~ St'ri-m -t ~~ --\: s\nco CO:J cp
CtQ.'rl)-s,n~ ~~-<;\neD 5\'nrn+~~co
. '1
~
~-~in <P
,.

a:')l9 -
.
s' n ro
-=) \ -t S'\n C~ G _ ~e.c~ ~ec~ ~I
~ i "' Q()b cQ -:::. ~.. \-\ .s .
=9 l c~~(.\)+ s \n ~ ) ( c~02. ) [@
~Q l' HS ~ <;\'\!~ ~~((\
m<l'> stnLQ
~ ~\nC} + (ht)CQ ~ ~_.H-~ -t
r- -.-
C~$ t-srhcp
.)} C@.~(.!) + r;1n CD =-) ~+<;in~ sm~ ~(Q
t-+QY'l~ \-CMCl
c:H ... s => c~~ro S\1\~
=- S\nl.\1 + c~L<V
(~j(Q (Slt\(Q - (.j (Q) ~\nm(CV}l\l~s ,n~)
1- S\nm -\- t - cooCD
~ ~mro
~ Sin~- G.~(\)
~ c_~6) ..\- S1 Y\'LlO
~ -S(n& sif)ro-C~to
l S1'nD-f~ co)
~\n ~C~(t)
-=- Csi~cp') (s,J& -t- u_~l-~-+ Sinrnt...~~)
~ ~~CSl- s; n"l&> ~ l~co)~C~-ts'm ) . ~<n~ c~~) C~J!
c~~{!}-s inc:Q ~(_\)
-\ r~n~~ +<'-. l'n~ ;.
yoursmahboob.wordpress.com

~ -vu Q v+ '\0~ \ \M.Ji:) ==- ." -~

1+Ill) oS ~6)\.4 O-+


J - IDJ a<; + ID ub-t \= , a>\~) ti:><-t..U w'~
l)Y<"J (l)~() "0\i>:> (Pl.q<;+j ~ ~\A~S + - \ ~
P.J a s-1 +GJu.ot ~-~+ ~lA,l$ \P u o.r + \))Ja S \~
(:::::.
dJ l{tJ-H 1- G))oS 1-t-~ut-
Q)\VJ ~ ~~J
tDUIS t- a>~-v)- - y

tP0J R.q trad PUb ~Ot'{ ~'-<.l P,ll\\0 UD \r Q).) as~&u'Ot-


E-- [ oS lJ :::. (J) P-H U.\JJ -a tV\] Q)L{bF-0JaS) (~U\>} +OJ) a)') - (\.):JaS-t- \))V..\J\- ==

I- [f~ +- ~)\.A ,I~)


rDuD-t + IDJas ~ ( ~LAOt- \1)'1.)~5)- ()))oS+GnApt- ~
6)uJ.S +~-o) -1 ~
\ t-[})aS -~V.O-\-'
o S.j) == ~ P'd OS!\/ Uo~ '17\Y\ ' )
1-\P..JoS+IDl\pt sH .~f
O)UIS (10
s \-1. 'd ::: Q:> ~OJ+ I - \'-- 2_1DJ~'S -(DU'Ol-
OJ Ul')
I
+ ())U,IS
(D'\JJ -::. (5).) d '~ +G) ~J t---
(j)U~S+i

JNV--L~od
- .~---

WI (:-:
___ _
CD
1-<DJa~+O)U.'O-f
.._
~4\ii.. ~J:oN
1~:>
---- ::--- ~'J<fJ()U~
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~~ ~.}\-t.~~&\ d1T ~4 l\oCm~l -qor) Rw-161 cfi\ M&t~ I&Cm!- l +t'nd ~
A-oeo... @
l>e.7Lim~e.n =- ua_
-. LIO=G\o
a =-I ocm @. ~ S\d e c.f Rholrlbu.Q
o~ine o.'l-= ~ Y+~YL fo

\oo ~ ~)'\ ~~ )'--


~) ')_= I oo -3 6 = (:, li Q R.
.
', ~ l- -=. ~
i}._
cl '1.-= I b CJWl

/'o AYeCL ::: ~)(A r ~ d1- =- l, Xll. X J- = ~Cvrt 1.,


~ t.(c.-i-, -{tJ\L~~lc~ a:;! tiYtif\(f aou em r I L{a?

~\~19hJ Of Rhornbus.
ve_'hi. ynQ_te9\ "=- Ll o.
\...\0.-= &oq
0.-::.. Sl C..'Wl .

.:~ d, -:.. Cjo LVY\ I d1.-= ~8 Crn .

(d~2 )~-::: S\~459..

d:- -:: ~~0~5


=. ~51(, -=- 9_ \..{
d~-:- ~\..0{~~ \.\.~CM

~ \ l''hd -\M \-\Q-1 a t'\1. o.f


~(_\'Y"'l~ ;1 "'

\) . \ t 1':7l--
S\~ Stde_ -:cc Q"" 2.. ~ d,'l:--\-dl- == 2- "i'f--t-'i}l-

Usi~ ~
r BW><l )(. 1-\ ~~ rd = l. 't cl 1 ~ d L
-__./ 2.

-=:) i.{fl-~'j;_ XH = ~ ~ XX~


H --:. )(..'<\
---
~ "C-4-~ 1-
-~-----...._ . ........__,
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Aye.o. = l..j_ Xd 1X d 2-
C\6~_L J(d,XdJ-
.L

d, Ydl.- =lq 1v - I fOCWI

..
.Std e...
- I
- Q-=- ~ ~d (1--t dl-1-. Sh~ T.9<..\tk. :-7
V\\e.. know-that
lo -=- ~ ~d,l-~dl..-l Qo_)l- : : _ '62-+ 6 f).
jd,t+di-"-=- ~0 ~~t~::.<s
@.. .
d}--+ d i"" -=- \..\ 0 0 - 11.
d,-=.\bt:.vvl
dt+d)... : j d,l.+d_{--+ 2dtdL
-=- J L\oo-+ ~l\cp.. ) ""' ~ L{oo+ 38'-1
:= J""~t>'-t-- ~ a8 -ill
cl,-d.>... = Jd,l:+di--&d,dJ- - ~ Ltoo31SY. ~~;:.~~Til

~o\VIn..d ill aY'od 1SL


d1= l b r d 2 = l2
SuM of Tujo Dfo.~ nol = &%c""' Sub-btocl <!J.\- lwo Dt'O~Ylol-= u em

~ 1ToiJ ~--~-en~ chi ~rq- s&c.m~


Of Lonca e.st Dt'o.~11ol
*" 1i1'31WI<q" = ld.oc.nl~ t t=ind -fM. Lens+h

L{Q:::. 5&
g ::. 13 C:m
0. -=-
4
DeJoJL ts. So..mL CL~ lY) r~e.vious E;xoh)j?le..
13
I?J'l-=- lll.+ sL
.', 6-=..l'l- "dL:::.S
;.... .1-

d. 1:::.120., d 1-:: S X2..


-= 2..1...1 CNvJ -==- I o c,..,.,.. .
-~ 1fci1 ~.)\-t..l_f1$l ~ td\-414 aa em~ l ~ ~tmrl b em~ r ~-~d +ru. Svtn
~~ ft.jo Dio~'nol
~ P-tdllll = :}0 c. Wl
' Side.. (l\ )-= ~ -= g_Cm .
Ll 9
-txd,Xd.>... =- b
(9\)-::: -k ~dtl-+dl
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Now ~\cl~
51_ -=-- .l. ..j d 'l-+ d l-1..
8- &-
d ''2..-+d1.-:::.Q'L
l. ....----
Usi~ ~---
~~--.! o,~... d>'-+~d,d2 " I at.+ ~.n ~ fJ a~tJb J
~ .ffin-rn::. ~~~ C PaJ"ru1eto3'hnrY\) -ir 3-\~ ~c;q F~:lt ~
l.1ciJ \1~ -.ih- ~ ~lt CIY) ~ t Rnd -l-N. Ar-ect OY\d .L Dis-\anc~
&o m 16cm ~ l
Ge..\-1.-Jeen +h. .~
t..o~est Std e.
.C:. A 16 c. \ <; a Sc.a.lone. T.9-<. \'0tlSle.
S-::. Q+b+c.. =- ~o-t~LI-tlb
f)_ .,_ -= 3 0 (.:rY} .

AJ-t a or /j. r'\ nc, I


i "o :: ~ S (S-Q.) tS-b )( s--c)
-:: . ~ '?>o ( ?>o-~o)C~o-~'-Ot~o-t_6)
, -= 6 o_fl Cm '1...
<>0 AYC.O. o.f PCl?loll~ r~ CtY-rarn
o~
:=. Cix 6o_T::::;l
or.. JJ :::. i1oJlcmL

f',.\ow BCU.Je. x HU'iJ hi-= AYeQ


&o X H "'""' ll.tJl
H = ~Jl Ltv\ .
J.. D iS-fahce.. Be:tl1Two lon-3es-.t Slde : :. &r-~cm.
:;;;1 \.io!J ~~~),_ ......, -~~i~r , 1~1.(--,.,, ~.-n
( J\ijfder\l) -,r ~..~~r ~o ~~ ~ctnl ~; ?JtJ\,l__ ~;~~
6\;J\- ~tW ~) ~\-L\ ~ o-~~ cd_l 18 Cm~ 1 Ffnd -tht .l D rsto.hce. Bdwe<:-1 S;no..C!est-
r ~
Std e. o I - 4oc'YVJ
\Ale \(~ow tho.t AYe.o.-= BQJ,e. x He..taht
..~ ~ \ '8 X 4 o :: 6o x h
6
h= ~4.-6 = ~4C.m .
:?J;KJ
~ _ l_ Dis+ance.. B~twee.n srnollest Std e '=- ~4CW1 .

?> W~ +\CHirt.i.. -LTD,~ cfu '111~ ~~ i:t ~ Cl1l 'JY\_:jqlf\ _ 8~ q -~ t ~--y- <SI~\ -~&1
~~ IDT~ ~-T-i:rrt' d1T :;:\'1lll(f 3: .;t -f- -utt"- ~*'~~ ~ -~'i cf,r ~,~, l\o em
~
"_ I hnd /VN'.o.. . .
. '

G4ve 1 ~ b -= -g ~ q [f\-low b \s ~91<?ru bl. 4-hon .Q l -I.


'
-. b: h =- 3.~ & - u... .
'

g~ .~ <!" ~~i"oo~
-. <a -----7 4 '()
q -1 ~X. q ~ LISCWJ
t) ~
[&f.r 'fGiT it ~~t{ J
A CC: -\-on_ (..ovid'' t\.\ 0\,J 'J ~ Lt 5 (M,.. d. ~ \....\ s.~ ~ -=~
, - '2, c::- -----
'00. te...~ot- P-l6SI't4e. (~e..) !::l\S.<i'W\_, \:-\~J~ :: ~<'-""--
A9-1Po.,.... P-,ru. r. x ~e...~~vd - QB:>:: ;iii c 1~so c:..vn L
..
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-;::'} ~ ~f\:n:: ""'-\TI~ "i\- Htt*'
~\Gfl ~ _ . ~+ _ u1. ~ ~~~,,~
Ci11 ~- . !:!1 --A- -fl.
L5<-thl 3 ~ & E-..- r ~ ci-,' 6.\s,
'!)N 'L ~<:1 ':5\<.n~ cl?r St~turl s: Lt E: 'Uft;- -~ <d~n ~~ ~ <-"1iTS ':1o c()~
~nd A.9{E'CL . ,

l:b-==-3~~ CJ->bl . t

:, t~h-=- S~Lt

Now &(~Tfr~) --) ~o


Q-:: -. 6 ---i I ?> 0 X 6 -==- ~ s (h)
~

Nt::~w .,Q. ~ h -::: '5 ~ Lt


u~ i5 ~'-l-== 36ew.
p (
'S =- L\S "'&

"
'0 l .Q -=- Lt s c Y'rt / ~-:- ~6CW)
1~ ru. ::: x
..Q. h -=- U '5 1- ; & ~ \ 6 'a o c..m L .

~::;\ ~ Mr1T -L\1~~t~\ -a; '3\1.(\""'i ~)jtt\1 ;A


Miit. <:; ~ 6 Cm ~ \ ""t-/i>IJ ~e\dSl{,
cfi'lc.~ \~C.m~ f\'nd --thg. L.e.ng\--h c\' O+he__,-x Dt'o.snof fr"rv1
6
t "I
vS\ ~
'
d, )._-+d)..')... ::: ~ ( .Q_-+
)._
b2.. ) G ----
~//f

-~ \~w::l;: ;~~:6~) i/~~-Fj


~ ~Cn)
d 1- = ~C> D -t L( U -:: S G

/_ d}_-= ~M-:: ~-[flf (l'Y) . c~~ ~0 ~ C)f-he_~ D{a8V'lo I J


N e.X:fT~ be,~~
~ ~ ~~ --Q}l~ ~ iE\<ql~,
~Vld6J ~~ l ThD-p \zi~ l'Y1) d;T
@ (He.\ant) ;p::u- ~ J
0~1~
/\Yea of- TKapi:ziom
::l")....(S0tn o{' "S.ld~) X HeJaht
: .. 2\o-::.l(l
;_
0 +-2.')~h
o , " ~
7 1\ 0:::::. ''2
~Xh
)...:
..
~ h= (0 00 .

.. : L.e.tl<J+h 6~ f~cl-icu.ta.JL l-t~'3n:t:: to CvYJ


-q,r,- *'~& ~~ <i-~T ;r7\llt)c-t ~1o ur? ~-~ -:34~r:t. J_ D\~~'()(e. &o em -lr \
Ra.!t'o of ~-\-VI ~ n Std~ 4~s ~ Thu-, .J~:!'l~:, __~ ~ ~~ ~piOOl\Je-1 Stde.
,\'!~ .. .,. '
L~h, ~ tl S!.d e. ~ ll X. f!< 5 x . -:,

Usi"1 1\YeA~ -~ L~uw. O! \1 :&tik)~\:1. > :1__h=&oem \_ . .


W
;o . :
d.t~
d.lo ;- .l l \.fl.*Sx)'il. l
ty_ ~ ~~-L ~~;; ~ 3
&&o
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1-~~ c4 1\ &ide- Cl9te R.o~eaive..\~ =- 4 'lC~ ~ llGv.,
. a~ SY2> =-I 5 Gm -
-? "t{";JJ ~.)..\ C"\~ -Lffi t<-14 CJiT ~~ '-1"15 c.J\ ~ \ Len l() \-Vl t>l _L ~'de l h~ 8 td) lS Iq G
i),{'~~e..Y\C-e. ~e.tt.V~ ~\-h c~ \\ Slde__ IS L\ L-M \.::il\d ...J-hL ~~ of.-

1! Sid!'. ~~~~:1:\L <;.de ~J:.crn, :o 5&ohd Side" X-<1!'""_ 't-4 t\


. ~ ~ L.,""" Of 1\ ,;~~) )1. h ~ ICf \ \
\.\-, s ::: .!. l X+ L-l.\ ) )<. l q
2
~L-Y ~ ~ >( .2 -::\ ~- Y-=- So
+'t X=- S4/f1-=- ~1<-VJ
:e. ~+h ~ Ont Si.de-= ~IC.-W) . S&~'tld S;<ie. ~ ~~-~-:o 9-:?>CM

A ~o-tto 'I- - - - - - - f:s~ ao-to;l6+1'3 =18


Yen-=- ..J l~(t~-t()il~-\~)l\~-1?>)
~-lo k..:: 2.o -I o~ I oc.vn, -
~ t~ ~ f~X 'li~ 5 )(S l.
- 3 .._J~X9xJx~xsi~ -=- 3'X~){3 ~~ x 5 = \ "&o em
.. "'
l~u~nt=- .L . _
IO rlj1\8 }\~X 5 '/. . s :: ~!.. )(' 12. Xs : :- \J. ( \')"IL -
to

~ ~i1t"
- ,,._
'..oOr .,.;,.
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~ ~d\6\& ~~~ -A '1:\~hi--:z ~~t~h' ~ <J~I~ ~: "?if~-t CM~ I ~:q


3-l~l ~(}\\~-\ c:r-~ 1 t ~~
M
\.:11
""Y\1
U o_
Avcn
4 '-"-"
""!'
L"t ~ide. (
* tsc.."'\
1-S
R"d +hL L~th cmd 1>'10.~\1ol
.
tts

.LS

\-\eA~ hi ::: ~ \ s ')._ - I()~


=.. _j1..1.S-:\UO '=- 4 \1-S -=.

.__lo tva --ti- r~notvt -.~.__.,_ _ 2s c.....,


A YeA -= j_ {. '2.5 -t Lt s)
)_
" s .f's I -
-\

~ lo '!.. s.rs :: IIS.[S Ch'\'L


6l

;Jsi ~. A-reJA-=- ~ --r~:{S-k.) (<;.-C)"(s:d_)_ --

s~ -&:b-t CA-di'- [,t-~u-n


~ c, d
lOflryOJ\e II side J.
Cble lJ()I)(b{Q\teiJ_
lt

o~L
_
- ~~; I \~i
__L_L
_

k:=. qo-6 o-: 6oUY} S-=- 60--tl...to+S c


"' Go t.vv1
\
6~ c. Y\1
~~~-3o'-Y>I---t
51
Ave.A.::.... qo+6o r------------
'3o ,.,!to(6o-3o)l 6o-4o) C6cy-Sc j

- lSc:> I ---. =- 1So ~ ~ -::: t")ooo (_.....,...)..


30 ""'4bo ~ bo X. d.o X. I o ..-> &e-e' .:::> ",

H.-\B h-\-= ~ r\SCS-\C)CS<) (S-D) -=--_A_~ l,o X?>oXl.axiO = 2:.. X~


k. 30 :ae-- =ll 0 l:.v-r\
@R
-d =t!f.Jt, @JOtl\"'f.t ~ ~ _n. ____:_c. _j_ ~
W, ~& -L-\5JdJ-~ ~ ~t ~()\\ d11 c>-\i\5t ~5 em ~\ol L\(;CW1 ~- ,

-mtr 3=R.4il1~\( ~~ it cilicl ~o ~ '?> em 1: ~nd -\-h.Q Aye_o.., He..4~n:.t-


aV'ld Di a 3Y\o \ cl T 'top i2i u1M. 5 t 'f.

t,ye.ra.-= O.~b 4S(S-t:) tS.- ~) Cs-d) - 1&.rn


t:_-:: U-b -~-=- ~+c.+d
d-.
K_:::. lt ()-d. S -:::.~ ~ S.::::. :l!_ +l.b t-15 =&1-. ~~-:at,.-:--~~-C...t___ _ _ _ _ _LD-SI:M?~(
~ r - - - - ~ 6t:.wl- ~'1' --~
1
, fl.o'l-_12!-" . Q Jd~. 12--L-
-- ""~ {n-2_$ t .. ....---
;).\ ~~1(~1-"1)l~') ... .,o){_~1~ I?>) t \r,

- } l :x, J~ X~"A~/'\ ~X~ XlJ-.:lX 1 !: "ll X3~~2~9-


~~ . ~
~ l\ )_b lvi'l 1.~
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' DE.:.=.
oe

..~o r., n-=- ISE- 0 E ~ L,f:, .- s =- l-f I Gvf\.

TY\ n P.> or:


BF 1- :o:: Bo'l.+ D P l-
.'. ~)\Ci.~\'\ol f3 F =- ~(.41)1--+ 01-\'l-
(l).
Bt-=- ('rl-'01--ll.l- =~'-1oo-r4~ --= "l g)s6* -
t I)

CE-=. e:,c- Be ::::. Lr6-lb :::: 3o (NV\

~Ac~ - D"t0.3twl AE-::. jAc1-+Ct;:L- ::...J\2.?-+~b'l.- ~~"'t+C)oo ~JI<J'-1'-1=. 6JJ-~~

~..., ~.,.,;a; ~~ i\~ <> 1 .\-11 :?b1t;;) M ll t, cvn' T ii~\ ~"-'~ lf .?\-- "'9/~,..; <&
"lj<:;\T
~<rot ~""\Jf~~1f:t ~e~~N ?t T'\.Qj.~\~t\JyY\ is .?-1 -iirN'<; ~ ~OrY' o4 bQ~alleJ. s1'Jr
~'1:t 0':8.).11(1 ~~ ccy c~
c\-11 3-\~_)\J;l~l q~l ~ \ -f'i'nd -th.t.. U.~~-\-Yt o~ DtG\j"YY 0 1
a~b-:: l.f~' A a...=lb[.w)
G ~. a -= Ln-v (!l..\._ 6 -= l x.
~ l'.., yt +l ).t ) -- Tf;)(
-fl -= -II I ~ I{)t = ~
C\

A~ct =-1= lS.um B~-11 ~i~e) X 1-t fl, -- b :.1.'8 (-4')) 't .,.. c
l--b--1-ib 1-l.~J
n( =--} ('-I X+.2_}\) X ~l l ~---lb+6 - - - t
-=llGwJ
rtx1--= ll b.. i-::. l/ b/II ~ I&
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~xT TYPE :-7 ~ ~ ~\::-b~vt( Res~t~ 1-\e.X<A<jOY\QQ) ~ Q~cb ~an ~ ~(fYl~\


J=i'fld Ayec.... ond lL v;stQnce.. ~e.l..vee_V\ ""t"u:!o s\de__ .

...A..~ ~
.,.q \:#; *'}\Y.\;b~ ( R~u\aJt. t-\exa~ont:t.t) d--lt 01~~ \U LM ~- .f\'Yld OYl AYeo.. <!l.t
IYiu'?-tcle.. O.Y\d c_,91CL\tnt.\Jtcle

Ra.<i\'l?s. ~ (0-t.(u Wl C.t~1c 1(I :.: .<;ld<' CJi ~\E' radtlh~


1Ll 0.t'l) .

:~ AYe a.. ~ Ciil(tJ MLbrde =- 2.1. x:" llJ


.,.-
=
.::\ ~ .t.-\~&lS ~~G:f ( tlw\~e.,..Q] TJ-do~le} ~ "Q~Cl1 ~6-11 i\ ~ ~~h ~)"(\ ~ r ,
11'nci -t-M. AYeo. ~ J:Y\d~c\e_ ovrl Ct}-cCtch') cJ.I!,cle .

Rait\-'S 0~ Tntlhc\~~ h a Xj_ /Ro.t!t'us o.f ~-1:\.Xl]


.
~
9-1
3 L- J

~ ~ X.ltt:J!:~l -=~I~ .
~

.e., A-rea. -=- 1l~L:::. ~X 1-) - l':!g 6 Om,__

Now Ra<i"'o~ of. C:..\.tC.l\W\ d-"..c.te. : _ 2.'f.. Rotliu:. 4 4" t.~'.u~~ .


== ~'Xll-=- q2-~.
6
Aye_ 0... ::. 2 )_ '/.. -'=fr X '-1 2. - s '5 lg_-i u,., L
~

~ ~ -tA~~~ &qur ~ :nt.\.9-;c.!e_, d1T A,., EA. '"3t;ll c_w;L ~ ""'fh.a_Vl. .fi'nd 4-hr. AYe..Ov
0-t qt.Jiltiexa..~ T9t._\'cll\...~le.

-ll ~? :- '6 6 1l
.91.f}_ -=-?,6 . ..91 -= 6 Gvn ,
Ntl L~ Racu'u~ o.S. Tnu~cle... =- r;_ Ct. Xj_ ~
6-= r a x_L
3
~ 3
a-= 61~~ '3 ~ 1a.n en,
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, : Aye_ o. ~l G"q Lq' \ ed 0,_ c&_ T,\..\'C\"'d It =- ~ t{ 1-- = ~ t_h X 11]3 {[)
~ lo'8 E Cv<)')...

d l?ob 4,-V-\~ 1~ -g,';B en ~ G'91cumu,<c\c.. d:1f A'Yeo,.__ 516 Tl C.WI ~ ~nd +h.~ AYo q__
of kqu..\ \o.::l:~'t\.oJ.. T-'t..la.n8\e_ .
I(R'L::: slb n
p.._'2- =- 5"1 6 R-=- !i Lf tvn

.
~,
,.
'PeJJYY1e.ie..t.=
,
<3C.I.-=: ~Xl~-=-Si.!Lvr-.
I -'
Pe.\.lrne....\u
-- ~xct~

=-
B
8
::::. ) c..,
3')( 18 :::. s Lg~ .
-~~ '{-\.}.\&~ -e,~Gi ~ -g/11~ djt;\1 i\ ~ Q.C_W)~, ~ ~~~ ~ ..m
{\J.i~~~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~\a\IUT G\\(\1 ~ ~ -itm ""Jim 15f"3u d1r l311ZJC"' .zy-
ll.l.ioo~ ~ ';H ~. G\1~1 ~~ :<;~.,.;t ~1511 "ail 3l-:)Ufi1 ~I ~>il J
Lu AYeo oi Small Tu' Cl~ le (A,)=- I
~ Ayen_ C)i Re.~ 1: Poxt -=- 1
(81.) A--reo. G t C..J v e...-1.1 1--ti cn-"91 e. ::: l+i =2...
A,~ A1 = I~~
St : Sz. =]I: J2_ a..
- I~
fh.
J1- % Al= ~~ Q!qL
AL
-- -I
C-\ L- L

Q -- -1 A=::n
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(_'1) Ra.h~ '-'{ A.r-ec.. , i'Y\ ascelfl~'~ CYcle.\ .
l2) fZoJlo o~ S1d e \ n Ct~Ce_h~ ~ ().hdt.'l-
(3) L~ ot ~tV\ ~c:\ e <9t SMcil\ ld\A.~1cd e,_CLD T.U~n~ le

~\ow AYe.tA ~ SMC\1\e.s-t T~..-\'c.h!j \e-=- l lA1)


A"eA c4 SeccN\d T--U'Ci~te__ -= 1+1-:::- 1. (A L)
Aye~ Gf ~,~ Tt~'Ci"'-Qle.. = hH-1-== ~ l..A":>)
A,. A1. : A"!:. = I ~ 1 : 3
lfi) R.<Ulo cH S1de _
JTo., J2. ~ .D
- ' '. r1. ~ f3 ~
Q\\1 ~ o-- &ma.\t~.:d- St'd e c4 {;"qL~~kd 0~-1 T..u'c1~~e .
No~ Si = lo.l3
'){. -= I o CA.'VI .
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f31~-~ -g-~ ~ G=\\~~ ~61~ fSr~ ;;;\ ~t71LrJM" Lt ~l6.i~ ~~-&u
6\\\\1 ~ t -(iYl~
(! > Rah'o of- A?re_o t~ A~c~~~ 0.\.de.t-.
c;L(} (<.o.:Ho Ot side. in A &C.t.hd.\~ 0dt.t...
(l!t) L~o.f 8:JC.h St'de o~ .Sh1o\l ("~wt<rlt\A~ TUC\~Ie
tu AYeA e:t T..ub~\ e.. (At1-:::.l
<;mc..\\es+-
~. 11-reP ~t ~eC.<!:>nd T.-\.-\bh.$jte (Al.)-=-~
fr'fe._9.._ &(- lhl:~d T~. .{aY\.~Ie... lA3 )-:: 3
A-t f. a.. <{ ~ i~ T.Ua h3 k- Ch-t') ;::_ y ,
'
I A:J....'A~!~-=-
A' 1~ 2...',so Y
u, , st sL ~ ~ 1. : s 1-t = 11 ~ Ji- . E : ;--;:;-
- I ~ J1- : p; ~ 2..
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J.."i--= ~{)
)l~tolJ..r).

~ *'~'~ &'irjCH ~ Q&~ c,)jw\ ~~ \SCY"\~ ~~ 'J\~<-. ~ ~ Wl&JS


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d1f ~ ~. ~\1\d -\-ht. u_""-~t\\ ot
~Un ~\d~ Ot Sma.IIE!~ -rao~te__
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AYtO Of ~}'\'\CI" ~ ~ l,u'~Y\j\ e, (A I) -==-- .:L


Ayea. e-f \<!<:.!t peu;t (_ AR~x.(V1) s
-. . A, : A h~'YICU'Yl = L4 : c;
Now AYe a. ot- &1'3 T..u~~te--:. P..Yro o{ Small TJv~'cn~ \e.+ Resl Pax!
( A2- I -::: y+ s -= q

. A,~ A1.. = L\: ~


Ra...h'o ~~ S1'd e
s,. s2 = Jl1 ~ Jo;
= ~~ -~

!~OW 3 ~ IS 2. :::) I~~ 2.. =:: \ 0


C,stde..) ~ \-h o:f. .S.~o :est T~. ia\1\.s \e .-::. tau,.., .
~ ~ ~~&~ -&-~ 7i:;r -g~ ~ ~b-\1 ~ ~ern ~ ~~ L~\iJ" ~ &~crl dJ $~
~E 1
Cyr;- ~C:~~ ~ 1 .-t;y,d ~ lt~~ 6\-\~'no...Q. Stde o~ TUC\~}e
o.t-
LeJ 0 di'~ i Y\.C\.. Q S,\d c o{ T.t:t'C\ ~ \e ~ a cVV) .
AYE' 0. =- n.
L-f
0... '- LY) 2..

t'-lo~ ~lde <::>t T..u CJf'\3 J e (_TnU\e00~ \y~ 2') == Ct+ 1 ~


Prr'e r-::. (o. +;) )l-
C{ -_

A C.c- +o q u.est-i on Li

JJ (0-t-J. {:: z: 41.. + 2..]3

o/+ ~ X'i+ 1J X'l4 ~ -1-2-J)


f3 r J:?. q_ -= ;) J3
~I ~, j3.Q-= [].
L~+n o+ o-u~,h~ ~lC.!e. = I~,
"'"'v_t ~,t--..~1-
Nc.....__, lt,po:: .-.
~ -..n._ ~ ~ "''-
l:Tcl;" l/1~ d-1\ ~(,\\~ ?'~ : QCNn' (\~ ~
(O.Ctnn9J-_,
..,_ , . t
"'"'d
"tlrt
,._,._
"TYl....._,

Ave.a... o~ l)._\a"'-8\e \
u~i~ He..'b\11's ~'Y"\414 I," l) A P-> c.

S-=- ~+~+C. =: q+ 1
t- fl.. =IS ~ Plnl. = Ac)..-
AI) -:: JC{~ 6{..
0(..L

~eo_= ~ S.(S-a)(~--b)( S-C) ~ ffit-11.


::c ~ I s ( \s-q) ( ls--:\)l\s~r L ~ bs-- :: 3js &.-v-1 .
::=.. JISJ' b)\ b X3
=- ~3n:5~3fJ_A3}0.X 3
AYe. G =- i X ~~e_ '/.. HQ..\'5N I~
(
: :.-. \ 8 JS CArY)'}... o;=_ ~ ~ x. sJS.
= 18E Lw>)....
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d :tf.\-\~ fu~(J{ ~\ ~*~I ~ltOL~' ~ ~ti, ~~~ ~en' <\ ~~'a


\.?ci:J &.bl:m ~
Rr ~~~~~. ~~1in' -r ("'\~1{ ~\ ~ \ A
{)s.i~ AYe_o.-= h_x 13nse. x ~~ht
2 4 ' =-{.x 1..jl5 ?\ h
h-=-~Lf~
Not.V IY\ n A 11c

0.&. =- J ~ Ll 'L-+ I o 'L -=- j"S -H -t- I o o -;=. _J"fi6 :::. ~6 CAtv\ .
--:::\ ~~ ~~~~~ -&!j~l d1T ~,-q- ~0(-lN) 1- ~& ~ 6R\~t ~Q~~, ~ a
'Qa., ~Gi\ ~l:t' M ~~ ~ ~~41,\ 3 , L-\ ~ -H'nd -\tu A'treo... cf J:Wc..~es.
TXlbhSleJ.
Q~b-=-3~'--1
(l::::jx_, b::.LlX
r.! G sx.+ sX.-+L-\ X-=- L\o.
!0)(= Lto
)l -= u l:A,'V\

. Ct =- ll. ~ b =(bL-w1 .

: f-te;'a h:t -== .J h?-_ ~ \.. = ~ 1\..~ Li-b y - ~$0- -= LJJ s Cvv) .

AYea.-=- ~;x: BCL\e x He,tfrh::t =- l.-x$;" LJ JS :: ~~JS LWJ'L '~


~ l:Ja1 ~'*'~~~'.S. -Bt~Gf <li1 ~b\lli)l., ~o9cm1 ~, t Lt~th o+ Lon v~e.q_ucd side \S
I ~ em - -H'n d +ht Pt\.1' t)\ eJ e.'- ot- -1-M .'T?U ~ n.a 1~ Q~

0 Sf~ (-\Yeq_::: 1 XbX ~ ~


3oo =lx
~
l5X.b
LC
_..
~
\'~>
~
b-==~L :::Lto~. ~J\
P 1\
" u -;::..,
J~'2:t I ~t... ~ j ~ iS -= ~ S' CNn . I
f-l.ct.wt I
UJ '-ff
~ 0LV1

Pw'~e:ltt..::: ~S:t~S-+ \..itl-::: qo~ .


~% ~~~&l -a~ d1l -qfbllf :i(,~ ~-;;i)" 1\.t-lJ\)~ t)tl--\\ t\J. <5~ ~ ~ ~
~ \& C'fn~ 1 .f\-n o 4-hl A~o.. o{ lu.'a\r-(1 \e.
~Q+b = 2.[,
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'-= 6()- ~~=-I o ~


5
. '
AYe.a..-= .l
""2:.
x \-ex l L = 6o 0M 'L

~ ~ {\J\~~,~- f;\~51 ~ @~{ ~&\l~; ~ ~ 3Ift'*J


~~~ ~ ~~- a em~ .f!hc.ol -\hl- Areo c{ Tu hnD 1e_
-i:r c-"\~\~ b Cm *" m 61~.}\ H
~A
Htian At>:o .[ bL@,jl ~ 1b ~'), -= {l.i~o'l-
P\Yt.a. -= ~ X bOJ> e., X -N.i 8-ht

NOW Pw mei~
0.+- Q+J(} Q
::. :9. p
::: ~ p u~n~
OC~+ f2) =- t9- f IJ \,
L\.
O-= L p = f}(~-1}) r f'\.I:}L<.1h~ lrll_;-~J"
d+ Ji _J}: . 'V "\ ''-'\

(\ ~ (f)- Ji ) p
::-Eo.

.,
.. P-=- ~+J'l
a-
{J+;_D-)" [2>-~[l-] ::. ~+ 4 s-2.. (3-~JiJ ~ C1-+-2f1.-)(1-.1~
4 .,__
q-~
-
- I ').-
d-- --Cw\
)... -]_
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N~x.t'T\j 1'e :.:j (\ ~ '\? ___r_ f\ ~ 52..
-qcl1~~~ I;;>!~G-t ~~ l:(T~ &t.~ooCMl.f._ I a:JOt ~ ~.\s_ (OoCYl'lL t .H'nd +he' f){f'fe~ 1 e.vn,,
t'n L~~" ~ o:+lrl-t~ i<.u o s rde .
Dda.tt ~ -1 Th Ri ~ a~\ed. T.uo~t e..
Q'l+ b1- =- QoC)~-L a
a1-+b)..::: IOooo -I
Now A-reo.c.-=: l.)(
.)...-
~ e x He..t~ ht =-_Lxaxb b
)_. Sho-'Uctcl : O).-+bl..-::.loo4
t_xaxb::: 2J-1oo Ob=-LJ~oo -rr we <.:.e..Qw -two 1\lo . a OYid
N.o~.J we.- ""'-o..ve -\o -H'Vld -fh.o_ 0\ffVt e.nce G-b
b ~o~-e. ~q,u LUte. i ~a,l.(a9-
(oo'L
us,~ n-b ==Jot.+bl.-~Qb :. ~o'}..+6o,_.=:::.tooL
..f'J\o lrl\ T oP-L 1[ ' 0=-~D b-=: 6 c
G-b ~ J\oooo- ~ll\8~) ~ SL\oo-=- ~ 0
G.-b= ~0~.
. {)\~e>te.J1 ce Bth,oe_eJI\ ~o s.ld~ is .Lo Cv-.'1'.

~' \ c_~ 'S\et-n- +fnc4 -lhc Pe.~mekL


tJ Ir r-t ,\Qi~ ,e__,
D~cU\ ~A
I

&---+ bl.. ~ s \'L


o?--+b"l-=- 26o I -T
I( 'Sht>?clM
s1 l""' ~s)'-+-~lf ) '-
-. ct-=- 4 s b -::: !L ~
CJ;>t ~t 0.. X b = S 4 o 0
Gtb+SI
Qb =- (Q<.;'o - "'([ -=- 4 $+1. lt+S 1 b
-:::: I '1..0 CWll . ~ ~11 ~ n'; 1s'1- t-
.. IS~~-=- 4S, l!H-:2~
. O.+b ::: ~ o'l--+b 'L-+ ~a b
=- Jd..6c 1+ 2.(10~ D J -= J"~6o I+ 'lib c. ::
P~l'Y\eJ u.-~ 60,+51 ==-ll.oCNv,.
QdJ ~~ f;\~G-' ~ a-r 1- c_~ ct ern~ ~ ~~~Gt
&11 -tlm h ern~ ~nd 1-M. A Yeo... o:f -f-h.t- \"-CLI~ \e .

1\.\ot.J X+ \i = b
0..9\. x_'l-- f ~ \-= Q cl_
Aye_o. --=- -k_ x 1 -,c 21
1/. Q. 1.. i..
We. r-Y\ow {hcd ()t+':f) : . X-+'j -t ~X~ .
~G , , . , , .... I

... cil~ =JG-+~ )'1.-- \1-~'j,


"'""-C\'1-
'l-
j
ttr -,
0 .

~ b
jt~ -= b'l:_ (?( 'L

-~ AYtr>~l.~(\ b,_-Q:~~
~- & -
L
___::Sc.___ ----

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Two EqLtal '=hord c.hc.t~- ~u ed- ~ eAU1 OfheJt- ett Po I rtl A and B O.Yid C
Pa.~si~ ~ov.gh -\h~h-- ~ruye, H 4M Lertg..l-h o~ Common LhOY'd ts Is c.m . C
-H Y'l d -+W- Ra.d.A' v s. ot L-\YCJ ~
Chord A f2> _: ~ y

'Y =- IS ::. SE
.Jb

Two C.irO., ln..te.JtSW +o e.oUr~ o..+h~ a1 Fbi"YU A and r2> .)V)e..iY D(Ctmek'lt.. (J

Cb1e. ~o o:YJd & c.m Tf l~a+h o+ Common C-tnord f~ '5-U un tincl ~ Di5iahc1
be.JtAJe..U'\ tht.AY' .C.e.NYe.

AD-; M ~
~. ~
").-
~~~"M.

No"' 6. Ac,D ,~ a.. Rt'~h{ AY\sl~ tJ.

. :. . u.D =- JI'5')-~
. '1- ==- "<~
,---
V? I ~ q &.v~
~';J;;o'
. 6 AC2-D \::, Q R~s-N- A~ le ~

. . ~ez--=t

0'
.I c., C'2...-::. q+ s ::.. '4 C'.lrt1 ' {)

(c1 C--L-= '~ v,. J


1 .

-?Two O;r-0\e..s LtD.hos,e.. ce.nJye.s. ~~ A o:nd ~ a.ncl Tnt~se. eJ -\o e..Cl.Gh cthes-t oJ \JoiM-~-,
~ OY\d 1) ""TI\Q, Le...ng+h o+ Comma V\ chOYd {s ~o CNn Th..Q u'~ A~ a~d c 0 ~
;tt';n<;ecJ -to e.D.C.Yl OJhe9-\. cU Po\Yd 0 \-{= Ao~-~C\tYl~ 160-=- ~c~ RY\d fhL RocUl) ('l
Each ( ~YCH. . . ~- , .S '

Radio~ -Ac,"' jlsL_,_g'L :~2.~'l ==-II :.


RacU\1~ 8C ~J1s~2o'L :::.~-=- ~5

-. \ Racltv~-=- I~ , 2~~ .)

t:l APC ""'~ DP13 [A AA l


_.. AP _ c. p
DP - BP
~ [A r s f' = C?..r. o r J
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r} ~f\!,C. t \s Q. rsocQ.te_s. 6
~i C..tP \'~ .L 4-o A 9

.
(7

'
\J

_ . ChoYd. Al'1 ~ 2.. A o -=- " '2 ''1 Y l-


~Y,,_4;)..l.

Two CJrc,le., Wli+h ee-n.:h-e. c, C\nd C1. o.nd. Rad-ii ~o an::-j 1S.Cm lY\1-en.sf!d +o
o
: 'i.
I enc.v, oJ-ht9\. At Poil'bl A B ~O(:h +ncJ- Rodl't Ct e_oc.h ~eco~ +ange.nt oJ
Ciyt..\~ c{ <UJL.\t\ othQ.9-t h'nd --1-M. ltflS+h Cit (-!Jm'mOY) chord Arb

.l~ei3-N AO-=: Yt "r'l.-.. 'l..O X IS =- ~..\:-~


~r,1..4"r~1.--- ~lol--ttst.. ~
0 =-12..
()
:_ [ Chora Afb ~ 2-x l"l- -=- 'L4_ ~J

__, 1.-'l\~ o-{Chord A 13 ~hQ.h +.0" ~qua.t Llrtle J:hte>csee:t -lo eath
t :. o+he."- oJ- Poi n:t A ond_ !2> ancl Po..~s-, ~ ~oog h fuelr- CeNre .
r -t Ce>Uv e.. o{ f3 o+t1 Ci rcJ e a.u.. .9( u. q 1
: RcttUu~ cu...L Q\~ 0 eq tt.Q.I
--
~, Aoo 1 i~ o:n ~~\cdet.ql ~

.. AP ~ f3 a.. -=- .[3 r


~ T
. A~::: U J3 'r ::) J3 Y
)C

\Chord. A.~=- JoY }


l"t0ot.lllll"~\ I~
Grtl e. l''l'\.\-e..'tS~.c..:t "-' n"'n" .-('\ h,, 1\o - - \
\:..UI...JI) vi1 \<:....Jt v.:r
Pot"'-'- A
''"' ''"" Q'(\-'
Q
!lmou
B 0..'() d passiY\Qq
....
t\ieJ.Y c~rt. . 1=1n~ +M Len~ of eo mmon t.-hotd A& rt- Radios of- Ciro
,. s ~em .
(Dt'a.~_tul\ is S'aO\.l as a. b Vvt... l
ChoV'd A 8 ~ .f'b Y
::: fis ~ r[i ~)
. '
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&.
,...-!
:~~-
<(A~t..=qo0 [Ot'arnQ.;\e.h~ CircumfeJt..Y1cQ.. m. ~~ Av!gle]
--,


.e
/A
<- BE--::. qo
o-Soo =- Uo o
A c.
--=----.
<A~E=Lto 0

:o <(.ACE~ <:.A~ E =L{o 0


[ t:7d1 fr Chord ir ~ Antjk]
f.-.,..,

0
{ ~
Now .(.PEC.= cAcE = Uo [Aite.Jtnctt-e. Angte-1
~ - F'. <..DEc== L{oc;j
' 0 r~ +hl. c.~Y.e of n circle.
-- AB QY)d CD 09-te. +hl. -ft.()o d')oyd l:Jtl~sec
to e.cc...n o.:thVL ru Poin:J. p it ~ P\CC.-= '50 I <_ 60 0 = UD0 Aw <: BP D-

<.ScP =-f._"~ <Boo[ l?>o C..,-hcY'd ~ ~ A~l~ J


f'"N', :A" D
< &t f -:::. J. .X 4 D 0
2
::. 20
,.
OR <.A sc =-]_ )(<.Aoc (-: AC C-hord -go ~ A n~le_ J
~l.xsoc= @so
')_

<e:.PD:::: C. Pee,+.( p13 <:. "rn of-two !htuioY Ah81e = Fx.tt.\..ioY 1\v!oJe l
If!
J
'.\)
'.
. = 1oo+ 2.s'o ~(lc6 ~ ~ &i~ r -iT (
~~ ~PD =-. 4~ 0 ]
:. ia1~ord Ce#d '~ ~ Op\JOSt ~ ~
OYl ~- Ce-n::!n~. ~~ A~~ 1 ~ -fb7 ""f\ ~ ~ ~ (f0 t\ ~ ~~oru ~
<:G.f D =- So"-t 4 oo - ,. 5o
'SA qcl1 f). Side -<H A<n
&- -"'-1
-4
0 ts -thQ... L,W'~~"e.. o.f. 0.. Urcle. A.C... and. 8 D (lhe. --\hQ. -\uJD Char-d ncle.J\se.cl -to
@..o c..h O.:\he.?t... a.:t Poi Y1t P if .( Ao B .= IS 0 , < {1 f ~= ?:,a tJ ~Y'\d L.. CO "0
< Acf6~ L<-Ao:, [C-hoY'd A~ Wf d .Am.tW-1
-=- -!_xIs~ o
}J

Now <A r lb =<. P~( + L. Pc& [s\) m o.t -\t-V o Jl.dui o y ~ k ..Q:.
n.=- ww~ ~~~ J
3ot' _::.' <fBc + 1-i~
:. <:.f'Sc. =- ~'
..!, LCOf);:. 2.1. ~J>gc =- ,V( l(S =.US
0
[Chov<d CD 0ft" &..-\\ An~ltl
z:

. .@.coo~ 4s 0
]
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0 \~ -HvL G~.n:hE- C1.f Q Ul"'c..le. AJ~ \'S ~ Oio.M.:!6-t. CO t's -thQ Choy cl \
8I_ua\ +o Ro.d.A(jS o{ u-rc.\e. ll\Q. rpood\Jce U't\.Q. AC and GD l'n.teJ-tsee:t-- r
. To .e..~U! ~en. oJ- PciYd P . \hSUI Ft'Yid ~ f\PB
. . '
Ca.nd D ~-the, M.id .Poivcl c.f AP a~d r?J p
[ Co -= :L A 11 . -. A ll n.e. ln. a. ~ -thcd- is 1-\a \ f r'
t '

Of ..fhL h'Y\Q_ e:{ A D\vt'de.s. fu o#le.t- -h.-0 o UYUI_, A~ "' JB ~


:;

t'n in e..<tu o.l rcu.t~ (-~


,
:f
NouJ Ljoco k on qu..ifo.:h..t.A-l ll '
4'=---:

. 0c.=CD==-CO:::
: <C.OI) =6o 0 p
-' ~ M e.:~ ~ ~ M ~ma\1 A (;qu.Ha.:te.ud if ctt ~ 81'v ~ ~
:Equ.i la.:f-~1 b "h.() .
,:, 6 Ae, P t's an t;qt..UtaJt..SU\f ~
~~. (zAf'r?~6o 0 l
'Dcicu'I
.from A Ace. Ao ::o c. 11 (i
1\L I ' ,\

.. <.o AC:=- ~oc.A =~ ;y { '


...
Sirn.l laU ~ \n Ao BD -=. o fb = o~t>
: . .(Ot?.D=- (_oDB =~
Now A~cD i~ a. . Lt)(tic ~uadr( kt:lUA l ~~.

.:
rn LlUum "i~'j+6o:= l~o~. p
:. X--t-0=-12o-o. /

(\\c~ LPc:.o ~ Loe,p:.~ and (... PDG::: ~Gf.)o=-'l.[: C'X:truoy ~le., 4]' ')

D ftQ,GD
)

l.'"t 'a .,_ L.. N ~ :::.- ) '8 o ,.,


(cA PP>=. ts,;. t'Z-o' ::: d J
J\BCD 1'~ Q C..~c..h'c.. ~uadYila:\-e..t.~l C l~ -\:M ~ye, .o~ cir-de. if<:COO=ll(o..,
<e,A;c.-::. 4o 0 RY~o .z ~cD- -
<(.<:~0-==- ~ x ~c.oo [ C..D w:;r ~ ~le..-')
:. <..C.AO =1: :X t4o 10
:::: "lo:._, J
\

--
-. <.D~G =- l 0~ 411 ..;_.11 o
~.~

0
~.... '--.....-'

1\Jew <(.OA 0 + L_GCD = \'80 [ AfbC D ,~~a Ojc..\t<. &_ucul J (


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I") .: <.BCO-= l'%t) 0-lto 0
f) (<(?,CO:::. ID Q .J
""'
i !

;.!:-::, AGco Is 0.. c~c.\1'c. muo.chlla.:.ktqj. AC Is~ O!b.md.t9t of Cl UYcle..

n it ~ 12> DC =U2.C:) 'H'Y\d <_ R C 13


f) ~ADC::. qo 0 [-: Dia.'rY1e.te.t 1jm UtL\)IVIfe.te.nce W ~
~--,
"'!', 1
~ An{Jie"J
~--..
'
i )
<.. Aibe,::: q o0 -4 2.0 ::. - 41? 0 c
t ~1

{\
No l.d ~ AD 1D = <. AU~ = lt 0 [A l3 Chotd tr &ail 1\nale

1
\
j
-" . [ <::::: Ac. B -=- u &' 0 ]

\ ' PffiR.S t's Q ('aclr'c. muo.dYl'\Q:k~l\1 (l'()~ p~ is~ Diatnet6t of CJ'ycJe Ct .em f'R_-:::U5c

'F",
-A'r1d < PSR
.((OfF\ ::.- ll s 0

;{"
:.. <P R.~ ~ qoe> [ D\'CJm~~ ~~ (.(r(urnf~wce., LR 61<>11
At1.91e 1
. <'f<D R=- l'B D~ (' q D -t ~ . tt s o
~'
0
lt5 J .
\ I

' <:0
0
I?
J) ' <f~R -t ~PS_~ =- l~o 0 [ P~Rf. i~ o. ~die. <nuodYi\ctte.t.q IJ
'>,
~ "'- ' <P~R= t8o 0 -4S 0 =t r~~o
l~ ~~=
~-

~ 1'350 } :
t ~ , c_v-da
\ 1
0 iS +-hQ CWre. o.tct ~Yde. A~ and A c OJ;e -kr&_ --kuo"-' Pond ~ tUte +hR., t'Ud ~o(n:
-
w
T

- Of -\-hg_ Lt'\1\.t A r6 CY1 d At .9--t~S(>ec-Nve:l ~ p~o du ce Ut\.Q. DP o h d (t) C9. ntJen<;e~


+M ClYd~ Q:\: ~ PoiYd Rend s- T Is a t-ot)'\.:\ on -\}u. M.q)'or- CYYt~c RS \f-
~ P..t:\ e, -=- '6 ~ o R'Y\d ~ RTS

<(APO=<AQlo =9o0 [: <::enire. ~ CM--ci W fh.td Po1n.:.t~, s


QOt ~ d& U:'ilL 0\o fd U:C R.
L~'"tJ
)
<.PAm + ~ P<D~:::. '\8o
0

: . < PG~ -:::- ll>o~- 3 ~


0
= IU8o
T

} 'Z._ I

<RTS = x <f>Q~ [: RS ~~ Ansi e.]
::: LX\'-\~ =- '1~ 0

I
:. :L

c~ RTS -= l4.J ,
'

., ~
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c~.O~\ = ~~\:I/ J.~-


()0 &1 ~

ra-~o'? + \1 ~d / ==- <a ~\-J '? :


[ll J~~ab-=--~Ott>
wn-:>.l,\? .
t ?!~ ~"0 :Lb.. 4~~ ~ \QOW'O\\()J Ciob =.. \J(J)~->

tJ \D\:l 7 Rrq/\}-Pa<\So() '0'\'JA;J o Qlt jG ~-.-at-~U.tQ\<l


PU.tl
~pltQ C p,.t,IQq Q'\1\t -fO ~ll\fO l.:.f)b-a 0-t- t<>d')~()\:U\ ~r"JJ.r)' OO}L

t~ 'ill"~ =-IV-~
I I

~
oJ)~ - ~n -:=. cP-d'V -=? 'tJ CYl ON
( ' .....

' ,_ .....
u
W) ~~ :::: ~ ~ b-bnf~ ~cc.--z L ~::: J?
do) v w.oJt
- WJ c:!th :=.

~= b- b9 \ (' = l. ~ - -y,<t.l ~ =d~


'
' }

()
JO'd \; WO.lj-

. \) ? V ~ ~UOl '0\tt pu,~


, W'J 'C. \1
'- p
CO. \J PlO\.f) V. o 'JJ-fVtO'J 0\.\+ W O..lj- T to
'tt1'ual J- :1 <l P U'O 'J f\.q OJ
)
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[ VWJ & =p.,tO\{J -fo ~~ \~


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h --g - 9L s
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Ld 0 -;_G)O f t))d =
d ~- 1\ld f1raBLID_L to ~Ltdl
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~d lMJ L ),\ 'd p~~J to SC\~DC\ . 'Q\').tf) \) to 'J-t{UO>.) ~ S\ (j) r- -~

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C1 bl J :;:> = J 0 'd / * lJt'O'ij- ()

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J 0 <a 'I fo 0 'd.JLV =d Ott 'V fo "Od.R.\:;J -'It }

Od 'd > =Od \:;1 /


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ti_ ~~. ~ oP!A/(J ,~


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a0 M-=-<aJ'd/>+<aO\j/ >t ....
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po =-I~UY\ .
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AYe.a. of q,uod A.Boc ;S lx 3Jfs x~ xu


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kh li.i us at- e.h-c.-ft.- =- '-! ~ .


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ff oYll li J} Be-2-
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Two Q'yc.Je, +ovu' i'yJu_na\\~ w.hose_ .9-tC\dli Otte & o.nd '6Cr1 ~ncl +tu Le,ncath c.
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-r=- ~
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[ L~!.n~o~ CYIO'I'd ~ 4l>-~j


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~DWI A. At> P OYid h AOl>

Af :!:: AD ~ Af _2_
Ao oP t& - 12...
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O:YcJ e. oJ- p 0 'n\::\ D . H Y\ d. -+hJ. ~~ <-'f A D . .


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OD-=- ~~ [Ra.d{\Js o-f ~mq\\ Li'rct~. J


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.. fAB-tCP=AO-tf?>c..] c
,_-- -' :r-f i:t tiro~ to\JCh '-1-hl> biM A!',; C13, LD an:l DA ~ Cl QUndYil<tfe,q I Aeco e<f.
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.f; 'Y'IO -fu Len &+h e> ~ AD .

l\'o w A '6+ cp =- BC'+ AD " ;;A ....,. 1 'IS

=) 6+ S-::. 1-t AD Q"l~

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AG c D is o. cs.qua.u... ~ose.. all Sl'de ~ tlt ~ (_

1-. RadJt9s. ~ ciYde = 14 Gvl J


A. urc~e. ,s \nside C'.1 ~ABC SUCh lW WUutil i-nLx_.\1\ +no_ St'de A 'P.J d?> c., C A
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ln~ Ct.\- AO, ~GtCI= . . f-\ ("''.
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I Now . AD~ AF = o.. BD =- ~


nE-b
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~G = b+ C. == 'i? -][
.f6 bE c. ~ ~---
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~. b=l2-1

[ AD"V:m,
----
Q-=...l(..vv)

e.E~S<xn,
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CFc:3Ckv) j
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TtJe>tYlct\~ 0+ o-f. Two CJ'~de t's \16 ~Lwll.


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TWo c,nle -touCh .Jh...Q., Sum Area
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W. RadhJs. 4 ~18 LiYGte = oWr>


:, .R.a~I.Jc; ~ $rn~\l C\Yde = ''--6 C-wt
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r:, -'
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~
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o'l:. ~ Y- 4 o ::::.-o
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0'"-=- \~ ,. y.j -Y
,. [ Ra.i.i~~ ~ ~~a
=-
Utelb to (Hi) J
~ -\ro'tYl op.t;o V1 ~ L1\ J ~ l_\ ii ) b t\\1 ) \.f ~/

.: ,. f{Q ~" \ 6t 13 tJ U:n.t e, ~ I D t.f1


. -. R.odlus 0{- srt\.q u Ch-dt--= lo.-:.6 :::.- UCkv\ .
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:. Ro<:\\O<;_ ~ Bt~ urde-::. \4-4CNvl
IC~~-+ 11 ( 14-".
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:. Y=IJ,.. o-=1,
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: ~Rod.\ us. o-:l ~fnC\ll uYCH::. ~~ l


~W"I Op+ion :-1 ~
l~ RC\ dil?s o4 Smq \1 ~l'de -= ~Gtvl
: RC\ M"s Ot Bt8 C(c.1e= 1\.1-3::: IIGtn

_,. AYeA :=. l1 { 'l.;JJ'L-t n (II)L.~ q Tl:t Jl..l I"L -= l'3,o rc


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~ I

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on -\-h.Q. UnSL. Pr and ~~ YespecMvel~ .Prncl +hD.. Le.ng..=t-h ctf. Tanae.n:t AB.
~

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-Pfom A oTP
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. -=-~-:;. Jl...l!M

W AE=-:x, :, AE= fH'=)c


C' ~ R E1"" ('V ll POT
No~ ~OYVl .b fl'b T
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T= ~ (JL-x.))..~8l-
RE GT
--:::.--
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~L\){.~ 8o f\E - ~L A & ~ Io
)l-::; ~ \0 =-l J.Q. .~
s- tz::'~ ~~
--t~-t-3 ~

f\\0~ A g-:::: 2 .I{_::.~ 12.-:X JO- ~- .~


, 3- ::3
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2..Xl. = d.o
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+M ei1e,um CJ:yae_ o-f 6. A P:J c ad W, Po t'n..-l R'nd .


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U) Ag A c (J t J A B p__c;, -+ D ~ _. A {;" .

(l I .f-rom 6. 1=\ !1 D O'llcl ~ A Cf


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!-~ ~

: .C. A~P =' .( A Gc. [ Ae, Chavd ~ ~ AY\~le J '


c; fl
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A& A C. ~

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L'l I AP.J. AG + DE A(;

~ AGAD+ PEAt" [fromi ABAC=A~AOj ~-.

~ AE(Ab-tDG) ==\ AEAE=-AGL

~' JA~AC. +_DE A E ~ - 0_ -~]


N-f ,
t\ Gn:.M. -+oven +N., Stde. ~c Dt
Polrd- D ~ VrodU(e__ (>:
Q .6AQ,C CU +hl
L\'NL Ag und A c. -+ooc.h -tM CiYC.te oJ- Po\ttt P aY1~ ~ J\QS\)~Ye.l'(l. R'nd_
+h.l 1.-Qne+h o+ +an5~ A. p, A/\ .' ). ~.
NOl.V AP-t A~ =- 1\B -t ~ P+ AL-t ~ "-.

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lp .
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._1J

~ 'aAP ==- A~-t AC '"\- to.c [~D+ (I)::;. ~ CJ


~ 1~ A.P =-

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Pbt.imej~ ~ h. AP-> G

h. A-Bc.
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Uhl Ae, a.nd A c -\-ouCh -+ru.. Clcde., a 'Po\nf P ond ~ .9\espettt\JeJ~ r=t'nd ~ ,
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U~\"() AP::: Pw~u_ ot ~ A~c. . .~ -1- , ,__)

0.. - -__/

= S+6+ 1 ~ IS' ::. q Uwt


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=r~--
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