TRUONG DAI HOC CAN THO KHOA NONG NGHIEP & SINH HOC UNG DUNG BO MON CONG NGHE THYC PHAM. & NGUYEN TH] PHA LIEN. SO SANH KHA NANG CUA CAC LQAI BANH MEN THUOC BAC TREN TH] TRUONG THANH PHO CAN THO LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP KY SU ‘Chuyén nganh: CONG NGHE THYC PHAM. Ma nganh: 08 Nowdi hung din NGUYEN BAO LOC LAM THI VIET HA NAM 2007 Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 1LOICAM TA Em xin chan thanh cam on thay NGUYEN BAO LQC va cé LAM TH] VIET HA 4a din Gnh huéng din va uyén dat abimg kinh nghigm quy bau dé giip em hodn thanh ‘t6t lug van tot nghigp. ‘Dang thai, em cting v6 cing biét on quy thay cd bo man Cong Nghé Thue Phim va ‘oan thé ging vién tnrmg Bai Hoc Cin Tho da tan tinh ging day va truyén dat cho ‘em nhigu kién thite bd ich trong suét 5 nam qua. Chinh tinh than tan tay cong hién hét minh cho su nghiép tng ngudi cia quy thy cO ma em di lén thém én, trang think hom, hiéu biét duge nhigu hon nhé tiép thu urge nhieu kién thite vé Khoa hoc va xa di cing nhur kién thie chuyén mén, Day i nhiing yéu t6 v6 cing cn thiét, 12 hanh trang cho tit ca sinh vin sau khi ra truéng. Xin chan thanh cm on mai truémg Dai Hoc Can Tha va tap thé lop Cong Nehé Thye Phim 28 da sat cdnh bén t6i, cung ti chia sé nhtmg buén vui trong suét khod hoe vira qua. Can Tho, ngay 11 thang 6 nam 2007 Sinh vin thee hign Nguyén Thj Pha Lién Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 2citu cilia d8 Qi: so sdénh khé nding lén men cita cdc logi bénh men thud bac, i da tién hanh lén men ggo nép than tir 6 Joai banh men khée nhaw, ‘Bi logi banh men can phan tich duge thi nghiém véi 3 lan lp lai. Trong qué trinh len men: sau khi i méc 3 ngdy, ti tién hanh xc dinh ham lugng dudng khir tgo thanh va ham hong tinh bot cdn Iai trong com rurgu; sau khi két thiic qua trink én men chinh (4 ngay sau), t6i tién hanh chung eat dé xéc dinh d rag. Qua théi gian khao sat tc 46 1én men cla c4c Jogi bénh men, thu duge két qua: khi sir dung bénh men Gd Den dé lam rvgu nép than thi higu suat ciia qué trinh during hod va rygu hod cao nhit con khi sir dung bénh men Lang Van - Ha Bac thi cho két qua ngugc Iai. Biéu nay e6 thé két Iugn: banh men thude bac véi thong higu Gd Den c6 {kha nang Jén men regu t6t nbit con Lang Van - Ha Bac th thip nhit. Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 3‘MUC LUC cHvoNnG t Dar VAN DE. 1.1. GIOLTHIRU.. 1.2. MYC TIEU NGHIEN COU, CHUONG I, LUOC KHAO TAT LIEU... 2.1. GIOL THIEU RUQU NEP THAN ... 2.1L Nép than : 2.1.2. Nude dang trong sin xuft rug nép than... 2.2. BANH MEN THUOC BAC DUNG TRONG SAN XUAT RUQU NEP THAN, 2.2.1. Gidi thigu.... vs vs x 2.2.2. Cée thinh phn chi yéu cia bn men thude bic 2.2.3. NG vi sinh vat trong sinh men thue ie. 2. KP THUAT SAN XUAT RUQU NEPTHAN CO TRUYEN. 2.3.1. Kh quét qua tinh én men rug, 2.3.2. Co sal thuyét cia qué trinh lén men. 2.3.3, Coché qua tinh chuyén héa ec chit trong lin men ng. (CHUONG III. PHUONG TIEN VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU. 3.1, PHUONG TIEN NGHIEN CUU.... 3.1.1, Théi gian - dja diém 3.1.2. Neuyén ligu- hoa edt - thi bi. 3.2. PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CU 3.2.1, Phuong phép phain tich .. 3.2.2. NOi dung nghién ciru CHUONG IV. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN. HUONG V. KET LUAN VA BE NGH] 5.1. KET LUAN.. 5.2. DE NGHI. PHY LUC. : Phu lve A. Cae phan php phi fh 26 Phy luc 1: Xéc dinh ham lugng duémg khir trong dich duémg héa bing phucng phép BERTRAND... 1. Hoa chit sit dong... 2, Phuong php xiic dinh.. Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 4Pru Iue 2: Xe nh ham lugng tinh bt cdma 1. Hoa chat sit dn... 2. Phuomg php née dh... ssn Phu luc 3: Xée dinh néng d@ nrgu theo phrong php chung dt. Phu luc B. Phan tichthéng ke... [Nath Cong Nghé Thc Phém-Khoa Nong Nehitp va Sinh Hoc Ung Dung 5DANH MUC BANG Trang Bang 1. Thanh phan héa hgc cua ggo nép than Bang 2, Két qua so sinh téc 46 lén men ciia céc logi banh men thudc bie. Bang 3. Bang tra thé tich dung djch chuan dudn; Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung DungDANH MYC HINH Trang Hinh 1, Nguyén ligu ggo va com ng pe eet Hinh 2. Cac logi binh men thuéc biic duge dimg dé nghién ctu sol Hinh 3. Mt s6 nam mic thong gap trong lén men rugu MW Hinh 4. Nam men Saccharomyces cerevisiae te tt snd 3 Hinh 5. So dé thi nghigm khao sat kha ning lén men cia cc logi bain men thudc bit 20 Hinh 6, Mau rugu sau khi chan nude (1 ngay) 2 Hinh 7. Dé thj biéu hign ham Iuyng during khir tgo thinh ciia e&c logi binh men : - - : = 2 Hinh 8. Bd thj biéu hign ham lugng tinh bt cdn Iai cita céc logi banh men........23 Hinh 9. Dé thj biéu hign thé tich rugu tao thanh eda ede logi biinh men. 1 Hinh 10. Hg théng ching eft rugu, 29 Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 1CHUONG I. DAT VAN DE. LL. GIOL THIEU Rugu nép than la thie udng lén men truydn théng ni tiéng cia ngudi Vigt Nam. Gis tr] cla n6 khong chi thé hign 6 ham lung chét dinh dudng cao ma cdn thu hét ngudi tieu dng boi mau sic va huog vi dle trung. ‘Trong thi ky hOi ahfp hia nay, 48 c6 thé canh tranh véi cdc lopi rugu nbi tidng trén thé gigi nw: Cognac, Whisky, rugu Rhum,....thi vén d8 cép thiét djt ra la phai Khong gig hoan thign va nang cao chat Iwgng rgu nép than. MA trong qué trinh sin xuat yéu t6 c6 § nghia quyét din dén chat lvgng rugu I men rvgu hay cdn goi lt banh ‘men thude bic. ‘Trén thj tring hign nay, c6 rit nhiéu banh men thude bic duge sin xuat tir nhiing co sir khic nhau, Bé xée dinh duge logi nao c6 kha ning Ién men t6t nb: in nghién citu dé tai “So sinh kha ndng lén men cia cac loai banh men thudc bac trén thj truéng thanh phé Can Tho 1.2. MUC TIEU NGHIEN COU DS gidi quyét vin d8 tren, céc cOng vige cn thye hign trong dé tai nay 1a: - So sinh ham lugng dung khir, tinh bot cdn lai_khi két thie giai dogn lén men hiéu hi. - So sénh thé tic rou tgo than Khi két th thoi gin Ién men ky Kh. Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 8CHUONG I. LUQC KHAO TAIL LIEU 2.1. GIOL THIEU RUQU NEP THAN 2.1.1. Nép than Day Ja nguyén ligu chinh dé san xuat rugu, Hi than duge phan bigt theo mau sic, c6 2 loai: - Nép than den huyén., =-Nép than 46 hag. ‘Sic t6 ciia gao nép than IA anthocyan, dB tan trong nuéc nén sin phim cing mang miu ‘ge tramg ciia nguyen tigu. ‘Tuy khéc nhau vé mau sac, nhung nhin chung, nép than déu chira cc thanh phan héa lage tuong ty nhau. Bang 1. Thanh phan héa hoc n nay, 6 ving Dong bang Nam B6 nép gqonép than ‘Thinh phin Ham lyng (%) Nude 14 Protein 82 Lipid 15 Glucia 749 ‘Acid hitu co 06 Tre Og Nouan Nuyda Th dn, 2008 a ha — a) o Hinh 1. Nguyén ligu gqo va com nép 4) Gao nép than 1) Gao np than sau Bhi di nds thm com 2.1.2, Meée ditng trong san xudt regu nép than ‘Nuse chiém phan Ién trong sin phim rugu nép than, Do d6, nude sit dung trong sin xuat rugu can phai dat cdc tiéu chuan: = D6 cimmg khdng vugt qué Tmg duong lrong/lit, phai trong suét, Khéng mau, khéng mii ~- Khong c6 ho§e c6 rit it mudi ion kim loai ning nhu: Hg”, Ba’, - Kha ning oxy héa 1 lit nude khong vugt qué 2ml dung dich KMnO, (0,01N). Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 9- Chit cf khOng vurgt qué 1000mg/ - Mudi CaSOs, MgCh, NaCl véi him lugng tir 300 - 400mg/1 thich hgp cho hogt ‘dng cia enzyme amylose, Iugng durong khi ting lén. - Mudi CaCOs, MgCOs, Fe™, Fe véi hrong 400mg/l, mudi nitrit 400mg/ sé anh huéng khéng t6t dén qué trinh lén men. = Ecoli < 20 té baoll. 2.2. BANH MEN THUOC BAC DUNG TRONG SAN XUAT RUQU NEP THAN 2.2.1. Gidi thigu Hinh 2. Cac logi banh men thuéc bite duge ding dé nghién citu Hign nay 6 nude ta 6 nhiéu logi men dé san xudt rugu. Men lé ding san xudt rugu cn, men com nugu ding lam com ragu, bénh men thude bac ding san xuat rou dé, rugu nép than, Trong céc logi trén, bénh men thude bic duge sit dung pho bién hon ca, haw hét dja phiomg nao cting c6 Id sin xuat banh men thudc bac. Nguyén ligu chit yéu la bot ga0. ndm men va mét sé vj thude bac. Céc thanh phn nay véi liéu Irgng khéc nhau 6 moi Jo men, day duge xem la bi quyét gia truyén. 2.2.2. Cac thanh phan chit yéu ctta banh men thuéc bic Bot phai chon nguyén ligu tét, dic biét khong duge nhiém vi sinh vat hoiie con triing vi s& anh hung dén hg vi sinh vat cia bénh men. C6 thé sir dung bot gao hay bot nép véi dé am khoang 11.3%. Men gidng: sit dung @ dang dong kh, gdm 2 chiing chi yéu la: Saccharomyces va Endomycopsis. Nam men durge hoat hod bing méc truéc khi cho vio hoa trn véi Bot ‘Thude bic: thanh phan hoa hgc cla cée vj thude bic c6 thé chia thanh 2 nhém: nhém cfc chit dn va nhém hoat chat. Nhém céc chat dn bao gdm: nurée, muéi v6 ea, dung, tinh b9t, chat béo,...Nhém hoat chit gdm: acid hifu co, acid v6 co, tinh div, chat béo,...Nhém nay, téc dng dén hé than kinh, h¢ tun hoan, hé hé hap, bé van Gng. Ngoai ra, mét s6 chat nhu: dau, phenol, ancaloit cn chita cdc chat khéng sinh, Neanh Cong Nghé Thue Phdm-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoc Ung Dung 10Nhin chung, vai trd cia cdc vi thude bic trong vign men duge quan tim chit yu 62 tée dung: khdng khudn va go huong cho nou -Tuy nhién, van dé nay hién nay cha duge nghién ciru nhiéu. Mét s6 cong trinh ng! { thudc bic c6 nh huéng tt dén sy phat ‘rién sinh khOi ca nam men va nam moc trong giai doan dau cia qué trinh lén men, Hign nay, c6 khong 20 vi thuée bac durge sit dung phé bién trong san xudt rugu nép than nh: bac ha, thio qua, dinh huong, cam thao bac, 2.2.3. Hé vi sinh vét trong bdnh men thudc bac & Vikbuin ‘Trong binh men c6 rét nhiéu vi khudn, nhung chi yéu i vi khudn lactic va vi khudn acetic. Trong thi gian dau cia qué trinh Ién men, céc vi khudn nay phét trién tao ra pH moi trudng thich hgp cho sy phat trién ciia nam men. Tuy nhién, néu pH qué thap s@ anh huomg xu dén qué trinh lén men. Mac khéc, néu trong dich lén men c6 mat oxy thi vi khuan acetic s oxy héa rugu thanh acid acetic lam giim Iueng rau hinh thank, & Nam méc * Céc logi ndm méc thudmg gap trong vién men ‘Trong banh men thudc bic, chit yéu A céc loai: Mucor, Aspergillus, penicillium, Rhizopus. Trong a6, die bigt 12 lodi Mucor rouxii e6 nhigu dic tinh quy nhur: C6 Kha ning chju nbigt d cao 32-35°C, vita ¢6 kha ning duimg héa vita c6 kha nding rugu ha, 9° met a) Hinh 3. M6t sé ndm méc thudng gdp trong lén men rugu 4@) Rhizopes e) Mucor b) Penicllum 4) Aspergillus niger * Vai trd ciia nfim méc trong Ién men rugu Nam méc 6 kha ning sinh ra cée enzyme amylase, dic bigt i o-amylase & amyloglucosidase dé thiy phan tinh bot thinh duéng, chit yeu la glucose. Nguon tinh bét ban dau duoc nau hay hap sau d6 héa long bing -amylase, dung héa bing amyloglucosidase. Nganh Cong Ngh¢ The Phim-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung ul+ avamylase cit ngfu nhitn cfc lign két 1-4 glicozid trong mgch amylose vA amylopectin thanh hn hgp céc oligomer bao gdm céc dogn phan nhénh va khong phin nbs, = Amyloglucosidase eft cfc ni a — 1,4 tir dan khOng khit cia amylose phéng thich céic monomer don D-glucose, ding thoi cic néi a ~ 1,6 cling durge thiy giai hung chim hon. Enzyme nay c6 kha nang thiy phan hiu nh hodn toa tinh bot thanh glucose (4én 98%). * Cac yéu 6 anh hung dén vige sin sinh enzyme durong héa cia nim méc E = Cac chat dinh dudng: Glucose 1a nguén carbon téi héo cho tit c4 cde sgi ndm, Tuy nhién, mudn cho sgi ném sinh ra enzyme dung héa thi tinh bGt I nguén carbon thich hgp. Khi nudi soi nm sinh enzyme thi nguén nitrogen duge sir dung durdi dang sulfat amon. Ty 18 carbon va nite trong méi traémg c6 anh hugng én dén t6ng hop sinh nam va kha nding tao ra enzyme. Khi nguén carbon va nite day dit thi soi nim mai tich lay enzyme t6i da. ~ Ham lugng nude trong moi trugng: Ham lugng nuée thich hop sé tgo diéu kign tt ccho sit phat trién cla nam. Néu méi trudng thira nude thi sé Lam gidm trang im lrgng oxy khuéch tn, vi khudn dé dang phat trién. Néu ‘thigu mud thi bé mat moi trugmg bj kho [a nguyén nhan kim ham sy phat trién cia soi ndm va gay hign tung sinh bao tir sém. ~ Nhigt 46: Trong qué tinh phat tign cua ndim soi, sinh ra Iuomg nie kh Win am ting nhiét 46 ciia moi truémg. Nhiét d6 thich hgp nhiét cho ndm phat trién 1a 32- 33C, thong thuémg chi can digu chinh mhigt d9 vao giai doan dau etia qué trinh mudi cdy nhiim kich thich bio tir ndm mge ra sgi nfm tt. - Thai gian: phy thude vao ting logi nam, théng thudng sau théi gian nudi cay tir 30-32 gid thi ndm sqi sé phat trién manh nhat va sw tao thanh enzyme duemg héa nhiéu nhat két thic, khi sgi nam bat diu sinh bao tir (Nguyen Dtee Lurgng). Nim men lam men la tén chung chi nhhém nam men c6 cau tao don bao, thuong sinh san bing iy choi hoae phéin cat, Nhém nay, c6 nhiéu trong ty nhién va cé thé sir dung trong sin xudt, rugu, bia, bénh mi,....T bao nim men giu protein, vitamin (de bigt 1a vitamin nhém B va tién vitamin D2’ * Céc loai nim men thuémg g’p trong men nga ‘Méi gam bénh men chita vai chuc trigu dén vai tim trigu té bao ndm men. Ching g6m 2 gidng: Endomycopsis (chit yéu la endo,fibuligenes) va Saccharomyces (chit yéu 1h S.cereviriae) ~ Endo fibuligenes 10 lohi nim men rt gitu enzyme amylase, glucoamylase nén cchting vita e6 kha ning dutmg héa, vita e6 kha nding rrgu héa. - Saccharomyces cerviriae c6 kha ning lén men nhidu logi duémg nhu: glucose, saccharose, maltose, fructose, rafinose, galactose. Dong thi, chiing cé thé én men & ahigt d6 cao (36 - 40°C) va e6 kha nang chiu duge 49 acid. Ngodi ra, chiing con e6 kha ndng chiu duge thude sit trang Na;SiF, véi ndng 46 0,02-0,025%. Dac diém nay rit thuan Igi trong trong hop lén men c6 sir dung thude sét tring. Bigu quan trong hon la 6 kha ning lén men nhigu logi nguyén ligu: gao, ng6, khoai, sin véi lxeng du’mg Ngdnh Cong Ngh¢ Thue Phidm-Khoa Nong Nghigp va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 12trong, dung dich 12-14%, 6 khi 16-1856, Nong 49 ngu cao nhit tong dich Tén men ‘ma nim men ¢6 thé chiu duge 1a 10-12%. Nhigt 6 lén men thich hop nhat Ia 28-32°C. Negoai 2 chi nim men co ban trén, trong men thude bac con nhiéu loai men dai khéc. Ching vita c6 kha ning thay phan tinh bot, vita c6 kha nng chuyén duémg thinh rugu tuy sw chuyén hoa nay thap. Bac bigt, céc loai nim men dai nay chju durge nhigt 46 rat a0 (60-65°C) va chiu duge chat sit tring 6 ndng dé 0,05-1% (Nguyén Bite Lucong). Hinh 4. Ném men Saccharomyces cerevisiae * Vai tr cia ndm men trong qué trinh chuyén héa durong thanh rugu Ném men déng vai tr quan trong trong qué trinh Ién men rugu od truyén, Trong subt thi gian 1én men ngoai ethanol, COs cdn tao ra nhiéu sin phim phy nhu: Glycorol, du fusel, ester, acid hitu co, diacetyl va aldehyde. Sw hign dién cia eéc hgp chit nay tiry thugc vao dong nam men va diéu kign lén men, ching gép phn quan trong tgo nén hurong vi die trung cho sn phim. Dé thu duge nang suat rugu cao, nfim men thudmg duge Iya chon dya vao 2 die tinh: Lén ‘men véi tc d6 man va kha ning chiu duge nng 46 ru cao trong moi tring 1én men. Ethanol [a sin phim chinh efa qué tinh rugu héa nhung 6 mét ndng d6 ndo 6 ethanol ¢6 thé: lam thay d6i cdu tne va tinh thim ciia mang té blo nm men, nh huémg dén su phat trién va céc hogt dng bién durdng cia nam men, ire ché qué trinh lén men, So sinh kha niing chiu edn eao cia eéc dong nim men bing céich cho 1én men trong dung dich ducing 6 néng a6 cao (15-30%v/v) hod c6 thé ding phuong phap len men lién te rOi bé sung glucose vao tr tir dén Kkhi dén thiic qué trinh Ién men, Bo d6 rugu ca cée dong nim men khée nhau, miu mio ¢6 néng 4 cao chimg t6 dong nim men 46 €6 khi ning chiu dug d9 cén cao ni * Cée you t6 anh budng dén sy sinh truéng va phét trién cia ndm men - Nhigt 4: Nam men c6 thé chju dyng duge gid han nhigt d@ kha rng tir 0-50°C, Néu Ién men 6 nhigt 46 1én hon 50°C, ndm men s& chi ~ Anh huéng ciia pH: Nam men c6 thé phat trién duge trong méi truong pH = 2-8 nhung thich hop nhat la pH = 4,5-5 = Anh hudng cia oxy: Trong giai dogn dau cia qué trinh 1én men, ndm men can oxy dé ting sinh khdi nhung 6 ede giai doan sau thi khOng can, - An hung ctia 9 rugu: Ham Iugng ethanol sinh ra, néu vugt qua gid han chiu dymg tte ché si phat trign eta nam men, 2,3. KY THUAT SAN XUAT RUQU NEP THAN CO TRUYEN 2.3.1. Khdi qudt qud trinh lén men row Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 13Lén men rugu Ia 1 qué trinh trao déi chat nha téc dung cia céc enzyme tuong img goi 18 chit xtic tée sinh hoc (duoc sinh ra tir si trao d6i chit dé duy tri su séng cua nam men). Tay theo sn pham tich ty sau qua tinh lén men, ngudi ta chia thinh nhieu kiéu én men khée nhau. Tuy nhién, e6 2 hinh thie lén men chinh: lén men yém khi va lén ‘men hu khi, + Lén men yém kht: I sy thiy phiin during khong 6 sy hign dign cia O,, nbur qué ‘trinh Jén men lactic, lén men rugu, lén men butylic + Lén men hiéu khf: 1a sy thiy phan duong v6i sy hign dign ctia O; nh qué trinh len ‘men acetic, lén men citric. Lén men nrgu [a qué trinh én men yém khi véi sy hign dign ciia nim men (yeast). Nam men chuyén héa dung lén men thanh rugu etylic va CO>. Déi khi, ngudi ta con goi 8 qué trinh regu héa, cdn héa. Qué tinh Ién men rugu durge chia thinh 2 giai dogn chinh; ++ Thi kj phat tién sinh khdi: giai doan may véi su hign cin Op, té bio nim men sé phat trién sinh khéi dé gia ting vé kich thude va sé luong. + Thdi ky lén men chuyén héa dung thanh rugu va CO2: Nim men hip thy cde chit dinh durdng va sir dung enzyme sin c6 dé xtic tic cée phan img sinh héa trong qué tinh tra0 déi chit. 2.3.2, Co sé ly thuyét ctia qué trinh lén men © Co ché cha qué trinh 1én men é Ten men, ngudi ta cho vao mOi tudng mgt Ixgng té bio nim men nhit djnb, tay thuge vao phueng phép Ién men. Théng thurémg, khi lén men, Iugng té bao nam men phai >10 trigu/ml dung dich In men. Do dign tich cia té bao nim men Ién nén kha ning hip thu céc chit dinh dung rit mgnh. Bucmg len men vi céc chit dinh dang khée duge hap thy trén bé mgt nm men sau d6 khuéch tin qua mang vao bén trong, tao ra rugu va CO», Rugu etylic tgo thinh sé khuéch tén ra méi truémg bén ngoai qua mang té bio nim men. Rugu hda tan v6 han trong mide nén t6c 6 khuéch tén rit nhanh. CO; ciing hoa tan trong méi trudng nhung sy hoa ta khéng lén, & ép suit 800mmHg, nhigt 49 25- 30°C thi luomg CO> hda tan 12 0,837-0,856 lit COs/it nude. Vi thé, CO, sinh ra trong qué tinh én men sé khuéch tén vao moi truémg va nhanh chéng dat trang thi ba hoa. Khi 46, CO, bim xung quanh té bao ndm men hinh thanh nhiing bot khi. T nam men thudng dinh lién nhau, bot khf sinh ra ngay cdng nbiéu va lon dan én thanh tii lon, dén hic ndo 46 sé c6 sy chénh Iéch kh6i long rigng ciia mdi trudng va té bio nim men s8 noi lén. Khi néi lén, do e6 sy thay 46i dt ng6t sie cing bé mat nén ching bj vo ra lam cho CO» phéng thich ra bén ngoai. Laie nay, khdi Itong riéng cua nam men di 16m tré Iai nén chting chim xuéng. Qué trinh té bao nam men néi Ién di chim xudng dign ra lign tuc lam cho nim men tir trang thai tinh chuyén sang trang thai dng, a ting khd ning tiép xtic cla 16 bao v6i moi wumg, diéu may Iam cho qua tink tra0 i chat dién ra nhanh hon, manh mé hon, khi d6, sé gia ting toc 46 len men. Khf CO, tte ché qua trinh lén men nhug trong qué trinh thodt CO, lam ting kha ning én men cia t8 bao nm men. Kich thue, vat ligu ché tao thiét bj Ken men, cde chit ha tan mang dign tich, céc vat lo img khéc trong dich lén men ciing anh huemg dén sqrthodt CO; nén cting tée déng dén qua trinh én men, [Nednh Cong Nehé Thue Phdm-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sink Hoe Ung Dung 44 D§ng hoe cia qué tinh 1én men ‘Téc 49 cia qué trinh lén men c6 thé quan sét duge bing céch theo doi sy thay déi him Iugng ding trong dich lén men, ham wong rugu va CO; tao thanh, Qué trinh én men chia lam 3 thai KY ehinh: + Thii ky du: Khoding 60 gid’ ké tir khi cho nim men tiép xe véi dich 1én men, ‘Toc d6 lén men rat chim, duimg lén men khdng dang ke. + Thai ky 2: Bay 1a thoi ky 1én men chinh. Chiém 60-120 gic sau thoi ky du, Sy nim men va su én men sau méi gig tng nhanh dng ké va dat dén tr} + Thdi ky cudi: Day 1a thoi ky lén men phy, téc dO 1én men rat cham, déng thei la siai doan én dinh, tao mai cho san pham. Tay theo phuong phdp Ién men, loai san phim ma théi gian lén men phy kéo dai khdc nhau, khéng quan sit duge. ‘Thai ky 1én men chinh la bién doi su sie cée thanh h phin trong dich lén men. Trong giai dogn nay, 6 digu kign Jén men binh thuimg sau mdi gid ndng a6 dung trong dich 1én men gidm di khoang 1° Brix, ty thugc vao san phim, day chuyén sin xuat. Trong dich lén men, néu ham luong during Ia 100% thi c6 4-6% 1a dang chit khOng hoa tan, 75-77% due chuyén héa thanh maltose va 19% 1a dextrin Trong giai doan Ién men phy, si¢ dudmg héa cing xdy ra nhumg rit chém va khong hoan toan, dic biét khé khan di véi tinh bot khéng hda tan. Do 46, téc 46 lén men trong thoi ky ny khdng phy thude vao s6 luong té bio nim men ma chi yéu phy thuge vao str thay phan ham Iuong dextrin (khdng lén men) cdn Iai. Tuy vay, elinh nhiing duimg khOng lén men nay sé tgo vi ngot cho sin phim, Nhu vay, chu ky Ién men dich duémg phy thude vio thd gian lén men cudi hay phy thuge vio kha ning ducing ha cia phi hg enzyme amylase. Rit nhigu thi nghiém cho thay eng K6o di thai gian lén men cudi thi higu suat cia qué trinh lén men cng tng, Tuy vay, ty theo yéu cu cita san phim, néng a6 glucid trong dich dudng, phuong phip Jén men ma nha sin xuat s8 tg0 ra mot qui trinh sn xudt riéng bigt véi chat Luong va think phan mong muén. Cac yéu tS anh hung Hat déng cia vi sinh vit néi chung va nim men néi rigng 6 lién hg mt thigt véi didu qué trinh Ién men xuat hign céc hoat dong séng. + Diém cue thich: La diéu kign tt nhat cho hoat dng séng. Nim men e6 cudng 46 hoat déng manh nhét. de cyte dei: La didu kien t6i da va gidi han trén thn tgi cha host dong sing, han nay, nim men sé chit. fn dé quan trong [a diéu chinh diéu kign ngogi cdnh sao cho nam men hoat * Nong @ dung Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 15Nam men chi c6 kha ning lén men dug thanh raga, trong khoiing ning 49, drimg tir 10-18%, ndng 46 cao s8 tke ché host dng cia nim men. Tuong ty, nong do dudng thip ciing gidm nang lyc Ién men. * Nong 46 ru9u Qué trink nudi cdy nim men chi yéu 1a tgo digu kign cho ndm men phét trién sinh Khéi, dat s6 lugng theo yéu cau. Song, nam men cing thyc hién qué trinh lén men rugu dang ké (con phy thude vao mite dé théng kh). ‘Thuong trong dich nam men c6 khoang 4 - 6% rugu, Néng 49 sinh ra c6 anh huéng én t6e a6 phat trién cia nim men. Tuy nhién, sir anh huréng nay cdn phy thuge vao thd gian, s6 hngng té bao va moi trudng nudi cdy. Voi cae diéu kign ban diu gidng hau thi néng 46 rvgu 1% chwa anh huéng dén nim men nhung 4-6% thi bit dau c6 anh huréng dén hoat déng cia nim men. * Anh hong cia nhig Nhigt 46 66 téc dong manh me dén host Ong cia nim men. Ching. han nur Saccharomyces Cerviriae Rasse VII phat trién tt nhat 6 mbit 46 30-33°C, nhigt d ti da 38°C, 161 thiéu S°C, Thuémg nam men duge nudi cay 6 17-22°C, (thap hon nhigt 49 (6i uu) ¢6 nang Iye 1én men rit Ion. Trong qué tinh lén men, nim men chju duge gigi hhan mhigt a6 kh rng (1- 45°C), néu qué 50°C nm men sé chét. Anh huéng ciia pH Nam men 6 thé phat trién trong moi trumg pH = 2-8 nhung thich hgp nhat la pH = 4 - 4,5; vi khuin bit du phat trién 6 pH = 4,2 va cao hom khi pH < 4,2 chi c6 nim men phat trién. Do 46, trong lén men rugu, dé ngiin ngita kha ning nhiém khudn, nguisi ta thy hign trong gidi han pH = 3,8 - 4. Tuy nhién, c6 nhiing loai vi Khuin quen din véi pH thap nén ngoai vige diéu chinh pH, ngudi ta cin sir dung thude sét trang. pH = 8, nam ‘men phat trién rit kém, nguge Iai vi khudn ph trién rat manh, con pH = 3,8 Ia digu kign i uu cho hoat dng ciia nim men thi hau nhu vi khuan chura phat tri, BE tao pH thich hop, o6 thé bé sung vio moi tnaimg bit tt log acid no, min I anion ciia né khéng anh hug manh dén hoat dng ciia nim men. Anh huong cia oxy Nam men Ia vi sinh vat ky khi khéng bat bude. Néu trong mdi truémg khong e6 O2, nam men sé lén men dung go thinh rugu va CO., nguge lai thi san pham tao than Ia CO) va H:0 ding théri tng sinh khéi. ‘Oxy 14 thanh phan quan trong trong giai doan phat trién sinh khéi cua ndm men. Tuy nhién, né Iai fa nguyén nhan gay hur hong rugu & céc giai doan ehé bién cdm Iai. Vi su €6 mit cia oxy nim men sé lén men kh6ng ho’n to’n do phat trién sinh khdi, Mac khéc, oxy cin lam cho sin phim cé6 nhigu aldehyde, d& bj bién mau do céc phin ting oxy héa, ha nau, dong thai fam cho sin phim bj chua do sy hinh thanh ede acid hiru ca va gay théi rugu theo thai gian bio quin. Tuy nhién, néu trong giai doan phat trién sinh khéi khong cung cap dit oxy thi sé khéng cung ciip di té bao nam men cho qué trinh én men lam gidm t6c 46 Jén men, zy anh huemg dén chat lung sin pham. Mac khée, Iai c6 m6t s6 chiang nam men phat trién nhanh va tgo ra him lugag rugu nbiéu hon trong mdi truéng khong Kh 2.3.3. Co ché qué trinh chuyé Céc qué tinh vi sinh vit héa cée chat trong lén men regu Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 16‘Thye chit cita qué trinh nay I sy sinh sin va sinh truéng cita vi sinh vat. Qué tinh nay xdy ra rat nhanh & giai doan diu lén men. Sur phét triéa manh cila ede vi Khun & giai dogn ny kéo theo sy tgo thank mt sé acid hiu co. Két qua Ia pH méi truong giim tao diéu kign cho nam mdc phét trién. Song song 46, ede logi nam men bit dau phat trién, tuy véi t6c 46 chém hon nim méc. Vige phin chia cfc giai dogn phat trién ciia vi khudn, nim méc, ndm men mét efch 18 ring Ia digu rit kh khan, Vi thy chit, sir phat trién cia ede lai vi sinh vit trong dich én men dign ra dng thdi. Chi 6 iu, 1a sir phat trién a6 thutng Khong cing mite 49. Su phat trén cua vi Khuiin, nm méc thi ddi hdi trong moi tnreng phai cé mat song oxy hat dinh, Chinh vi vay, céc loai vi sinh vat nay phat trién manh 6 giai doan dau, Nam ‘men ciing cin oxy dé ting sinh kh6i. Tuy nhién, mie 46 d6 khong cao nhur nim méc. ‘Mit khéc, nm men cdn can dudng, nén céin phai c6 thoi gian dé nam méc tgo ra duéng. Do 6, 6 céc giai doan sau nim men phat trién manh hon nm méc va vi khuan, 4 Ce qué trinh sinh héa * Qué trinh chuyén héa dung va ede thanh phan khdc thinh acid hifu co (C6 2 qué trinh tgo acid co ban: qué trinh tao acid acetic va qua trinh tao acid lactic. Qué trinh tao acid lactic chiém uu thé hon, Ca hai qué trinh may xay ra véi cudng dO KhOng lon vi giai doan dau Iugng dudng trong khdi Ién men chwa cao, * Qué trinh chuyén héa tinh b9t thanh duéng Do sit phat trign nim méc vit nim men Endomycopris, tinh b6t due chuyén héa thin dudng cic loti vi sinh vat -may phat trién go ra rét nhiéu enzyme amylase, glucoamylase. Céic enzyme nay hogt déng rat thuén Igi trong giai doan dau vi duge ko dai trong suét ede giai doan sau. ‘Diéu quan trong clin dé cp 1a, cde enzyme nay chju sy diéu khién béi ndng 46 glucose Binh thudmg thi glucose s& ite ché phan img thy phan tinh bdt. méc Mucor Rouxei, Rhizopus delemar va nim men Endomycopsis vira 06 kha nang tong hgp enzyme amylase, glucoamylase vira c6 kha nang chuyén ‘h6a dudmg thanh ragu. Két qué Ia Itrong dung durgc tao thanh bao nhieu thi ngay lip tife s& durge rrgu héa, mit phan sir dung cho vige sinh san va phat trién cia chinh céc loai vi sinh vat 46. Vi vay, trong dich lén men thudmg khong xy ra co‘ guage béi glucose. * Qué trinh chuyén héa duéng thanh rugu Qué trinh nay duge thy hign béi cdc Lodi nam men, nhung chi yéu la Saccharomyces. Song song vi qué tinh nay Ia céc qué ttinh chuyén héa dong, ede acid hitu co thanh ceéc sin phim phy khéc ciing din ra dng thai. Tuy nhién, ee qua trinh chuyén héa duge xay ra xen ké nhau, hé tro nhau va tao nén ‘m@t qué trinh hai hda, dé tao ra sim phdm khong chi 6 made va cn ma 1 mot hon hgp hai hoa vé huong vj bao gm nhiéu thinh phan khée nhau. Chinh vi vay, requ nép than mang hong vj dic trumg va gid tri cam quan khéc rt rigng. Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 7HUONG III. PHUONG TIEN VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU. 3.1. PHUONG TIEN NGHIEN CUU 3.1.1. Théi gian - dja diém ~ Thoi gian thye hign: 12 tuan (tir ngay 26/02/2007 dén 18/05/2007) - Th nghigm duroc.tién hanh tai phdng thf nghigm cua BO mon Cong Nghé Thye Phim ‘Truémg Bai hoe Can Tho. 3.1.2. Nguyén ligu - héa chat - thiét bi ¢ Nguyen ligu = Ggo nép than = Banh men thude bic - Nude 4 Hoa chit - Héa chit dong xéc dinh ham lung during Khir : + NaOH 30%, 10% + Pb(CH,COO), 30% + NaS, bio hoa + Metyl xanh 1% trong nude + Fehling A (69.28 CuSO, trong | lit nude cit) + Febling B ( 346g Kalinatritartraate va 100g NaOH trong | lit mréc cét) + Phenolphtalein 1% trong cén ~ Héa chat ding xéc dinh him Iugng tinh bot + HCI 5% + NaOH 0.5% + Pb(CH,COO), 30% +NaSO, ¢ Dung cy, thiét bj = Nai com dign ~ Binh tam gie ~ Dung cu chuain a6 - Binh cau - Ong hit 10 ml ~ Dia thuy tinh = Ong hiit | ml - Bép dign [Nganh Cong Nghe Thc Phm-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sink Hoc Ung Dung 18= Cc thay tink - Can dign tir = Tasdy - Gidy loc - Gidy quy = Binh dinh mie 3.2, PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU 3.2.1. Phuong php phan tich - Xéic dinh ham lrgng dug khir theo phuong phap BERTRAND (xem chi tiét phan phy lye). = Xée dinh thé tich ragu tgo thinh bing phuong phép chumg cit (xem chi tiét phin phy Tue). - Xéc dinh ham lugng tinh bot cdn lai (chi tiét xem phin phy lye). 3.2.2, N6i dung nghién citw + Khdo sat kha niing lén men cita cdc loai binh men thude bie: ~ Myc dich: Nhim tim ra loai bénh men cé higu suét lén men cao nhat, cho san phim rugu nép than c6 chit hong tt nhat. __7 Bé tei thi nghigh in kp lai. han t6 M : Loai banh men str dung (6 loai) M;, Mz, Ms , Ma, Ms, va Mg ‘Thi nghigm duge bé tri hoan toin ngau nhién | nhan t6 voi 3 ‘Téng s6 nghigm thite = 6 x 3 18 nghigm thite. Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 19Nép than | Lam sach du chin | Dé nguoi (30-35°C) Uméc | ‘Chan nude Lén'men Hinh $. Sa dé thé nghigm khdo sdt kha nding len men esa ede logi bank men thuée béc. & Ghi nh§n két qua: + Him lugng dudng khit + Ham lugng tinh bot cdn lai + Ham long rugu tgo thanh, CHUONG IV. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 20Bang 2, Két qua so sinh t6c 49 én men cia céc logi banh men thude bic Hinh 6, Mau rugu sau khi chan nuéc (1 ngay) Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 2Dd thiso sénh hamlugng dung thir to thinh cia cc bg ‘inh me ‘ham tupng duimg Khe (%) Ml oM2 M3. M4 MS M6 inh men Hinh 7. Bé thj biéu hign ham legng dicing khie tao thanh ciia ede Logi bank men Thio lugn: - Tir hinh 7 va bing 2, ta thdy: him lugng duémg khir cia 6 logi bénh men tgo ra sau 3 ngay & mac khdc biét ¥ nghia va tang dan theo thir ty: M4MS>M3>M1>M2>M6. Trong 46, cao nhit d6i v6i bin men Lang Van - Ha Bic va thap nhat déi véi banh men Gd Den. ~ Giai thich két qua: tinh bot cdn Iai nhidu 1a do trong banh men (Lang Van - Ha Bic) khong c6 dit 3 loai méc cfn thiét cho qué trinh duimg h6a (Ha Thi Cam Ti) hoc c6 ‘véi mit 48 thdp hoi do trong qué trinh van chuyén va bio quan nim mac 4a bj suy sgiim hoat tinh, Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 2BSo sdinh thé tich regu tgo thinh ea ed logi bank men 15 p10 Bs 0 MI M2 M3 M4 MS M6 Banh men ‘Hinh 9. Dé thj biéu hign thé tich riegu tao thank ctia ede logi bank men ~ Tirhinh 9 va bing 2, ta thy: 6 rugu cia rugu nép than sau khi duge lén men tir ce logi men khéc bigt khong nhiéu. Banh men: Go Den, Hai Anh Quang, An Trréng cho rrgu e6 néng dé cao nhat va khée bigt khong ¥ nghfa con men Lang Van - Ha Bic thi cho 46 rugu thap nhat. ~ Giai thich két qua: men Lang Van - Ha Bae do sau qué trinh i méc thu duge long dung khit thip va ham long tinh bot cdn lai cao nén higu sudt 1én men thdp nhat. Day Ia mOt két qua khé hop Ii. Nhung Iai c6 dén 3 logi men cho d6 rugu cao nat, digu nay c6 thé giai thich: qué trinh thiy phan tinh bt thanh dudng Ia do nim mée thye hign nhung qué trinh 1én men dudng thanh rugu lai do ném men quyét din nén khong ‘¢6 nghia la banh men nao cho higu suat dong hod cao nhat thi higu suat cia qua trinh rugu héa cing cao nhét. BO rugu cao [A do trong bénh men e6 di 2 gidng nam men Endomycopsis va Saccharomyces véi mat 4 thich hgp va hoat lye cao. Tuy ham Iugng durong khir tgo thanh cia binh men Gd Den Ia cao nhat nhung do mat 46 va hoat lye cia nam men thap hon bénh men Hai Anh Quang, An Tring nén 46 rugu cia 3 Jogi fi nhu nhau, Ngoai ra, cdn do gii han vé ning d9 eta rugu vang. ‘Tom Iai, thong qua két qua cha qué trinh thi nghigm, mie da cudi cing thu duge 3 logi men c6 d6 rugu cao nhat nhtmg trong dé men Go Den sau khi i méc Iai tao ra nhieu during khir nhat va ham hrgng tinh bot cdn lai thap nhat, Digu may c6 thé két luan ring: sit dung banh men thude bac Ga Den dé lam rugu thi cho nang suét rrgt cao nit. CHUONG V. KET LUAN VA DE NGH] Neanh Cong Nghé Thc Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoc Ung Dung Pr5.1. KET LUAN, thai gian nghién ettu: “so sdnh Khd ning lén men ctia ed logi biinh men thudc bac trén thj trudng thank phd Can Tho”, ti xin nit ra két Iugn: trong sau loai bénh men thude bic (Go Den, Hii Anh Quang, Nang Huong, Ling Vin - Hi Bic, An ‘Truémg, Ha Noi) duroc mua trén thi truémg thanh pho Cn Tho thi bénh men thude bac ‘6i thong higu Gd Ben c6 kha ning lén men tt nhat, cho d rugu cao nhit. 5.2. DENGHI 1. Tiép tue khao sat ti 18 banh men thich hgp déi v6i loai men nay. Tiép tye nghién citu ti Ig mzdc chan thich hgp C6 thé nghién ciru vj thude bac sit dung, mat s6 ndm méc va mat sé ndm men, dé ‘én co 56 46 sin xuat ra loai bénh men t6t hon, [Nganh Cong Nghé Thuc Phém-Khoa Nong Nghigp va Sink Hoc Ung Dung 2sPHY LUC Phy Iue A. Cae phuong phap phan tich Phy lye 1: Xe djnh him long durong khit trong djch dudmg héa bing phwrong phap BERTRAND 1. Héa chat sir dyng - NaOH 30%, 10% = P(CHCOO)2 30% = Na:SO; bao hoa ~ Metyl xanh 1% trong nude - Febling A (69.28g CuSO, trong 1 lit nuée edt) ~ Fehling B ( 346g Kalinatritartraate va 100g NaOH trong | lit made cat) ~ Phenolphtalein 1% trong edn 2, Phuong phap xée djnh ~ Vit léy dich cia com nép than (sau khi 3 ngay i méc), dem cin khodng 10 - 20 g. Réi dem trung hoa bing NaOH. véi chat chi th] [a Phenolphtalein (dén mau hing, nhat bén trong 30 gidy). ~ Khir tap chat bing.7 ml Pb(CHsCOO), 30%. Dé yén 5 phit dén khi thy mét lop chat long trong suét bén trén I6p c@n thi coi nhu da khit xong. = Loai bo kéttta chi dir ng 20 mi NasSO, bao hod . + Réi dem loc va pha loding dich loc. = Cho vao binh tam giée (loai 300ml) :5 ml fehling A +5 ml fehling B + 15 ml dich gc. Dem dot trén bép dign va chun 6. Méi Lin nhd 1 ml dich chun réi lic dén ‘mau do gach khdng cdn nh xanh. Thi Iai bing cach nh6 1 gigt metyl xanh vao dung dich dang s6i, néu thiy mét mau xanh tro vé mau d6 gach thi Két thie qué trinh chuan 46. Doc két qua va tra bang 4é tinh him Iurong during theo cong thire: sé tra bang*HSPL*100 Ham lugng dung Khir (6) hii lwgng miu*1000 (V6i HSPL 1a hé 86 pha loang dich loc) Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 26Bang 3. Bang tra thé tich dung djch chuan durdmg ‘Thé tich dd | Kh6ilugng | ThE tich da during yeu edu (mi) Thé ich dd | Khéi lrgng duing yeu duimg dich cu(m)) chuyén(mg) [Nednh Cong Nehé Thre Phdm-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sink Hoe Ung Dung aPhu lye 2: Xe dinh hm Iugng tinh b9t edn Iai. 1, Ha chit sir dyng -HCIS%. - NaOH 0,5%. = Pb(CH COO), 30%. = NaySO, 2, Phuong php xe dinh Lay tir trong binh Jén men mét ft com rugu (sau khi ti méc 3 ngay), vat bé nude. Chia thanh 2 mau rdi dem cén: ++ Miu thir nhét (5g) dem sy kh6 dén nhigt d6 khéng d&i dé xée dinh a6 Am + Miu thir hai (20g), nghién nh6, cho vao binh tam giée dung tich 100ml, them yao d6 50m! nude cat, Kic déu, dé yén 30-45 phat. Loc qua gidy loc, rita Iai bing made cét, Choe thing gidy loc va chuyén ba vao binh tam side 06 chia 25ml HCI 5%. Dem dun each thiy qua dng sinh han 3-5 giv. Sau Khi tinh bt da thay phn hodn todn, lam lanh dung dich, Trung hda hén hop bing NaOH 0,5% den pH =5,6 - 6. CChuyén hin hop vio binh dinh mize 100ml, Khir tap bing Pb(CH;COO); 30% va loai musi chi tha bing 20ml Na,SO, bio hoa. Thém nuée cét dén vach, lic du rbi loc. ‘Dinh Iwgng glucose trong dung dich bing phyong phép Bertrand, tr 46 tinh duge ham Irgng tinh bgt theo ham Iwang during khit. sé tra béng*HSPL*100 ‘Ham Iugng durimg khu (4) = : Inrgng méu*1000 Ham lugng tinh bot (%) = Ham long duéng khir * 0.9 Nhung dé két qua chinh xéc, ta phai dya vio cin bin kh6. Vay, ham lugng tinh bOt theo cd ban kh6 duge xéc dinh theo cOng thitc: Ham lgng tinh bot (% CBK) = Ham hong tinh bgt (4%) * (1 - W) Voi: 0.9: H s6 chuyén 44i gitra dudng khir va tinh bot. W: Bé im cia com rugu (45 duge vit nue) Phy Iyc 3 : Xée djnh ndng 49 rugu theo phwong phap chung cat [Nganh Cong Nghe Thc Phm-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sink Hoc Ung Dung 28‘© Phuong phap xe djnh Cho vao binh tam giée 50 ml dung dich rugu va 75 ml nude cat, ri dua vao he théng. Binh nay duoc dat trén bép dign. Bau cdn Jai cia éng sinh han la binh tam giée 100 mi (c6 chia vach). Trong qué trinh chung ct binh duge lam lgnh bing nude di, him lam cho vige chung cat nhanh hon déng thi han ché rugu bay hoi. Réi tién ‘anh chung eft, Mudn qué tink chung cit e6 higu qua thi hg théng may phai dim bio kin va nhigt a6 cua bép dign khéng de qué cao. Khi ruqu dén vach 50 ml cia binh tam giée 100 ml thi két thtic. Rugu thu dire dem lam lanh dén 20 °C, ri do d6 rugu bing cén ké va ghi nbn két qua Hink 10. H¢ thing chung dt riggu [Nednh Cong Nehé Thue Phdm-Khoa Nong Nehiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 2»Phy luc B. Phan tich thing ké Bang B.1. Téng hgp e4e thong s6 so sinh tée a} lén men cia 6 logi banh men “Banh men | An | HaiAnh | Nang Lang Van- | HAN@i | Ga Den Uap NO | Tang | aoe | tens | ile” | a5) | 016 cman, | om | 9) | OH | ney phan tich Dung Khir(%) 20,11 25 19 14,45 15,6 215 4. | Tinh bot Lin con lei, 2,79 1,89 3,33, 5.02, 4,53 0,85, 1 | eCBK) cele 10 i 9 8 8 12 (% viv) Dung Paine | aia | sas | sr | sss | 16s | 2507 Lin Tinh b6t an con i aae | 163 | 32 sm | 4a | ut (%CBK) DO rugu pes u 2 10 7 eect Dung zm | m7 | izes | as77 | 1497 | 2667 i) as z : : meade Tinh bot in | con i 20 | 2 345 5.87 a7 | 102 (%CBK) D6 rugu red u u 9 7 s | 2 [Nednh Cong Nehé Thre Phdm-Khoa Nong Nehiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 30Analysis of Variance for Tinh bot ~ Type 121 suns of Square TOTAL (CORRECTED) [Nedinh Céng Neh Thc Phém-Khoa Nong Nehitp va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 31TOTAL (CORRECTED) genes? multiple Range Tests for oucng Khu by tem men [Ngan Cong Nghé Thc Phém-Khoa Nong Nehiép va Sinh Hoc Ung Dung 32,TOTAL (CORRECTED) es) hmortipte ange Tests for Do ruou by Nan men Ngan Cong Nghg Thee Phim-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 33TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Bi Thi Quynh Hoa (2004), Cong nghé sin xudt ricu bia va nude gidi khét, ‘Truong DCT. 2. Ha Thj Cim Té (2005), Khdo sat én hneéng ciia chat Iugmg cdc loai bank men thuée bic trén thi tracéng dén chat long ricou nép than, Trung BHCT. 3. Lé Thanh Mai (2006), Cée phisong phdp phan tich nganh cong nghé lén men, NXB Khoa Hoe va Ky Thuat. 4, Neuyén Bite Lugng, Cong nghé vi sinh vat -tép 1, 2, 3, Truimg Dai Hoc KF Thugt Tp HCM. 5. Nguyén Thi Hién (2004), Cong nghé séin audt mi chink va cdc sén phim len ‘men truyén thang, NXB Khoa Hoe va Ky Thuat. 6. Neuyén Dinh Thuong (2005), Cong nghé sin xuitt va kiém ta cbn etylic, NXB Khoa Hc va Kj Thus. 7.google.com.vn/images?hI=vi&-g=I izopus&binG=TEC3%ACM+HGCIGACHH+ ELSE ASpA3nbhutp:/images. google.com. valimages q=i O&chi=videstart=1408sa=N ucorsrouxiidgby=2&ndsp=208svnum=1 8.http://images.google.com.vn/images?4=Aspergillus+nigers&ebinG=T%C3%ACm+H%C3% ACnh+%E156B AAS nhé&svnum=108hl=vi&-ebv=2 .http://images. google.com. vnimages?svnum=10&hl=vi&egbv=2&q=Penicillumg&ebinG=T% C3%ACm+HGC3GACHHHGEISBAG AINA bitp:/Fimages&gbv=2 10..hup://microbewiki,kenyon edu/images/thumb/3/33/22220B jpe/2S0px-22229B ips Nganh Cong Nghg Thee Phém-Khoa Nong Nghiép va Sinh Hoe Ung Dung 4