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13gsmpo B en Gsmhandoverproblemssolutions Word 201009 130915134033 Phpapp01 PDF
13gsmpo B en Gsmhandoverproblemssolutions Word 201009 130915134033 Phpapp01 PDF
Contents
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1 Handover types & algorithms
The most prominent feature of mobile communication is that the MS carried by
subscriber actually moves, while the BTSs are immobilized; plus the interferences
from surroundings, its possible for quality of communications deteriorate. One
effective method for improving call communications quality is handover. Handovers
can keep communications on the rails. Some handovers can even improve call quality.
Therefore, its of great importance to master various kinds of handover algorithms for
improving network quality.
3. Inter-cell handover between cells in different BSCs under the same MSC;
(inter-BSC handover)
If handover is between cells under the same BTS, there is no need to send TA
TimeAdvancevalue to BSC before of after the handover. This kind of handover is
referred as synchronous handover. All other handovers which require GSM system to
measure TA value before and after the handover are referred as asynchronous
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GSM Handover Problems & Solutions
handover.
6. Directed retry;
7. Fast-fading level;
8. Macro-micro handover;
When MS receives Handover Command in original cell, it will try to access into the
target cell according to information carried by Handover Command. If the access
succeeds, MS will send Handover Complete message at target cell; if it fails, the MS
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Chapter 1 Handover types & algorithms
will return to the original cell and send Handover Failure message; if the MS doesnt
return to the original cell, it means its disconnected with the network and call drop
happens due to handover failure.
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2 Main causes of handover failure
Main causes of handover failure:
2. Coverage problem: if the coverage overlap between target cell and original cell
isnt large enough, handover may fail due to failing to occupy TCH in target cell.
In this case, its not probably for the MS return to the original cell;
4. BTS hardware malfunction: CDU fault; carrier fault; clock generator fault;
internal communication cable fault;
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3 Flows of problem handling
Its recommended to locate problem through checking radio parameters and hardware.
Besides, we can create handover observation task and analyze handover failure
situation of each cell.
1. Check if radio parameters are set reasonably: if Co-BCCH and BSIC exist
among adjacent cells; if handover parameters are reasonably set; if external cell
data configured right; adjust the unreasonably-set parameters;
2. Check indicators like BER, idle interference band etc. to reduce or eliminate
radio interference;
3. Check coverage through DT. For bad coverage or areas without enough
overlapped coverage between original cell and target cell, checking of hardware
malfunction is very necessary for improving coverage; transceiver, clock
generator,
4. Check cell hardware, including CDU, RF connection lines between boards, and
change hardware with faults;
5. Check antenna system, including VSWR, direction of antennas in the same cell,
wrong installation or reversed installation of antenna feeders, make necessary
adjustment and changes.
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GSM Handover Problems & Solutions
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4 Typical cases
4.1 Low handover success rate due to frequency interference
Problem description
The data in performance report shows Cell2 under a BTS suffer from low handover
success rate.
Problem analysis
Check radio parameters, its discovered that CI 29992 and 16953 in the cell share
channel and BSIC, and they are close to each other.
Problem solution
Change BCCH of 29992. After parameter adjustment, indicators are improved, and the
problem is solved.
Total Total
Handover
number of number of
Date BTS name Cell LAC(LAC-CI) success
handover handover
rate (%)
request success
2005-05-28 18:00-19:00 SITE1_DV2 LAC8412-CI29992 70 27 38.57
2005-05-29 18:00-19:00 SITE1_DV2 LAC8412-CI29992 43 18 41.86
2005-05-30 18:00-19:00 SITE1_DV2 LAC8412-CI29992 66 18 27.27
After parameter adjustment
2005-06-15 18:00-19:00 SITE1_DV2 LAC8412-CI29992 25 24 96
2005-06-16 18:00-19:00 SITE1_DV2 LAC8412-CI29992 25 25 100
The data in performance report shows Cell 1 under a BTS suffers from low handover
success rate.
Problem analysis
Check radio parameters, no problem is found. From OMCR dynamic management, its
discovered that a carrier in the cell cant be occupied. The carrier is decided to have
bug. Submit notice to require for checking of hardware malfunction.
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GSM Handover Problems & Solutions
Problem solution
After the carrier is replaced, indicators are apparently improved and the problem is
solved.
Total
Total
number Handover
number of
Date Site name Cell LAC(LAC-CI) of success
handover
handover rate (%)
request
success
2005-06-10 18:00-19:00 SITE2_D1A LAC8415-CI25023 345 52 15.1
2005-06-11 18:00-19:00 SITE2_D1A LAC8415-CI25023 221 64 29
2005-06-12 18:00-19:00 SITE2_D1A LAC8415-CI25023 266 28 10.5
After the carrier is replaced
2005-06-14 18:00-19:00 SITE2_D1A LAC8415-CI25023 160 152 95
2005-06-15 18:00-19:00 SITE2_D1A LAC8415-CI25023 160 154 96.3
The data in performance report shows Cell 1 under a BTS suffers from low handover
success rate.
Problem analysis
Check radio parameters, no problem is found. From signaling trace analysis in OMCR,
its discovered that the signal strength on frequency points 728, 726, 699 is extremely
weak (Ta is 1.1 KM), thus its decided that hardware in the cell, like divider unit, has
bug. Submit notice to require for hardware checking.
Problem solution
After checking of hardware on site, its discovered that equipment connection lines are
disordered. When the order of lines is adjusted, the cell continues operation normally.
Total Total
Handover
number of number of
Date Site name Cell LAC (LAC-CI) success
handover handover
rate (%)
request success
2005-06-02 18:00-19:00 SITE3_D1 LAC8416-CI25405 520 113 21.73
2005-06-03 18:00-19:00 SITE3_D1 LAC8416-CI25405 517 102 19.72
2005-06-04 18:00-19:00 SITE3_D1 LAC8416-CI25405 576 97 16.84
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Chapter 4 Typical cases
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